WO2024109457A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024109457A1
WO2024109457A1 PCT/CN2023/127611 CN2023127611W WO2024109457A1 WO 2024109457 A1 WO2024109457 A1 WO 2024109457A1 CN 2023127611 W CN2023127611 W CN 2023127611W WO 2024109457 A1 WO2024109457 A1 WO 2024109457A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user field
user
communication device
indication information
field
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PCT/CN2023/127611
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
阮卫
王丹
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP23893548.0A priority Critical patent/EP4604429A4/en
Publication of WO2024109457A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024109457A1/zh
Priority to US19/217,185 priority patent/US20250286939A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0025—Transmission of mode-switching indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0028—Formatting
    • H04L1/0029—Reduction of the amount of signalling, e.g. retention of useful signalling or differential signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0028—Formatting
    • H04L1/0031—Multiple signaling transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of wireless fidelity (WIFI) technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • WIFI wireless fidelity
  • WIFI wireless fidelity
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device to implement communication between two communication devices in a WIFI communication system.
  • a communication method comprising: receiving a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from a first communication device, wherein the signaling field of the PPDU comprises a first user field and a second user field, the first user field comprises a user identifier, the user identifier matches the user identifier of the second communication device, the second user field comprises a first sequence and indication information of multiple modulation and coding schemes MCS of the second communication device, the first sequence is used to indicate that the second user field is an extension of the first user field; according to the first user field and the second user field, the data carried in the PPDU is demodulated.
  • the second user field comprises at least one user field.
  • the second user field comprises at least one user field.
  • the second user field in the signaling field of the PPDU includes indication information of multiple MCSs of the second communication device.
  • the overhead of the user field in the PPDU can be reduced and the transmission efficiency of data information can be improved.
  • the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of the second communication device, including: the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of multiple spatial streams of the second communication device, or indication information of multiple MCSs of sub-resource units of multiple resource units MRUs of the second communication device.
  • each spatial stream or each sub-resource unit corresponds to an MCS.
  • N MCS indication information is required.
  • N user fields are required to indicate the indication information of the N MCSs.
  • the second user field can indicate the indication information of multiple MCSs, and less than N user fields can be used to indicate M MCSs, thereby reducing the overhead of the user field in the PPDU.
  • the multiple spatial streams or multiple sub-resource units of the second communication device are divided into K groups, K is a positive integer greater than 1, the MCS of each group of spatial streams or each group of sub-resource units is the same, and K groups of spatial streams or K groups of sub-resource units correspond to K MCSs.
  • the first user field also includes indication information of the number of groups K.
  • the first user field or the second user field also includes indication information of the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams in the K groups of spatial streams, or includes indication information of the number of sub-resource units included in each group of sub-resource units in the K groups of sub-resource units.
  • the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of multiple spatial streams or multiple sub-resource units of the second communication device, specifically: the second user field includes indication information of K MCSs of the K groups of spatial streams, or indication information of K MCSs of the K groups of sub-resource units.
  • spatial streams or resource units with similar signal-to-noise ratios can be grouped into one group, and one group corresponds to one MCS.
  • the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of the second communication device, including:
  • the second user field includes at least indication information of multiple MCSs of multiple spatial streams in a sub-resource unit in the MRU of the second communication device.
  • the MRU of the second communication device includes at least one sub-resource unit (sub-RU).
  • each sub-resource unit corresponds to an MCS.
  • the MCS corresponding to each spatial stream in the multiple spatial streams corresponding to each sub-resource unit can be further indicated.
  • the MRU of the second communication device includes sub-resource unit 1 and sub-resource unit 2.
  • Sub-resource unit 1 corresponds to spatial stream 1 and spatial stream 2
  • sub-resource unit 2 corresponds to spatial stream 3 and spatial stream 4.
  • MCS1 of spatial stream 1 of sub-resource unit 1 and MCS2 of spatial stream 2 can be indicated respectively.
  • the MCS of each spatial stream is indicated separately with the sub-resource unit as the granularity, thereby improving the accuracy of indicating the MCS.
  • the multiple MCSs include a first MCS
  • the first user field also includes first indication information of the first MCS
  • the second user field also includes second indication information of the first MCS
  • the first indication information and the second indication information are jointly used to indicate the first MCS.
  • the first user field may include a reserved position, which does not transmit any information with substantive meaning.
  • the reserved position can be used to transmit part of the MCS information (i.e., the first indication information), and the second user field only needs to transmit another part of the MCS information (i.e., the second indication information), thereby improving the utilization rate of the first user field.
  • the process of determining a first user field and a second user field includes: determining, in a signaling field of the PPDU, a first user field whose user identifier matches a user identifier of the second communication device; and determining, in the signaling field of the PPDU based on the first sequence and a position of the first user field, a second user field.
  • the first user field and the second user field can be continuous user fields, and the user field of the second communication device can be matched according to the user identifier of the first user field, and then the second user field can be determined according to the position of the first user field and the identifier of the first sequence.
  • the number of the second user field can be one or more user fields.
  • a communication method is provided, which is a method on the opposite side of the method in the first aspect.
  • the beneficial effects can be found in the first aspect and will not be repeated.
  • the execution subject of the method is a first communication device, the first communication device is an AP, or a chip, chip system or circuit applied in an AP, or the first communication device is an STA, or a chip, chip system or circuit applied in a STA, and the method includes: generating a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU; sending the PPDU to a second communication device, the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and a second user field, the first user field includes a user identifier, the user identifier matches the user identifier of the second communication device, the second user field includes a first sequence and indication information of multiple modulation and coding schemes MCS of the second communication device, and the first sequence is used to indicate that the second user field is an extension of the first user field.
  • the second user field includes at least one user field.
  • the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of the second communication device, including: the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of multiple spatial streams of the second communication device, or indication information of multiple MCSs of sub-resource units of multiple resource units MRUs of the second communication device.
  • the multiple spatial streams or multiple sub-resource units of the second communication device are divided into K groups, K is a positive integer greater than 1, the MCS of each group of spatial streams or each group of sub-resource units is the same, and K groups of spatial streams or K groups of sub-resource units correspond to K MCSs.
  • the first user field also includes indication information of the number of groups K.
  • the first user field or the second user field also includes indication information of the number of spatial streams included in each of the K groups of spatial streams, or includes indication information of the number of sub-resource units included in each of the K groups of sub-resource units.
  • the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of multiple spatial streams or multiple sub-resource units of the second communication device, including: the second user field includes indication information of K MCSs of the K groups of spatial streams, or indication information of K MCSs of the K groups of sub-resource units.
  • the second user field includes indication information of multiple MCSs of the second communication device, including: the second user field includes at least indication information of multiple MCSs of multiple spatial streams of a sub-resource unit in the MRU of the second communication device.
  • the first user field and the second user field are consecutive user fields.
  • the multiple MCSs include a first MCS
  • the first user field also includes first indication information of the first MCS
  • the second user field also includes second indication information of the first MCS
  • the first indication information and the second indication information are jointly used to indicate the first MCS.
  • a device which includes a unit or module corresponding to executing the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • the unit or module can be implemented by hardware circuit, or by software, or by a combination of hardware circuit and software.
  • a device comprising a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the processor is used to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit and execute the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the processor comprises one or more.
  • a device comprising a processor coupled to a memory, the processor being configured to execute a program stored in the memory to execute the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the memory may be located inside the device or outside the device.
  • the processor may be one or more.
  • a device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the device is running, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory so that the device executes the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect above.
  • a chip system comprising: a processor or a circuit for executing the method described in the first or second aspect above.
  • a computer-readable storage medium wherein instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a communication device, the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect is executed.
  • a computer program product which includes a computer program or instructions.
  • the computer program or instructions are executed by a device, the method described in the first or second aspect above is executed.
  • a system comprising a second communication device for executing the method of the first aspect and a first communication device for executing the method of the second aspect.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of unified modulation of spatial streams provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of independent modulation of spatial streams provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the EHT MU PPDU frame format provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is another schematic diagram of the EHT MU PPDU frame format provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a PPDU frame format in a SU-MIMO scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a PPDU frame format in a MU-MIMO scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a PPDU frame format in a SU-MIMO scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a PPDU frame format in a MU-MIMO scenario provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a PPDU frame format provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is another schematic diagram of the device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic diagram of the device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • IEEE 802.11 series protocols currently used by WLANs.
  • a WLAN may include one or more basic service sets (BSSs), and the network nodes in the basic service set include access points (APs) and stations (STAs).
  • IEEE 802.11ad introduces personal basic service sets (PBSSs) and personal basic service set control nodes (PBSS control points, PCPs) based on the original BSSs.
  • PBSSs personal basic service sets
  • PCPs personal basic service set control nodes
  • Each personal basic service set may include an AP/PCP and multiple non-APs/PCPs associated with the AP/PCP.
  • non-APs/PCPs may be referred to as STAs
  • PCPs may be understood as the name of the role of APs in PBSSs.
  • the embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to wireless local area networks such as the Internet of Things (IoT) network or the Vehicle to X (V2X) network.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • V2X Vehicle to X
  • the embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to other possible communication systems, such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication system, the LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) communication system, the LTE time division duplex (TDD) communication system, the universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), the worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, the first Fifth generation (5G) communication system and future evolved communication systems, etc.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G Fifth generation
  • future evolved communication systems etc.
  • FIG1 a network architecture diagram of a WLAN applicable to the application embodiment is shown, and FIG1 takes the WLAN including 1 AP and 2 STAs as an example.
  • the STA associated with the AP can receive wireless frames sent by the AP and can also send wireless frames to the AP.
  • the embodiment of the present application will be described by taking the communication between AP and STA as an example. It can be understood that the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to communication between APs, for example, each AP can communicate with each other through a distributed system (DS), and can also be applied to communication between STAs.
  • DS distributed system
  • AP can be an access point for terminal devices (such as mobile phones) to enter wired (or wireless) networks. It is mainly deployed in homes, buildings and parks, with a typical coverage radius of tens to hundreds of meters. Of course, it can also be deployed outdoors. AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting wired networks and wireless networks. Its main function is to connect various wireless network clients together and then connect the wireless network to Ethernet.
  • AP can be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) with a wireless fidelity (WIFI) chip, etc., without limitation.
  • WIFI wireless fidelity
  • AP can be a device that supports the 802.11be standard, or it can also be a device that supports multiple WLAN standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11ax, 802.11ay, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a and 802.11be next generation.
  • STA can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor or a wireless communication terminal, etc., and can also be called a user.
  • STA can be a mobile phone that supports WIFI communication function, a tablet computer that supports WIFI communication function, a set-top box that supports WIFI communication function, a smart TV that supports WIFI communication function, a smart wearable device that supports WIFI communication function, a vehicle-mounted communication device that supports WIFI communication function, and a computer that supports WIFI communication function, etc.
  • STA can support the 802.11be standard, or can also support multiple WLAN standards of the 802.11 family such as 802.11ax, 802.11ay, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11be next generation.
  • the APs and STAs involved in FIG. 1 may be communication devices with dual-mode communication functions, that is, communication devices with low-frequency (LF) band (or channel or link) communication mode and high-frequency (HF) band communication mode.
  • LF low-frequency
  • HF high-frequency
  • low-frequency bands include, for example, sub 1 GHz, 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc.
  • high-frequency bands include, for example, 45 GHz, 60 GHz, etc., without limitation.
  • MCS modulation and coding schemes
  • a receiving end e.g., a second communication device
  • MCS modulation and coding schemes
  • each user segment of a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) received by the second communication device from the first communication device (transmitter) indicates an MCS, and the overhead of the MCS indication in the PPDU is relatively high.
  • PPDU physical layer protocol data unit
  • the second communication device receives a PPDU from the first communication device, the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and a second user field, the first user field includes a user identifier, the user identifier matches the user identifier of the second communication device, the second user field includes a first sequence and indication information of at least one MCS of the second communication device, the first sequence is used to indicate that the second user field is an extension of the first user field; the second communication device demodulates the data carried in the PPDU according to the first user field and the second user field.
  • the MCS overhead of the PPDU can be reduced and the transmission efficiency of data information can be improved.
  • the second user field includes indication information of at least one MCS of at least one spatial stream of the second communication device.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • 802.11n multiple-input multiple-output
  • MIMO technology is supported in 802.11ac, 802.11ax and 802.11be.
  • MIMO technology can form multiple independent transmission channels through joint processing of the transmitter and receiver to improve channel capacity.
  • 802.11n supports MIMO of up to 4 space-time streams, and each space-time stream can use a different modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to adapt to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of different space-time streams. This method is called unbalanced modulation.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • 802.11ac and 802.11ax support up to 8 space-time streams, but do not consider that different space-time streams can use different MCSs.
  • 802.11be further increases the maximum number of space-time streams supported to 16.
  • space-time streams consider different spatial streams and space block coding (STBC) in the time dimension.
  • spatial streams contain two meanings, one is spatial streams, and the other is STBC in the time dimension.
  • STBC space block coding
  • space-time streams can also be called spatial streams.
  • the 802.11be standard stipulates that STBC is not used. Therefore, in 802.11be, space-time streams can also be called spatial streams.
  • the processing process of the transmitting end includes:
  • An encoder which is used to encode the payload
  • the stream parser is used to divide the encoded data stream into multiple spatial streams.
  • the encoded data stream is divided into four spatial streams as an example, and the four spatial streams are represented as SS0 to SS3.
  • Quadrature amplitude modulation is used to modulate the spatial stream.
  • the QAM modulation process includes the process of performing MCS on the spatial stream. In Figure 2, the same MCS is used for all spatial streams.
  • Spatial mapping is used to map the modulated spatial stream to the transmit antenna.
  • a modulated spatial stream can be mapped to one or more transmit antennas without restriction.
  • Inverse fast Fourier transformation iFFT is used to convert frequency domain signals to time domain signals.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • DFE digital front end
  • Radio frequency (RF) is used to convert digital signals into analog signals, which are then sent to the receiver via the antenna.
  • the transmitting end may select an MCS that can successfully decode all spatial streams and modulate the spatial streams, so that the transmission rate of the data information of the spatial stream is not high. Therefore, in the protocol 802.11n, a design of using different MSCs for different spatial streams is proposed.
  • all spatial streams are uniformly coded, but use different modulation schemes.
  • four spatial streams, SS0 to SS3, use different modulation schemes.
  • the modulation scheme of SS0 is represented as QAM0, and the MCS scheme included in QAM0 can be called MSC0.
  • MCS0 the MCS scheme used by spatial stream SS0
  • MCS1 to MCS3 the MCS schemes of spatial streams SS1 to SS3 can be called MCS1 to MCS3, respectively.
  • EHT MU PPDU The extreme high throughput multiple user physical layer protocol data unit (EHT MU PPDU) is defined in 802.11be.
  • EHT MU PPDU is a format of EHT PPDU.
  • EHT is the standard name of 802.11be, MU means multi-user, but EHT MU PPDU can support single-user and multi-user data transmission without restriction.
  • PPDU means physical layer data packet.
  • EHT MU PPDU includes a preamble part, a data field, and a packet extension (PE) field.
  • PE packet extension
  • the preamble part includes: 1) legacy short training field (L-STF) and legacy long training field (L-LTF) for automatic gain control (AGC) and synchronization; 2) legacy signaling field (L-SIG), repeated legacy signaling field (RL-SIG) and universal signaling (U-SIG) field for signaling interaction and frame format decision; 3) extreme high throughput multiple-short training field (EHT-STF) for automatic gain control; 4) extreme high throughput multiple-long training field (EHT-LTF) for channel estimation.
  • L-STF legacy short training field
  • L-LTF legacy long training field
  • EHT-STF extreme high throughput multiple-short training field
  • EHT-LTF extreme high throughput multiple-long training field
  • the U-SIG field in the preamble part may exist in the PPDU in the 802.11be standard and the subsequent 802.11 series standards.
  • the U-SIG field can be used to indicate that the PPDU is an EHT PPDU or a PPDU in the 802.11 series standards subsequent to 802.11be.
  • an extreme high throughput, multiple-signal (EHT-SIG) field may also exist after the U-SIG field.
  • the U-SIG field and the EHT-SIG field carry signaling information for demodulating the data carried in the data field.
  • each spatial stream occupies a user field.
  • the EHT-SIG field of the EHT MU PPDU includes multiple user fields, each user field indicating the MCS of a spatial stream.
  • Each user field includes STA identity document (ID), MCS, reserved part, total number of spatial streams NSS of the current user, whether beamforming (Beamformed), and coding subfields.
  • STA ID is used to indicate the identity of the STA to which the user field belongs.
  • STA receives the EHT MU PPDU it can use
  • the STA uses the STA ID assigned by the AP to query its own user field, and uses the signaling information in the queried user field to demodulate its own data information in the data field.
  • the AP can assign an identifier to the STA through signaling negotiation, which can be called a STA ID.
  • the AP can assign one identifier or multiple associated identifiers to each STA without restriction. Taking the example of AP assigning multiple associated identifiers to each STA, the multiple identifiers can be represented as: STA ID-a, STA ID-b, and STA ID-c.
  • MCS is used to indicate the MCS of a spatial stream.
  • the reserved part is reserved in the user field and does not transmit any meaningful information.
  • the total number of spatial streams of the user is used to indicate the total number of spatial streams allocated to the STA corresponding to the STA ID.
  • Coding used to indicate the coding method used by the AP to send data to the STA.
  • each STA is assigned multiple spatial streams, and the multiple spatial streams use different MCSs.
  • multiple user fields need to be configured for each STA, each user field indicates a spatial stream, and specifically, the MCS in each user field is used to indicate the MCS of a spatial stream. For example, if a STA is assigned 3 spatial streams, then in the design of FIG5 , the STA needs to occupy 3 user fields in the EHT-SIG field of the EHT MU PPDU, and the MCSs of the 3 user fields are used to indicate the MCSs of the 3 spatial streams, respectively.
  • each spatial stream occupies a user field separately. When the number of spatial streams is large, the number of user fields in the EHT MU PPDU is large, resulting in large signaling overhead in the EHT MU PPDU and low data transmission efficiency.
  • the design of the user field is modified so that at least one user field among multiple user fields belonging to the same user has the ability to indicate multiple MCSs, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of the PPDU and improving data transmission efficiency.
  • FIG6 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the flow may include:
  • Step 601 The second communication device receives a PPDU from the first communication device.
  • the PPDU may be an EHT MU PPDU in 802.11be, or may be other PPDUs defined in the 802.11 series of standards, etc., without limitation.
  • the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and a second user field.
  • the signaling field may be an EHT-SIG field in 802.11be, or may be other signaling fields defined in the 802.11 series of standards, etc., without limitation.
  • the first user field includes a user identifier, and the user identifier is matched with a user identifier of the second communication device. Taking the first communication device as an AP and the second communication device as an STA as an example, the user identifier may be a STA ID.
  • the second user field includes a first sequence
  • the first sequence is used to indicate that the second user field is an extension of the first user field, or indicates that the second user field and the aforementioned first user field belong to the same user, and the second user field is an extension of the aforementioned first user field in length, etc.
  • the first sequence may also be referred to as a special sequence.
  • the first sequence has the same length as the user identifier, and both may be 11 bits.
  • the length of the first sequence may be smaller than the length of the user identifier, and the first sequence may be used to replace the traditional user identifier carried in the user field, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of the user field.
  • the first sequence may be 2044.
  • the first user field includes one user field
  • the second user field may include at least one user field.
  • the first user field and the second user field are continuous user fields.
  • the number of second user fields is related to the number of MCSs of the receiving end (second communication device).
  • the receiving end has only one second communication device, and the data carried in the data field in the PPDU are all sent to the second communication device.
  • the second communication device corresponds to 7 spatial streams, each spatial stream is modulated independently, and the 7 spatial streams correspond to 7 MCSs.
  • the first user field and the second user field need to include indication information of 7 MCSs.
  • the first user field includes indication information of 1 MCS out of 7 MCSs.
  • the second user field includes indication information of 6 MCSs out of 7 MCSs.
  • each second user field indicates a maximum of 3 MCSs, and 2 second user fields are required to indicate 6 MCSs.
  • the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and two second user fields, the number of the second user fields is 2, or it is described that the second user field includes two user fields.
  • the first user field includes indication information of one MCS
  • the two user fields included in the second user field respectively include indication information of three MCSs.
  • the design of the first user field is not improved, and the design of the second user field is improved.
  • the first user field can use the design of the user field in Figure 5 above.
  • the first user field includes STA ID, MCS, reserved part, the total number of spatial streams NSS of the current user, whether beamforming is performed, and coding information.
  • the STA-ID in Figure 5 is changed to: the first sequence, and the second user field no longer includes the reserved part, NSS, whether beamforming is performed, and coding information
  • the second user field is designed to indicate the MCS of the spatial stream of the receiving end (i.e., the second communication device).
  • the second communication device corresponds to 4 spatial streams
  • the first user field may include indication information of the MCS corresponding to one of the 4 spatial streams
  • the second user field may include indication information of the MCS of the other 3 spatial streams among the 4 spatial streams except the above spatial stream, etc.
  • the first user field includes a reserved portion, which does not transmit any information with actual meaning.
  • the reserved portion can be used to transmit partial indication information of an MCS (which can be called the first indication information of the MSC).
  • the second user field includes the remaining indication information of the MCS (which can be called the second indication information of the MCS).
  • the first indication information and the second indication information are used together to indicate the MCS.
  • the reserved portion of the first user field includes 1 bit, and each MCS requires 4 bits of indication information.
  • the reserved portion of the first user field can indicate 1 bit of indication information of an MCS, and the second user field can include the remaining 3 bits of indication information of the MCS.
  • the reserved portion of the first user field is used to transmit partial indication information of the MCS, thereby improving the utilization rate of the reserved portion of the first user field.
  • the PPDU includes an L-STF field, an L-LTF field, an L-SIG field, an RL-SIG field, a U-SIG field, an EHT-SIG field, an EHT-STF field, an EHT-LTF field, a data field, and a PE field.
  • the EHT-SIG field is a specific example of the signaling field in FIG6, including:
  • the same receiving end is allocated with multiple continuous user fields.
  • the first user field at the front can be sorted in order, and can be called user field 1.
  • the user fields adjacent to user field 1 and located behind user field 1 can be called second user field 2 and user field 3.
  • User field 1 is an example of the first user field in the aforementioned process of FIG. 6.
  • User field 2 and user field 3 are an example of the second user field in the aforementioned process of FIG. 6 including two user fields.
  • user field 1 includes: STA ID, indication information of MCS1, NSS, whether beamforming (Beamformed), coding (Coding), indication information of MCS2-1, etc.
  • User field 2 includes indication information of the first sequence (2044), MCS2-2, MCS3 and MCS4, etc.
  • User field 3 includes indication information of the first sequence (2044), MCS5 and MCS6.
  • each user field indicates a spatial stream, and the above 6 spatial streams need to be allocated 6 user fields to indicate the corresponding MCS.
  • the design of the embodiment of the present application reduces the overhead of the signaling field in the PPDU and improves the transmission efficiency of data information.
  • 22 bits are allocated to each user field, and 4 bits are required for each MCS to be indicated.
  • the design of user field 1 mostly follows the design of user field 1 in FIG. 5 .
  • the difference with respect to user field 1 in FIG. 5 is that 1 bit of the reserved part in user field 1 in FIG. 5 is used to indicate MCS2-1.
  • 3 bits are allocated in user field 2 to indicate MCS2-2. 1 bit of MCS2-1 and 3 bits of MCS2-2 are used together to indicate MCS2.
  • the first sequence i.e., 2044 occupies 11 bits.
  • the remaining 8 bits can indicate 2 MCSs, which are MCS3 and MCS4 in the design of FIG. 7 .
  • the remaining 11 bits can indicate two MCSs, which are MCS5 and MCS6 in the design of FIG7.
  • the remaining 3 bits of the user field 3 can be reserved without transmitting any information, or the remaining 3 bits can be filled with preset or fixed data, etc., without restriction.
  • the design of the EHT-SIG field for the PPDU is sent to multiple receiving ends. Each receiving end is allocated multiple consecutive user fields.
  • each receiving end When each receiving end receives the PPDU, it can query the user field that matches the user identifier of the receiving end in the STA-ID of the user field in the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU; determine whether the identifier of the next adjacent user field of the user field that matches the queried user identifier is the first sequence (for example, 2044); if it is the first sequence, it is considered that the next user field of the matching user field also belongs to the current receiving end; if it is not the first sequence, it is considered that the process of searching for the user field by the current receiving end is over.
  • the first sequence for example, 2044
  • the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU includes user field 1 and user field 2 as an example, and the user field 1 and user field 2 belong to the same receiving end. It can be understood that in the MU-MIMO scenario, the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU may include user fields of other receiving ends in addition to the user field of the current receiving end, without limitation.
  • user field 1 includes STA ID, MCS1, coding, and spatial stream allocation.
  • STA ID is the user identifier of the current receiving end
  • MCS1 is used to indicate the MCS of one of the multiple spatial streams of the current receiving end
  • coding is used to indicate the coding scheme for the data information of the current receiving end
  • spatial stream allocation is used to indicate the number of spatial streams allocated to the current user.
  • User field 2 includes indication information such as the first sequence (2044), MCS2 and MCS3. The first sequence is used to indicate that user field 2 is an extension of user field 1, and user field 2 and user field 1 belong to the same receiving end user.
  • MCS2 and MCS3 are used to indicate MCS2 and MCS3 corresponding to the two spatial streams of the current receiving end.
  • the receiving end user is allocated 3 spatial streams, and in the scheme where each spatial stream is independently modulated, in the design where one MCS is indicated in each user segment, the 3 MCSs of the above 3 spatial streams need to occupy 3 user fields.
  • the 3 MCSs of the 3 spatial streams occupy 2 user fields, that is, in the embodiment of the present application, 2 user fields can be used to indicate the 3 spatial streams of the receiving end user, which reduces the overhead of the signaling field in the PPDU and improves the data transmission efficiency in the PPDU.
  • each user field may occupy 22 bits.
  • the first sequence (2044) occupies 11 bits
  • MCS2 and MSC3 each occupy 4 bits
  • 3 bits remain in the 22 bits of user field 2.
  • the remaining 3 bits can be used to indicate part of the information of MCS4, which can be described as MCS4-1.
  • the remaining 1 bit of indication information of MCS4 can be indicated in user field 3.
  • User field 3 is not described in the schematic diagram of FIG8 .
  • user field 1 in the EHT-SIG field is an example of the first user field in the process of FIG6.
  • User field 2 is an example of the second user field in the process of FIG6, that is, in the design of FIG8, the first user field in the process of FIG6 includes user field 1 in the process of FIG8, and the second user field in the process of FIG6 includes user field 2 in the process of FIG8, etc.
  • the second user field in the process of FIG6, in addition to user field 2 in the process of FIG8, may also include: user field 3, the design of which can refer to user field 2 and will not be repeated.
  • the overhead of the signaling field in the PPDU can be further reduced by grouping the spatial streams, and the MCS of the spatial streams in the same group is the same.
  • the multiple spatial streams of the receiving end can be divided into K groups, K is a positive integer greater than 1, the MCS of each group of spatial streams is the same, and the K groups of spatial streams correspond to K MCSs.
  • the above-mentioned second user field includes the indication information of the multiple MCSs of the multiple spatial streams of the second communication device, specifically: the second user field includes the indication information of the K MCSs of the K groups of spatial streams.
  • the first user field may include indication information of the number of groups K and indication information of the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams. That is, in addition to the user identifier, the first user field also includes indication information of the number of groups K and indication information of the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams.
  • the EHT-SIG field is a specific example of the signaling field in FIG. 6 , including:
  • the same receiving end is allocated with multiple continuous user fields.
  • the first user field at the front in order of sorting, can be called user field 1.
  • the user fields adjacent to user field 1 and located behind user field 1 can be called user field 2 and user field 3.
  • User field 1 is an example of the first user field in the aforementioned process of FIG. 6.
  • User field 2 and user field 3 are examples of the second user field in the aforementioned process of FIG. 6. That is, the first user field in the process of FIG. 6 may include user field 1 in the process of FIG. 9, and the second user field in the process of FIG. 6 may include user field 2 and user field 3 in the process of FIG. 9.
  • the multiple spatial streams corresponding to the receiving end are divided into K groups, each group of spatial streams includes at least one spatial stream, and the MCS corresponding to at least one spatial stream included in a group of spatial streams is the same, that is, each group of spatial streams corresponds to one MCS.
  • K groups of spatial streams correspond to K MCSs, and the K MCSs need to be indicated in the user field of the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU.
  • the multiple spatial streams of the receiving end are divided into 4 groups, that is, the value of K is 4 for illustration.
  • user field 1 includes STA ID, number of spatial stream groups K, spatial stream grouping, whether beamforming and coding are performed, and other indication information.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K is used to indicate the number of groups of all spatial streams of the current receiving end.
  • the spatial stream grouping may indicate the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams in the K groups of spatial streams, etc.
  • the spatial stream grouping may also be used to indicate the total number of spatial streams of the current receiving end, etc.
  • the spatial stream grouping may separately indicate the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams, and/or the total number of spatial streams of the receiving end, and other information.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K and the spatial stream grouping may jointly indicate the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams, and/or the total number of spatial streams of the receiving end, and other information.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K and the spatial stream grouping jointly indicate the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams and/or the total number of spatial streams at the receiving end, and the spatial stream grouping occupies 6 bits as an example.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K indicates When the spatial stream grouping number K indicates that the spatial streams of the receiving end are divided into 2 groups, the value of K is 2, and the spatial stream grouping is 000000, it indicates that the spatial streams of the receiving end are divided into 2 groups, the number of spatial streams in group 1 includes 1 spatial stream, the number of spatial streams in group 2 includes 1 spatial stream, and the total number of spatial streams of the receiving end is 2.
  • the spatial stream grouping number K indicates that the spatial streams of the receiving end are divided into 2 groups, and the spatial stream grouping is 000110, it indicates that the spatial streams of the receiving end are divided into 2 groups, the number of spatial streams in group 1 includes 4 spatial streams, the number of spatial streams in group 2 includes 2 spatial streams, and the total number of spatial streams of the receiving end is 6.
  • the spatial stream grouping is 000000-000011, which is specifically expressed as follows: when the spatial stream grouping is 000000, the number of spatial streams in group 1 is 1, the number of spatial streams in group 2 is 1, and the total number of spatial streams is 2. When the spatial stream grouping is 000001, the number of spatial streams in group 1 is 2, the number of spatial streams in group 2 is 1, and the total number of spatial streams is 3. When the spatial stream grouping is 000010, the number of spatial streams in group 1 is 3, the number of spatial streams in group 2 is 1, and the total number of spatial streams is 4. When the spatial stream grouping is 000011, the number of spatial streams in group 1 is 4, the number of spatial streams in group 2 is 1, and the total number of spatial streams is 5.
  • user field 2 and user field 3 no longer include indication information such as STA ID, number of spatial stream groups K, spatial stream groups, whether beamforming and coding, etc.
  • User field 2 or user field 3 includes indication information of the first sequence (2044) and the MCS of multiple groups of spatial streams.
  • each user field occupies 22 bits, and the first sequence in user field 2 or user field 3 occupies 11 bits. In user field 2 or user field 3, 11 bits are left in addition to the 11 bits of the first sequence.
  • Each MCS occupies 4 bits.
  • the 11 bits can be used to indicate MCS1 of group 1 spatial stream and MCS2 of group 2 spatial stream. At this time, there are 3 bits left in user field 2.
  • the 3 bits can indicate part of the information of MCS3 of group 3 spatial stream (which can be called the first indication information that user field 2 includes MSC3), which is represented as MCS3-1 in the schematic diagram of FIG. 9 .
  • MCS3 1 bit is allocated to indicate another part of the information of MCS3 of group 3 spatial stream (which can be called the second indication information that user field 3 includes MCS3), which is represented as MCS3-2 in the schematic diagram of FIG. 9 .
  • MCS3-1 and MCS3-2 are used together to indicate MCS3.
  • the spatial streams of the receiving end are divided into 4 groups, and the 4 groups of spatial streams correspond to 4 MCSs. Therefore, in user field 3, in addition to the indication information of the first sequence (2044) and MCS3-2, the indication information of MCS4 of group 4 spatial streams is also included.
  • the first user field includes indication information of the number of groups K
  • the second user field also includes indication information of the number of spatial streams included in each group of K groups of spatial streams. That is, in addition to the user identifier, the first user field also includes indication information of the number of groups K.
  • the second user field also includes indication information of the number of spatial streams included in each group of spatial streams, etc.
  • the EHT-SIG field is a specific example of the signaling field in FIG. 6 , including:
  • the design of the user field in the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU in the MU-MIMO scenario of FIG. 10 is similar to the design of the user field in the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU in the SU-MIMO scenario of FIG. 9 , except that: in the MU-MIMO scenario, since the PPDU is sent to multiple receiving end users, it is necessary to indicate the spatial stream allocation in the user field 1, which refers to the spatial stream allocated to the receiving end of the user field 1 among all the spatial streams of the transmitting end. At this time, in the user field 1, it may no longer support indicating the spatial stream grouping. In the design of FIG. 10 , the spatial stream grouping is set to be indicated in the user field 2.
  • user field 1 includes indication information such as STA ID, number of spatial stream groups K, coding, and spatial stream allocation.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K is used to indicate that the spatial streams of the current receiving end user are divided into K groups of spatial streams, and the spatial stream allocation is used to indicate the spatial streams allocated to the current receiving end among the multiple spatial streams of the transmitting end.
  • User field 2 includes a first sequence (2044), spatial stream grouping, MCS1 of group 1 spatial stream, and MCS2-1 of group 2 spatial stream (which may be referred to as the first indication information of MCS2).
  • User field 3 includes a first sequence (2044), MCS2-2 of group 2 spatial stream (which may be referred to as the second indication information of MCS2), and MCS3 of group 3 spatial stream.
  • the user field 1 in the design of FIG. 10 is an example of the first user field in the process of FIG. 6, or it is described that in the design of FIG. 10, the first user field in the process of FIG. 6 includes the user field 1.
  • the user field 2 and the user field 3 in the design of FIG. 10 are an example of the second user field in the process of FIG. 6, or it is described that in the design of FIG. 10, the second user field in the process of FIG. 6 includes the user field 2 and the user field 3.
  • the second user field includes one or more user fields, and the design of the second user field may not be exactly the same.
  • the designs of the user field 2 and the user field 3 are not the same.
  • the user field 2 in addition to the indication information of the first sequence and MCS, it also includes information such as spatial stream grouping.
  • the indication information of the first sequence and MCS is included, and the information such as spatial stream grouping is not included.
  • each user field occupies 22 bits.
  • the first sequence occupies 11 bits
  • the spatial stream grouping occupies 6 bits
  • 4 bits are used to indicate MCS1 of group 1 spatial stream
  • 1 bit is used to indicate MCS2 of a portion of group 2 spatial stream (in FIG10 , represented as MCS2-1).
  • the first sequence occupies 11 bits, of the remaining 11 bits of the user field 3
  • 3 bits are used to indicate MCS2 of a part of the spatial stream of group 2 (in FIG. 10 , indicated as MCS2-2)
  • 4 bits are used to indicate MCS3 of the spatial stream of group 3.
  • the remaining 4 bits of the user field 3 may be reserved and not used to transmit any information, or may be filled with fixed data and not transmit any information having substantial meaning, etc., without limitation.
  • user field 1 , user field 2 , and user field 3 are consecutive user fields allocated to the same receiving user.
  • the PPDU received by the second communication device is sent to one receiving end in the SU-MIMO scenario.
  • the user fields in the signaling field of the PPDU all belong to one receiving end.
  • the receiving end such as the second communication device, obtains the signaling information in the user field in the signaling field, and uses the signaling information to demodulate the data carried in the PPDU.
  • the PPDU is sent to multiple receiving ends.
  • the second communication device determines the first user field whose user identifier matches the user identifier of the second communication device in the signaling field of the PPDU; and determines the second user field in the signaling field of the PPDU according to the first sequence and the time domain position of the first user field.
  • receiving end 1 and receiving end 2 there are two receiving ends, referred to as receiving end 1 and receiving end 2.
  • the signaling field of the PPDU sent by the transmitting end includes four user fields, of which user field 1 and user field 2 are consecutive user fields and are allocated to receiving end 1.
  • User field 1 includes a user identifier of receiving end 1, and user field 2 includes a first sequence.
  • User field 3 and user field 4 are consecutive user fields and are allocated to receiving end 2.
  • User field 3 includes a user identifier of receiving end 2, and user field 4 includes a first sequence.
  • user field 2 is determined.
  • receiving end 1 demodulates the data carried in PPDU. For example, when the receiving end 1 determines the user field 1, it can determine whether the user identifier of the next user field adjacent to the user field 1 is the first sequence; if the user identifier of the next user field adjacent to the user field 1 is the first sequence, it means that the next user field adjacent to the user field 1 is the user field of the receiving end 1, and the next user field adjacent to the user field 1 can be considered as the user field 2.
  • the receiving end 1 can continue to determine whether the user identifier of the next user field adjacent to the user field 2 is the first sequence; the next user field adjacent to the user field 2 can be called the user field 3. If it is the first sequence, the receiving end 1 continues to determine whether the user identifier of the next user field adjacent to the user field 3 is the first sequence, until the user identifier of the next adjacent user field is not the first sequence, then the receiving end 1 stops the search process.
  • the next user field adjacent to the user field 2 is the user field 3, and the user identifier of the user field 3 is not the first sequence; therefore, when the receiving end 1 determines the user field 3, it can be found that the user identifier of the user field 3 is not the first sequence, and then the user field search process is stopped.
  • the receiving end 1 can determine that the user field 1 and the user field 2 are user identifiers belonging to the receiving end 1.
  • the process of the receiving end 2 searching the user field 3 and the user field 4 is similar to the above and will not be described again.
  • Step 602 The second communication device demodulates the data carried in the PPDU according to the first user field and the second user field.
  • the PPDU is sent to multiple receiving ends, which include a second communication device.
  • the data carried in the PPDU is data of multiple receiving ends.
  • the second communication device obtains the first user field and the second user field, it determines the MCS indicated by the first user field and the second user field, and the spatial stream corresponding to the indicated MCS.
  • the data carried in the PPDU may be data of multiple spatial streams, and the second communication device uses the first user field and the second user field to demodulate the data of the spatial stream corresponding to the MCS indicated by the first user field and the second user field.
  • the method may further include: the first communication device generates a PPDU.
  • the first communication device may be an AP, or a chip, chip system, or circuit applied to an AP, without limitation.
  • the second communication device may be an STA, or a chip, chip system, or circuit applied to an STA.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to communication between an AP and a STA.
  • the second communication device may be an AP, or a chip, chip system, or circuit applied to an AP.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to communication between an AP and an AP.
  • the first communication device may be a STA, or a chip, a chip system, or a circuit applied to a STA.
  • the second communication device may be an AP, or a chip, a chip system, or a circuit applied to an AP.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to communication between a STA and an AP.
  • the second communication device is a STA, or a chip, a chip system, or a circuit applied to a STA.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application is applied to communication between STAs.
  • the user identifier carried in the user field is described as an example of STA ID. It is understood that if the receiving end is an AP, the user identifier carried in the user field can be replaced with AP ID without limitation.
  • the first user field or the second user field includes The indication information such as STA ID or the first sequence and MCS can also be described as: the first user field or the second user field includes a STA ID subfield or a first sequence subfield and an MCS subfield, etc.
  • An MRU includes multiple sub-resource units (sub RU).
  • Each sub-resource unit can be composed of resource units such as 26-toneRU, 52-toneRU, 106-toneRU, 242-toneRU, 484-toneRU, 996-toneRU and 2x996-toneRU, where tone represents the number of subcarriers.
  • the attenuation of the channel may be different at different frequency band locations.
  • different MCSs can be allocated in different sub-resource units.
  • the second user field includes indication information of at least one MCS of the sub-resource unit of the MRU of the second communication device.
  • the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and a second user field
  • the first user field includes indication information of the MCS1 of the sub-resource unit 1 of the MRU of the second communication device.
  • the second user field includes indication information of the MCS of other sub-resource units in the MRU except sub-resource unit 1.
  • a part of the indication information (which may be referred to as the first indication information) may be located in the first user field, and another part (which may be referred to as the second indication information) may be located in the second user field.
  • the first user field may include the first indication information of the MCS of the above-mentioned sub-resource unit
  • the second user field may include the second indication information of the MCS of the above-mentioned sub-resource unit
  • the first indication information and the second indication information are used together to indicate the MCS of the sub-resource unit.
  • the user field 1 includes the indication information of MCS1 of the sub-resource unit 1 and the indication information of MCS2-1 of the resource unit 2.
  • the user field 2 includes the indication information of MCS3 of the sub-resource unit 3 and the indication information of MCS4 of the sub-resource unit 4.
  • the user field 3 includes the indication information of MCS5 of the sub-resource unit 5 and the indication information of MCS6 of the sub-resource unit 6.
  • the first user field (i.e., user field 1) includes the indication information of MCS1 of sub-resource unit 1; the second user field includes user field 2, and user field 2 includes the indication information of MCS2 of sub-resource unit 2 and the indication information of MCS3 of sub-resource unit 3.
  • user field 2 may also include a part of the indication information of MCS4 of sub-resource unit 4 (i.e., MCS4-1).
  • the multiple sub-resource units included in the MRU of the receiving end may be divided into K groups, each group of sub-resource units has the same MCS, and the K groups of sub-resource units correspond to K MCSs.
  • the first user field includes indication information of the number of groups K.
  • the first user field or the second user field also includes indication information of the number of sub-resource units included in each group of sub-resource units in the K groups of sub-resource units.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K included in the first user field that is, the number of sub-resource unit groups K
  • the number of sub-resource unit groups K can be replaced by the number of sub-resource unit groups K, which is used to indicate that the multiple sub-resource units at the receiving end are divided into K groups.
  • the spatial stream grouping is replaced by the sub-resource unit grouping, which is used to indicate the number of sub-resource units included in each group of sub-resource units.
  • the second user field includes user field 2 and user field 3.
  • user field 2 includes indication information of MCS1 of sub-resource unit group 1, indication information of MCS2 of sub-resource unit group 2, and indication information of part of the MCS of sub-resource unit group 3 (which can be called MCS3-1for group 3).
  • User field 3 includes indication information of the MCS of sub-resource unit group 3 (which can be called MCS3-2for group 3) and MCS4 of sub-resource unit group 4, etc.
  • the number of spatial stream groups K in the user field 1 is replaced by the number of sub-resource unit groups K.
  • the spatial stream grouping in the user field 2 is replaced by the sub-resource unit grouping.
  • User field 2 includes partial indication information of MCS1 of sub-resource unit group 1 and MCS2 of sub-resource unit group 2 (which may be referred to as MCS2-1for group 2).
  • User field 3 includes partial indication information of MCS2 of sub-resource unit group 2 (which may be referred to as MCS2-2for group 2) and MCS3 of sub-resource unit group 3.
  • each sub-resource unit corresponds to at least one spatial stream.
  • the MCS of the spatial stream of each sub-resource unit is the same, that is, each sub-resource unit corresponds to an MCS, and the MCS of at least one spatial stream corresponding to each sub-resource is the same.
  • the MCS of the spatial stream of each resource unit may be different. That is, each sub-resource unit corresponds to at least one MCS, and the MCS corresponding to different spatial streams of the same sub-resource unit may be different.
  • the signaling field of the PDDU received by the second communication device from the first communication device includes a first user field and a second user field.
  • the second user field includes at least one spatial stream of a sub-resource unit in an MRU of the second communication device. Indication information of at least one MCS.
  • the first user field includes user field 1, and user field 1 includes STA ID, the total number of spatial streams of sub-resource unit 1 (total NSS for sub RU1), MCS1 of spatial stream 1 of sub-resource unit 1 (MCS1 in sub RU1), whether beamforming is performed (Beamformed), coding (Coding), and part of indication information of MCS2 of spatial stream 2 of sub-resource unit 2 (MCS2-1 in sub RU1).
  • the second user field includes user field 2 and user field 3, etc.
  • User field 2 includes a first sequence (2044), another part of indication information of MCS2 of spatial stream 2 of sub-resource unit 2 (MCS2-2 in sub RU1).
  • user field 2 may also include MCS3 of spatial stream 3 of sub-resource unit 3, etc.
  • MCS3 of spatial stream 3 of sub-resource unit 3, etc.
  • the user field 3 includes the first sequence (2044), the number of spatial streams of sub-resource unit 2 (total NSS for sub RU2), MCS1 of spatial stream 1 of sub-resource unit 2 (MCS1 in sub RU2), and MCS2 of spatial stream 2 of sub-resource unit 2 (MCS2 in sub RU2).
  • each sub-resource unit corresponds to at least one MCS
  • the MCS of the spatial stream of each sub-resource unit is indicated in the user field in the signaling field of the PPDU.
  • the MRU allocated to the second terminal device includes sub-resource unit 1 and sub-resource unit 2.
  • Sub-resource unit 1 corresponds to 3 spatial streams
  • sub-resource unit 2 corresponds to 2 spatial streams. Then, in the user field of the signaling field of the PPDU, it is necessary to indicate the MCS corresponding to each of the 3 spatial streams of sub-resource unit 1, and the MCS corresponding to each of the 2 spatial streams of sub-resource unit 2, etc.
  • the signal-to-noise ratios of some spatial streams in the multiple spatial streams are similar, and the multiple spatial streams corresponding to the sub-resource unit can be grouped, and the MCS corresponding to each group of spatial streams is the same.
  • sub-resource unit 1 corresponds to 3 spatial streams, and the above 3 spatial streams can be divided into 2 groups, and the MCS of each group of spatial streams is the same.
  • the three spatial streams of sub-resource unit 1 only need to indicate two MCSs, which can further save the signaling overhead in the PPDU.
  • the common field in the EHT-SIG field of the PPDU is used to indicate common information.
  • the common field also includes RU allocation subfields indicating the RU size and location; in the non-OFDAM scenario, the common field also includes the number of non-OFDMA users (number of non-OFDMA User Numbers) indicating the number of users and other information.
  • the indication information included in the first user field or the second user field may implicitly indicate the corresponding information, or explicitly indicate the corresponding information, without limitation.
  • the first user field or the second user field may directly carry the information of the MCS to indicate the corresponding MCS.
  • the first user field or the second user field may carry other information, and the other information may implicitly indicate the MCS.
  • the correspondence between the MCS and its index may be preconfigured or preset or specified by the protocol at the receiving end (the second communication device).
  • the above-mentioned first user field or the second user field may carry the index of a certain MCS, and the receiving end may determine the MCS indicated by a certain index, etc., based on the correspondence between the above-mentioned MCS and its index.
  • the method of the present embodiment is described by applying it in a WIFI system as an example. It can be understood that the method in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems including a receiving end (i.e., a second communication device) and a transmitting end (i.e., a first communication device).
  • a receiving end i.e., a second communication device
  • a transmitting end i.e., a first communication device.
  • the receiving end can be a terminal and the transmitting end can be a wireless access network device, or the transmitting end can be a wireless access network device and the receiving end can be a terminal device, etc.
  • the first communication device and the second communication device may include hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.
  • the first communication device and the second communication device can be divided into functional units according to the above method example.
  • each functional unit can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • FIG12 shows a possible exemplary block diagram of a device involved in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 1200 may include: a processing unit 1202 and a communication unit 1203.
  • the processing unit 1202 is used to control and manage the actions of the device 1200.
  • the communication unit 1203 1203 is used to support the communication between the apparatus 1200 and other devices.
  • the communication unit 1203 is also called a transceiver unit, and may include a receiving unit and/or a sending unit, respectively used to perform receiving and sending operations.
  • the apparatus 1200 may also include a storage unit 1201, which is used to store program codes and/or data of the apparatus 1200.
  • the device 1200 may be the second communication device in the above embodiment, the second communication device is a STA, or may be a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) set in a STA, or the second communication device is an AP, or a component set in an AP, etc.
  • the processing unit 1202 may support the device 1200 to perform the actions of the second communication device in each method example above. Alternatively, the processing unit 1202 mainly performs the internal actions of the second communication device in the method example, and the communication unit 1203 may support the communication between the device 1200 and other devices.
  • the communication unit 1203 is used to: receive a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU from a first communication device, the signaling field of the PPDU including a first user field and a second user field, the first user field including a user identifier, the user identifier matching the user identifier of the second communication device, the second user field including a first sequence and indication information of multiple modulation and coding schemes MCS of the second communication device, the first sequence being used to indicate that the second user field is an extension of the first user field; the processing unit 1202 is used to: demodulate the data carried in the PPDU according to the first user field and the second user field.
  • the device 1200 may be the first communication device in the above embodiment, and the first communication device may be an AP, or may also be a component (such as a circuit, a chip, or a chip system) disposed in the AP, or may be an STA, or may also be a component disposed in the STA.
  • the processing unit 1202 may support the device 1200 to perform the actions of the first communication device in each method example above. Alternatively, the processing unit 1202 mainly performs the internal actions of the first communication device in the method example, and the communication unit 1203 may support the communication between the device 1200 and other devices.
  • the processing unit 1202 is used to generate a physical layer protocol data unit PPDU: the communication unit 1203 is used to send the PPDU to the second communication device, the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and a second user field, the first user field includes a user identifier, the user identifier matches the user identifier of the second communication device, the second user field includes a first sequence and indication information of multiple modulation and coding schemes MCS of the second communication device, the first sequence is used to indicate that the second user field is an extension of the first user field.
  • the communication unit 1203 is used to send the PPDU to the second communication device
  • the signaling field of the PPDU includes a first user field and a second user field
  • the first user field includes a user identifier
  • the user identifier matches the user identifier of the second communication device
  • the second user field includes a first sequence and indication information of multiple modulation and coding schemes MCS of the second communication device
  • the first sequence is used to indicate that the second
  • each unit in the above device can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated.
  • the units in the device can all be implemented in the form of software calling through processing elements; they can also be all implemented in the form of hardware; some units can also be implemented in the form of software calling through processing elements, and some units can be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • each unit can be a separately established processing element, or it can be integrated in a certain chip of the device for implementation.
  • it can also be stored in the memory in the form of a program, and called and executed by a certain processing element of the device. The function of the unit.
  • processing element described here can also be a processor, which can be an integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities.
  • each operation of the above method or each unit above can be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or in the form of software calling through a processing element.
  • the unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), or one or more digital singnal processors (DSP), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • DSP digital singnal processors
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • the unit in the device can be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler
  • the processing element can be a processor, such as a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), or other processors that can call programs.
  • CPU general-purpose central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • the above unit for receiving is an interface circuit of the device, which is used to receive signals from other devices.
  • the receiving unit is an interface circuit of the chip used to receive signals from other chips or devices.
  • the above unit for sending is an interface circuit of the device, which is used to send signals to other devices.
  • the sending unit is an interface circuit of the chip used to send signals to other chips or devices.
  • FIG. 13 there is shown a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is used to implement the operation of the AP or components disposed in the AP in the above embodiments.
  • the communication device 1300 may include a processor 1301, a memory 1302, and an interface circuit 1303.
  • the processor 1301 may be used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the communication device 1300.
  • the memory 1302 may be used to store programs and data, and the processor 1301 may execute the method executed by the AP or a component in the AP in the embodiment of the present application based on the program.
  • the interface circuit 1303 may be used for the communication device 1300 to communicate with other devices, and the communication may be wired communication or wireless communication.
  • the interface circuit may also be used to communicate with other devices. Can be replaced by a transceiver.
  • the above memory 1302 may also be externally connected to the communication device 1300, in which case the communication device 1300 may include an interface circuit 1303 and a processor 1301.
  • the above interface circuit 1303 may also be externally connected to the communication device 1300, in which case the communication device 1300 may include a memory 1302 and a processor 1301.
  • the communication device 1300 may include a processor 1301.
  • the communication device shown in FIG13 can implement various processes involving the AP in the above method embodiment.
  • the operations and/or functions of each module in the communication device shown in FIG13 are respectively to implement the corresponding processes in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device includes: an antenna 1410, a radio frequency part 1420, and a signal processing part 1430.
  • the antenna 1410 is connected to the radio frequency part 1420.
  • the radio frequency part 1420 receives information sent by the AP through the antenna 1410, and sends the information sent by the AP to the signal processing part 1430 for processing.
  • the signal processing part 1430 processes the information of the STA and sends it to the radio frequency part 1420.
  • the radio frequency part 1420 processes the information of the STA and sends it to the AP through the antenna 1410.
  • the signal processing part 1430 may include a modulation and demodulation subsystem for processing each communication protocol layer of the data; it may also include a central processing subsystem for processing the STA operating system and the application layer; in addition, it may also include other subsystems, such as a multimedia subsystem, a peripheral subsystem, etc., wherein the multimedia subsystem is used to control the camera, screen display, etc., and the peripheral subsystem is used to connect to other devices.
  • the modulation and demodulation subsystem may be a separately provided chip.
  • the modem subsystem may include one or more processing elements 1431, for example, a main control CPU and other integrated circuits.
  • the modem subsystem may also include a storage element 1432 and an interface circuit 1433.
  • the storage element 1432 is used to store data and programs, but the program used to execute the method executed by the STA in the above method may not be stored in the storage element 1432, but in a memory outside the modem subsystem, and the modem subsystem loads and uses it when in use.
  • the interface circuit 1433 is used to communicate with other subsystems.
  • the modem subsystem may be implemented by a chip, which includes at least one processing element and an interface circuit, wherein the processing element is used to execute each step of any of the methods executed by the above STA, and the interface circuit is used to communicate with other devices.
  • the unit for STA to implement each step in the above method may be implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler, for example, the device for STA includes a processing element and a storage element, and the processing element calls a program stored in the storage element to execute the method executed by STA in the above method embodiment.
  • the storage element may be a storage element on the same chip as the processing element, that is, an on-chip storage element.
  • the program for executing the method executed by STA in the above method may be in a storage element on a different chip from the processing element, that is, an off-chip storage element.
  • the processing element calls or loads the program from the off-chip storage element to the on-chip storage element to call and execute the method executed by STA in the above method embodiment.
  • the unit of the STA implementing each step in the above method may be configured as one or more processing elements, which are arranged on the modem subsystem.
  • the processing elements here may be integrated circuits, such as one or more ASICs, or one or more DSPs, or one or more FPGAs, or a combination of these integrated circuits. These integrated circuits may be integrated together to form a chip.
  • the units of STA implementing the above steps can be integrated together and implemented in the form of SOC, and the SOC chip is used to implement the above method.
  • the chip can integrate at least one processing element and storage element, and the processing element calls the stored program of the storage element to implement the above STA execution method; or, the chip can integrate at least one integrated circuit to implement the above STA execution method; or, the above implementation methods can be combined, and the functions of some units are implemented by the processing element calling the program, and the functions of some units are implemented by the integrated circuit.
  • the above apparatus for STA may include at least one processing element and an interface circuit, wherein at least one processing element is used to execute any one of the STA execution methods provided in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing element may execute part or all of the steps executed by STA in a first manner: that is, by calling a program stored in a storage element; or in a second manner: by combining an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element with instructions to execute part or all of the steps executed by STA; of course, part or all of the steps executed by STA may also be executed in combination with the first manner and the second manner.
  • the processing element here is the same as described above and can be implemented by a processor.
  • the function of the processing element can be the same as the function of the processing unit described in FIG. 11.
  • the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a CPU, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as one or more ASICs, or one or more microprocessors DSPs, or one or more FPGAs, etc., or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.
  • the storage element can be implemented by a memory.
  • the function of the storage element can be the same as that of the processing unit described in FIG. 11.
  • the function may be the same as the storage unit described in Figure 11.
  • the storage element may be a memory or a collective name for multiple memories.
  • the STA shown in FIG14 can implement various processes related to the STA in the above method embodiment.
  • the operations and/or functions of each module in the STA shown in FIG14 are respectively to implement the corresponding processes in the above method embodiment.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which may include a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is used to execute the steps on the first communication device side of the above method embodiment, and the second communication device is used to execute the steps on the second communication device side of the above method embodiment.
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of the present application can be used interchangeably.
  • “At least one” refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and/or B, which can represent: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an “or” relationship.
  • “At least one of the following (individuals)” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (individuals) or plural items (individuals).
  • At least one of A, B and C includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC or ABC.
  • the ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, timing, priority or importance of multiple objects.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.
  • a computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, whereby the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and/or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

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Abstract

一种通信方法及装置，该方法包括：接收来自第一通信装置的PPDU，PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，第一用户字段包括用户标识，用户标识与第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，第二用户字段包括第一序列和第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，第一序列用于指示第二用户字段为第一用户字段的扩展；根据第一用户字段和第二用户字段，对PPDU中携带的数据进行解调。在本申请实施例中，第二用户字段包括第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，相对于传统的每个用户字段仅包括一个MCS的指示信息，可降低PPDU的信令开销，提高数据信息传输效率。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年11月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211477791.8、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及无线保真WIFI技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
从1997年第一代802.11标准发布至今，无线保真(wireless fidelity,WIFI)经历了巨大的发展和普及。在今天，WIFI成为越来越多的用户上网接入的首选方式，并且有逐步取代有线接入的趋势。为适应新的业务应用和减少与有线网络带宽的差距，已经发展和普及的7代WIFI系统中，每一代802.11的标准都在大幅度的提升其速率。在WIFI通信系统中，如何设计WIFI通信的帧格式，是一个研究方向。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，以在WIFI通信系统中，实现两个通信装置的通信。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法的执行主体为第二通信装置，该第二通信装置为STA，或者应用于STA中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等，或者，第二通信装置为AP，或者应用于AP中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等，该方法包括：接收来自第一通信装置的物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的多个调制和编码方案MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展；根据所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段，对所述PPDU中携带的数据进行解调。可选的，所述第二用户字段包括至少一个用户字段。可选的，所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段为连续的用户字段。
通过上述设计中，PPDU的信令字段中的第二用户字段包括第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，相对于传统的用户字段仅包括第二通信装置仅包括一个MCS的指示信息，可减少PPDU中用户字段的开销，提高数据信息的传输效率。
在一种设计中，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息，或者，所述第二通信装置的多个资源单元MRU的子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息。
通过上述设计，每个空间流或每个子资源单元各自对应一个MCS，假设第二通信装置存在N个空间流或子资源单元，则需要N个MCS的指示信息，在传统的用户字段的设计中，需要N个用户字段，用于指示该N个MCS的指示信息。而在本申请实施例中，第二用户字段可指示多个MCS的指示信息，则采用少于N的用户字段，即可指示M个MCS，从而减少PPDU中的用户字段的开销。
在一种设计中，所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元分为K组，K为大于1的正整数，每组空间流或每组子资源单元的MCS相同，K组空间流或K组子资源单元对应K个MCS。可选的，所述第一用户字段中还包括组数K的指示信息。进一步的，所述第一用户字段或所述第二用户字段还包括K组空间流中每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息，或者包括K组子资源单元中每组子资源单元包括子资源单元数量的指示信息。上述，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息，具体为：所述第二用户字段包括所述K组空间流的K个MCS的指示信息，或者所述K组子资源单元的K个MCS的指示信息。
通过上述设计，可将信噪比相似的空间流或资源单元分为一组，一组对应一个MCS。在该设计中，指示每组对应的MCS即可，相对于指示每个空间流或每个资源单元的MCS，可进一步减少MCS指示的信息开销。
在一种设计中，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：所述第 二用户字段至少包括所述第二通信装置的MRU中的一个子资源单元的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息。
通过上述设计，第二通信装置的MRU中包括至少一个子资源单元(sub-RU)，在前述的设计，每个子资源单元对应一个MCS，而在该设计中，考虑每个子资源单元对应多个空间流，还可以进一步指示每个子资源单元对应的多个空间流中每个空间流对应的MCS。例如，第二通信装置的MRU中包括子资源单元1和子资源单元2。子资源单元1对应空间流1和空间流2，子资源单元2对应空间流3和空间流4，可分别指示子资源单元1的空间流1的MCS1和空间流2的MCS2，以及子资源单元2的空间流3的MCS3和空间流4的MCS4等。采用本申请实施例中，考虑不同频带位置的信道衰减可能不一样，以子资源单元为粒度，分别指示每个空间流的MCS，提高了指示MCS的精准度。
在一种设计中，所述多个MCS包括第一MCS，所述第一用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第一指示信息，所述第二用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息和所述第二指示信息共同用于指示所述第一MCS。
通过上述设计，第一用户字段中可包括预留位置，该预留位置并没有传输任何有实质含义的信息，利用该预留位置可传输MCS的一部分信息(即第一指示信息)，而在第二用户字段仅传输MCS的另一部分信息(即第二指示信息)即可，提高第一用户字段的利用率。
在一种设计中，确定第一用户字段和第二用户字段的过程，包括：在所述PPDU的信令字段中，确定用户标识与所述第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配的第一用户字段；根据所述第一序列和所述第一用户字段的位置，在所述PPDU的信令字段中，确定第二用户字段。
通过上述设计，第一用户字段和第二用户字段可以为连续的用户字段，可根据第一用户字段的用户标识匹配出第二通信装置的用户字段，之后可根据第一用户字段的位置和第一序列的标识，确定第二用户字段。该第二用户字段的数量可以为一个或多个用户字段。采用上述方法，可将第二用户字段的标识设置为第一序列之后，可成功匹配第二通信装置的用户字段。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，该方法作为前述第一方面方法的对侧方法，有益效果可参见前述第一方面不再赘述。该方法的执行主体为第一通信装置，第一通信装置为AP，或者应用于AP中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等，或者第一通信装置为STA，或者应用于STA中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等，该方法包括：生成物理层协议数据单元PPDU；向第二通信装置发送所述PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与所述第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的多个调制和编码方案MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展。
在一种设计中，所述第二用户字段包括至少一个用户字段。
在一种设计中，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息，或者，所述第二通信装置的多个资源单元MRU的子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息。
在一种设计中，所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元分为K组，K为大于1的正整数，每组空间流或每组子资源单元的MCS相同，K组空间流或K组子资源单元对应K个MCS。
在一种设计中，所述第一用户字段中还包括组数K的指示信息。
在一种设计中，所述第一用户字段或所述第二用户字段还包括K组空间流中每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息，或者包括K组子资源单元中每组子资源单元包括子资源单元数量的指示信息。
在一种设计中，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：所述第二用户字段包括所述K组空间流的K个MCS的指示信息，或者所述K组子资源单元的K个MCS的指示信息。
在一种设计中，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：所述第二用户字段至少包括所述第二通信装置的MRU中的一个子资源单元的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息。
在一种设计中，所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段为连续的用户字段。
在一种设计中，所述多个MCS包括第一MCS，所述第一用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第一指示信息，所述第二用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息和所述第二指示信息共同用于指示所述第一MCS。
第三方面，提供一种装置，该装置包括执行上述第一方面或第二方面所描述的方法对应的单元或模块，该单元或模块可以通过硬件电路实现，或者通过软件实现，或者通过硬件电路结合软件实现。
第四方面，提供一种装置，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述第一方面或第二方面所描述的方法。该处理器包括一个或多个。
第五方面，提供一种装置，包括与存储器耦合的处理器，该处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述第一方面或第二方面描述的方法。该存储器可以位于该装置之内，也可以位于该装置之外。且该处理器可以是一个或多个。
第六方面，提供一种装置，包括处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机指令，当该装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的计算机指令，以使该装置执行上述第一方面或第二方面描述的方法。
第七方面，提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器或电路，用于执行上述第一方面或第二方面描述的方法。
第八方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得上述第一方面或第二方面描述的方法被执行。
第九方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被装置运行时，使得上述第一方面或第二方面描述的方法被执行。
第十方面，提供一种系统，包括执行上述第一方面的方法的第二通信装置和执行上述第二方面的方法的第一通信装置。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例适用的一种网络架构的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的空间流统一调制的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的空间流独立调制的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的EHT MU PPDU帧格式的一示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的EHT MU PPDU帧格式的另一示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的一流程图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的SU-MIMO场景中PPDU帧格式的一示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的MU-MIMO场景中PPDU帧格式的一示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的SU-MIMO场景中PPDU帧格式的一示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的MU-MIMO场景中PPDU帧格式的一示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的PPDU帧格式的一示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的装置的一示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的装置的另一示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的装置的又一示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例可以适应用于无线局域网(wireless local area，WLAN)中，比如可以适用于WLAN当前采用的电气电子工程师协会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.11系列协议中的任意一种协议。其中，WLAN可以包括一个或多个基本服务集(basic service set，BSS)，基本服务集中的网络节点包括接入点(access point，AP)和站点(station，STA)。此外，IEEE 802.11ad在原有的BSS基础上，引入个人基本服务集(personal basic service set，PBSS)和个人基本服务集控制节点(PBSS control point，PCP)，每个个人基本服务集可以包含一个AP/PCP和多个关联于该AP/PCP的non AP/PCP，本申请实施例中non AP/PCP可以称为STA，PCP可以理解为AP在PBSS里的角色的称呼。
本申请实施例也可以适用于物联网(internet of things，IoT)网络或车联网(vehicle to X，V2X)网络等无线局域网中。当然，本申请实施例还可以适用于其它可能的通信系统，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)通信系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)通信系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)通信系统、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第 五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统、以及未来演进的通信系统等。
下文以本申请实施例适用于WLAN为例。参见图1，示出了本申请实施例适用的一种WLAN的网络架构图，图1是以该WLAN包括1个AP和2个STA为例。其中，与AP关联的STA，能够接收该AP发送的无线帧，也能够向该AP发送无线帧。本申请实施例将以AP和STA之间的通信为例进行描述，可以理解的是，本申请实施例也可以适用于AP与AP之间的通信，例如各个AP之间可通过分布式系统(distributed system，DS)相互通信，也可以适用于STA与STA之间的通信。
AP可以为终端设备(如手机)进入有线(或无线)网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，也可以部署于户外。AP相当于一个连接有线网络和无线网络的桥梁，主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。比如，AP可以是带有无线保真(wireless fidelity,WIFI)芯片的终端设备(如手机)或者网络设备(如路由器)等，不作限制。本申请实施例中，AP可以为支持802.11be制式的设备，或者也可以为支持802.11ax、802.11ay、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b、802.11a以及802.11be下一代等802.11家族的多种WLAN制式的设备。
STA可以为无线通讯芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端等，也可称为用户。例如，STA可以为支持WIFI通讯功能的移动电话、支持WIFI通讯功能的平板电脑、支持WIFI通讯功能的机顶盒、支持WIFI通讯功能的智能电视、支持WIFI通讯功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持WIFI通讯功能的车载通信设备和支持WIFI通讯功能的计算机等等。可选地，STA可以支持802.11be制式，或者也可以支持802.11ax、802.11ay、802.11ac、802.11n、802.11g、802.11b、802.11a、802.11be下一代等802.11家族的多种WLAN制式。
可以理解的是，图1中所示意的AP和STA的数量仅是举例，还可以包括更多或者更少数量的AP和STA等，不作限制。图1中所涉及的AP和STA可以是具有双模通信功能的通信装置，也就是具有低频(low frequency，LF)频段(或信道或链路)通信模式，和高频(highfrequency，HF)频段通信模式的通信装置。其中，低频频段比如包括sub 1吉赫兹(GHz)，2.4GHz，5GHz，6GHz等，高频频段比如包括45GHz，60GHz等，不作限制。
在一种设计中，对于接收端(例如，第二通信装置)可采用不同的调制和编码方案(modulation andcoding scheme，MCS)，以适用不同的信噪比。在一种方案中，第二通信装置接收来自第一通信装置(发送端)的物理层协议数据单元(physical layer protocol data unit，PPDU)的每个用户段指示一个MCS，PPDU中的MCS指示的开销较高。在本申请实施例的方案中，第二通信装置接收来自第一通信装置的PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的至少一个MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展；第二通信装置根据所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段，对所述PPDU中携带的数据进行解调。在本申请实施例中，在第二用户字段包括第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息的情况下，相对于传统的每个用户字段包括一个MCS的指示信息，可减少PPDU的MCS开销，提高数据信息的传输效率。
实施例一
在实施例一中，第二用户字段包括第二通信装置的至少一个空间流的至少一个MCS的指示信息。
在802.11n中，引入多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output，MIMO)技术。在802.11ac、802.11ax和802.11be中均支持MIMO技术。MIMO技术可通过收发端的联合处理，形成多个独立传输通道，以提升信道容量。在802.11n中支持最多4个空时流的MIMO，并且每个空时流可采用不同的调制和编码方案(modulation andcoding scheme，MCS)，以适应不同空时流的信噪比(signal to noise ratio，SNR)，这种方式被称为非均衡调制。802.11ac和802.11ax，最多支持8个空时流，但是没有考虑不同的空时流可以采用不同的MCS。802.11be将支持的最大空时流数目进一步提升到16。其中，空时流，同时考虑了不同的空间流和时间维度上的空间块编码(space-time block coding，STBC)。也就是说，空间流包含两层含义，一个为空间流，另一个为时间维度上的STBC。当发送端没有采用STBC时，空时流又可以被称为空间流。802.11be标准规定不采用STBC，因此，在802.11be中，空时流也可称为空间流。
在WIFI系统的多流传输调度中，协议802.11n、802.11ac、802.11ax和802.11be，所有空间流统一 编码，并使用相同的调制方式。示例性地，如图2所示，发送端的处理过程，包括：
编码器(encoder)，用于对有效负载(payload)进行编码；
流解析器(stream parser)，用于将编码后的数据流分为多个空间流。在图2中，是以将编码后的数据流，分为4个空间流为例的，该4个空间流表示为SS0至SS3。
正交幅度调制(quadrature amplitude modulation，QAM)，用于对空间流进行调制。该QAM调制的过程，包括对空间流进行MCS的过程。在图2中，对所有空间流采用相同的MCS。
空间流映射(spatial mapping)，用于将调制后的空间流映射到发送天线上。调制后的一个空间流可以映射到一个或多个发送天线等，不作限制。
快速傅立叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transformation，iFFT)，用于将频域转信号转换到时域信号。
循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)和数字前端(digital front end，DFE)，用于对时域信号进行时域处理。例如，在时域符号中添加CP等。
射频(radio frequency，RF)，用于将数字信号转换为模拟信号，模拟信号经天线发送到接收端。
在图2中，所有空间流采用同一种MCS，可能导致数据信息的传输效率低。在保持一定信噪比的前提下，由于不同空间流的信道环境不同，因此不同空间流可采用不同的MCS。例如，在保证一定信噪比的前提下，针对无线信道环境较好的空间流，可选择高码率的MCS，数据信息的传输效率较高。对于无线信道环境较差的空间流，可选择低码率的MCS，数据信息的传输效率较低。其中，码率越高，代表在编码时，添加的冗余信息越少，数据信息的传输率越高。反之，码率越低，代表在编码时，添加的冗余信息越多，数据信息的传输率越低。
对于图2中的所有空间流采用同一种MCS的方案，在一种设计中，为了接收端能成功译码所有空间流，则发送端可选择对所有空间流均能成功译码的MCS，对空间流进行调制，从而使得空间流的数据信息的传输率并不高。因此，在协议802.11n中，提出对不同空间流使用不同的MSC的设计。
参照图3，在协议802.11n中，所有空间流统一编码，但使用不同的调制方案。与图2不同的是，在图3中，SS0至SS3等四个空间流，采用不同的调制方案。例如，SS0的调制方案表示为QAM0，QAM0包括的MCS方案可称为MSC0。也应说，空间流SS0采用的MCS方案，可称为MCS0。同理，空间流SS1至SS3的MCS方案，可分别称为MCS1至MCS3。
在802.11be定义了极高吞吐率多用户物理层协议数据单元(extreme high throughputmultiple user physical layer protocol data unit，EHT MU PPDU)，EHT MU PPDU是EHT PPDU的一种格式。其中，EHT是802.11be的标准名称，MU表示多用户，但是EHT MU PPDU可以支持单用户和多用户的数据传输，不作限制。PPDU表示物理层数据分组数据包。在一种设计中，参照图4，EHT MU PPDU包括前导码部分、数据(Data)字段和数据包扩展(packetextension，PE)字段。在前导码部分中，包括：1)用于自动增益控制(automatic gain control，AGC)和同步的传统短训练字段(legacy short training field，L-STF)和传统长训练字段(legacy long training field，L-LTF)；2)用于信令交互和帧格式判决的传统信令字段(legacy signal field，L-SIG)、重复传统信令字段(repeated L-SIG,RL-SIG)和通用信令(universal signal，U-SIG)字段；3)用于自动增益控制的极高吞吐率-短训练字段(extreme high throughputmultiple-short training field，EHT-STF)；4)用于信道估计的极高吞吐率—长训练字段(extreme high throughputmultiple-long training field，EHT-LTF)。
需要说明的是，前导码部分的U-SIG字段，在802.11be标准及后续的802.11系列标准中的PPDU中都可能存在，U-SIG字段可用于指示PPDU为EHT PPDU或者802.11be后续的802.11系列标准中的PPDU。可选地，U-SIG字段用于指示PPDU为EHT MU PPDU时，在U-SIG字段之后还可能存在极高吞吐率-信令(extreme high throughput，multiple-signal，EHT-SIG)字段。U-SIG字段和EHT-SIG字段中携带有对数据字段携带的数据解调的信令信息。
在一种设计中，为了支持每个空间流分别对应一种MCS的设计。在EHT MU PPDU的信令设计时，每个空间流独占一个用户字段(userfield)。例如，参照图5，EHT MU PPDU的EHT-SIG字段包括多个用户字段，每个用户字段指示一个空间流的MCS。
在图5的示例中，是以AP作为发送端，STA作为接收端为例的。每个用户字段包括STA身份标识(identity document，ID)、MCS、预留(Reserved)部分、当前用户的全部空间流数量NSS、是否波束赋形(Beamformed)、和编码(Coding)等子字段。
其中，STA ID，用于指示用户字段属于的STA的标识。STA在接收到EHT MU PPDU时，可以利 用AP为其分配的STA ID，查询属于自己的用户字段。且利用查询到的用户字段中的信令信息，在数据字段中解调属于自己的数据信息。
可选地，在STA接入AP时，AP可通过信令协商，为STA分配标识，可称为STA ID。AP为每个STA可分配一个标识，或者多个关联标识，不作限制。以AP为每个STA分配多个关联标识为例，该多个标识可表示为：STA ID-a、STA ID-b和STA ID-c。STA在用户字段中，查询到上述多个标识中的任一个标识时，可识别为该用户字段是属于自己的用户字段。
MCS，用于指示一个空间流的MCS。
预留部分，是在用户字段中预留的，不传输任何有意义的信息。
用户的全部空间流数量NSS，用于指示STA ID对应的STA，总共被分配空间流的数量。
是否波束赋形，用于指示AP发送给该STA的数据，是否采用波束赋形技术。
编码，用于指示AP发送给STA的数据，所采用的编码方式。
在一种设计中，每个STA被分配多个空间流，多个空间流使用不同的MCS。在EHT MU PPDU中，需要为每个STA配置多个用户字段，每个用户字段指示一个空间流，具体的是，每个用户字段中的MCS用于指示一个空间流的MCS。举例来说，一个STA被分配3个空间流，则在图5的设计中，在EHT MU PPDU的EHT-SIG字段中该STA需要占用3个用户字段，该3个用户字段的MCS分别用于指示3个空间流的MCS。在图5的EHT MU PPDU的设计中，每个空间流单独占用一个用户字段的设计，在空间流的数量较多时，EHT MU PPDU中用户字段的数量较多，使得EHT MU PPDU中的信令开销较大，数据传输效率低下。
在本申请实施例中，修改了用户字段的设计，使得属于同一个用户的多个用户字段中的至少一个用户字段，具有指示多个MCS的能力，减少了PPDU的信令开销，提高数据传输效率。
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图。如图6所示，该流程可以包括：
步骤601：第二通信装置接收来自第一通信装置的PPDU。
可选地，所述PPDU可为802.11be中的EHT MU PPDU，或者可以为802.11系列标准中定义的其它PPDU等，不作限制。PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段。例如，所述信令字段可为802.11be中的EHT-SIG字段，或者可以为802.11系列标准中定义的其它信令字段等，不作限制。所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与第二通信装置的用户标识相区配。以第一通信装置为AP，第二通信装置为STA为例，所述用户标识可以为STA ID。所述第二用户字段包括第一序列，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展，或者指示所述第二用户字段与其前述的第一用户字段属于同一个用户，该第二用户字段是其前述的第一用户字段在长度上的扩展等。所述第一序列还可称为特殊序列。对第一序列的长度不作限制。比如，第一序列与用户标识的长度相同，可以均为11比特。或者，第一序列的长度可小于用户标识的长度，则用第一序列代替传统的在用户字段中携带的用户标识，可减少用户字段的信令开销。在一种设计中，所述第一序列可以为2044。
可以理解的是，第一用户字段包括一个用户字段，第二用户字段可包括至少一个用户字段。所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段为连续的用户字段。第二用户字段的数量与接收端(第二通信装置)的MCS的数量有关。比如，在单用户多入多出(single user-multiple-input multiple-output，SU-MIMO)的场景中，接收端仅有1个第二通信装置，PPDU中的数据字段中携带的数据，均是发送给第二通信装置的。举例来说，第二通信装置对应7个空间流，每个空间流独立调制，则7个空间流对应7个MCS。第一用户字段和第二用户字段需要包括7个MCS的指示信息。在一种设计中，第一用户字段包括7个MCS中1个MCS的指示信息。第二用户字段包括7个MCS中6个MCS的指示信息。例如，受限于第二用户字段的长度等因素，每个第二用户字段最多指示3个MCS，则需要2个第二用户字段用于指示6个MCS。在该举例中，PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和2个第二用户字段，第二用户字段的数量为2个，或者描述为第二用户字段包括2个用户字段。其中，第一用户字段包括1个MCS的指示信息，第二用户字段包括的2个用户字段分别包括3个MCS的指示信息。
在一种设计中，第一用户字段的设计不作改进，第二用户字段的设计作改进。例如，第一用户字段，可沿用前述图5中的用户字段的设计。第一用户字段包括STA ID、MCS、预留(Reserved)部分、当前用户的空间流的总数量NSS、是否波束赋形(Beamformed)和编码等信息。不同的是，在第二用户字段中，将图5中的STA-ID更改为：第一序列，且第二用户字段中不再包括预留部分、NSS、是否波束赋形和编码等信息，将第二用户字段设计为用于指示接收端(即第二通信装置)的空间流的MCS。 举例来说，第二通信装置对应4个空间流，则第一用户字段中可包括4个空间流中一个空间流对应的MCS的指示信息，第二用户字段中可包括4个空间流中除上述空间流外的其它3个空间流的MCS的指示信息等。
在另一种设计中，对第一用户字段的设计和第二用户字段的设计，均做改进。例如，在图5的设计中，第一用户字段包括预留部分，该预留部分并不传输任何有实际含义的信息。在本申请实施例中，可利用该预留部分传输一个MCS的部分指示信息(可称为MSC的第一指示信息)。在第二用户字段包括该MCS的剩余指示信息(可称为该MCS的第二指示信息)。其中，上述第一指示信息和第二指示信息，共同用于指示上述MCS。在一种设计中，第一用户字段的预留部分包括1比特，每个MCS需要4比特的指示信息。因此，在第一用户字段的预留部分可指示一个MCS的1比特的指示信息，在第二用户字段中可包括上述MCS的剩余3比特的指示信息。采用该设计，利用第一用户字段的预留部分传输MCS的部分指示信息，提高第一用户字段的预留部分的利用率。
举例来说，参照图7，在SU-MIMO的场景中，PPDU包括L-STF字段、L-LTF字段、L-SIG字段、RL-SIG字段、U-SIG字段、EHT-SIG字段、EHT-STF字段、EHT-LTF字段、数据(data)字段和PE字段。针对EHT-SIG字段的设计，EHT-SIG字段为图6中的信令字段的一种具体示例，包括：
同一个接收端，分配连续的多个用户字段。在分配给同一个接收端的多个用户字段中，按照顺序进行排序，最靠前的第一个用户字段，可称为用户字段1。与用户字段1相邻，且位于用户字段1后方的用户字段，可称为第二用户字段2和用户字段3。用户字段1为前述图6流程中的第一用户字段的一种示例。用户字段2和用户字段3为前述图6的流程中的第二用户字段包括2个用户字段的一种示例。
参照图7，用户字段1，包括：STA ID、MCS1的指示信息、NSS、是否波束赋形(Beamformed)、编码(Coding)和MCS2-1的指示信息等。用户字段2包括第一序列(2044)、MCS2-2、MCS3和MCS4等的指示信息。用户字段3包括第一序列(2044)、MCS5和MCS6的指示信息。
可以理解的是，在图7的设计中，假设接收端的用户，对应6个空间流。则该6个空间流需要6个MCS的指示信息。在图7的设计中，利用3个用户字段，可指示6个空间流的6个MCS。而在图5的设计中，每个用户字段指示一个空间流，上述6个空间流需分配6个用户字段进行相应MCS的指示。采用本申请实施例的设计，减少了PPDU中信令字段的开销，提高了数据信息的传输效率。
可选地，在图7的设计中，为每个用户字段分配22比特，每个MCS需要4比特进行指示。用户字段1的设计，大部分沿用图5中的用户字段1的设计。相对于图5中的用户字段1，不同的是，将图5中的用户字段1中的预留部分的1比特，用于指示MCS2-1。在用户字段2分配3比特，用于指示MCS2-2。MCS2-1的1比特和MCS2-2的3比特，共同用于指示MCS2。在用户字段2和用户字段3中，第一序列(即2044)占用11比特。在用户字段2的全部22比特中，除去该11比特的第一序列和3比特的MCS2-2，剩余的8比特，可指示2个MCS，该2个MCS即为图7设计中的MCS3和MCS4。同理，在用户字段3的全部22比特中，除去第一序列(2044)占用的11比特，剩余的11比特，可指示2个MCS，该2个MCS即为图7设计中的MCS5和MCS6。对于用户字段3的剩余3比特，是否用于传输数据不作限制。比如，用户字段3的剩余3比特可以预留，不传任何信息，或者，可以在该剩余的3比特中填充预设或固定数据等，不作限制。
举例来说，参照图8，在MU-MIMO场景中，针对PPDU的EHT-SIG字段的设计。在MU-MIMO场景中，PPDU是发送给多个接收端的。每个接收端，分配连续的多个用户字段。每个接收端，在接收到PPDU时，可在PPDU的EHT-SIG字段中的用户字段的STA-ID中，查询与接收端的用户标识相匹配的用户字段；判断查询出的用户标识相匹配的用户字段的相邻下一个用户字段的标识是否为第一序列(例如2044)；如果为第一序列，则认为相匹配的用户字段的下一个用户字段也是属于当前接收端的；如果不为第一序列，则认为当前接收端查找用户字段的过程结束。在后续描述中，以PPDU的EHT-SIG字段包括用户字段1和用户字段2为例，该用户字段1和用户字段2属于同一个接收端。可以理解的是，在MU-MIMO的场景中，PPDU的EHT-SIG字段中除包括当前接收端的用户字段，还可以包括其它接收端的用户字段，不作限制。
参照图8，用户字段1包括STA ID、MCS1、编码(coding)和空间流分配等指示信息。其中，STA ID为当前接收端的用户标识；MCS1用于指示当前接收端的多个空间流中的一个空间流的MCS；编码用于指示对当前接收端的数据信息的编码方案；空间流分配用于指示为当前用户分配空间流的数量。用 户字段2包括第一序列(2044)、MCS2和MCS3等指示信息。第一序列用于指示用户字段2作为用户字段1的扩展，用户字段2与用户字段1属于同一个接收端用户。MCS2和MCS3用于指示当前接收端的2个空间流分别对应的MCS2和MCS3。
在上述设计中，在MU-MIMO的场景中，针对一个接收端用户，接收端用户被分配3个空间流，每个空间流独立调制的方案中，在每个用户段指示一个MCS的设计中，上述3个空间流的3个MCS，需要占用3个用户字段。在上述图8的设计中，3个空间流的3个MCS，占用2个用户字段，也就是，在本申请实施例中，利用2个用户字段即可指示接收端用户的3个空间流，减少了PPDU中的信令字段的开销，提高了PPDU中的数据传输效率。
可选地，在图8的设计中，每个用户字段可占用22比特。在用户字段2的22比特中，第一序列(2044)占用11比特，MCS2和MSC3分别占用4比特，则该用户字段2的22比特中，还剩余3比特。在接收端用户被分配的空间流数量大于3时，该剩余的3比特，可用于指示MCS4的部分信息，可描述为MCS4-1。对于MCS4的剩余1比特的指示信息，可以在用户字段3中指示，在图8的示意图中，并未描述用户字段3。
在图8的设计中，EHT-SIG字段中的用户字段1为图6流程中的第一用户字段的一种示例。用户字段2为图6流程中的第二用户字段的一种示例，也就是说，在图8的设计中，图6流程中的第一用户字段包括图8流程中的用户字段1，图6流程中的第二用户字段包括图8流程中的用户字段2等。可选地，在前述接收端用户被分配空间流的数量大于3个的场景中，图6流程中的第二用户字段，除包括图8流程中的用户字段2外，还可能包括：用户字段3，该用户字段的设计与可参见用户字段2，不再赘述。
当空间流数量较多，且存在几组信噪比相近的空间流时，进一步减少PPDU中信令字段的开销，可以对空间流进行分组，同一组的空间流的MCS相同。例如，可将接收端(第二通信装置)的多个空间流分为K组，K为大于1的正整数，每组空间流的MCS相同，K组空间流对应于K个MCS。上述的第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息，具体为：第二用户字段包括所述K组空间流的K个MCS的指示信息。
在一种设计中，第一用户字段可包括组数K的指示信息和每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息。也就是说，第一用户字段除包括用户标识外，还包括组数K的指示信息和每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息等。
举例来说，参照图9，在SU-MIMO的场景中，针对PPDU的EHT-SIG字段的设计，EHT-SIG字段为图6中的信令字段的一种具体示例，包括：
同一个接收端，分配连续的多个用户字段。在分配给同一个接收端的多个用户字段中，按照顺序排序，最靠前的第一个用户字段，可称为用户字段1。与用户字段1相邻，且位于用户字段1后方的用户字段，可称为用户字段2和用户字段3。用户字段1为前述图6流程中的第一用户字段的一种示例。用户字段2和用户字段3为前述图6流程中的第二用户字段的一种示例。也就是，在图6的流程中的第一用户字段可包括图9流程中的用户字段1，图6流程中的第二用户字段可包括图9流程中的用户字段2和用户字段3。
在图9的设计中，接收端(例如第二通信装置)对应的多个空间流，分为K组，每组空间流包括至少一个空间流，一组空间流包括的至少一个空间流对应的MCS相同，也就是说，每组空间流对应一个MCS。在图9的设计中，K组空间对应K个MCS，在PPDU的EHT-SIG字段的用户字段中需要指示K个MCS。
在图9的示例中，以将接收端的多个空间流分为4组，即K的取值为4进行说明。参照图9，用户字段1包括STA ID、空间流分组数K、空间流分组、是否波束赋形和编码等指示信息。其中，空间流分组数K用于指示将当前接收端的全部空间流分组的数量。空间流分组可指示K组空间流中每组空间流包括空间流的数量等。可选地，空间流分组还可以用于指示当前接收端的空间流总数量等。在本申请实施例中，空间流分组可单独指示每组空间流包括的空间流数量，和/或接收端的空间流总数量等信息。或者，空间流分组数K和空间流分组可联合指示每组空间流包括的空间流数量，和/或接收端的空间流总数量等信息。
在一种设计中，以空间流分组数K和空间流分组，联合指示每组空间流包括的空间流数量，和/或接收端的空间流总数量，且空间流分组占用6比特为例。例如，参照表1所示，当空间流分组数K指 示接收端的空间流分为2组，K取值为2，空间流分组为000000时，其指示：接收端的空间流分为2组，组1空间流数量包括1个空间流，组2空间流数量包括1个空间流，接收端的空间流总数量为2。同理，当空间流分组数K指示接收端的空间流分为2组，空间流分组为000110时，其指示：接收端的空间流分为2组，组1空间流数量包括4个空间流，组2空间流数量包括2个空间流，接收端的空间流总数量为6。
表1
可以理解的是，在表1中采取了简略表达，对表1中的每一行可以展开描述。例如，在表1的第一行数据中，空间流分组000000-000011，其具体表示为：当空间流分组为000000时，组1空间流数量为1，组2空间流数量为1，总空间流数量为2。当空间流分组为000001时，组1空间流数量为2，组2空间流数量为1，总空间流数量为3。当空间流分组为000010时，组1空间流数量为3，组2空间流数量为1，总空间流数量为4。当空间流分组为000011时，组1空间流数量为4，组2空间流数量为1，总空间流数量为5。
在图9的设计中，对于用户字段2和用户字段3等，不再包括STA ID、空间流分组数K、空间流分组、是否波束赋形和编码等指示信息。在用户字段2或用户字段3包括第一序列(2044)和多组空间流的MCS的指示信息。
在图9的设计中，每个用户字段占22比特，用户字段2或用户字段3中的第一序列占用11比特。在用户字段2或用户字段3中，除去第一序列的11比特外，还剩余11比特。每个MCS占用4比特。在用户字段2中，该11比特可用于指示组1空间流的MCS1和组2空间流的MCS2。此时，该用户字段2还剩余3比特，为了充分利用该用户字段2剩余的3比特，该3比特可指示组3空间流的MCS3的一部分信息(可称为用户字段2包括MSC3的第一指示信息)，在图9的示意图中，表示为MCS3-1。在用户字段3中，分配1比特，用于指示组3空间流的MCS3的另一部分信息(可称为用户字段3包括MCS3的第二指示信息)，在图9的示意图中，表示为MCS3-2。MCS3-1和MCS3-2，共同用于指示MCS3。在图9的设计中，是将接收端的空间流分为4组，4组空间流对应4个MCS为例的。因此，在用户字段3中，除包括第一序列(2044)和MCS3-2的指示信息，还包括组4空间流的MCS4的指示信息。
可以理解的是，在图9的设计中，用户字段3被分配22比特，第一序列占用11比特，MCS3-2占用1比特，MCS4占用4比特。除上述分配外，用户字段3中还剩余6比特，该6比特可用固定序列填充，该6比特传输的信息并没有任何实际意义。或者，该6比特可以直接预留，不用于传输任何信息等，不作限制。
在另一种设计中，第一用户字段包括组数K的指示信息，第二用户字段还包括K组空间流中每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息。也就是说，第一用户字段中除包括用户标识外，还包括组数K的指示信息。第二用户字段除包括第一序列外，还包括每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息等。
举例来说，参照图10，在MU-MIMO的场景中，针对PPDU的EHT-SIG字段的设计，EHT-SIG字段为图6中的信令字段的一种具体示例，包括：
图10的MU-MIMO场景中PPDU的EHT-SIG字段中用户字段的设计，与前述图9中的SU-MIMO场景中PPDU的EHT-SIG字段中用户字段的设计相近，区别在于：在MU-MIMO场景中，由于PPDU是发送给多个接收端用户的，需要在用户字段1中指示空间流分配，该空间流分配是指在发送端的所有空间流中，分配给用户字段1的接收端的空间流。此时，在用户字段1中，可能不再支持指示空间流分组。在图10的设计中，将空间流分组设置在用户字段2中指示。
参照图10，用户字段1包括STA ID、空间流分组数K、编码和空间流分配等指示信息。其中，空间流分组数K用于指示将当前接收端用户的空间流分为K组空间流，空间流分配用于指示在发送端的多个空间流中，分配给当前接收端的空间流。用户字段2包括第一序列(2044)、空间流分组、组1空间流的MCS1和组2空间流的MCS2-1(可称为MCS2的第一指示信息)。用户字段3包括第一序列(2044)、组2空间流的MCS2-2(可称为MCS2的第二指示信息)和组3空间流的MCS3。
可以理解的是，图10设计中的用户字段1为图6流程中的第一用户字段的一种示例，或者描述为在图10的设计中，图6流程中的第一用户字段包括用户字段1。图10设计中的用户字段2和用户字段3为图6流程中的第二用户字段的一种示例，或者描述为在图10的设计中，图6流程中的第二用户字段包括用户字段2和用户字段3。前已说明，在本申请实施例中，第二用户字段包括一个或多个用户字段，该第二用户字段的设计可能并不完全相同。例如，在图10的设计中，用户字段2和用户字段3的设计并不相同。在用户字段2中，除包括第一序列和MCS的指示信息外，还包括空间流分组等信息。在用户字段3中，包括第一序列和MCS的指示信息，且不包括空间流分组等信息。
在图10的设计中，每个用户字段占用22比特。对于用户字段2，第一序列占用11比特，空间流分组占用6比特，用户字段2的剩余5比特中，其中4比特用于指示组1空间流的MCS1，其中1比特用于指示组2空间流的一部分MCS2(在图10中，表示为MCS2-1)。对于用户字段3，第一序列占用 11比特，用户字段3的剩余11比特中，其中3比特用于指示组2空间流的一部分MCS2(在图10中，表示为MCS2-2)，其中4比特用于指示组3空间流的MCS3。可选地，对于用户字段3的剩余4比特，可以预留，不用于传输任何信息，或者，可以填充为固定数据，不传输任何有实质含义的信息等，不作限制。
在图10的设计中，用户字段1、用户字段2和用户字段3为分配给同一个接收端用户的连续用户字段。
可以理解的是，第二通信装置接收的PPDU，在SU-MIMO场景中，PPDU是发送给一个接收端的。该PPDU的信令字段中的用户字段都是属于一个接收端的。接收端，例如第二通信装置，在信令字段中的用户字段中获取信令信息，利用信令信息，对PPDU中携带的数据进行解调即可。在MU-MIMO场景中，该PPDU是发送给多个接收端的。对于每个接收端，例如第二通信装置，在接收到PPDU时，可采用下述方案，获取属于自己的用户字段：第二通信装置在所述PPDU的信令字段中，确定用户标识与所述第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配的第一用户字段；根据所述第一序列和所述第一用户字段的时域位置，在所述PPDU的信令字段中，确定第二用户字段。
举例来说，在MU-MIMO场景中，存在2个接收端，分别称为接收端1和接收端2。发送端发送的PPDU的信令字段包括4个用户字段，该4个用户字段中的用户字段1和用户字段2是连续的用户字段，是分配给接收端1的。用户字段1包括接收端1的用户标识，用户字段2包括第一序列。该4个用户字段中的用户字段3和用户字段4是连续的用户字段，是分配给接收端2的。用户字段3包括接收端2的用户标识，用户字段4包括第一序列。接收端1在接收到PPDU时，在PPDU的信令字段中，确定用户标识与接收端1的用户相匹配的用户字段1。根据用户字段1的位置和所述第一序列，在PPDU的信令字段中，确定用户字段2。接收端1根据用户字段1和用户字段2，对PPDU中携带的数据解调。比如，接收端1在确定用户字段1时，可判断与用户字段1相邻的下一个用户字段的用户标识是否为第一序列；如果用户字段1相邻的下一个用户字段的用户标识为第一序列，则表示该用户字段1相邻的下一个用户字段是接收端1的用户字段，用户字段1相邻的下一个用户字段可认为是用户字段2。接收端1可继续判断用户字段2相邻的下一个用户字段的用户标识是否为第一序列；该用户字段2相邻的下一个用户字段可称为用户字段3。如果为第一序列，则接收端1继续判断用户字段3相邻的下一个用户字段的用户标识是否为第一序列，直至相邻的下一个用户字段的用户标识不是第一序列为止，则接收端1停止查找过程。在本申请的示例中，用户字段2相邻的下一个用户字段是用户字段3，用户字段3的用户标识并不是第一序列；因此，接收端1在对用户字段3进行判断时，可发现用户字段3的用户标识不是第一序列，则停止继续用户字段的查找过程。接收端1可确定用户字段1和用户字段2是属于接收端1的用户标识。接收端2查找用户字段3和用户字段4的过程，与前述相似，不再说明。
步骤602：第二通信装置根据第一用户字段和第二用户字段，对PPDU中携带的数据进行解调。
可选地，在MU-MIMO的场景中，PPDU是发送给多个接收端的，该多个接收端包括第二通信装置。PPDU中携带的数据为多个接收端的数据。第二通信装置在获取第一用户字段和第二用户字段时，确定第一用户字段和第二用户字段指示的MCS，该指示的MCS对应的空间流。PPDU中携带的数据可以为多个空间流的数据，第二通信装置利用第一用户字段和第二用户字段，对第一用户字段和第二用户字段指示的MCS对应的空间流的数据进行解调。
可选地，在步骤601之前，还可以包括：第一通信装置生成PPDU。
在一种设计中，在图6的流程中，第一通信装置可以为AP，或者应用于AP中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等，不作限制。第二通信装置可以为STA，或者应用于STA中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等。本申请实施例中的方法，应用于AP与STA间的通信。或者，第二通信装置可以为AP，或者应用于AP中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等。本申请实施例中的方法，应用于AP与AP间的通信。或者，
在一种设计中，在图6的流程中，第一通信装置可以为STA，或者应用于STA中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等。第二通信装置可以为AP，或者应用于AP中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等。本申请实施例中的方法，应用于STA与AP间的通信。或者，第二通信装置为STA、或者应用于STA中的芯片、芯片系统或电路等。本申请实施例中的方法，应用于STA与STA间的通信。
可以理解的是，在本申请实施例中的图4、图5、图7至图10的PPDU的帧格式的描述中，是以用户字段中携带的用户标识为STA ID为例描述的。可以理解的是，如果接收端为AP，则用户字段中携带的用户标识可替换为AP ID，不作限制。在本申请实施例中，第一用户字段或第二用户字段包括 STA ID或第一序列、和MCS等指示信息，还可描述为：第一用户字段或第二用户字段包括STA ID子字段或第一序列子字段，和MCS子字段等。
实施例二
在802.11be中，引入了使用多个资源单元(multiple resource unit，MRU)技术。一个MRU包括多个子资源单元(sub RU)。每个子资源单元可以由26-toneRU,52-toneRU，106-toneRU,242-toneRU,484-toneRU,996-toneRU和2x996-toneRU等资源单元组成，tone表示子载波个数。在不同的频带位置，信道的衰减可能会不一样。为了提升传输能力，可在不同的子资源单元内分配不同的MCS。在实施例二中，第二用户字段包括第二通信装置的MRU的子资源单元的至少一个MCS的指示信息。
在一种设计中，PPDU的信令字段中包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，第一用户字段中包括第二通信装置的MRU的子资源单元1的MCS1的指示信息。第二用户字段中包括所述MRU中除子资源单元1外的其它子资源单元的MCS的指示信息。可选的，针对MRU中除子资源单元1外的一个子资源单元的MCS的指示信息，该指示信息可一部分(可称为第一指示信息)位于第一用户字段中，另一部分(可称为第二指示信息)位于第二用户字段中。也就是，第一用户字段中可包括上述子资源单元的MCS的第一指示信息，第二用户字段可包括上述子资源单元的MCS的第二指示信息，第一指示信息和第二指示信息共同用于指示该子资源单元的MCS。
在该实施例二中，在SU-MIMO场景中。与前述图7相似，不同的是，在该实施例二中，用户字段1中包括子资源单元1的MCS1的指示信息，和资源单元2的MCS2-1的指示信息。用户字段2中包括子资源单元3的MCS3的指示信息和子资源单元4的MCS4的指示信息。用户字段3中包括子资源单元5的MCS5的指示信息和子资源单元6的MCS6的指示信息。
在该实施例二中，在MU-MIMO场景中，与前述图8相似，不同的是，在该实施例二中，第一用户字段(即用户字段1)包括子资源单元1的MCS1的指示信息；第二用户字段包括用户字段2，用户字段2包括子资源单元2的MCS2的指示信息和子资源单元3的MCS3的指示信息。可选的，用户字段2还可包括子资源单元4的MCS4的一部分指示信息(即MCS4-1)。
在另一种设计中，可以将接收端的MRU中包括的多个子资源单元分为K组，每组子资源单元的MCS相同，K组子资源单元对应K个MCS。第一用户字段中包括组数K的指示信息。可选的，所述第一用户字段或所述第二用户字段还包括K组子资源单元中每组子资源单元包括子资源单元数量的指示信息。
在该实施例二中，在SU-MIMO场景中。与前述图9相似，不同的是，在实施例二中，第一用户字段，即用户字段1中包括的空间流分组数K可替换为子资源单元分组数K，用于指示将接收端的多个子资源单元分为K组。空间流分组替换为子资源单元分组，用于指示每组子资源单元中包括子资源单元的数量。第二用户字段包括用户字段2和用户字段3。其中，用户字段2包括子资源单元组1的MCS1的指示信息、子资源单元组2的MCS2的指示信息和子资源单元组3的部分MCS的指示信息(可称为MCS3-1for组3)。用户字段3包括子资源单元组3的MCS的指示信息(可称为MCS3-2for组3)和子资源单元组4的MCS4等。
在该实施例二中，在MU-MIMO的场景中。与前述图10相似，不同的是，在实施例二中，用户字段1中的空间流分组数K替换为子资源单元分组数K。用户字段2中的空间流分组替换为子资源单元分组。用户字段2包括子资源单元组1的MCS1和子资源单元组2的MCS2的部分指示信息(可称为MCS2-1for组2)。用户字段3包括子资源单元组2的MCS2的部分指示信息(可称为MCS2-2for组2)和子资源单元组3的MCS3。
实施例三
在本申请实施例中，每个子资源单元对应至少一个空间流。在上述实施例二中，每个子资源单元的空间流的MCS相同，也就是，每个子资源单元对应一个MCS，每个子资源对应的至少一个空间流的MCS相同。在该实施例三中，每个资源单元的空间流的MCS可以不同。也就是，每个子资源单元对应至少一个MCS，同一个子资源单元的不同空间流对应的MCS可以不同。
在一种设计中，第二通信装置接收来自第一通信装置的PDDU的信令字段中包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段。第二用户字段至少包括第二通信装置的MRU中的一个子资源单元的至少一个空间流的 至少一个MCS的指示信息。
举例来说，如图11所示，第一用户字段包括用户字段1，用户字段1中包括STA ID、子资源单元1的空间流的总数量(total NSS for sub RU1)、子资源单元1的空间流1的MCS1(MCS1 in sub RU1)、是否波束赋形(Beamformed)、编码(Coding)、子资源单元2的空间流2的MCS2的一部分指示信息(MCS2-1 in sub RU1)。第二用户字段包括用户字段2和用户字段3等。用户字段2包括第一序列(2044)、子资源单元2的空间流2的MCS2的另一部分指示信息(MCS2-2 in sub RU1)。可选地，用户字段2还可以包括子资源单元3的空间流3的MCS3等。以子资源单元1的空间流数量为3个为例。则用户字段3中包括第一序列(2044)、子资源单元2的空间流数量(total NSS for sub RU2)、子资源单元2的空间流1的MCS1(MCS1 in sub RU2)和子资源单元2的空间流2的MCS2(MCS2 in sub RU2)等。
在上述图11的示例中，每个子资源单元对应至少一个MCS，在PPDU的信令字段中的用户字段中分别指示每个子资源单元的空间流的MCS。举例来说，沿用上述举例，第二终端设备分配的MRU中包括子资源单元1和子资源单元2。子资源单元1对应3个空间流，子资源单元2对应2个空间流，则在PPDU的信令字段的用户字段中需要分别指示子资源单元1的3个空间流各自对应的MCS，和子资源单元2的2个空间流各自对应的MCS等。或者，在一种设计中，考虑子资源单元对应多个空间流的方案中，多个空间流中部分空间流的信噪比相似，可以将子资源单元对应的多个空间流进行分组，每组空间流对应的MCS相同。沿用上述举例，子资源单元1对应3个空间流，可将上述3个空间流，分为2组，每组空间流的MCS相同。则在上述设计中，子资源单元1的3个空间流仅需要指示2个MCS即可，进一步可省PPDU中的信令开销。
可选的，在上述图7至图11的描述中，PPDU的EHT-SIG字段中的公共字段(common field)用来指示公共信息。在正交频分多址(orthogonal frequency division multiple access，OFDMA)场景，公共字段还包含了指示RU大小位置的RU分配子字段(RU allocation subfields)；在非正交频分多址(non-OFDAM)场景，公共字段还包含了指示了用户个数的非正交频分多址的用户数量(number of non-OFDMA User Numbers)等信息。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中：
1、上述各个实施例，重点描述区别之处，各个实施例间的重复部分不再赘述，各个实施例间的描述可相互参见。
2、上述各个实施例中，描述的第一用户字段或第二用户字段中包括的指示信息，例如MCS的指示信息等，可隐示指示对应的信息，或者显示指示对应的信息，不作限制。例如，第一用户字段或第二用户字段可直接携带MCS的信息，用于指示对应的MCS。或者，第一用户字段或第二用户字面可携带其它信息，该其它信息可隐示指示MCS。比如，在接收端(第二通信装置)中可预配置或预设或协议规定MCS与其索引的对应关系。上述第一用户字段或第二用户字段可携带某个MCS的索引，接收端根据上述MCS与其索引的对应关系，可确定某个索引指示的MCS等。
3、上述实施例中，是以在WIFI系统中，应用本实施例的方法为例描述的，可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的方法，还可以应用于其它包括接收端(即第二通信装置)和发送端(即第一通信装置)的通信系统，例如，无线通信系统中，接收端可以为终端，发送端可以为无线接入网设备，或者，发送端可以为无线接入网设备，接收端可以是终端设备等。
上述主要从通信装置交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，为了实现上述功能，第一通信装置和第二通信装置可以包括执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请的实施例能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对第一通信装置和第二通信装置进行功能单元的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
图12示出了本申请实施例中所涉及的装置的可能的示例性框图。如图12所示，装置1200可以包括：处理单元1202和通信单元1203。处理单元1202用于对装置1200的动作进行控制管理。通信单元 1203用于支持装置1200与其他设备的通信。可选地，通信单元1203也称为收发单元，可以包括接收单元和/或发送单元，分别用于执行接收和发送操作。装置1200还可以包括存储单元1201，用于存储装置1200的程序代码和/或数据。
该装置1200可以为上述实施例中的第二通信装置，该第二通信装置为STA、或者还可以为设置在STA中的部件(例如电路、芯片或芯片系统)等，或者该第二通信装置为AP，或者设置在AP中的部件等。处理单元1202可以支持装置1200执行上文中各方法示例中第二通信装置的动作。或者，处理单元1202主要执行方法示例中的第二通信装置的内部动作，通信单元1203可以支持装置1200与其它设备之间的通信。
比如，在一个实施例中，通信单元1203用于：接收来自第一通信装置的物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的多个调制和编码方案MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展；处理单元1202用于：根据所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段，对所述PPDU中携带的数据进行解调。
该装置1200可以为上述实施例中的第一通信装置，第一通信装置可以为AP、或者还可以为设置在AP中的部件(例如电路、芯片或者芯片系统)，或者可以为STA，或者还可以为设置在STA中的部件。处理单元1202可以支持装置1200执行上文中各方法示例中第一通信装置的动作。或者，处理单元1202主要执行方法示例中的第一通信装置的内部动作，通信单元1203可以支持装置1200与其它设备之间的通信。
在一个实施例中，处理单元1202用于生成物理层协议数据单元PPDU：通信单元1203用于向第二通信装置发送所述PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与所述第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的多个调制和编码方案MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展。
应理解以上装置中单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且装置中的单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元以硬件的形式实现。例如，各个单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在装置的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于存储器中，由装置的某一个处理元件调用并执行该单元的功能。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件又可以成为处理器，可以是一种具有信号的处理能力的集成电路。在实现过程中，上述方法的各操作或以上各个单元可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路实现或者以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现。
在一个例子中，以上任一装置中的单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。再如，当装置中的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是处理器，比如通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
以上用于接收的单元是一种该装置的接口电路，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该接收单元是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号的接口电路。以上用于发送的单元是一种该装置的接口电路，用于向其它装置发送信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该发送单元是该芯片用于向其它芯片或装置发送信号的接口电路。
参见图13，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图，用于实现以上实施例中AP，或者设置于AP中的部件的操作。
如图13所示，通信装置1300可包括处理器1301、存储器1302以及接口电路1303。处理器1301可用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对通信装置1300进行控制。存储器1302可用于存储程序和数据，处理器1301可基于该程序执行本申请实施例中由AP或AP中的部件执行的方法。接口电路1303可用于通信装置1300与其他设备进行通信，该通信可以为有线通信或无线通信，该接口电路也 可以替换为收发器。
以上存储器1302也可以是外接于通信装置1300，此时通信装置1300可包括接口电路1303以及处理器1301。以上接口电路1303也可以是外接于通信装置1300，此时通信装置1300可包括存储器1302以及处理器1301。当接口电路1303以及存储器1302均外接于通信装置1300时，通信装置1300可包括处理器1301。
图13所示的通信装置能够实现上述方法实施例中涉及AP的各个过程。图13所示的通信装置中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详述描述。
参见图14，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图，用于实现以上实施例中STA或STA中部件的操作。如图14所示，该通信装置包括：天线1410、射频部分1420、信号处理部分1430。天线1410与射频部分1420连接。在下行方向上，射频部分1420通过天线1410接收AP发送的信息，将AP发送的信息发送给信号处理部分1430进行处理。在上行方向上，信号处理部分1430对STA的信息进行处理，并发送给射频部分1420，射频部分1420对STA的信息进行处理后经过天线1410发送给AP。
信号处理部分1430可以包括调制解调子系统，用于实现对数据各通信协议层的处理；还可以包括中央处理子系统，用于实现对STA操作系统以及应用层的处理；此外，还可以包括其它子系统，例如多媒体子系统，周边子系统等，其中多媒体子系统用于实现对相机，屏幕显示等的控制，周边子系统用于实现与其它设备的连接。调制解调子系统可以为单独设置的芯片。
调制解调子系统可以包括一个或多个处理元件1431，例如，包括一个主控CPU和其它集成电路。此外，该调制解调子系统还可以包括存储元件1432和接口电路1433。存储元件1432用于存储数据和程序，但用于执行以上方法中STA所执行的方法的程序可能不存储于该存储元件1432中，而是存储于调制解调子系统之外的存储器中，使用时调制解调子系统加载使用。接口电路1433用于与其它子系统通信。
该调制解调子系统可以通过芯片实现，该芯片包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中处理元件用于执行以上STA执行的任一种方法的各个步骤，接口电路用于与其它装置通信。在一种实现中，STA实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现，例如用于STA的装置包括处理元件和存储元件，处理元件调用存储元件存储的程序，以执行以上方法实施例中STA执行的方法。存储元件可以为与处理元件处于同一芯片上的存储元件，即片内存储元件。
在另一种实现中，用于执行以上方法中STA所执行的方法的程序可以在与处理元件处于不同芯片上的存储元件，即片外存储元件。此时，处理元件从片外存储元件调用或加载程序于片内存储元件上，以调用并执行以上方法实施例中STA执行的方法。
在又一种实现中，STA实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以是被配置成一个或多个处理元件，这些处理元件设置于调制解调子系统上，这里的处理元件可以为集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA，或者这些类集成电路的组合。这些集成电路可以集成在一起，构成芯片。
STA实现以上方法中各个步骤的单元可以集成在一起，以SOC的形式实现，该SOC芯片，用于实现以上方法。该芯片内可以集成至少一个处理元件和存储元件，由处理元件调用存储元件的存储的程序的形式实现以上STA执行的方法；或者，该芯片内可以集成至少一个集成电路，用于实现以上STA执行的方法；或者，可以结合以上实现方式，部分单元的功能通过处理元件调用程序的形式实现，部分单元的功能通过集成电路的形式实现。
可见，以上用于STA的装置可以包括至少一个处理元件和接口电路，其中至少一个处理元件用于执行以上方法实施例所提供的任一种STA执行的方法。处理元件可以以第一种方式：即调用存储元件存储的程序的方式执行STA执行的部分或全部步骤；也可以以第二种方式：即通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路结合指令的方式执行STA执行的部分或全部步骤；当然，也可以结合第一种方式和第二种方式执行STA执行的部分或全部步骤。
这里的处理元件同以上描述，可以通过处理器实现，处理元件的功能可以和图11中所描述的处理单元的功能相同。示例性地，处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如CPU，还可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个微处理器DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA等，或这些集成电路形式中至少两种的组合。存储元件可以通过存储器实现，存储元件的功 能可以和图11中所描述的存储单元的功能相同。存储元件可以是一个存储器，也可以是多个存储器的统称。
图14所示的STA能够实现上述方法实施例中涉及STA的各个过程。图14所示的STA中的各个模块的操作和/或功能，分别为了实现上述方法实施例中的相应流程。具体可参见上述方法实施例中的描述，为避免重复，此处适当省略详述描述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统可以包括第一通信装置和第二通信装置，其中，第一通信装置用于执行上述方法实施例中第一通信装置侧的步骤，第二通信装置用于执行上述方法实施例中第二通信装置侧的步骤。
本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”可被互换使用。“至少一种”是指一种或者多种，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A、同时存在A和B、单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如“A，B和C中的至少一个”包括A，B，C，AB，AC，BC或ABC。以及，除非有特别说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词是用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收来自第一通信装置的物理层协议数据单元PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的多个调制和编码方案MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展；
    根据所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段，对所述PPDU中携带的数据进行解调。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括至少一个用户字段。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：
    所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息，或者，所述第二通信装置的多个资源单元MRU的子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元分为K组，K为大于1的正整数，每组空间流或每组子资源单元的MCS相同，K组空间流或K组子资源单元对应K个MCS。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段中还包括组数K的指示信息。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段或所述第二用户字段还包括K组空间流中每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息，或者包括K组子资源单元中每组子资源单元包括子资源单元数量的指示信息。
  7. 如权利要求4至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：
    所述第二用户字段包括所述K组空间流的K个MCS的指示信息，或者所述K组子资源单元的K个MCS的指示信息。
  8. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：
    所述第二用户字段至少包括所述第二通信装置的MRU中的一个子资源单元的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息。
  9. 如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段为连续的用户字段。
  10. 如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个MCS包括第一MCS，所述第一用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第一指示信息，所述第二用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息和所述第二指示信息共同用于指示所述第一MCS。
  11. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成物理层协议数据单元PPDU；
    向第二通信装置发送所述PPDU，所述PPDU的信令字段包括第一用户字段和第二用户字段，所述第一用户字段包括用户标识，所述用户标识与所述第二通信装置的用户标识相匹配，所述第二用户字段包括第一序列和所述第二通信装置的多个调制和编码方案MCS的指示信息，所述第一序列用于指示所述第二用户字段为所述第一用户字段的扩展。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括至少一个用户字段。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：
    所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息，或者，所述第二通信装置的多个资源单元MRU的子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元分为K组，K为大于1的正整数，每组空间流或每组子资源单元的MCS相同，K组空间流或K组子资源单元对应K个MCS。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段中还包括组数K的指示信息。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段或所述第二用户字段还包括 K组空间流中每组空间流包括空间流数量的指示信息，或者包括K组子资源单元中每组子资源单元包括子资源单元数量的指示信息。
  17. 如权利要求14至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个空间流或多个子资源单元的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：
    所述第二用户字段包括所述K组空间流的K个MCS的指示信息，或者所述K组子资源单元的K个MCS的指示信息。
  18. 如权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二用户字段包括所述第二通信装置的多个MCS的指示信息，包括：
    所述第二用户字段至少包括所述第二通信装置的MRU中的一个子资源单元的多个空间流的多个MCS的指示信息。
  19. 如权利要求11至18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户字段和所述第二用户字段为连续的用户字段。
  20. 如权利要求11至19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个MCS包括第一MCS，所述第一用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第一指示信息，所述第二用户字段还包括所述第一MCS的第二指示信息，所述第一指示信息和所述第二指示信息共同用于指示所述第一MCS。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至10中的任一项所述方法的单元。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种通信置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所述处理器用于实现权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求11至20中的任一项所述方法的单元。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收来自所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信号并传输至所述处理器或将来自所述处理器的信号发送给所述通信装置之外的其它通信装置，所述处理器通过逻辑电路或执行代码指令用于实现如权利要求11至20中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和存储器耦合，所述处理器用于实现权利要求11至20中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：第一通信装置，所述第一通信装置用于实现权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法；
    第二通信装置，所述第二通信装置用于实现权利要求11至20中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，或者实现如权利要求11至20中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被装置运行时，使得权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法被执行，或者权利要求11至20中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  30. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，使得所述芯片实现权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，或者实现权利要求11至20中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/127611 2022-11-23 2023-10-30 一种通信方法及装置 Ceased WO2024109457A1 (zh)

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