WO2024092445A1 - 电池和用电设备 - Google Patents

电池和用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024092445A1
WO2024092445A1 PCT/CN2022/128750 CN2022128750W WO2024092445A1 WO 2024092445 A1 WO2024092445 A1 WO 2024092445A1 CN 2022128750 W CN2022128750 W CN 2022128750W WO 2024092445 A1 WO2024092445 A1 WO 2024092445A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
wall
pressure relief
support member
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/128750
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨飘飘
李耀
钱欧
陈小波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA3236540A priority Critical patent/CA3236540A1/en
Priority to JP2024515086A priority patent/JP7766183B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2022/128750 priority patent/WO2024092445A1/zh
Priority to EP22956682.3A priority patent/EP4386940A4/en
Priority to CN202280089571.XA priority patent/CN118556325A/zh
Priority to KR1020247008995A priority patent/KR20240065087A/ko
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202320564038.6U priority patent/CN219917483U/zh
Priority to US18/595,453 priority patent/US20240204343A1/en
Publication of WO2024092445A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024092445A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to JP2025178343A priority patent/JP2026021370A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/358—External gas exhaust passages located on the battery cover or case
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the safety of the battery.
  • a battery comprising: a battery cell, a first wall of the battery cell being provided with a first pressure relief mechanism; a thermal management component for regulating the temperature of the battery cell, the thermal management component being attached to a second wall of the battery cell, the second wall being different from the first wall and having an area greater than or equal to that of the first wall; and a discharge passage configured to be able to communicate with the interior of the battery cell via the first pressure relief mechanism when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, so that emissions from the battery cell can be discharged into the discharge passage.
  • the thermal management component is attached to the second wall of the battery cell where the first pressure relief mechanism is not provided, and the contact area between the thermal management component and the battery cell is large.
  • the thermal management component can cool down the battery cell that has thermal runaway, avoid heat diffusion, and enhance the safety of the battery.
  • the battery also includes a discharge passage.
  • the discharge passage can be connected to the interior of the battery cell through the first pressure relief mechanism. In this way, the emissions inside the battery cell can be discharged to the discharge passage through the first pressure relief mechanism, avoiding heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the battery cell, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the battery further comprises: a housing, the housing comprising an electrical cavity, the electrical cavity being used to accommodate the battery cell and the thermal management component.
  • the electrical cavity of the housing in the embodiment of the present application is used to accommodate at least one battery cell and at least one thermal management component, that is, the electrical cavity provides installation space for the battery cell and the thermal management component, thereby improving the integration of the battery.
  • the exhaust passage includes a first passage, and the first passage is used to discharge the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism to the electrical cavity. Since the battery cell is arranged in the electrical cavity, the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell is directly discharged to the electrical cavity where the battery cell is located through the first passage, and the exhaust can be discharged from the electrical cavity without additionally setting other structures, making the structure of the box body simpler and easier to implement.
  • the electrical cavity includes a third wall opposite to the first wall, and at least a portion of the first passage is located between the first wall and the third wall.
  • the first wall of the battery cell is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, and a first passage is provided between the first wall and the third wall, so that the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism can directly enter the first passage.
  • the purpose of directional emission of the emissions can be achieved, and the emissions can be prevented from affecting other components in the electrical cavity, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the battery further includes: a first support member, the first support member is disposed between the first wall and the third wall, and the first support member is used to form at least a portion of the first passage.
  • the first support member can provide support between the first wall and the third wall so that the third wall has better compressive strength.
  • the first support member can withstand most or even all of the external pressure, thereby reducing or eliminating the impact of external pressure on components such as battery cells and thermal management components in the electrical cavity, and improving the pressure resistance and safety performance of the battery.
  • the first support member can also be used to form at least part of the first passage for emissions passing through the battery cells, so that the emissions pass through the first passage to achieve directional emissions.
  • the first support member is disposed correspondingly to the area of the first wall except the first pressure relief mechanism, so as to form at least part of the first passage outside the first support member. If the first support member is disposed correspondingly to the area of the first wall except the first pressure relief mechanism, the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism are outside the first support member, thereby forming at least part of the first passage outside the first support member.
  • at least part of the first passage can be formed between a plurality of first support members or between the first support member and the wall of the electrical chamber, so that the emissions are discharged in a directionally manner.
  • the first support member abuts against the area of the first wall except the first pressure relief mechanism.
  • the first support member may abut against the area of the first wall except the first pressure relief mechanism to ensure that the first support member has a good supporting effect on the first wall.
  • the battery includes a plurality of first support members spaced apart, and at least a portion of the first passage is formed between the plurality of first support members. Since the battery generally includes a plurality of battery cells, a plurality of first support members may be spaced apart between the first wall and the third wall of the plurality of battery cells, so that at least a portion of the first passage may be formed between the plurality of first support members, and after the exhaust is discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism, it may be discharged between the plurality of first support members to achieve directional discharge.
  • the first support member is provided with a first opening, and the first opening is provided corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism, so that the emissions passing through the first pressure relief mechanism are discharged through the first opening.
  • the emissions of the battery cell are discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism and enter the first opening, and the directional discharge of the emissions can be achieved by reasonably setting the position of the first opening.
  • the first support member is a hollow structure
  • the first pressure relief mechanism is connected to the interior of the first support member through the first opening to form at least a portion of the first passage inside the first support member.
  • the first opening is arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism and will not hinder the actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism.
  • the first opening of the first support member is also convenient for receiving the discharge of the battery cell discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism. After passing through the first opening, the discharge can be collected into the interior of the first support member, so that the discharge can be discharged in a directional manner, preventing the discharge from affecting the components in the electrical cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first opening is not less than the area of the first pressure relief mechanism, so as to further enhance the good conduction effect of the first opening on the exhaust and prevent the first opening from blocking the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism from entering the first passage.
  • the first support member abuts against the first wall and/or the third wall.
  • the first support member can provide support for the first wall and/or the third wall to improve the overall compressive strength of the first wall and/or the third wall.
  • the overall compressive strength of the first wall and the third wall can be improved at the same time, thereby preventing external pressure from affecting components such as battery cells in the electrical cavity.
  • the connecting surface of the first support member abuts against the first wall and/or the third wall, and the non-connecting surface of the first support member is provided with a second opening to form at least a portion of the first passage outside the first support member to increase the discharge path of the emissions passing through the battery cell.
  • the third wall and/or the fourth wall is provided with a second pressure relief mechanism, the second pressure relief mechanism is used to discharge the exhaust passing through the first passage out of the electrical cavity, and the fourth wall is a wall of the electrical cavity intersecting with the third wall.
  • the first passage is located between the first wall and the third wall. If the second pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the third wall, the emissions in the first passage can be discharged from the electrical cavity in time, avoiding the heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the electrical cavity, and improving the safety of the battery. If the second pressure relief mechanism is arranged on the fourth wall, the second pressure relief mechanism is close to the end of the first passage, which can also achieve the purpose of quickly discharging emissions, avoiding the heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the electrical cavity, and improving the safety of the battery.
  • the exhaust passage includes a second passage, and the second passage is used to discharge the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism out of the electrical cavity.
  • the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell is discharged from the electrical cavity through the second passage.
  • the exhaust does not affect the battery cell in the electrical cavity, and can effectively avoid heat diffusion and short circuit of the battery cell caused by the exhaust, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the exhaust of the battery cell can be collected in a centralized manner to avoid the impact of the exhaust on other components.
  • the housing further comprises: a collection chamber, the collection chamber being used to collect emissions from the battery cell through the second passage when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated.
  • the collection chamber collects and/or processes emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated. For example, it can be used to collect emissions discharged through the second passage when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated.
  • the collection chamber can cool the emissions and discharge the emissions to the outside of the battery.
  • the electrical cavity includes a third wall opposite to the first wall, and the third wall is a hollow structure, so that the interior of the third wall forms at least part of the collection cavity.
  • the first sub-wall of the third wall facing the first wall is provided with a first pressure relief area, the first pressure relief area is arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism, and the first pressure relief area is used to form at least part of the second passage.
  • the first pressure relief area is used to discharge the emissions passing through the first pressure relief mechanism to the inside of the third wall, that is, into the collection chamber, through the first pressure relief area when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, thereby avoiding the damage of the emissions to other battery cells in the electrical chamber, avoiding heat diffusion, and improving the safety of the battery.
  • the first pressure relief area is a first through hole that runs through the thickness direction of the first sub-wall, and the second passage includes the first through hole. Setting the first pressure relief area as the first through hole is convenient for processing on the one hand, and on the other hand, the first through hole can provide a deformation space for the actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism, and when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the exhaust is quickly discharged to the collection chamber inside the third wall, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust and thus improving the safety of the battery.
  • the first pressure relief area is a first weak area on the first sub-wall, and the first weak area is configured to be destroyed when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated to form at least a portion of the second passage.
  • the first weak area can make the third wall in a relatively sealed state, which can effectively protect the first pressure relief mechanism from being damaged by external forces and becoming ineffective.
  • the strength of the first weak area is less than the strength of other areas of the first sub-wall except the first pressure relief area, so the first weak area is easily destroyed, so that the emissions from the battery cell equipped with the first pressure relief mechanism pass through the first weak area and are discharged from the electrical cavity, for example, they can pass through the first weak area and enter the collection cavity inside the third wall.
  • the second sub-wall of the third wall is provided with a third pressure relief mechanism, and the third pressure relief mechanism is used to discharge the exhaust passing through the second passage out of the collection chamber, and the second sub-wall is different from the first sub-wall.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism When the internal pressure or temperature of the collecting chamber inside the third wall reaches a threshold value, the third pressure relief mechanism is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature of the collecting chamber, thereby promptly discharging the emissions in the collecting chamber out of the box body; and, the second sub-wall is different from the first sub-wall, so the emissions will not pass through the third pressure relief mechanism again to enter the electrical chamber, thereby avoiding impact on the components inside the electrical chamber and improving the safety of the battery.
  • the electrical cavity includes a fourth wall intersecting with the third wall, the fourth wall is a hollow structure and communicates with the interior of the third wall, so that the interior of the third wall and the interior of the fourth wall form at least part of the collection cavity.
  • This can expand the range of the collection cavity, thus extending the range of the second passage, so that the collection cavity can accommodate more emissions, which is also conducive to cooling the internal emissions, improving the emission efficiency of the emissions, and thus improving the safety of the battery.
  • the battery further comprises: an isolation component attached to the first wall, the isolation component being used to isolate the electrical cavity and the collection cavity.
  • the isolation component is used to isolate the electrical cavity and the collection cavity, that is, the electrical cavity for accommodating the battery cell and the thermal management component and the collection cavity for collecting the exhaust are spatially separated from each other to avoid mutual influence between the two.
  • the isolation component is provided with a second pressure relief area, and the second pressure relief area is used to form at least part of the second passage.
  • the exhaust discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism can pass through the second pressure relief area and enter the collection chamber, thereby avoiding the exhaust from damaging other battery cells in the electrical chamber, avoiding heat diffusion, and improving the safety of the battery.
  • the second pressure relief area is a second through hole that runs through the thickness direction of the isolation component, and the second passage includes the second through hole.
  • the second pressure relief area is set as the second through hole, which is convenient for processing on the one hand, and on the other hand, the second through hole can provide a deformation space for the actuation of the second pressure relief area, and when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated, the exhaust is quickly discharged to the collection chamber through the second through hole, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust and thus improving the safety of the battery.
  • the second pressure relief area is a second weak area, and the second weak area is used to be destroyed when the first pressure relief mechanism is actuated to form at least part of the second passage.
  • the second weak area can make the collection chamber in a relatively sealed state, which can effectively protect the first pressure relief mechanism from being damaged by external forces and failing.
  • the strength of the second weak area is less than the strength of other areas of the isolation component except the second pressure relief area, so the second weak area is easy to be destroyed, so that the emissions from the battery cell equipped with the first pressure relief mechanism pass through the second weak area to discharge the electrical cavity, for example, can pass through the second weak area and enter the collection chamber.
  • the battery further includes: a second support member, which is arranged in the collection chamber, and the second support member is used to improve the compressive strength of the collection chamber.
  • the second support member is arranged in the collection chamber, and compared with the collection chamber with a cavity structure, since the second support member provides support in the collection chamber, the collection chamber provided with the second support member has better compressive strength.
  • the collection chamber provided with the second support member can withstand most or even all of the external pressure, thereby reducing or eliminating the influence of the external pressure on components such as battery cells and thermal management components in the electrical chamber, and improving the pressure resistance and safety performance of the battery.
  • the second support member is arranged corresponding to the area of the isolation component other than the second pressure relief area to form at least part of the second passage outside the second support member.
  • the second support member is arranged corresponding to the area of the isolation component other than the second pressure relief area to avoid the second support member from affecting the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief area. For example, it can prevent the second support member from blocking the emissions from the inside of the battery cell discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief area, so that it can be discharged from the electrical cavity in time and collected by the collection cavity. Therefore, the second support member arranged based on the embodiment of the present application will not affect the safety performance of the battery cell while improving the compressive strength of the collection cavity.
  • the second support member abuts against a region of the isolation component other than the second pressure relief region to ensure that the second support member has a good supporting effect on the collection chamber.
  • the second support member is provided with a third opening, and the third opening is arranged corresponding to the second pressure relief area, so that the emissions passing through the second pressure relief area are discharged through the third opening.
  • the emissions of the battery cell are discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief area and enter the third opening, and the directional discharge of the emissions can be achieved by reasonably setting the position of the third opening.
  • the second support member is a hollow structure, and the second pressure relief area is connected to the interior of the second support member through the third opening to form at least a portion of the second passage inside the second support member.
  • the third opening is arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief area, and will not hinder the actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism, nor will it hinder the emission from passing through the second pressure relief area.
  • the third opening of the second support member is also convenient for receiving the emission of the battery cell discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism and the second pressure relief area in sequence.
  • the emission can be collected inside the second support member after passing through the third opening.
  • the third opening and the second support member can be used for at least part of the second passage, so that the emission can be discharged in a directional manner, and the emission is prevented from affecting the components in the electrical cavity.
  • the cross-sectional area of the third opening is not less than the area of the second pressure relief area, so as to further enhance the good conduction effect of the third opening on the emissions and prevent the third opening from blocking the emissions discharged from the second pressure relief area from entering the second passage.
  • the housing further comprises: a protective component, which is used to form the collecting chamber together with the isolation component, and the protective component can also be used to protect the isolation component.
  • the second support member abuts against the isolation member and/or the protective member.
  • the second support member can provide support for the isolation member and/or the protective member to improve the compressive strength of the isolation member and/or the protective member as a whole, especially when the second support member abuts against the isolation member and/or the protective member at the same time, the compressive strength of the isolation member and/or the protective member as a whole can be improved at the same time, thereby preventing the external pressure from affecting the collection chamber, and also preventing the external pressure from affecting the battery cells and other components in the electrical chamber.
  • the connecting surface of the second support member abuts against the isolation component and/or the protective member, and the non-connecting surface of the second support member is provided with a fourth opening to form at least a portion of the second passage outside the second support member to increase the discharge path of emissions passing through the battery cell.
  • the electrical cavity includes a fourth wall intersecting with the isolation component, and the fourth wall is a hollow structure, so that the interior of the fourth wall forms at least a portion of the collection cavity.
  • the interior of the fourth wall is connected to the collection cavity between the isolation component and the protective member, which expands the range of the collection cavity, and also extends the range of the second passage, so that the collection cavity can accommodate more emissions, which is also conducive to cooling the internal emissions, improving the emission efficiency of the emissions, and thus improving the safety of the battery.
  • the third sub-wall of the fourth wall away from the electrical cavity is provided with a fourth pressure relief mechanism, and the fourth pressure relief mechanism is used to discharge the emissions passing through the second passage out of the collection cavity.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism provided on the third sub-wall is actuated to discharge the internal pressure or temperature of the collection cavity, thereby timely discharging the emissions in the collection cavity out of the box body, wherein the third sub-wall is the wall of the fourth wall away from the electrical cavity.
  • the emissions will not enter the electrical cavity through the fourth pressure relief mechanism again, thereby avoiding the impact on the components in the electrical cavity and improving the safety of the battery.
  • the second wall is the wall with the largest area of the battery cell, so as to increase the contact area between the thermal management component and the battery cell, thereby better regulating the temperature of the battery cell to improve the efficiency of heating or cooling.
  • the battery includes multiple columns of battery cells arranged along a first direction, each column of battery cells in the multiple columns of battery cells includes at least one battery cell arranged along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the second wall.
  • Arranging multiple battery cells in the battery in an array facilitates assembly of the battery and can also improve space utilization of multiple battery cells inside the battery.
  • the thermal management component is attached to the second wall of at least one battery cell in at least one column of the plurality of battery cells. In this way, there is at least one thermal management component in the battery, and each thermal management component can adjust the temperature of at least one battery cell.
  • the battery cell includes two second walls arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and at least one column of battery cells in the plurality of columns of battery cells is provided with the thermal management component attached to the two second walls of at least one battery cell on both sides along the first direction. Therefore, the presence of two thermal management components in the battery can simultaneously adjust the temperature of the column of battery cells, thereby improving the temperature adjustment efficiency and the safety of the battery.
  • a same thermal management component is disposed between at least two adjacent columns of battery cells in the plurality of columns of battery cells to facilitate processing and assembly of the battery.
  • the battery includes a plurality of the thermal management components arranged along the first direction. Increasing the number of the thermal management components can improve the temperature regulation efficiency.
  • multiple thermal management components are spaced apart along the first direction so that at least one battery cell is provided between two adjacent thermal management components, thereby avoiding the presence of multiple thermal management components being attached to each other. This improves both the space utilization of the battery and the temperature regulation efficiency.
  • the thermal management component is provided with a heat exchange channel for accommodating a heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange channels of multiple thermal management components are interconnected.
  • multiple thermal management components are interconnected, which, on the one hand, facilitates management and control, and improves the integration and safety of the battery; on the other hand, when the temperature of some thermal management components in the battery changes greatly, heat exchange can be achieved through the heat exchange channel, so that the temperature difference between the multiple thermal management components is small, and the temperature regulation efficiency is improved.
  • the ratio D/S of the thickness D of the thermal management component along the first direction to the area ratio S is in the range of [0.5mm, 200mm], the first direction is perpendicular to the second wall, and the area ratio is the ratio of the area of the second wall in contact with the thermal management component to the area of the second wall.
  • the value range of D/S is [1mm, 100mm]. If the ratio of the thickness of the thermal management component to the area ratio is set too small, if the area ratio is a certain value, the thickness of the thermal management component will be too small, the thermal management component will be difficult to process, and the strength is too small, it is easy to break during assembly, and the processing efficiency of the battery is reduced.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the thermal management component to the area ratio is set too large, on the one hand, the thickness of the thermal management component may be large, and the thermal management component occupies a large space, which reduces the space utilization of the battery, thus reducing the energy density of the battery, and may also affect the power demand of the battery; on the other hand, the area ratio may be too small, that is, the contact area between the thermal management component and the second wall of the battery cell is too small, which will lead to poor efficiency of temperature regulation.
  • an electrical device comprising: the battery described in the first aspect, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device.
  • the electrical equipment is a vehicle, a ship or a spacecraft.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery disclosed in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of yet another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of another battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plurality of battery cells and a thermal management component disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 18 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector.
  • the current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the current collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the positive electrode collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode collector.
  • the current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode collector can be copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the isolation film can be polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE).
  • the electrode assembly can be a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the protection measures include at least switching elements, selecting appropriate isolation membrane materials, and pressure relief mechanisms.
  • Switching elements refer to elements that can stop the battery from charging or discharging when the temperature or resistance inside the battery cell reaches a certain threshold.
  • the isolation membrane is used to isolate the positive and negative electrodes. When the temperature rises to a certain value, it can automatically dissolve the micron-level (even nano-level) micropores attached to it, so that metal ions cannot pass through the isolation membrane, terminating the internal reaction of the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism refers to an element or component that is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold.
  • the threshold design varies according to different design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, electrolyte and isolation membrane in the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, an air valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and can specifically adopt pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive elements or structures, that is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a predetermined threshold, the pressure relief mechanism performs an action or the weak structure provided in the pressure relief mechanism is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released.
  • the "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the pressure relief mechanism is in action or activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be released.
  • the action produced by the pressure relief mechanism may include but is not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism is ruptured, broken, torn or opened, etc.
  • the emissions from the battery cells mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the isolation membrane, high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by the reaction, flames, etc.
  • the pressure relief mechanism on the battery cell has an important impact on the safety of the battery. For example, when a short circuit or overcharge occurs, thermal runaway may occur inside the battery cell, causing a sudden increase in pressure or temperature. In this case, the pressure relief mechanism can be activated to release the internal pressure and temperature to prevent the battery cell from exploding or catching fire.
  • the thermal management component can be attached to the wall of the battery cell provided with the pressure relief mechanism. In this way, when the battery cell is working normally, the thermal management component can adjust the temperature of the battery cell.
  • the pressure relief mechanism is generally provided on the wall of the battery cell with a smaller area, the effect of regulating the temperature of the battery cell is not significant when the battery cell is working normally.
  • the battery cell has thermal runaway, for example, when the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell is actuated, the power and destructive force of the emissions of the battery cell discharged through the pressure relief mechanism may be very large, which may be enough to break through the thermal management component in that direction, causing safety problems.
  • the present application provides a battery and an electrical device, the battery comprising a battery cell and a thermal management component, wherein a first pressure relief mechanism is provided on the first wall of the battery cell, and the thermal management component is attached to a second wall of the battery cell, the second wall is different from the first wall, and the area of the second wall is greater than or equal to the area of the first wall.
  • the thermal management component is attached to the second wall of the battery cell where the first pressure relief mechanism is not provided, and the contact area between the thermal management component and the battery cell is large, and the effect of regulating the temperature of the battery cell is more significant when the battery cell works normally.
  • the second wall to which the thermal management component is attached is not the first wall of the battery cell where the first pressure relief mechanism is provided, when the battery cell has thermal runaway, the discharge of the battery cell discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism will be discharged in a direction away from the thermal management component, so the discharge is not easy to break through the thermal management component, and the thermal management component can cool the battery cell that has thermal runaway, avoid heat diffusion, and enhance the safety of the battery.
  • the battery also includes a discharge passage.
  • the discharge passage can be connected to the interior of the battery cell through the first pressure relief mechanism. In this way, the emissions inside the battery cell can be discharged to the discharge passage through the first pressure relief mechanism, avoiding heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the battery cell, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • Electrical equipment may be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and electric tools, etc.
  • Vehicles may be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles, or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles may be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools, and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.
  • FIG1 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a motor 40, a controller 30 and a battery 10 may be provided inside the vehicle 1.
  • the controller 30 is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 40.
  • a battery 10 may be provided at the bottom, front or rear of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 may be used to supply power to the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for the working power requirements during the start-up, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 may not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
  • a battery may include multiple battery cells, wherein multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in hybrid connection, where hybrid connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel connection.
  • a battery may also be referred to as a battery pack.
  • multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in hybrid connection to form a battery module, and multiple battery modules may be connected in series, in parallel, or in hybrid connection to form a battery.
  • multiple battery cells may be directly connected to form a battery, or they may be first connected to form a battery module, and then the battery module may be connected to form a battery.
  • FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application
  • FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application, for example, the battery 10 described in FIG3 may be the battery 10 shown in FIG2.
  • the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a battery cell 20, the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 213; a thermal management component 12, used to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20, the thermal management component 12 is attached to the second wall 21b of the battery cell 20, the second wall 21b is different from the first wall 21a, and the area of the second wall 21b is greater than or equal to the area of the first wall 21a; and a discharge passage 13, which is configured to be able to communicate with the interior of the battery cell 20 via the first pressure relief mechanism 213 when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, so that the discharge of the battery cell 20 is discharged to the discharge passage.
  • the shape of the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application can be set according to the actual application.
  • the battery cell 20 can be a polyhedron structure, which is formed by a plurality of walls. Therefore, the battery cell 20 can include a plurality of walls.
  • the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 213, and the second wall 21b of the battery cell 20 faces the thermal management component 12.
  • the first wall 21a and the second wall 21b can be any two different walls of the battery cell 20, for example, the first wall 21a and the second wall 21b can intersect or not intersect; and the area of the second wall 21b is not less than the area of the first wall 21a.
  • the second wall 21b can be the wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20, and the first wall 21a can be the wall with the smallest area of the battery cell 20; or, the areas of the first wall 21a and the second wall 21b can be equal, for example, both are the walls with the largest area of the battery cell 20, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the thermal management component 12 of the embodiment of the present application is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 can contain a fluid or a solid-liquid phase change material to adjust the temperature of multiple battery cells 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 may include a flow channel 121, which can be used to contain a fluid or a solid-liquid phase change material.
  • the fluid can be a liquid or a gas; the original state of the solid-liquid phase change material is solid, and it can become a liquid after absorbing heat; regulating the temperature refers to heating or cooling multiple battery cells 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 is used to contain a cooling fluid or a solid-liquid phase change material to reduce the temperature of multiple battery cells 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 can also be called a cooling component, a cooling system or a cooling plate, etc., and the fluid contained therein can also be called a cooling medium or a cooling fluid, and more specifically, it can be called a coolant or a cooling gas.
  • the thermal management component 12 can also be used for heating to heat up multiple battery cells 20, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the fluid can be circulated to achieve a better temperature regulation effect.
  • the fluid may be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection method between the thermal management component 12 and the battery cell 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 and the battery cell 20 can be fixedly connected by an adhesive; or the thermal management component 12 can be clamped and fixed between two adjacent battery cells 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 is attached to the second wall of the battery cell 20 where the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is not provided, and the contact area between the thermal management component 12 and the battery cell 20 is large.
  • the thermal management component 12 can cool down the battery cell 20 that has thermal runaway, avoid heat diffusion, and enhance the safety of the battery 10.
  • the battery 10 also includes a discharge passage 13.
  • the discharge passage 13 can be connected to the interior of the battery cell 20 through the first pressure relief mechanism 213.
  • the exhaust inside the battery cell 20 can be discharged to the discharge passage 13 through the first pressure relief mechanism 213, avoiding heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of exhaust in the battery cell 20, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the battery 10 further includes: a box body 11, the box body 11 includes an electrical cavity 11a, and the electrical cavity 11a is used to accommodate a battery cell 20 and a thermal management component 12.
  • the electrical cavity 11a of the box body 11 of the embodiment of the present application is used to accommodate at least one battery cell 20 and at least one thermal management component 12, that is, the electrical cavity 11a provides an installation space for the battery cell 20 and the thermal management component 12.
  • the electrical cavity 11a can be sealed or unsealed.
  • the shape of the electrical cavity 11a can be determined according to the battery cell 20 and/or thermal management component 12 accommodated.
  • the electrical cavity 11a can be a hollow cuboid, formed by at least six walls to facilitate processing.
  • the electrical cavity 11a of the embodiment of the present application can be formed in a variety of ways.
  • the box body 11 may include a plurality of parts of the same or different shapes, and the plurality of parts are interconnected and buckled to form a hollow cuboid, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the electrical cavity 11a of the embodiment of the present application has no restrictions on the number of battery cells 20 and the number of thermal management components 12 that can be accommodated.
  • other components may be disposed in the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the electrical cavity 11a may also include a structure for fixing the battery cells 20 and/or the thermal management components 12.
  • the electrical cavity 11a of the embodiment of the present application can also be used to accommodate a busbar component, that is, the electrical cavity 11a provides a space for installing the battery cell 20 and the busbar component.
  • the busbar component is used to realize electrical connection between multiple battery cells 20, such as parallel connection, series connection, or mixed connection.
  • the busbar component can realize electrical connection between the battery cells 20 by connecting the electrode terminals 214 of the battery cells 20.
  • the busbar component can be fixed to the electrode terminals 214 of the battery cells 20 by welding.
  • the exhaust passage 13 includes a first passage 131, and the first passage 131 is used to discharge the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to the electrical chamber 11a. Since the battery cell 20 is disposed in the electrical chamber 11a, the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of the battery cell 20 is directly discharged to the electrical chamber 11a where the battery cell 20 is located through the first passage 131, and the exhaust can be discharged from the electrical chamber 11a without additionally providing other structures, so that the structure of the box body 11 is simpler and easier to implement.
  • the electrical cavity 11a includes a third wall 1101 opposite to the first wall 21a, and at least a portion of the first passage 131 is located between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101.
  • the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 213, and the first passage 131 is provided between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101, so that the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 can directly enter the first passage 131.
  • the purpose of directional emission of the emissions can be achieved, and the emissions can be prevented from affecting other components in the electrical cavity 11a, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 shown in FIG. 4 may be any one of the battery cells 20 in the battery 10 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.
  • the battery cell 20 includes a shell 21, and the shell 21 may include a plurality of walls, that is, a hollow shell 21 is formed by enclosing a plurality of walls.
  • the shell 21 may include a shell 211 and a cover plate 212.
  • the wall of the shell 211 and the cover plate 212 are both referred to as the wall of the battery cell 20.
  • the shape of the shell 211 may be determined according to the shape of the one or more electrode assemblies 22 inside.
  • the shell 211 may be a hollow cuboid, a cube or a cylinder, and at least one face of the shell 211 has an opening so that one or more electrode assemblies 22 can be placed in the shell 211.
  • at least one plane of the shell 211 is an open surface, that is, the open surface does not have a wall body so that the inside and outside of the shell 211 are connected.
  • each of the two end faces of the shell 211 can be an open surface, that is, the end face does not have a wall body so that the inside and outside of the shell 211 are connected.
  • at least one cover plate 212 at least one opening of the shell 211 can be covered respectively, and each cover plate 212 is connected to the shell 211 to form a closed cavity for placing the electrode assembly 22.
  • the shell 211 is filled with an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte.
  • a first pressure relief mechanism 213 is provided on the first wall 21a of the battery cell 20 of the embodiment of the present application, and the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is used to actuate to release the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold value.
  • the first wall 21a can be any wall of the battery cell 20.
  • the first wall 21a can be the wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20. In this way, since the area of the second wall 21b is not less than the area of the first wall 21a, the first wall 21a and the second wall 21b can have equal areas and both are the walls with the largest area of the battery cell 20.
  • the first wall 21a can be the wall with the smallest area of the battery cell 20.
  • the first wall 21a can be the bottom wall of the housing 211 for easy installation.
  • the embodiments of the present application are mainly described by taking the first wall 21a as the bottom wall of the shell 211 of the battery cell 20 as an example; and, for ease of display, the first wall 21a is separated from the shell 211 in FIG. 4 , but this does not limit the bottom side of the shell 211 to having or not having an opening, that is, the bottom wall and the side wall of the shell 211 can be an integral structure or can be two independent parts connected together.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a part of the first wall 21a, or may be a separate structure from the first wall 21a, and may be fixed on the first wall 21a by, for example, welding.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is a part of the first wall 21a, that is, the first pressure relief mechanism 213 may be integrally formed with the first wall 21a, and the first pressure relief mechanism 213 may be formed by providing a notch or a groove on the first wall 21a, and the notch makes the thickness of the area where the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of the first wall 21a is located smaller than the thickness of other areas of the first wall 21a except the first pressure relief mechanism 213.
  • the battery cell 20 may rupture at the notch, causing the inside and outside of the shell 21 to communicate, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the rupture of the first pressure relief mechanism 213, thereby preventing the battery cell 20 from exploding.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of the embodiment of the present application may be various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 20 provided with the first pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold value; and/or, the first pressure relief mechanism 213 may be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 20 provided with the first pressure relief mechanism 213 reaches a threshold value.
  • the housing 21 of the battery cell 20 may also be provided with an electrode terminal 214, and the wall where the electrode terminal 214 is located may be the same as or different from the first wall 21a.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the example that the wall where the electrode terminal 214 is located is different from the first wall 21a.
  • the wall where the electrode terminal 214 is located is arranged opposite to the first wall 21a.
  • first wall 21a can be the bottom wall of the battery cell 20
  • the wall where the electrode terminal 214 is located can be the cover plate 212 of the battery cell 20, so that the discharge discharged from the battery cell 20 through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 will not affect the electrode terminal 214, thereby avoiding short circuit and improving the safety of the battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 may include at least two electrode terminals 214, and the at least two electrode terminals 214 may be arranged on the same wall, or may also be arranged on different walls.
  • FIG4 takes the example that the battery cell 20 includes two electrode terminals 214, and the two electrode terminals 214 are arranged on a flat plate-shaped cover plate 212.
  • the at least two electrode terminals 214 may include at least one positive electrode terminal 214a and at least one negative electrode terminal 214b.
  • each electrode terminal 214 of the embodiment of the present application is used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 22 to output electric energy.
  • each electrode terminal 214 may be provided with a corresponding connection member 23, or may also be called a current collecting member 23, which is located between the cover plate 212 and the electrode assembly 22 and is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 22 and the electrode terminal 214.
  • each electrode assembly 22 has a first pole tab 221a and a second pole tab 222a.
  • the polarities of the first pole tab 221a and the second pole tab 222a are opposite.
  • the first pole tab 221a is a positive pole tab
  • the second pole tab 222a is a negative pole tab.
  • the first pole tab 221a of one or more electrode assemblies 22 is connected to one electrode terminal through a connecting member 23, and the second pole tab 222a of one or more electrode assemblies 22 is connected to another electrode terminal through another connecting member 23.
  • the positive electrode terminal 214a is connected to the positive pole tab through a connecting member 23, and the negative electrode terminal 214b is connected to the negative pole tab through another connecting member 23.
  • the electrode assembly 22 can be provided as a single one or multiple ones according to actual use requirements. As shown in FIG. 4 , four independent electrode assemblies 22 are provided in the battery cell 20 , but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the battery cell 20 may further include a pad 24, which is located between the electrode assembly 22 and the bottom wall of the shell 211, and can support the electrode assembly 22, and can also effectively prevent the electrode assembly 22 from interfering with the fillets around the bottom wall of the shell 211.
  • the pad 24 may be provided with one or more through holes, for example, multiple evenly arranged through holes may be provided, or, when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is provided on the bottom wall of the shell 211, a through hole may be provided corresponding to the position of the first pressure relief mechanism 213, so as to facilitate liquid and gas conduction. Specifically, this allows the spaces on the upper and lower surfaces of the pad 24 to be connected, and the gas and electrolyte generated inside the battery cell 20 can freely pass through the pad 24.
  • the embodiment of the present application is mainly described by taking the first wall 21a as the bottom wall of the housing 211 of the battery cell 20 as an example, then as shown in Figures 2 to 4, the wall of the electrical cavity 11a opposite to the first wall 21a is the third wall 1101, and the first passage 131 can be located between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101.
  • the first passage 131 can be formed in a variety of ways.
  • the battery 10 further includes: a first support member 14, the first support member 14 is disposed between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101, and the first support member 14 is used to form at least part of the first passage 131.
  • the first support member 14 between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101 can provide a supporting effect so that the third wall 1101 has better compressive strength.
  • the first support member 14 can withstand most or even all of the external pressure, thereby reducing or eliminating the influence of the external pressure on the battery cell 20 and the thermal management component 12 in the electrical cavity 11a, and improving the pressure resistance and safety performance of the battery 10.
  • the first support member 14 can also be used to form at least part of the first passage 131 of the exhaust through the battery cell 20, so that the exhaust passes through the first passage 131 to achieve directional discharge.
  • the shape and number of the first support member 14 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the first support member 14 can be a strip structure, for example, a rectangular strip or a diamond strip.
  • the strip structure is relatively easy to process and can be flexibly installed in a cavity of regular or irregular shape.
  • the one or more first support members 14 of the strip structure can be installed parallel to the long side or short side of the cuboid.
  • the first support member 14 of the embodiment of the present application can also be an annular structure, such as a circular ring structure or a square ring structure.
  • the annular first support member 14 can be applicable to a cavity of a regular shape to provide a more comprehensive support for the cavity. For example, if there is a rectangular parallelepiped space between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101, the center of the annular first support member 14 can be correspondingly set at the center of the rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the first support member 14 of the embodiment of the present application may be a hollow structure or a solid structure.
  • the first support member 14 may be a hollow structure.
  • the first support member 14 of a hollow structure itself has a smaller weight and does not add a large amount of weight to the battery 10, thereby improving the energy density of the battery 10.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the first support member 14 as a hollow structure as an example.
  • the first support member 14 may be a tubular structure.
  • the first support member 14 of the embodiment of the present application may be a tubular structure with a hollow interior, which has a large axial rigidity and a radial dimension that can adapt to the distance between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101, thereby providing good support.
  • the cross section of the tubular structure can be any polygon, for example, the number of sides of the polygon is usually greater than or equal to 4, so as to improve the stability of the tubular structure.
  • the cross section of the tubular structure can also be a circular ring, a racetrack or other shapes, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the wall thickness of the first support member 14 of the tubular structure provided in the embodiment of the present application may be between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, which can ensure the rigidity and compressive strength of the first support member 14 of the tubular structure.
  • the material of the first support member 14 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be a material with good ductility and high strength, which can buffer and withstand external pressure and has high compressive strength.
  • the material of the first support member 14 can be a metal material, such as copper, aluminum, etc.
  • the material of the first support member 14 can also be a non-metallic material with a certain strength, such as mica, ceramics, etc.
  • the first support member 14 can form at least part of the first passage 131 in a variety of ways.
  • the structure of the first support member 14 can be set so that the first support member 14 itself forms at least part of the first passage 131; or, the first support member 14 can form the first passage 131 for the discharge to pass through the cavity wall of the electrical cavity 11a; or, if there are multiple first support members 14, the first passage 131 for the discharge to pass through can also be formed between the multiple first support members 14.
  • FIG5 and FIG6 respectively show several possible cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 and FIG6 may be several possible partial cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the battery 10 shown in FIG2.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y.
  • FIG2 takes four battery cells 20 as an example, while in FIG5 and FIG6, only two battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y are used as an example for illustration.
  • the cross section shown in FIG3 is perpendicular to the second direction Y, while the cross sections shown in FIG5 and FIG6 are perpendicular to the first direction X, and the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.
  • the first direction X may be the direction in which each first support member 14 extends, or the axial direction of each first support member 14, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the first support member 14 is arranged corresponding to the area of the first wall 21a except the first pressure relief mechanism 213, so as to form at least part of the first passage 131 outside the first support member 14.
  • the first support member 14 is arranged corresponding to the area of the first wall 21a except the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 are outside the first support member 14, thereby forming at least part of the first passage 131 outside the first support member 14.
  • at least part of the first passage 131 can be formed between multiple first support members 14 or between the first support member 14 and the wall of the electrical chamber 11a, so that the emissions are discharged in a direction.
  • the first support member 14 is arranged corresponding to the area of the first wall 21a except the first pressure relief mechanism 213, so as to avoid the first support member 14 from affecting the first pressure relief mechanism 213.
  • the first support member 14 is prevented from blocking the discharge from the inside of the battery cell 20 discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213, so that it can be discharged in time. Therefore, the first support member 14 arranged in the embodiment of the present application improves the compressive strength of the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101 without affecting the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the first support member 14 abuts against the area of the first wall 21a except the first pressure relief mechanism 213.
  • the first support member 14 may directly or indirectly contact the area of the first wall 21a except the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to ensure that the first support member 14 has a good supporting effect on the first wall 21a.
  • the first support member 14 may be disposed below the first wall 21a to support the first wall 21a and the battery cell 20.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of first support members 14 arranged at intervals, and at least a portion of the first passage 131 is formed between the plurality of first support members 14. Since the battery 10 generally includes a plurality of battery cells 20, a plurality of first support members 14 may be arranged at intervals between the first walls 21a and the third wall 1101 of the plurality of battery cells 20, so that at least a portion of the first passage 131 may be formed between the plurality of first support members 14, and after the exhaust is discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213, it may be discharged between the plurality of first support members 14 to achieve directional discharge.
  • one or more first support members 14 may be provided correspondingly according to the size and position of the battery cell 20; and for a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y, the same first support member 14 may be provided correspondingly between two adjacent battery cells 20, and the extension direction of the first support member 14 is the first direction X, that is, the two rows of battery cells 20 extending along the first direction X may share the same first support member 14.
  • a smaller number of first support members 14 may be used, which is not only convenient for installation, but also can reduce the weight of the battery 10 with a good supporting effect.
  • the first support member 14 is provided with a first opening 141, and the first opening 141 is provided corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 213, so that the emissions passing through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 are discharged through the first opening 141.
  • the emissions of the battery cell 20 are discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and enter the first opening 141, and the directional discharge of the emissions can be achieved by reasonably setting the position of the first opening 141.
  • the first opening 141 may be a through hole penetrating the first support member 14 , so that the first support member 14 itself forms at least a portion of the first passage 131 .
  • the first support member 14 is a hollow structure, and the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is connected to the interior of the first support member 14 through the first opening 141, so as to form at least part of the first passage 131 inside the first support member 14.
  • the first support member 14 is a hollow structure, for example, the first support member 14 can be a tubular structure, and the first opening 141 can be a through hole that penetrates the tube wall of the first support member 14.
  • the first opening 141 is arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and will not hinder the actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism 213.
  • the first opening 141 of the first support member 14 is also convenient for receiving the discharge of the battery cell 20 discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213. After passing through the first opening 141, the discharge can be collected into the interior of the first support member 14, so that the discharge can be discharged in a directional manner, and the discharge is prevented from affecting the components in the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first opening 141 is not less than the area of the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to further enhance the good conduction effect of the first opening 141 on the exhaust and prevent the first opening 141 from blocking the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 from entering the first passage 131 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X may be provided with corresponding first support members 14 in the same strip shape, and each first support member 14 in the strip structure is provided below the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of each row of battery cells 20.
  • first support members 14 that are easy to install can be used to achieve a good supporting effect.
  • the first support member 14 abuts against the first wall 21a and/or the third wall 1101.
  • the first support member 14 can provide support for the first wall 21a and/or the third wall 1101 to improve the overall compressive strength of the first wall 21a and/or the third wall 1101, especially when the first support member 14 abuts against the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101 at the same time, the overall compressive strength of the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101 can be improved at the same time, thereby preventing external pressure from affecting components such as the battery cell 20 in the electrical cavity 11a.
  • connection surface 143 of the first support member 14 abuts against the first wall 21a and/or the third wall 1101, and the non-connection surface 144 of the first support member 14 is provided with a second opening 142 to form at least a portion of the first passage 131 outside the first support member 14.
  • connection surface 143 of the first support member 14 is a surface that contacts the first wall 21a and/or the third wall 1101, and on the contrary, the non-connection surface 144 of the first support member 14 is a surface of the first support member 14 that does not contact the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101, and the non-connection surface 144 of the first support member 14 may be provided with a second opening 142 to form at least a portion of the first passage 131 in the first support member 14 to increase the discharge path of the discharge of the battery cell 20.
  • the non-connecting surface 144 of the first support member 14 can be used to form at least a portion of the wall of the first passage 131. Then, a second opening 142 is provided on the non-connecting surface 144 to allow the gas in the exhaust in the first passage 131 to be discharged, and the area on the non-connecting surface 144 where the second opening 142 is not provided can be used to block the solids in the exhaust.
  • the second opening 142 of the first support member 14 can be used to pass the gas and/or liquid in the discharge, and the other areas of the first support member 14 can be used to block the solid in the discharge.
  • the discharge from the battery cell 20 includes but is not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative pole pieces, fragments of the separator, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the reaction, sparks, etc., and the discharge is all high-temperature substances. Among them, if the high-temperature positive and negative pole pieces, high-temperature separator fragments, sparks and other solid substances are directly discharged to the outside of the box 11 through the discharge valve, there is a great safety hazard.
  • the second opening 142 can pass the high-temperature gas and/or high-temperature liquid in the discharge, and the other areas of the first support member 14 can block the high-temperature solid in the discharge. Then the second opening 142 of the first support member 14 can filter the high-temperature solid in the discharge, block the high-temperature solid inside the first channel 131, and prevent the high-temperature solid in the discharge from being discharged and causing safety hazards, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10 and the electrical equipment in which it is located.
  • the size of the first opening 141 and/or the size of the second opening 142 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the size of the first opening 141 and the second opening 142 can be different or the same.
  • the size of the first opening 141 is larger than the size of the second opening 142, so that the first opening 141 with a larger size can smoothly pass the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and will not block the discharge of the emissions, while the second opening 142 with a smaller size can play a filtering role, that is, the second opening 142 passes the high-temperature gas and/or high-temperature liquid in the emissions, and the first support member 14 blocks the high-temperature solids in the emissions, preventing the high-temperature solids in the emissions from being discharged from the box 11 to cause safety hazards, thereby improving the safety of the battery and the electrical equipment in which it is located.
  • the shape of the first opening 141 and/or the shape of the second opening 142 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the shapes of the first opening 141 and the second opening 142 can also be the same or different.
  • the shape of the first opening 141 can be consistent with the first pressure relief mechanism 213, so that the discharge can pass smoothly and in time; and the shape of the second opening 142 is usually set to be rectangular or circular for easy processing.
  • the number of the first openings 141 and/or the number of the second openings 142 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the number of the first openings 141 and the second openings 142 can also be the same or different.
  • the number of the first openings 141 can be consistent with the corresponding first pressure relief mechanism 213, so that the first openings 141 correspond to the first pressure relief mechanism 213 one by one; and the number of the second openings 141 can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • first passage 131 is formed by the first support member 14, or at least part of the first passage 131 can also be formed by other methods, and different methods can be used independently of each other or in combination with each other, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • the gap is used to form at least a portion of the first passage 131.
  • This can reduce the sealing requirements for the electrical cavity 11a, especially the sealing requirements between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the battery 10 and improving the processing efficiency of the battery 10.
  • the first passage 131 of the embodiment of the present application can discharge the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to the electrical chamber 11a.
  • a second pressure relief mechanism 1103 can be provided on the wall of the electrical chamber 11a of the battery 10. The second pressure relief mechanism 1103 is used to discharge the emissions passing through the first passage 131 out of the electrical chamber 11a, for example, out of the box body 11, so as to avoid heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the electrical chamber 11a, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the third wall 1101 and/or the fourth wall 1102 are provided with a second pressure relief mechanism 1103, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 is used to discharge the emissions passing through the first passage 131 out of the electrical chamber 11a, and the fourth wall 1102 is a wall of the electrical chamber 11a intersecting with the third wall 1101.
  • the first passage 131 is located between the first wall 21a and the third wall 1101. If the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 is provided between the third wall 1101, the emissions in the first passage 131 can be discharged out of the electrical chamber 11a in time, avoiding the heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the electrical chamber 11a, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • each first support member 14 can extend in any direction, for example, can extend in the first direction X, so as to form at least part of the first channel 131 between the plurality of first support members 14 or inside the first support member 14, then the first channel 131 corresponding to the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is similar to the first support member 14, and will also extend in a certain direction, for example, can extend in the first direction X, then the end of the first channel 131 faces the fourth wall 1102 of the electrical cavity 11a, and the fourth wall 1102 intersects with the third wall.
  • a second pressure relief mechanism 1103 is disposed on the fourth wall 1102, and the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 is close to the end of the first passage 131, which can also achieve the purpose of quickly discharging the emissions, avoid the heat diffusion caused by the accumulation of emissions in the electrical cavity 11a, and improve the safety of the battery 10.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 of the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in a variety of ways.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 can be a part of the fourth wall 1102, or can be a separate structure from the fourth wall 1102, so as to be fixed on the fourth wall 1102 by, for example, welding.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 is a part of the fourth wall 1102, that is, the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 can be integrally formed with the fourth wall 1102, the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 can be formed by providing a notch or a groove on the fourth wall 1102, and the notch makes the thickness of the area where the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 of the fourth wall 1102 is located less than the thickness of other areas of the fourth wall 1102 except the second pressure relief mechanism 1103.
  • the fourth wall 1102 may rupture at the notch, causing the electrical cavity 11a to communicate with the outside, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the rupture of the second pressure relief mechanism 1103, thereby preventing the battery 10 from exploding.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 of the embodiment of the present application can be various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 can be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the electrical cavity 11a provided with the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 reaches a threshold value; and/or, the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 can be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the electrical cavity 11a provided with the second pressure relief mechanism 1103 reaches a threshold value.
  • the battery 10 may also be provided with a second passage 132.
  • the exhaust passage 13 includes the second passage 132, and the second passage 132 is used to discharge the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 out of the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the exhaust discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of the battery cell 20 is discharged from the electrical cavity 11b through the second passage 132.
  • the exhaust does not affect the battery cell 20 in the electrical cavity 11b, and can effectively avoid heat diffusion and short circuit of the battery cell 20 caused by the exhaust, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the exhaust of the battery cell 20 can be collected in a centralized manner to avoid the influence of the exhaust on other components.
  • the battery 10 may include both the first passage 131 and the second passage 132.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure emissions generated inside the battery cell 20 are discharged in the direction of the first pressure relief mechanism 213 provided in the battery cell 20.
  • the power and destructive force of such emissions are usually very large. Therefore, the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 can be divided into two passages for common discharge, which can speed up the discharge speed and reduce the risk of explosion of the battery 10, and can also achieve directional and dispersed discharge to avoid the impact of emissions on other components, so as to improve the safety and stability of the battery 10.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 shown in Figure 8 may be the battery 10 shown in Figure 7, and the cross section shown in Figure 8 may be a cross section of the battery 10 shown in Figure 7 that is perpendicular to the second aspect Y
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 may be an enlarged view of area A shown in Figure 8.
  • the housing 11 further includes: a collecting chamber 11 b, which is used to collect emissions from the battery cell 20 through the second passage 132 when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
  • the collecting chamber 11 b collects and/or processes emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 when the pressure relief mechanism 211 is actuated.
  • the collecting chamber 11 b can be used to collect emissions discharged through the second passage 132 when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated.
  • the collecting chamber 11 b can cool the emissions and discharge the emissions to the outside of the battery 10.
  • the collecting chamber 11b of the embodiment of the present application is used to collect the emissions of the battery cell 20, and can be sealed or unsealed.
  • the collecting chamber 11b can contain air, or other gases.
  • the collecting chamber 11b can also contain a liquid, such as a cooling medium, or a component for containing the liquid is provided to further cool the emissions entering the collecting chamber 11b.
  • the gas or liquid in the collecting chamber 11b can be circulated.
  • the electrical cavity 11a of the embodiment of the present application may be sealed or unsealed; similarly, the collecting cavity 11b of the embodiment of the present application may also be sealed or unsealed, and the implementation of the present application does not limit this.
  • the box 11 of the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in a variety of ways, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.
  • the box 11 may include a first cover body with an opening, and the first cover body is covered by the third wall 1101 to form the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the wall used to form the electrical cavity 11a includes the first cover body and the third wall 1101.
  • the wall used to form the electrical cavity 11a includes the first cover body and the third wall 1101.
  • the first cover body can also be implemented in a variety of ways.
  • the first cover body can be a hollow one-piece structure with an opening at one end.
  • the first cover body can also include a first part 111 and a second part with openings on two opposite sides, wherein the second part includes a plurality of fourth walls 1102, that is, the second part can be formed by enclosing a plurality of fourth walls 1102.
  • the first part 111 covers one side opening of the second part 112 to form a first cover body with an opening at one end.
  • the corresponding collection chamber 11b can be realized by the third wall 1101.
  • the electrical chamber 11a includes a third wall 1101 opposite to the first wall 21a, and the third wall 1101 is a hollow structure, so that at least part of the collection chamber 11b is formed inside the third wall 1101. At least part of the collection chamber 11b is formed inside the third wall 1101. Since the third wall 1101 is an integrated structure, the structure of the box body 11 can be simplified, which is convenient for installation and improves the processing efficiency of the battery 10.
  • the first sub-wall 1101a of the third wall 1101 facing the first wall 21a is provided with a first pressure relief area 1101b, the first pressure relief area 1101b is arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and the first pressure relief area 1101b is used to form at least part of the second passage 132.
  • the third wall 1101 is a hollow structure, for example, the hollow third wall 1101 can be formed by enclosing a plurality of sub-walls. Among them, the wall of the third wall 1101 facing the first wall 21a is the first sub-wall 1101a, and the first wall 21a is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 213.
  • the first sub-wall 1101a is provided with a first pressure relief area 1101b.
  • the first pressure relief area 1101b is used to allow the emissions passing through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to be discharged to the inside of the third wall 1101 through the first pressure relief area 1101b when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, that is, discharged into the collecting chamber 11b, thereby avoiding the emissions from damaging other battery cells 20 in the electrical chamber 11a, avoiding heat diffusion, and improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the first pressure relief area 1101b can be realized in a variety of ways.
  • the first pressure relief area 1101b is a first through hole that runs through the thickness direction of the first sub-wall 1101a, and the second passage 132 includes the first through hole.
  • Setting the first pressure relief area 1101b as the first through hole is convenient for processing on the one hand, and on the other hand, the first through hole can provide a deformation space for the actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the exhaust is quickly discharged to the collection chamber 11b inside the third wall 1101, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust and thus improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the first pressure relief area 1101b is a first weak area on the first sub-wall 1101a, and the first weak area is used to be destroyed when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated to form at least part of the second passage 132. If the first pressure relief area 1101b is set as the first weak area, the first weak area can be destroyed when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, so that the discharge passes through the first weak area and enters the collection chamber 11b inside the third wall 1101. In this way, when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is not actuated, for example, during normal use of the battery 10, the first weak area can make the third wall 1101 in a relatively sealed state, which can effectively protect the first pressure relief mechanism 213 from being damaged by external forces and becoming ineffective.
  • the strength of the first weak area is less than the strength of other areas of the first sub-wall 1101a except the first pressure relief area 1101b, so the first weak area is easily destroyed, so that the emissions from the battery cell 20 provided with the first pressure relief mechanism 213 can pass through the first weak area and be discharged from the electrical cavity 11a. For example, it can pass through the first weak area and enter the collection cavity 11b inside the third wall 1101.
  • the first weak zone of the first sub-wall 1101a can be realized in a variety of ways.
  • the first sub-wall 1101a is provided with a groove arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism 213, the groove is recessed in a direction away from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to provide a deformation space for the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and the bottom wall of the groove can form the first weak zone.
  • the first weak area can be formed in the first sub-wall 1101a as the first pressure relief area 1101b by other means, for example, notches are provided on the first sub-wall 1101a to form the first weak area, etc., and the present application does not make any specific limitation on this.
  • the second sub-wall 1101c of the third wall 1101 is provided with a third pressure relief mechanism 1104, and the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 is used to discharge the emissions passing through the second passage 132 into the collection chamber 11b, and the second sub-wall 1101c is different from the first sub-wall 1101a.
  • the third wall 1101 may include a second sub-wall 1101c different from the first sub-wall 1101a, for example, the second sub-wall 1101c may be a wall intersecting or opposite to the first sub-wall 1101a.
  • a third pressure relief mechanism 1104 is provided on the second sub-wall 1101c, so that when the internal pressure or temperature of the collecting chamber 11b inside the third wall 1101 reaches a threshold value, the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 is actuated to discharge the internal pressure or temperature of the collecting chamber 11b, thereby timely discharging the emissions in the collecting chamber 11b out of the box body 11; and, the second sub-wall 1101c is different from the first sub-wall 1101a, so the emissions will not pass through the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 again to enter the electrical chamber 11a, thereby avoiding influence on the internal components of the electrical chamber 11a, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 of the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in a variety of ways.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 can be a part of the second sub-wall 1101c, or it can be a split structure with the second sub-wall 1101c, so as to be fixed on the second sub-wall 1101c by, for example, welding.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 is a part of the second sub-wall 1101c, that is, the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 can be integrally formed with the second sub-wall 1101c, the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 can be formed by providing a notch or groove on the second sub-wall 1101c, and the notch makes the thickness of the area where the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 of the second sub-wall 1101c is located less than the thickness of other areas of the second sub-wall 1101c except the third pressure relief mechanism 1104.
  • the second sub-wall 1101c may rupture at the notch, causing the collecting chamber 11b to communicate with the outside, and the gas pressure and temperature are released outward through the rupture of the third pressure relief mechanism 1104, thereby preventing the battery 10 from exploding.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 of the embodiment of the present application can be various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 can be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the collection chamber 11b provided with the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 reaches a threshold value; and/or the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 can be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the collection chamber 11b provided with the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 reaches a threshold value.
  • FIG10 shows another cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application, and the cross section shown in FIG10 is perpendicular to the second direction Y.
  • the cross section shown in FIG10 can be consistent with the direction of the cross sections shown in FIG8 and FIG9.
  • the electrical chamber 11a includes a fourth wall 1102 intersecting with the third wall 1101, and the fourth wall 1102 is a hollow structure and communicates with the interior of the third wall 1101, so that the interior of the third wall 1101 and the interior of the fourth wall 1102 form at least part of the collecting chamber 11b.
  • FIG. 10 Comparing FIG. 10 with FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 , it can be seen that the interior of the third wall 1101 in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 is used to form the collecting chamber 11b, and the third wall 1101 intersects with the fourth wall 1102, but the interior is not communicated; while the interior of the fourth wall 1102 in FIG.
  • the collecting chamber 11b is a hollow structure, and the interior of the third wall 1101 and the interior of the fourth wall 1102 are communicated, which expands the range of the collecting chamber 11b compared to the embodiments of FIG. 7 to FIG. 9 , and also extends the range of the second passage 132, so that the collecting chamber 11b can accommodate more emissions, which is also conducive to cooling the internal emissions, improving the emission efficiency of the emissions, and thus improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the third sub-wall 1102a of the fourth wall 1102 away from the electrical chamber 11a is provided with a fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105, and the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 is used to discharge the emissions passing through the second passage 132 into the collection chamber 11b.
  • the third pressure relief mechanism 1104 can be provided on the second sub-wall 1101c; or, the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 can also be provided on the third sub-wall 1102a, which is the wall of the fourth wall 1102 away from the electrical chamber 11a.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature of the collecting chamber 11b, thereby promptly discharging the emissions in the collecting chamber 11b out of the box body 11; and, the third sub-wall 1102a is away from the electrical chamber 11a, so the emissions will not pass through the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 again to enter the electrical chamber 11a, thereby avoiding affecting the internal components of the electrical chamber 11a and improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 of the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in a variety of ways.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 can be a part of the third sub-wall 1102a, or can be a separate structure from the third sub-wall 1102a, and can be fixed on the third sub-wall 1102a by, for example, welding.
  • welding For the sake of brevity, it will not be described here.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 of the embodiment of the present application can be various possible pressure relief structures, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 can be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to melt when the internal temperature of the collection chamber 11b provided with the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 reaches a threshold value; and/or, the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 can be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism, which is configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the collection chamber 11b provided with the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 reaches a threshold value.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present application, for example, the battery 10 described in FIG. 12 can be the battery 10 shown in FIG. 11, and the cross section shown in FIG. 12 is perpendicular to the second direction Y
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of a battery 10 according to another embodiment of the present application, for example, FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of area B in FIG. 12.
  • the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: an isolation component 15, attached to the first wall 21a, and the isolation component 15 is used to isolate the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b.
  • the so-called “isolation” here refers to separation, which may not be sealed.
  • the isolation component 15 is used to isolate the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b, that is, the electrical cavity 11a for accommodating the battery cell 20 and the thermal management component 12 and the collection cavity 11b for collecting emissions are spatially separated from each other to avoid mutual influence between the two.
  • the isolation component 15 includes a wall shared by the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b. As shown in Figures 11 to 13, at least part of the isolation component 15 can directly serve as a wall shared by the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b, so that the distance between the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b can be reduced as much as possible, saving space and improving the space utilization rate of the box body 11.
  • the isolation component 15 of the embodiment of the present application may also be a thermal management component, which is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20.
  • the isolation component 15 may be used to contain a fluid or a solid-liquid phase change material to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20.
  • the isolation component 15 may contain a cooling medium to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20.
  • the isolation component 15 may also be called a cooling component, a cooling system, a cooling plate, etc.
  • the isolation of the electrical cavity 11a and the collection cavity 11b by the isolation component 15 in the embodiment of the present application can be achieved in a variety of ways.
  • the box body 11 may include a first cover body with an opening, and the isolation component 15 covers the opening of the first cover body to form the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the wall used to form the electrical cavity 11a includes the first cover body and the isolation component 15.
  • the first cover body can also be implemented in a variety of ways.
  • the first cover body can be a hollow integrated structure with an opening at one end; or, the first cover body can also include a first part 111 and a second part 112 with openings on two opposite sides, the first part 111 covers one side opening of the second part 112 to form a first cover body with an opening at one end, and the isolation component 15 covers the other side opening of the second part 112 to form the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the box 11 further comprises a protective member 113, which is used to form the collection chamber 11b with the isolation member 15.
  • the protective member 113 can also be used to protect the isolation member 15, that is, the wall of the collection chamber 11b includes the protective member 113 and the isolation member 15.
  • the box body 11 may also include a closed second cover body, which may be used to form the electrical chamber 11a, or, by setting the isolation component 13 inside the second cover body, the electrical chamber 11a is isolated from the inside of the second cover body, and further, the collection chamber 11b may also be isolated.
  • the second cover body may also be implemented in a variety of ways, for example, the second cover body may include a third part and a fourth part, one side of the fourth part has an opening to form a semi-enclosed structure, the isolation component 13 is set inside the fourth part, and the third part covers the opening of the fourth part, thereby forming a closed second cover body.
  • the isolation component 15 is provided with a second pressure relief area 151, and the second pressure relief area 151 is used to form at least part of the second passage 132.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of the battery cell 20 is actuated, the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 can pass through the second pressure relief area 151 and enter the collection chamber 11b, thereby preventing the emissions from damaging other battery cells 20 in the electrical chamber 11a, avoiding heat diffusion, and improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the second pressure relief area 151 can be implemented in a variety of ways.
  • the second pressure relief area 151 is a second through hole that runs through the thickness direction of the isolation component 15, and the second passage 132 includes the second through hole.
  • Setting the second pressure relief area 151 as a second through hole is convenient for processing on the one hand, and on the other hand, the second through hole can provide a deformation space for the actuation of the second pressure relief area 151, and when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, the exhaust is quickly discharged to the collection chamber 11b through the second through hole, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the second pressure relief area 151 is a second weak area, and the second weak area is used to be destroyed when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated to form at least part of the second passage 132. If the second pressure relief area 151 is set as the second weak area, the second weak area can be destroyed when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is actuated, so that the discharge passes through the second weak area and enters the collection chamber 11b. In this way, when the first pressure relief mechanism 213 is not actuated, for example, during the normal use of the battery 10, the second weak area can make the collection chamber 11b in a relatively sealed state, and can effectively protect the first pressure relief mechanism 213 from being damaged by external forces and failing.
  • the strength of the second weak area is less than the strength of other areas of the isolation component 15 except the second pressure relief area 151, so the second weak area is easy to be destroyed, so that the discharge from the battery cell 20 provided with the first pressure relief mechanism 213 passes through the second weak area to discharge the electrical chamber 11a, for example, can pass through the second weak area and enter the collection chamber 11b.
  • the second weak zone of the isolation component 15 can be realized in a variety of ways.
  • the isolation component 15 is provided with a groove opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism 213, the groove is recessed in a direction away from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 to provide a deformation space for the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and the bottom wall of the groove can form the second weak zone.
  • a second weak area may be formed on the isolation component 15 as the second pressure relief area 151 by other means, for example, notches are provided on the isolation component 15 to form the second weak area, etc., and the present application does not make any specific limitation on this.
  • a second support member 16 may be arranged in the collection chamber 11b of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 10 further includes: a second support member 16, which is arranged in the collection chamber 11b, and the second support member 16 is used to improve the compressive strength of the collection chamber 11b.
  • the second support member 16 is arranged in the collection chamber 11b, and the collection chamber 11b may refer to the collection chamber 11b in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 10 above, for example, it may refer to the collection chamber 11b formed by the hollow third wall 1101; or, the collection chamber 11b may also refer to the collection chamber 11b in the embodiments shown in Figures 11 to 13, that is, the collection chamber 11b isolated by the isolation component 14, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the following mainly describes the collection chamber 11b in the embodiments shown in Figures 11 to 13 as an example, but the relevant description is also applicable to the collection chamber 11b in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 10.
  • the first sub-wall 1101a of the third wall 1101 can correspond to the isolation part 15.
  • the isolation part 15 For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.
  • a second support member 16 is arranged in the collecting chamber 11b. Compared with the collecting chamber 11b with a hollow structure, since the second support member 16 provides support in the collecting chamber 11b, the collecting chamber 11b provided with the second support member 16 has better compressive strength. In other words, when external pressure acts on the battery 10, the collecting chamber 11b provided with the second support member 16 can withstand most or even all of the external pressure, thereby reducing or eliminating the influence of the external pressure on components such as the battery cell 20 and the thermal management component 12 in the electrical chamber 11a, thereby improving the pressure resistance and safety performance of the battery 10.
  • the battery 10 can be installed on the chassis of an electric vehicle and provide power for the driving of the electric vehicle.
  • the collection chamber 11b of the battery 10 is facing the chassis of the electric vehicle relative to the electrical chamber 11a.
  • the electric vehicle may be subject to adverse conditions such as bumps and flying stones during driving, which will cause impacts and bottom ball hits on the chassis of the electric vehicle and even the battery 10 installed on the chassis.
  • the second support member 16 in the collection chamber 11b can provide good anti-impact and anti-bottom ball hit functions, reduce or eliminate the impact of adverse conditions encountered by the electric vehicle during driving on the battery 10, enhance the pressure resistance and safety performance of the battery 10, and further improve the safety performance of the electric vehicle.
  • the second support member 16 can also be used to form at least part of the second passage 132 to extend the discharge path of the emissions in the collection chamber 11b, reduce the temperature of the emissions after being discharged from the box body 11, and further improve the safety performance of the battery 10 and the electrical equipment in which it is located.
  • the shape, quantity, size, material and other parameters of the second support member 16 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly configured according to the actual application.
  • the description of the above parameters of the first support member 14 is applicable to the second support member 16, and for the sake of brevity, it is not repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application is mainly described by taking the strip-shaped second support member 16 as shown in Figures 11 to 13 as an example.
  • the second support member 16 can form at least part of the second passage 132 in a variety of ways.
  • the second support member 16 can be structured so that the second support member 16 itself forms at least part of the second passage 132; or, the second support member 16 can form the second passage 132 for the discharge to pass through the cavity wall of the collection cavity 11b; or, if there are multiple second support members 16, the multiple second support members 16 can also form the second passage 132 for the discharge to pass through.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 respectively show several possible cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 may be several possible partial cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the battery 10 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along the second direction Y.
  • FIG. 11 takes four battery cells 20 as an example, while in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, only two battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y are taken as an example for illustration.
  • the cross section shown in FIG. 12 is perpendicular to the second direction Y, while the cross sections shown in FIG. 14 and FIG.
  • first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.
  • first direction X may be the direction in which each second support member 16 extends, or the axial direction of each second support member 16, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the second support member 16 is arranged corresponding to the area of the isolation member 15 except the second pressure relief area 151, so as to form at least part of the second passage 132 outside the second support member 16.
  • the second support member 16 is arranged corresponding to the area of the isolation member 15 except the second pressure relief area 151, and the emissions discharged from the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and the second pressure relief area 151 in sequence are discharged to the outside of the second support member 16, thereby forming at least part of the second passage 132 outside the second support member 16.
  • at least part of the second passage 132 can be formed between multiple second support members 16 or between the second support member 16 and the wall of the collection chamber 11b, so that the emissions are discharged in a direction.
  • the second support member 16 is arranged corresponding to the area of the isolation component 15 except the second pressure relief area 151, so as to avoid the second support member 16 from affecting the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and the second pressure relief area 151.
  • the second support member 16 blocks the discharge from the inside of the battery cell 20 discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and the second pressure relief area 151, so that the discharge can be discharged from the electrical cavity 11a in time and collected by the collection cavity 11. Therefore, the second support member 16 arranged based on the embodiment of the present application improves the compressive strength of the collection cavity 11b without affecting the safety performance of the battery cell 20.
  • the second support member 16 abuts against the area of the isolation member 15 other than the second pressure relief area 151.
  • the second support member 16 may directly or indirectly contact the area of the isolation member 15 other than the second pressure relief area 151 to ensure that the second support member 16 has a good supporting effect on the collection chamber 11b.
  • the second support member 16 may be disposed below the isolation member 15 to support the isolation member 15 and the battery cell 20 located on the other side of the isolation member 15.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of second support members 16 disposed at intervals, and at least a portion of the second passage 132 is formed between the plurality of second support members 16. Since the battery 10 generally includes a plurality of battery cells 20, a plurality of second support members 16 may be disposed at intervals in the corresponding regions of the collecting chamber 11 b to the plurality of battery cells 20, so that at least a portion of the second passage 132 may be formed between the plurality of second support members 16, and after the exhaust is discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and the second pressure relief region 151, it may be discharged between the plurality of second support members 16 to achieve directional discharge.
  • one or more second support members 16 may be provided correspondingly according to the size and position of the battery cell 20; and for a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the second direction Y, the same second support member 16 may be provided correspondingly between two adjacent battery cells 20, and the extension direction of the second support member 16 is the first direction X, that is, the two rows of battery cells 20 extending along the first direction X may share the same second support member 16.
  • the second support member 16 correspondingly between two adjacent rows of battery cells 20
  • a smaller number of second support members 16 may be used, which is not only convenient for installation, but also can reduce the weight of the battery 10 with a good supporting effect.
  • the second support member 16 is provided with a third opening 161, and the third opening 161 is provided corresponding to the second pressure relief area 151, so that the emissions passing through the second pressure relief area 151 are discharged through the third opening 161.
  • the emissions of the battery cell 20 are discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and the second pressure relief area 151 and enter the third opening 161, and the directional discharge of the emissions can be achieved by reasonably setting the position of the third opening 161.
  • the third opening 161 may be a through hole penetrating the second support member 16 , so that the second support member 16 itself forms at least a portion of the second passage 132 .
  • the second support member 16 is a hollow structure, and the second pressure relief area 151 is connected to the interior of the second support member 16 through the third opening 161, so as to form at least part of the second passage 132 inside the second support member 16.
  • the second support member 16 is a hollow structure, for example, the second support member 16 can be a tubular structure, and the third opening 161 can be a through hole that penetrates the tube wall of the second support member 16, for example, the third opening 161 can penetrate the tube wall of the second support member 16 close to the isolation component 15.
  • the third opening 161 is arranged opposite to the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and also opposite to the second pressure relief area 151, and will not hinder the actuation of the first pressure relief mechanism 213, nor will it hinder the discharge from passing through the second pressure relief area 151.
  • the third opening 161 of the second support member 16 is also convenient for receiving the emissions of the battery cells 20 discharged sequentially through the first pressure relief mechanism 213 and the second pressure relief area 151.
  • the emissions can be collected into the interior of the second support member 16 after passing through the third opening 161.
  • the third opening 161 and the second support member 16 can be used for at least part of the second passage 132, so that the emissions can be discharged in a direction to prevent the emissions from affecting the components in the electrical cavity 11a.
  • the cross-sectional area of the third opening 161 is not less than the area of the second pressure relief area 151 to further enhance the good conduction effect of the third opening 161 on the exhaust and prevent the third opening 161 from blocking the exhaust discharged from the second pressure relief area 151 from entering the second passage 132 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 20 arranged along the first direction X may be provided with corresponding second support members 16 in the same strip shape.
  • the second support members 16 in each strip structure are provided below the first pressure relief mechanism 213 of each row of battery cells 20, and are also provided below the plurality of second pressure relief areas 151 of the isolation member 15 arranged along the first direction X.
  • a smaller number of second support members 16 that are easy to install can be used to achieve a good supporting effect.
  • the second support member 16 abuts against the isolation member 15 and/or the protective member 113.
  • the second support member 16 can provide support for the isolation member 15 and/or the protective member 113 to improve the overall compressive strength of the isolation member 15 and/or the protective member 113.
  • the overall compressive strength of the isolation member 15 and/or the protective member 113 can be improved at the same time, thereby preventing the external pressure from affecting the collection chamber 11b, and also preventing the external pressure from affecting the battery cell 20 and other components in the electrical chamber 11a.
  • connection surface 163 of the second support member 16 abuts against the isolation member 15 and/or the protective member 113, and the non-connection surface 164 of the second support member 16 is provided with a fourth opening 162 to form at least a portion of the second passage 132 outside the second support member 16.
  • connection surface 163 of the second support member 16 is a surface that contacts the isolation member 15 and/or the protective member 113
  • the non-connection surface 164 of the second support member 16 is a surface of the second support member 16 that does not contact the isolation member 15 and the protective member 113
  • the non-connection surface 164 of the second support member 16 may be provided with a fourth opening 162 to form at least a portion of the second passage 132 in the second support member 16 to increase the discharge path of the discharge of the battery cell 20.
  • the non-connecting surface 164 of the second support member 16 can be used to form at least a portion of the wall of the second passage 132. Then, a fourth opening 162 is provided on the non-connecting surface 164 of the second support member 16 to allow the gas in the exhaust in the second passage 132 to be discharged, and the area on the non-connecting surface 164 of the second support member 16 where the fourth opening 162 is not provided can be used to block solids in the exhaust.
  • the fourth opening 162 of the second support member 16 can be used to pass the gas and/or liquid in the discharge, while other areas of the second support member 16 can be used to block the solid in the discharge.
  • the discharge from the battery cell 20 includes but is not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative pole pieces, fragments of the isolation membrane, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the reaction, sparks, etc., and the discharge is all high-temperature substances. Among them, if the high-temperature positive and negative pole pieces, high-temperature isolation membrane fragments, sparks and other solid substances are directly discharged to the outside of the box 11 through the discharge valve, there is a great safety hazard.
  • the fourth opening 162 can pass the high-temperature gas and/or high-temperature liquid in the discharge, and other areas of the second support member 16 can block the high-temperature solid in the discharge. Then the fourth opening 162 of the second support member 16 can filter the high-temperature solid in the discharge, block the high-temperature solid inside the second channel 132, prevent the high-temperature solid in the discharge from being discharged and causing safety hazards, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10 and the electrical equipment in which it is located.
  • the size of the third opening 161 and/or the size of the fourth opening 162 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the size of the third opening 161 and the fourth opening 162 can be different or the same.
  • the size of the third opening 161 is larger than the size of the fourth opening 162, so that the third opening 161 with a larger size can smoothly pass the emissions discharged through the first pressure relief mechanism 213, and will not block the discharge of the emissions, while the fourth opening 162 with a smaller size can play a filtering role, that is, the fourth opening 162 passes the high-temperature gas and/or high-temperature liquid in the emissions, and the second support member 16 blocks the high-temperature solids in the emissions, preventing the high-temperature solids in the emissions from being discharged from the box 11 to cause safety hazards, thereby improving the safety of the battery and the electrical equipment in which it is located.
  • the shape of the third opening 161 and/or the shape of the fourth opening 162 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the shapes of the third opening 161 and the fourth opening 162 can also be the same or different.
  • the shape of the third opening 161 can be consistent with the second pressure relief area 151, so that the discharge can pass smoothly and in time; and the shape of the fourth opening 162 is usually set to be rectangular or circular for easy processing.
  • the number of the third openings 161 and/or the number of the fourth openings 162 of the embodiment of the present application can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the number of the third openings 161 and the fourth openings 162 can also be the same or different.
  • the number of the third openings 161 can be consistent with the corresponding first pressure relief mechanism 213 or second pressure relief area 151, so that the third openings 161 correspond one-to-one with the first pressure relief mechanism 213, or one-to-one with the second pressure relief area 151; and the number of the second openings 141 can be flexibly set according to the actual application.
  • the collection chamber 11b isolated by the isolation component 15 can be expanded to further improve the emission efficiency of the emission of the emission.
  • the electrical chamber 11a includes a fourth wall 1102 intersecting with the isolation component 15, and the fourth wall 1102 is a hollow structure so that the interior of the fourth wall 1102 forms at least part of the collection chamber 11b.
  • the space between the isolation component 15 and the protective member 113 can be used to form at least part of the collection chamber 11b.
  • the fourth wall 1102 can be set as a hollow structure so that the interior of the fourth wall 1102 is connected to the collection chamber 11b between the isolation component 15 and the protective member 113, thereby expanding the range of the collection chamber 11b, and thus extending the range of the second passage 132, so that the collection chamber 11b can accommodate more emissions, which is also conducive to cooling the internal emissions, improving the emission efficiency of the emissions, and thus improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the fourth sub-wall 1102a of the fourth wall 1102 away from the electrical chamber 11a is provided with a fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105, and the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 is used to discharge the emissions passing through the second passage 132 into the collection chamber 11b.
  • the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 provided on the third sub-wall 1102a is actuated to discharge the internal pressure or temperature of the collection chamber 11b, thereby timely discharging the emissions in the collection chamber 11b out of the box body 11, wherein the third sub-wall 1102a is the wall of the fourth wall 1102 away from the electrical chamber 11a.
  • the emissions will not enter the electrical chamber 11a through the fourth pressure relief mechanism 1105 again, thereby avoiding the impact on the components inside the electrical chamber 11a, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • thermal management component 12 of the embodiment of the present application may be attached to the second wall 21 b of the battery cell 20 , and the second wall 21 b may be any wall of the battery cell 20 .
  • FIG. 16 shows a partial schematic diagram of the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 may be a partial enlarged view of the local area C of the battery 10 shown in FIG. 2, or FIG. 16 may also be a partial enlarged view of the local area D of the battery 10 shown in FIG. 7, or FIG. 16 may also be a partial enlarged view of the local area E of the battery 10 shown in FIG. 11.
  • the second wall 21b is the wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20, so as to increase the contact area between the thermal management component 12 and the battery cell 20, so as to better adjust the temperature of the battery cell 20, so as to improve the efficiency of heating or cooling.
  • the battery cell 20 may include a plurality of walls of equal area.
  • the housing 21 of the battery cell 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped
  • the battery cell 20 includes two walls of equal area and the largest area arranged opposite to each other, and the second wall 21b may be any one of the walls.
  • the embodiment of the present application is mainly described below by taking the second wall 21b as any wall with the largest area of the battery cell 20 as an example.
  • the battery 10 includes multiple columns of battery cells 20 arranged along a first direction, each column of battery cells 20 in the multiple columns of battery cells 20 includes at least one battery cell 20 arranged along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the second wall 21b.
  • the multiple battery cells 20 in the battery 10 are arranged in an array, which facilitates the assembly of the battery 10 and can also improve the space utilization of the multiple battery cells 20 inside the battery 10.
  • the first direction X is perpendicular to the second wall 21b, when the thermal management component 12 is attached to the second wall 21b, the first direction X is also perpendicular to the thermal management component 12.
  • the thermal management component 12 is attached to the second wall 21b of at least one battery cell 20 of at least one column of battery cells 20 in the multiple columns of battery cells 20.
  • at least one battery cell 20 in at least one column of battery cells 20 is provided with a thermal management component 12, and the thermal management component 12 can adjust the temperature of at least one attached battery cell 20.
  • there is at least one thermal management component 12 in the battery 10 and each thermal management component 12 can adjust the temperature of at least one battery cell 20.
  • the battery cell 20 includes two second walls 21b arranged oppositely along the first direction, and at least one column of battery cells 20 in the multiple columns of battery cells 20 is provided with a thermal management component 12 attached to the two second walls 21b of at least one battery cell 20 on both sides along the first direction.
  • the two thermal management components 12 can adjust the temperature for the column of battery cells 20 at the same time, which can improve the temperature adjustment efficiency and improve the safety of the battery 10. For example, if two thermal management components 12 are provided for each column of battery cells 20 in the battery 10, the temperature regulation efficiency can be greatly improved. For example, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, the temperature can be cooled more effectively to avoid heat diffusion, thereby improving the safety of the battery 10.
  • the same thermal management component 12 is arranged between at least two adjacent columns of battery cells 20 in the multiple columns of battery cells 20.
  • the same thermal management component 12 is arranged between the two columns of battery cells 20, so as to facilitate the processing and assembly of the battery 10.
  • the same thermal management component 12 is arranged between the two adjacent columns of battery cells 20; and there may also be some battery cells 20 that satisfy: no thermal management component 12 is arranged between the two adjacent columns of battery cells 20, thereby improving the space utilization rate in the battery 10.
  • a thermal management component 12 may also be arranged between each two adjacent columns of battery cells 20 in the multiple columns of battery cells 20, so that each battery cell 20 corresponds to at least two thermal management components 12, thereby improving the temperature regulation effect.
  • the number of thermal management components 12 in the battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application can be set according to actual applications.
  • the number of thermal management components 12 in the battery 10 can be selected according to the size and number of battery cells 20.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of thermal management components 12 arranged along the first direction X. Increasing the number of the thermal management components 12 can improve the temperature regulation efficiency.
  • multiple thermal management components 12 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X so that at least one battery cell 20 is arranged between two adjacent thermal management components 12, avoiding the existence of multiple thermal management components 12 being attached to each other. In this way, the space utilization of the battery 10 is improved, and the temperature regulation efficiency can also be improved.
  • the thermal management component 12 is provided with a heat exchange channel for accommodating a heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange channels of multiple thermal management components 12 are interconnected. In this way, multiple thermal management components 12 are interconnected.
  • it is convenient for management and control, and improves the integration and safety of the battery 10; on the other hand, when the temperature of some thermal management components 12 in the battery 10 changes greatly, heat exchange can be achieved through the heat exchange channel, so that the temperature difference between the multiple thermal management components 12 is small, and the temperature regulation efficiency is improved.
  • each thermal management component 12 can also be provided with multiple heat exchange channels, and the multiple heat exchange channels are arranged at intervals along the height direction Z to increase the heat exchange area between the thermal management component 12 and the battery cell 20 and improve the temperature regulation efficiency.
  • the contact area between each thermal management component 12 and the second wall 21b of the battery cell 20 in the embodiment of the present application can be set according to the actual application.
  • the contact area refers to the area of the region where the thermal management component 12 and the second wall 21b of the battery cell 20 perform heat exchange.
  • the contact here can refer to direct contact between the thermal management component 12 and the second wall 21b, or indirect contact between the thermal management component 12 and the second wall 21b through thermal conductive glue, thermal conductive pads, etc.
  • the ratio of the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 along the first direction X to the area ratio S is in the range of [0.5mm, 200mm], and the area ratio S is the ratio of the area of the second wall 21b that contacts the thermal management component 12 to the area of the second wall 21b.
  • FIG17 shows a schematic diagram of any column of battery cells 20 and the corresponding thermal management component 12 of the battery 10 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the column of battery cells 20 in FIG17 may be any column of battery cells 20 included in the battery 10 shown in FIG2 , the battery 10 shown in FIG7 , or the battery 10 shown in FIG11 .
  • FIG18 shows a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery 10 according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG18 may be a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery 10 along the F-F’ direction described in FIG17 .
  • each thermal management component 12 may correspond to a plurality of battery cells 20, for the sake of convenience of description, as shown in FIG17 and FIG18 , the embodiment of the present application takes any thermal management component 12 as an example, and takes any battery cell 20 in contact with the thermal management component 12 as an example for description.
  • the thermal management component 12 of the embodiment of the present application may include at least a partial area in contact with the second wall 21b, that is, the thermal management component 12 may include a partial area that is not in contact with the second wall 21b.
  • the height H1 of the second wall 21b may be greater than, equal to, or less than the height H2 of the thermal management component 12, and the height H3 of the area in contact with the second wall 21b of the thermal management component 12 may be less than or equal to the height H1 of the second wall 21b, and the height H3 of the area in contact with the second wall 21b of the thermal management component 12 may be less than or equal to the height H2 of the thermal management component 12.
  • the area of the second wall 21b can be greater than, equal to, or smaller than the area of the thermal management component 12, and the area of the region where the thermal management component 12 contacts the second wall 21b can be smaller than or equal to the area of the second wall 21b, and the area of the region where the thermal management component 12 contacts the second wall 21b can be smaller than or equal to the area of the thermal management component 12, so that at least a portion of the thermal management component 12 contacts at least a portion of the second wall 21b.
  • the thermal management component 12 may correspond to a plurality of battery cells 20, the area of the thermal management component 12 in the above text represents the area of the thermal management component 12 corresponding to one battery cell 20.
  • the thermal management component 12 may correspond to six battery cells 20, and the area of the thermal management component 12 in the above text represents: the total area of the surface of the second wall 21 b of the thermal management component 12 facing the battery cell 20 divided by six, that is, the area of the thermal management component 12 corresponding to one battery cell 20.
  • the value range of the area ratio S in the embodiment of the present application can be set to [0.1, 1], so that at least part of the area of the heat management component 12 is in contact with the second wall 21b.
  • the larger the area ratio S the better the temperature regulation effect.
  • the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 of the embodiment of the present application may refer to the average thickness of the thermal management component 12, or may refer to the average thickness of the area of the thermal management component 12 corresponding to or in contact with the second wall 21b of the battery cell 20, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the thermal management component 12 of the embodiment of the present application is generally a plate-like structure with uniform thickness.
  • the value range of the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 of the embodiment of the present application can generally be set to [0.5mm, 20mm]. If the thickness D is set too small, the thermal management component 12 is difficult to process, and the strength is too small, so it is easy to break during assembly, which reduces the processing efficiency of the battery 10. On the contrary, if the thickness D is set too large, the thermal management component 12 occupies a large space, which reduces the space utilization of the battery 10, and also reduces the energy density of the battery 10. Therefore, the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 should not be set too large or too small.
  • D/S in the embodiment of the present application should not be set too large or too small. If D/S is set too small, if the area ratio S is a certain value, the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 will be too small, the thermal management component 12 will be difficult to process, and the strength is too small, so it is easy to break during assembly, which reduces the processing efficiency of the battery 10.
  • the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 may be large, and the thermal management component 12 occupies a large space, which reduces the space utilization of the battery 10, and also reduces the energy density of the battery 10, and may also affect the power demand of the battery 10; on the other hand, the area ratio S may be too small, that is, the contact area between the thermal management component 12 and the second wall 21b of the battery cell 20 is too small, which will lead to poor efficiency of temperature regulation.
  • the value range of the ratio of the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 to the area ratio S in the embodiment of the present application can generally be set to [0.5mm, 200mm].
  • the ratio of the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 to the area ratio S can be equal to 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, 120mm, 140mm, 160mm, 180mm or 200mm.
  • the ratio of the thickness D of the thermal management component 12 to the area ratio S can also be set to other values, for example, the value range of the ratio can be set to [0.5mm, 4mm] or [1mm, 4mm].

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池和用电设备。该电池包括：电池单体，该电池单体的第一壁设置有第一泄压机构；热管理部件，用于调节该电池单体的温度，该热管理部件附接于该电池单体的第二壁，该第二壁与该第一壁不同，且该第二壁的面积大于或等于该第一壁的面积；排放通路，被配置为在该第一泄压机构致动时，能够经由该第一泄压机构与该电池单体的内部相连通，以使该电池单体的排放物排出至该排放通路。本申请实施例的电池和用电设备，能够提高电池的安全性。

Description

电池和用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池和用电设备。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键。在这种情况下，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。而对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的性能外，安全问题也是一个不可忽视的问题。如果电池的安全问题不能保证，那该电池就无法使用。因此，如何增强电池的安全性，是电池技术中一个亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种电池和用电设备，能够提高电池的安全性。
第一方面，提供了一种电池，该电池包括：电池单体，该电池单体的第一壁设置有第一泄压机构；热管理部件，用于调节该电池单体的温度，该热管理部件附接于该电池单体的第二壁，该第二壁与该第一壁不同，且该第二壁的面积大于或等于该第一壁的面积；排放通路，被配置为在该第一泄压机构致动时，能够经由该第一泄压机构与该电池单体的内部相连通，以使该电池单体的排放物排出至该排放通路。
在本申请实施例中，将热管理部件附接于电池单体未设置第一泄压机构的第二壁，并且热管理部件与电池单体的接触面积较大，在电池单体正常工作的情况下，对电池单体温度调节的效果比较显著。此外，由于热管理部件附接的第二壁不是电池单体设置第一泄压机构的第一壁，这样，当电池单体发生热失控时，经该第一泄压机构排出的电池单体的排放物会向远离该热管理部件的方向排放，因此，排放物不易冲破该热管理部件，该热管理部件可以为发生热失控的电池单体降温，避免热扩散，增强了电池的安全性。
另外，该电池还包括排放通路，在第一泄压机构致动时，该排放通路可以经过该第一泄压机构与电池单体的内部连通，这样，电池单体内部的排放物可以经过第一泄压机构排出至该排放通路，避免排放物在电池单体内堆积引起的热扩散，从而提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该电池还包括：箱体，该箱体包括电气腔，该电气腔用于容纳该电池单体和该热管理部件。本申请实施例的箱体的电气腔用于容纳至少一个电池单体和至少一个热管理部件，即电气腔提供了电池单体和热管理部件的安装空间，提 高了电池的集成性。
在一些实施例中，该排放通路包括第一通路，该第一通路用于将从该第一泄压机构排出的排放物排向该电气腔。由于电池单体设置在电气腔内，经过电池单体的第一泄压机构排出的排放物经过该第一通路直接排向该电池单体所在的电气腔，则可以无需额外设置其他结构而将排放物排出电气腔，使得箱体的结构更加简单，易于实现。
在一些实施例中，该电气腔包括与该第一壁相对的第三壁，该第一通路的至少部分位于该第一壁和该第三壁之间。电池单体的第一壁设置有第一泄压机构，在该第一壁与第三壁之间设置第一通路，可以使得经过第一泄压机构排出的排放物直接进入该第一通路，这样，通过设置第一通路，可以达到定向排放该排放物的目的，避免该排放物影响电气腔内的其他部件，提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该电池还包括：第一支撑件，该第一支撑件设置在该第一壁与该第三壁之间，该第一支撑件用于形成至少部分该第一通路。
一方面，该第一支撑件在第一壁和第三壁之间，可以提供支撑作用，以使得第三壁具有更好的抗压强度。当外部压力作用于电池时，设置的该第一支撑件可抵挡大部分乃至全部的外部压力，从而减小或者消除外部压力对电气腔中电池单体和热管理部件等部件的影响，提升电池的抗压性能和安全性能。另一方面，第一支撑件还可以用于形成通过电池单体的排放物的第一通路的至少部分，使得排放物通过该第一通路，实现定向排放。
在一些实施例中，该第一支撑件与该第一壁的除该第一泄压机构以外的区域对应设置，以在该第一支撑件外部形成该第一通路的至少部分。第一支撑件与第一壁的除第一泄压机构以外的区域对应设置，则经过第一泄压机构排放的排放物在第一支撑件外部，从而在第一支撑件的外部形成至少部分第一通路，例如，可以在多个第一支撑件之间或者该第一支撑件与电气腔的壁之间形成第一通路的至少部分，使得该排放物被定向排放。
在一些实施例中，该第一支撑件抵接于该第一壁的除该第一泄压机构以外的区域。第一支撑件可抵接于该第一壁的除第一泄压机构以外的区域，以保证第一支撑件对该第一壁具有良好的支撑作用。
在一些实施例中，该电池包括间隔设置的多个该第一支撑件，多个该第一支撑件之间形成该第一通路的至少部分。由于电池内通常包括多个电池单体，对应可以在多个电池单体的第一壁和第三壁之间相互间隔设置多个第一支撑件，这样该多个第一支撑件之间可以形成第一通路的至少部分，排放物通过第一泄压机构排出后，可以排至多个第一支撑件之间，以实现定向排放。
在一些实施例中，该第一支撑件设置有第一开孔，该第一开孔与该第一泄压机构对应设置，以使经过该第一泄压机构的排放物通过该第一开孔排放。这样，电池单体的排放物通过第一泄压机构排出并进入该第一开孔，则可以通过合理设置该第一开孔的位置，实现该排放物的定向排放。
在一些实施例中，该第一支撑件为中空结构，该第一泄压机构通过该第一开孔与该第一支撑件的内部连通，以在该第一支撑件的内部形成该第一通路的至少部分。
该第一开孔与第一泄压机构相对设置，不会阻碍第一泄压机构致动。这样，在第一支撑件实现支撑功能的同时，第一支撑件的第一开孔也便于接收经由第一泄压机构排放的电池单体的排放物，排放物经过第一开孔后可收集至第一支撑件的内部，使排放物能够定向排放，防止排放物对电气腔中的部件造成影响。
在一些实施例中，该第一开孔的横截面面积不小于该第一泄压机构的面积，以进一步提升第一开孔对排放物良好的导通效果，避免第一开孔阻挡第一泄压机构排出的排放物进入第一通路。
在一些实施例中，该第一支撑件抵接于该第一壁和/或该第三壁。这样，第一支撑件可为第一壁和/或第三壁提供支撑作用，以提高第一壁和/或第三壁整体的抗压强度，尤其在第一支撑件同时抵接第一壁和第三壁时，可以同时提高第一壁和第三壁整体的抗压强度，从而防止外部压力对电气腔中的电池单体等部件造成影响。
在一些实施例中，该第一支撑件的连接面抵接于该第一壁和/或该第三壁，该第一支撑件的非连接面设置有第二开孔，以在该第一支撑件的外部形成该第一通路的至少部分，以增加通过电池单体的排放物的排放路径。
在一些实施例中，该第一壁和该第三壁之间具有间隙，该间隙用于形成至少部分该第一通路，这样可以降低对电气腔的密封性要求，尤其是可以降低对第一壁和第三壁之间的密封性要求，从而可以降低电池的加工难度，提高电池的加工效率。
在一些实施例中，该第三壁和/或第四壁设置有第二泄压机构，该第二泄压机构用于将经过该第一通路的排放物排出该电气腔，该第四壁为该电气腔的与该第三壁相交的壁。
第一通路位于第一壁和第三壁之间，若将第二泄压机构之间设置在第三壁，可以将该第一通路内的排放物及时排出电气腔，避免排放物在电气腔内堆积而引发的热扩散，提高电池的安全性。若第四壁上设置第二泄压机构，该第二泄压机构靠近第一通路的端部，同样可以达到快速排出排放物的目的，避免排放物在电气腔内堆积而引发的热扩散，提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该排放通路包括第二通路，该第二通路用于将从该第一泄压机构排出的排放物排出该电气腔。经过电池单体的第一泄压机构排出的排放物经过第二通路排出电气腔，该排放物不影响电气腔内的电池单体，可以有效避免热扩散，以及排放物引起的电池单体的短路，进而提高了电池的安全性。并且，通过该第二通路，可以集中收集电池单体的排放物，避免排放物对其他部件的影响。
在一些实施例中，该箱体还包括：收集腔，该收集腔用于在该第一泄压机构致动时通过该第二通路收集来自该电池单体的排放物。该收集腔在泄压机构致动时收集和/或处理经过第一泄压机构排出的排放物，例如，可以用于在第一泄压机构致动时收集经过第二通路排出的排放物，收集腔可以对排放物进行降温，还可以将排放物排出至电池外部。
在一些实施例中，该电气腔包括与该第一壁相对的第三壁，该第三壁为中空结构，以使该第三壁的内部形成至少部分该收集腔。通过第三壁内部形成至少部分收集腔，由于该第三壁为一体化结构，可以简化箱体结构，便于安装，提高电池的加工效 率。
在一些实施例中，该第三壁的朝向该第一壁的第一子壁设置有第一泄压区域，该第一泄压区域与该第一泄压机构相对设置，该第一泄压区域用于形成至少部分该第二通路。第一泄压区域用于在第一泄压机构致动时，使得经过第一泄压机构的排放物经由第一泄压区域排至第三壁内部，即排入收集腔，进而避免排放物对电气腔内的其他电池单体的破坏，避免热扩散，提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该第一泄压区域为贯穿该第一子壁的厚度方向的第一通孔，该第二通路包括该第一通孔。将该第一泄压区域设置为第一通孔，一方面便于加工，另一方面，该第一通孔可以为第一泄压机构致动提供变形空间，并且在第一泄压机构致动时，迅速将排放物排至第三壁内部的收集腔，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该第一泄压区域为该第一子壁上的第一薄弱区，该第一薄弱区用于在该第一泄压机构致动时被破坏，以形成至少部分该第二通路。
在第一泄压机构未致动时，例如，电池正常使用过程中，第一薄弱区可以使得该第三壁处于相对密封状态，可以有效保护第一泄压机构不被外力破坏而失效。并且，在第一泄压机构致动时，第一薄弱区强度小于第一子壁的除该第一泄压区域以外其他区域处的强度，所以该第一薄弱区易于被破坏，以使来自设有第一泄压机构的电池单体的排放物穿过第一薄弱区排出电气腔，例如，可以穿过第一薄弱区而进入第三壁内部的收集腔。
在一些实施例中，该第三壁的第二子壁设置有第三泄压机构，该第三泄压机构用于将经过该第二通路的排放物排出该收集腔，该第二子壁与该第一子壁不同。
在第三壁内部的收集腔的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，第三泄压机构致动以泄放收集腔的内部压力或温度，进而及时将收集腔内的排放物排出箱体；并且，第二子壁与第一子壁不同，那么该排放物不会再次经过第三泄压机构进入电气腔，避免对电气腔内部件的影响，提高了电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该电气腔包括与该第三壁相交的第四壁，该第四壁为中空结构且与该第三壁的内部连通，以使该第三壁的内部和该第四壁的内部形成至少部分该收集腔。这样可以扩大收集腔的范围，也就延长了第二通路的范围，使得收集腔可以容纳更多排放物，也有利于内部排放物的降温，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该电池还包括：隔离部件，附接于该第一壁，该隔离部件用于隔离该电气腔和该收集腔。采用隔离部件隔离电气腔和收集腔，也就是说，用于容纳电池单体和热管理部件的电气腔与收集排放物的收集腔在空间上是相互分离的，避免二者之间相互影响。
在一些实施例中，该隔离部件设置有第二泄压区域，该第二泄压区域用于形成至少部分该第二通路。在电池单体的第一泄压机构致动时，经过第一泄压机构排出的排放物可以穿过该第二泄压区域并进入收集腔，进而避免排放物对电气腔内的其他电池单体的破坏，避免热扩散，提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该第二泄压区域为贯穿该隔离部件的厚度方向的第二通孔，该第二通路包括该第二通孔。将该第二泄压区域设置为第二通孔，一方面便于加工，另一方面，该第二通孔可以为第二泄压区域致动提供变形空间，并且在第一泄压机构致动时，迅速将排放物通过该第二通孔排至收集腔，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该第二泄压区域为第二薄弱区，该第二薄弱区用于在该第一泄压机构致动时被破坏，以形成至少部分该第二通路。这样，在第一泄压机构未致动时，例如，电池正常使用过程中，该第二薄弱区可以使得该收集腔处于相对密封状态，可以有效保护第一泄压机构不被外力破坏而失效。并且，在第一泄压机构致动时，第二薄弱区强度小于隔离部件的除该第二泄压区域以外其他区域处的强度，所以该第二薄弱区易于被破坏，以使来自设有第一泄压机构的电池单体的排放物穿过第二薄弱区排出电气腔，例如，可以穿过第二薄弱区而进入收集腔。
在一些实施例中，该电池还包括：第二支撑件，设置在该收集腔中，该第二支撑件用于提高该收集腔的抗压强度。在收集腔中设置第二支撑件，相对于空腔结构的收集腔，由于第二支撑件在收集腔中提供支撑作用，因而该设置有第二支撑件的收集腔具有更好的抗压强度，换言之，当外部压力作用于电池时，设置有第二支撑件的收集腔可抵挡大部分乃至全部的外部压力，从而减小或者消除外部压力对电气腔中电池单体和热管理部件等部件的影响，提升电池的抗压性能和安全性能。
在一些实施例中，该第二支撑件与该隔离部件的除该第二泄压区域以外的区域对应设置，以在该第二支撑件外部形成至少部分该第二通路。第二支撑件与隔离部件的除第二泄压区域以外的区域对应设置，避免第二支撑件对第一泄压机构以及第二泄压区域造成影响。例如可以避免第二支撑件堵塞经由第一泄压机构和第二泄压区域排放的来自电池单体内部的排放物，使其能被及时排出电气腔，并由收集腔收集。因此，基于本申请实施例设置的第二支撑件，在提高收集腔的抗压强度的同时，不会对电池单体安全性能造成影响。
在一些实施例中，该第二支撑件抵接于该隔离部件的除该第二泄压区域以外的区域，以保证第二支撑件对该收集腔具有良好的支撑作用。
在一些实施例中，该第二支撑件设置有第三开孔，该第三开孔与该第二泄压区域对应设置，以使经过该第二泄压区域的排放物通过该第三开孔排放。电池单体的排放物通过第一泄压机构和第二泄压区域排出并进入该第三开孔，则可以通过合理设置该第三开孔的位置，实现该排放物的定向排放。
在一些实施例中，该第二支撑件为中空结构，该第二泄压区域通过该第三开孔与该第二支撑件的内部连通，以在该第二支撑件的内部形成该第二通路的至少部分。
该第三开孔与第一泄压机构相对设置，也与第二泄压区域相对设置，不会阻碍第一泄压机构致动，也不会阻碍排放物穿过第二泄压区域。这样，在第二支撑件实现支撑功能的同时，第二支撑件的第三开孔也便于接收依次经由第一泄压机构和第二泄压区域排放的电池单体的排放物，排放物经过第三开孔后可收集至第二支撑件的内部，该第三开孔与第二支撑件可以用于第二通路的至少部分，使排放物能够定向排放，防 止排放物对电气腔中的部件造成影响。
在一些实施例中，该第三开孔的截面面积不小于该第二泄压区域的面积，以进一步提升第三开孔对排放物良好的导通效果，避免第三开孔阻挡第二泄压区域排出的排放物进入第二通路。
在一些实施例中，该箱体还包括：防护构件，该防护构件用于与该隔离部件形成该收集腔，该防护构件还可以用于防护隔离部件。
在一些实施例中，该第二支撑件抵接于该隔离部件和/或该防护构件。这样，第二支撑件可为隔离部件和/或防护构件提供支撑作用，以提高隔离部件和/或防护构件整体的抗压强度，尤其在第二支撑件同时抵接隔离部件和/或防护构件时，可以同时提高隔离部件和/或防护构件整体的抗压强度，从而防止外部压力对收集腔的影响，也可以防止外部压力对电气腔中的电池单体等部件造成影响。
在一些实施例中，该第二支撑件的连接面抵接于该隔离部件和/或该防护构件，该第二支撑件的非连接面设置有第四开孔，以在该第二支撑件外部形成该第二通路的至少部分，以增加通过电池单体的排放物的排放路径。
在一些实施例中，该电气腔包括与该隔离部件相交的第四壁，该第四壁为中空结构，以使该第四壁的内部形成至少部分该收集腔。该第四壁的内部与隔离部件与防护构件之间的收集腔连通，扩大了收集腔的范围，也就延长了第二通路的范围，使得收集腔可以容纳更多排放物，也有利于内部排放物的降温，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该第四壁的远离该电气腔的第三子壁设置有第四泄压机构，该第四泄压机构用于将经过该第二通路的排放物排出该收集腔。在收集腔的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，在第三子壁上设置的第四泄压机构致动，以泄放收集腔的内部压力或温度，进而及时将收集腔内的排放物排出箱体，其中，该第三子壁为该第四壁的远离电气腔的壁。并且，由于第三子壁远离电气腔，那么该排放物不会再次经过第四泄压机构进入电气腔，避免对电气腔内部件的影响，提高了电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该第二壁为该电池单体的面积最大的壁，以增加热管理部件与电池单体之间的接触面积，从而更好地调节电池单体的温度，以提高升温或者降温的效率。
在一些实施例中，该电池包括沿第一方向排列的多列电池单体，该多列电池单体中每列电池单体包括沿第二方向排列的至少一个该电池单体，该第一方向垂直于该第二方向和该第二壁。将电池内的多个电池单体按照阵列的方式进行排列，便于电池的组装，也可以提高电池内部的多个电池单体的空间利用率。
在一些实施例中，该热管理部件附接于该多列电池单体中至少一列电池单体的至少一个该电池单体的该第二壁。这样，该电池内存在至少一个热管理部件，每个热管理部件可以为至少一个电池单体调节温度。
在一些实施例中，该电池单体包括沿该第一方向相对设置的两个该第二壁，该多列电池单体中至少一列电池单体沿该第一方向的两侧分别设置有附接于至少一个该电池单体的两个该第二壁的该热管理部件。因此，该电池中存在两个热管理部件可以 同时为该列电池单体调节温度，可以提高温度调节效率，提高电池的安全性。
在一些实施例中，该多列电池单体中至少相邻两列电池单体之间设置同一个该热管理部件，以便于电池的加工和组装。
在一些实施例中，该电池包括沿该第一方向排列的多个该热管理部件，增加热管理部件的数量，可以提高温度调节效率。
在一些实施例中，多个该热管理部件沿该第一方向间隔设置，以使得相邻两个热管理部件之间设置有至少一个电池单体，避免存在多个热管理部件之间相互附接，这样，既提高电池的空间利用率，也可以提高温度调节效率。
在一些实施例中，该热管理部件设置有容纳换热介质的换热通道，多个该热管理部件的该换热通道相互连通。这样，多个热管理部件之间相互连通，一方面，便于管理和控制，提高电池的集成性和安全性；另一方面，当电池中部分热管理部件温度变化较大时，可以通过该换热通道实现热交换，以使得多个热管理部件之间的温差较小，提高温度调节效率。
在一些实施例中，该热管理部件的沿第一方向的厚度D与面积占比S的比值D/S的取值范围为[0.5mm,200mm]，该第一方向垂直于该第二壁，该面积占比为该第二壁的与该热管理部件接触的面积与该第二壁的面积的比值。优选地，D/S的取值范围为[1mm,100mm]。若该热管理部件的厚度与面积占比的比值设置过小，若面积占比取值一定，该热管理部件的厚度会过小，热管理部件的加工难度较大，并且强度太小，在组装时容易发生断裂，降低了电池的加工效率。相反地，若该热管理部件的厚度与面积占比的比值设置过大，一方面热管理部件的厚度可能会较大，则热管理部件占用空间较大，降低了电池的空间利用率，也就降低了电池的能量密度，还可能影响电池的电量需求；另一方面，面积占比可能过小，即热管理部件与电池单体的第二壁的接触面积过小，则会导致温度调节的效率较差。
第二方面，提供了一种用电设备，包括：第一方面所述的电池，该电池用于为该用电设备提供电能。
在一些实施例中，所述用电设备为车辆、船舶或航天器。
附图说明
图1是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的分解结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的截面示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的局部截面示意图；
图6是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的另一局部截面示意图；
图7是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电池的分解结构示意图；
图8是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电池的截面示意图；
图9是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电池的局部截面示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电池的再一截面示意图；
图11是本申请一实施例公开的再一种电池的分解结构示意图；
图12是本申请一实施例公开的再一种电池的截面示意图；
图13是本申请一实施例公开的再一种电池的局部截面示意图；
图14是本申请一实施例公开的再一种电池的另一局部截面示意图；
图15是本申请一实施例公开的再一种电池的再一局部截面示意图；
图16是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的局部结构示意图；
图17是本申请一实施例公开的一种多个电池单体和热管理部件的结构示意图；
图18是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池的另一局部截面示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压 和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件由正极片、负极片和隔离膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极片和负极片之间移动来工作。正极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。隔离膜的材质可以为聚丙烯(polypropylene，PP)或聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素，例如，能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数，另外，还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于电池单体来说，主要的安全危险来自于充电和放电过程，同时还有适宜的环境温度设计，为了有效地避免不必要的损失，对电池单体一般会有至少三重保护措施。具体而言，保护措施至少包括开关元件、选择适当的隔离膜材料以及泄压机构。开关元件是指电池单体内的温度或者电阻达到一定阈值时而能够使电池停止充电或者放电的元件。隔离膜用于隔离正极片和负极片，可以在温度上升到一定数值时自动溶解掉附着在其上的微米级(甚至纳米级)微孔，从而使金属离子不能在隔离膜上通过，终止电池单体的内部反应。
泄压机构是指电池单体的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度的元件或部件。该阈值设计根据设计需求不同而不同。所述阈值可能取决于电池单体中的正极极片、负极极片、电解液和隔离膜中一种或几种的材料。泄压机构可以采用诸如防爆阀、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等的形式，并可以具体采用压敏或温敏的元件或构造，即，当电池单体的内部压力或温度达到预定阈值时，泄压机构执行动作或者泄压机构中设有的薄弱结构被破坏，从而形成可供内部压力或温度泄放的开口或通道。
本申请中所提到的“致动”是指泄压机构产生动作或被激活至一定的状态，从而使得电池单体的内部压力及温度得以被泄放。泄压机构产生的动作可以包括但不限于：泄压机构中的至少一部分破裂、破碎、被撕裂或者打开，等等。泄压机构在致动时，电池单体的内部的高温高压物质作为排放物会从致动的部位向外排出。以此方式能够在可控压力或温度的情况下使电池单体发生泄压及泄温，从而避免潜在的更严重的事故发生。
本申请中所提到的来自电池单体的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体、火焰，等等。
电池单体上的泄压机构对电池的安全性有着重要影响。例如，当发生短路、过充等现象时，可能会导致电池单体内部发生热失控从而压力或温度骤升。这种情况下通过泄压机构致动可以将内部压力及温度向外释放，以防止电池单体爆炸、起火。
在电池的组装方案中，可以将热管理部件附接于电池单体设置有泄压机构的壁。这样，当电池单体正常工作时，热管理部件可以对电池单体调节温度。但是，由于泄压机构一般设置在电池单体面积较小的壁上，因此，在电池单体正常工作的情况下，对电池单体温度调节的效果不显著。此外，当电池单体发生热失控时，例如电池单体的泄压机构致动时，经泄压机构排出的电池单体的排放物的威力和破坏力可能很大，可能足以冲破在该方向上的热管理部件，造成安全问题。
鉴于此，本申请提供了一种电池和用电设备，该电池包括电池单体和热管理部件，其中，电池单体的第一壁设置第一泄压机构，热管理部件与电池单体的第二壁附接，该第二壁与第一壁不同，且第二壁的面积大于或者等于第一壁的面积。这样，将热管理部件附接于电池单体未设置第一泄压机构的第二壁，并且热管理部件与电池单体的接触面积较大，在电池单体正常工作的情况下，对电池单体温度调节的效果比较显著。此外，由于热管理部件附接的第二壁不是电池单体设置第一泄压机构的第一壁，这样，当电池单体发生热失控时，经该第一泄压机构排出的电池单体的排放物会向远离该热管理部件的方向排放，因此，排放物不易冲破该热管理部件，该热管理部件可以为发生热失控的电池单体降温，避免热扩散，增强了电池的安全性。
另外，该电池还包括排放通路，在第一泄压机构致动时，该排放通路可以经过该第一泄压机构与电池单体的内部连通，这样，电池单体内部的排放物可以经过第一泄压机构排出至该排放通路，避免排放物在电池单体内堆积引起的热扩散，从而提高电池的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马达40，控制器30以及电池10，控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置 电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池可以包括多个电池单体，其中，多个电池单体之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池也可以称为电池包。例如，多个电池单体可以先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池。也就是说，多个电池单体可以直接组成电池，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池。
图2示出了本申请实施例的电池10的分解结构示意图；图3示出了本申请实施例的电池10的截面示意图，例如，该图3所述的电池10可以为图2所示的电池10。如图2和图3所示，本申请实施例的电池10包括：电池单体20，该电池单体20的第一壁21a设置有第一泄压机构213；热管理部件12，用于调节该电池单体20的温度，该热管理部件12附接于该电池单体20的第二壁21b，该第二壁21b与该第一壁21a不同，且该第二壁21b的面积大于或等于该第一壁21a的面积；排放通路13，被配置为在该第一泄压机构213致动时，能够经由该第一泄压机构213与该电池单体20的内部相连通，以使该电池单体20的排放物排出至该排放通路。
应理解，本申请实施例的电池单体20的形状可以根据实际应用进行设置。例如，该电池单体20可以为多面体结构，该多面体结构由多个壁围合形成，因此，该电池单体20可以包括多个壁。其中，该电池单体20的第一壁21a设置有第一泄压机构213，该电池单体20的第二壁21b朝向热管理部件12。该第一壁21a和第二壁21b可以为该电池单体20的任意两个不同的壁，例如，第一壁21a和第二壁21b可以相交或者不相交；并且，第二壁21b的面积不小于该第一壁21a的面积。例如，该第二壁21b可以为该电池单体20的面积最大的壁，而第一壁21a可以为电池单体20的面积最小的壁；或者，该第一壁21a和第二壁21b的面积可以相等，例如均为电池单体20的面积最大的壁，本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，本申请实施例的热管理部件12用于调节电池单体20的温度。例如，该热管理部件12可以容纳流体或者固液相变材料以给多个电池单体20调节温度。再例如，该热管理部件12可以包括流道121，该流道121可以用于容纳流体或者固液相变材料。具体地，该流体可以是液体或气体；固液相变材料的原始状态为固体，吸热后可以变成液体；调节温度是指给多个电池单体20加热或者冷却。在给电池单体20冷却或降温的情况下，该热管理部件12用于容纳冷却流体或者固液相变材料以给多个电池单体20降低温度，此时，热管理部件12也可以称为冷却部件、冷却系统或冷却板等，其容纳的流体也可以称为冷却介质或冷却流体，更具体的，可以称为冷却液或冷却气体。另外，热管理部件12也可以用于加热以给多个电池单体20升温，本申请实施例对此并不限定。可选的，该流体可以是循环流动的，以达到更好的温度调节的效果。可选的，流体可以为水、水和乙二醇的混合液或者空气等。
应理解，本申请实施例对热管理部件12与电池单体20的连接方式不作限定。 例如，可以通过粘接剂将热管理部件12与电池单体20固定连接；或者，也可以将热管理部件12夹持固定在相邻两个电池单体20之间。
在本申请实施例中，将热管理部件12附接于电池单体20未设置第一泄压机构213的第二壁，并且热管理部件12与电池单体20的接触面积较大，在电池单体20正常工作的情况下，对电池单体20温度调节的效果比较显著。此外，由于热管理部件12附接的第二壁21b不是电池单体20设置第一泄压机构213的第一壁，这样，当电池单体20发生热失控时，经该第一泄压机构213排出的电池单体20的排放物会向远离该热管理部件12的方向排放，因此，排放物不易冲破该热管理部件12，该热管理部件12可以为发生热失控的电池单体20降温，避免热扩散，增强了电池10的安全性。
另外，该电池10还包括排放通路13，在第一泄压机构213致动时，该排放通路13可以经过该第一泄压机构213与电池单体20的内部连通，这样，电池单体20内部的排放物可以经过第一泄压机构213排出至该排放通路13，避免排放物在电池单体20内堆积引起的热扩散，从而提高电池10的安全性。
在本申请实施例中，电池10还包括：箱体11，箱体11包括电气腔11a，电气腔11a用于容纳电池单体20和热管理部件12。本申请实施例的箱体11的电气腔11a用于容纳至少一个电池单体20和至少一个热管理部件12，即电气腔11a提供了电池单体20和热管理部件12的安装空间。其中，该电气腔11a可以是密封或非密封的。
可选地，电气腔11a的形状可以根据所容纳的电池单体20和/或热管理部件12而定。例如，如图2至图3所示，电气腔11a可以为中空的长方体，通过至少六个壁围合形成，以便于加工。并且，本申请实施例的电气腔11a可以通过多种方式形成。例如，如图2和图3所示，该箱体11可以包括多个形状相同或者不同的部分，通过该多个部分之间相互连接和扣合，以形成中空的长方体，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
应理解，本申请实施例的电气腔11a对容纳的电池单体20的数量与热管理部件12的数量均没有限制。另外，电气腔11a中还可以设置有其他部件，例如，该电气腔11a还可以包括用于固定电池单体20和/或热管理部件12的结构。
再例如，本申请实施例的电气腔11a还可以用于容纳汇流部件，即电气腔11a提供电池单体20和汇流部件的安装空间。该汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接，例如并联或串联或混联。汇流部件可通过连接电池单体20的电极端子214实现电池单体20之间的电连接。在一些实施例中，汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体20的电极端子214。
在本申请实施例中，排放通路13包括第一通路131，第一通路131用于将从第一泄压机构213排出的排放物排向电气腔11a。由于电池单体20设置在电气腔11a内，经过电池单体20的第一泄压机构213排出的排放物经过该第一通路131直接排向该电池单体20所在的电气腔11a，则可以无需额外设置其他结构而将排放物排出电气腔11a，使得箱体11的结构更加简单，易于实现。
应理解，电气腔11a包括与第一壁21a相对的第三壁1101，第一通路131的至少部分位于第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间。电池单体20的第一壁21a设置有第一泄压机构213，在该第一壁21a与第三壁1101之间设置第一通路131，可以使得经过第一泄 压机构213排出的排放物直接进入该第一通路131，这样，通过设置第一通路131，可以达到定向排放该排放物的目的，避免该排放物影响电气腔11a内的其他部件，提高电池10的安全性。
具体地，本申请实施例的电池单体20的第一壁21a设置有第一泄压机构213。图4示出了本申请实施例的电池单体20的分解结构示意图，例如，该图4所示的电池单体20可以为图2和图3所示的电池10中任意一个电池单体20。如图4所示，该电池单体20包括外壳21，该外壳21可以包括多个壁，即通过多个壁围合形成中空的外壳21。外壳21可以包括壳体211和盖板212。壳体211的壁以及盖板212均称为电池单体20的壁。壳体211的形状可以根据内部的一个或多个电极组件22组合后的形状而定，例如，壳体211可以为中空的长方体或正方体或圆柱体，且壳体211的至少一个面具有开口，以便一个或多个电极组件22可以放置于壳体211内。例如，当壳体211为中空的长方体或正方体时，壳体211的至少一个平面为开口面，即该开口面不具有壁体而使得壳体211内外相通。当壳体211可以为中空的圆柱体时，壳体211的两个端面中每个端面都可以为开口面，即该端面不具有壁体而使得壳体211内外相通。通过设置至少一个盖板212，可以分别覆盖该壳体211的至少一个开口，并且每个盖板212与壳体211连接，以形成放置电极组件22的封闭的腔体。壳体211内填充有电解质，例如电解液。
本申请实施例的电池单体20的第一壁21a上设置第一泄压机构213，第一泄压机构213用于电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到阈值时致动以泄放内部压力或温度。可选地，该第一壁21a可以为电池单体20的任意一个壁。例如，该第一壁21a可以为电池单体20的面积最大的壁，这样，由于第二壁21b的面积不小于第一壁21a的面积，因此，该第一壁21a和第二壁21b可以面积相等且均为电池单体20的面积最大的壁。再例如，如图4所示，该第一壁21a可以为电池单体20的面积最小的壁，例如，该第一壁21a可以为壳体211的底壁，以便于安装。为了便于说明，本申请实施例主要以该第一壁21a为电池单体20的壳体211的底壁为例进行说明；并且，为了便于展示，图4中将第一壁21a与壳体211分离，但这并不限定壳体211的底侧具有或者不具有开口，即该底壁与壳体211的侧壁可以为一体结构或者也可以是相互独立的两个部分连接在一起。
具体地，如图4所示，该第一泄压机构213可以为第一壁21a的一部分，也可以与第一壁21a为分体式结构，以通过例如焊接的方式固定在第一壁21a上。当第一泄压机构213为第一壁21a的一部分时，即该第一泄压机构213可以与第一壁21a一体成型，该第一泄压机构213可以通过在第一壁21a上设置刻痕或者凹槽的方式形成，该刻痕使得该第一壁21a的第一泄压机构213所在区域的厚度小于该第一壁21a的除第一泄压机构213以外的其他区域的厚度。当电池单体20产生的气体太多使得壳体211内部压力升高并达到阈值，或电池单体20内部反应产生热量造成电池单体20内部温度升高并达到阈值时，电池单体20可以在刻痕处发生破裂而导致外壳21内外相通，气体压力及温度通过第一泄压机构213的裂开向外释放，进而避免电池单体20发生爆炸。
可选地，本申请实施例的第一泄压机构213可以为各种可能的泄压结构，本申 请实施例对此并不限定。例如，第一泄压机构213可以为温敏泄压机构，温敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第一泄压机构213的电池单体20的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化；和/或，第一泄压机构213可以为压敏泄压机构，压敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第一泄压机构213的电池单体20的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，在第一泄压机构213设置于电池单体20的第一壁21a的情况下，电池单体20的外壳21还可以设置有电极端子214，该电极端子214所在的壁与第一壁21a可以相同或者不同。例如，如图4所示，本申请实施例以该电极端子214所在的壁与第一壁21a不同为例进行说明。例如，该电极端子214所在的壁与第一壁21a相对设置，若第一壁21a可以为电池单体20的底壁，则该电极端子214所在的壁可以为电池单体20的盖板212，以使得电池单体20通过第一泄压机构213排出的排放物不会影响电极端子214，避免短路，提高电池单体20的安全性。
具体地，如图4所示，该电池单体20可以包括至少两个电极端子214，该至少两个电极端子214可以设置在同一个壁上，或者也可以设置在不同的壁上。图4以电池单体20包括两个电极端子214为例，并且该两个电极端子214设置在平板形状的盖板212上。该至少两个电极端子214可以包括至少一个正电极端子214a和至少一个负电极端子214b。
本申请实施例的电极端子214用于与电极组件22电连接，以输出电能。例如，每个电极端子214可以各对应设置一个连接构件23，或者也可以称为集流构件23，其位于盖板212与电极组件22之间，用于将电极组件22和电极端子214实现电连接。
如图4所示，每个电极组件22具有第一极耳221a和第二极耳222a。第一极耳221a和第二极耳222a的极性相反。例如，当第一极耳221a为正极极耳时，第二极耳222a为负极极耳。一个或多个电极组件22的第一极耳221a通过一个连接构件23与一个电极端子连接，一个或多个电极组件22的第二极耳222a通过另一个连接构件23与另一个电极端子连接。例如，正电极端子214a通过一个连接构件23与正极极耳连接，负电极端子214b通过另一个连接构件23与负极极耳连接。
在该电池单体20中，根据实际使用需求，电极组件22可设置为单个，或多个，如图4所示，电池单体20内设置有4个独立的电极组件22，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
可选地，如图4所示，该电池单体20还可以包括垫板24，该垫板24位于电极组件22与壳体211的底壁之间，可以对电极组件22起到承托作用，还可以有效防止电极组件22与壳体211的底壁四周的圆角发生干涉。另外，该垫板24上可以设置有一个或者多个通孔，例如，可以设置多个均匀排列的通孔，或者，也可以在第一泄压机构213设置在壳体211的底壁时，对应该第一泄压机构213的位置设置通孔，以便于导液和导气，具体的，这样可以使得垫板24上下表面的空间连通，电池单体20内部产生的气体以及电解液都能够自由地穿过垫板24。
应理解，为了便于说明，本申请实施例主要以第一壁21a为电池单体20的壳体211的底壁为例进行说明，则如图2至图4所示，电气腔11a的与第一壁21a相对的壁为第三壁1101，第一通路131可以位于该第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间。具体地，该 第一通路131可以通过多种方式形成。
可选地，作为一个实施例，电池10还包括：第一支撑件14，第一支撑件14设置在第一壁21a与第三壁1101之间，第一支撑件14用于形成至少部分第一通路131。一方面，该第一支撑件14在第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间，可以提供支撑作用，以使得第三壁1101具有更好的抗压强度。当外部压力作用于电池10时，设置的该第一支撑件14可抵挡大部分乃至全部的外部压力，从而减小或者消除外部压力对电气腔11a中电池单体20和热管理部件12等部件的影响，提升电池10的抗压性能和安全性能。另一方面，第一支撑件14还可以用于形成通过电池单体20的排放物的第一通路131的至少部分，使得排放物通过该第一通路131，实现定向排放。
可选地，本申请实施例的第一支撑件14的形状和数量可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，如图2至图3所示，该第一支撑件14可以为条形结构，例如，可以为矩形条或者菱形条。该条形结构加工较为方便，且可灵活安装于规则或不规则形状的腔体中。例如，若第一壁21a与第三壁1101之间具有长方体空间，该一个或者多个条形结构的第一支撑件14可以平行于该长方体的长边或短边安装。
再例如，本申请实施例的第一支撑件14还可以为环形结构，例如可以为圆环结构或者方环结构。该环形的第一支撑件14可适用于规则形状的腔体，为腔体提供较为全面的支撑。例如，若第一壁21a与第三壁1101之间具有长方体空间，该环形的第一支撑件14的中心可对应设置于该长方体的中心。
可选地，本申请实施例的第一支撑件14可以为空心结构或者实心结构。例如，如图2至图3所示，该第一支撑件14可以为空心结构，相比于实心结构的第一支撑件14，空心结构的第一支撑件14本身的重量较小，不会额外给电池10增加较大的重量，从而提高电池10的能量密度。本申请实施例以第一支撑件14为空心结构为例进行说明。
可选地，第一支撑件14可以为管状结构。具体地，如图2至图3所示，本申请实施例的第一支撑件14可为内部中空的管状结构，其轴向刚度较大，且径向尺寸可适应于第一壁21a与第三壁1101之间的距离，从而提供良好的支撑作用。
在一些实施方式中，管状结构的横截面可以为任意多边形，例如，该多边形的边数通常大于或等于4，以提高管状结构的稳定性。在另一些实施方式中，该管状结构的横截面也可以为圆环形、跑道形或者其它形状，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
可选地，本申请实施例提供的管状结构的第一支撑件14的管壁厚度可以在0.5mm至3mm之间，能保证管状结构的第一支撑件14的刚度和抗压强度。
另外，本申请实施例提供的第一支撑件14的材料可以为具有良好延展性和高强度的材料，其可以缓冲并抵挡外界压力，且具有较高的抗压强度。作为示例，该第一支撑件14的材料可以是金属材料，例如：铜、铝等等。又或者，第一支撑件14的材料也可以是具有一定强度的非金属材料，例如：云母、陶瓷等等。
在本申请实施例中，该第一支撑件14可以通过多种方式形成至少部分第一通路131。例如，可以通过设置第一支撑件14的结构，使得该第一支撑件14自身形成该第一通路131的至少部分；或者，第一支撑件14可与电气腔11a的腔壁之间形成通过 排放物的第一通路131；或者，若第一支撑件14的数量为多个，则多个第一支撑件14之间也可形成通过排放物的第一通路131。
图5和图6分别示出了本申请实施例的电池10的几种可能的截面示意图，例如，该图5和图6可以为图2所示的电池10的几种可能的局部截面示意图。具体地，在图2中，电池10包括沿第二方向Y排列的多个电池单体20，例如，图2以包括4个电池单体20为例，而在图5和图6中，仅以沿第二方向Y排列的两个电池单体20为例进行示意。另外，图3所示的截面垂直于第二方向Y，而图5和图6所示的截面垂直于第一方向X，第一方向X垂直于第二方向Y，例如，该第一方向X可以为每个第一支撑件14延伸的方向，或者说每个第一支撑件14的轴向，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
如图5所示，第一支撑件14与第一壁21a的除第一泄压机构213以外的区域对应设置，以在第一支撑件14外部形成第一通路131的至少部分。第一支撑件14与第一壁21a的除第一泄压机构213以外的区域对应设置，则经过第一泄压机构213排放的排放物在第一支撑件14外部，从而在第一支撑件14的外部形成至少部分第一通路131，例如，可以在多个第一支撑件14之间或者该第一支撑件14与电气腔11a的壁之间形成第一通路131的至少部分，使得该排放物被定向排放。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，第一支撑件14与第一壁21a的除第一泄压机构213以外的区域对应设置，避免第一支撑件14对第一泄压机构213造成影响。例如避免第一支撑件14堵塞经由第一泄压机构213排放的来自电池单体20内部的排放物，使其能被及时排出。因此，基于本申请实施例设置的第一支撑件14，在提高第一壁21a和第三壁1101的抗压强度的同时，不会对电池单体20安全性能造成影响。
可选地，如图5所示，第一支撑件14抵接于第一壁21a的除第一泄压机构213以外的区域。具体地，第一支撑件14可直接或者间接接触于该第一壁21a的除第一泄压机构213以外的区域，以保证第一支撑件14对该第一壁21a具有良好的支撑作用。例如，在箱体11的高度方向Z上，第一支撑件14可以设置于第一壁21a的下方，以支撑该第一壁21a以及电池单体20。
可选地，电池10包括间隔设置的多个第一支撑件14，多个第一支撑件14之间形成第一通路131的至少部分。由于电池10内通常包括多个电池单体20，对应可以在多个电池单体20的第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间相互间隔设置多个第一支撑件14，这样该多个第一支撑件14之间可以形成第一通路131的至少部分，排放物通过第一泄压机构213排出后，可以排至多个第一支撑件14之间，以实现定向排放。
可选地，作为示例，如图5所示，对于每个电池单体20，可以根据该电池单体20的尺寸和位置，对应设置一个或者第一支撑件14；而对于沿着第二方向Y排列的多个电池单体20，相邻两个电池单体20之间可对应设置同一个第一支撑件14，该第一支撑件14的延伸方向为第一方向X，即沿第一方向X延伸的两排电池单体20可以共用同一个第一支撑件14。这样，通过将第一支撑件14对应设置于相邻两排电池单体20之间，可利用较少数量的第一支撑件14，既便于安装，又可以在支撑效果良好的情况下，减轻电池10的重量。
可选地，作为另一个实施例，如图6所示，第一支撑件14设置有第一开孔141， 第一开孔141与第一泄压机构213对应设置，以使经过第一泄压机构213的排放物通过第一开孔141排放。这样，电池单体20的排放物通过第一泄压机构213排出并进入该第一开孔141，则可以通过合理设置该第一开孔141的位置，实现该排放物的定向排放。
例如，若该第一支撑件14为实心结构，则该第一开孔141可以为贯穿该第一支撑件14的通孔，以使该第一支撑件14本身形成第一通路131的至少部分。
或者，第一支撑件14为中空结构，第一泄压机构213通过第一开孔141与第一支撑件14的内部连通，以在第一支撑件14的内部形成第一通路131的至少部分。具体地，该第一支撑件14为空心结构，例如，该第一支撑件14可为管状结构，则该第一开孔141可以为贯穿该第一支撑件14的管壁的通孔。该第一开孔141与第一泄压机构213相对设置，不会阻碍第一泄压机构213致动。这样，在第一支撑件14实现支撑功能的同时，第一支撑件14的第一开孔141也便于接收经由第一泄压机构213排放的电池单体20的排放物，排放物经过第一开孔141后可收集至第一支撑件14的内部，使排放物能够定向排放，防止排放物对电气腔11a中的部件造成影响。
应理解，第一开孔141的横截面面积不小于第一泄压机构213的面积，以进一步提升第一开孔141对排放物良好的导通效果，避免第一开孔141阻挡第一泄压机构213排出的排放物进入第一通路131。
可选地，如图6所示，沿着第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20可以对应设置有同一个条形的第一支撑件14，每个条形结构的第一支撑件14对应设置于每排电池单体20的第一泄压机构213下方，则可利用较少数量、且便于安装的第一支撑件14，实现效果良好的支撑作用。
在本申请上述各实施例中，如图2至图6所示，第一支撑件14抵接于第一壁21a和/或第三壁1101。这样，第一支撑件14可为第一壁21a和/或第三壁1101提供支撑作用，以提高第一壁21a和/或第三壁1101整体的抗压强度，尤其在第一支撑件14同时抵接第一壁21a和第三壁1101时，可以同时提高第一壁21a和第三壁1101整体的抗压强度，从而防止外部压力对电气腔11a中的电池单体20等部件造成影响。
可选地，第一支撑件14的连接面143抵接于第一壁21a和/或第三壁1101，第一支撑件14的非连接面144设置有第二开孔142，以在第一支撑件14的外部形成第一通路131的至少部分。具体地，第一支撑件14的连接面143为接触于第一壁21a和/或第三壁1101的面，相反的，该第一支撑件14的非连接面144，即为第一支撑件14中不接触于第一壁21a且不接触第三壁1101的面，该第一支撑件14的非连接面144可设置有第二开孔142，以在第一支撑件14中形成第一通道131的至少部分，以增加通过电池单体20的排放物的排放路径。
具体地，无论在第一支撑件14的外部形成第一通路131的至少部分，或是在该第一支撑件14的内部形成第一通路131的至少部分，该第一支撑件14的非连接面144均可以用于形成该第一通路131的至少部分的壁，则在该非连接面144上设置第二开孔142，可以使得第一通路131中排放物中的气体排出，而非连接面144上未设置第二开孔142的区域可以用于阻挡排放物中的固体。
例如，第一支撑件14的第二开孔142可用于通过排放物中的气体和/或液体， 而第一支撑件14的其他区域可以用于阻挡排放物中的固体。如上文所述，来自电池单体20的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体，火星等等，该排放物均为高温物质。其中，高温正负极极片、高温隔离膜碎片、火星等固体物质若直接经过排放阀排放至箱体11外，具有较大的安全隐患。通过本申请实施例的技术方案，第二开孔142可通过排放物中的高温气体和/或高温液体，且第一支撑件14的其他区域阻挡排放物中的高温固体。则第一支撑件14的第二开孔142可过滤排放物中的高温固体，将该高温固体阻挡在第一通道131的内部，防止排放物中的高温固体排出而造成安全隐患，从而提升电池10及其所在用电设备的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第一开孔141的尺寸和/或第二开孔142的尺寸可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，第一开孔141和第二开孔142的尺寸可以不同或者相同。例如，第一开孔141的尺寸大于第二开孔142的尺寸，以便于尺寸较大的第一开孔141能够顺利通过经由第一泄压机构213排放的排放物，不会阻塞排放物的排放，而尺寸较小的第二开孔142可起到过滤作用，即该第二开孔142通过排放物中的高温气体和/或高温液体，且第一支撑件14阻挡排放物中的高温固体，防止排放物中的高温固体排出箱体11外造成安全隐患，从而提升电池及其所在用电设备的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第一开孔141的形状和/或第二开孔142的形状可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，第一开孔141和第二开孔142的形状也可以相同或者不同。例如，该第一开孔141的形状可以与第一泄压机构213保持一致，以便于排放物顺利且及时通过；而第二开孔142的形状通常设置为矩形或者圆形，以便于加工。
可选地，本申请实施例的第一开孔141的数量和/或第二开孔142的数量可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，第一开孔141和第二开孔142的数量也可以相同或者不同。例如，该第一开孔141的数量可以与对应的第一泄压机构213保持一致，以使得第一开孔141与第一泄压机构213一一对应；而第二开孔141的数量可以根据实际应用灵活设置。
应理解，上文中描述了通过第一支撑件14形成至少部分第一通路131，或者，也可以通过其他方式形成该第一通路131的至少部分，并且不同方式之间可以相互独立应用，也可以相互结合应用，本申请实施例并不限于此。
例如，第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间具有间隙，该间隙用于形成至少部分第一通路131，这样可以降低对电气腔11a的密封性要求，尤其是可以降低对第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间的密封性要求，从而可以降低电池10的加工难度，提高电池10的加工效率。
应理解，如图2至图6所示，本申请实施例的第一通路131可以将经过第一泄压机构213排出的排放物排至电气腔11a，进一步地，电池10的电气腔11a的壁上可以设置有第二泄压机构1103，该第二泄压机构1103用于将经过第一通路131的排放物排出电气腔11a，例如可以排出箱体11，以避免排放物在电气腔11a内堆积而引发的热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
例如，如图2至图6所示，第三壁1101和/或第四壁1102设置有第二泄压机构 1103，第二泄压机构1103用于将经过第一通路131的排放物排出电气腔11a，第四壁1102为电气腔11a的与第三壁1101相交的壁。第一通路131位于第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间，若将第二泄压机构1103之间设置在第三壁1101，可以将该第一通路131内的排放物及时排出电气腔11a，避免排放物在电气腔11a内堆积而引发的热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
可选地，如图5所示，对于设置在第一壁21a和第三壁1101之间的第一支撑件14，每个第一支撑件14的中心轴可以沿任意方向延伸，例如可以沿第一方向X延伸，以在多个第一支撑件14之间或者第一支撑件14内部形成第一通道131的至少部分，则与第一泄压机构213对应的该第一通道131与第一支撑件14类似，同样会沿某一方向延伸，例如可以沿第一方向X延伸，那么该第一通道131的端部朝向电气腔11a的第四壁1102，该第四壁1102与第三壁相交。因此，在第四壁1102上设置第二泄压机构1103，该第二泄压机构1103靠近第一通路131的端部，同样可以达到快速排出排放物的目的，避免排放物在电气腔11a内堆积而引发的热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第二泄压机构1103可以通过多种方式实现。例如，以该第二泄压机构1103设置在第四壁1102上为例，该第二泄压机构1103可以为第四壁1102的一部分，也可以与第四壁1102为分体式结构，以通过例如焊接的方式固定在第四壁1102上。当第二泄压机构1103为第四壁1102的一部分时，即该第二泄压机构1103可以与第四壁1102一体成型，该第二泄压机构1103可以通过在第四壁1102上设置刻痕或者凹槽的方式形成，该刻痕使得该第四壁1102的第二泄压机构1103所在区域的厚度小于该第四壁1102的除第二泄压机构1103以外的其他区域的厚度。当第一通路131内收集的排放物太多，使得电气腔11a内部压力升高并达到阈值时，或第一通路131内部排放物的温度升高并达到阈值时，第四壁1102可以在刻痕处发生破裂而导致电气腔11a与外部相通，气体压力及温度通过第二泄压机构1103的裂开向外释放，进而避免电池10发生爆炸。
可选地，本申请实施例的第二泄压机构1103可以为各种可能的泄压结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定。例如，第二泄压机构1103可以为温敏泄压机构，温敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第二泄压机构1103的电气腔11a的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化；和/或，第二泄压机构1103可以为压敏泄压机构，压敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第二泄压机构1103的电气腔11a的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
在一些实施例中，电池10还可以设置有第二通路132。具体地，排放通路13包括第二通路132，第二通路132用于将从第一泄压机构213排出的排放物排出电气腔11a。经过电池单体20的第一泄压机构213排出的排放物经过第二通路132排出电气腔11b，该排放物不影响电气腔11b内的电池单体20，可以有效避免热扩散，以及排放物引起的电池单体20的短路，进而提高了电池10的安全性。并且，通过该第二通路132，可以集中收集电池单体20的排放物，避免排放物对其他部件的影响。
在一些实施例中，该电池10可以既包括第一通路131也包括第二通路132。在电池单体20发生热失控或其他异常情况时，电池单体20内部产生的高温高压的排放物朝向电池单体20设置第一泄压机构213的方向排放，这种排放物的威力和破坏力通常 很大，因此，可以将经过第一泄压机构213排出的排放物分为两个通路共同进行排放，既能够加快排放速度，降低电池10爆炸的风险，又可以实现定向以及分散排放，避免排放物对其他部件的影响，以提高电池10的安全性和稳定性。
下面将对本申请实施例的第二通路132的设置方式进行描述。
图7示出了本申请另一实施例的电池10的分解结构示意图；图8示出了本申请另一实施例的的电池10的截面示意图，例如，该图8所示的电池10可以为图7所示的电池10，该图8所示的截面可以为图7所示的电池10的垂直于第二方面Y的截面；图9示出了本申请另一实施例的的电池10的局部截面示意图，例如，该图9可以为图8所示的区域A的放大图。
可选地，如图7至图9所示，箱体11还包括：收集腔11b，收集腔11b用于在第一泄压机构213致动时通过第二通路132收集来自电池单体20的排放物。该收集腔11b在泄压机构211致动时收集和/或处理经过第一泄压机构213排出的排放物，例如，可以用于在第一泄压机构213致动时收集经过第二通路132排出的排放物，收集腔11b可以对排放物进行降温，还可以将排放物排出至电池10外部。
本申请实施例的收集腔11b用于收集电池单体20的排放物，且可以是密封或非密封的。具体地，该收集腔11b内可以包含空气，或者其他气体。或者，收集腔11b内也可以包含液体，比如冷却介质，或者，设置容纳该液体的部件，以对进入收集腔11b的排放物进一步降温。进一步可选地，收集腔11b内的气体或者液体可以是循环流动的。
应理解，本申请实施例的该电气腔11a可以是密封或非密封的；类似地，本申请实施例的收集腔11b也可以是密封或非密封的，本申请实施对此不作限定。
应理解，本申请实施例的箱体11可以通过多种方式实现，本申请实施例对此不做限定。可选地，以图7至图9为例，对于电气腔11a，箱体11可以包括具有开口的第一罩体，通过第三壁1101盖合该第一罩体，以形成电气腔11a。这样，用于形成电气腔11a的壁包括该第一罩体和该第三壁1101，具体地，用于形成电气腔11a的壁包括该第一罩体和该第三壁1101的朝向电池单体20的第一子壁1101a。其中，该第一罩体也可以通过多种方式实现。例如，该第一罩体可以为一端开口的中空一体式结构。或者，该第一罩体也可以包括第一部分111和相对的两侧分别具有开口的第二部分，其中，该第二部分包括多个第四壁1102，即该第二部分可以由多个第四壁1102围合形成。第一部分111盖合第二部分112的一侧开口，以形成一端开口的第一罩体。
而对应的收集腔11b，可以通过第三壁1101实现。具体地，如图7至图9所示，电气腔11a包括与第一壁21a相对的第三壁1101，第三壁1101为中空结构，以使第三壁1101的内部形成至少部分收集腔11b。通过第三壁1101内部形成至少部分收集腔11b，由于该第三壁1101为一体化结构，可以简化箱体11结构，便于安装，提高电池10的加工效率。
在本申请实施例中，第三壁1101的朝向第一壁21a的第一子壁1101a设置有第一泄压区域1101b，第一泄压区域1101b与第一泄压机构213相对设置，第一泄压区域1101b用于形成至少部分第二通路132。该第三壁1101为中空结构，例如可以通过多个 子壁围合形成中空的第三壁1101。其中，该第三壁1101的朝向第一壁21a的壁为第一子壁1101a，该第一壁21a设置有第一泄压机构213，为了避免阻碍该第一泄压机构213致动，该第一子壁1101a设置有第一泄压区域1101b，第一泄压区域1101b用于在第一泄压机构213致动时，使得经过第一泄压机构213的排放物经由第一泄压区域1101b排至第三壁1101内部，即排入收集腔11b，进而避免排放物对电气腔11a内的其他电池单体20的破坏，避免热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
在本申请实施例中，该第一泄压区域1101b可以通过多种方式实现。例如，如图7至图9所示，第一泄压区域1101b为贯穿第一子壁1101a的厚度方向的第一通孔，第二通路132包括第一通孔。将该第一泄压区域1101b设置为第一通孔，一方面便于加工，另一方面，该第一通孔可以为第一泄压机构213致动提供变形空间，并且在第一泄压机构213致动时，迅速将排放物排至第三壁1101内部的收集腔11b，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池10的安全性。
再例如，第一泄压区域1101b为第一子壁1101a上的第一薄弱区，第一薄弱区用于在第一泄压机构213致动时被破坏，以形成至少部分第二通路132。若将该第一泄压区域1101b设置为第一薄弱区，该第一薄弱区在第一泄压机构213致动时能够被破坏，以使排放物穿过该第一薄弱区而进入第三壁1101内部的收集腔11b。这样，在第一泄压机构213未致动时，例如，电池10正常使用过程中，该第一薄弱区可以使得该第三壁1101处于相对密封状态，可以有效保护第一泄压机构213不被外力破坏而失效。并且，在第一泄压机构213致动时，第一薄弱区强度小于第一子壁1101a的除该第一泄压区域1101b以外其他区域处的强度，所以该第一薄弱区易于被破坏，以使来自设有第一泄压机构213的电池单体20的排放物穿过第一薄弱区排出电气腔11a，例如，可以穿过第一薄弱区而进入第三壁1101内部的收集腔11b。
可选地，第一子壁1101a的第一薄弱区可以通过多种方式实现。例如，第一子壁1101a设置有与第一泄压机构213相对设置的凹槽，该凹槽朝向远离第一泄压机构213的方向凹陷，以为第一泄压机构213提供变形空间，该凹槽的底壁可以形成该第一薄弱区。
可选地，还可以通过其它方式在第一子壁1101a中形成第一薄弱区作为第一泄压区域1101b，例如，在第一子壁1101a上设置刻痕以形成该第一薄弱区等等，本申请对此不做具体限定。
在本申请实施例中，第三壁1101的第二子壁1101c设置有第三泄压机构1104，第三泄压机构1104用于将经过第二通路132的排放物排出收集腔11b，第二子壁1101c与第一子壁1101a不同。如图7至图9所述，该第三壁1101可以包括与第一子壁1101a不同的第二子壁1101c，例如，该第二子壁1101c可以为与第一子壁1101a相交或者相对设置的壁。在第二子壁1101c上设置第三泄压机构1104，这样，在第三壁1101内部的收集腔11b的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，第三泄压机构1104致动以泄放收集腔11b的内部压力或温度，进而及时将收集腔11b内的排放物排出箱体11；并且，第二子壁1101c与第一子壁1101a不同，那么该排放物不会再次经过第三泄压机构1104进入电气腔11a，避免对电气腔11a内部件的影响，提高了电池10的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三泄压机构1104可以通过多种方式实现。例如，该第三泄压机构1104可以为第二子壁1101c的一部分，也可以与第二子壁1101c为分体式结构，以通过例如焊接的方式固定在第二子壁1101c上。当第三泄压机构1104为第二子壁1101c的一部分时，即该第三泄压机构1104可以与第二子壁1101c一体成型，该第三泄压机构1104可以通过在第二子壁1101c上设置刻痕或者凹槽的方式形成，该刻痕使得该第二子壁1101c的第三泄压机构1104所在区域的厚度小于该第二子壁1101c的除第三泄压机构1104以外的其他区域的厚度。当收集腔11b内收集的排放物太多，使得其内部压力升高并达到阈值时，或收集腔11b内部排放物的温度升高并达到阈值时，第二子壁1101c可以在刻痕处发生破裂而导致收集腔11b与外部相通，气体压力及温度通过第三泄压机构1104的裂开向外释放，进而避免电池10发生爆炸。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三泄压机构1104可以为各种可能的泄压结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定。例如，第三泄压机构1104可以为温敏泄压机构，温敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第三泄压机构1104的收集腔11b的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化；和/或，第三泄压机构1104可以为压敏泄压机构，压敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第三泄压机构1104的收集腔11b的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
应理解，为进一步提高排放物的排放的排放效率，还可以通过其他方式设置收集腔11b，例如，可以扩大收集腔11b，以提高排放效率。具体地，图10示出了本申请实施例的电池10的另一截面示意图，图10所示的截面垂直于第二方向Y，例如，该图10所示的截面可以与图8和图9所示的截面的方向一致。
如图10所示，电气腔11a包括与第三壁1101相交的第四壁1102，第四壁1102为中空结构且与第三壁1101的内部连通，以使第三壁1101的内部和第四壁1102的内部形成至少部分收集腔11b。对比图10与图7至图9可知，图7至图9中的第三壁1101内部用于形成收集腔11b，该第三壁1101与第四壁1102相交，但内部未连通；而图10中的第四壁1102内部为中空结构，并且第三壁1101内部和第四壁1102的内部连通，相比于图7至图9的实施例扩大了收集腔11b的范围，也就延长了第二通路132的范围，使得收集腔11b可以容纳更多排放物，也有利于内部排放物的降温，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池10的安全性。
应理解，如图10所示，第四壁1102的远离电气腔11a的第三子壁1102a设置有第四泄压机构1105，第四泄压机构1105用于将经过第二通路132的排放物排出收集腔11b。为了及时排出收集腔11b内的排放物，可以在第二子壁1101c上设置第三泄压机构1104；或者，还可以在第三子壁1102a上设置第四泄压机构1105，该第三子壁1102a为该第四壁1102的远离电气腔11a的壁。这样，在收集腔11b的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，第四泄压机构1105致动以泄放收集腔11b的内部压力或温度，进而及时将收集腔11b内的排放物排出箱体11；并且，第三子壁1102a远离电气腔11a，那么该排放物不会再次经过第四泄压机构1105进入电气腔11a，避免对电气腔11a内部件的影响，提高了电池10的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第四泄压机构1105可以通过多种方式实现。例如，与第二子壁1101c的第三泄压机构1104的设置方式类似，该第四泄压机构1105可以为 第三子壁1102a的一部分，也可以与第三子壁1102a为分体式结构，以通过例如焊接的方式固定在第三子壁1102a上，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，本申请实施例的第四泄压机构1105可以为各种可能的泄压结构，本申请实施例对此并不限定。例如，第四泄压机构1105可以为温敏泄压机构，温敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第四泄压机构1105的收集腔11b的内部温度达到阈值时能够熔化；和/或，第四泄压机构1105可以为压敏泄压机构，压敏泄压机构被配置为在设有第四泄压机构1105的收集腔11b的内部气压达到阈值时能够破裂。
可选地，本申请实施例的收集腔11b还可以通过其他方式形成。图11示出了本申请再一实施例的电池10的分解结构示意图；图12示出了本申请再一实施例的电池10的截面示意图，例如，该图12所述的电池10可以为图11所示的电池10，该图12所示的截面垂直于第二方向Y；图13示出了本申请再一实施例的电池10的局部截面示意图，例如，该图13为图12中区域B的放大图。
如图11至图13所示，本申请实施例的电池10还包括：隔离部件15，附接于第一壁21a，隔离部件15用于隔离电气腔11a和收集腔11b。这里所谓的“隔离”指分离，可以不是是密封的。具体地，采用隔离部件15隔离电气腔11a和收集腔11b，也就是说，用于容纳电池单体20和热管理部件12的电气腔11a与收集排放物的收集腔11b在空间上是相互分离的，避免二者之间相互影响。
在本申请实施例中，隔离部件15包括电气腔11a和收集腔11b共用的壁。如图11至图13所示，隔离部件15的至少部分可以直接作为电气腔11a和收集腔11b共用的壁，这样，可以尽可能减少电气腔11a和收集腔11b之间的距离，节省空间，提高箱体11的空间利用率。
可选地，本申请实施例的隔离部件15还可以为热管理部件，该热管理部件用于为电池单体20调节温度。具体地，该隔离部件15可以用于容纳流体或者固液相变材料，以给电池单体20调节温度。在给电池单体20降温的情况下，该隔离部件15可以容纳冷却介质以给电池单体20调节温度，此时，隔离部件15也可以称为冷却部件、冷却系统或冷却板等。
应理解，本申请实施例通过隔离部件15隔离电气腔11a和收集腔11b可以通过多种方式实现。例如，如图11至图13所示，对于电气腔11a，箱体11可以包括具有开口的第一罩体，隔离部件15盖合该第一罩体的开口，以形成电气腔11a。这样，用于形成电气腔11a的壁包括该第一罩体和该隔离部件15。其中，该第一罩体也可以通过多种方式实现。例如，该第一罩体可以为一端开口的中空一体式结构；或者，该第一罩体也可以包括第一部分111和相对的两侧分别具有开口的第二部分112，第一部分111盖合第二部分112的一侧开口，以形成一端开口的第一罩体，而隔离部件15盖合第二部分112的另一侧开口，以形成电气腔11a。
而对应的收集腔11b，如图11至图13所示，箱体11还包括：防护构件113，防护构件113用于与隔离部件15形成收集腔11b。另外，该防护构件113还可以用于防护隔离部件15，即该收集腔11b的壁包括防护构件113与隔离部件15。
再例如，不同于上述如图11至图13所示方式，箱体11也可以包括封闭的第二 罩体，该第二罩体可以用于形成电气腔11a，或者，通过将隔离部件13设置于该第二罩体内部，将第二罩体内部隔离出电气腔11a，进一步地，也可以隔离出收集腔11b。其中，该第二罩体也可以通过多种方式实现，例如，该第二罩体可以包括第三部分和第四部分，第四部分的一侧具有开口以形成半封闭结构，隔离部件13设置于第四部分的内部，第三部分盖合第四部分的开口，进而形成封闭的第二罩体。
在本申请实施例中，隔离部件15设置有第二泄压区域151，第二泄压区域151用于形成至少部分第二通路132。在电池单体20的第一泄压机构213致动时，经过第一泄压机构213排出的排放物可以穿过该第二泄压区域151并进入收集腔11b，进而避免排放物对电气腔11a内的其他电池单体20的破坏，避免热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该第二泄压区域151可以通过多种方式实现。例如，如图11至图13所示，第二泄压区域151为贯穿隔离部件15的厚度方向的第二通孔，第二通路132包括第二通孔。将该第二泄压区域151设置为第二通孔，一方面便于加工，另一方面，该第二通孔可以为第二泄压区域151致动提供变形空间，并且在第一泄压机构213致动时，迅速将排放物通过该第二通孔排至收集腔11b，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池10的安全性。
再例如，第二泄压区域151为第二薄弱区，第二薄弱区用于在第一泄压机构213致动时被破坏，以形成至少部分第二通路132。若将该第二泄压区域151设置为第二薄弱区，该第二薄弱区在第一泄压机构213致动时能够被破坏，以使排放物穿过该第二薄弱区而进入收集腔11b。这样，在第一泄压机构213未致动时，例如，电池10正常使用过程中，第二薄弱区可以使得该收集腔11b处于相对密封状态，可以有效保护第一泄压机构213不被外力破坏而失效。并且，在第一泄压机构213致动时，第二薄弱区强度小于隔离部件15的除该第二泄压区域151以外其他区域处的强度，所以该第二薄弱区易于被破坏，以使来自设有第一泄压机构213的电池单体20的排放物穿过第二薄弱区排出电气腔11a，例如，可以穿过第二薄弱区而进入收集腔11b。
可选地，隔离部件15的第二薄弱区可以通过多种方式实现。例如，隔离部件15设置有与第一泄压机构213相对的凹槽，该凹槽朝向远离第一泄压机构213的方向凹陷，以为第一泄压机构213提供变形空间，该凹槽的底壁可以形成该第二薄弱区。
可选地，还可以通过其它方式在隔离部件15上形成第二薄弱区作为第二泄压区域151，例如，在隔离部件15上设置刻痕以形成该第二薄弱区等等，本申请对此不做具体限定。
可选地，参考前述第一支撑件14的设置方式，本申请实施例的收集腔11b内可以设置有第二支撑件16。具体地，电池10还包括：第二支撑件16，设置在收集腔11b中，第二支撑件16用于提高收集腔11b的抗压强度。应理解，该第二支撑件16设置在收集腔11b中，该收集腔11b可以指上述如图7至图10所示的实施例中的收集腔11b，例如，可以指中空的第三壁1101形成的收集腔11b；或者，该收集腔11b也可以指如图11至图13所示的实施例中的收集腔11b，即由隔离部件14隔离的收集腔11b，本申请实施例并不限于此。为了便于描述，下文主要以如图11至图13所示的实施例中的收 集腔11b为例进行描述，但相关描述同样适用于如图7至图10所示的实施例中的收集腔11b，例如，第三壁1101的第一子壁1101a可以对应于隔离部件15，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
在收集腔11b中设置第二支撑件16，相对于空腔结构的收集腔11b，由于第二支撑件16在收集腔11b中提供支撑作用，因而该设置有第二支撑件16的收集腔11b具有更好的抗压强度，换言之，当外部压力作用于电池10时，设置有第二支撑件16的收集腔11b可抵挡大部分乃至全部的外部压力，从而减小或者消除外部压力对电气腔11a中电池单体20和热管理部件12等部件的影响，提升电池10的抗压性能和安全性能。
在一些应用场景中，电池10可安装于电动汽车的底盘，且为电动汽车的行驶提供电力。具体而言，电池10的收集腔11b相对于电气腔11a朝向电动汽车的底盘，电动汽车在行驶过程中可能会受到颠簸、飞石撞击等不良情况，会对电动汽车的底盘乃至安装于底盘上的电池10产生冲击和底部球击。通过本申请实施例的技术方案，收集腔11b中的第二支撑件16可提供良好的防冲击和防底部球击功能，降低或消除电动汽车在行驶过程中遇到的不良情况对电池10造成的影响，增强电池10的抗压性能和安全性能，从而进一步提高电动汽车的安全性能。
另外，相比于空腔的收集腔11b，第二支撑件16还可以用于形成至少部分第二通路132，以延长排放物在收集腔11b中的排放路径，降低其排出箱体11后的温度，进一步提升电池10及其所在用电设备的安全性能。
可选地，与第一支撑件14的设置方式类似，本申请实施例的第二支撑件16的形状、数量、尺寸、材料等参数，均可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，该第一支撑件14的上述参数的相关描述均适用于第二支撑件16，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。例如，本申请实施例主要以如图11至图13所示的条状第二支撑件16为例进行描述。
在本申请实施例中，该第二支撑件16可以通过多种方式形成至少部分第二通路132。例如，可以通过设置第二支撑件16的结构，使得该第二支撑件16自身形成该第二通路132的至少部分；或者，第二支撑件16可与收集腔11b的腔壁之间形成通过排放物的第二通路132；或者，若第二支撑件16的数量为多个，则多个第二支撑件16之间也可形成通过排放物的第二通路132。
图14和图15分别示出了本申请实施例的电池10的几种可能的截面示意图，例如，该图14和图15可以为图11所示的电池10的几种可能的局部截面示意图。具体地，在图11中，电池10包括沿第二方向Y排列的多个电池单体，例如，图11以包括4个电池单体20为例，而在图14和图15中，仅以沿第二方向Y排列的两个电池单体20为例进行示意。另外，图12所示的截面垂直于第二方向Y，而图14和图15所示的截面垂直于第一方向X，第一方向X垂直于第二方向Y，例如，该第一方向X可以为每个第二支撑件16延伸的方向，或者说每个第二支撑件16的轴向，但本申请实施例并不限于此。
如图14所示，第二支撑件16与隔离部件15的除第二泄压区域151以外的区域对应设置，以在第二支撑件16外部形成至少部分第二通路132。第二支撑件16与隔离部件15的除第二泄压区域151以外的区域对应设置，则依次经过第一泄压机构213和 第二泄压区域151排放的排放物排至在第二支撑件16的外部，从而在第二支撑件16的外部形成至少部分第二通路132，例如，可以在多个第二支撑件16之间或者该第二支撑件16与收集腔11b的壁之间形成第二通路132的至少部分，使得该排放物被定向排放。
通过本申请实施例的技术方案，第二支撑件16与隔离部件15的除第二泄压区域151以外的区域对应设置，避免第二支撑件16对第一泄压机构213以及第二泄压区域151造成影响。例如可以避免第二支撑件16堵塞经由第一泄压机构213和第二泄压区域151排放的来自电池单体20内部的排放物，使其能被及时排出电气腔11a，并由收集腔11收集。因此，基于本申请实施例设置的第二支撑件16，在提高收集腔11b的抗压强度的同时，不会对电池单体20安全性能造成影响。
可选地，如图14所示，第二支撑件16抵接于隔离部件15的除第二泄压区域151以外的区域。具体地，第二支撑件16可直接或者间接接触于该隔离部件15的除第二泄压区域151以外的区域，以保证第二支撑件16对该收集腔11b具有良好的支撑作用。例如，在箱体11的高度方向Z上，第二支撑件16可以设置于隔离部件15的下方，以支撑该隔离部件15以及位于隔离部件15另一侧的电池单体20。
可选地，如图14所示，电池10包括间隔设置的多个第二支撑件16，多个第二支撑件16之间形成第二通路132的至少部分。由于电池10内通常包括多个电池单体20，对应可以在收集腔11b的与多个电池单体20的对应区域内，相互间隔设置多个第二支撑件16，这样该多个第二支撑件16之间可以形成第二通路132的至少部分，排放物通过第一泄压机构213和第二泄压区域151排出后，可以排至多个第二支撑件16之间，以实现定向排放。
可选地，作为示例，如图14所示，对于每个电池单体20，可以根据该电池单体20的尺寸和位置，对应设置一个或者第二支撑件16；而对于沿着第二方向Y排列的多个电池单体20，相邻两个电池单体20之间可对应设置同一个第二支撑件16，该第二支撑件16的延伸方向为第一方向X，即沿第一方向X延伸的两排电池单体20可以共用同一个第二支撑件16。这样，通过将第二支撑件16对应设置于相邻两排电池单体20之间，可利用较少数量的第二支撑件16，既便于安装，又可以在支撑效果良好的情况下，减轻电池10的重量。
可选地，作为另一个实施例，如图15所示，第二支撑件16设置有第三开孔161，第三开孔161与第二泄压区域151对应设置，以使经过第二泄压区域151的排放物通过第三开孔161排放。这样，电池单体20的排放物通过第一泄压机构213和第二泄压区域151排出并进入该第三开孔161，则可以通过合理设置该第三开孔161的位置，实现该排放物的定向排放。
例如，若该第二支撑件16为实心结构，则该第三开孔161可以为贯穿该第二支撑件16的通孔，以使该第二支撑件16本身形成第二通路132的至少部分。
再例如，如图15所示，第二支撑件16为中空结构，第二泄压区域151通过第三开孔161与第二支撑件16的内部连通，以在第二支撑件16的内部形成第二通路132的至少部分。具体地，该第二支撑件16为空心结构，例如，该第二支撑件16可为管状 结构，则该第三开孔161可以为贯穿该第二支撑件16的管壁的通孔，例如，该第三开孔161可以贯穿该第二支撑件16的靠近隔离部件15的管壁。该第三开孔161与第一泄压机构213相对设置，也与第二泄压区域151相对设置，不会阻碍第一泄压机构213致动，也不会阻碍排放物穿过第二泄压区域151。这样，在第二支撑件16实现支撑功能的同时，第二支撑件16的第三开孔161也便于接收依次经由第一泄压机构213和第二泄压区域151排放的电池单体20的排放物，排放物经过第三开孔161后可收集至第二支撑件16的内部，该第三开孔161与第二支撑件16可以用于第二通路132的至少部分，使排放物能够定向排放，防止排放物对电气腔11a中的部件造成影响。
应理解，第三开孔161的截面面积不小于第二泄压区域151的面积，以进一步提升第三开孔161对排放物良好的导通效果，避免第三开孔161阻挡第二泄压区域151排出的排放物进入第二通路132。
可选地，如图15所示，沿着第一方向X排列的多个电池单体20可以对应设置有同一个条形的第二支撑件16，每个条形结构的第二支撑件16对应设置于每排电池单体20的第一泄压机构213下方，也对应设置于隔离部件15的沿第一方向X排列的多个第二泄压区域151的下方，则可利用较少数量、且便于安装的第二支撑件16，实现效果良好的支撑作用。
在本申请上述各实施例中，如图11至图15所示，第二支撑件16抵接于隔离部件15和/或防护构件113。这样，第二支撑件16可为隔离部件15和/或防护构件113提供支撑作用，以提高隔离部件15和/或防护构件113整体的抗压强度，尤其在第二支撑件16同时抵接隔离部件15和/或防护构件113时，可以同时提高隔离部件15和/或防护构件113整体的抗压强度，从而防止外部压力对收集腔11b的影响，也可以防止外部压力对电气腔11a中的电池单体20等部件造成影响。
可选地，第二支撑件16的连接面163抵接于隔离部件15和/或防护构件113，第二支撑件16的非连接面164设置有第四开孔162，以在第二支撑件16外部形成第二通路132的至少部分。具体地，第二支撑件16的连接面163为接触于隔离部件15和/或防护构件113的面，相反的，该第二支撑件16的非连接面164为该第二支撑件16中不接触于隔离部件15且不接触于防护构件113的面，该第二支撑件16的非连接面164可设置有第四开孔162，以在该第二支撑件16中形成第二通道132的至少部分，以增加通过电池单体20的排放物的排放路径。
具体地，无论在第二支撑件16的外部形成第二通路132的至少部分，或是在该第二支撑件16的内部形成第二通路132的至少部分，该第二支撑件16的非连接面164均可以用于形成该第二通路132的至少部分的壁，则在该第二支撑件16的非连接面164上设置第四开孔162，可以使得第二通路132中排放物中的气体排出，而该第二支撑件16的非连接面164上未设置第四开孔162的区域可以用于阻挡排放物中的固体。
例如，第二支撑件16的第四开孔162可用于通过排放物中的气体和/或液体，而第二支撑件16的其他区域可以用于阻挡排放物中的固体。如上文所述，来自电池单体20的排放物包括但不限于：电解液、被溶解或分裂的正负极极片、隔离膜的碎片、反应产生的高温高压气体，火星等等，该排放物均为高温物质。其中，高温正负极极 片、高温隔离膜碎片、火星等固体物质若直接经过排放阀排放至箱体11外，具有较大的安全隐患。通过本申请实施例的技术方案，第四开孔162可通过排放物中的高温气体和/或高温液体，且第二支撑件16的其他区域阻挡排放物中的高温固体。则第二支撑件16的第四开孔162可过滤排放物中的高温固体，将该高温固体阻挡在第二通道132的内部，防止排放物中的高温固体排出而造成安全隐患，从而提升电池10及其所在用电设备的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三开孔161的尺寸和/或第四开孔162的尺寸可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，第三开孔161和第四开孔162的尺寸可以不同或者相同。例如，第三开孔161的尺寸大于第四开孔162的尺寸，以便于尺寸较大的第三开孔161能够顺利通过经由第一泄压机构213排放的排放物，不会阻塞排放物的排放，而尺寸较小的第四开孔162可起到过滤作用，即该第四开孔162通过排放物中的高温气体和/或高温液体，且第二支撑件16阻挡排放物中的高温固体，防止排放物中的高温固体排出箱体11外造成安全隐患，从而提升电池及其所在用电设备的安全性。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三开孔161的形状和/或第四开孔162的形状可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，第三开孔161和第四开孔162的形状也可以相同或者不同。例如，该第三开孔161的形状可以与第二泄压区域151保持一致，以便于排放物顺利且及时通过；而第四开孔162的形状通常设置为矩形或者圆形，以便于加工。
可选地，本申请实施例的第三开孔161的数量和/或第四开孔162的数量可以根据实际应用灵活设置。例如，第三开孔161和第四开孔162的数量也可以相同或者不同。例如，该第三开孔161的数量可以与对应的第一泄压机构213或者第二泄压区域151保持一致，以使得第三开孔161与第一泄压机构213一一对应，或者与第二泄压区域151一一对应；而第二开孔141的数量可以根据实际应用灵活设置。
应理解，对于通过隔离部件15隔离出的收集腔11b，可以通过扩大收集腔11b的方式，以进一步提高排放物的排放的排放效率。具体地，如图12和图13所示，电气腔11a包括与隔离部件15相交的第四壁1102，第四壁1102为中空结构，以使第四壁1102的内部形成至少部分收集腔11b。也就是说，隔离部件15与防护构件113之间可以用于形成收集腔11b的至少部分，同时，对于与隔离部件15至少部分相交的第四壁1102，该第四壁1102可以设置为中空结构，以使该第四壁1102的内部与隔离部件15与防护构件113之间的收集腔11b连通，进而扩大收集腔11b的范围，也就延长了第二通路132的范围，使得收集腔11b可以容纳更多排放物，也有利于内部排放物的降温，提高排放物的排放效率，进而提高电池10的安全性。
应理解，第四壁1102的远离电气腔11a的第四子壁1102a设置有第四泄压机构1105，第四泄压机构1105用于将经过第二通路132的排放物排出收集腔11b。在收集腔11b的内部压力或温度达到阈值时，在第三子壁1102a上设置的第四泄压机构1105致动，以泄放收集腔11b的内部压力或温度，进而及时将收集腔11b内的排放物排出箱体11，其中，该第三子壁1102a为该第四壁1102的远离电气腔11a的壁。并且，由于第三子壁1102a远离电气腔11a，那么该排放物不会再次经过第四泄压机构1105进入电气腔11a，避免对电气腔11a内部件的影响，提高了电池10的安全性。
上文结合附图对本申请实施例的排放通路13进行了描述，下文将结合实施例对本申请实施例的热管理部件12进行描述。
应理解，本申请实施例的热管理部件12可以与电池单体20的第二壁21b附接，该第二壁21b可以为电池单体20的任意一个壁。
例如，结合上述各个实施例，图16示出了本申请实施例的电池10的局部示意图，例如，该图16可以为图2所示的电池10的局部区域C的局部放大图，或者，该图16也可以为图7所示的电池10的局部区域D的局部放大图，或者，该图16也可以为图11所示的电池10的局部区域E的局部放大图。如图16所示，第二壁21b为电池单体20的面积最大的壁，以增加热管理部件12与电池单体20之间的接触面积，从而更好地调节电池单体20的温度，以提高升温或者降温的效率。具体地，该电池单体20可以包括多个面积相等的壁，例如，该电池单体20的外壳21为长方体，则该电池单体20包括相对设置的两个面积相等且最大的壁，则第二壁21b可以为其中任意一个壁。为了便于描述，本申请实施例下文主要以该第二壁21b为电池单体20的任意一个面积最大的壁为例进行描述。
在本申请实施例中，电池10包括沿第一方向排列的多列电池单体20，多列电池单体20中每列电池单体20包括沿第二方向排列的至少一个电池单体20，第一方向垂直于第二方向和第二壁21b。这样，将电池10内的多个电池单体20按照阵列的方式进行排列，便于电池10的组装，也可以提高电池10内部的多个电池单体20的空间利用率。其中，由于第一方向X垂直于第二壁21b，则该热管理部件12附接于第二壁21b时，该第一方向X也垂直于热管理部件12。
可选地，如上述各实施例附图所示，热管理部件12附接于多列电池单体20中至少一列电池单体20的至少一个电池单体20的第二壁21b。对于多列电池单体20，存在至少一列电池单体20中的至少一个电池单体20对应设置有热管理部件12，该热管理部件12可以为附接的至少一个电池单体20调节温度。这样，该电池10内存在至少一个热管理部件12，每个热管理部件12可以为至少一个电池单体20调节温度。
在本申请实施例中，电池单体20包括沿第一方向相对设置的两个第二壁21b，多列电池单体20中至少一列电池单体20沿第一方向的两侧分别设置有附接于至少一个电池单体20的两个第二壁21b的热管理部件12。在多列电池单体20中存在至少一列电池单体20满足：对于该至少一列电池单体20中的任意一列电池单体20，该列电池单体20包括沿第一方向X相对设置的两个第二壁21b，并且两个第二壁21b均对应设置有热管理部件12，即该列电池单体20夹持在两个热管理部件12之间。因此，两个热管理部件12可以同时为该列电池单体20调节温度，可以提高温度调节效率，提高电池10的安全性。例如，若电池10内多列电池单体20中每一列电池单体20均对应设置有两个热管理部件12，可以极大提高温度调节效率，例如，在电池单体20发生热失控时，可以更加有效地降温，避免热扩散，提高电池10的安全性。
在本申请实施例中，多列电池单体20中至少相邻两列电池单体20之间设置同一个热管理部件12。这样，多个电池单体20中存在相邻两列电池单体20满足：该两列电池单体20之间设置有同一个热管理部件12，以便于电池10的加工和组装。例如， 沿第一方向X，可以存在部分电池单体20满足：相邻的两列电池单体20之间设置有同一热管理部件12；并且，也存在部分电池单体20满足：相邻两列电池单体20之间不设置热管理部件12，提高电池10内的空间利用率。再例如，如上述各实施例附图所示，也可以在多列电池单体20中每相邻两列电池单体20之间都设置热管理部件12，以使得每个电池单体20对应至少两个热管理部件12，从而提高温度调节效果。
应理解，本申请实施例的电池10内的热管理部件12的数量，可以根据实际应用进行设置。例如，可以根据电池单体20的尺寸和数量，选择电池10内热管理部件12的数量。
例如，电池10包括沿第一方向X排列的多个热管理部件12，增加热管理部件12的数量，可以提高温度调节效率。
再例如，多个热管理部件12沿第一方向X间隔设置，以使得相邻两个热管理部件12之间设置有至少一个电池单体20，避免存在多个热管理部件12之间相互附接，这样，既提高电池10的空间利用率，也可以提高温度调节效率。
在本申请实施例中，热管理部件12设置有容纳换热介质的换热通道，多个热管理部件12的换热通道相互连通。这样，多个热管理部件12之间相互连通，一方面，便于管理和控制，提高电池10的集成性和安全性；另一方面，当电池10中部分热管理部件12温度变化较大时，可以通过该换热通道实现热交换，以使得多个热管理部件12之间的温差较小，提高温度调节效率。另外，每个热管理部件12也可以设置多个换热通道，多个换热通道沿高度方向Z间隔设置，以增加热管理部件12与电池单体20的换热面积，提高温度调节效率。
应理解，本申请实施例中的每个热管理部件12与电池单体20的第二壁21b的接触面积可以根据实际应用进行设置，该接触面积是指热管理部件12与电池单体20的第二壁21b进行热交换的区域的面积，这里的接触可以指热管理部件12和第二壁21b直接接触，也可以指热管理部件12和第二壁21b之间通过导热胶、导热垫等间接接触。例如，热管理部件12沿第一方向X的的厚度D与面积占比S的比值的取值范围为[0.5mm,200mm]，面积占比S为第二壁21b的与热管理部件12接触的面积与第二壁21b的面积的比值。
图17示出本申请实施例的电池10的任意一列电池单体20以及对应设置的热管理部件12的示意图，例如，该图17中的一列电池单体20可以为图2所示的电池10、图7所示的电池10或者图11所示的电池10中包括的任意一列电池单体20；图18示出了本申请实施例的电池10的局部截面示意图，例如，图18可以为电池10的沿图17所述的F-F’方向的截面示意图。由于每个热管理部件12可以对应多个电池单体20，为了便于说明，如图17和图18所示，本申请实施例以任意一个热管理部件12为例，且以与该热管理部件12接触的任意一个电池单体20为例进行说明。
如图17和图18所示，本申请实施例的热管理部件12可以包括至少部分区域与第二壁21b相接触，即该热管理部件12可能包括部分区域不与第二壁21b相接触。具体地，以电池单体20的高度方向Z为例，该第二壁21b的高度H1可以大于或者等于或者小于热管理部件12的高度H2，而该热管理部件12与第二壁21b相接触的区域的高 度H3可以小于或者等于该第二壁21b的高度H1，并且，该热管理部件12与第二壁21b相接触的区域的高度H3可以小于或者等于热管理部件12的高度H2。与之对应的，该第二壁21b的面积可以大于或者等于或者小于热管理部件12的面积，而该热管理部件12与第二壁21b相接触的区域的面积可以小于或者等于该第二壁21b的面积，并且，该热管理部件12与第二壁21b相接触的区域的面积可以小于或者等于热管理部件12的面积，以使得该热管理部件12的至少部分区域与第二壁21b的至少部分区域相接触。
应理解，由于热管理部件12可以对应于多个电池单体20，因此，上文中该热管理部件12的面积表示该热管理部件12的对应于一个电池单体20的面积。例如，如图17和图18所示，该热管理部件12可以对应于六个电池单体20，则上文中热管理部件12的面积表示：该热管理部件的12的朝向电池单体20的第二壁21b的表面的总面积除以六，即该热管理部件12的对应于一个电池单体20的面积。
由于热管理部件12可以部分与第二壁21b接触，因此，本申请实施例的面积占比S的取值范围可以设置为[0.1，1]，以使得热管理部件12的至少部分区域与第二壁21b相接触。并且，面积占比S越大，温度调节效果越好。
可选地，本申请实施例的热管理部件12的厚度D可以指该热管理部件12的平均厚度，或者，也可以指该热管理部件12的与电池单体20的第二壁21b对应的区域或者说接触的区域的平均厚度，本申请实施例并不限于此。例如，为了便于加工，本申请实施例的热管理部件12通常为厚度均匀的板状结构。
本申请实施例的热管理部件12的厚度D的取值范围通常可以设置为[0.5mm，20mm]。若厚度D设置过小，则热管理部件12的加工难度较大，并且强度太小，在组装时容易发生断裂，降低了电池10的加工效率。相反地，若厚度D设置过大，则热管理部件12占用空间较大，降低了电池10的空间利用率，也就降低了电池10的能量密度。因此，热管理部件12的厚度D不宜设置过大或者过小。
应理解，本申请实施例的D/S的取值也不宜设置过大或者过小。若D/S设置过小，若面积占比S取值一定，该热管理部件12的厚度D会过小，热管理部件12的加工难度较大，并且强度太小，在组装时容易发生断裂，降低了电池10的加工效率。相反地，若D/S设置过大，一方面热管理部件12的厚度D可能会较大，则热管理部件12占用空间较大，降低了电池10的空间利用率，也就降低了电池10的能量密度，还可能影响电池10的电量需求；另一方面，面积占比S可能过小，即热管理部件12与电池单体20的第二壁21b的接触面积过小，则会导致温度调节的效率较差。
因此，本申请实施例的热管理部件12的厚度D与面积占比S的比值的取值范围通常可以设置为[0.5mm,200mm]。例如，热管理部件12的厚度D与面积占比S的比值可以等于0.5mm、1mm、2mm、3mm、4mm、5mm、10mm、20mm、30mm、40mm、50mm、60mm、70mm、80mm、90mm、100mm、120mm、140mm、160mm、180mm或者200mm。再例如，热管理部件12的厚度D与面积占比S的比值也可以设置为其他数值，例如该比值的取值范围可以设置为[0.5mm,4mm]或者[1mm,4mm]。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存 在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (49)

  1. 一种电池(10)，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单体(20)，所述电池单体(20)的第一壁(21a)设置有第一泄压机构(213)；
    热管理部件(12)，用于调节所述电池单体(20)的温度，所述热管理部件(12)附接于所述电池单体(20)的第二壁(21b)，所述第二壁(21b)与所述第一壁(21a)不同，且所述第二壁(21b)的面积大于或等于所述第一壁(21a)的面积；
    排放通路(13)，被配置为在所述第一泄压机构(213)致动时，能够经由所述第一泄压机构(213)与所述电池单体(20)的内部相连通，以使所述电池单体(20)的排放物排出至所述排放通路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)还包括：
    箱体(11)，所述箱体(11)包括电气腔(11a)，所述电气腔(11a)用于容纳所述电池单体(20)和所述热管理部件(12)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述排放通路(13)包括第一通路(131)，所述第一通路(131)用于将从所述第一泄压机构(213)排出的排放物排向所述电气腔(11a)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电气腔(11a)包括与所述第一壁(21a)相对的第三壁(1101)，所述第一通路(131)的至少部分位于所述第一壁(21a)和所述第三壁(1101)之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)还包括：
    第一支撑件(14)，所述第一支撑件(14)设置在所述第一壁(21a)与所述第三壁(1101)之间，所述第一支撑件(14)用于形成至少部分所述第一通路(131)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件(14)与所述第一壁(21a)的除所述第一泄压机构(213)以外的区域对应设置，以在所述第一支撑件(14)外部形成所述第一通路(131)的至少部分。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件(14)抵接于所述第一壁(21a)的除所述第一泄压机构(213)以外的区域。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)包括间隔设置的多个所述第一支撑件(14)，多个所述第一支撑件(14)之间形成所述第一通路(131)的至少部分。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件(14)设置有第一开孔(141)，所述第一开孔(141)与所述第一泄压机构(213)对应设置，以使经过所述第一泄压机构(213)的排放物通过所述第一开孔(141)排放。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件(14)为中空结构，所述第一泄压机构(213)通过所述第一开孔(141)与所述第一支撑件(14)的内部连通，以在所述第一支撑件(14)的内部形成所述第一通路(131)的至少部分。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一开孔(141)的横截面面积不小于所述第一泄压机构(213)的面积。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件(14)抵接于所述第一壁(21a)和/或所述第三壁(1101)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一支撑件(14)的连接面(143)抵接于所述第一壁(21a)和/或所述第三壁(1101)，所述第一支撑件(14)的非连接面(144)设置有第二开孔(142)，以在所述第一支撑件(14)的外部形成所述第一通路(131)的至少部分。
  14. 根据权利要求4至13中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一壁(21a)和所述第三壁(1101)之间具有间隙，所述间隙用于形成至少部分所述第一通路(131)。
  15. 根据权利要求4至14中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第三壁(1101)和/或第四壁(1102)设置有第二泄压机构(1103)，所述第二泄压机构(1103)用于将经过所述第一通路(131)的排放物排出所述电气腔(11a)，所述第四壁(1102)为所述电气腔(11a)的与所述第三壁(1101)相交的壁。
  16. 根据权利要求2至15中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述排放通路(13)包括第二通路(132)，所述第二通路(132)用于将从所述第一泄压机构(213)排出的排放物排出所述电气腔(11a)。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述箱体(11)还包括：
    收集腔(11b)，所述收集腔(11b)用于在所述第一泄压机构(213)致动时通过所述第二通路(132)收集来自所述电池单体(20)的排放物。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电气腔(11a)包括与所述第一壁(21a)相对的第三壁(1101)，所述第三壁(1101)为中空结构，以使所述第三壁(1101)的内部形成至少部分所述收集腔(11b)。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第三壁(1101)的朝向所述第一壁(21a)的第一子壁(1101a)设置有第一泄压区域(1101b)，所述第一泄压区域(1101b)与所述第一泄压机构(213)相对设置，所述第一泄压区域(1101b)用于形成至少部分所述第二通路(132)。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一泄压区域(1101b)为贯穿所述第一子壁(1101a)的厚度方向的第一通孔，所述第二通路(132)包括所述第一通孔。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第一泄压区域(1101b)为所述第一子壁(1101a)上的第一薄弱区，所述第一薄弱区用于在所述第一泄压机构(213)致动时被破坏，以形成至少部分所述第二通路(132)。
  22. 根据权利要求19至21中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第三壁(1101)的第二子壁(1101c)设置有第三泄压机构(1104)，所述第三泄压机构(1104)用于将经过所述第二通路(132)的排放物排出所述收集腔(11b)，所述第二子壁(1101c)与所述第一子壁(1101a)不同。
  23. 根据权利要求18至22中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电气腔(11a)包括与所述第三壁(1101)相交的第四壁(1102)，所述第四壁(1102)为中空结构且与所述第三壁(1101)的内部连通，以使所述第三壁(1101)的内部和所述第四壁(1102)的内部形成至少部分所述收集腔(11b)。
  24. 根据权利要求17所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)还包括：
    隔离部件(15)，附接于所述第一壁(21a)，所述隔离部件(15)用于隔离所述电气腔(11a)和所述收集腔(11b)。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述隔离部件(15)设置有第二泄压区域(151)，所述第二泄压区域(151)用于形成至少部分所述第二通路(132)。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二泄压区域(151)为贯穿所述隔离部件(15)的厚度方向的第二通孔，所述第二通路(132)包括所述第二通孔。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二泄压区域(151)为第二薄弱区，所述第二薄弱区用于在所述第一泄压机构(213)致动时被破坏，以形成至少部分所述第二通路(132)。
  28. 根据权利要求24至27中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)还包括：
    第二支撑件(16)，设置在所述收集腔(11b)中，所述第二支撑件(16)用于提高所述收集腔(11b)的抗压强度。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑件(16)与所述隔离部件(15)的除所述第二泄压区域(151)以外的区域对应设置，以在所述第二支撑件(16)外部形成至少部分所述第二通路(132)。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑件(16)抵接于所述隔离部件(15)的除所述第二泄压区域(151)以外的区域。
  31. 根据权利要求28所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑件(16)设置有第三开孔(161)，所述第三开孔(161)与所述第二泄压区域(151)对应设置，以使经过所述第二泄压区域(151)的排放物通过所述第三开孔(161)排放。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑件(16)为中空结构，所述第二泄压区域(151)通过所述第三开孔(161)与所述第二支撑件(16)的内部连通，以在所述第二支撑件(16)的内部形成所述第二通路(132)的至少部分。
  33. 根据权利要求31或32所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第三开孔(161)的截面面积不小于所述第二泄压区域(151)的面积。
  34. 根据权利要求28至33中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述箱体(11)还包括：
    防护构件(113)，所述防护构件(113)用于与所述隔离部件(15)形成所述收集腔(11b)。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑件(16)抵接 于所述隔离部件(15)和/或所述防护构件(113)。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二支撑件(16)的连接面(163)抵接于所述隔离部件(15)和/或所述防护构件(113)，所述第二支撑件(16)的非连接面(164)设置有第四开孔(162)，以在所述第二支撑件(16)外部形成所述第二通路(132)的至少部分。
  37. 根据权利要求24至36中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电气腔(11a)包括与所述隔离部件(15)相交的第四壁(1102)，所述第四壁(1102)为中空结构，以使所述第四壁(1102)的内部形成至少部分所述收集腔(11b)。
  38. 根据权利要求23或37所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第四壁(1102)的远离所述电气腔(11a)的第三子壁(1102a)设置有第四泄压机构(1105)，所述第四泄压机构(1105)用于将经过所述第二通路(132)的排放物排出所述收集腔(11b)。
  39. 根据权利要求1至38中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述第二壁(21b)为所述电池单体(20)的面积最大的壁。
  40. 根据权利要求1至39中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)包括沿第一方向排列的多列电池单体(20)，所述多列电池单体(20)中每列电池单体(20)包括沿第二方向排列的至少一个所述电池单体(20)，所述第一方向垂直于所述第二方向和所述第二壁(21b)。
  41. 根据权利要求40所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述热管理部件(12)附接于所述多列电池单体(20)中至少一列电池单体(20)的至少一个所述电池单体(20)的所述第二壁(21b)。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池单体(20)包括沿所述第一方向相对设置的两个所述第二壁(21b)，所述多列电池单体(20)中至少一列电池单体(20)沿所述第一方向的两侧分别设置有附接于至少一个所述电池单体(20)的两个所述第二壁(21b)的所述热管理部件(12)。
  43. 根据权利要求40至42中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述多列电池单体(20)中至少相邻两列电池单体(20)之间设置同一个所述热管理部件(12)。
  44. 根据权利要求40至43中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述电池(10)包括沿所述第一方向排列的多个所述热管理部件(12)。
  45. 根据权利要求44所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，多个所述热管理部件(12)沿所述第一方向间隔设置。
  46. 根据权利要求44或45所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述热管理部件(12)设置有容纳换热介质的换热通道，多个所述热管理部件(12)的所述换热通道相互连通。
  47. 根据权利要求1至46中任一项所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，所述热管理部件(12)沿第一方向的厚度D与面积占比S的比值D/S的取值范围为[0.5mm,200mm]，所述第一方向垂直于所述第二壁(21b)，所述面积占比S为所述第二壁(21b)的与所述热管理部件(12)接触的面积与所述第二壁(21b)的面积的比值。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的电池(10)，其特征在于，D/S的取值范围为[1mm,100mm]。
  49. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括：
    根据权利要求1至48中任一项所述的电池(10)，所述电池(10)用于为所述用电设备提供电能。
PCT/CN2022/128750 2022-10-31 2022-10-31 电池和用电设备 Ceased WO2024092445A1 (zh)

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