WO2024108570A1 - 一种耳机 - Google Patents

一种耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024108570A1
WO2024108570A1 PCT/CN2022/134434 CN2022134434W WO2024108570A1 WO 2024108570 A1 WO2024108570 A1 WO 2024108570A1 CN 2022134434 W CN2022134434 W CN 2022134434W WO 2024108570 A1 WO2024108570 A1 WO 2024108570A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
rod
cross
ear
reference section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/134434
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张晨希
刘志青
刘昊宸
钟雷
胡偲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority to CN202280092979.2A priority Critical patent/CN118830259A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/134434 priority patent/WO2024108570A1/zh
Priority to EP22966258.0A priority patent/EP4485965A4/en
Publication of WO2024108570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024108570A1/zh
Priority to US18/900,585 priority patent/US20250024190A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1008—Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/105—Earpiece supports, e.g. ear hooks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H04R1/1066—Constructional aspects of the interconnection between earpiece and earpiece support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/09—Non-occlusive ear tips, i.e. leaving the ear canal open, for both custom and non-custom tips

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular to a headset.
  • Electronic devices have become an indispensable social and entertainment tool in people's daily lives, and people's requirements for electronic devices are getting higher and higher.
  • Electronic devices such as headphones have also been widely used in people's daily lives. They can be used in conjunction with terminal devices such as mobile phones and computers to provide users with an auditory feast.
  • terminal devices such as mobile phones and computers to provide users with an auditory feast.
  • headphones can generally be divided into air conduction headphones and bone conduction headphones; according to the way users wear headphones, they can generally be divided into headphones, ear-hook headphones and in-ear headphones; according to the way headphones interact with electronic devices, they can generally be divided into wired headphones and wireless headphones.
  • the headphones are generally hung on the user's ears, and generally need to be clamped on the ears with a certain clamping force so that the headphones can be worn more stably by the user; however, different users' ears have different shapes, sizes and other size differences, so that when the headphones are worn by different users, there are technical problems such as discomfort, instability, and poor acoustic effects.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an earphone, which includes a movement module, a hook-shaped structure and an adjustment mechanism, wherein the movement module is used to contact the front side of the user's ear, at least a portion of the hook-shaped structure is used to hang between the back side of the ear and the user's head, and the adjustment mechanism connects the movement module and the hook-shaped structure; wherein the adjustment mechanism enables the movement module to cover at least a portion of the concha cavity of the ear and not block the external auditory canal of the ear when worn, so as to allow the movement module and the concha cavity of the ear to cooperate to form an acoustic cavity, and the acoustic cavity connects the sound outlet of the movement module and the external auditory canal of the ear.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that the present application uses an adjustment mechanism to allow the movement module to cover a portion of the concha cavity of the ear and not block the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state, so as to allow the movement module to cooperate with the concha cavity of the ear to form an acoustic cavity, and the aforementioned acoustic cavity connects the sound outlet of the movement module and the external auditory canal of the ear.
  • the sound propagated through the sound outlet of the movement module will be restricted by the aforementioned acoustic cavity, so that the sound is more propagated to the external auditory canal of the ear, thereby increasing the volume and sound quality of the sound heard by the user in the near field, and thus improving the acoustic effect of the earphone.
  • different users can adjust the relative position of the movement module on the ear through the adjustment mechanism in the wearing state, so that the movement module is located in a suitable position, so that the movement module better covers a portion of the concha cavity of the ear and does not block the external auditory canal of the ear, and the user can also adjust the earphone to a more stable and comfortable position through the adjustment mechanism in the wearing state.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the front profile of the ear of a user described in the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an earphone provided by the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an earphone provided by the present application when worn on the ear;
  • FIG4 is a comparison diagram of frequency response curves measured at the same listening position when the core module in FIG3 is located at different positions on the ear;
  • FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the guide rod in FIG8;
  • FIG10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of an embodiment of the adjustment mechanism in FIG11;
  • FIG13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of an adjustment mechanism provided in the present application.
  • the user's ear 100 may include physiological parts such as the external auditory canal 101, the concha cavity 102, the cymba concha 103, the triangular fossa 104, the antihelix 105, the scaphoid 106, and the helix 107.
  • physiological parts such as the external auditory canal 101, the concha cavity 102, the cymba concha 103, the triangular fossa 104, the antihelix 105, the scaphoid 106, and the helix 107.
  • the external auditory canal 101 has a certain depth and extends to the eardrum of the ear, for the sake of convenience of description and in conjunction with FIG1 , in this application, unless otherwise specified, the external auditory canal 101 specifically refers to its entrance away from the eardrum (i.e., the ear hole).
  • the concha cavity 102, the cymba concha 103, the triangular fossa 104, and other physiological parts have a certain volume and depth; and the concha cavity 102 is directly connected to the external auditory canal 101, that is, it can be simply regarded as the aforementioned ear hole being located at the bottom of the concha cavity 102.
  • a simulator containing a head and its (left and right) ears can be made based on ANSI: S3.36, S3.25 and IEC: 60318-7 standards, such as GRAS 45BC KEMAR. Therefore, in this application, descriptions such as "the user wears the earphones", “the earphones are in a wearing state", etc. may refer to the earphones described in this application being worn on the ears of the aforementioned simulator.
  • the sagittal plane refers to a plane perpendicular to the ground along the front-to-back direction of the body, which divides the human body into left and right parts
  • the coronal plane refers to a plane perpendicular to the ground along the left-to-right direction of the body, which divides the human body into front and back parts
  • the horizontal plane refers to a plane parallel to the ground along the up-down direction of the body, which divides the human body into upper and lower parts.
  • the sagittal axis refers to the axis perpendicular to the coronal plane along the front-to-back direction of the body
  • the coronal axis refers to the axis perpendicular to the sagittal plane along the left-to-right direction of the body
  • the vertical axis refers to the axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane along the up-down direction of the body.
  • the "front side of the ear" described in this application is a concept relative to the "back side of the ear". The former refers to the side of the ear away from the head, and the latter refers to the side of the ear facing the head. They are both for the user's ear. Among them, by observing the ear of the above simulator along the direction of the human coronal axis, a schematic diagram of the front side outline of the ear can be obtained as shown in Figure 1.
  • the earphone 10 may include a movement module 11 and a hook structure 12 connected to the movement module 11, the movement module 11 is used to contact the front side of the user's ear, and at least part of the hook structure 12 is used to hang between the back side of the ear and the user's head, so that the earphone 10 is hung on the user's ear when worn.
  • the earphone 10 may include an adjustment mechanism 13 connecting the movement module 11 and the hook structure 12, and the adjustment mechanism 13 enables the movement module 11 to at least cover a portion of the concha cavity of the ear and not block the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state.
  • the movement module 11 and the concha cavity of the ear can cooperate to form an acoustic cavity, and the aforementioned acoustic cavity connects the sound outlet of the movement module 11 and the external auditory canal of the ear, thereby improving the acoustic effect of the earphone 10 through the aforementioned acoustic cavity.
  • the sound propagated through the sound outlet of the movement module 11 (such as the sound outlet 1111 mentioned later) will be restricted by the aforementioned acoustic cavity, so that the sound is more propagated to the external auditory canal of the ear, thereby increasing the volume and sound quality of the sound heard by the user in the near field, thereby improving the acoustic effect of the earphone 10.
  • the earphone 10 since the earphone 10 includes an adjustment mechanism 13 connecting the movement module 11 and the hook structure 12, different users can adjust the relative position of the movement module 11 on the ear through the adjustment mechanism 13 when wearing it, so that the movement module 11 is located in a suitable position, and then the movement module 11 better covers a part of the concha cavity of the ear and does not block the external auditory canal of the ear.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 due to the existence of the adjustment mechanism 13, the user can also adjust the earphone 10 to a more stable and comfortable position.
  • the movement module 11 described in the present application does not block the external auditory canal of the ear when worn, which means that the movement module 11 does not invade the external auditory canal. Furthermore, since the movement module 11 covers a portion of the concha cavity of the ear and does not block the external auditory canal of the ear when worn, the earphone 10 can not only realize an "open earphone" because the user's external auditory canal is not blocked, but also reduce sound leakage in the far field.
  • the movement module 11 generally has a pressure relief hole (for example, the pressure relief hole 1112 mentioned later), and the sound transmitted through the aforementioned pressure relief hole generally forms a second sound leakage in the far field, and the phase of the aforementioned first sound leakage and the phase of the aforementioned second sound leakage are (close to) opposite to each other, so that the two can cancel each other out in phase in the far field, thereby reducing the sound leakage of the earphone 10 in the far field
  • the free end of the movement module 11 that is not connected to the hook structure 12 can partially extend into the concha cavity of the ear.
  • the earphone 10 is first worn on the simulator, and then the position of the movement module 11 on the ear of the simulator is adjusted, and then the frequency response curve of the earphone 10 is measured by a detector (e.g., a microphone) arranged in the external auditory canal of the simulator (e.g., the position of the eardrum, i.e., the listening position), thereby simulating the listening effect of the user wearing the earphone 10.
  • a detector e.g., a microphone
  • the aforementioned frequency response curve can be used to characterize the changing relationship between the vibration magnitude and the frequency; the abscissa of the aforementioned frequency response curve can represent the frequency in Hz; the ordinate of the aforementioned frequency response curve can represent the vibration magnitude in dB.
  • curve 4_1 can represent the frequency response curve when the movement module 11 does not cover the concha cavity of the ear and does not block the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state, and curve 4_2 can represent the frequency response curve when the movement module 11 covers a part of the concha cavity of the ear and does not block the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state.
  • curve 4_2 is generally located above curve 4_1, that is, compared with the movement module 11 not covering the concha cavity of the ear and not blocking the external auditory canal of the ear in the worn state, the movement module 11 covers a part of the concha cavity of the ear and does not block the external auditory canal of the ear in the worn state, which is more conducive to improving the acoustic effect of the earphone 10.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 enables the core module 11 to have an adjustment amount of 4.5 mm relative to the hook structure 12, which enables the earphone 10 to adapt to most users, that is, when different users wear the earphone 10, the adjustment mechanism 13 can be used to make the core module 11 cover a part of the concha cavity of the ear and not block the external auditory canal of the ear when wearing it.
  • the aforementioned adjustment amount may refer to: in the wearing state, with the external auditory canal of the ear as a reference, the distance between the first position of the core module 11 closest to the external auditory canal of the ear and the second position of the core module 11 farthest from the external auditory canal of the ear.
  • the movement module 11 may include a movement housing 111 and a transducer 112 disposed in the movement housing 111.
  • the movement housing 111 is connected to the adjustment mechanism 13, thereby connected to the hook structure 12.
  • the transducer 112 is configured to convert electrical signals into mechanical vibrations, thereby generating sound waves (e.g., sounds audible to human ears) after being powered on.
  • the inner wall surface of the movement housing 111 facing the ear in the wearing state may be provided with a sound outlet hole 1111, and the sound waves generated by the transducer 112 are transmitted to the outside of the earphone 10 via the sound outlet hole 1111.
  • the transducer 112 may include a magnetic circuit system, a voice coil extending into the magnetic circuit system, and a diaphragm connected to the voice coil.
  • the magnetic field generated by the voice coil after being powered on interacts with the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit system, thereby driving the diaphragm to generate mechanical vibrations, and then generating sound via the propagation of a medium such as air.
  • the movement shell 111 cooperates with the concha cavity of the ear to form the above-mentioned acoustic cavity, and the sound outlet hole 1111 is at least partially located in the above-mentioned acoustic cavity, so that the sound generated by the transducer device 112 and transmitted through the sound outlet hole 1111 can be transmitted more to the external auditory canal of the ear under the restriction of the above-mentioned acoustic cavity.
  • the sound outlet hole 1111 may also be located on the lower wall surface of the movement housing 111 facing away from the top of the user's head when in the wearing state, or may be located at the corner between the aforementioned inner wall surface and the aforementioned lower wall surface.
  • the upper wall surface of the movement housing 111 facing the top of the user's head when in the wearing state may be provided with a pressure relief hole 1112, so that the pressure relief hole 1112 is farther away from the external auditory canal of the ear than the sound outlet hole 1111.
  • the pressure relief hole 1112 and the sound outlet hole 1111 are respectively located on opposite sides of the diaphragm of the transducer device 112, so that the above-mentioned first sound leakage and the above-mentioned second sound leakage are in anti-phase cancellation in the far field.
  • the pressure relief hole 1112 can be located on other wall surfaces (such as the aforementioned upper wall surface) of the movement housing 111 except the aforementioned inner wall surface.
  • the hook structure 12 may include an elastic metal wire and an elastic coating, and the elastic coating at least covers a portion of the elastic metal wire.
  • the elastic metal wire allows the hook structure 12 to deform when worn, and the aforementioned deformation not only enables the hook structure 12 to clamp the user's ear together with the movement module 11, but also enables the hook structure 12 to better fit the back side of the ear to generate sufficient friction, thereby meeting the need for stable wearing.
  • at least the wall surface of the movement housing 111 that contacts the user's skin may also be provided with an elastic coating.
  • the earphone 10 may include a main control circuit board and a battery, and the battery and the transducer 112 are coupled to the main control circuit board through corresponding wiring, so that the battery supplies power to the transducer 112 under the control of the main control circuit board.
  • the main control circuit board and the battery may be respectively arranged in the movement housing 111 or at the free end of the hook-shaped structure 12 that is not connected to the movement module 11, for example, the main control circuit board is arranged in the movement housing 111 and the battery is arranged at the free end of the hook-shaped structure 12, and for another example, the main control circuit board and the battery are both arranged in the movement housing 111.
  • the free end of the hook-shaped structure 12 that is not connected to the movement module 11 may be provided with a compartment body for accommodating the main control circuit board or the battery.
  • the earphone 10 may include a rear hanging structure connected to the hook-shaped structure 12 or the aforementioned compartment body, and the rear hanging structure is used to be wrapped around the back side of the head.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include a sleeve 131 and a guide rod 132, wherein the sleeve 131 is sleeved on the guide rod 132, and the sleeve 131 and the guide rod 132 are configured to move relative to each other under the action of an external force.
  • one of the sleeve 131 and the guide rod 132 may be connected to the movement module 11, and the other may be connected to the hook structure 12.
  • the user applies an external force to at least one of the movement module 11 and the hook structure 12, and the relative position between the two can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 13, thereby adjusting the relative position between the movement module 11 and the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state.
  • the sleeve 131 can be at least partially configured as a hollow structure, so that the guide rod 132 can pass through it.
  • the guide rod 132 can be a solid rod or a hollow rod, or a part of it can be a solid rod and the other part can be a hollow rod.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include a damping member 133, which is arranged between the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 and has a certain elastic deformation to provide damping when the user applies external force to the adjustment mechanism 13, and maintain the relative position between the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 after the user adjusts the adjustment mechanism 13.
  • a damping member 133 which is arranged between the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 and has a certain elastic deformation to provide damping when the user applies external force to the adjustment mechanism 13, and maintain the relative position between the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 after the user adjusts the adjustment mechanism 13.
  • the guide rod 132 can be set to be columnar, and the damping member 133 can be set to be ring-shaped.
  • the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the guide rod 132 on the reference section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 can be greater than the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the damping member 133 can have a certain elastic deformation, and it is also convenient for the guide rod 132 and the damping member 133 to extend into the sleeve 131.
  • the damping member 133 mainly generates stress and strain from the inner annular surface to the outer annular surface.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the sleeve 131 on the aforementioned reference section may be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section, and the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the guide rod 132 on the aforementioned reference section may be smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the damping member 133 mainly generates stress and strain directed from the outer annular surface to the inner annular surface.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the sleeve 131 on the aforementioned reference section may be smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section, and the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the guide rod 132 on the aforementioned reference section may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the damping member 133 generates stress and strain from the outer annular surface to the inner annular surface, and also generates stress and strain from the outer annular surface to the inner annular surface.
  • the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the guide rod 132 may refer to the area of the closed figure formed by the outer wall of the guide rod 132 on the aforementioned reference section
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the damping member 133 may refer to the area of the closed figure formed by the inner wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the outer wall of the guide rod 132 and the inner wall of the damping member 133 on the aforementioned reference section are regular shapes such as circular, rectangular, square, etc.
  • the outer diameter (or side length) of the guide rod 132 and the inner diameter (or side length) of the damping member 133 can be measured accordingly with the help of tools such as vernier calipers, and then the corresponding cross-sectional areas can be calculated.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the inner wall of the first tube portion 1311, the inner wall of the second tube portion 1311 and the inner wall of the first gradient structure mentioned later on the aforementioned reference section may respectively refer to the areas of the closed figures formed by the inner wall of the first tube portion 1311, the inner wall of the second tube portion 1311 and the inner wall of the first gradient structure on the aforementioned reference section
  • the cross-sectional areas of the outer wall of the first rod portion 1321, the outer wall of the second rod portion 1322 and the outer wall of the second gradient structure on the aforementioned reference section may respectively refer to the areas of the closed figures formed by the outer wall of the first rod portion 1321, the outer wall of the second rod portion 1322 and the outer wall of the second gradient structure on the above-mentioned reference section.
  • the sleeve 131 may include a first tube portion 1311 and a second tube portion 1312 that are connected to each other, the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the first tube portion 1311 on a reference section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the second tube portion 1312 on the aforementioned reference section;
  • the guide rod 132 may include a first rod portion 1321 and a second rod portion 1322 connected to the first rod portion 1321, the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the first rod portion 1321 on the aforementioned reference section is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the second rod portion 1322 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the damping member 133 and at least part of the first rod portion 1321 are located in the first tube portion 1311, and the second rod portion 1322 partially extends out of the sleeve 131 through the second tube portion 1312.
  • the damping member 133 may be sleeved on the first rod portion 1321, or may be embedded in the first tube portion 1311.
  • the guide rod 132 can move relative to the sleeve 131 under the action of an external force
  • the damping member 133 can also provide damping in the process
  • the first rod portion 1321 and the second tube portion 1312 stop each other so that the guide rod 132 will not be completely pulled out of the sleeve 131.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second rod portion 1322 on the reference cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 can be a non-circular shape such as a square, a rectangle, an ellipse, etc., so as to prevent the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 from rotating relative to each other.
  • the sleeve 131 may be configured as a shell structure having a through hole, and the thinner end of the guide rod 132 (such as the second rod portion 1322) passes through the first tube portion 1311 and the second tube portion 1312 in sequence, so that the guide rod 132 is inserted into the sleeve 131.
  • the damping member 133 may be sleeved on the thicker other end of the guide rod 132 (such as the first rod portion 1321) before the guide rod 132 is inserted into the sleeve 131, or may be embedded between the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 after the guide rod 132 is inserted into the sleeve 131.
  • the free end of the first tube portion 1311 that is not connected to the second tube portion 1312 may be covered with a cover plate to block one end of the sleeve 131.
  • the sleeve 131 may include a first shell 1313 and a second shell 1314 connected to the first shell 1313. After the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 are spliced, the sleeve 131 includes a first tube portion 1311 and a second tube portion 1312 that are connected to each other. Among them, the parting surface between the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 can be parallel to the axis of the sleeve 131, for example, the aforementioned parting surface is coplanar with the aforementioned axis.
  • the damping member 133 can be first sleeved on the thicker other end of the guide rod 132 (for example, the first rod portion 1321), and then the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 are spliced to clamp the guide rod 132 and the damping member 133.
  • the movement shell 111 can also be spliced by two shells, and the parting surface between the two shells and the parting surface between the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 can be the same parting surface.
  • the first shell 1313 and one of the two shells can be an injection-molded integral structure
  • the second shell 1314 and the other of the two shells can be another injection-molded integral structure.
  • the sleeve 131 may include a first shell 1313 and a second shell 1314 connected to the first shell 1313, and the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 are spliced to form the sleeve 131.
  • the parting surface between the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 may be perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve 131.
  • the damping member 133 may be embedded in the first shell 1313 before the guide rod 132 is inserted into the sleeve 131, and the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 are spliced before the guide rod 132 is inserted into the sleeve 131.
  • the inner wall of at least the portion of the second tube portion 1312 close to the first tube portion 1311 may be configured as a first gradual structure, for example, the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the first gradual structure on a reference cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 gradually decreases along the direction in which the guide rod 132 is pulled out.
  • a second gradual structure is also configured between the second rod portion 1322 and the first rod portion 1311, for example, the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the second gradual structure on the aforementioned reference cross section gradually decreases along the direction in which the guide rod 132 is pulled out.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include a sleeve 131, a guide rod 132 and an elastic component 134, wherein the sleeve 131 is sleeved on the guide rod 132, and the sleeve 131 and the guide rod 132 are configured to move relative to each other under the action of an external force, and the elastic component 134 extends into the sleeve 131 in a direction not parallel to the axial direction of the guide rod 132, for example, the elastic component 134 extends into the sleeve 131 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132, and elastically abuts against the guide rod 132.
  • one of the sleeve 131 and the guide rod 132 may be connected to the movement module 11, and the other may be connected to the hook structure 12.
  • the user applies an external force to at least one of the movement module 11 and the hook structure 12, and the relative position between the two can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 13, thereby adjusting the relative position between the movement module 11 and the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state.
  • the elastic component 134 can provide damping when the user applies external force to the adjustment mechanism 13 , and can also maintain the relative position between the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 after the user adjusts the adjustment mechanism 13 .
  • the guide rod 132 may be provided with a plurality of pits 1323, and the plurality of pits 1323 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the guide rod 132.
  • the number of the elastic components 134 may be the same as or different from the number of the pits 1323.
  • the elastic component 134 may include a stopper 1341 and an elastic component 1342, and the stopper 1341 is supported on the elastic component 1342 so that the stopper 1341 elastically abuts against the guide rod 132 under the action of the elastic component 1342. At this time, during the relative movement of the sleeve 131 and the guide rod 132 under the action of an external force, the stopper 1341 may partially extend into or completely withdraw from the pit 1323.
  • the wall surface of the pit 1323 for guiding the stopper 1341 to slide in or out is configured as an arc surface to prevent the elastic component 134 and the guide rod 132 from getting stuck.
  • the stopper 1341 may be a ball to reduce the friction resistance between the elastic component 134 and the guide rod 132, thereby extending the service life of the adjustment mechanism 13.
  • the stopper 1341 may be a pin with one end configured as a spherical surface, and the other end of the pin is supported on the elastic member 1342, so that the end of the pin where the spherical surface is located elastically abuts against the guide rod 132.
  • the elastic member 1342 may be a spring.
  • the elastic component 134 may include a cover plate 1343, and a mounting groove is provided on the sleeve 131.
  • the stopper 1341 and the elastic member 1342 are arranged in the mounting groove, and the stopper 1341 partially extends out of the mounting groove to elastically abut against the guide rod 132; the cover plate 1343 is arranged to cover the end of the mounting groove away from the stopper 1341, that is, the end of the elastic member 1342 away from the stopper 1341 can be supported on the cover plate 1343.
  • the stopper 1341 and the elastic member 1342 can be arranged in the mounting groove of the sleeve 131 in sequence, and then the cover plate 1343 is fixed on the sleeve 131 to cover the mounting groove, so that the elastic member 1342 is elastically supported between the stopper 1341 and the cover plate 1343.
  • the sleeve 131 may include a first tube portion 1311 and a second tube portion 1312 that are connected to each other, the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the first tube portion 1311 on a reference section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the second tube portion 1312 on the aforementioned reference section;
  • the guide rod 132 may include a first rod portion 1321 and a second rod portion 1322 connected to the first rod portion 1321, the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the first rod portion 1321 on the aforementioned reference section is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the second rod portion 1322 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the first tube portion 1311 is provided with the above-mentioned mounting groove; at least part of the first rod portion 1321 is located in the first tube portion 1311, and the second rod portion 1322 partially extends out of the sleeve 131 through the second tube portion 1312; the stopper 1341 elastically abuts against the first rod portion 1321, and the pit 1323 is provided on the first rod portion 1321.
  • the guide rod 132 can move relative to the sleeve 131 under the action of an external force
  • the elastic component 134 can also provide damping in the process, and the first rod portion 1321 and the second tube portion 1312 stop each other so that the guide rod 132 will not be completely pulled out of the sleeve 131.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second rod portion 1322 on the reference cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 can be a non-circular shape such as a square, a rectangle, an ellipse, etc., so as to prevent the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 from rotating relative to each other.
  • the sleeve 131 may include a first tube portion 1311 and a second tube portion 1312 that are connected to each other, the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the first tube portion 1311 on a reference section perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the second tube portion 1312 on the aforementioned reference section;
  • the guide rod 132 may include a first rod portion 1321 and a second rod portion 1322 connected to the first rod portion 1321, the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the first rod portion 1321 on the aforementioned reference section is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the second rod portion 1322 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the first tube portion 1311 is provided with the above-mentioned mounting groove; at least part of the first rod portion 1321 is located in the first tube portion 1311, and the second rod portion 1322 partially extends out of the sleeve 131 through the second tube portion 1312.
  • the first rod portion 1321 may include a columnar main body portion 1324 and a strip-shaped step portion 1325.
  • the strip-shaped step portion 1325 makes the cross-sectional shape of the first rod portion 1321 on the reference cross-sectional surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 non-circular, which not only prevents the guide rod 132 and the sleeve 131 from rotating relative to each other, but also makes the cross-sectional shape of the second rod portion 1322 on the reference cross-sectional surface perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide rod 132 circular.
  • machining the pit 1323 on the non-cylindrical first rod portion 1321 is less difficult, mainly because the strip-shaped step portion 1325 can provide a plane for machining the pit 1323, that is, the strip-shaped step portion 1325 transforms the peripheral side surface of the first rod portion 1321 from an arc surface to a plane.
  • the stopper 1341 elastically abuts against the strip-shaped step portion 1325 , and the recess 1323 is disposed on the strip-shaped step portion 1325 .
  • the sleeve 131 can be configured as a shell structure with a through hole, or can include a first shell 1313 and a second shell 1314 connected to the first shell 1313, and the parting surface between the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 can be parallel to the axis of the sleeve 131, for example, the parting surface is coplanar with the axis.
  • the sleeve 131 includes a first shell 1313 and a second shell 1314 connected to the first shell 1313, the mounting groove can be provided on the first shell 1313 or the second shell 1314.
  • the sleeve 131 can be connected to the movement shell 111, for example, the first shell 1313 and the second shell 1314 are respectively used as part of the movement shell 111;
  • the guide rod 132 can be connected to the above-mentioned elastic metal wire, for example, the above-mentioned elastic metal wire is partially embedded in the second rod part 1322, and can also be used as a part of the hook structure 12.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include an active member 135 and a driven member 136, the driven member 136 is meshed with the active member 135, and the active member 135 rotates around a preset axis under the external force applied by the user, and drives the driven member 136 to move along the preset axis.
  • one of the movement module 11 and the hook structure 12 can be connected to the active member 135, and the other can be connected to the driven member 136. In this way, when the user applies an external force to the active member 135, the hook structure 12 and the movement module 11 can be relatively moved through the adjustment mechanism 13, thereby adjusting the relative position between the movement module 11 and the external auditory canal of the ear in the wearing state.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include a lead screw 137, an active member 135 and a driven member 136 are respectively sleeved on the lead screw 137, the active member 135 and the lead screw 137 are meshed through a third thread pair, and the lead screw 137 and the driven member 135 are meshed through a fourth thread pair.
  • the preset axis may be the axis of the lead screw 137.
  • the active member 135 may be configured to rotate only around the preset axis relative to the movement module 11
  • the driven member 136 may be configured to move only along the preset axis relative to the movement module 11
  • the hook structure 12 may be configured to maintain a relative position unchanged with the driven member 136.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include a fixing member 138 and a guide member 1391 , the fixing member 138 and the active member 135 are meshed through a first thread pair, the active member 135 and the driven member 136 are meshed through a second thread pair, the first thread and the second thread are opposite in rotation, the guide member 1391 is sleeved on the driven member 136, the inner contour of the guide member 1391 and the outer contour of the driven member 136 are set to be matched non-circular, and the non-circular can be any one of regular shapes such as rectangle, square, regular hexagon, ellipse, or other irregular shapes, so as to allow the driven member 136 to move along the preset axis driven by the active member 135.
  • the preset axis can be the axis of the active member 135.
  • the driven member 136 when the user applies external force to the active member 135, if the active member 135 moves along the above-mentioned preset axis and approaches the fixed member 138, the driven member 136 also moves along the above-mentioned preset axis and approaches the active member 135 synchronously; conversely, if the active member 135 moves along the above-mentioned preset axis and moves away from the fixed member 138, the driven member 136 also moves along the above-mentioned preset axis and moves away from the active member 135 synchronously, thereby greatly increasing the adjustment efficiency of the adjustment mechanism 13.
  • one of the movement module 11 and the hook structure 12 can be set to keep a relative position unchanged with the fixed member 138 and the guide member 1391, and the other can be set to keep a relative position unchanged with the driven member 136.
  • the active member 135 may include a first external threaded portion 1351 and an internal threaded portion 1352 connected to the first external threaded portion 1351, and the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the first external threaded portion 1351 on a reference section perpendicular to the above-mentioned preset axis is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the internal threaded portion 1352 on the aforementioned reference section, that is, the internal threaded portion 1352 is thicker than the first external threaded portion 1351;
  • the driven member 136 may include a second external threaded portion 1361 and a guide portion 1362 connected to the second external threaded portion 1361, and the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the second external threaded portion 1361 on the aforementioned reference section is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the guide portion 1362 on the aforementioned reference section, that is, the guide portion 1362 is thicker than the second external thread
  • the first external threaded portion 1351 is meshed with the fixing member 138 through the first thread pair
  • the second external threaded portion 1361 is meshed with the internal threaded portion 1352 through the second thread pair
  • the outer contour of the guide portion 1362 and the inner contour of the guide member 1391 are set to be matched non-circular
  • the guide member 1391 is sleeved on the guide portion 1362.
  • the active member 135 and the driven member 136 can be structural members with the same structure.
  • the active member 135 may include a third external threaded portion 1353, a fourth external threaded portion 1354 and a transition portion 1355, the transition portion 1355 connects the third external threaded portion 1353 and the fourth external threaded portion 1354, the third external threaded portion 1353 is engaged with the fixing member 138 through the above-mentioned first thread pair, and the fourth external threaded portion 1354 is engaged with the driven member 136 through the above-mentioned second thread pair.
  • the adjustment mechanism 13 may include a rotating wheel 1392, which is sleeved on the active member 135 (specifically, the internal threaded portion 1352 or the transition portion 1355), and is used to replace the active member 135 to receive the external force applied by the user.
  • the inner contour of the rotating wheel 1392 and the outer contour of the active member 135 are set to be matched non-circular, and the aforementioned non-circular can be any one of regular shapes such as rectangle, square, regular hexagon, ellipse, or other irregular shapes, so as to allow the active member 135 to rotate around the above-mentioned preset axis with the rotating wheel 1392, and allow the active member 135 to move relative to the rotating wheel 1392 along the above-mentioned preset axis.
  • the active member 135 synchronously rotates relative to the fixed member 138 around the above-mentioned preset axis and moves relative to the fixed member 138 along the above-mentioned preset axis.
  • the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the transition portion 1355 on the reference section perpendicular to the above-mentioned preset axis can be respectively greater than the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the third external threaded portion 1353 on the aforementioned reference section and the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the fourth external threaded portion 1354 on the aforementioned reference section, and when any one of the fixing member 138 and the follower 136 abuts against the transition portion 1355 along the above-mentioned preset axis, the adjustment mechanism 13 can be axially limited; the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the transition portion 1355 on the aforementioned reference section can also be respectively less than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the third external threaded portion 1353 on the aforementioned reference section and the cross-sectional area of the outer wall of the fourth external threaded portion 1354 on the aforementioned reference section, and when any one of
  • the cross-sectional areas of the outer wall of the first external threaded portion 1351, the outer wall of the internal threaded portion 1352, the outer wall of the second external threaded portion 1361 and the outer wall of the guide portion 1362 can respectively refer to the area of the closed figure enclosed by the outer wall of the first external threaded portion 1351, the outer wall of the internal threaded portion 1352, the outer wall of the second external threaded portion 1361 and the outer wall of the guide portion 1362 on the aforementioned reference section.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the outer wall of the first external threaded portion 1351 and the outer wall of the second external threaded portion 1361 on the aforementioned reference section are generally circular, the outer diameters of the first external threaded portion 1351 and the second external threaded portion 1361 can be measured with the aid of tools such as a vernier caliper, and the corresponding cross-sectional areas can be calculated; since the cross-sectional shapes of the outer wall of the internal threaded portion 1352 and the outer wall of the guide portion 1362 on the aforementioned reference section are generally non-circular shapes such as squares and regular hexagons, the side lengths of the internal threaded portion 1352 and the guide portion 1362 can be measured with the aid of tools such as a vernier caliper, and the corresponding cross-sectional areas can be calculated.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the outer walls of the transition portion 1355, the outer walls of the third external threaded portion 1353, and the outer walls of the fourth external threaded portion 1354 on the aforementioned reference section can refer to the areas of the closed figures formed by the outer walls of the transition portion 1355, the outer walls of the third external threaded portion 1353, and the outer walls of the fourth external threaded portion 1354 on the aforementioned reference section, respectively.
  • the guide member 1391 can be connected to the movement housing 111; the follower 136 can be connected to the elastic metal wire, for example, the elastic metal wire is partially embedded in the follower 136; the active member 135 is clamped by two limit portions on the movement housing 111 that are spaced apart along the above preset axis.
  • the fixing member 138 and the guide member 1391 can be connected to the movement housing 111 respectively; the follower 136 can be connected to the elastic metal wire, for example, the elastic metal wire is partially embedded in the follower 136; the rotating wheel 1392 is clamped by two limit portions on the movement housing 111 that are spaced apart along the above preset axis.

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Abstract

本申请主要是涉及一种耳机，包括机芯模组、钩状结构和调节机构，机芯模组用于接触用户的耳部的前侧，至少部分钩状结构用于挂设在耳部的后侧与用户的头部之间，调节机构连接机芯模组和钩状结构；调节机构使得机芯模组在佩戴状态下至少覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道，以允许机芯模组与耳部的耳甲腔配合形成声学腔体，声学腔体连通机芯模组的出声孔和耳部的外耳道，此时经由机芯模组的出声孔传播出去的声音会受到声学腔体的限制，使得声音更多地传播至耳部的外耳道内，从而提高用户在近场听到的声音的音量和音质，进而改善耳机的声学效果。

Description

一种耳机 技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备的技术领域，具体是涉及一种耳机。
背景技术
随着电子设备的不断普及，电子设备已经成为人们日常生活中不可或缺的社交、娱乐工具，人们对于电子设备的要求也越来越高。耳机这类电子设备，也已广泛地应用于人们的日常生活，它可以与手机、电脑等终端设备配合使用，以便于为用户提供听觉盛宴。其中，按照耳机的工作原理，一般可以分为气导式耳机和骨导式耳机；按照用户佩戴耳机的方式，一般又可以分为头戴式耳机、耳挂式耳机和入耳式耳机；按照耳机与电子设备之间的交互方式，一般还可以分为有线式耳机和无线式耳机。进一步地，对于耳挂式耳机而言，耳机一般是挂在用户的耳部上，一般也需要以一定的夹持力夹持在耳部上，以使得耳机更稳定地被用户佩戴；然而，不同用户的耳部存在不同的形状、大小等尺寸差异，使得耳机被不同的用户佩戴时，存在佩戴不适、佩戴不稳、声学效果较差等技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种耳机，耳机包括机芯模组、钩状结构和调节机构，机芯模组用于接触用户的耳部的前侧，至少部分钩状结构用于挂设在耳部的后侧与用户的头部之间，调节机构连接机芯模组和钩状结构；其中，调节机构使得机芯模组在佩戴状态下至少覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道，以允许机芯模组与耳部的耳甲腔配合形成声学腔体，声学腔体连通机芯模组的出声孔和耳部的外耳道。
本申请的有益效果是：本申请通过调节机构使得机芯模组在佩戴状态下覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道，以允许机芯模组与耳部的耳甲腔配合形成声学腔体，前述声学腔体连通机芯模组的出声孔和耳部的外耳道，此时经由机芯模组的出声孔传播出去的声音会受到前述声学腔体的限制，使得声音更多地传播至耳部的外耳道内，从而提高用户在近场听到的声音的音量和音质，进而改善耳机的声学效果。除此之外，不同的用户能够在佩戴状态下通过调节机构调节机芯模组在耳部上的相对位置，从而使得机芯模组位于一个合适的位置，进而使得机芯模组更好地覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道，用户也能够在佩戴状态下通过调节机构调节耳机佩戴至更加稳定、舒适的位置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请所述的用户的耳部的前侧轮廓示意图；
图2是本申请提供的耳机一实施例的结构示意图；
图3是本申请提供的耳机一实施例佩戴于耳部的示意图；
图4是图3中机芯模组位于耳部上不同位置时在同一听音位置测得的频响曲线的对比图；
图5是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图6是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图7是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图8是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图9是图8中导杆一实施例的结构示意图；
图10是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图11是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图12是图11中调节机构一实施例的拆解结构示意图；
图13是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图；
图14是本申请提供的调节机构一实施例的截面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本申请作进一步的详细描述。特别指出的是，以下实施例仅用于说明本申请，但不对本申请的范围进行限定。同样的，以下实施例仅为本申请的部分实施例而非全部实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其他实施例相结合。
结合图1，用户的耳部100可以包括外耳道101、耳甲腔102、耳甲艇103、三角窝104、对耳轮105、耳舟106、耳轮107等生理部位。其中，虽然外耳道101具有一定的深度并延伸至耳部的鼓膜，但是为了便于描述，并结合图1，本申请在没有特别说明的情况下，外耳道101具体是指其背离鼓膜的入口(也即耳孔)。进一步地，耳甲腔102、耳甲艇103、三角窝104等生理部位具有一定的容积及深度；且耳甲腔102与外耳道101直接连通，也即可以简单地视作前述耳孔位于耳甲腔102的底部。
进一步地，不同的用户可能存在个体差异，导致耳部100存在不同的形状、大小等尺寸差异。为了便于描述，以及减小(甚至是消除)不同用户的个体差异，基于ANSI:S3.36,S3.25和IEC:60318-7标准可以制得一含头部及其(左、右)耳部的模拟器，例如GRAS 45BC KEMAR。因此，本申请中，诸如“用户佩戴耳机”、“耳机处于佩戴状态”等描述可以指本申请所述的耳机佩戴于前述模拟器的耳部。当然，正是因为不同的用户存在个体差异，耳机被不同的用户佩戴时可能会与耳机佩戴于前述模拟器的耳部存在一定的差异，这种差异应该是被容忍的。
需要说明的是：在医学、解剖学等领域中，可以定义人体的矢状面(Sagittal Plane)、冠状面(Coronal Plane)和水平面(Horizontal Plane)三个基本切面以及矢状轴(Sagittal Axis)、冠状轴(Coronal Axis)和垂直轴(Vertical Axis)三个基本轴。其中，矢状面是指沿身体前后方向所作的与地面垂直的切面，它将人体分为左右两部分；冠状面是指沿身体左右方向所作的与地面垂直的切面，它将人体分为前后两部分；水平面是指沿身体上下方向所作的与地面平行的切面，它将人体分为上下两部分。相应地，矢状轴是指沿身体前后方向垂直通过冠状面的轴，冠状轴是指沿身体左右方向垂直通过矢状面的轴，垂直轴是指沿身体上下方向垂直通过水平面的 轴。进一步地，本申请所述的“耳部的前侧”是一个相对于“耳部的后侧”的概念，前者指耳部背离头部的一侧，后者指耳部朝向头部的一侧，他们均是针对用户的耳部。其中，沿人体冠状轴所在方向观察上述模拟器的耳部，可以得到图1所示的耳部的前侧轮廓示意图。
结合图2及图3，耳机10可以包括机芯模组11和与机芯模组11连接的钩状结构12，机芯模组11用于接触用户的耳部的前侧，至少部分钩状结构12用于挂设在耳部的后侧与用户的头部之间，以使得耳机10在佩戴状态下挂设在用户的耳部上。
进一步地，耳机10可以包括连接机芯模组11和钩状结构12的调节机构13，调节机构13使得机芯模组11在佩戴状态下至少覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道。此时，由于耳部的耳甲腔具有一定的容积及深度，使得机芯模组11与耳部的耳甲腔能够配合形成一声学腔体，前述声学腔体连通机芯模组11的出声孔和耳部的外耳道，从而通过前述声学腔体改善耳机10的声学效果。这主要是因为，在佩戴状态下，经由机芯模组11的出声孔(例如后文中提及的出声孔1111)传播出去的声音会受到前述声学腔体的限制，使得声音更多地传播至耳部的外耳道内，从而提高用户在近场听到的声音的音量和音质，进而改善耳机10的声学效果。基于此，由于耳机10包括连接机芯模组11和钩状结构12的调节机构13，使得不同的用户能够在佩戴状态下通过调节机构13调节机芯模组11在耳部上的相对位置，从而使得机芯模组11位于一个合适的位置，进而使得机芯模组11更好地覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道。除此之外，由于调节机构13的存在，用户也能够调节耳机10佩戴至更加稳定、舒适的位置。
需要说明的是：相较于入耳式耳机而言，本申请所述的机芯模组11在佩戴状态下不堵住耳部的外耳道可以指机芯模组11不侵入外耳道内。进一步地，由于机芯模组11在佩戴状态下覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道，不仅使得耳机10能够因用户的外耳道不被堵住而实现“开放式耳机”，还使得耳机10能够降低在远场的漏音。后者主要是因为，上述声学腔体因机芯模组11在佩戴状态下覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分而呈现半开放的状态，使得经由机芯模组11的出声孔传播出去的声音，除了大部分传播至外耳道内之外，小部分经由机芯模组11与耳部之间的缝隙(例如耳甲腔未被机芯模组11覆盖的另一部分)传播至耳机10及耳部的外部，从而在远场形成第一漏音；与此同时，机芯模组11一般会开设泄压孔(例如后文中提及的泄压孔1112)，经由前述泄压孔传播出去的声音一般会在远场形成第二漏音，且前述第一漏音的相位和前述第二漏音的相位(接近)互为反相，使得两者能够在远场反相相消，从而降低耳机10在远场的漏音。
进一步地，在佩戴状态下，机芯模组11不与钩状结构12连接的自由端可以部分伸入耳部的耳甲腔内。
作为示例性地，结合图4，先将耳机10佩戴在上述模拟器上，再调节机芯模组11在上述模拟器的耳部上的位置，然后通过设置在上述模拟器的外耳道内(例如鼓膜所在位置，也即听音位置)的探测器(例如麦克风)测得耳机10的频响曲线，从而模拟用户佩戴耳机10后的听音效果。其中，前述频响曲线可以用于表征振动大小与频率之间的变化关系；前述频响曲线的横坐标可以表示频率，单位为Hz；前述频响曲线的纵坐标可以表示振动大小，单位为dB。图4中，曲线4_1可以表示机芯模组11在佩戴状态下未覆盖耳部的耳甲腔且不堵住耳部的外耳道时的频响曲线，曲线4_2可以表示机芯模组11在佩戴状态下覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道时的频响曲线。基于此，从图4所示的频响曲线的对比图可以直接地、毫无疑义 地看出：曲线4_2整体上位于曲线4_1的上方，也即相较于机芯模组11在佩戴状态下未覆盖耳部的耳甲腔且不堵住耳部的外耳道，机芯模组11在佩戴状态下覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道更有利于改善耳机10的声学效果。
进一步地，本申请的发明人在长期的研发过程中发现：调节机构13使得机芯模组11相对于钩状结构12具有4.5mm的调节量，能够使得耳机10适配绝大多数的用户，也即不同的用户佩戴耳机10时均能够通过调节机构13使得机芯模组11在佩戴状态下覆盖耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住耳部的外耳道。其中，前述调节量可以指：在佩戴状态下，以耳部的外耳道作为参考，机芯模组11最靠近耳部的外耳道的第一位置与机芯模组11最远离耳部的外耳道的第二位置之间的距离。
作为示例性地，机芯模组11可以包括机芯壳体111和设置在机芯壳体111内的换能装置112，机芯壳体111与调节机构13连接，从而与钩状结构12连接，换能装置112设置成将电信号转换为机械振动，从而在通电之后产生声波(例如人耳可听的声音)。其中，机芯壳体111在佩戴状态下朝向耳部的内壁面可以设有出声孔1111，换能装置112产生的声波经由出声孔1111传播至耳机10的外部。进一步地，换能装置112可以包括磁路系统、伸入磁路系统的音圈以及与音圈连接的振膜，音圈通电之后产生的磁场与磁路系统所形成的磁场相互作用，从而驱动振膜产生机械振动，进而经由空气等媒介的传播产生声音。基于此，在佩戴状态下，机芯壳体111与耳部的耳甲腔配合形成上述声学腔体，出声孔1111至少部分位于上述声学腔体内，以使得换能装置112产生的经由出声孔1111传播出去的声音在上述声学腔体的限制下更多地传播至耳部的外耳道内。
需要说明的是：出声孔1111除了位于机芯壳体111在佩戴状态下朝向耳部的内壁面之外，还可以位于机芯壳体111在佩戴状态下背离用户的头顶的下壁面，也可以位于前述内壁面与前述下壁面之间的拐角处。进一步地，机芯壳体111在佩戴状态下朝向用户的头顶的上壁面可以设有泄压孔1112，以使得泄压孔1112相较于出声孔1111更远离耳部的外耳道。其中，泄压孔1112与出声孔1111分别位于换能装置112的振膜的相背两侧，以便于上述第一漏音和上述第二漏音在远场反相相消。当然，与出声孔1111不同的是：泄压孔1112可以位于机芯壳体111上除前述内壁面之外的其他壁面(例如前述上壁面)。
作为示例性地，钩状结构12可以包括弹性金属丝和弹性覆层，弹性覆层至少包覆弹性金属丝的一部分。其中，弹性金属丝允许钩状结构12在佩戴状态下产生形变，前述形变不仅使得钩状结构12与机芯模组11一同夹持用户的耳部，还使得钩状结构12更好地与耳部的后侧贴合，以产生足够的摩擦力，从而满足佩戴稳定的需求。除了钩状结构12设置弹性覆层之外，机芯壳体111至少与用户的皮肤接触的壁面(例如上述内壁面)也可以设置弹性覆层，这些弹性覆层不仅使得耳机10佩戴舒适，还使得耳机10与用户的皮肤更加贴合，从而增加佩戴的稳定性。
进一步地，耳机10可以包括主控电路板和电池，电池和换能装置112与主控电路板通过相应的走线耦接，以使得电池在主控电路板的控制下为换能装置112供电。其中，主控电路板和电池可以分别设置在机芯壳体111内或者钩状结构12不与机芯模组11连接的自由端，例如主控电路板设置在机芯壳体111内而电池设置在钩状结构12的自由端，再例如主控电路板和电池均设置在机芯壳体111内。换言之，钩状结构12不与机芯模组11连接的自由端可以设置用于容纳主控电路板或者电池的仓体。当然，耳机10可以包括与钩状结构12或者前述仓体连接的后挂结构，后挂结构用于绕设在头部的后侧。
下面，就本申请所述的调节机构13进行示例性的说明。
结合图5至图7，调节机构13可以包括套管131和导杆132，套管131套设在导杆132上，套管131和导杆132设置成在外力作用下相对移动。其中，套管131和导杆132中的一者可以与机芯模组11连接，另一者可以与钩状结构12连接。如此，用户对机芯模组11和钩状结构12中的至少一者施加外力，即可通过调节机构13调节两者之间的相对位置，从而调节机芯模组11在佩戴状态下与耳部的外耳道之间的相对位置。
需要说明的是：套管131可以至少部分设置成空心结构，以便于导杆132穿设其中。相应地，导杆132既可以为实心杆，也可以为空心杆，还可以一部分为实心杆而另一部分为空心杆。
作为示例性地，调节机构13可以包括阻尼件133，阻尼件133设置在导杆132与套管131之间，且具有一定的弹性形变量，以在用户对调节机构13施加外力时提供阻尼，以及在用户调节完调节机构13后维持导杆132与套管131之间的相对位置。
进一步地，导杆132可以设置成柱状，阻尼件133可以设置成环状。其中，在阻尼件133装配至调节机构13之前的自然状态下，导杆132的外壁在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积可以大于阻尼件133的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积。如此，既可以使得阻尼件133具有一定的弹性形变量，也便于导杆132和阻尼件133伸入套管131内。此时，在阻尼件133装配至调节机构13之后的使用状态下，阻尼件133主要是产生由内环面指向外环面的应力和应变。当然，在其他一些实施方式中，在阻尼件133装配至调节机构13之前的自然状态下，套管131的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以小于阻尼件133的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积，导杆132的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以小于或者等于阻尼件133的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积。此时，在阻尼件133装配至调节机构13之后的使用状态下，阻尼件133主要是产生由外环面指向内环面的应力和应变。在其他另一些实施方式中，在阻尼件133装配至调节机构13之前的自然状态下，套管131的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以小于阻尼件133的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积，导杆132的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以大于阻尼件133的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积。此时，在阻尼件133装配至调节机构13之后的使用状态下，阻尼件133既产生由外环面指向内环面的应力和应变，又产生由外环面指向内环面的应力和应变。
需要说明的是：在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上，导杆132的外壁的横截面积可以指导杆132的外壁在前述参考截面上围成的封闭图形的面积，阻尼件133的内壁的横截面积可以指阻尼件133的内壁在上述参考截面上围成的封闭图形的面积。当然，如果导杆132的外壁和阻尼件133的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截形状为圆形、矩形、正方形等规则形状，那么借助游标卡尺等工具即可相应地测得导杆132的外径(或者边长)，以及阻尼件133的内径(或者边长)，进而计算得到相应的横截面积。类似地，后文中提及的第一管部1311的内壁、二管部1311的内壁和第一渐变结构的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以分别指第一管部1311的内壁、二管部1311的内壁和第一渐变结构的内壁在前述参考截面上围成的封闭图形的面积，第一杆部1321的外壁、第二杆部1322的外壁和第二渐变结构的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以分别指第一杆部1321的外壁、第二杆部1322的外壁和第二渐变结构的外壁在上述参考截面上围成的封闭图形的面积。
进一步地，套管131可以包括彼此连通的第一管部1311和第二管部1312，第一管部1311的内壁在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于第二管部1312的内壁在前述参考 截面上的横截面积；导杆132可以包括第一杆部1321和与第一杆部1321连接的第二杆部1322，第一杆部1321的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积大于第二杆部1322的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积。其中，阻尼件133和至少部分第一杆部1321位于第一管部1311内，第二杆部1322经由第二管部1312部分伸出套管131外。此时，阻尼件133可以套设在第一杆部1321上，也可以嵌设在第一管部1311内。如此，导杆132既可以在外力作用下相对于套管131移动，阻尼件133也可以在此过程中提供阻尼，且第一杆部1321和第二管部1312彼此止挡还使得导杆132不会被完全拔出套管131。进一步地，第二杆部1322在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的截面形状可以为诸如正方形、矩形、椭圆形等非圆形，以阻碍导杆132和套管131发生相对转动。
在一些实施方式中，例如图5，套管131可以设置成具有一通孔的壳体结构，导杆132较细的一端(例如第二杆部1322)依次穿过第一管部1311和第二管部1312，以使得导杆132穿设在套管131上。其中，阻尼件133可以在导杆132穿设于套管131之前先套设在导杆132较粗的另一端(例如第一杆部1321)，也可以在导杆132穿设于套管131之后再嵌入导杆132与套管131之间。进一步地，第一管部1311不与第二管部1312连通的自由端可以盖设一盖板，以堵住套管131的一端。
在一些实施方式中，例如图6，套管131可以包括第一壳体1313和与第一壳体1313连接的第二壳体1314，第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314拼接后使得套管131包括彼此连通的第一管部1311和第二管部1312。其中，第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314之间的分模面可以平行于套管131的轴线，例如前述分模面与前述轴线共面。此时，阻尼件133可以先套设在导杆132较粗的另一端(例如第一杆部1321)，再使得第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314拼接以夹持导杆132和阻尼件133。进一步地，机芯壳体111同样可以由两个壳体拼接成，两个壳体之间的分模面与第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314之间的分模面可以为同一分模面。此时，第一壳体1313与两个壳体中的一者可以为一注塑成型一体结构件，第二壳体1314与两个壳体中的另一者可以为另一注塑成型一体结构件。
在一些实施方式中，例如图7，套管131可以包括第一壳体1313和与第一壳体1313连接的第二壳体1314，第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314拼接后构成套管131。其中，第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314之间的分模面可以垂直于套管131的轴线。此时，阻尼件133可以在导杆132穿设于套管131之前先嵌设在第一壳体1313内，在导杆132穿设于套管131之前先使得第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314拼接。
在一些实施方式中，例如图14，第二管部1312至少靠近第一管部1311的部分的内壁可以设置成第一渐变结构，例如第一渐变结构的内壁在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积沿导杆132的拔出方向逐渐变小。相应地，第二杆部1322与第一杆部1311之间也设置成第二渐变结构，例如第二渐变结构的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积沿导杆132的拔出方向逐渐变小。
结合图8及图9，调节机构13可以包括套管131、导杆132和弹性组件134，套管131套设在导杆132上，套管131和导杆132设置成在外力作用下相对移动，弹性组件134沿不平行于导杆132的轴向的方向伸入套管131内，例如弹性组件134沿垂直于导杆132的轴向的方向伸入套管131内，且弹性抵接在导杆132上。其中，套管131和导杆132中的一者可以与机芯模组11连接，另一者可以与钩状结构12连接。如此，用户对机芯模组11和钩状结构12中的至 少一者施加外力，即可通过调节机构13调节两者之间的相对位置，从而调节机芯模组11在佩戴状态下与耳部的外耳道之间的相对位置。与阻尼件133类似，弹性组件134既可以在用户对调节机构13施加外力时提供阻尼，也可以在用户调节完调节机构13后维持导杆132与套管131之间的相对位置。
作为示例性地，导杆132上可以设有多个凹坑1323，多个凹坑1323沿导杆132的轴向间隔设置。其中，弹性组件134的数量与凹坑1323的数量可以相同，也可以不相同。进一步地，弹性组件134可以包括止位件1341和弹性件1342，止位件1341支撑在弹性件1342上，以使得止位件1341在弹性件1342的作用下弹性抵接在导杆132上。此时，套管131和导杆132在外力作用下相对移动的过程中，止位件1341可以部分伸入或者完全退出凹坑1323。
进一步地，凹坑1323用于引导止位件1341滑入或者滑出的壁面设置成弧面，以避免弹性组件134与导杆132卡死。
作为示例性地，止位件1341可以为滚珠，以减小弹性组件134与导杆132之间的摩擦阻力，延长调节机构13的使用寿命。当然，在其他一些实施方式中，止位件1341可以为一端设置成球面的顶针，顶针的另一端支撑在弹性件1342上，以使得顶针的球面所在一端弹性抵接在导杆132上。进一步地，弹性件1342可以为弹簧。
进一步地，弹性组件134可以包括盖板1343，套管131上设有安装槽。其中，止位件1341和弹性件1342设置在安装槽内，且止位件1341部分伸出安装槽，以弹性抵接在导杆132上；盖板1343盖设在安装槽远离止位件1341的一端，也即弹性件1342背离止位件1341的一端可以支撑在盖板1343上。如此，安装弹性组件134时，可以在导杆132穿设于套管131之后，先后依次将止位件1341和弹性件1342设置在套管131的安装槽内，再将盖板1343固定在套管131上覆盖安装槽，以使得弹性件1342弹性支撑在止位件1341与盖板1343之间。
在一些实施方式中，与图5至图7及图14中任一套管131的结构类似，套管131可以包括彼此连通的第一管部1311和第二管部1312，第一管部1311的内壁在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于第二管部1312的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积；导杆132可以包括第一杆部1321和与第一杆部1321连接的第二杆部1322，第一杆部1321的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积大于第二杆部1322的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积。相应地，第一管部1311设有上述安装槽；至少部分第一杆部1321位于第一管部1311内，第二杆部1322经由第二管部1312部分伸出套管131外；止位件1341弹性抵接在第一杆部1321上，凹坑1323设置在第一杆部1321上。如此，导杆132既可以在外力作用下相对于套管131移动，弹性组件134也可以在此过程中提供阻尼，且第一杆部1321和第二管部1312彼此止挡还使得导杆132不会被完全拔出套管131。类似地，第二杆部1322在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的截面形状可以为诸如正方形、矩形、椭圆形等非圆形，以阻碍导杆132和套管131发生相对转动。
在一些实施方式中，与图5至图7及图14中任一套管131的结构类似，套管131可以包括彼此连通的第一管部1311和第二管部1312，第一管部1311的内壁在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于第二管部1312的内壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积；导杆132可以包括第一杆部1321和与第一杆部1321连接的第二杆部1322，第一杆部1321的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积大于第二杆部1322的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积。相应地，第一管部1311设有上述安装槽；至少部分第一杆部1321位于第一管部1311内，第二杆部1322经由第二管部1312部分伸出套管131外。进一步地，结合图9，第一杆部1321可以包括柱状主体部1324 和条状台阶部1325，条状台阶部1325使得第一杆部1321在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的截面形状为非圆形，这样不仅可以阻碍导杆132和套管131发生相对转动，第二杆部1322在垂直于导杆132的轴向的参考截面上的截面形状也可以因此为圆形。除此之外，相较于在圆柱状的第一杆部1321上直接加工形成凹坑1323，在非圆柱状的第一杆部1321上加工形成凹坑1323难度更低，这主要是因为条状台阶部1325可以提供一用于加工凹坑1323的平面，也即条状台阶部1325将第一杆部1321的周侧面由弧面转变为平面。此时，止位件1341弹性抵接在条状台阶部1325上，凹坑1323设置在条状台阶部1325上。
与图5或者图6所示的实施方式相同或者相似的是：在图8至图9所示的实施方式中，套管131既可以设置成具有一通孔的壳体结构，也可以包括第一壳体1313和与第一壳体1313连接的第二壳体1314，且第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314之间的分模面可以平行于套管131的轴线，例如前述分模面与前述轴线共面。其中，当套管131包括第一壳体1313和与第一壳体1313连接的第二壳体1314时，上述安装槽可以设置在第一壳体1313或者第二壳体1314上。
基于上述的相关描述，套管131可以与机芯壳体111连接，例如第一壳体1313和第二壳体1314分别作为机芯壳体111的一部分；导杆132可以与上述弹性金属丝连接，例如上述弹性金属丝部分嵌入第二杆部1322内，同样可以作为钩状结构12的一部分。
结合图10至图13，调节机构13可以包括主动件135和从动件136，从动件136与主动件135啮合，主动件135在用户施加的外力下绕预设轴线转动，并带动从动件136沿预设轴线移动。其中，机芯模组11和钩状结构12中的一者可以与主动件135连接，另一者可以与从动件136连接。如此，用户对主动件135施加外力，即可通过调节机构13使得钩状结构12和机芯模组11发生相对移动，从而调节机芯模组11在佩戴状态下与耳部的外耳道之间的相对位置。
在一些实施方式中，例如图10，调节机构13可以包括丝杠137，主动件135和从动件136分别套设在丝杠137上，主动件135与丝杠137通过第三螺纹副进行啮合，丝杠137与从动件135通过第四螺纹副进行啮合。其中，上述预设轴线可以为丝杠137的轴线。此时，主动件135可以设置成仅绕上述预设轴线相对于机芯模组11转动，从动件136可以设置成仅沿上述预设轴线相对于机芯模组11移动，钩状结构12可以设置成与从动件136保持相对位置不变。
在一些实施方式中，例如图11至图13，调节机构13可以包括固定件138和导向件1391，固定件138与主动件135通过第一螺纹副进行啮合，主动件135与从动件136通过第二螺纹副进行啮合，前述第一螺纹的旋向和前述第二螺纹的旋向相反，导向件1391套设在从动件136上，导向件1391的内轮廓和从动件136的外轮廓设置成相匹配的非圆形，前述非圆形可以为矩形、正方形、正六边形、椭圆形等规则形状或者其他非规则形状中的任意一者，以允许从动件136在主动件135的带动下沿上述预设轴线移动。其中，上述预设轴线可以为主动件135的轴线。如此，当用户对主动件135施加外力时，若主动件135沿上述预设轴线移动并靠近固定件138，则从动件136也同步沿上述预设轴线移动并靠近主动件135；反之，若主动件135沿上述预设轴线移动并远离固定件138，则从动件136也同步沿上述预设轴线移动并远离主动件135，从而极大地增大调节机构13的调节效率。此时，机芯模组11和钩状结构12中的一者可以设置成与固定件138和导向件1391保持相对位置不变，另一者可以设置成与从动件136保持相对位置不变。
作为示例性地，结合图11及图12，主动件135可以包括第一外螺纹部1351和与第一外螺纹部1351连接的内螺纹部1352，第一外螺纹部1351的外壁在垂直于上述预设轴线的参考截面上的横截面积小于内螺纹部1352的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积，也即内螺纹部1352较 第一外螺纹部1351更粗；从动件136可以包括第二外螺纹部1361和与第二外螺纹部1361连接的导向部1362，第二外螺纹部1361的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积小于导向部1362的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积，也即导向部1362较第二外螺纹部1361更粗。其中，第一外螺纹部1351与固定件138通过上述第一螺纹副进行啮合，第二外螺纹部1361与内螺纹部1352通过上述第二螺纹副进行啮合，导向部1362的外轮廓和导向件1391的内轮廓设置成相匹配的非圆形，导向件1391套设在导向部1362上。进一步地，主动件135和从动件136可以为结构相同的结构件。
作为示例性地，结合图13，主动件135可以包括第三外螺纹部1353、第四外螺纹部1354和过渡部1355，过渡部1355连接第三外螺纹部1353和第四外螺纹部1354，第三外螺纹部1353与固定件138通过上述第一螺纹副进行啮合，第四外螺纹部1354与从动件136通过上述第二螺纹副进行啮合。
进一步地，调节机构13可以包括转轮1392，转轮1392套设在主动件135(具体可以为内螺纹部1352或者过渡部1355)上，并用于代替主动件135接收用户施加的外力。其中，转轮1392的内轮廓和主动件135的外轮廓设置成相匹配的非圆形，前述非圆形可以为矩形、正方形、正六边形、椭圆形等规则形状或者其他非规则形状中的任意一者，以允许主动件135跟随转轮1392绕上述预设轴线转动，并允许主动件135沿上述预设轴线相对于转轮1392移动。换言之，当用户对转轮1392施加外力时，主动件135同步地绕上述预设轴线相对于固定件138转动和沿上述预设轴线相对于固定件138移动。
需要说明的是：在图13所示的实施方式中，过渡部1355的外壁在垂直于上述预设轴线的参考截面上的横截面积可以分别大于第三外螺纹部1353的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积和第四外螺纹部1354的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积，在固定件138和从动件136中的任意一者沿上述预设轴线抵接于过渡部1355时即可对调节机构13进行轴向限位；过渡部1355的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积也可以分别小于或者等于第三外螺纹部1353的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积和第四外螺纹部1354的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积，在固定件138和从动件136中的任意一者沿上述预设轴线抵接于转轮1392时即可对调节机构13进行轴向限位。
需要说明的是：在垂直于上述预设轴线的参考截面上，第一外螺纹部1351的外壁、内螺纹部1352的外壁、第二外螺纹部1361的外壁和导向部1362的外壁的横截面积可以分别指第一外螺纹部1351的外壁、内螺纹部1352的外壁、第二外螺纹部1361的外壁和导向部1362的外壁在前述参考截面上围成的封闭图形的面积。当然，由于第一外螺纹部1351的外壁和第二外螺纹部1361的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截形状一般为圆形，那么借助游标卡尺等工具即可相应地测得第一外螺纹部1351和第二外螺纹部1361的外径，进而计算得到相应的横截面积；由于内螺纹部1352的外壁和导向部1362的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截形状一般为正方形、正六边形等非圆形，那么借助游标卡尺等工具即可相应地测得内螺纹部1352和导向部1362的边长，进而计算得到相应的横截面积。类似地，过渡部1355的外壁、第三外螺纹部1353的外壁和第四外螺纹部1354的外壁在前述参考截面上的横截面积可以分别指过渡部1355的外壁、第三外螺纹部1353的外壁和第四外螺纹部1354的外壁在上述参考截面上围成的封闭图形的面积。
基于上述的相关描述，在图10所示的实施方式中，导向件1391可以与机芯壳体111连接；从动件136可以与上述弹性金属丝连接，例如上述弹性金属丝部分嵌入从动件136内；主动件135被机芯壳体111上两个沿上述预设轴线间隔设置的限位部夹持。在图11至图13任一所示的 实施方式中，固定件138和导向件1391可以分别与机芯壳体111连接；从动件136可以与上述弹性金属丝连接，例如上述弹性金属丝部分嵌入从动件136内；转轮1392被机芯壳体111上两个沿上述预设轴线间隔设置的限位部夹持。
以上所述仅为本申请的部分实施例，并非因此限制本申请的保护范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效装置或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种耳机，其特征在于，所述耳机包括机芯模组、钩状结构和调节机构，所述机芯模组用于接触用户的耳部的前侧，至少部分所述钩状结构用于挂设在所述耳部的后侧与用户的头部之间，所述调节机构连接所述机芯模组和所述钩状结构；其中，所述调节机构使得所述机芯模组在佩戴状态下至少覆盖所述耳部的耳甲腔的一部分且不堵住所述耳部的外耳道，以允许所述机芯模组与所述耳部的耳甲腔配合形成声学腔体，所述声学腔体连通所述机芯模组的出声孔和所述耳部的外耳道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构使得所述机芯模组相对于所述钩状结构具有4.5mm的调节量。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述机芯模组包括机芯壳体和换能装置，所述机芯壳体与所述调节机构连接，所述机芯壳体在佩戴状态下朝向所述耳部的内壁面设有所述出声孔，所述换能装置设置在所述机芯壳体内，所述换能装置产生的声波经由所述出声孔传播至所述耳机的外部；其中，在佩戴状态下，所述机芯壳体与所述耳部的耳甲腔配合形成所述声学腔体，所述出声孔至少部分位于所述声学腔体内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括套管和导杆，所述套管套设在所述导杆上，所述套管和所述导杆设置成在外力作用下相对移动，所述套管和所述导杆中的一者与所述机芯模组连接，另一者与所述钩状结构连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括阻尼件，所述阻尼件设置在所述导杆与所述套管之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述阻尼件设置成环状，在所述阻尼件装配至所述调节机构之前的自然状态下，所述导杆的外壁在垂直于所述导杆的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于所述阻尼件的内壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述套管包括彼此连通的第一管部和第二管部，所述第一管部的内壁在垂直于所述导杆的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于所述第二管部的内壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述导杆包括第一杆部和与所述第一杆部连接的第二杆部，所述第一杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积大于所述第二杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述第二杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的截面形状为非圆形，所述阻尼件和至少部分所述第一杆部位于所述第一管部内，所述第二杆部经由所述第二管部部分伸出所述套管外。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述套管包括第一壳体和与所述第一壳体连接的第二壳体，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间的分模面平行于所述套管的轴线。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括弹性组件，所述弹性组件沿不平行于所述导杆的轴向的方向伸入所述套管内，且弹性抵接在所述导杆上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述导杆上设有多个凹坑，多个所述凹坑沿所述导杆的轴向间隔设置，所述弹性组件包括止位件和弹性件，所述止位件支撑在所述弹性件上，所述止位件在所述弹性件的作用下弹性抵接在所述导杆上，所述套管和所述导杆在外力作用下相对移动的过程中，所述止位件部分伸入或者完全退出所述凹坑。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述凹坑用于引导所述止位件滑入或者滑 出的壁面设置成弧面。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述套管包括彼此连通的第一管部和第二管部，所述第一管部的内壁在垂直于所述导杆的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于所述第二管部的内壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述第一管部设有安装槽，所述弹性组件固定在所述安装槽内，所述导杆包括第一杆部和与所述第一杆部连接的第二杆部，所述第一杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积大于所述第二杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述第一杆部至少部分位于所述第一管部内，所述第二杆部经由所述第二管部部分伸出所述套管外，所述第一杆部包括柱状主体部和条状台阶部，所述条状台阶部使得所述第一杆部在所述参考截面上的截面形状为非圆形，所述止位件弹性抵接在所述条状台阶部上，所述凹坑设置在所述条状台阶部上。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述套管包括彼此连通的第一管部和第二管部，所述第一管部的内壁在垂直于所述导杆的轴向的参考截面上的横截面积大于所述第二管部的内壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述第一管部设有安装槽，所述弹性组件固定在所述安装槽内，所述导杆包括第一杆部和与所述第一杆部连接的第二杆部，所述第一杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积大于所述第二杆部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述第二杆部在所述参考截面上的截面形状为非圆形，至少部分所述第一杆部位于所述第一管部内，所述第二杆部经由所述第二管部部分伸出所述套管外，所述止位件弹性抵接在所述第一杆部上，所述凹坑设置在所述第一杆部上。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括主动件和从动件，所述从动件与所述主动件啮合，所述主动件在用户施加的外力下绕预设轴线转动，并带动所述从动件沿所述预设轴线移动，所述机芯模组和所述钩状结构中的一者与所述主动件连接，另一者与所述从动件连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括固定件和导向件，所述固定件与所述主动件通过第一螺纹副进行啮合，所述主动件与所述从动件通过第二螺纹副进行啮合，所述第一螺纹的旋向和所述第二螺纹的旋向相反，所述导向件套设在所述从动件上，所述导向件的内轮廓和所述从动件的外轮廓设置成相匹配的非圆形，以允许所述从动件在所述主动件的带动下沿所述预设轴线移动，所述机芯模组和所述钩状结构中的一者设置成与所述固定件和所述导向件保持相对位置不变，另一者设置成与所述从动件保持相对位置不变。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述主动件包括第一外螺纹部和与所述第一外螺纹部连接的内螺纹部，所述第一外螺纹部的外壁在垂直于所述预设轴线的参考截面上的横截面积小于所述内螺纹部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述从动件包括第二外螺纹部和所述第二外螺纹部连接的导向部，所述第二外螺纹部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积小于所述内螺纹部的外壁在所述参考截面上的横截面积，所述第一外螺纹部与所述固定件通过所述第一螺纹副进行啮合，所述第二外螺纹部与所述内螺纹部通过所述第二螺纹副进行啮合，所述导向部的外轮廓和所述导向件的内轮廓设置成相匹配的非圆形，所述导向件套设在所述导向部上。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述主动件包括第三外螺纹部、第四外螺纹部和过渡部，所述过渡部连接所述第三外螺纹部和所述第四外螺纹部，所述第三外螺纹部与所述固定件通过所述第一螺纹副进行啮合，所述第四外螺纹部与所述从动件通过所述第二螺纹 副进行啮合。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括转轮，所述转轮套设在所述主动件上，并用于接收用户施加的外力，所述转轮的内轮廓和所述主动件的外轮廓设置成相匹配的非圆形，以允许所述主动件跟随所述转轮绕所述预设轴线转动，并允许所述主动件沿所述预设轴线相对于所述转轮移动。
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其特征在于，所述调节机构包括丝杠，所述主动件和所述从动件分别套设在所述丝杠上，所述主动件与所述丝杠通过第三螺纹副进行啮合，所述丝杠与所述从动件通过第四螺纹副进行啮合。
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