WO2024095614A1 - 重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 - Google Patents
重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024095614A1 WO2024095614A1 PCT/JP2023/033085 JP2023033085W WO2024095614A1 WO 2024095614 A1 WO2024095614 A1 WO 2024095614A1 JP 2023033085 W JP2023033085 W JP 2023033085W WO 2024095614 A1 WO2024095614 A1 WO 2024095614A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- weld
- less
- pulse
- bead
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/0216—Seam profiling, e.g. weaving, multilayer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/025—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for rectilinear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
- B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/09—Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lap fillet arc welding method and a method for manufacturing a welded joint that suppresses slag and produces an arc welded joint with a good weld toe shape.
- components used in corrosive environments are subjected to anti-rust treatments such as chemical conversion coating and electrocoating after welding to ensure corrosion resistance.
- rust and corrosion may be observed at the weld and its vicinity.
- corrosion that occurs in components that have been electrocoated tends to start at the weld, and over time it spreads over a wide area at the weld and its surroundings, accompanied by blistering of the paint film, and also progresses in the thickness direction.
- the plate thickness at the weld and its vicinity decreases, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the weld and ultimately the strength of the component.
- a load acts on the weld (such as an automobile's suspension components)
- a chemical conversion treatment (such as zinc phosphate treatment) is applied to the base steel sheet and weld metal as a pretreatment to improve adhesion between the electrodeposition coating and the base steel sheet and weld metal, and then electrodeposition painting is performed.
- Zinc phosphate treatment a widely used example of a chemical conversion treatment, is a technique in which zinc phosphate crystals are grown on the surface of the base steel sheet and weld metal to improve the adhesion of the coating during electrodeposition painting.
- paint blistering frequently occurs over a wide area at and around the weld over time.
- the plated layer evaporates at the welded parts that are exposed to high heat from the heat source, the arc plasma (hereafter referred to as "arc"), and non-plated parts are locally exposed. Therefore, it is not possible to expect a significant improvement in corrosion resistance that would justify the increased cost associated with using steel sheets with a plated layer.
- the starting point of corrosion from the weld is (a) Slag adhering to the weld (mainly the surface of the weld bead), (b) Welding fumes adhering to the welded part; (c) Oxides formed on the surface of steel plates exposed to high temperatures by welding; Even if a member having the above-mentioned deposits (a) and (b) or oxides (c) present at the welded portion is subjected to chemical conversion treatment, regions that are not covered with the chemical conversion layer made of zinc phosphate crystals will remain locally, originating from these deposits and products.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique in which after arc welding and before electrocoating, the weld and its vicinity are sprayed or immersed in a non-oxidizing acidic solution with a pH of 2 or less and a liquid temperature of 30 to 90°C. This technique removes the above-mentioned (a) slag, (b) welding fumes, and (c) oxides by dissolving the weld beads and steel plate in a non-oxidizing solution.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technology that reduces the total Si content of the welding wire and base material used in arc welding, and increases the total Mn content of the welding wire and base material, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the weld and its vicinity after painting.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technology that allows a sufficient formation of a chemical conversion layer even on weld beads that contain slag, welding fumes, and oxides by adjusting the components of the treatment liquid used in the chemical conversion treatment. This technology makes it easy to form a chemical conversion layer by performing surface treatment using a surface adjustment liquid that contains zinc phosphate colloid. Furthermore, by performing chemical conversion treatment using a zinc phosphate treatment liquid with an F content of 100 mass ppm or more, slag, welding fumes, and oxides are dissolved and removed, improving the adhesion of the coating film formed by electrocoating.
- Patent Document 3 uses a zinc phosphate treatment liquid that contains fluorine, which is designated as a toxic substance, so when the waste liquid is discharged outside the factory, the fluorine content must be reduced to a level that meets environmental standards. Therefore, in addition to the parts manufacturing equipment, large-scale waste liquid treatment equipment is required.
- the present invention was made in consideration of these problems, and aims to provide a lap fillet arc welding method and a method for manufacturing a welded joint that can prevent oxygen from being mixed into the weld metal and suppress the generation of slag without using special equipment, and can stably obtain a welded joint with a good weld bead shape.
- the inventors have found that the most effective way to improve the corrosion resistance of the weld and stably obtain a welded joint with a good bead shape is to set the welding target position at the end of the upper sheet of two steel sheets and within a specified range in the direction perpendicular to the weld line of the lower sheet from the overlap corner, which is the corner formed by the two steel sheets.
- it is important to suppress the oxidation of Si, Mn, Ti, etc.
- the inventors came up with the idea that regular droplet transfer would be effective in ensuring a stable supply of deposited metal to the weld, and decided to utilize short-circuit transfer, which is less affected by arc fluctuations. From the perspective of smoothing the weld bead shape, they also considered that by offsetting the welding target position, which is the end of the upper sheet of two steel sheets and is also the corner of the overlapping portion formed by the two steel sheets, in a direction perpendicular to the weld line of the lower sheet, it would be possible to increase the contact area between the weld surface and the arc even without elements that reduce surface tension, and therefore increase the weld metal width and reduce the weld metal height for a constant deposition amount.
- a fillet arc welding method for joining a corner consisting of at least two steel plates comprising the steps of: a lap fillet arc welding method in which joining is performed using short-circuit transfer, a welding target position is an end portion of an upper sheet of the two steel sheets, and is 0.2 mm to 1.8 mm in a direction perpendicular to the weld line of the lower sheet, starting from a corner of the overlapping portion that is a corner formed by the two steel sheets, a gas containing 98 volume % or more of Ar is used as a shielding gas, and a weld metal height H (mm) and a weld metal width W (mm) of the weld portion satisfy the following formula (1): 0.2 ⁇ H/W ⁇ 1.2 (1)
- the present invention it is possible to stably obtain welded joints with good bead shapes. Moreover, it is possible to suppress the intrusion of oxygen into the weld metal and the generation of slag without making special changes to the welding equipment used in conventional MAG welding, which uses oxidizing gases, or MIG welding, which uses gases mainly composed of inert gases.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a welded joint produced by lap fillet arc welding.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a weld bead.
- 2(a) and 2(b) are schematic diagrams showing droplet transfer in conventional arc welding.
- 3(a) and 3(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating short-circuit transfer in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a pulse current waveform in arc welding according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the bead area and slag coverage area of a weld bead.
- Figure 1-1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a welded joint produced by lap fillet arc welding, illustrating an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- the above is a representative example, and the shape of the welded joint and the welding position are not limited.
- the welding wire 1 which is continuously fed from the welding torch 2 through the center of the welding torch 2 to the base material 3 (more specifically, a weld line consisting of the corner of a step formed by stacking two layers of base material 3), is used as the anode, and the base material 3 is used as the cathode, and a welding voltage is applied from a welding power source (not shown).
- a welding power source not shown
- a part of the Ar shielding gas (not shown) supplied from inside the welding torch 2 is ionized and turned into plasma, forming an arc 5 between the welding wire 1 and the base material 3.
- the part of the Ar shielding gas that does not ionize and flows from the welding torch 2 to the base material 3 plays a role in insulating the arc 5 and the molten pool (not shown in FIG. 1-1) formed by melting the base material 3 from the outside air.
- the heat input from the arc 5 melts the tip of the welding wire 1 into a molten droplet, and the molten droplet is transported to the molten pool by electromagnetic force, gravity, etc. This phenomenon occurs continuously as the welding torch 2 or base material 3 moves, causing the molten pool to solidify behind the weld line, forming a weld bead 6. This achieves the joining of at least two steel plates.
- the solidified molten pool becomes the weld metal.
- FIG 1-2 shows the welding target position in Figure 1-1.
- the welding target position is the intersection of the welding wire 1 and the base material 3, which is the end of the upper sheet of the two steel sheets, and is set as the welding target position on the target line 20 a specified distance away from the overlap corner 19, which is the corner formed by the two steel sheets.
- FIG 1-3 shows a cross section of a weld bead. Welding is performed while ensuring a specified weld metal height (H) 25, weld metal width (W) 26, and flank angle ( ⁇ ) 27 in the weld bead 6 (weld portion). The above will be described in detail later.
- the cathode spot is not fixed in MIG welding, which does not generate oxides derived from O 2 or CO 2 , and the cathode spot moves around the surface of the base material vigorously in search of a place with a low work function. For this reason, the welding is unstable, and a welded joint with a meandering or wavy shape of the weld bead 6 is obtained.
- 2(a) and 2(b) are schematic diagrams illustrating droplet transfer in conventional MIG welding.
- the welding wire 1 melts and is continuously transported from a long and thin liquid column to the molten pool 8.
- the electromagnetic pinch force acting on the welding wire 1 is small, making it difficult for the droplets 7 to separate.
- an effective means of stabilizing droplet transfer is to regularly repeat the non-short circuit state of FIG. 3(a) and the short circuit state of FIG. 3(b) between the tip of the welding wire 1 and the base material 3, and to complete the joining by so-called periodic short circuit transfer, in which droplets 7 transfer to the base material 3 during the short circuit state.
- Gas containing 98% or more Ar by volume In order to improve the corrosion resistance of the welded portion, it is necessary to suppress the amount of slag produced that adheres to the welded portion, and for this purpose, it is important to suppress the oxidation of Si, Mn, Ti, etc. contained in the steel plate and the welding wire 1. For this reason, it is necessary to use a gas containing 98% or more Ar by volume as the shielding gas. It is preferable to set the Ar content to 99% or more by volume. There is no particular upper limit, and Ar may be 100% by volume.
- H/W 0.2 ⁇ H/W ⁇ 1.2
- 25 is the weld metal height (H)
- 26 is the weld metal width (W)
- 27 is the flank angle ( ⁇ ).
- H/W is 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, and even more preferably 0.35 or more. If H/W is more than 1.2, the weld bead 6 becomes convex and the flank angle 27 becomes excessively small. Therefore, H/W is set to 1.2 or less. Preferably, H/W is 1.1 or less, more preferably 1.0 or less, and even more preferably 0.9 or less. The units of H and W are both mm.
- the molten metal height (H) and weld metal width (W) are measured according to the following method.
- the molten metal height (H) 25 and weld metal width (W) 26 were measured in a cross section in the plate thickness direction perpendicular to the weld line at five arbitrary points of the weld bead 6 in an area excluding the bead start and end portions 10 (each 15 mm long) of the weld bead 6 shown in Fig. 6 as described later.
- the arbitrary five points were located at positions 5 mm or more apart from each other.
- the weld bead 6 was cut at arbitrary points in the plate thickness direction perpendicular to the weld line, and the molten metal height 25 and weld metal width 26 were determined for each point, and their average values were taken as the "molten metal height (H)" and the "weld metal width (W)."
- H/T 0.8 or more. More preferably, H/T is 0.9 or more.
- H/T is preferably 1.8 or less. More preferably, H/T is 1.6 or less.
- W/T As a weld metal width (W) is such that, when the thickness of the upper plate is T (mm), W/T is preferably 1.5 or more. More preferably, W/T is 1.6 or more. As an upper limit, W/T is preferably 3.0 or less. More preferably, W/T is 2.8 or less.
- the welding target position is an end of the upper sheet of two steel sheets, and is located between 0.2 mm and 1.8 mm from the overlap corner, which is a corner formed by the two steel sheets, in a direction perpendicular to the weld line of the lower sheet.
- the welding target position in the present invention is a point where an extension line of the welding wire 1 intersects with the base material 3 as shown in FIG. 1-2.
- the weld metal width 26 can be increased and the weld metal height 25 can be reduced even in gas-shielded arc welding with a high Ar ratio, which increases the surface tension of the molten metal, and 0.2 ⁇ H/W ⁇ 1.2 can be satisfied.
- the offset value 22 is less than 0.2 mm, the welding area is limited to a narrow range, and the weld bead is likely to be convex, and H/W may be excessive.
- the offset value 22 is set to 0.2 mm or more, that is, the welding target position is set to 0.2 mm or more in the direction perpendicular to the weld line of the lower sheet from the overlap corner.
- the offset value 22 is preferably 0.3 mm or more, more preferably 0.4 mm or more, and even more preferably 0.5 mm or more.
- the offset value 22 is greater than 1.8 mm, the current path formation at the overlap corner becomes unstable, so that the arc plasma fluctuates greatly, making stable welding difficult.
- the amount of slag may increase due to air entrainment.
- the offset value 22 is set to 1.8 mm or less, that is, the welding target position is set to 1.8 mm or less in the direction perpendicular to the weld line of the lower sheet from the overlap corner.
- the offset value 22 is preferably 1.7 mm or less, more preferably 1.6 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.5 mm or less.
- Pulse peak current (Ip) is 300 A or more and 600 A or less (optimal condition)
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a pulse current waveform in the arc welding of the present invention.
- Pulse welding is a method in which a pulse peak current (Ip) and a pulse base current (Ib) are periodically repeated to perform welding. If the pulse peak current (Ip) is too small, the droplet 7 formed at the tip of the welding wire 1 cannot be pushed down to the molten pool 8, and the short circuit may become unstable, or sufficient heat input may not be ensured, resulting in deterioration of the bead shape. Therefore, the pulse peak current (Ip) is preferably 300 A or more. More preferably, it is 350 A or more.
- the pulse peak current (Ip) is preferably 600 A or less. More preferably, it is 590 A or less. Even more preferably, it is 580 A or less. Most preferably, it is 570 A or less. Since a short circuit occurs during the pulse peak current, the pulse peak current time (tp) per cycle is preferably 0.5 ms or more. The pulse peak current time (tp) per cycle is more preferably 0.7 ms or more, and even more preferably 0.8 ms or more.
- the pulse peak current time (tp) per cycle is desirably 3.5 ms or less.
- the pulse peak current time (tp) per cycle is more preferably 3.3 ms or less, and even more preferably 3.2 ms or less.
- the pulse base current (Ib) is preferably 30 A or more.
- the pulse base current (Ib) is more preferably 35 A or more. Even more preferably, it is 40 A or more, and most preferably 45 A or more.
- it is too large, it may cause burn-through, and the difference between the pulse peak current (Ip) and the pulse base current (Ib) may not be sufficiently secured, and the effect of pushing down the droplet 7 formed at the tip of the welding wire 1 to the molten pool 8 and short-circuiting may not be sufficiently obtained, resulting in unstable welding.
- the pulse base current (Ib) is preferably 120 A or less.
- the pulse base current (Ib) is more preferably 110 A or less.
- the pulse base current (Ib) is even more preferably 100 A or less, and most preferably 90 A or less. If the pulse base current time (tb) per cycle is too short, the droplet 7 cannot grow to the ideal size, and periodic short circuiting may not be realized. Therefore, the pulse base current time (tb) per cycle is preferably 1.0 ms or more.
- the pulse base current time (tb) per cycle is more preferably 1.5 ms or more, even more preferably 2.0 ms or more, and most preferably 2.5 ms or more.
- the pulse base current time (tb) per cycle is preferably 10.0 ms or less.
- the pulse base current time (tb) per cycle is more preferably 9.0 ms or less, even more preferably 8.5 ms or less, and most preferably 8.0 ms or less.
- tup and fall time (tdown) are each 0.1 to 3.0 ms.
- tup is 0.1 ms or more. More preferably, it is 0.3 ms or more, and even more preferably, it is 0.4 ms or more. Most preferably, it is 0.5 ms or more.
- tdown is 3.0 ms or less. More preferably, it is 2.8 ms or less, and even more preferably, it is 2.6 ms or less. Most preferably, it is 2.5 ms or less.
- Pulse frequency is 30 Hz or more and 200 Hz or less (optimal condition) By setting the pulse frequency within the above range, in addition to stabilizing the movement of the droplet 7, the amount of deposition can be made uniform, thereby making it possible to obtain a stable and appropriate flank angle 27.
- the pulse frequency is less than 30 Hz, the short circuit transfer period becomes large, and large droplets 7 move to the molten pool 8, or droplet transfer modes other than short circuit transfer (for example, streaming transfer, etc.) are irregularly mixed. Therefore, the pulse frequency is preferably 30 Hz or more.
- the pulse frequency is more preferably 40 Hz or more, and even more preferably 50 Hz or more.
- the pulse frequency is preferably 200 Hz or less.
- the pulse frequency is more preferably 180 Hz or less, and even more preferably 160 Hz or less.
- the welding speed When the welding speed is high, it becomes difficult to maintain a constant deposition amount and to control a continuous, stable weld bead shape, which may induce welding defects such as undercuts.
- the above phenomenon becomes particularly noticeable under welding conditions of 200 cm/min or more, and it becomes necessary to limit the speed to the contents described below. Therefore, it is preferable to set the welding speed to 200 cm/min or less. More preferably, it is 160 cm/min or less, and even more preferably, it is 120 cm/min or less.
- the welding speed when the welding speed is low, the heat input and deposition amount become excessive, and burn-through may occur. Therefore, it is preferable to set the welding speed to 20 cm/min or more. More preferably, it is 30 cm/min or more, and even more preferably, it is 40 cm/min or more.
- the average frequency (short circuit frequency) F (Hz) of short circuit transfer affects the volume of the droplet 7 at the end of the welding wire 1, and is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 Hz or more.
- the average frequency (short circuit frequency) F (Hz) of short circuit transfer is more preferably 30 Hz or more, and even more preferably 40 Hz or more.
- the average frequency (short circuit frequency) F (Hz) of short circuit transfer is preferably 200 Hz or less. More preferably, it is 180 Hz or less, and even more preferably, it is 150 Hz or less.
- the short circuit frequency refers to the number of occurrences per unit time of the phenomenon (short circuit phenomenon) in which the droplet 7 at the tip of the wire comes into contact with the molten pool 8 and the arc 5 is extinguished.
- the average frequency (short circuit frequency) F (Hz) of short circuit transfer can be measured, for example, by monitoring the transition of the arc voltage during welding with an oscilloscope, counting the number of times it becomes zero, and dividing the count number by the monitoring time to obtain the number of counts per second. If the above monitoring time is too short, the above count number will vary greatly, so it is preferable to set it to 0.5 s or more.
- the monitoring time is preferably 0.8 s or more, and more preferably 1.0 s or more.
- the average frequency of short circuit transitions (short circuit frequency) F (Hz) will be the same as the pulse frequency described above, but the short circuit period does not necessarily need to be synchronized with the pulse period, and the average frequency of short circuit transitions (short circuit frequency) F (Hz) may differ from the pulse frequency.
- Preferable ranges of welding conditions include, for example, a welding current of 150A to 300A, an arc voltage of 20V to 35V, a distance between the base metal and the tip (contact tip) of 5mm to 30mm, and an Ar shielding gas flow rate of 10L/min to 25L/min.
- the welding current is preferably 150A or more. More preferably, it is 170A or more, and even more preferably, it is 180A or more.
- the welding current is preferably 300A or less. More preferably, it is 280A or less, and even more preferably, it is 270A or less.
- the arc voltage is preferably 20V or more. More preferably, it is 21V or more, and even more preferably, it is 22V or more.
- the arc voltage is preferably 35V or less. More preferably, it is 32V or less, and even more preferably, it is 30V or less.
- the distance between the base metal 3 and the contact tip is preferably 5mm or more. More preferably, it is 8mm or more, and even more preferably, it is 10mm or more.
- the distance between the base metal 3 and the contact tip is preferably 30mm or less. More preferably, it is 25mm or less, and even more preferably, it is 20mm or less.
- the Ar shielding gas flow rate is 10 L/min or more. More preferably, it is 12 L/min or more, and even more preferably, it is 15 L/min or more. It is preferable that the Ar shielding gas flow rate is 25 L/min or less.
- the welding current and arc voltage are average values within each welding pass, and more specifically, the welding current is the average value of the pulse peak current and the pulse base current. By managing this, it is possible to grasp the total heat input during welding.
- the contact tip is attached inside the welding torch, and serves to supply power to the welding wire 1 and guide the wire feed.
- the welding wire used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- solid wire such as YGW12 or YGW16 described in JIS Z 3312 can be used.
- the base material 3 of the present invention is intended for steel sheets and plated steel sheets.
- the composition of the steel sheets is not limited, but for example, a steel sheet containing C: 0.02% to 0.3% by mass, Si: 0.01% by mass or more, Mn: 0.5% by mass or more, P: 0.05% by mass or less, and S: 0.05% by mass or less is preferable, and other alloy elements such as Cu, Ni, Cr, and Ti may be contained.
- Si is preferably 3.0% by mass or less
- Mn is preferably 5.0% by mass or less.
- the lower limit of P is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.0005% by mass or more
- the lower limit of S is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.0005% by mass or more.
- the plating composition of plated steel sheets is not particularly limited, but an example thereof is Zn.
- the present invention also has a useful feature of being highly robust. High robustness refers to being less susceptible to disturbances such as the environment and plate shape, and having a wide range of suitable welding conditions.
- the welded steel plates obtained as described above were evaluated for slab coverage ratio (S RATIO ), flank angle ( ⁇ ), and the presence or absence of undercuts according to the following test methods.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the bead area and the slag-covered area in a weld bead.
- the bead surface area S BEAD and the slag-covered surface area S SLAG shown in Fig. 5 are calculated by photographing the surface of the region of the weld bead 6 excluding the bead start and end portions 10 (each 15 mm long) from directly above and measuring the projected areas from the top surface of the weld bead 6 and the slag.
- the length of the weld bead 6 is less than 130 mm, the surface of the entire length excluding the bead start and end portions 10 is photographed.
- flank angle ( ⁇ ) 27 was measured by observing a cross section in the plate thickness direction perpendicular to the weld line (parallel to the straight line AA in FIG. 5) at any five points of the weld bead 6 in an area excluding the bead start and end portions 10 (each 15 mm long) of the weld bead 6, as shown in FIG. 1-3. However, the five points were located at positions 5 mm or more apart from each other.
- any points of the weld bead were cut in the plate thickness direction perpendicular to the weld line, and each flank angle 27 was determined, and the average value was taken as the "flank angle ⁇ (°)". A ⁇ of 95° or more was considered to be acceptable.
- S RATIO is 30% or less, ⁇ is 110° or more, and there is no undercut
- S RATIO is 30% or less, ⁇ is 95° or more and less than 110°, and there is no undercut
- S RATIO is 30% or less, ⁇ is 95° or more and less than 110°, and there is no undercut
- S RATIO is greater than 30%, ⁇ is less than 95°, and there is an undercut
- "Fail" was evaluated.
- welding conditions No. 1 to 9 which are examples of the invention, satisfy the requirements of S RATIO of 30% or less, ⁇ of 95° or more, and no undercut, and a good welded joint shape was obtained while suppressing slag.
- ⁇ was 110° or more, and a more stable welded joint shape was obtained.
- any one of S RATIO of 30% or less, ⁇ of 95° or more, and no undercut was not satisfied, and a good weld bead was not obtained, and a good welded joint shape was not obtained.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(a)溶接部(主に溶接ビードの表面)に付着したスラグ、
(b)溶接部に付着した溶接ヒューム、
(c)溶接によって高温に曝される鋼板の表面で生成した酸化物、
が従来から知られている。上記した(a)(b)の付着物や(c)の酸化物が溶接部に存在する部材を化成処理に供しても、これらの付着物や生成物を起点として、リン酸亜鉛結晶からなる化成処理層で覆われない領域が局部的に残留する。
[1] 少なくとも2枚の鋼板から成る角を接合する隅肉アーク溶接方法であって、
短絡移行を用いて接合を行い、溶接狙い位置は、前記2枚の鋼板のうちの上板の端部であり、かつ前記2枚の鋼板から成る角である重ね部コーナーを始点として下板の溶接線に垂直な方向に0.2mm以上1.8mm以下であり、シールドガスとしてArが98体積%以上であるガスを使用し、溶接部の溶接金属高さH(mm)および溶接金属幅W(mm)が下記(1)式を満足する、重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法。
0.2 ≦ H/W ≦ 1.2 ・・・(1)
[2] パルスピーク電流(Ip)とパルスベース電流(Ib)が周期的に繰り返されるパルス溶接を用い、前記パルス溶接のパルスピーク電流(Ip)が300A以上600A以下、パルス周波数が30Hz以上200Hz以下である[1]に記載の重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法。
[3] 前記[1]または[2]に記載の重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法を用いる、溶接継手の製造方法。
図2(a)および図2(b)には、従来のMIG溶接による溶滴移行の様子を説明する概略図を示す。従来のMIG溶接の溶滴移行では、図2(a)のように溶接ワイヤ1が溶融し、細長い液柱から連続的に溶融池8へと輸送される形態が混在する。この不安定な溶滴移行を抑制するためには、溶接ワイヤ1先端から溶滴7を規則的に離脱させることが有効であると考えられるが、Arシールドガスの場合、溶接ワイヤ1に作用する電磁ピンチ力が小さく、溶滴7の離脱が困難となる。
溶接部の耐食性を向上させるために溶接部に付着するスラグ生成量を抑制する必要があり、そのためには鋼板ならびに溶接ワイヤ1に含まれるSi、Mn、Ti等の酸化を抑制することが重要である。このため、シールドガスとして、Arを98体積%以上としたガスを使用する必要がある。Arを99体積%以上とすることが好ましい。上限は特に限定されるものではなく、Arは100体積%であって良い。
図1-3に示すように、25が溶接金属高さ(H)であり、26が溶接金属幅(W)、27がフランク角(θ)である。溶接金属高さ(H)25と溶接金属幅(W)26の関係を上記の(1)式の範囲に規定することで、止端形状が滑らかな溶接ビード6が得られる。H/Wが0.2未満の場合、入熱が広い範囲に分散するため、上板端が溶融しにくくなりアンダーカットが生じる、または下板の溶込みが過小になる場合がある。そのため、H/Wが0.2以上とする。好ましくは、H/Wが0.25以上であり、より好ましくは0.3以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.35以上である。H/Wが1.2より大きい場合、溶接ビード6は凸形となりフランク角27が過度に小さくなる。このため、H/Wは1.2以下とする。好ましくは、H/Wが1.1以下であり、より好ましくは1.0以下であり、さらに好ましくは0.9以下である。H、Wの単位はいずれもmmである。
なお、特に限定されるものではないが、溶融金属高さ(H)は上板の板厚をT(mm)としたとき、H/Tが0.8以上となることが好ましい。より好ましくは、H/Tが0.9以上である。上限としては、H/Tが1.8以下となることが好ましい。より好ましくは、H/Tが1.6以下である。溶接金属幅(W)は上板の板厚をT(mm)としたとき、W/Tが1.5以上となることが好ましい。より好ましくは、W/Tが1.6以上である。上限としては、W/Tが3.0以下となることが好ましい。より好ましくは、W/Tが2.8以下である。
本発明でいう溶接狙い位置とは図1-2に示すように溶接ワイヤ1の延長線が母材3と交わる点である。狙い位置を重ね部コーナー19から下板の溶接線に垂直な方向にずらす(以降、オフセットするともいい、その方向をオフセット方向21、その量をオフセット値22という)ことで、溶融金属の表面張力が大きくなるAr比率を高くしたガスシールドアーク溶接においても溶接金属幅26を大きく、溶接金属高さ25を小さくすることができ、0.2 ≦ H/W ≦ 1.2を満たすことができる。つまり、オフセット値22が0.2mm未満の場合、溶着領域が狭い範囲に限定されることで、溶接ビードは凸形になりやすく、H/Wは過大となる場合がある。このため、オフセット値22を0.2mm以上、すなわち溶接狙い位置を重ね部コーナーから下板の溶接線に垂直な方向に0.2mm以上とする。オフセット値22は0.3mm以上が好ましく、0.4mm以上がより好ましく、0.5mm以上がさらに好ましい。一方、オフセット値22が1.8mmより大きい場合、重ね部コーナー部での電流経路形成が不安定になるため、アークプラズマのふらつきが大きくなり安定した溶接が困難となる。また、大気巻き込みによるスラグ量の増加が懸念される。このため、オフセット値22を1.8mm以下、すなわち溶接狙い位置を重ね部コーナーから下板の溶接線に垂直な方向に1.8mm以下とする。オフセット値22は1.7mm以下が好ましく、1.6mm以下がより好ましく、1.5mm以下がさらに好ましい。
図4に本発明のアーク溶接におけるパルス電流波形を示す概略図を示す。パルス溶接とは、パルスピーク電流(Ip)とパルスベース電流(Ib)が周期的に繰り返されて溶接する方法である。パルスピーク電流(Ip)は、過小であると溶接ワイヤ1先端に形成した溶滴7を溶融池8へと押し下げる作用が得られず、短絡が不安定になったり、また十分な入熱が確保できずビード形状の劣化を生じたりする場合がある。そのため、パルスピーク電流(Ip)は300A以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは350A以上である。さらに好ましくは380A以上である。もっとも好ましくは400A以上である。一方、過大であると溶落ちを引き起こし、またスパッタの増加を招く。そのため、パルスピーク電流(Ip)は600A以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは590A以下である。さらに好ましくは580A以下である。もっとも好ましくは570A以下である。パルスピーク電流時に短絡を引き起こすため、1周期あたりのパルスピーク電流時間(tp)は0.5ms以上とすることが好ましい。1周期あたりのパルスピーク電流時間(tp)はより好ましくは0.7ms以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.8ms以上である。1周期あたりのパルスピーク電流時間(tp)が過大になると短絡時のアーク5および溶融池8の乱れが大きくなり溶接ビード形状不良が発生する場合があるため、1周期あたりのパルスピーク電流時間(tp)は3.5ms以下とすることが望ましい。1周期あたりのパルスピーク電流時間(tp)はより好ましくは3.3ms以下であり、さらに好ましくは3.2ms以下である。
パルス周波数を上記の範囲にすることで、溶滴7の移動を安定させることに加えて、溶着量を均一にすることができ、これにより、安定して適正なフランク角27を得ることができる。
パルス周波数が30Hz未満の場合には、短絡移行周期が大きくなり大粒の溶滴7が溶融池8へ移動したり、短絡移行以外の溶滴移行形態(たとえばストリーミング移行等)が不規則に混在したりすることとなる。そのため、パルス周波数は30Hz以上であることが好ましい。パルス周波数は40Hz以上であることがより好ましく、50Hz以上であることがさらに好ましい。一方、パルス周波数が200Hzより大きい場合には、溶滴7は小粒ではあるものの短絡に伴うアーク5の再点弧が過多となり、アーク5が不安定化する。そのため、パルス周波数は200Hz以下であることが好ましい。パルス周波数は180Hz以下であることがより好ましく、160Hz以下であることがさらに好ましい。
図5は溶接ビードにおけるビード面積およびスラグ被覆面積を示す概略図である。図5に示すようなビード表面積SBEADとスラグ被覆表面積SSLAGは、溶接ビード6のビード始終端部10(各々長さ15mm)を除いた領域の表面を真上から撮影し、溶接ビード6およびスラグの上面からの投影面積を測定して算出する。溶接ビード6の長さが130mm未満である場合は、ビード始終端部10を除く全長の表面を撮影する。溶接ビード6の長さが130mm以上である場合は、ビード始終端部10を除いて任意の部位(長さ100mm)の表面を撮影する。算出したスラグ表面積SSLAGの値をビード表面積SBEADの値で除すことでスラグ被覆面積率SRATIOを求めた。SRATIOが30%以下を合格とした。
フランク角(θ)27の測定は、溶接ビード6のビード始終端部10(各々長さ15mm)を除いた領域において、図1-3に示すように溶接ビード6の任意の5箇所における溶接線に垂直(図5に記載の直線AAに平行な方向)な板厚方向断面を観察して行った。ただし、任意の5箇所は互いに5mm以上離れた位置とした。ここでは、溶接ビードの任意の箇所を溶接線に垂直な板厚方向に切断し、各々のフランク角27を求め、それらの平均値を「フランク角θ(°)」とした。θが95°以上を合格とした。
アンダーカットの有無の判定は、JIS Z 3001-4に記載の定義に基づいて、溶接ビード6のビード始終端部10(各々長さ15mm)を除いた領域に対して、溶接ビード6の端部でアンダーカット(溶接欠陥)がないことを目視で確認した。
2 溶接トーチ
3 母材
5 アーク
6 溶接ビード
7 溶滴
8 溶融池
10 ビード始終端部
19 重ね部コーナー
20 狙い線
21 オフセット方向
22 オフセット値
25 溶接金属高さ(H)
26 溶接金属幅(W)
27 フランク角(θ)
tup 立ち上がり時間
tp パルスピーク電流時間
tdown 立ち下がり時間
tb パルスベース電流時間
tup+tp+tdown+tb パルス1周期
SBEAD ビード表面積
SSLAG スラグ被覆表面積
WMAX ビード幅の最大値
Wmin ビード幅の最小値
Claims (3)
- 少なくとも2枚の鋼板から成る角を接合する隅肉アーク溶接方法であって、
短絡移行を用いて接合を行い、溶接狙い位置は、前記2枚の鋼板のうちの上板の端部であり、かつ前記2枚の鋼板から成る角である重ね部コーナーを始点として下板の溶接線に垂直な方向に0.2mm以上1.8mm以下であり、シールドガスとしてArが98体積%以上であるガスを使用し、溶接部の溶接金属高さH(mm)および溶接金属幅W(mm)が下記(1)式を満足する、重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法。
0.2 ≦ H/W ≦ 1.2 ・・・(1) - パルスピーク電流(Ip)とパルスベース電流(Ib)が周期的に繰り返されるパルス溶接を用い、前記パルス溶接のパルスピーク電流(Ip)が300A以上600A以下、パルス周波数が30Hz以上200Hz以下である請求項1に記載の重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法を用いる、溶接継手の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020257013048A KR20250069669A (ko) | 2022-10-31 | 2023-09-11 | 중첩 필렛 아크 용접 방법 및 용접 조인트의 제조 방법 |
| CN202380074017.9A CN120076896A (zh) | 2022-10-31 | 2023-09-11 | 搭接角焊电弧焊接方法以及焊接接头的制造方法 |
| EP23885380.8A EP4570410A4 (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2023-09-11 | ARC WELDING METHOD FOR COVERING MESH, AND PRODUCTION METHOD FOR WELDING JOINT |
| JP2023570389A JP7574948B2 (ja) | 2022-10-31 | 2023-09-11 | 重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 |
| MX2025004723A MX2025004723A (es) | 2022-10-31 | 2025-04-23 | Metodo de soldadura por arco en angulo con superposicion y metodo para la fabricacion de uniones soldadas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022-174339 | 2022-10-31 | ||
| JP2022174339 | 2022-10-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024095614A1 true WO2024095614A1 (ja) | 2024-05-10 |
Family
ID=90930192
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/033085 Ceased WO2024095614A1 (ja) | 2022-10-31 | 2023-09-11 | 重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4570410A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7574948B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20250069669A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN120076896A (ja) |
| MX (1) | MX2025004723A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2024095614A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2026083719A1 (ja) * | 2024-10-15 | 2026-04-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | ガスシールドアーク溶接継手の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN120948617B (zh) * | 2025-08-20 | 2026-04-14 | 韶关市曲江宏创钢管有限公司 | 一种钢管制造用缺陷识别方法 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61144270A (ja) * | 1984-12-18 | 1986-07-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 重ねすみ肉溶接方法 |
| JPH0833997A (ja) | 1994-07-21 | 1996-02-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 溶接部およびその近傍の塗装後耐食性を高めるガスシールドメタルアーク溶接方法 |
| JPH0920994A (ja) | 1995-07-03 | 1997-01-21 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | アーク溶接部及びその近傍の塗装後耐食性改善方法 |
| JP5549615B2 (ja) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-07-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 鋼製部材の化成処理方法、電着塗装を施した鋼製塗装部材の製造方法、および鋼製塗装部材 |
| WO2021085544A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Mig溶接方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110174784A1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-07-21 | Toshikazu Kamei | Method for gas-shielded arc brazing of steel sheet |
| CN101920376B (zh) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-10-24 | 唐山轨道客车有限责任公司 | 一种焊接方法 |
| JP6771638B1 (ja) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-10-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | ガスシールドアーク溶接用ワイヤ |
| US20230132518A1 (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2023-05-04 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Arc welded joint and arc welding method |
| CN114473145B (zh) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-04-16 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种铝钢异质金属电弧焊接焊缝成形的控制方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-09-11 EP EP23885380.8A patent/EP4570410A4/en active Pending
- 2023-09-11 WO PCT/JP2023/033085 patent/WO2024095614A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-09-11 KR KR1020257013048A patent/KR20250069669A/ko active Pending
- 2023-09-11 CN CN202380074017.9A patent/CN120076896A/zh active Pending
- 2023-09-11 JP JP2023570389A patent/JP7574948B2/ja active Active
-
2025
- 2025-04-23 MX MX2025004723A patent/MX2025004723A/es unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61144270A (ja) * | 1984-12-18 | 1986-07-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 重ねすみ肉溶接方法 |
| JPH0833997A (ja) | 1994-07-21 | 1996-02-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 溶接部およびその近傍の塗装後耐食性を高めるガスシールドメタルアーク溶接方法 |
| JPH0920994A (ja) | 1995-07-03 | 1997-01-21 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | アーク溶接部及びその近傍の塗装後耐食性改善方法 |
| JP5549615B2 (ja) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-07-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 鋼製部材の化成処理方法、電着塗装を施した鋼製塗装部材の製造方法、および鋼製塗装部材 |
| WO2021085544A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Mig溶接方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP4570410A4 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2026083719A1 (ja) * | 2024-10-15 | 2026-04-23 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | ガスシールドアーク溶接継手の製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2025004723A (es) | 2025-05-02 |
| KR20250069669A (ko) | 2025-05-19 |
| EP4570410A4 (en) | 2025-11-26 |
| CN120076896A (zh) | 2025-05-30 |
| JP7574948B2 (ja) | 2024-10-29 |
| EP4570410A1 (en) | 2025-06-18 |
| JPWO2024095614A1 (ja) | 2024-05-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7238990B2 (ja) | アーク溶接継手およびアーク溶接方法 | |
| JP7574948B2 (ja) | 重ね隅肉アーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 | |
| JP7364087B2 (ja) | アーク溶接継手およびアーク溶接方法 | |
| JP7060159B2 (ja) | Mig溶接方法 | |
| WO2024095612A1 (ja) | ガスシールドアーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 | |
| EP4306255A1 (en) | Arc-welded joint and arc-welding method | |
| WO2024095613A1 (ja) | ガスシールドアーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 | |
| JP7435932B1 (ja) | ガスシールドアーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 | |
| JP7435931B1 (ja) | ガスシールドアーク溶接方法および溶接継手の製造方法 | |
| JP7508016B1 (ja) | アーク溶接継手およびその製造方法 | |
| JP7677536B2 (ja) | アーク溶接継手およびその製造方法 | |
| WO2024224713A1 (ja) | アーク溶接継手およびその製造方法 | |
| TW201800171A (zh) | 熔融Zn系鍍覆鋼板的電弧焊接方法及焊接構件的製造方法 | |
| WO2026083719A1 (ja) | ガスシールドアーク溶接継手の製造方法 | |
| US20240198447A1 (en) | Arc welded joint and arc welding method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023570389 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23885380 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023885380 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023885380 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20250311 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202380074017.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20257013048 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020257013048 Country of ref document: KR |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2501002570 Country of ref document: TH |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202517039113 Country of ref document: IN |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 202517039113 Country of ref document: IN |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 202380074017.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2023885380 Country of ref document: EP |

