WO2024104120A1 - 摄像头模组及电子设备 - Google Patents

摄像头模组及电子设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024104120A1
WO2024104120A1 PCT/CN2023/127928 CN2023127928W WO2024104120A1 WO 2024104120 A1 WO2024104120 A1 WO 2024104120A1 CN 2023127928 W CN2023127928 W CN 2023127928W WO 2024104120 A1 WO2024104120 A1 WO 2024104120A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
prism
camera module
lens
motor
bracket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/127928
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任立
李邓峰
牛亚军
蔡斌
李小龙
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP23890556.6A priority Critical patent/EP4593403A4/en
Priority to CN202380025110.0A priority patent/CN118786680A/zh
Publication of WO2024104120A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024104120A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B11/00—Filters or other obturators specially adapted for photographic purposes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G03B13/34—Power focusing
    • G03B13/36—Autofocus systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/17—Bodies with reflectors arranged in beam forming the photographic image, e.g. for reducing dimensions of camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B3/00—Focusing arrangements of general interest for cameras, projectors or printers
    • G03B3/10—Power-operated focusing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B30/00—Camera modules comprising integrated lens units and imaging units, specially adapted for being embedded in other devices, e.g. mobile phones or vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/035—DC motors; Unipolar motors
    • H02K41/0352—Unipolar motors
    • H02K41/0354—Lorentz force motors, e.g. voice coil motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0264—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a camera module assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0007—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur
    • G03B2205/0015—Movement of one or more optical elements for control of motion blur by displacing one or more optical elements normal to the optical axis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2205/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing
    • G03B2205/0053—Driving means for the movement of one or more optical element
    • G03B2205/0069—Driving means for the movement of one or more optical element using electromagnetic actuators, e.g. voice coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B5/00—Adjustment of optical system relative to image or object surface other than for focusing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of photographing equipment, and in particular to a camera module and electronic equipment.
  • a camera provided in an electronic device such as a smart phone may include a lens and an image sensor arranged in a direction toward the front surface or rear surface of the electronic device.
  • the distance between the object side lens and the image sensor may need to be increased, which may increase the size of the area between the front surface and the rear surface of the electronic device. That is, increasing the total length of the optical system may increase the thickness of the electronic device.
  • the camera module uses a reflective structure to reflect the light 90 degrees and then places the image sensor at 90 degrees, thereby reducing the overall height of the module.
  • the module length will increase. A module length that is too large will increase the difficulty of assembling the camera module in the electronic device, resulting in higher costs.
  • the present application provides a camera module and an electronic device, wherein the focal length of the camera module is large and the module size is small.
  • a camera module in a first aspect, includes a motor, a lens, a prism and an image sensor.
  • the motor has an installation space and an escape space connected to the installation space.
  • the installation space is located in the middle of the motor and runs from the top of the motor to the bottom of the motor.
  • the escape space is located at the bottom of the motor.
  • the escape space is connected to the installation space and extends to one side of the motor.
  • the lens is installed in the installation space.
  • the prism is located on the bottom side of the motor and is partially located in the escape space.
  • the prism includes an incident surface and an exit surface. The incident surface faces the lens. The incident surface and the exit surface are located on the same side of the prism. The exit surface is exposed relative to the motor.
  • the image sensor is located on the side of the prism facing the lens and is arranged facing the exit surface. Among them, after the light passes through the lens, it enters the prism from the incident surface, and after multiple reflections inside the prism, it is emitted from the exit surface and imaged on the image sensor.
  • the camera module of the present application changes the optical path by setting a prism, so that the lens and the prism are arranged at the module height, and the image sensor and the prism are also arranged at the module height, thereby effectively reducing the module length.
  • the lens and the image sensor are arranged on the same side of the prism, which effectively reduces the module height.
  • the present application also arranges the prism, motor and image sensor more compactly by setting an avoidance space inside the motor and locating part of the prism in the avoidance space, thereby further reducing the module height, making the overall module size of the camera module smaller, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the camera module.
  • the lens and the image sensor are arranged on the same side of the prism, so that the optical axis of the lens is in a normal relationship with the incident surface and the exit surface of the prism.
  • the phase surface of the image sensor is in a normal relationship with the optical axis of the lens and is parallel to the exit surface of the prism.
  • the camera module of the present application can increase the total length of the optical system by setting a prism to reflect the light multiple times without increasing the physical length of the module, so that the camera module can achieve a miniaturized setting while obtaining a larger focal length.
  • the motor drives the lens to move to achieve the anti-shake function
  • its movement mode is translation, which can avoid the rotation of the reflector in the periscope optical system, causing the image to rotate in the field of view and improve the image quality.
  • the motor in this embodiment is an integrated motor, and its structure is simpler, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire camera module.
  • the motor includes a fixing seat, a driving assembly and a carrier, the driving assembly and the carrier are both installed on the inner side of the fixing seat, the driving assembly is used to drive the carrier to move, and the lens is fixed on the inner side of the carrier.
  • the avoidance space is at least partially formed on the fixing seat. In this way, the structure of the motor is simpler, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire camera module.
  • a glue overflow groove is formed between the carrier and the lens, and the glue overflow groove includes a first part, a second part, and a third part that are connected in sequence, the first part, the second part, and the third part are arranged in the optical axis direction of the lens, and the width of the first part is greater than the width of the second part.
  • the width of the second part is greater than the width of the third part.
  • the width of the first portion is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the carrier has a glue flow slope facing the second portion, and the glue flow slope forms an angle less than or equal to 60° with the optical axis direction of the lens.
  • the width of the third portion is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. In this way, by changing the shape of the glue overflow groove, the distance between the carrier and the lens is sufficient, thereby preventing glue from overflowing.
  • the prism further includes a first reflection surface, a second reflection surface, and a third reflection surface.
  • the first reflection surface is located at the bottom side of the incident surface, and an angle is formed between the first reflection surface and the incident surface.
  • the second reflection surface and the incident surface are located on the same side of the prism, and the second reflection surface is located between the incident surface and the exit surface.
  • the third reflection surface is located at the bottom side of the exit surface, and an angle is formed between the third reflection surface and the exit surface.
  • the prism in the camera module of the present application has multiple reflective surfaces. After the light enters the prism from the incident surface of the prism, the light can be reflected multiple times between the multiple reflective surfaces until it is emitted from the exit surface and imaged on the image sensor. Among them, the light can be reflected three or more odd times inside the prism, so that the light path can be effectively folded, and the focal length of the camera module and the total length of the optical system can be increased.
  • the camera module of the present application can increase the total length of the optical system by setting a prism and setting multiple reflective surfaces inside the prism to reflect the light multiple times without increasing the physical length of the module, so that the camera module can achieve a miniaturized setting while obtaining a larger focal length.
  • the prism further includes a light-blocking layer, which is located between the first reflecting surface and the third reflecting surface, and is used to block light, and the middle and upper parts of the light-blocking layer form a light-transmitting area.
  • a light-blocking layer which is located between the first reflecting surface and the third reflecting surface, and is used to block light, and the middle and upper parts of the light-blocking layer form a light-transmitting area.
  • the prism further includes a first side surface and a second side surface, the first side surface and the second side surface are respectively located on both sides of the incident surface and the exit surface, the first side surface is parallel to the second side surface, and a light shielding layer is provided on the first side surface and the second side surface.
  • a light shielding layer is provided on the first side surface and the second side surface.
  • the prism further includes a first side surface and a second side surface, the first side surface and the second side surface are respectively located on both sides of the incident surface and the exit surface, the first side surface and the second side surface form an angle, the spacing between the first side surface and the second side surface increases in a direction away from the incident surface, and the first side surface and the second side surface are provided with a shading layer.
  • a shading layer on the first side surface and the second side surface, stray light in the camera module can be prevented from entering the prism and affecting the image quality.
  • the stray light entering the interior of the prism can increase the number of reflections in the prism, or the stray light can be totally reflected in the prism 30, so that the stray light can eventually be absorbed by the first side surface or the second side surface, thereby avoiding the stray light from being imaged on the image sensor and eliminating the influence of the stray light on the image quality.
  • the prism is provided with a groove.
  • the opening of the groove is formed on the first side surface, the second side surface and the bottom surface of the prism.
  • the groove wall of the groove is used to form a light-blocking layer. In this way, by providing the groove, it is conducive to forming a light-blocking layer, thereby preventing stray light outside the light-transmitting area of the light-blocking layer from passing through and affecting the image quality.
  • the camera module further includes a prism bracket, which is located at the bottom side of the motor and the image sensor, and the prism is fixed to the inner side of the prism bracket.
  • a prism bracket which is located at the bottom side of the motor and the image sensor, and the prism is fixed to the inner side of the prism bracket.
  • the prism bracket is provided with a receiving space
  • the wall of the receiving space is provided with a plurality of overflow glue grooves
  • the prism is located in the receiving space, and is fixedly connected to the wall of the receiving space through the glue layer.
  • the motor is used to drive the lens to move in the direction of the lens' optical axis, and is also used to drive the lens to move in a direction perpendicular to the lens' optical axis.
  • the motor is an integrated motor with both autofocus and optical image stabilization functions, and the motor structure is simpler, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire camera module.
  • the fixing seat includes a base.
  • the carrier includes a focus bracket and an anti-shake bracket.
  • the focus bracket is movably connected to the base.
  • the anti-shake bracket is movably connected to the focus bracket.
  • the driving assembly is installed on the base.
  • the lens is fixed to the anti-shake bracket.
  • the driving assembly is used to drive the focus bracket to drive the anti-shake bracket to move relative to the base, and the driving assembly is also used to drive the anti-shake bracket to move relative to the focus bracket.
  • the motor is an integrated motor with both anti-shake and focus functions.
  • the focus function is achieved by moving the focus bracket relative to the carrier, and the anti-shake function is achieved by moving the anti-shake bracket relative to the focus bracket.
  • the motor of the present application is smaller in size, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the motor and saving the internal space of the camera module.
  • the base is provided with a first avoidance groove.
  • the first avoidance groove runs through the bottom of the base.
  • the focus bracket is provided with a second avoidance groove, and the second avoidance groove is connected to the bottom space of the anti-shake bracket and the first avoidance groove.
  • the camera module further includes a filter.
  • the filter is located between the prism and the image sensor.
  • the filter is arranged opposite to the exit surface, or the filter is located between the prism and the lens, and the filter is arranged opposite to the incident surface. In this way, by arranging the filter and arranging the filter opposite to the exit surface or the incident surface, the light can pass through the filter before entering the image sensor, thereby filtering out invisible light and effectively improving the image quality.
  • the camera module further includes a fixing member, and the filter is fixedly connected to the prism via the fixing member.
  • the filter can be more firmly fixed on the prism, which is conducive to improving the structural stability of the camera module.
  • the camera module further includes a circuit board, a fixing member, and a filter.
  • the image sensor is fixedly connected to the circuit board and electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the filter is fixedly connected to the circuit board through the fixing member.
  • the filter is located between the exit surface of the prism and the image sensor. In this way, the filter can be more firmly fixed on the circuit board, which is conducive to improving the structural stability of the camera module.
  • the camera module further includes a filter.
  • the filter is disposed on the prism through a coating process or a film-attaching process, and covers the incident surface and/or the exit surface. In this way, the filter is directly disposed on the prism, which can save space for the fixing parts and make the structure of the camera module more compact.
  • an electronic device in a second aspect, includes an image processor and the above-mentioned camera module.
  • the image processor is communicatively connected with the camera module.
  • the image processor is used to obtain image data from the camera module and process the image data.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in FIG1 taken along line A-A in one embodiment
  • FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the camera module shown in FIG1 ;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the camera module shown in FIG3 ;
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an embodiment of the camera assembly shown in FIG4 ;
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism bracket shown in FIG5 at another angle
  • FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism bracket shown in FIG5 ;
  • FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism shown in FIG5 in one embodiment
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism and the prism bracket shown in FIG5 ;
  • FIG10 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the camera module shown in FIG3 taken along line B-B;
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the camera assembly shown in FIG5 ;
  • FIG12 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the camera module shown in FIG3 along line B-B;
  • FIG13a is an exploded schematic diagram of the motor shown in FIG5 in one embodiment
  • FIG13b is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the camera module shown in FIG3 along line B-B;
  • FIG14 is an exploded schematic diagram of a drive assembly of the motor shown in FIG13a;
  • FIG15 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module shown in FIG3 at another viewing angle in one embodiment along the B-B line;
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a partial installation process of an embodiment of the camera assembly shown in FIG4 ;
  • FIG17 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module shown in FIG3 along line B-B;
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a partial installation process of another embodiment of the camera assembly shown in FIG4 ;
  • FIG19 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the camera module shown in FIG3 taken along line B-B;
  • FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism shown in FIG8 at another viewing angle
  • FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism shown in FIG8 at another viewing angle
  • FIG22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the prism shown in FIG20 along line C-C in one embodiment
  • FIG23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the prism shown in FIG20 along line D-D in one embodiment
  • FIG24 is a schematic diagram of assembling the prism shown in FIG8 in another embodiment
  • FIG25 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module shown in FIG3 along line B-B;
  • FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism and the image sensor shown in FIG25;
  • FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of the structure shown in FIG26 at another viewing angle
  • FIG28 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism shown in FIG20 in another embodiment
  • FIG29 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism shown in FIG28 at another viewing angle
  • FIG30 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the prism shown in FIG28 along line EE;
  • FIG31 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG12 in another embodiment
  • FIG32 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG12 in yet another embodiment
  • FIG33 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG12 in yet another embodiment
  • FIG34 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG12 in another embodiment.
  • Focal power is equal to the difference between the convergence of the image-side beam and the convergence of the object-side beam. It characterizes the ability of an optical system to deflect light.
  • a lens or lens group with positive optical power has a positive focal length and has the effect of converging light.
  • a lens or lens group with negative optical power has a negative focal length and has the effect of diverging light.
  • Focal length also known as focal length, is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system. It refers to the vertical distance from the optical center of a lens or lens group to the focal plane when an infinitely distant scene forms a clear image on the focal plane through a lens or lens group. From a practical point of view, it can be understood as the distance from the center of the lens to the plane when the object is infinitely far away. For a fixed-focus lens, the position of its optical center is fixed; for a telephoto lens, the change of the optical center of the lens brings about a change in the focal length of the lens.
  • the effective focal length (EFL) of a lens refers to the distance from the center of the lens to the focus.
  • the object side is bounded by the lens.
  • the side where the object is located is called the object side, and the surface of the lens close to the object side is called the object side.
  • the image side is bounded by the lens.
  • the side where the image of the object is located is called the image side, and the surface of the lens close to the image side is called the image side.
  • the aperture diaphragm is a device used to control the amount of light that passes through the lens and enters the photosensitive surface inside the camera body. It is usually inside the lens.
  • Aperture value also known as F number (Fno) is the relative value obtained by the focal length of the lens/lens entrance pupil diameter (the inverse of the relative aperture). The smaller the aperture value, the more light enters in the same unit time. The larger the aperture value, the smaller the depth of field, and the background content of the photo will be blurred, similar to the effect of a telephoto lens.
  • Total track length refers to the total length from the surface of the lens closest to the object side to the imaging surface. TTL is the main factor in determining the height of the camera.
  • the imaging plane is located on the image side of all lenses in the telephoto lens, and is the plane on which the image is formed after light passes through each lens in the telephoto lens in sequence.
  • the optical axis is an axis that passes vertically through the center of the lens.
  • the optical axis of the lens is the axis that passes through the center of each lens of the lens.
  • Focus is the point where parallel light rays converge after being refracted by a lens or lens group.
  • the image focal plane also called the back focal plane or the second focal plane, is a plane passing through the image focus (also called the back focus or the second focus) and perpendicular to the optical axis of the system.
  • the Abbe number, or dispersion coefficient is the difference ratio of the refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, representing the degree of dispersion of the material.
  • the paraxial region of the optical system has the properties of an ideal optical system.
  • the paraxial light emitted from a point on the object intersects the image plane at one point (also known as the paraxial image point).
  • the light that actually passes through different apertures of the lens is difficult to intersect perfectly at one point, but has a certain deviation from the position of the paraxial image point. These differences are collectively called aberrations.
  • Axial chromatic aberration (longitudinal spherical aberration), also known as longitudinal chromatic aberration or position chromatic aberration or axial aberration, is a beam of light parallel to the optical axis that converges at different positions before and after passing through the lens. This aberration is called position chromatic aberration or axial chromatic aberration. This is because the positions of the images of the light of each wavelength are different, so that the focal planes of the image side of the light of different colors cannot overlap when the final image is formed, and the complex light spreads out to form dispersion.
  • Distortion also known as distortion
  • Distortion is the degree of distortion of the image formed by the optical system relative to the object itself. Distortion is due to the influence of aperture spherical aberration.
  • the height of the intersection of the main light of different fields of view with the Gaussian image plane after passing through the optical system is not equal to the ideal image height. The difference between the two is the distortion. Therefore, distortion only changes the imaging position of the off-axis object point on the ideal plane, causing the shape of the image to be distorted, but does not affect the clarity of the image.
  • ImgH (Image Height) represents half of the diagonal length of the effective pixel area on the photosensitive chip, that is, the image height of the imaging surface.
  • Astigmatism because the object point is not on the optical axis of the optical system, the light beam it emits has an inclination angle with the optical axis. After the light beam is refracted by the lens, the convergence point of its meridional beamlet and sagittal beamlet is not at the same point. That is, the light beam cannot be focused on one point, and the image is not clear, so astigmatism occurs.
  • Meridian beamlet and sagittal beamlet are the names of light beams in two perpendicular planes in a rotationally symmetric optical system.
  • Meridian plane The plane formed by the chief ray (main light beam) of an object point outside the optical axis and the optical axis is called the meridian plane.
  • Sagittal plane The plane that passes through the main ray (main light beam) of the object point outside the optical axis and is perpendicular to the meridian plane is called the sagittal plane.
  • Field curvature (curvature of field) is used to indicate the difference between the clearest image point position of the non-central field of view after the optical lens group and the clearest image point position of the central field of view on the optical axis.
  • the lens has field curvature, the intersection point of the entire light beam does not coincide with the ideal image point.
  • the entire image plane is a curved surface.
  • first”, “second”, and “third” are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as “first”, “second”, and “third” can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device 1000 shown in Fig. 1 on line A-A in an embodiment.
  • the electronic device 1000 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (tablet personal computer), a laptop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a camera, a personal computer, a notebook computer, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, an augmented reality (AR) glasses, an AR helmet, a virtual reality (VR) glasses or a VR helmet, etc., which have a camera module.
  • the electronic device 1000 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is described by taking a mobile phone as an example.
  • the electronic device 1000 may include a camera module 100, a device housing 200, a screen 300, and an image processor (not shown).
  • the camera module 100 may be a rear camera module or a front camera module.
  • the image processor may be connected to the camera module 100 in communication.
  • the image processor may be used to obtain image data from the camera module 100 and process the image data.
  • FIG. 1 and the following related figures only schematically illustrate some components included in the electronic device 1000, and the actual shape, actual size, actual position and actual structure of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 and the following figures.
  • the electronic device 1000 when the electronic device 1000 is a device of some other form, the electronic device 1000 may not include the screen 300.
  • the width direction of the electronic device 1000 is defined as the X axis.
  • the length direction of the electronic device 1000 is defined as the Y axis.
  • the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000 is defined as the Z axis. It is understood that the coordinate system setting of the electronic device 1000 can be flexibly set according to specific actual needs.
  • the device housing 200 may include a frame 201 and a back cover 202.
  • the back cover 202 is fixed to the frame 201.
  • the back cover 202 may be fixedly connected to the frame 201 by adhesive.
  • the back cover 202 may also be an integrally formed structure with the frame 201, that is, the back cover 202 and the frame 201 are an integral structure.
  • the screen 300 may be located on a side of the frame 201 away from the back cover 202. In this case, the screen 300 and the back cover 202 are located on both sides of the frame 201.
  • the screen 300, the frame 201 and the back cover 202 together enclose the interior of the electronic device 1000.
  • the interior of the electronic device 1000 may be used to place components of the electronic device 1000, such as a battery, a receiver or a microphone.
  • the screen 300 may be a flat screen or a curved screen.
  • the camera module 100 may be located inside the electronic device 1000.
  • the camera module 100 may be fixed to the side of the screen 300 facing the back cover 202.
  • the back cover 202 may be provided with a light-transmitting hole 203.
  • the shape of the light-transmitting hole 203 is not limited to the circular shape illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the light-transmitting hole 203 connects the inside of the electronic device 1000 to the outside of the electronic device 1000. Light outside the electronic device 1000 may enter the inside of the electronic device 1000 through the light-transmitting hole 203.
  • the camera module 100 may collect ambient light entering the inside of the electronic device 1000.
  • the camera module 100 may be a common camera module (i.e., the optical axis direction of the camera module 100 is the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000).
  • the camera module 100 may also be a periscope camera module (i.e., the optical axis direction of the camera module 100 is the width direction of the electronic device 1000).
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the camera module 100 shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the camera module 100 shown in Fig. 3.
  • the camera module 100 may include a camera assembly 1, a housing 2, and a cover plate 3.
  • the camera assembly 1 may be disposed inside the housing 2.
  • the cover plate 3 may cover at least a portion of the camera assembly 1 and cover the housing 2. At this time, at least a portion of the camera assembly 1 may be located between the cover plate 3 and the housing 2.
  • the width direction of the camera module 100 is the Y-axis direction.
  • the length direction of the camera module 100 is the X-axis direction.
  • the thickness direction of the camera module 100 is the Z-axis direction.
  • the coordinate system setting of the camera module 100 can be flexibly set according to specific actual needs.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an embodiment of the camera assembly 1 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the camera assembly 1 may include a motor 10, a lens 20, a prism 30, a prism bracket 40, a first light shielding sheet 50, a second light shielding sheet 60, an image sensor 71, a circuit board 72, a filter 73 and a fixing member 74.
  • the filter 73 may be an infrared cutoff filter.
  • the circuit board 72 may be a hard-soft circuit board or a flexible circuit board.
  • the motor 10 may be electrically connected to the image sensor 71 through the circuit board 72.
  • a connector (not shown) may be further provided on the circuit board 72.
  • the circuit board 72 may be electrically connected to a mainboard (not shown) of the electronic device 1000 through the connector.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism bracket 40 shown in Fig. 5 at another angle.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism bracket 40 shown in Fig. 5 .
  • the prism bracket 40 may include a main body 41 and a support portion 42.
  • the support portion 42 is connected to the main body 41.
  • the main body 41 can be roughly in the form of a frame.
  • the space enclosed by the support portion 42 and the main body 41 can constitute the accommodating space 43 of the prism bracket 40.
  • the present embodiment divides the prism bracket 40 into two parts for description, but it does not affect the prism bracket 40 as an integrated structure.
  • the integrated structure refers to two components obtained by an integrated molding process.
  • the component is connected to the other component, and there is no need to connect the two components together by reprocessing (such as bonding, welding, snap connection, screw connection).
  • reprocessing such as bonding, welding, snap connection, screw connection
  • the support portion 42 can also be fixed to the main body 41 by bonding or other methods.
  • the accommodating space 43 may have a first wall surface 431 and a second wall surface 432 that are arranged opposite to each other.
  • both the first wall surface 431 and the second wall surface 432 may be walls extending along the X-axis direction.
  • Both the first wall surface 431 and the second wall surface 432 may be provided with a plurality of second overflow glue grooves 433 that are arranged at intervals.
  • the shape of the second overflow glue grooves 433 may be stripe-shaped.
  • the support portion 42 may include a first upper surface 421, a step surface 422, and a second upper surface 423 connected in sequence.
  • the first upper surface 421, the second upper surface 423, and the step surface 422 may all be located on a side of the support portion 42 away from the main body portion 41.
  • the first upper surface 421 and the second upper surface 423 have a height difference.
  • the second upper surface 423 is higher than the first upper surface 421.
  • the first upper surface 421 may sink relative to the second upper surface 423.
  • the height referred to in this embodiment refers to the height in the Z-axis direction.
  • the accommodating space 43 includes a first light-transmitting hole 424 and a second light-transmitting hole 425 that are connected to each other.
  • the first light-transmitting hole 424 may penetrate the first upper surface 421 and the step surface 422.
  • the second light-transmitting hole 425 may penetrate the second upper surface 423.
  • the material of the prism holder 40 may be a polymer material (eg, PC, PA, LCP) or a metal material.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism 30 shown in FIG. 5 in one embodiment.
  • the prism 30 may include a first surface 31, a second surface 32, a first side surface 33, a second side surface 34, a third side surface 35 and a fourth side surface 36.
  • the first surface 31 may be arranged opposite to the second surface 32.
  • the first surface 31 is also the top surface of the prism 30.
  • the second surface 32 is also the bottom surface of the prism 30.
  • the first side surface 33, the second side surface 34, the third side surface 35 and the fourth side surface 36 may all be connected between the first surface 31 and the second surface 32.
  • the first side surface 33, the third side surface 35, the second side surface 34 and the fourth side surface 36 may be connected end to end in sequence. At this time, the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 may be located on both sides of the first surface 31, respectively.
  • the first surface 31 includes an incident surface 30a and an exit surface 30b that are spaced apart.
  • the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b can be located on the same side of the prism 30.
  • the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b can be transmission surfaces in the prism 30 for optical signal transmission.
  • the reflection of the light inside the prism 30 can be ordinary reflection or total reflection.
  • the incident angle of the light is close to or greater than the critical angle of the prism 30, the light can be totally reflected (TIR) inside the prism 30.
  • the first surface 31 may be partially coated with an ink layer and partially uncoated with an ink layer, thereby forming the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b spaced apart in the area where the ink layer is not coated.
  • a light shielding sheet may be provided on the first surface 31 so that part of the first surface 31 is shielded and part is not shielded.
  • the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b spaced apart are formed in the unshielded part.
  • the length of the prism 30 in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis may be greater than the length of the prism 30 in a direction parallel to the optical axis (ie, the Z-axis direction in this embodiment).
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the prism 30 and the prism bracket 40 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the prism 30 may be located in the accommodation space 43 of the prism holder 40.
  • the first side surface 33 of the prism 30 may be disposed opposite to the first wall surface 431 of the accommodation space 43.
  • the second side surface 34 (see Fig. 8) of the prism 30 may be disposed opposite to the second wall surface 432 of the accommodation space 43.
  • glue may be applied to the plurality of second overflow glue grooves 433 inside the prism bracket 40 to form a glue layer.
  • the first side surface 33 of the prism 30 may be fixedly connected to the first wall surface 431 of the accommodating space 43 through the glue layer.
  • the second side surface 34 of the prism 30 may be fixedly connected to the first wall surface 431 of the accommodating space 43 through the glue layer.
  • the second wall surface 432 of the accommodating space 43 is fixedly connected. It is understandable that by providing a plurality of second overflow glue grooves 433 , the adhesive force of the glue can be effectively increased, so that the connection between the prism 30 and the prism bracket 40 is more firmly connected, which is conducive to improving the structural stability of the camera assembly 1 .
  • the prism holder 40 can be assembled and fixed with the prism 30 from above the prism 30 .
  • FIG10 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in FIG3 on the B-B line in one implementation.
  • the first light shielding sheet 50 can be fixed to the surface of the prism bracket 40 away from the prism 30.
  • the material of the first light shielding sheet 50 can be polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene glycol terephthalate
  • the first light shielding sheet 50 can be a black film, which has a low reflectivity and can absorb light. In this way, by setting the first light shielding sheet 50, it is possible to prevent the stray light reflected from the inside of the camera module 100 from entering the prism 30 and affecting the image quality.
  • the material of the first light shielding sheet 50 may also be metal.
  • the first light shielding sheet 50 may be a metal sheet.
  • the surface of the first light shielding sheet 50 may be sprayed with light shielding ink.
  • the material of the first light shielding sheet 50 may also be polycarbonate (PC).
  • the first light shielding sheet 50 may be doped with carbon black.
  • the second light shielding sheet 60 may be fixed to the first surface 31 of the prism 30.
  • the second light shielding sheet 60 may be provided with a light inlet hole 61 and a light outlet hole 62. It is understood that the portion of the first surface 31 that is arranged opposite to the light inlet hole 61 of the second light shielding sheet 60 forms the incident surface 30a. The portion of the first surface 31 that is arranged opposite to the light outlet hole 62 of the second light shielding sheet 60 forms the outlet surface 30b. In this way, when light enters the camera module 100, the light can pass through the light inlet hole 61 and enter the prism 30 from the incident surface 30a, and then be emitted from the outlet surface 30b and pass through the light outlet hole 62.
  • the material of the second light shielding film 60 may be polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene glycol terephthalate
  • the second light shielding film 60 may be a black film, which has a low reflectivity and can absorb light. In this way, by providing the second light shielding film 60, it is possible to prevent stray light reflected from the inside of the camera module 100 from entering the prism 30 and affecting the image quality.
  • the material of the second light shielding sheet 60 may also be metal.
  • the second light shielding sheet 60 may be a metal sheet.
  • the surface of the second light shielding sheet 60 may be sprayed with light shielding ink.
  • the material of the second light shielding sheet 60 may also be polycarbonate (PC).
  • the second light shielding sheet 60 may be doped with carbon black.
  • Fig. 11 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera assembly 1 shown in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the camera module 100 shown in Fig. 3 on line B-B.
  • the fixing member 74 may be a fixing support.
  • the fixing member 74 may be fixed on the circuit board 72.
  • the fixing member 74 may be provided with an avoidance hole 741.
  • the image sensor 71 may be fixed to the circuit board 72 and at least partially located in the avoidance hole 741. In addition, the image sensor 71 is also electrically connected to the circuit board 72.
  • the filter 73 can be fixed on the fixing member 74 and located in the avoidance hole 741.
  • the filter 73 is located on the side of the image sensor 71 away from the circuit board 72.
  • the circuit board 72, the image sensor 71 and the filter 73 can be arranged along the Z-axis direction.
  • the image sensor 71 and the filter 73 can both be located at the bottom of the circuit board 72.
  • the surface of the fixing member 74 away from the image sensor 71 can be fixedly connected to the second upper surface 423 of the prism bracket 40.
  • the image sensor 71, the circuit board 72, the filter 73 and the fixing member 74 can constitute the sensor assembly 70 of the camera module 100. That is, the sensor assembly 70 can be fixed to the second upper surface 423 of the prism bracket 40.
  • the filter 73 is disposed opposite to the exit surface 30b of the prism 30.
  • the light can pass through the filter 73 and then be imaged on the image sensor 71.
  • the filter 73 it needs to pass through the filter 73, so that the invisible light can be filtered out by the filter 73 to improve the image quality.
  • the filter 73 is an infrared cutoff filter, the filter 73 can filter out the invisible light in the infrared band, thereby preventing the image sensor 71 from receiving infrared light and causing the problem of reddish color in the picture.
  • the image sensor 71 may be parallel to the emission surface 30 b of the prism 30 .
  • the sensor assembly 70 and the prism bracket 40 can be assembled by active lens alignment (AA) technology.
  • the sensor assembly 70 can be grasped and assembled by a mobile robot arm of an assembly equipment machine.
  • the mobile robot arm that grasps the sensor assembly 70 can be a mobile robot arm with a lit image sensor 71.
  • the position of the sensor assembly 70 can be continuously adjusted by the assembly equipment machine, so as to find the clearest image in the picture output by the image sensor 71, and fix the position of the sensor assembly 70 at this time, and complete the assembly between the sensor assembly 70 and the prism bracket 40.
  • Fig. 13a is an exploded schematic diagram of the motor 10 shown in Fig. 5 in one embodiment.
  • Fig. 13b is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in Fig. 3 on line B-B in one embodiment.
  • the motor 10 may include a fixing seat 11, a driving assembly 12, and a carrier 13.
  • the fixing seat 11 may include a base 111 and a housing 112.
  • the base 111 may be substantially in the shape of a cube.
  • the base 111 may include a bottom 1111 and a housing 112.
  • Frame 1112 can be fixed to bottom 1111 and surround a receiving space 11a.
  • the receiving space 11a can be used to receive at least part of the carrier 13 and the lens 20.
  • the bottom 1111 may be provided with a first connecting hole 1111a.
  • the first connecting hole 1111a may connect the outside of the motor 10 with the receiving space 11a.
  • the frame 1112 may be provided with an avoidance hole 1112a.
  • the avoidance hole 1112a may penetrate the inner circumference and the outer circumference of the frame 1112 and connect the receiving space 11a.
  • the base 111 may further be provided with a first avoidance groove 113.
  • the first avoidance groove 113 may penetrate the bottom 1111 and the frame 1112 and be connected to the first communication hole 1111a of the bottom 1111. At this time, the inner side surface of the bottom 1111 may face the first avoidance groove 113.
  • the housing 112 may be substantially in the shape of a cube.
  • the housing 112 may be fixed to the bottom 1111 of the base 111.
  • the space enclosed by the housing 112 and the base 111 may constitute the installation space 10a of the entire motor 10.
  • the installation space 10a may be located in the middle of the motor 10.
  • the housing 112 can be arranged around the frame portion 1112 of the base 111. At this time, the space enclosed by the housing 112 and the base 111 (that is, the space enclosed by the inner side of the fixing seat 11) can constitute the installation space 10a of the entire motor 10. Exemplarily, there can be a gap 114 between the housing 112 and the frame portion 1112.
  • the housing 112 can also be provided with a second connecting hole 1121.
  • the second connecting hole 1121 can connect the outside of the motor 10 with the receiving space 11a, and is arranged opposite to the first connecting hole 1111a. It should be understood that in this embodiment, the receiving space 11a, the first connecting hole 1111a, the second connecting hole 1121 and the gap 114 can all constitute at least part of the installation space 10a of the motor 10.
  • FIG. 14 is an exploded schematic diagram of the drive assembly 12 of the motor 10 shown in FIG. 13 a .
  • the driving component 12 may include a driving circuit board 121, a coil 122, a driving chip 123, a magnetic member 124, a magnetic sheet 125, and a position sensor 126.
  • the coil 122 may be fixed on the driving circuit board 121 and electrically connected to the driving circuit board 121.
  • the coil 122 may include a focus coil 1221 and an anti-shake coil 1222.
  • the magnetic sheet 125 may be fixed on the side of the driving circuit board 121 away from the coil 122.
  • the position sensor 126 may be fixed on the driving circuit board 121 and electrically connected to the driving circuit board 121.
  • the position sensor 126 may be located in the coil hole of the coil 122.
  • the driving chip 123 may be fixed on the driving circuit board 121 and electrically connected to the driving circuit board 121. At this time, the driving chip 123 may be electrically connected to the coil 122 and the position sensor 126 at the same time through the driving circuit board 121. The driving chip 123 may be used to input a signal to the coil 122 and obtain information from the position sensor 126. Exemplarily, the driving chip 123 and the coil 122 may be located on the same side of the driving circuit board 121 .
  • the driving circuit board 121 and the magnetic sheet 125 can be at least partially located in the gap 114 between the housing 112 and the frame 1112.
  • the driving circuit board 121 can be arranged around the frame 1112 and fixedly connected to the outer peripheral side of the frame 1112.
  • the coil 122, the driving chip 123 and the position sensor 126 can all be located in the avoidance hole 1112a of the frame 1112.
  • the driving circuit board 121, the coil 122, the driving chip 123, the magnetic part 124, the magnetic sheet 125 and the position sensor 126 can all be installed in the installation space 10a of the motor 10.
  • the carrier 13 can be installed in the receiving space 11a of the base 111.
  • the carrier 13 may include a focusing bracket 131 and an anti-shake bracket 132.
  • the focusing bracket 131 may be movably connected to the base 111.
  • the focusing bracket 131 may be slidably connected to the base 111 via a sliding shaft.
  • the anti-shake bracket 132 may include a first bracket 1321 and a second bracket 1322.
  • the first bracket 1321 may be movably connected to the focusing bracket 131.
  • the second bracket 1322 may be movably connected to the first bracket 1321.
  • the first bracket 1321 may be slidably connected to the focusing bracket 131 via a ball bearing.
  • the second bracket 1322 may be slidably connected to the first bracket 1321 via a ball bearing.
  • the focus bracket 131 can move along the Z-axis direction relative to the base 111.
  • the first bracket 1321 can move along the X-axis direction relative to the focus bracket 131.
  • the second bracket 1322 can move along the Y-axis direction relative to the first bracket 1321.
  • the carrier 13 may be provided with a third connecting hole 133.
  • the third connecting hole 133 may sequentially penetrate the second bracket 1322, the first bracket 1321 and the focusing bracket 131.
  • the lens 20 may be mounted on the third connecting hole 133 and fixedly connected to the second bracket 1322, that is, the lens 20 may be located on the inner side of the carrier 13.
  • the light When light is incident on the motor 10, the light may sequentially pass through the first connecting hole 1111a and the lens 20, and finally be emitted from the motor 10 through the second connecting hole 1121. It should be noted that the specific installation method between the lens 20 and the carrier 13 will be described below in conjunction with the relevant drawings and will not be repeated here.
  • the surface of the focus bracket 131 facing the focus coil 1221 can form a focus mounting groove 1311.
  • the surface of the anti-shake bracket 132 facing the anti-shake coil 1222 can form an anti-shake mounting groove 1323.
  • the magnetic component 124 of the drive assembly 12 may include a focus magnetic component 1241 and an anti-shake magnetic component 1242.
  • the focus magnetic component 1241 can be installed in the focus mounting groove 1311.
  • the anti-shake magnetic component 1242 can be installed in the anti-shake mounting groove 1323.
  • the focus magnetic component 1241 can be located between the focus coil 1221 and the carrier.
  • the anti-shake magnetic component 1242 can be located between the anti-shake coil 1222 and the anti-shake magnetic component 1242.
  • the focus coil 1221 can cooperate with the focus magnetic member 1241, so as to drive the focus bracket 131 and drive the anti-shake bracket 132 to move along the Z-axis direction relative to the base 111.
  • the lens 20 can move along the Z-axis direction relative to the base 111 under the drive of the carrier 13 to realize the auto focus (AF) function.
  • the anti-shake coil 1222 can cooperate with the anti-shake magnetic part 1242, so as to drive the first bracket 1321 and drive the second bracket 1322 to move along the X-axis direction relative to the focus bracket 131, and/or drive the second bracket 1322 to move along the Y-axis direction relative to the first bracket 1321.
  • the lens 20 can move relative to the base 111 on the X-Y plane under the drive of the carrier 13, so as to realize the optical image stabilization (OIS) function.
  • OIS optical image stabilization
  • the motor 10 in this embodiment can be an integrated motor with both autofocus function and optical image stabilization function.
  • the integrated motor can be designed as an upright motor.
  • the motor 10 can drive the lens 20 to move in the optical axis direction of the lens 20 (that is, the Z-axis direction in this embodiment) to achieve autofocus.
  • the motor 10 can also drive the lens 20 to move in the vertical direction of the optical axis direction of the lens 20 (that is, the X-axis and Y-axis directions in this embodiment) to achieve optical image stabilization.
  • the focus bracket 131 can be provided with a second avoidance groove 1312.
  • the second avoidance groove 1312 can be connected to the bottom space of the anti-shake bracket 132 and the third connecting hole 133.
  • the second avoidance groove 1312 can be connected to the first avoidance groove 113 of the bottom 1111.
  • the first avoidance groove 113, the second avoidance groove 1312 and the bottom space of the anti-shake bracket 132 can together constitute at least part of the avoidance space 14 of the motor 10.
  • the avoidance space 14 can be connected to the installation space 10a.
  • Figure 13b schematically shows the avoidance space 14 through dotted lines. Among them, the volume of the area surrounded by the dotted lines is slightly larger than the avoidance space 14. In this embodiment, the setting of the avoidance space 14 does not affect the functional realization of the motor 10.
  • the focus bracket 131 may not be provided with the second avoidance groove 1312 .
  • the avoidance space 14 may be formed in other ways on the fixing base 11 or between the fixing base 11 and the carrier 13. The present application does not limit the formation method of the avoidance space 14.
  • FIG15 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in FIG3 at another viewing angle in an implementation manner on the B-B line.
  • a first glue overflow groove 15 may be formed between the lens 20 and the inner side of the second bracket 1322. Glue may be applied in the first glue overflow groove 15 to form a glue layer.
  • the lens 20 may be fixedly connected to the carrier 13 through the glue layer.
  • the first glue overflow groove 15 may include a first portion 151, a second portion 152, and a third portion 153 that are connected in sequence.
  • the first portion 151, the second portion 152, and the third portion 153 may be arranged in the optical axis direction of the lens 20.
  • the width of the first portion 151 may be greater than the width of the second portion 152 and the third portion 153.
  • the width of the second portion 152 may be greater than the width of the third portion 153.
  • the widths of the first portion 151, the second portion 152, and the third portion 153 all refer to the widths in the X-axis direction.
  • the width of the first portion 151 may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. At this time, the distance between the wall of the carrier 13 and the lens 20 is sufficient to prevent glue from overflowing.
  • the carrier 13 may have a glue flow slope 134 facing the second portion 152. The glue flow slope 134 may form an angle less than or equal to 60° with the optical axis direction of the lens 20.
  • the width of the third portion 153 may be in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the width of the third portion 153 of the first overflow glue groove 15 is within the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, the width of the third portion 153 can be prevented from being too large, thereby preventing the lens 20 from being offset during the assembly process. It should be noted that the above-mentioned configuration schemes of the first overflow glue groove 15 can be combined with each other, and this application does not limit this.
  • the lens 20 when the lens 20 and the motor 10 are assembled, the lens 20 can be assembled with the carrier 13 of the motor 10 from above the motor 10, and then the lens 20 and the motor 10 are turned over, and glue is injected into the first overflow glue groove 15 to form a glue layer, so that the lens 20 can be fixed to the carrier 13 of the motor 10 through the glue layer.
  • the assembly between the lens 20 and the motor 10 can also use active lens focusing technology.
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial installation process of an embodiment of the camera assembly 1 shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the camera module 100 shown in Fig. 3 on the B-B line.
  • the motor 10 can be fixed to the first upper surface 421 of the prism holder 40 together with the lens 20.
  • the prism 30 can be located at the bottom side of the motor 10. Part of the prism 30 can be located in the avoidance space 14.
  • the incident surface 30a of the prism 30 can face the lens 20.
  • the exit surface 30b of the prism 30 can be exposed relative to the motor 10, that is, the exit surface 30b of the prism 30 is not blocked by the motor 10.
  • the motor 10 and the prism bracket 40 can be assembled by active lens focusing technology. After visually identifying the characteristic points of the motor 10 and the prism bracket 40, the mobile robot arm of the assembly equipment can grab the motor 10 and the lens 20, and move them to the corresponding position of the prism bracket 40 for fixing, thereby completing the assembly between the motor 10 and the prism bracket 40. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the sensor assembly 70 and the prism 30 are installed first, and then the motor 10 and the lens 20 are installed with the prism 30. This installation method is relatively simple and has high accuracy.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a partial installation process of another embodiment of the camera assembly 1 shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the motor 10 , the lens 20 , and the prism 30 may be installed first, and then the sensor assembly 70 and the prism 30 may be installed.
  • FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an implementation of the camera module 100 shown in FIG. 3 along line BB.
  • the lens 20 and the sensor assembly 70 may be located on the same side of the prism 30.
  • the bottom surface of the housing 2 may constitute the bottom surface of the entire camera module 100.
  • the distance from the top surface of the sensor assembly 70 to the bottom surface of the camera module 100 is the module tail height.
  • the distance from the top surface of the motor 10 to the bottom surface of the camera module 100 is the module shoulder height.
  • the distance from the top surface of the lens 20 to the bottom surface of the camera module 100 is the total height of the module.
  • the length of the housing 2 in the X-axis direction is the total length of the module.
  • the camera module 100 in this embodiment changes the optical path by setting the prism 30, so that the lens 20 and the prism 30 are arranged at the module height, and the image sensor 71 and the prism 30 are also arranged at the module height, thereby effectively reducing the module length.
  • the lens 20 and the image sensor 71 are arranged on the same side of the prism 30, which effectively reduces the module height.
  • this embodiment also sets an avoidance space 14 in the motor 10, and partially locates the prism 30 in the avoidance space 14, so that the motor 10 can sink relative to the prism 30, and the arrangement of the prism 30, the motor 10 and the image sensor 71 is more compact, so that the module height can be further reduced, so that the overall module size of the camera module 100 is smaller, which is conducive to realizing the miniaturization of the camera module 100.
  • the lens 20 and the image sensor 71 are arranged on the same side of the prism 30, so that the optical axis of the lens 20 is in a normal relationship with the first surface 31 of the prism 30.
  • the phase plane of the image sensor 71 is in a normal relationship with the optical axis of the lens 20 and is parallel to the first surface 31 of the prism 30.
  • the camera module 100 in this embodiment can increase the total length of the optical system by setting the prism 30 to reflect the light multiple times without increasing the physical length of the module, so that the camera module 100 can achieve a small setting while obtaining a larger focal length.
  • the motor 10 drives the lens 20 to move to realize the anti-shake function
  • its movement mode is translation, so as to avoid the rotation of the reflector in the periscope optical system, which causes the image to rotate in the field of view and improves the image quality.
  • the motor 10 in this embodiment is an integrated motor 10, and the structure of the motor 10 is simpler, which is conducive to reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire camera module 100.
  • the total length of the optical system of the camera module 100 can be in the range of 15 mm to 30 mm.
  • the camera module 100 can achieve 2x to 5x zoom, and its effective focal length can be in the range of 10 mm to 20 mm.
  • the motor height of the camera module 100 can be in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • the prism height can be in the range of 2.5 mm to 5 mm.
  • the module length can be in the range of 15 mm to 30 mm.
  • the module tail height can be in the range of 3 mm to 7 mm.
  • the module shoulder height can be in the range of 5 mm to 10 mm.
  • the total module height can be in the range of 6 mm to 15 mm.
  • the sensor assembly 70 may also include an anti-shake assembly.
  • the anti-shake assembly can realize the optical image stabilization function of the image sensor 71 by controlling the image sensor 71 to move in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the lens 20.
  • the camera module 100 can be a dual anti-shake camera with both lens 20 anti-shake and image sensor 71 anti-shake, which is beneficial to improve the image quality of the camera module 100.
  • the motor 10 can also only control the lens 20 to move along the optical axis to realize the autofocus function.
  • the camera module 100 can realize the optical image stabilization function of the image sensor 71 only through the anti-shake assembly in the sensor assembly 70, thereby realizing the optical image stabilization function of the entire camera module 100.
  • the camera module 100 can also realize the auto focus function by controlling the prism 30 to move along the optical axis direction, and realize the optical image stabilization function by controlling the image sensor 71 to move in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the lens 20.
  • the camera module 100 can also realize the auto focus function and the optical image stabilization function by controlling the prism 30 to move along the optical axis direction and in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the lens 20, and realize the optical image stabilization function by controlling the image sensor 71 to move in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the lens 20.
  • the structure of the camera module 100 is specifically introduced above, and the structure of the prism 30 will be specifically introduced below in conjunction with the relevant drawings.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 8 at another viewing angle.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 8 at yet another viewing angle.
  • the prism 30 may also include at least two reflecting surfaces.
  • the reflecting surface and the transmitting surface (that is, the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b) may together constitute the prism working surface of the prism 30.
  • the number of reflecting surfaces may be three, namely, the first reflecting surface 371, the second reflecting surface 372, and the third reflecting surface 373.
  • the first reflecting surface 371 may be located on the third side surface 35.
  • the second reflecting surface 372 may be located on the first surface 31.
  • the third reflecting surface 373 may be located on the fourth side surface 36. In this case, in the Z-axis direction, the first reflecting surface 371 and the third reflecting surface 373 may both be located on the bottom side of the incident surface 30a.
  • the second reflecting surface 372 and the incident surface 30a are located on the same side of the prism 30.
  • An angle may be formed between the first reflecting surface 371 and the exit surface 30b (that is, an angle is formed between the first surface 31 and the third side surface 35).
  • the third reflecting surface 373 may form an angle with the exit surface 30b (that is, an angle is formed between the first surface 31 and the fourth side surface 36).
  • the second reflecting surface 372 may be located between the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b.
  • the specific number and position of the reflecting surfaces may be changed according to the specific shape of the prism 30.
  • the second reflective surface 372 may overlap with the incident surface 30a. In other embodiments, the second reflective surface 372 may overlap with the exit surface 30b. Alternatively, the second reflective surface 372 may overlap with both the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b.
  • the camera assembly 1 may further include an anti-reflection film (not shown) and a reflective film (not shown).
  • the anti-reflection film may be provided on the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b of the prism 30, respectively, to increase the light transmission performance of the incident surface 30a and the exit surface 30b.
  • the reflective film may be provided on the reflective surface of the prism 30 (i.e., the first reflective surface 371, the second reflective surface 372, and the third reflective surface 373 in this embodiment) to increase the reflective performance of the reflective surface.
  • the surface of the prism 30 other than the incident surface 30a, the exit surface 30b and the reflective surface can constitute the non-imaging surface of the prism 30.
  • the non-imaging surface of the prism 30 can be provided with a light shielding layer to prevent stray light from entering the interior of the prism 30.
  • light shielding ink can be applied to the non-imaging surface of the prism 30 to prevent stray light from entering the interior of the prism 30.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 20 on line C-C in one embodiment.
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 20 on line D-D in one embodiment.
  • the prism 30 may further include a light-blocking layer 38.
  • the light-blocking layer 38 may be located between the third side surface 35 and the fourth side surface 36, that is, between the first reflecting surface 371 and the third reflecting surface 373 (see FIG. 21 ).
  • the light-blocking layer 38 may be connected to the second surface 32.
  • the middle and upper part of the light-blocking layer 38 may form a light-transmitting area 381 for light to pass through. At this time, at least a portion of the light-blocking layer 38 may be spaced apart from the first surface 31.
  • the prism 30 may also be provided with a groove 39.
  • the groove 39 may be located between the third side surface 35 and the fourth side surface 36, that is, between the first reflecting surface 371 and the third reflecting surface 373 (see FIG. 21 ).
  • the opening of the groove 39 may be formed on the first side surface 33, the second side surface 34, and the second surface 32 (FIG. 21 also illustrates the groove 39 from another angle).
  • the groove 39 is recessed toward the inside of the prism 30.
  • the groove wall of the groove 39 is subjected to a light-shielding treatment to form a light-blocking layer 38. In this way, by providing a light-blocking layer 38 inside the prism 30 to block light, it is possible to prevent stray light outside the light-transmitting area 381 from passing through and affecting the image quality.
  • the groove 39 may be formed by cutting and grooving a local area of the prism 30.
  • the prism 30 may be a cut-edge prism.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of assembling the prism 30 shown in FIG. 8 in another embodiment.
  • the prism 30 may also be a glued prism.
  • the prism 30 may include a first sub-section 301 and a second sub-section 302 separated from each other.
  • the first sub-section 301 may be fixed to the second sub-section 302 by gluing. In this way, by coating ink or providing a light shielding layer on the gluing surface of the first sub-section 301 and/or the second sub-section 302, a light shielding layer 38 may be formed.
  • FIG25 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the camera module 100 shown in FIG3 along the B-B line.
  • the light can enter the prism 30 from the incident surface 30a through the lens 20, and then be reflected by the first reflection surface 371, the second reflection surface 372, and the third reflection surface 373 in sequence, and then be emitted from the prism 30 from the exit surface 30b, and finally be imaged on the image sensor 71.
  • the light can be reflected three or more times in an odd number inside the prism 30.
  • the light can also be reflected five or more times inside the prism 30.
  • Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism 30 and the image sensor 71 shown in Fig. 25.
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure shown in Fig. 26 at another viewing angle.
  • the first side surface 33 of the prism 30 may form an angle with the second side surface 34.
  • the angle between the first side surface 33 and/or the second side surface 34 and the first surface 31 may be greater than or less than 90°.
  • the prism 30 may be a trapezoidal shaped prism 30.
  • the angle between the first side surface 33 and the first surface 31 may be greater than 90°.
  • the angle between the second side surface 34 and the first surface 31 may be greater than 90°.
  • the spacing between the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 may increase in a direction away from the first surface 31.
  • the width of the second surface 32 i.e., the length in the Y-axis direction in this embodiment) is greater than the width of the first surface 31.
  • the stray light can be incident from the incident surface 30a of the prism 30, and after being reflected by the third side surface 35, the second reflection surface 372, the fourth side surface 36, the first side surface 33, the first surface 31 and the fourth side surface 36 in sequence, it is absorbed by the second side surface 34.
  • the stray light can be incident from the incident surface 30a of the prism 30, and after being reflected by the third side surface 35, the second reflection surface 372, the fourth side surface 36, the second side surface 34, the first surface 31 and the fourth side surface 36 in sequence, it is absorbed by the first side surface 33.
  • the stray light is reflected six times inside the prism 30. It should be understood that Figures 26 and 27 illustrate the light path when the stray light is absorbed by the second side surface 34.
  • the incident field angle of the stray light When the incident field angle of the stray light is large, and the incident angle with the third side surface 35 of the prism 30 is large, the reflectivity of the stray light is large. At this time, the incident angle of the stray light on the exit surface 30b of the prism 30 increases, and the stray light can be totally reflected inside the prism 30, so that the stray light can be finally absorbed by the first side surface 33 or the second side surface 34.
  • the prism 30 in this embodiment has multiple reflective surfaces. After the light enters the prism 30 from the incident surface 30a of the prism 30, the light can be reflected between the multiple reflective surfaces until it is emitted from the exit surface 30b and imaged on the image sensor 71. Among them, the light can be reflected three or more times in an odd number inside the prism 30, so that the light path can be folded, effectively increasing the focal length of the camera module 100 and the total length of the optical system. In other words, this embodiment can increase the total length of the optical system by setting a prism 30 without increasing the physical length of the module, and setting multiple reflective surfaces inside the prism 30 to reflect the light multiple times, so that the camera module 100 can achieve a miniaturized setting while obtaining a larger focal length.
  • the present embodiment also performs anti-reflection treatment on the non-imaging area of the prism 30 by setting a shading layer or coating shading ink (for example, a shading layer is set on the first side 33 and the second side 34 of the prism 30), thereby effectively preventing stray light inside the camera module 100 from entering the prism 30 and affecting the image quality.
  • a shading layer or coating shading ink for example, a shading layer is set on the first side 33 and the second side 34 of the prism 30
  • the stray light can be reflected multiple times inside the prism 30, and the stray light can be gradually attenuated by using the ineffective blackening process, so that the stray light can be absorbed by the non-imaging area of the prism 30.
  • this embodiment also increases the distance between the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 in the direction away from the incident surface 30a, so that the stray light entering the interior of the prism 30 can increase the number of reflections inside the prism 30, or the stray light is totally reflected inside the prism 30, so that the stray light can be finally absorbed by the first side surface 33 or the second side surface 34, thereby preventing the stray light from being imaged on the image sensor 71 and eliminating the influence of the stray light on the image quality.
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 20 in another embodiment.
  • Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 28 at another viewing angle.
  • Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the prism 30 shown in Fig. 28 on line E-E in an embodiment.
  • the structure of the prism 30 in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the prism 30 shown in Figure 20, and the same parts are not repeated.
  • the difference is that the first side surface 33 and the second side surface 34 of the prism 30 in this embodiment can be parallel to each other.
  • the prism 30 can be a regular elongated prism 30.
  • the first side surface 33 can be perpendicular to the first surface 31.
  • the second side surface 34 can be perpendicular to the first surface 31.
  • FIG31 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG12 in another embodiment.
  • the structure of the camera module 100 in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the camera module 100 shown in FIG12 , and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that the fixing member 74 can also be located between the filter 73 and the prism 30.
  • the filter 73 can be fixedly connected to the prism 30 by the fixing member 74.
  • the filter 73 can be arranged opposite to the exit surface 30 b of the prism 30.
  • the fixing member 74 may be a glue layer, and the fixing member 74 may be fixed around the exit surface 30b by dispensing glue.
  • FIG32 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG12 in yet another embodiment.
  • the structure of the camera module 100 in this embodiment is substantially the same as the structure of the camera module 100 shown in FIG12 , and the similarities are not repeated.
  • the difference is that the fixing member 74 and the filter 73 can be located between the lens 20 and the prism 30.
  • the fixing member 74 can be located between the filter 73 and the prism 30.
  • the filter 73 can be fixedly connected to the prism 30 through the fixing member 74.
  • the filter 73 can be arranged opposite to the incident surface 30a of the prism 30.
  • the fixing member 74 may be a glue layer, and the fixing member 74 may be fixed around the incident surface 30a by dispensing glue.
  • FIG33 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure shown in FIG12 in yet another embodiment.
  • the structure of the camera module 100 in this embodiment is substantially the same as the structure of the camera module 100 shown in FIG12 , and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that the optical filter 73 in this embodiment can be directly fixed on the first surface 31 of the prism 30.
  • the optical filter 73 can cover the incident surface 30a and/or the exit surface 30b.
  • the optical filter 73 can be an infrared cut-off film. It can be understood that in this embodiment, an infrared cut-off film is provided on the first surface 31 of the prism 30 to form the optical filter 73. In this way, by directly providing the optical filter 73 on the surface of the prism 30, there is no need to additionally provide the fixing member 74, which is conducive to saving the internal space of the camera module 100.
  • FIG34 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown in FIG12 in another embodiment.
  • the structure of the camera module 100 in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the camera module 100 shown in FIG. 12 , and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that the fixing member 74 in this embodiment can be a glue layer.
  • the fixing member 74 can be fixed on the circuit board 72 by dispensing glue and is located around the image sensor 71.
  • the filter 73 is fixedly connected to the circuit board 72 through the fixing member 74.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种摄像头模组及电子设备。摄像头模组包括马达、镜头、棱镜和图像传感器。马达具有安装空间和连通安装空间的避让空间。安装空间位于马达的中部且由马达的顶部贯穿至马达的底部。避让空间位于马达的底部并延伸至马达的一侧。镜头安装于安装空间。棱镜位于马达的底侧且部分位于避让空间。棱镜包括入射面和出射面。入射面面向镜头。入射面与出射面位于棱镜的同一侧。出射面相对马达露出。图像传感器位于棱镜朝向镜头的一侧，且面向出射面设置。其中，光线经过镜头后，由入射面进入棱镜，在棱镜内部发生多次反射后，由出射面射出，成像于图像传感器。本申请的摄像头模组在具有较长焦距的情况下，模组尺寸较小，以兼顾长焦与小型化。

Description

摄像头模组及电子设备
本申请要求在2022年11月18日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202211447841.8的中国专利申请的优先权，发明名称为“摄像头模组及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，本申请要求在2023年1月14日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202310081583.4的中国专利申请的优先权，发明名称为“摄像头模组及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及拍摄设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种摄像头模组及电子设备。
背景技术
随着消费者使用移动设备拍照的频率增加，对能够提供高变焦放大率的相机模块的需求也增加。为了增加变焦放大率，可能需要增加入射到相机的光移动到图像传感器的距离(焦距)，即模组的光学系统总长度(TTL)因焦距长度的瓶颈需要做大。另外，为了实现相对长的光学系统总长度，可能需要增加相机的长度。通常，设置在诸如智能电话的电子设备中的相机可以包括在朝向电子设备的前表面或后表面的方向上布置的透镜和图像传感器。然而，为了增加光学系统总长度，物侧透镜和图像传感器之间的距离可能需要增加，这可能增加电子设备的前表面与后表面之间的区域的尺寸。即，增加光学系统总长可能增加电子设备的厚度。
为了在不显著增加电子设备的厚度的情况下提供高变焦放大率，摄像头模组利用反射结构对光线进行90度反射，再将图像传感器90度放置，从而减小模组总高，但是会增加模组长度，模组长度过大会增加摄像头模组于电子设备中的组装难度，导致成本较高。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种摄像头模组及电子设备，摄像头模组的焦距较大且模组尺寸较小。
第一方面，提供一种摄像头模组。摄像头模组包括马达、镜头、棱镜和图像传感器。马达具有安装空间和连通安装空间的避让空间。安装空间位于马达的中部且由马达的顶部贯穿至马达的底部。避让空间位于马达的底部。避让空间连通安装空间并延伸至马达的一侧。镜头安装于安装空间。棱镜位于马达的底侧且部分位于避让空间。棱镜包括入射面和出射面。入射面面向镜头。入射面与出射面位于棱镜的同一侧。出射面相对马达露出。图像传感器位于棱镜朝向镜头的一侧，且面向出射面设置。其中，光线经过镜头后，由入射面进入棱镜，在棱镜内部发生多次反射后，由出射面射出，成像于图像传感器。
可以理解的是，本申请的摄像头模组通过设置棱镜改变光路，使得镜头与棱镜排布于模组高度，图像传感器与棱镜也排布于模组高度，从而有效降低了模组长度。镜头与图像传感器排布于棱镜的同侧，有效降低了模组高度。同时，本申请还通过在马达内部设置避让空间，将棱镜的部分位于避让空间内，使得棱镜、马达及图像传感器的排布更为紧凑，从而可以进一步降低模组高度，使得摄像头模组的整体模组尺寸较小，有利于实现摄像头模组的小型化设置。
另外，镜头与图像传感器排布于棱镜的同侧，使得镜头的光轴与棱镜的入射面以及出射面呈法向关系。同时，图像传感器的相面与镜头的光轴呈法相关系，与棱镜的出射面平行。当光线经过镜头入射至棱镜时，光线会在棱镜的内部发生多次反射，然后由出射面射出，并成像于图像传感器。这样，光线在成像于图像传感器之前，可以在棱镜内部发生多次反射，从而可以折叠光路，有效增加摄像头模组的焦距和光学系统总长度(total track length，TTL)。换言之，本申请的摄像头模组可以在不增加模组的物理长度的情况下，通过设置棱镜对光线进行多次反射以增加光学系统总长度，使得摄像头模组能够在获得较大焦距的同时实现小型化设置。
此外，马达在驱动镜头移动实现防抖功能时，其运动模式为平移，从而可以避免潜望式光学系统中的反射镜转动，导致影像在视场中旋转，影像画质。同时，本实施方式中的马达为一体式马达，其的结构更加简单，有利于降低整个摄像头模组的制造成本。
一种可能的实现方式中，马达包括固定座、驱动组件及载体，驱动组件及载体均安装于固定座的内侧，驱动组件用于驱动载体运动，镜头固定于载体的内侧。避让空间至少部分形成于固定座。这样，马达的结构更为简单，有利于降低整个摄像头模组的制造成本。
一种可能的实现方式中，载体与镜头之间形成溢胶槽，溢胶槽包括依次连通的第一部分、第二部分及第三部分，第一部分、第二部分及第三部分排布于镜头的光轴方向上，第一部分的宽度大于第二部分的宽 度及第三部分的宽度，第二部分的宽度大于第三部分的宽度。这样，通过设置溢胶槽，使得镜头与载体之间通过胶水粘接时，可以连接得更加稳固。
一种可能的实现方式中，第一部分的宽度大于或等于0.5mm。或，载体具有面向第二部分的流胶斜面，流胶斜面与镜头的光轴方向之间形成小于或等于60°的夹角。或，第三部分的宽度在0.1mm至0.5mm的范围内。这样，通过改变溢胶槽的形状，使得载体的避免与镜头之间的距离足够，从而可以防止胶水溢出。
一种可能的实现方式中，棱镜还包括第一反射面、第二反射面及第三反射面。在镜头的光轴方向上，第一反射面位于入射面的底侧，第一反射面与入射面之间形成夹角。第二反射面与入射面位于棱镜的同侧，第二反射面位于入射面与出射面之间。在镜头的光轴方向上，第三反射面位于出射面的底侧，第三反射面与出射面之间形成夹角。光线由入射面进入棱镜后，依次在第一反射面、第二反射面及第三反射面上反射后，由出射面射出。
可以理解的是，本申请的摄像头模组中的棱镜具有多个反射面。当光线从棱镜的入射面进入棱镜之后，光线可以在多个反射面之间发生多次反射，直至由出射面射出，并成像于图像传感器。其中，光线可以在棱镜的内部发生三次或以上奇数次反射，从而可以有效折叠光路，增加摄像头模组的焦距与光学系统总长度。换言之，本申请的摄像头模组可以在不增加模组的物理长度的情况下，通过设置棱镜，并在棱镜的内部设置多个反射面以对光线进行多次反射，从而增加光学系统总长度，使得摄像头模组能够在获得较大焦距的同时实现小型化设置。
一种可能的实现方式中，棱镜还包括挡光层，挡光层位于第一反射面与第三反射面之间，挡光层用于遮挡光线，挡光层的中上部形成通光区。这样，通过在棱镜内部设置挡光层来遮挡光线，从而可以防止通光区外的杂散光通过，影响图像质量。
一种可能的实现方式中，棱镜还包括第一侧面和第二侧面，第一侧面和第二侧面分别位于入射面及出射面的两侧，第一侧面平行于第二侧面，第一侧面和第二侧面设有遮光层。这样，通过在第一侧面与第二侧面设置遮光层可以防止摄像头模组中的杂光进入棱镜，影响图像质量。
一种可能的实现方式中，棱镜还包括第一侧面和第二侧面，第一侧面和第二侧面分别位于入射面及出射面的两侧，第一侧面和第二侧面形成夹角，第一侧面与第二侧面的间距在远离入射面的方向上递增，第一侧面和第二侧面设有遮光层。这样，通过在第一侧面与第二侧面设置遮光层可以防止摄像头模组中的杂光进入棱镜，影响图像质量。此外，即使杂光进入棱镜内部，通过使第一侧面与第二侧面之间的间距在远离入射面的方向上递增，使得射入棱镜内部的杂光可以增加在棱镜内部的反射次数，或者使杂光在棱镜30内部发生全反射，从而使杂光最终能够被第一侧面或者第二侧面吸收，避免杂光成像于图像传感器，消除杂光对图像质量的影响。
一种可能的实现方式中，棱镜设有凹槽。凹槽的开口形成于第一侧面、第二侧面以及棱镜的底面。凹槽的槽壁用于形成挡光层。这样，通过设置凹槽，可以有利于形成挡光层，从而防止挡光层的通光区外的杂光通过，影响图像质量。
一种可能的实现方式中，摄像头模组还包括棱镜支架，棱镜支架位于马达及图像传感器的底侧，棱镜固定于棱镜支架的内侧。这样，通过将棱镜固定于棱镜支架，可以有效提高整个摄像头模组的结构稳定性，同时可以避免棱镜晃动，影响图像质量。
一种可能的实现方式中，棱镜支架设有容置空间，容置空间的壁面设有多个溢胶槽，棱镜位于容置空间，并通过胶层与容置空间的壁面固定连接。这样，通过设置溢胶槽，可以有效增加胶水的粘接力，从而提高棱镜与棱镜支架之间的结构稳定性。
一种可能的实现方式中，马达用于驱动镜头在镜头的光轴方向上移动，还用于驱动镜头在镜头的光轴方向的垂直方向上移动。这样，马达为同时具备自动对焦功能以及光学图像防抖功能的一体式马达，马达的结构更加简单，有利于降低整个摄像头模组的制造成本。
一种可能的实现方式中，固定座包括底座。载体包括对焦支架与防抖支架。对焦支架活动连接底座。防抖支架活动连接对焦支架。驱动组件安装于底座。镜头固定于防抖支架。驱动组件用于驱动对焦支架带动防抖支架相对底座移动，驱动组件还用于驱动防抖支架相对对焦支架移动。这样，马达为同时具备防抖功能和对焦功能的一体式马达，通过对焦支架相对载体移动实现对焦功能，通过防抖支架相对对焦支架移动实现防抖功能。相较于对焦支架与防抖支架分开设置的分体式镜头马达，本申请的马达体积更小，有利于实现马达的小型化设置，有利于节省摄像头模组的内部空间。
一种可能的实现方式中，底座设有第一避让槽。第一避让槽贯穿底座的底部。对焦支架设有第二避让槽，第二避让槽连通防抖支架的底部空间以及第一避让槽。第一避让槽、第二避让槽和防抖支架的底部空 间构成避让空间。可以理解的是，本申请的摄像头模组中的马达通过设置避让空间，并将棱镜的至少部分可以位于避让空间内，使得马达可以相对棱镜下沉，以降低马达的高度，从而实现摄像头模组的整体降高，有利于实现摄像头模组的薄型化设置，同时，摄像头模组的整体结构更加紧凑，有利于节省空间。
一种可能的实现方式中，摄像头模组还包括滤光片。滤光片位于棱镜与图像传感器之间。滤光片与出射面相对设置、或者滤光片位于棱镜与镜头之间，滤光片与入射面相对设置。这样，通过设置滤光片，并让滤光片与出射面或者入射面相对设置，使得光线在进入图像传感器之前可以经过滤光片，从而可以过滤掉不可见光线，有效提高图像质量。
一种可能的实现方式中，摄像头模组还包括固定件，滤光片通过固定件固定连接棱镜。这样，滤光片可以更加牢固地固定在棱镜上，有利于提高摄像头模组的结构稳定性。
一种可能的实现方式中，摄像头模组还包括电路板、固定件以及滤光片。图像传感器固定连接电路板，且电连接电路板。滤光片通过固定件固定连接电路板。滤光片位于棱镜的出射面与图像传感器之间。这样，滤光片可以更加牢固地固定在电路板上，有利于提高摄像头模组的结构稳定性。
一种可能的实现方式中，摄像头模组还包括滤光片。滤光片通过镀膜工艺或者贴膜工艺设于棱镜上，且覆盖入射面和/或出射面。这样，滤光片直接设于棱镜上，可以节省固定件的空间，使得摄像头模组的结构更加紧凑。
第二方面，提供了一种电子设备。电子设备包括图像处理器和上述的摄像头模组。图像处理器与摄像头模组通信连接。图像处理器用于从摄像头模组获取图像数据，并处理图像数据。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施方式提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示的电子设备在A-A线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖视图；
图3是图1所示的摄像头模组的一种实施方式中的结构示意图；
图4是图3所示的摄像头模组的分解结构示意图；
图5是图4所示的摄像组件的一种实施方式中的分解结构示意图；
图6是图5所示的棱镜支架在另一角度下的结构示意图；
图7是图5所示的棱镜支架的结构示意图；
图8是图5所示的棱镜的在一种实施方式中的结构示意图；
图9是图5所示的棱镜与棱镜支架的结构示意图；
图10是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖面示意图；
图11是图5所示的摄像组件的部分结构示意图；
图12是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖面示意图；
图13a是图5所示的马达在一种实施方式中的分解示意图；
图13b是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖面示意图；
图14是图13a所示的马达的驱动组件的分解示意图；
图15是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的另一视角下的部分剖面示意图；
图16是图4所示的摄像组件的一种实施方式中的部分安装过程示意图；
图17是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的部分剖面示意图；
图18是图4所示的摄像组件的另一种实施方式中的部分安装过程示意图；
图19是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的一种实施方式的部分剖面示意图；
图20是图8所示的棱镜在另一视角下的结构示意图；
图21是图8所示的棱镜在又一视角下的结构示意图；
图22是图20所示的棱镜在C-C线上的一种实施方式中的剖面示意图；
图23是图20所示的棱镜在D-D线上的一种实施方式中的剖面示意图；
图24是图8所示的棱镜在其他实施方式中的组装示意图；
图25是图3所示的摄像头模组在B-B线上的部分剖面示意图；
图26是图25所示的棱镜与图像传感器的结构示意图；
图27是图26所示的结构在另一视角下的结构示意图；
图28是图20所示的棱镜在另一种实施方式中的结构示意图；
图29是图28所示的棱镜在另一视角下的结构示意图；
图30是图28所示的棱镜在E-E线上的一种实施方式中的剖面示意图；
图31是图12所示的结构在另一种实施方式中的剖面示意图；
图32是图12所示的结构在又一实施方式中的剖面示意图；
图33是图12所示的结构在再一种实施方式中的剖面示意图；
图34是图12所示的结构在其他实施方式中的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
为方便理解，下面先对本申请实施例所涉及的英文简写和有关技术术语进行解释和描述。
光焦度(focal power)，等于像方光束会聚度与物方光束会聚度之差，它表征光学系统偏折光线的能力。
具有正光焦度的透镜或透镜组，透镜或透镜组具有正的焦距，具有会聚光线的效果。
具有负光焦度的透镜或透镜组，透镜或透镜组具有负的焦距，具有发散光线的效果。
焦距(focal length)，也称为焦长，是光学系统中衡量光的汇聚或发散的度量方式，指无限远的景物通过透镜或透镜组在焦平面结成清晰影像时，透镜或透镜组的光学中心至焦平面的垂直距离。从实用的角度可以理解为物体在无限远时镜头中心至平面的距离。对于定焦镜头来说，其光学中心的位置是固定不变的；对于长焦镜头来说，镜头的光学中心的变化带来镜头焦距的变化。
镜头的有效焦距(effective focal length，EFL)，是指镜头中心到焦点的距离。
物侧面，以透镜为界，被摄物体所在一侧为物侧，透镜靠近物侧的表面称为物侧面。
像侧面，以透镜为界，被摄物体的图像所在的一侧为像侧，透镜靠近像侧的表面称为像侧面。
孔径光阑(aperture diaphragm)，是用来控制光线透过镜头，进入机身内感光面光量的装置，它通常是在镜头内。
光圈值，又称F数(Fno)，是镜头的焦距/镜头入瞳直径得出的相对值(相对孔径的倒数)。光圈值愈小，在同一单位时间内的进光量便愈多。光圈值越大，景深越小，拍照的背景内容将会虚化，类似长焦镜头的效果。
总长度(total track length，TTL)，指镜头最靠近物侧的表面至成像面的总长度，TTL是形成相机高度的主要因素。
成像面，位于长焦镜头中所有透镜的像侧、且光线依次穿过长焦镜头中各透镜后形成像的载面。
光轴，是一条垂直穿过透镜中心的轴线。镜头光轴是通过镜头的各个透镜的中心的轴线。与光轴平行的光线射入凸透镜时，理想的凸透镜应是所有的光线会聚在透镜后的一点，这个会聚所有光线的一点，即为焦点。
焦点，平行光线经透镜或透镜组折射后的会聚点。
像方焦面，也称为后焦面或第二焦面，为经过像方焦点(也称为后焦点或第二焦点)且垂直于系统光轴的平面。
阿贝数(Abbe)，即色散系数，是光学材料在不同波长下的折射率的差值比，代表材料色散程度大小。
像差，光学系统近轴区具有理想光学系统的性质，物体上的一点发出的近轴光线与像面相交在一点(也即近轴像点)，但是实际穿过镜头不同孔径的光线很难完美的相交在一点，而是与近轴像点的位置有一定偏差，这些差异统称为像差。
轴向色差(longitudinal spherical aber)，也称为纵向色差或位置色差或轴向像差，一束平行于光轴的光线，在经过镜头后会聚于前后不同的位置，这种像差称为位置色差或轴向色差。这是由于镜头对各个波长的光所成像的位置不同，使得最后成像时不同色的光的像方焦平面不能重合，复色光散开形成色散。
畸变(distortion)，也称为失真，光学系统对物体所成的像相对于物体本身而言的失真程度。畸变是由于光阑球差的影响，不同视场的主光线通过光学系统后与高斯像面的交点高度不等于理想像高，两者之差就是畸变。因此畸变只改变轴外物点在理想面上的成像位置，使像的形状产生失真，但不影响像的清晰度。
ImgH(Image Hight)，表示的是感光芯片上有效像素区域对角线长的一半,也即成像面的像高。
像散(astigmatism)，由于物点不在光学系统的光轴上，它所发出的光束与光轴有一倾斜角。该光束经透镜折射后，其子午细光束与弧矢细光束的汇聚点不在一个点上。即光束不能聚焦于一点，成像不清晰，故产生像散。子午细光束和弧矢细光束是旋转对称的光学系统内两个垂直平面内的光束名称。
子午面(meridian plane)，光轴外物点的主光线(主光束)与光轴所构成的平面，称为子午面。
弧矢面(sagittal surface)，过光轴外物点的主光线(主光束)，并与子午面垂直的平面，称为弧矢面。
场曲(curvature of field)，场曲用于表示非中心视场光线经过光学镜头组后的最清晰像点位置与中心视场最清晰像点位置在光轴向的差异。当透镜存在场曲时，整个光束的交点不与理想像点重合，虽然在每个特定点都能得到清晰的像点，但整个像平面则是一个曲面。
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；文本中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，另外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
图1是本申请实施方式提供的一种电子设备1000的结构示意图。图2是图1所示的电子设备1000在A-A线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖视图。
如图1和图2所示，电子设备1000可以为手机、平板电脑(tablet personal computer)、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、个人数码助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、照相机、个人计算机、笔记本电脑、车载设备、可穿戴设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)眼镜、AR头盔、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)眼镜或者VR头盔等具有摄像头模组的设备。图1所示实施例的电子设备1000以手机为例进行阐述。
如图1和图2所示，电子设备1000可以包括摄像头模组100、设备壳体200、屏幕300以及图像处理器(图未示)。其中，摄像头模组100可以为后置摄像头模组，也可以为前置摄像头模组。图像处理器可以与摄像头模组100通信连接。图像处理器可以用于从摄像头模组100获取图像数据，并处理图像数据。
需要说明的是，图1以及下文相关附图仅示意性的示出了电子设备1000包括的一些部件，这些部件的实际形状、实际大小、实际位置和实际构造不受图1以及下文各附图限定。此外，当电子设备1000为一些其他形态的设备时，电子设备1000也可以不包括屏幕300。
为了便于描述，定义电子设备1000的宽度方向为X轴。电子设备1000的长度方向为Y轴。电子设备1000的厚度方向为Z轴。可以理解的是，电子设备1000的坐标系设置可以根据具体实际需要灵活设置。
在一种实施方式中，设备壳体200可以包括边框201以及后盖202。后盖202固定于边框201。示例性的，后盖202可以通过粘胶固定连接于边框201。后盖202也可以与边框201为一体成型结构，即后盖202与边框201为一个整体结构。
另外，屏幕300可以位于边框201远离后盖202的一侧。此时，屏幕300与后盖202分别位于边框201的两侧。屏幕300、边框201与后盖202共同围出电子设备1000的内部。电子设备1000的内部可以用于放置电子设备1000的器件，例如电池、受话器或者麦克风等。其中，屏幕300可以为平面屏，也可以为曲面屏。
示例性地，摄像头模组100可以位于电子设备1000的内部。摄像头模组100可以固定于屏幕300朝向后盖202的一侧。后盖202可以开设有透光孔203。透光孔203的形状不仅限于附图1所示意的圆形。透光孔203将电子设备1000的内部连通至电子设备1000的外部。电子设备1000外部的光线可以通过透光孔203进入电子设备1000的内部。摄像头模组100可以采集进入电子设备1000内部的环境光线。
示例性地，摄像头模组100可以为普通摄像头模组(即摄像头模组100的光轴方向为电子设备1000的厚度方向)。在一些实施方式中，摄像头模组100还可以为潜望式摄像头模组(即摄像头模组100的光轴方向为电子设备1000的宽度方向)。
图3是图1所示的摄像头模组100的一种实施方式中的结构示意图。图4是图3所示的摄像头模组100的分解结构示意图。
如图3和图4所示，摄像头模组100可以包括摄像组件1、壳体2以及盖板3。摄像组件1可以设于壳体2的内部。盖板3可以覆盖至少部分摄像组件1，并盖合于壳体2。此时，摄像组件1的至少部分可以位于盖板3与壳体2之间。
应理解，在本实施方式中，摄像头模组100的宽度方向也即电子设备1000的长度方向，为Y轴方向。摄像头模组100的长度方向也即电子设备1000的宽度方向，为X轴方向。摄像头模组100的厚度方向也即电子设备1000的厚度方向，为Z轴方向。在其他实施方式中，摄像头模组100的坐标系设置可以根据具体实际需要灵活设置。
上文具体介绍了电子设备1000以及摄像头模组100的结构，下文将结合相关附图具体介绍摄像头模组100中的摄像组件1。
图5是图4所示的摄像组件1的一种实施方式中的分解结构示意图。
如图5所示，摄像组件1可以包括马达10、镜头20、棱镜30、棱镜支架40、第一遮光片50、第二遮光片60、图像传感器71、电路板72、滤光片73以及固定件74。其中，滤光片73可以为红外截止滤光片。
示例性地，电路板72可以为软硬结合电路板或者柔性电路板等。马达10可以通过电路板72电连接至图像传感器71。在一些实施方式中，电路板72上还可以设有连接器(图未示)。电路板72可以通过连接器与电子设备1000的主板(图未示)实现电连接。
图6是图5所示的棱镜支架40在另一角度下的结构示意图。图7是图5所示的棱镜支架40的结构示意图。
如图6和图7所示，棱镜支架40可以包括本体部41与支撑部42。支撑部42连接本体部41。其中，本体部41可以大致呈框体。此时，支撑部42与本体部41所围成的空间可以构成棱镜支架40的容置空间43。应理解，为了方便描述棱镜支架40的具体结构及形状，本实施方式将棱镜支架40分成两部分进行描述，但不影响棱镜支架40为一体化结构。其中，一体化结构是指两个部件通过一体成型工艺得到，在形成两个部件中的其中一个部件的过程中，该部件即与另一个部件连接在一起，不需要通过再次加工(如粘接、焊接、卡扣连接、螺钉连接)方式将两个部件连接在一起。在其他实施方式中，支撑部42也可以采用粘接或者其他方式固定于本体部41。
示例性地，容置空间43可以具有相对设置的第一壁面431与第二壁面432。在本实施方式中，第一壁面431与第二壁面432均可以为沿X轴方向延伸的壁面。第一壁面431与第二壁面432均可以设有多个间隔设置的第二溢胶槽433。在一种实施方式中，第二溢胶槽433的形状可以为条纹状。
示例性地，支撑部42可以包括依次连接的第一上表面421、台阶面422以及第二上表面423。第一上表面421、第二上表面423以及台阶面422均可以位于支撑部42远离本体部41的一侧。第一上表面421与第二上表面423具有高度差。在本实施方式中，第二上表面423高于第一上表面421。此时，第一上表面421可以相对第二上表面423下沉。应理解，本实施方式中所称的高度均指在Z轴方向上的高度。
示例性地，容置空间43包括相互连通的第一透光孔424与第二透光孔425。第一透光孔424可以贯穿第一上表面421和台阶面422。第二透光孔425可以贯穿第二上表面423。
示例性地，棱镜支架40的材料可以是聚合物材料(例如：PC、PA、LCP)或金属材料。
图8是图5所示的棱镜30在一种实施方式中的结构示意图。
如图8所示，棱镜30可以包括第一表面31、第二表面32、第一侧面33、第二侧面34、第三侧面35以及第四侧面36。其中，第一表面31可以与第二表面32背向设置。第一表面31也即棱镜30的顶面。第二表面32也即棱镜30的底面。第一侧面33、第二侧面34、第三侧面35以及第四侧面36均可以连接在第一表面31与第二表面32之间。第一侧面33、第三侧面35、第二侧面34以及第四侧面36可以依次首尾连接。此时，第一侧面33与第二侧面34可以分别位于第一表面31的两侧。
示例性地，第一表面31包括间隔设置的入射面30a与出射面30b。此时，入射面30a与出射面30b可以位于棱镜30的同一侧。当光线由入射面30a进入棱镜30之后，光线可以在棱镜30的内部发生多次反射，然后由出射面30b射出。换言之，入射面30a与出射面30b可以为棱镜30中用于光信号传输的透射面。其中，光线在棱镜30内部发生的反射可以为普通反射或全反射。示例性地，当光线的入射角接近或者大于棱镜30的临界角时，光线可以在棱镜30的内部发生全反射(TIR)。
可以理解的是，可以通过在第一表面31上部分涂覆油墨层，部分未涂覆油墨层，从而在没有涂覆油墨层的地方形成间隔设置的入射面30a与出射面30b。也可以通过在第一表面31上设置遮光片，以使第一表面31的一部分遮光，一部分未遮光。这样通过在未遮光的部分形成间隔设置的入射面30a与出射面30b。
示例性地，棱镜30在正交于光轴方向(在本实施方式中也即X轴方向)上的长度可以大于棱镜30在平行于光轴方向(在本实施方式中也即Z轴方向)上的长度。
需要说明的是，关于棱镜30的具体设置后文将结合相关附图进行具体介绍，此处不再赘述。
图9是图5所示的棱镜30与棱镜支架40的结构示意图。
如图6、图7和图9所示，棱镜30可以位于棱镜支架40的容置空间43内。此时，棱镜30的第一侧面33可以与容置空间43的第一壁面431相对设置。棱镜30的第二侧面34(请参阅图8)可以与容置空间43的第二壁面432相对设置。
示例性地，棱镜支架40内部的多个第二溢胶槽433内可以涂覆胶水以形成胶层。此时，棱镜30的第一侧面33可以通过胶层与容置空间43的第一壁面431固定连接。棱镜30的第二侧面34可以通过胶层与 容置空间43的第二壁面432固定连接。可以理解的是，通过设置多个第二溢胶槽433可以有效增加胶水的粘接力，使得棱镜30与棱镜支架40之间的连接更加牢固，有利于提高摄像组件1的结构稳定性。
在一些实施方式中，棱镜支架40可以从棱镜30的上方与棱镜30组装并固定。
图10是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖面示意图。
如图10所示，第一遮光片50可以固定于棱镜支架40远离棱镜30的表面。其中，第一遮光片50的材料可以为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene glycol terephthalate，PET)。此时，第一遮光片50可以为黑色膜片，其反射率较低同时可以吸收光线。这样，通过设置第一遮光片50可以避免摄像头模组100内部反射的杂光进入棱镜30，影响图像质量。
在一些实施方式中，第一遮光片50的材料还可以为金属。此时，第一遮光片50可以为金属薄片。第一遮光片50的表面可以喷涂遮光油墨。在其他实施方式中，第一遮光片50的材料还可以为聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，PC)。其中，第一遮光片50可以掺杂炭黑。
示例性地，第二遮光片60可以固定于棱镜30的第一表面31。第二遮光片60可以设有进光孔61和出光孔62。可以理解的是，第一表面31中与第二遮光片60的进光孔61正对设置的部分形成入射面30a。第一表面31中与第二遮光片60的出光孔62正对设置的部分形成出射面30b。这样当光线进入摄像头模组100时，光线可以穿过进光孔61由入射面30a射入棱镜30，然后由出射面30b射出，并穿过出光孔62。
示例性地，第二遮光片60的材料可以为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethylene glycol terephthalate，PET)。此时，第二遮光片60可以为黑色膜片，其反射率较低同时可以吸收光线。这样，通过设置第二遮光片60，可以避免摄像头模组100内部反射的杂光进入棱镜30，影响图像质量。
在一些实施方式中，第二遮光片60的材料还可以为金属。此时，第二遮光片60可以为金属薄片。第二遮光片60的表面可以喷涂遮光油墨。在其他实施方式中，第二遮光片60的材料还可以为聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，PC)。其中，第二遮光片60可以掺杂炭黑。
图11是图5所示的摄像组件1的部分结构示意图。图12是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖面示意图。
如图11和图12所示，固定件74可以为固定支座。固定件74可以固定在电路板72上。固定件74可以设有避让孔741。
另外，图像传感器71可以固定于电路板72，且至少部分位于避让孔741内。此外，图像传感器71还电连接电路板72。
如图11和图12所示，滤光片73可以固定在固定件74上，且位于避让孔741内。滤光片73位于图像传感器71远离电路板72的一侧。此时，电路板72、图像传感器71以及滤光片73可以沿Z轴方向排布。图像传感器71以及滤光片73均可以位于电路板72的底部。
示例性地，固定件74的远离图像传感器71的表面可以固定连接棱镜支架40的第二上表面423。此时，图像传感器71、电路板72、滤光片73以及固定件74可以构成摄像头模组100的传感器组件70。也即，传感器组件70可以固定于棱镜支架40的第二上表面423。
如图12所示，滤光片73与棱镜30的出射面30b相对设置。当光线从棱镜30的出射面30b射出时，光线可以经过滤光片73，然后成像于图像传感器71。这样，光线在进入图像传感器71之前，还需要经过滤光片73，从而可以通过滤光片73过滤掉不可见光，以提高图像质量。其中，当滤光片73为红外截止滤光片时，滤光片73可以过滤掉红外波段的不可见光，从而防止图像传感器71接受到红外光，造成画面颜色泛红的问题。
示例性地，图像传感器71可以与棱镜30的出射面30b平行。
示例性地，传感器组件70与棱镜支架40之间可以通过主动镜头对焦技术(active alignment，AA)进行组装。传感器组件70可以由组装设备机台的移动机械臂进行抓取与组装。其中，抓取传感器组件70的移动机械臂可以为带有点亮图像传感器71的移动机械臂。当移动机械臂抓取传感器组件70之后，可以通过组装设备机台不断调整传感器组件70的位置，从而在图像传感器71输出的画面中找到最清晰的成像，并固定此时传感器组件70的位置，完成传感器组件70与棱镜支架40之间的组装。
图13a是图5所示的马达10在一种实施方式中的分解示意图。图13b是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的部分剖面示意图。
如图13a和图13b所示，马达10可以包括固定座11、驱动组件12以及载体13。示例性地，固定座11可以包括底座111和外壳112。其中，底座111可以大致呈立方体形。底座111可以包括底部1111和 框部1112。框部1112可以固定在底部1111，并围出收容空间11a。收容空间11a可以用于收容载体13以及镜头20的至少部分。
示例性地，底部1111可以设有第一连通孔1111a。第一连通孔1111a可以连通马达10的外部与收容空间11a。框部1112可以设有避让孔1112a。避让孔1112a均可以贯穿框部1112的内周侧与外周侧，且连通收容空间11a。
示例性地，底座111还可以设有第一避让槽113。第一避让槽113可以贯穿底部1111与框部1112，且连通底部1111的第一连通孔1111a。此时，底部1111的内侧面可以朝向第一避让槽113。
示例性地，外壳112可以大致呈立方体形。外壳112可以固定在底座111的底部1111上。此时，外壳112与底座111所围成的空间可以构成整个马达10的安装空间10a。安装空间10a可以位于马达10的中部。
示例性地，外壳112可以围绕底座111的框部1112设置。此时，外壳112与底座111所围成的空间(也即固定座11的内侧所围成的空间)可以构成整个马达10的安装空间10a。示例性地，外壳112与框部1112之间可以存在间隙114。外壳112还可以设有第二连通孔1121。第二连通孔1121可以连通马达10的外部与收容空间11a，且与第一连通孔1111a相对设置。应理解，在本实施方式中，收容空间11a、第一连通孔1111a、第二连通孔1121以及间隙114均可以构成马达10的安装空间10a的至少部分。
图14是图13a所示的马达10的驱动组件12的分解示意图。
如图13a至图14所示，驱动组件12可以包括驱动电路板121、线圈122、驱动芯片123、磁性件124、磁吸片125以及位置传感器126。示例性地，线圈122可以固定在驱动电路板121上，且电连接驱动电路板121。其中，线圈122可以包括对焦线圈1221与防抖线圈1222。磁吸片125可以固定在驱动电路板121远离线圈122的侧部。位置传感器126可以固定在驱动电路板121上，且电连接驱动电路板121。示例性地，位置传感器126可以位于线圈122的线圈孔内。驱动芯片123可以固定在驱动电路板121上，且电连接驱动电路板121。此时，驱动芯片123可以通过驱动电路板121同时电连接线圈122以及位置传感器126。驱动芯片123可以用于对线圈122输入信号，以及获取位置传感器126的信息。示例性地，驱动芯片123与线圈122可以位于驱动电路板121的同一侧。
如图13b和图14所示，驱动电路板121与磁吸片125均可以至少部分位于外壳112与框部1112之间的间隙114内。驱动电路板121可以环绕框部1112设置，且固定连接框部1112的外周侧。此时，线圈122、驱动芯片123以及位置传感器126均可以位于框部1112的避让孔1112a内。换言之，驱动电路板121、线圈122、驱动芯片123、磁性件124、磁吸片125以及位置传感器126均可以安装于马达10的安装空间10a。
如图13a和图13b所示，载体13可以安装于底座111的收容空间11a。示例性地，载体13可以包括对焦支架131与防抖支架132。其中，对焦支架131可以活动连接底座111。示例性地，对焦支架131可以通过滑轴滑动连接底座111。防抖支架132可以包括第一支架1321与第二支架1322。第一支架1321可以活动连接对焦支架131。第二支架1322可以活动连接第一支架1321。示例性地，第一支架1321可以通过滚珠滑动连接对焦支架131。第二支架1322可以通过滚珠滑动连接第一支架1321。
示例性地，对焦支架131可以相对底座111沿Z轴方向移动。第一支架1321可以相对对焦支架131沿X轴方向移动。第二支架1322可以相对第一支架1321沿Y轴方向移动。
示例性地，载体13可以设有第三连通孔133。第三连通孔133可以依次贯穿第二支架1322、第一支架1321以及对焦支架131。镜头20可以安装于第三连通孔133且固定连接第二支架1322，也即，镜头20可以位于载体13的内侧。当光线射入马达10时，光线可以依次经过第一连通孔1111a与镜头20，最后由第二连通孔1121从马达10射出。需要说明的是，关于镜头20与载体13之间的具体安装方式，下文将结合相关附图进行介绍，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，对焦支架131朝向对焦线圈1221的表面可以形成对焦安装槽1311。防抖支架132朝向防抖线圈1222的表面可以形成防抖安装槽1323。驱动组件12的磁性件124可以包括对焦磁性件1241与防抖磁性件1242。其中，对焦磁性件1241可以安装于对焦安装槽1311。防抖磁性件1242可以安装于防抖安装槽1323。此时，对焦磁性件1241可以位于对焦线圈1221与载体之间。防抖磁性件1242可以位于防抖线圈1222与防抖磁性件1242之间。
可以理解的是，当对焦线圈1221施加有信号时，对焦线圈1221可以与对焦磁性件1241配合，从而可以驱动对焦支架131并带动防抖支架132一同相对底座111沿Z轴方向移动。换言之，镜头20可以在载体13的带动下，相对底座111沿Z轴方向移动，实现自动对焦(auto focus，AF)功能。
当防抖线圈1222施加有信号时，防抖线圈1222可以与防抖磁性件1242配合，从而可以驱动第一支架1321并带动第二支架1322一同相对对焦支架131沿X轴方向移动，和/或，驱动第二支架1322相对第一支架1321沿Y轴方向移动。换言之，镜头20可以在载体13的带动下，相对底座111在X-Y平面上移动，实现光学图像防抖(optical image stabilization，OIS)功能。
换言之，本实施方式中的马达10可以为同时具备自动对焦功能以及光学图像防抖功能的一体式马达。其中，一体式马达可以设计为直立式马达。这样，马达10可以驱动镜头20在镜头20的光轴方向(在本实施方式中也即Z轴方向)移动，实现自动对焦。马达10还可以驱动镜头20在镜头20的光轴方向的垂直方向(在本实施方式中也即X轴以及Y轴方向)上移动，实现光学图像防抖。
请再次参阅图13a和图13b，对焦支架131可以设有第二避让槽1312。第二避让槽1312可以连通防抖支架132的底部空间以及第三连通孔133。当载体13安装于底座111的收容空间11a内时，第二避让槽1312可以连通底部1111的第一避让槽113。此时，第一避让槽113、第二避让槽1312以及防抖支架132的底部空间可以共同构成马达10的避让空间14的至少部分。避让空间14可以连通安装空间10a。为了便于理解，图13b通过虚线示意性给出避让空间14。其中，虚线所围成的区域的体积稍大于避让空间14。在本实施方式中，避让空间14的设置不影响马达10的功能实现。
在一些实施方式中，对焦支架131也可以不设置第二避让槽1312。
在其他实施方式中，避让空间14还可以通过其他方式形成于固定座11或者形成于固定座11与载体13。本申请不对避让空间14的形成方式做限定。
图15是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的一种实施方式中的另一视角下的部分剖面示意图。
如图15所示，镜头20与第二支架1322的内侧之间可以形成第一溢胶槽15。第一溢胶槽15内可以涂覆胶水以形成胶层。镜头20可以通过胶层与载体13固定连接。
示例性地，第一溢胶槽15可以包括依次连通的第一部分151、第二部分152以及第三部分153。第一部分151、第二部分152以及第三部分153可以排布于镜头20的光轴方向。第一部分151的宽度可以大于第二部分152以及第三部分153的宽度。第二部分152的宽度可以大于第三部分153的宽度。其中，第一部分151、第二部分152以及第三部分153的宽度均指在X轴方向上的宽度。
示例性地，第一部分151的宽度可以大于或者等于0.5毫米。此时，载体13的壁面与镜头20之间的距离足够，可以防止胶水溢出。在一些实施方式中，载体13可以具有面向第二部分152的流胶斜面134。其中，流胶斜面134与镜头20的光轴方向之间可以形成小于或者等于60°的夹角。在其他实施方式中，第三部分153的宽度可以在0.1毫米至0.5毫米的范围内。
可以理解的是，当第一溢胶槽15的第三部分153的宽度在0.1毫米至0.5毫米范围内时，可以避免第三部分153的宽度尺寸过大，从而避免镜头20在装配过程中发生偏移。需要说明的是，上述第一溢胶槽15的设置方案可以相互结合，本申请对此不做限定。
在一些实施方式中，当进行镜头20与马达10之间的组装时，镜头20可以从马达10的上方与马达10的载体13进行组装，然后将镜头20与马达10进行翻转，并对第一溢胶槽15内注入胶水形成胶层，使得镜头20能够通过胶层固定于马达10的载体13。其中，镜头20与马达10之间的组装也可以采用主动镜头对焦技术。
图16是图4所示的摄像组件1的一种实施方式中的部分安装过程示意图。图17是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的部分剖面示意图。
如图16和图17所示，马达10可以协同镜头20一并固定于棱镜支架40的第一上表面421。此时，棱镜30可以位于马达10的底侧。棱镜30的部分可以位于避让空间14。棱镜30的入射面30a可以面向镜头20。棱镜30的出射面30b可以相对马达10露出，也即棱镜30的出射面30b未被马达10遮挡。
示例性地，马达10与棱镜支架40之间可以通过主动镜头对焦技术进行组装。在视觉识别马达10与棱镜支架40的特征点之后，可以由组装设备机台的移动机械臂抓取马达10协同镜头20，一并移动至棱镜支架40的相应位置进行固定，完成马达10与棱镜支架40之间的组装。可以理解的是，在本实施方式中，先将传感器组件70与棱镜30进行安装，然后再将马达10及镜头20与棱镜30进行安装。这种安装方式较为简单，准确度较高。
图18是图4所示的摄像组件1的另一种实施方式中的部分安装过程示意图。
如图18所示，在其他实施方式中，也可以先将马达10及镜头20与棱镜30进行安装，然后将传感器组件70与棱镜30进行安装。
图19是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的一种实施方式的部分剖面示意图。
如图19所示，镜头20与传感器组件70可以位于棱镜30的同一侧。壳体2的底面可以构成整个摄像头模组100的底面。此时，在Z轴方向上，传感器组件70的顶面至摄像头模组100的底面的距离为模组尾高。马达10的顶面至摄像头模组100的底面的距离为模组肩高。镜头20的顶面至摄像头模组100的底面的距离为模组总高。壳体2在X轴方向上的长度为模组总长。
可以理解的是，本实施方式中的摄像头模组100通过设置棱镜30改变光路，使得镜头20与棱镜30排布于模组高度，图像传感器71与棱镜30也排布于模组高度，从而有效降低了模组长度。镜头20与图像传感器71排布于棱镜30的同侧，有效降低了模组高度。同时，本实施方式还通过在马达10内设置避让空间14，将棱镜30的部分位于避让空间14内，使得马达10可以相对棱镜30下沉，棱镜30、马达10及图像传感器71的排布更为紧凑，从而可以进一步降低模组高度，使得摄像头模组100的整体模组尺寸较小，有利于实现摄像头模组100的小型化设置。
另外，镜头20与图像传感器71排布于棱镜30的同侧，使得镜头20的光轴与棱镜30的第一表面31呈法向关系。同时，图像传感器71的相面与镜头20的光轴呈法向关系，与棱镜30的第一表面31平行。当光线经过镜头20入射至棱镜30时，光线会在棱镜30的内部发生多次反射，然后由出射面30b射出，并成像于图像传感器71。这样，光线在成像于图像传感器71之前，可以在棱镜30内部发生多次反射，从而可以折叠光路，有效增加摄像头模组100的焦距和光学系统总长度(total track length，TTL)。换言之，本实施方式中的摄像头模组100可以在不增加模组的物理长度的情况下，通过设置棱镜30对光线进行多次反射以增加光学系统总长度，使得摄像头模组100能够在获得较大焦距的同时实现小型化设置。
此外，马达10在驱动镜头20移动实现防抖功能时，其运动模式为平移，从而可以避免潜望式光学系统中的反射镜转动，导致影像在视场中旋转，影像画质。同时，本实施方式中的马达10为一体式马达10，马达10的结构更加简单，有利于降低整个摄像头模组100的制造成本。
在一些实施方式中，如图19所示，当图像传感器71的靶面对角线长度为0.5英寸时，摄像头模组100的光学系统总长度可以在15毫米至30毫米范围内。摄像头模组100可以实现2倍至5倍变焦，其有效焦距可以在10毫米至20毫米范围内。此时，摄像头模组100的马达高度可以在2毫米至5毫米范围内。棱镜高度可以在2.5毫米至5毫米范围内。模组长度可以在15毫米至30毫米范围内。模组尾高可以在3毫米至7毫米范围内。模组肩高可以在5毫米至10毫米范围内。模组总高可以在6毫米至15毫米范围内。
在一些实施方式中，传感器组件70也可以包括防抖组件。防抖组件可以通过控制图像传感器71在镜头20的光轴方向的垂直方向上移动，以实现图像传感器71的光学防抖功能。此时，摄像头模组100可以为同时具有镜头20防抖与图像传感器71防抖的双重防抖摄像头，有利于提高摄像头模组100的图像质量。或者，在另一些实施方式中，马达10还可以仅控制镜头20沿光轴方向移动实现自动对焦功能。此时，摄像头模组100可以仅通过传感器组件70中的防抖组件实现图像传感器71的光学图像防抖功能，从而实现整个摄像头模组100的光学图像防抖功能。
在其他实施方式中，摄像头模组100还可以通过控制棱镜30沿光轴方向移动实现自动对焦功能，通过控制图像传感器71在镜头20的光轴方向的垂直方向上移动实现光学图像防抖功能。或者，摄像头模组100还可以通过控制棱镜30移动同时沿光轴方向移动以及在镜头20的光轴方向的垂直方向上移动，实现自动对焦功能以及光学图像防抖功能，并通过控制图像传感器71在镜头20的光轴方向的垂直方向上移动实现光学图像防抖功能。
上文具体介绍了摄像头模组100的结构，下文将结合相关附图具体介绍棱镜30的结构。
图20是图8所示的棱镜30在另一视角下的结构示意图。图21是图8所示的棱镜30在又一视角下的结构示意图。
如图20和图21所示，棱镜30还可以包括至少两个反射面。此时，反射面与透射面(也即入射面30a与出射面30b)可以共同构成棱镜30的棱镜工作面。示例性地，反射面的数量可以为三个，分别为第一反射面371、第二反射面372以及第三反射面373。其中，第一反射面371可以位于第三侧面35。第二反射面372可以位于第一表面31。第三反射面373可以位于第四侧面36。此时，在Z轴方向上，第一反射面371与第三反射面373均可以位于入射面30a的底侧。第二反射面372与入射面30a位于棱镜30的同一侧。第一反射面371与出射面30b之间可以形成夹角(也即第一表面31与第三侧面35之间形成夹角)。第三反射面373与出射面30b之间可以形成夹角(也即第一表面31与第四侧面36之间形成夹角)。第二反射面372可以位于入射面30a与出射面30b之间。在其他实施方式中，反射面的具体数量及位置可以根据棱镜30的具体形状而改变。
示例性地，第二反射面372可以与入射面30a存在重叠区域。在其他实施方式中，第二反射面372可以与出射面30b存在重叠区域。或者，第二反射面372还可以同时与入射面30a及出射面30b存在重叠区域。
示例性地，摄像组件1还可以包括增透膜(图未示)与反射膜(图未示)。增透膜可以分别设于棱镜30的入射面30a和出射面30b，以增加入射面30a与出射面30b的透光性能。反射膜可以设于棱镜30的反射面(在本实施方式中也即第一反射面371、第二反射面372以及第三反射面373)，以增加反射面的反射性能。
示例性地，棱镜30的表面中除入射面30a、出射面30b以及反射面以外的部分(在本实施方式中也即第一侧面33、第二侧面34、第三侧面35除第一反射面371以外的部分、第四侧面36除第二反射面372以外的部分、第一表面31除第二反射面372的部分以及第二表面32)可以构成棱镜30的非成像面。其中，棱镜30的非成像面均可以设置遮光层，以避免杂光进入棱镜30内部。在其他实施方式中，还可以通过对棱镜30的非成像面涂覆遮光油墨，以避免杂光进入棱镜30内部。
图22是图20所示的棱镜30在C-C线上的一种实施方式中的剖面示意图。图23是图20所示的棱镜30在D-D线上的一种实施方式中的剖面示意图。
如图22和图23所示，棱镜30还可以包括挡光层38。挡光层38可以位于第三侧面35与第四侧面36之间，也即位于第一反射面371与第三反射面373(请参阅图21)之间。挡光层38可以连接第二表面32。挡光层38的中上部可以形成通光区381，供光线通过。此时，挡光层38的至少部分可以与第一表面31间隔设置。
示例性地，棱镜30还可以设有凹槽39。凹槽39可以位于第三侧面35与第四侧面36之间，也即位于第一反射面371与第三反射面373(请参阅图21)之间。凹槽39的开口可以形成于第一侧面33、第二侧面34以及第二表面32(图21也从另一角度示意出了凹槽39)。此时，凹槽39向棱镜30的内部凹陷。然后对凹槽39的槽壁进行遮光处理，以形成挡光层38。这样，通过在棱镜30内部设置挡光层38来遮挡光线，从而可以防止通光区381外的杂散光通过，影响图像质量。
在一些实施方式中，可以通过在棱镜30的局部区域进行切边开槽，以形成凹槽39。此时，棱镜30可以为切边棱镜。
图24是图8所示的棱镜30在其他实施方式中的组装示意图。
如图24所示，棱镜30还可以为胶合棱镜。此时，棱镜30可以包括分隔的第一子部301与第二子部302。第一子部301可以通过胶合的方式与第二子部302固定。这样，通过在第一子部301和/或第二子部302的胶合面涂覆油墨或者设置遮光层，即可形成挡光层38。
图25是图3所示的摄像头模组100在B-B线上的部分剖面示意图。
如图25所示，光线可以经镜头20由入射面30a射入棱镜30，然后依次经过第一反射面371、第二反射面372以及第三反射面373的反射，并由出射面30b射出棱镜30，最后成像于图像传感器71。其中，光线可以在棱镜30内部发生三次或以上奇数次反射。例如，光线也可以在棱镜30内部发生五次或更多次反射。
图26是图25所示的棱镜30与图像传感器71的结构示意图。图27是图26所示的结构在另一视角下的结构示意图。
如图26和图27所示，棱镜30的第一侧面33可以与第二侧面34形成夹角。第一侧面33和/或第二侧面34与第一表面31之间的角度可以大于或者小于90°。此时，棱镜30可以为梯形异形棱镜30。在本实施方式中，第一侧面33与第一表面31之间的角度可以大于90°。第二侧面34与第一表面31之间的角度可以大于90°。此时，第一侧面33与第二侧面34的间距可以在远离第一表面31的方向上递增。第二表面32的宽度(在本实施方式中也即在Y轴方向上的长度)大于第一表面31的宽度。
当杂光的入射视场角较小，且杂光与棱镜30的第四侧面36呈掠入射时，杂光的反射率较大。此时，杂光可以由棱镜30的入射面30a射入，依次经过第三侧面35、第二反射面372、第四侧面36、第一侧面33、第一表面31及第四侧面36的反射之后，被第二侧面34吸收。或者，杂光可以由棱镜30的入射面30a射入，依次经过第三侧面35、第二反射面372、第四侧面36、第二侧面34、第一表面31以及第四侧面36的反射之后，被第一侧面33吸收。其中，杂光在棱镜30的内部发生了六次反射。应理解，图26和图27示意出了杂光被第二侧面34吸收时的光路。
当杂光的入射视场角较大，且与棱镜30的第三侧面35的入射角较大时，杂光的反射率较大。此时，杂光在棱镜30的出射面30b的入射角增大，杂光可以在棱镜30的内部发生全反射，使得杂光最终可以被第一侧面33或者第二侧面34吸收。
可以理解的是，本实施方式中的棱镜30具有多个反射面。当光线从棱镜30的入射面30a进入棱镜30之后，光线可以在多个反射面之间反射，直至由出射面30b射出，并成像于图像传感器71。其中，光线可以在棱镜30的内部发生三次或以上奇数次反射，从而可以折叠光路，有效增加摄像头模组100的焦距与光学系统总长度。换言之，本实施方式可以在不增加模组的物理长度的情况下，通过设置棱镜30，并在棱镜30的内部设置多个反射面以对光线进行多次反射，从而增加光学系统总长度，使得摄像头模组100能够在获得较大焦距的同时实现小型化设置。
另外，本实施方式还对棱镜30的非成像区做减反处理，通过设置遮光层或者涂覆遮光油墨(例如在棱镜30的第一侧面33与第二侧面34设置遮光层)，从而可以有效防止摄像头模组100内部的杂光进入棱镜30内部，影响图像质量。
此外，即使杂光进入了棱镜30的内部，杂光也可以在棱镜30的内部发生多次反射，利用非有效的黑化处理，从而对杂光进行逐次衰减，使得杂光可以被棱镜30的非成像区吸收。同时，本实施方式还通过使第一侧面33与第二侧面34之间的间距在远离入射面30a的方向上递增，使得射入棱镜30内部的杂光可以增加在棱镜30内部的反射次数，或者使杂光在棱镜30内部发生全反射，从而使杂光最终能够被第一侧面33或者第二侧面34吸收，避免杂光成像于图像传感器71，消除杂光对图像质量的影响。
图28是图20所示的棱镜30在另一种实施方式中的结构示意图。图29是图28所示的棱镜30在另一视角下的结构示意图。图30是图28所示的棱镜30在E-E线上的一种实施方式中的剖面示意图。
如图28至图30所示，本实施方式中的棱镜30与图20所示的棱镜30的结构大致相同，相同部分不再赘述。不同之处在于，本实施方式中的棱镜30的第一侧面33与第二侧面34可以相互平行。此时，棱镜30可以为规则的细长棱镜30。第一侧面33可以与第一表面31垂直。第二侧面34可以与第一表面31垂直。
上文具体介绍了棱镜30的结构，下面还将结合相关附图具体介绍滤光片73的具体设置。
图31是图12所示的结构在另一种实施方式中的剖面示意图。
如图31所示，本实施方式中的摄像头模组100的结构与图12所示的摄像头模组100的结构大致相同，相同之处不再赘述。不同之处在于，固定件74还可以位于滤光片73与棱镜30之间。滤光片73可以通过固定件74固定连接棱镜30。滤光片73可以与棱镜30的出射面30b相对设置。
示例性地，固定件74可以为胶层。固定件74可以通过点胶的方式固定在出射面30b的四周。
图32是图12所示的结构在又一种实施方式中的剖面示意图。
如图32所示，本实施方式中的摄像头模组100的结构与图12所示的摄像头模组100的结构大致相同，相同之处不再赘述。不同之处在于，固定件74与滤光片73可以共同位于镜头20与棱镜30之间。其中，固定件74可以位于滤光片73与棱镜30之间。滤光片73可以通过固定件74固定连接棱镜30。滤光片73可以与棱镜30的入射面30a相对设置。
示例性地，固定件74可以为胶层。固定件74可以通过点胶的方式固定在入射面30a的四周。
图33是图12所示的结构在再一种实施方式中的剖面示意图。
如图33所示，本实施方式中的摄像头模组100的结构与图12所示的摄像头模组100的结构大致相同，相同之处不再赘述。不同之处在于，本实施方式中的滤光片73可以直接固定在棱镜30的第一表面31。滤光片73可以覆盖入射面30a和/或出射面30b。其中，滤光片73可以为红外截止膜。可以理解的是，本实施方式中通过在棱镜30的第一表面31设置红外截止膜，以形成滤光片73。这样，通过直接在棱镜30的表面设置滤光片73，从而不需要额外设置固定件74，有利于节省摄像头模组100的内部空间。
图34是图12所示的结构在其他实施方式中的剖面示意图。
如图34所示，本实施方式中的摄像头模组100的结构与图12所示的摄像头模组100的结构大致相同，相同之处不再赘述。不同之处在于，本实施方式中的固定件74可以为胶层。固定件74可以通过点胶的方式固定在电路板72上，且位于图像传感器71的四周。滤光片73通过固定件74固定连接电路板72。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施方式对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施方式所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施方式技术方案的范围。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，包括：
    马达(10)，具有安装空间(10a)和连通所述安装空间(10a)的避让空间(14)，所述安装空间(10a)位于所述马达(10)的中部且由所述马达(10)的顶部贯穿至所述马达(10)的底部，所述避让空间(14)位于所述马达(10)的底部，所述避让空间(14)连通所述安装空间(10a)并延伸至所述马达(10)的一侧；
    镜头(20)，安装于所述安装空间(10a)；
    棱镜(30)，位于所述马达(10)的底侧且部分位于所述避让空间(14)，所述棱镜(30)包括入射面(30a)和出射面(30b)，所述入射面(30a)面向所述镜头(20)，所述入射面(30a)与所述出射面(30b)位于所述棱镜(30)的同一侧，所述出射面(30b)相对所述马达(10)露出；以及，
    图像传感器(71)，位于所述棱镜(30)朝向所述镜头(20)的一侧，且面向所述出射面(30b)设置；
    其中，光线经过所述镜头(20)后，由所述入射面(30a)进入所述棱镜(30)，在所述棱镜(30)内部发生多次反射后，由所述出射面(30b)射出，成像于所述图像传感器(71)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述马达(10)包括固定座(11)、驱动组件(12)及载体(13)，所述驱动组件(12)及所述载体(13)均安装于所述固定座(11)的内侧，所述驱动组件(12)用于驱动所述载体(13)运动，所述镜头(20)固定于所述载体(13)的内侧；
    所述避让空间(14)至少部分形成于所述固定座(11)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述载体(13)与所述镜头(20)之间形成第一溢胶槽(15)，所述第一溢胶槽(15)包括依次连通的第一部分(151)、第二部分(152)及第三部分(153)，所述第一部分(151)、所述第二部分(152)及所述第三部分(153)排布于所述镜头(20)的光轴方向上，所述第一部分(151)的宽度大于所述第二部分(152)的宽度及所述第三部分(153)的宽度，所述第二部分(152)的宽度大于所述第三部分(153)的宽度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述第一部分(151)的宽度大于或等于0.5mm；
    或，所述载体(13)具有面向所述第二部分(152)的流胶斜面(134)，所述流胶斜面(134)与所述镜头(20)的光轴方向之间形成小于或等于60°的夹角；
    或，所述第三部分(153)的宽度在0.1mm至0.5mm的范围内。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述棱镜(30)还包括第一反射面(371)、第二反射面(372)及第三反射面(373)；
    在所述镜头(20)的光轴方向上，所述第一反射面(371)位于所述入射面(30a)的底侧，所述第一反射面(371)与所述入射面(30a)之间形成夹角；
    所述第二反射面(372)与所述入射面(30a)位于所述棱镜(30)的同侧，所述第二反射面(372)位于所述入射面(30a)与所述出射面(30b)之间；
    在所述镜头(20)的光轴方向上，所述第三反射面(373)位于所述出射面(30b)的底侧，所述第三反射面(373)与所述出射面(30b)之间形成夹角；
    所述光线由入射面(30a)进入所述棱镜(30)后，依次在所述第一反射面(371)、所述第二反射面(372)及所述第三反射面(373)上反射后，由所述出射面(30b)射出。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述棱镜(30)还包括挡光层(38)，所述挡光层(38)位于所述第一反射面(371)与所述第三反射面(373)之间，所述挡光层(38)用于遮挡光线，所述挡光层(38)的中上部形成通光区(381)。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述棱镜(30)还包括第一侧面(33)和第二侧面(34)，所述第一侧面(33)和所述第二侧面(34)分别位于所述入射面(30a)及所述出射面(30b)的两侧，所述第一侧面(33)平行于所述第二侧面(34)，所述第一侧面(33)和所述第二侧面(34) 设有遮光层。
  8. 根据权利要求5或6所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述棱镜(30)还包括第一侧面(33)和第二侧面(34)，所述第一侧面(33)和所述第二侧面(34)分别位于所述入射面(30a)及所述出射面(30b)的两侧，所述第一侧面(33)和所述第二侧面(34)形成夹角，所述第一侧面(33)与所述第二侧面(34)的间距在远离所述入射面(30a)的方向上递增，所述第一侧面(33)和所述第二侧面(34)设有遮光层。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述棱镜(30)设有凹槽(39)，所述凹槽(39)的开口形成于所述第一侧面(33)、第二侧面(34)以及所述棱镜(30)的底面，所述凹槽(39)的槽壁用于形成挡光层(38)。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组(100)还包括棱镜支架(40)，所述棱镜支架(40)位于所述马达(10)及所述图像传感器(71)的底侧，所述棱镜(30)固定于所述棱镜支架(40)的内侧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述棱镜支架(40)设有容置空间(43)，所述容置空间(43)的壁面设有多个第二溢胶槽(433)，所述棱镜(30)位于所述容置空间(43)，并通过胶层与所述容置空间(43)的壁面固定连接。
  12. 根据权利要求2至11中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述马达(10)用于驱动所述镜头(20)在所述镜头(20)的光轴方向上移动，还用于驱动所述镜头(20)在所述镜头(20)的光轴方向的垂直方向上移动。
  13. 根据权利要求2至12中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述固定座(11)包括底座(111)，所述载体(13)包括对焦支架(131)与防抖支架(132)，所述对焦支架(131)活动连接所述底座(111)，所述防抖支架(132)活动连接所述对焦支架(131)，所述驱动组件(12)安装于所述底座(111)，所述镜头(20)固定于所述防抖支架(132)；
    所述驱动组件(12)用于驱动所述对焦支架(131)带动所述防抖支架(132)相对所述底座(111)移动，所述驱动组件(12)还用于驱动所述防抖支架(132)相对所述对焦支架(131)移动。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述底座(111)设有第一避让槽(113)，所述第一避让槽(113)贯穿所述底座(111)的底部，所述对焦支架(131)设有第二避让槽(1312)，所述第二避让槽(1312)连通所述防抖支架(132)的底部空间以及所述第一避让槽(113)；
    所述第一避让槽(113)、所述第二避让槽(1312)和所述防抖支架(132)的底部空间构成所述避让空间(14)。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组(100)还包括滤光片(73)；
    所述滤光片(73)位于所述棱镜(30)与所述图像传感器(71)之间，所述滤光片(73)与所述出射面(30b)相对设置、或者所述滤光片(73)位于所述棱镜(30)与所述镜头(20)之间，所述滤光片(73)与所述入射面(30a)相对设置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组(100)还包括固定件(74)，所述滤光片(73)通过所述固定件(74)固定连接所述棱镜(30)。
  17. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组(100)还包括电路板(72)、固定件(74)以及滤光片(73)；
    所述图像传感器(71)固定连接所述电路板(72)，且电连接所述电路板(72)；
    所述滤光片(73)通过所述固定件(74)固定连接所述电路板(72)，所述滤光片(73)位于所述棱镜(30)的出射面(30b)与所述图像传感器(71)之间。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述固定件(74)为固定支架或者胶层。
  19. 根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组(100)还包括滤光片(73)，所述滤光片(73)通过镀膜工艺或者贴膜工艺设于所述棱镜(30)上，且覆盖所述入射面(30a)和/或出射面(30b)。
  20. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括图像处理器和权利要求1至19中任一项所述的摄像头模组(100)，所述图像处理器与所述摄像头模组(100)通信连接，所述图像处理器用于从所述摄像头模组(100)获取图像数据，并处理所述图像数据。
PCT/CN2023/127928 2022-11-18 2023-10-30 摄像头模组及电子设备 Ceased WO2024104120A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23890556.6A EP4593403A4 (en) 2022-11-18 2023-10-30 CAMERA MODULE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE
CN202380025110.0A CN118786680A (zh) 2022-11-18 2023-10-30 摄像头模组及电子设备

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211447841.8 2022-11-18
CN202211447841 2022-11-18
CN202310081583.4A CN118057823B (zh) 2022-11-18 2023-01-14 摄像头模组及电子设备
CN202310081583.4 2023-01-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024104120A1 true WO2024104120A1 (zh) 2024-05-23

Family

ID=91069554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/127928 Ceased WO2024104120A1 (zh) 2022-11-18 2023-10-30 摄像头模组及电子设备

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4593403A4 (zh)
CN (2) CN118057823B (zh)
WO (1) WO2024104120A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120935442A (zh) * 2025-06-16 2025-11-11 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 摄像模组及其马达

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118057823B (zh) * 2022-11-18 2025-03-11 华为技术有限公司 摄像头模组及电子设备
CN118488300B (zh) * 2024-07-11 2024-11-05 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 一种长焦摄像模组及其制造方法
CN121334481A (zh) * 2024-07-11 2026-01-13 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 长焦摄像模组和带有长焦摄像模组的电子设备
CN119126456A (zh) * 2024-09-10 2024-12-13 维沃移动通信有限公司 透光组件、摄像模组和电子设备
CN119439441A (zh) * 2024-09-19 2025-02-14 华为技术有限公司 一种光学镜头、摄像模组及电子设备
CN119065179B (zh) * 2024-09-29 2025-02-07 华为技术有限公司 光学折叠元件、摄像头模组以及电子设备
CN120294947A (zh) * 2025-06-12 2025-07-11 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 一种反射组件、潜望式摄像模组及其组装方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006119298A (ja) * 2004-10-20 2006-05-11 Olympus Corp 撮像装置
CN110967803A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-07 上海比路电子股份有限公司 棱镜马达及成像系统
CN113467036A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2021-10-01 华为技术有限公司 变焦镜头、摄像模组、电子设备及其调焦方法
CN115327743A (zh) * 2022-07-01 2022-11-11 昆山丘钛微电子科技股份有限公司 一种光学成像系统、摄像模组及电子设备

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102140296B1 (ko) * 2015-11-13 2020-07-31 삼성전기주식회사 렌즈 구동 장치 및 이를 포함하는 카메라 모듈
CN110505370B (zh) * 2018-05-16 2024-05-14 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 光转向组件及其制造方法以及潜望式摄像模组、潜望式阵列模组和电子设备
US20220091398A1 (en) * 2020-09-24 2022-03-24 Apple Inc. Telephoto Camera with a Stationary Optics Assembly
CN216217096U (zh) * 2021-09-23 2022-04-05 江西晶浩光学有限公司 摄像模组及电子设备
TWI815299B (zh) * 2022-01-12 2023-09-11 大陽科技股份有限公司 相機模組與電子裝置
CN216531547U (zh) * 2022-01-12 2022-05-13 北京小米移动软件有限公司 镜头模组、摄像模组和电子设备
TWI828107B (zh) * 2022-04-08 2024-01-01 大立光電股份有限公司 成像鏡頭模組與電子裝置
CN118057823B (zh) * 2022-11-18 2025-03-11 华为技术有限公司 摄像头模组及电子设备

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006119298A (ja) * 2004-10-20 2006-05-11 Olympus Corp 撮像装置
CN110967803A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-07 上海比路电子股份有限公司 棱镜马达及成像系统
CN113467036A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2021-10-01 华为技术有限公司 变焦镜头、摄像模组、电子设备及其调焦方法
CN115327743A (zh) * 2022-07-01 2022-11-11 昆山丘钛微电子科技股份有限公司 一种光学成像系统、摄像模组及电子设备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4593403A4

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120935442A (zh) * 2025-06-16 2025-11-11 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 摄像模组及其马达

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN118057823B (zh) 2025-03-11
EP4593403A4 (en) 2025-10-29
EP4593403A1 (en) 2025-07-30
CN118786680A (zh) 2024-10-15
CN118057823A (zh) 2024-05-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2024104120A1 (zh) 摄像头模组及电子设备
CN219370111U (zh) 光学成像系统、摄像模组及电子设备
EP4030233B1 (en) Periscopic camera module and electronic device
EP4398020B1 (en) Optical lens, camera module, and electronic device
CN111866328B (zh) 一种摄像头模组及移动终端
CN218272884U (zh) 一种光学成像系统、摄像模组及电子设备
CN115327748A (zh) 一种光学成像系统、摄像模组及电子设备
WO2026031937A1 (zh) 光学镜头、摄像头模组及电子设备
WO2026032299A1 (zh) 光学镜头、摄像头模组及电子设备
CN118759692A (zh) 光学镜头、摄像模组及电子设备
WO2024235154A1 (zh) 摄像头模组和电子设备
CN114859511A (zh) 光学镜头、摄像模组及电子设备
CN114002814A (zh) 光学镜头、摄像模组及电子设备
EP4560374A1 (en) Optical lens, camera module and electronic device
WO2024120514A1 (zh) 长焦镜头、摄像头模组及电子设备
WO2025167229A1 (zh) 光学镜头、摄像模组及电子设备
CN121115246A (zh) 摄影用光学镜头、取像装置及电子装置
CN118945455A (zh) 摄像模组及电子设备
CN120507856B (zh) 一种镜头组件、摄像头模组及电子设备
CN119986959B (zh) 折叠光学镜头、折叠光学镜头摄像模组及摄像模组阵列
CN216646941U (zh) 潜望式混合透镜系统、成像设备和电子设备
CN121276747A (zh) 一种镜头组件、摄像头模组及电子设备
WO2025168069A1 (zh) 光学镜头、摄像头模组及电子设备
WO2025261452A1 (zh) 光学镜头、摄像头模组和电子设备
WO2026016673A1 (zh) 光学镜头、摄像头模组及电子设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23890556

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202380025110.0

Country of ref document: CN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2023890556

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2023890556

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20250423

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2023890556

Country of ref document: EP