WO2024113091A1 - 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备 - Google Patents

一种电极结构及可穿戴设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024113091A1
WO2024113091A1 PCT/CN2022/134676 CN2022134676W WO2024113091A1 WO 2024113091 A1 WO2024113091 A1 WO 2024113091A1 CN 2022134676 W CN2022134676 W CN 2022134676W WO 2024113091 A1 WO2024113091 A1 WO 2024113091A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
electrode structure
electrode
connector
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/134676
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周鑫
廖风云
齐心
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2022/134676 priority Critical patent/WO2024113091A1/zh
Priority to CN202280096285.6A priority patent/CN119212621A/zh
Priority to EP22966696.1A priority patent/EP4512335A4/en
Publication of WO2024113091A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024113091A1/zh
Priority to US18/954,461 priority patent/US20250072806A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/005—Electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/251—Means for maintaining electrode contact with the body
    • A61B5/256—Wearable electrodes, e.g. having straps or bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/271—Arrangements of electrodes with cords, cables or leads, e.g. single leads or patient cord assemblies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A61B5/282—Holders for multiple electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/291—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electroencephalography [EEG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/296—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electromyography [EMG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/389—Electromyography [EMG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
    • A61B5/6804—Garments; Clothes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813—Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6824—Arm or wrist
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/005—Electrodes
    • H01G4/012—Form of non-self-supporting electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/228—Terminals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
    • A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
    • A61B2562/0209—Special features of electrodes classified in A61B5/24, A61B5/25, A61B5/283, A61B5/291, A61B5/296, A61B5/053

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of signal acquisition, and in particular to an electrode structure and a wearable device.
  • Smart wearable devices can monitor the physiological signals of the human body (for example, ECG signals, EMG signals, etc.) in real time to monitor the user's physiological condition and provide exercise guidance for the user.
  • the monitoring of physiological signals such as ECG signals and EMG signals by smart wearable devices mainly depends on electrodes. By integrating electrodes on clothing (tops, pants, straps, etc.) to fit the user's skin, the user's ECG signals, EMG signals and other physiological signals can be collected and analyzed.
  • the electrode is limited by the material itself, its elasticity is often difficult to have a good performance (for example, poor elasticity), which will cause users to feel uncomfortable when wearing the corresponding wearable device, such as foreign body sensation, restrained movement, blocked force, and inconvenient to put on and take off.
  • One of the embodiments of the present application provides an electrode structure, comprising: a plurality of electrodes, each of the plurality of electrodes being flexibly connected to at least another of the plurality of electrodes via at least a connector, and the connector being capable of electrically conducting the connected electrodes.
  • a wearable device comprising: a wearable portion, comprising a substrate that fits the user's body; at least two first electrodes, spaced apart on the substrate, for fitting the skin to respectively collect physiological signals; and at least two second electrodes, spaced apart on the substrate and electrically connected via a connector, the at least two second electrodes fitting the skin to provide a reference voltage for the physiological signals.
  • One of the embodiments of the present specification also provides a wearable device, comprising: a wearable portion, comprising a base that fits the user's body; at least two electrode structures, the at least two electrode structures are arranged on the base at intervals, and are used to fit the skin to collect physiological signals, wherein each of the electrode structures comprises a plurality of electrodes, each of the plurality of electrodes is electrically connected to at least another of the plurality of electrodes via a connector, and the electrode structures are configured to collect electrical signals from the same target muscle of the user's body.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a wearable device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wearable device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the embodiment of the present specification provides an electrode structure, which includes a plurality of electrodes, each of the plurality of electrodes is softly connected to at least another of the plurality of electrodes through at least a connector, and the connector can electrically conduct the connected electrodes.
  • the plurality of electrodes in the electrode structure provided in the embodiment of the present specification are softly connected through a connector, and can have a large deformability, so that when the electrode structure is applied to a wearable device and fits with human skin to collect physiological signals of the human body (for example, electromyographic signals, electrocardiographic signals, etc.), the large deformability of the electrode structure can meet the user's convenience in wearing and taking off the wearable device, and will not restrict the user's movements (reaching, lifting legs, bending, etc.), hinder the user's force, and ensure that the user has a good sense of comfort.
  • the electrode structure provided in the embodiment of the present specification can reduce the foreign body sensation brought to the user by the electrode structure when the user wears the electrode structure of the wearable device, and at the same time ensure that the position where the electrode structure is set on the wearable device is not easy to be damaged.
  • the deformability of the electrode structure provided in the embodiment of the present specification may refer to the maximum deformation that can be produced when the electrode structure is subjected to force and no irreversible damage (for example, fracture) occurs, wherein the deformation of the electrode structure may refer to deformation such as bending and stretching of the electrode structure.
  • the deformable amount of the electrode structure in the direction can be adjusted, so that the electrode structure can meet the use requirements in more application scenarios.
  • the deformable amount of the electrode structure can be increased by reducing the elastic coefficient of the electrode structure.
  • the "soft connection" involved in this specification may refer to a connection that can achieve relative displacement (for example, relatively close to or away from each other) or corner deformation between two objects to be connected (for example, two electrodes), and can be restored to the initial shape under the action of external force or under the elastic action of itself.
  • the soft connection can be achieved by connecting an elastic member (for example, the wire 520 shown in Figure 5) between the two objects to be connected, and the elastic member has a certain ability to scalably deform, and the scalable deformation of the elastic member can drive the relative displacement between the two objects to be connected.
  • the soft connection can be realized by connecting a structural member (e.g., the wire 620 shown in FIG. 6) between two objects to be connected, which has a certain length and can be unfolded, folded, bent, etc. under the action of an external force to change its redundant length. The unfolding or folding of the structural member can drive the relative displacement between the two objects to be connected.
  • the electrode structure provided in the embodiments of this specification can be applied to a device for collecting one or more physiological signals, such as a smart wearable device (or wearable device), a medical detection device, or a signal analysis device.
  • the smart wearable device can be worn on various parts of the human body (e.g., calf, thigh, waist, back, chest, shoulder, neck, etc.) to collect physiological signals of various parts of the user's body in different states, and the collected signals can be further processed later.
  • the smart wearable device may include a smart bracelet, smart shoes and socks, smart glasses, smart helmets, smart watches, smart clothes, smart pants, smart backpacks, smart accessories, etc., or any combination thereof.
  • the physiological signal is a signal that can be detected and can reflect the state of the body, for example, it can include a variety of signals such as a respiratory signal, an electrocardiogram signal (ECG), an electromyogram signal, a blood pressure signal, and a temperature signal.
  • ECG electrocardiogram signal
  • EMG electrocardiogram signal
  • electromyogram signal
  • blood pressure signal blood pressure signal
  • temperature signal a signal that can reflect the state of the body.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the electrode structure 100 may include a plurality of electrodes 110, each of the plurality of electrodes 110 is softly connected to at least one other of the plurality of electrodes 110 through a connector 120, and the connector 120 may electrically connect the connected electrodes.
  • each of the plurality of electrodes 110 has one or more adjacent electrodes 110, and each electrode 110 may be softly connected to one or more of the adjacent electrodes 110 through a connector 120.
  • each electrode 110 may be softly connected to all adjacent electrodes 110 through a connector 120.
  • all electrodes 110 adjacent to a certain electrode 110 may include all electrodes 110 adjacent to the electrode 110 along the first direction and all electrodes 110 adjacent to the electrode 110 along the second direction.
  • each electrode 110 under the condition that all electrodes 110 can be electrically conductive, each electrode 110 can also be softly connected to only some of the electrodes 110 adjacent to it through the connector 120.
  • the connector 120 By realizing soft connection between each electrode 110 and one or more electrodes 110 adjacent to it through a conductive connector 120, on the one hand, it is equivalent to increasing the fitting area between the electrode structure 100 and the human skin, which is convenient for improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the deformability of the electrode structure 100 can be increased, and when it is applied to fit the human skin to collect physiological signals of the human body, it can ensure that the human body has a good sense of comfort.
  • the first direction can be perpendicular to the second direction.
  • the electrode structure 100 can be used to fit the human skin to collect electromyographic signals, and the first direction can be the length direction of the muscle fiber, and the second direction can be the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the muscle fiber.
  • the electrode structure 100 can be attached to the position of the leg muscles of the human body, in which case the first direction can be the axial direction of the leg, and the second direction can be the circumferential direction of the leg.
  • the electrode structure 100 can also be attached to the position of the waist muscles of the human body, in which case the first direction can be the axial direction of the lumbar spine, and the second direction can be the circumferential direction of the waist.
  • the plurality of electrodes 110 may be distributed in a rectangular array as shown in FIG. 1 , or in an array form such as a ring or a circle. In some embodiments, the plurality of electrodes 110 may be distributed irregularly, for example, a majority of the plurality of electrodes 110 may be concentrated at locations where monitoring is more difficult or requires particular attention, and a smaller number of the plurality of electrodes 110 may be dispersed at other locations. For ease of description, this specification will mainly introduce an electrode structure in which a plurality of electrodes are distributed in a rectangular array.
  • the electrode structure 100 may further include a substrate 130, and a plurality of electrodes 110 may be arranged on the substrate 130 along a first direction and a second direction, respectively, and the electrode structure 100 may have different deformable amounts in the first direction and the second direction, respectively.
  • the electrode structure 100 has different elastic coefficients in the first direction and the second direction, respectively, so that the electrode structure 100 has different deformable amounts in the first direction and the second direction, respectively.
  • the elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction is the first elastic coefficient
  • the elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction is the second elastic coefficient.
  • the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
  • the number of electrodes 110 distributed in each row along the first direction in the electrode structure 100 may be the same as the number of electrodes 110 distributed in each column along the second direction in the electrode structure 100. In some embodiments, the number of electrodes 110 distributed in each row along the first direction in the electrode structure 100 may be different from the number of electrodes 110 distributed in each column along the second direction in the electrode structure 100. For example, the number of electrodes 110 distributed along the first direction in each row of the electrode structure 100 may be greater than or less than the number of electrodes 110 distributed along the second direction in each column of the electrode structure 100.
  • the substrate 130 may be made of a flexible insulating material (e.g., resin, soft PVC, silicone), and may be rectangular, circular, or other irregular shapes.
  • the electrode 110 may be fixedly connected to the substrate 130 by means of pasting, clamping, welding, etc.
  • the substrate 130 may be a part of a wearable portion (e.g., a top, trousers, a belt, a strap, etc.) for a user to wear in the wearable device, or may be provided separately from the wearable portion, and then fixedly connected to the surface of the wearable portion that fits the user's body by means of pasting, clamping, welding, etc., so that the electrode structure 100 may be fixed on the wearable portion to fit the user's skin to collect physiological signals.
  • a wearable portion e.g., a top, trousers, a belt, a strap, etc.
  • the deformability of the substrate 130 (or the deformability of the wearable part) can be consistent or substantially consistent with the deformability of the connector 120, so that when the user wears the wearable device, the discomfort caused by the electrode structure to the user can be reduced, while ensuring that the position where the electrode structure 100 is set on the wearable part is not easily damaged.
  • the electrode structure 100 may not include the substrate 130, and each electrode 110 and one or more adjacent electrodes 110 can be softly connected only through the connector 120.
  • the electrode 110 may be a sheet structure, and the shape of the electrode 110 may be a regular shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a diamond, or other irregular shapes.
  • the electrode 110 may be an electrode made of a single material, such as a metal fabric electrode, a conductive silicon electrode, a hydrogel electrode, a metal electrode, etc.
  • the electrode 110 may be a metal fabric electrode or a conductive silicon electrode.
  • the resistivity of the metal fabric electrode is smaller, and when the electrode structure 100 is used to fit the human skin to collect physiological signals, the impedance of the metal fabric electrode and the contact impedance between the skin are also smaller.
  • the thickness of the metal fabric electrode when using a metal fabric electrode to collect physiological signals, the thickness of the metal fabric electrode may be 10 ⁇ m to 5 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the metal fabric electrode may be 100 ⁇ m to 3 mm. Further preferably, the thickness of the metal fabric electrode may be 500 ⁇ m to 2 mm.
  • the electrode 110 can also be an electrode formed by superimposing different materials, such as an electrode composed of a metal fabric material and a conductive silicon material. Not only is the contact impedance between the electrode and the skin small, but the conductive silicon in contact with the skin has the advantages of being skin-friendly and resistant to washing, thereby avoiding discomfort to the human body caused by the contact between the electrode and the skin.
  • the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction can be adjusted by controlling the size of the electrode 110 to adjust the deformability of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and/or the second direction. In some embodiments, the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction can be adjusted by controlling the ratio of the maximum size of the electrode 110 in the first direction to the maximum size of the electrode 110 in the second direction.
  • the ratio between the maximum size of the electrode 110 in the first direction and the maximum size in the second direction can be 0.1 to 10. In some embodiments, the ratio between the maximum size of the electrode 110 in the first direction and the maximum size in the second direction can be 0.5 to 9. In some embodiments, the ratio between the maximum size of the electrode 110 in the first direction and the maximum size in the second direction can be 1 to 8.
  • the ratio of the maximum dimension of the electrode 110 in the first direction to the maximum dimension of the second direction can be designed according to the elasticity requirement of the electrode structure 100 in the application scenario. For example, when the electrode structure 100 is in contact with human skin, the smaller deformability of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction has a significant effect on improving the comfort of the human body. In this case, the ratio of the maximum dimension of the electrode 110 in the first direction to the maximum dimension of the second direction can be designed to be larger.
  • the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction can be adjusted by controlling the number and area of the electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 and the ratio of the total area of the electrode structure 100 to the sum of the areas of all the electrodes 110 to adjust the deformability of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and/or the second direction.
  • the number of electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 2 to 1000. In some embodiments, the number of electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 10 to 1000. In some embodiments, the number of electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 20 to 1000. In some embodiments, the number of electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 100 to 1000. In some embodiments, the number of electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 500 to 1000. It should be noted that the number of electrodes shown in FIG1 is only an example and is not intended to be limiting.
  • the area of each electrode 110 in the electrode structure 100 can be 1 mm 2 to 20 mm 2 .
  • the area of each electrode 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 2 mm 2 to 18 mm 2 . In some embodiments, the area of each electrode 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 2 mm 2 to 15 mm 2 . In some embodiments, the area of each electrode 110 in the electrode structure 100 may be 2 mm 2 to 10 mm 2 .
  • the larger the ratio of the area of the electrode structure 100 to the sum of the areas of all the electrodes 110, the larger the spacing between adjacent electrodes 110 may be, the larger the length of the connector 120 connected between adjacent electrodes 110 (for example, the maximum dimension of the connector 120 in the first direction or the maximum dimension of the connector 120 in the second direction), the smaller the elastic coefficient of the connector 120, the larger the deformability of the connector 120, and the larger the deformability of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and/or the second direction.
  • the area of the electrode structure 100 may refer to the area of the overall shape presented by the electrode structure 100.
  • the ratio of the area of the electrode structure 100 to the sum of the areas of all the electrodes 110 may be 1 to 1000. In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of the electrode structure 100 to the sum of the areas of all the electrodes 110 may be 2 to 100. In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of the electrode structure 100 to the sum of the areas of all the electrodes 110 may be 2 to 10. In some embodiments, the ratio of the area of the electrode structure 100 to the sum of the areas of all the electrodes 110 may be 4 to 10.
  • the deformability of the electrode structure in the first direction and/or the second direction can be adjusted by controlling the number of connectors provided along the first direction of the electrode structure and the number of connectors provided along the second direction of the electrode structure.
  • the first elastic coefficient in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction can be adjusted by controlling the number of connectors provided along the first direction of the electrode structure and the number of connectors provided along the second direction of the electrode structure, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the deformability of the electrode structure in the first direction and/or the second direction.
  • the number of connectors 120 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 100 may be the same as the number of connectors 120 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 100, and the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction may be the same or substantially the same, so that the deformability of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and the deformability of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction can be the same or substantially the same.
  • the first elastic coefficient (deformability) of the electrode structure 100 in the first direction and the second elastic coefficient (deformability) of the electrode structure 100 in the second direction are substantially the same, which may mean that the difference between the first elastic coefficient and the second elastic coefficient is within 1% to 10%.
  • each row of two adjacent electrodes 110 distributed along the first direction are connected by a connector 120
  • each column of two adjacent electrodes 110 distributed along the second direction are connected by a connector 120, wherein the number of connectors 120 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 100 and the number of connectors disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure are both 12.
  • all electrodes 110 when all electrodes 110 are electrically conductive, only two electrodes 110 that are partially distributed along the first direction and adjacent to each other in the electrode structure 100 may be connected by a connector 120, and two electrodes 110 that are partially distributed along the second direction and adjacent to each other may be connected by a connector 120, as long as the number of connectors 120 set in the first direction of the electrode structure 100 is the same as the number of connectors 120 set in the second direction of the electrode structure 100.
  • electrical conduction between all electrodes 110 can be understood as any two electrodes 110 in the electrode structure 100 can be directly or indirectly connected through one or more connectors 120 to achieve electrical conduction. It should be noted that the number of electrodes 110 and connectors 120 shown in FIG.
  • the number of connectors set in the first direction and the number of connectors set in the second direction of the electrode structure can be designed with reference to how the number of connectors 120 set in the first direction and the number of connectors 120 set in the second direction of the electrode structure 100 are designed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the number of connectors 220 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 200 may be greater than the number of connectors 220 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 200, and the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 200 in the first direction may be greater than the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 200 in the second direction, so that the deformability of the electrode structure 200 in the first direction may be less than the deformability of the electrode structure 200 in the second direction.
  • the electrode 210, the connector 220 and the substrate 230 in the electrode structure 200 are similar to the electrode 110, the connector 120 and the substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, respectively.
  • the electrode 210, the connector 220 and the substrate 230 in the electrode structure 200 reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the electrode 110, the connector 120 and the substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, which will not be repeated here.
  • the number of connectors 220 provided in the first direction of the electrode structure 200 can be greater than the number of connectors 220 provided in the second direction of the electrode structure 200, so that the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 200 in the first direction is greater than the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 200 in the second direction, resulting in the deformability of the electrode structure 200 in the first direction being less than the deformability of the electrode structure 200 in the second direction.
  • the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 200 in the first direction can be greater than the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 200 in the second direction, so that the deformability of the electrode structure 200 in the first direction is less than the deformability in the second direction.
  • the number of connectors 220 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 200 is 12, and the number of connectors 220 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 200 is 6.
  • the 12 connectors 220 disposed along the first direction in the electrode structure 200 can be used to connect all two adjacent electrodes 210 distributed in the first direction in the electrode structure 200, and 3 connectors 220 of the 6 connectors 220 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 200 can be used to connect the 4 electrodes 210 distributed in the first column from left to right in the electrode structure 200, and the other 3 connectors 220 can be used to connect the 4 electrodes 210 distributed in the last column from left to right in the electrode structure 200.
  • the number of connectors 220 arranged along the second direction of the electrode structure 200 can be three.
  • the three connectors 220 can be used to connect four electrodes distributed in the same column of the electrode structure 200, or to connect two adjacent electrodes 210 distributed in different columns of the electrode structure 200, wherein four of the electrodes 210 connected by the three connectors 220 are distributed in different rows.
  • the first connector 220 of the three connectors 220 can be used to connect two adjacent electrodes 210 distributed in the first column
  • the second connector 220 of the three connectors 220 can be used to connect two adjacent electrodes 210 distributed in the second column
  • the third connector 220 of the three connectors 220 can be used to connect two adjacent electrodes 210 distributed in the third column, wherein four electrodes 210 connected by the three connectors need to be distributed in different rows to meet the requirement of electrical conductivity between all electrodes 210.
  • the number of connectors 220 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 200 can be greater than three and less than the number of connectors 220 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 200, for example, the number of connectors 220 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 200 can also be 4, 5, 6, 7, etc.
  • the number of connectors 220 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 200 can also be 4, 5, 6, 7, etc.
  • when all electrodes 210 are electrically conductive only some of the electrodes 210 in the electrode structure 200 that are distributed along the first direction and adjacent to each other are connected by connectors 120, as long as the number of connectors 220 arranged along the first direction is greater than the number of connectors 220 arranged along the second direction.
  • each row of electrodes 210 in the electrode structure 200 may refer to a plurality of electrodes 210 that are distributed along a direction parallel to the first direction and in the same straight line in the electrode structure 200
  • each column of electrodes 210 in the electrode structure 200 may refer to a plurality of electrodes 210 that are distributed along a direction parallel to the second direction and in the same straight line in the electrode structure 200.
  • the number of electrodes 210 and connectors 220 shown in FIG. 2 is only an example and is not intended to be limiting.
  • the number of connectors arranged along the first direction and the number of connectors arranged along the second direction of the electrode structure may be designed with reference to the number of connectors 220 of the connectors 210 arranged along the first direction and the number of connectors 220 arranged along the second direction of the electrode structure 200.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the number of connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 may be less than the number of connectors 320 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 300, and the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 300 in the first direction may be greater than the elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 300 in the second direction, so that the deformability of the electrode structure 300 in the first direction may be greater than the deformability in the second direction.
  • the electrode 310, the connector 320 and the substrate 330 in the electrode structure 300 are similar to the electrode 110, the connector 120 and the substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, respectively.
  • the electrode 310, the connector 320 and the substrate 330 in the electrode structure 300 reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the electrode 110, the connector 120 and the substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, which will not be repeated here.
  • the number of connectors 320 provided in the second direction of the electrode structure 300 can be greater than the number of connectors 320 provided in the first direction of the electrode structure 300, so that the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 300 in the first direction is less than the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 300 in the second direction, resulting in the electrode structure 300
  • the deformable amount in the first direction can be greater than the deformable amount in the second direction.
  • the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 300 in the first direction can be less than the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 300 in the second direction, so that the electrode structure 300 The deformable amount in the first direction is greater than the deformable amount in the second direction.
  • the number of connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 is 6, and the number of connectors 320 disposed along the second direction of the electrode structure 300 is 12.
  • the 12 connectors 220 disposed along the second direction in the electrode structure 200 can be used to connect all two adjacent electrodes 210 in the electrode structure 200 that are distributed in the second direction, and three connectors 320 of the connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 can be used to connect the four electrodes 310 distributed in the first row from top to bottom in the electrode structure 300, and the other three connectors 320 can be used to connect the four electrodes 310 distributed in the last row from top to bottom in the electrode structure 300.
  • the number of connectors 320 arranged along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 can be three.
  • the three connectors 320 can be used to connect four electrodes 310 distributed in the same row of the electrode structure 300, or to connect two adjacent electrodes 310 distributed in different rows of the electrode structure 300, wherein four of the electrodes 210 connected by the three connectors are distributed in different columns.
  • the first connector 320 of the three connectors 220 can be used to connect two adjacent electrodes 310 distributed in the first row
  • the second connector 320 of the three connectors 220 can be used to connect two adjacent electrodes 310 distributed in the second row
  • the third connector 320 of the three connectors 220 can be used to connect two adjacent electrodes 310 distributed in the third row, wherein four electrodes 210 of the electrodes 310 connected by the three connectors need to be distributed in different columns to meet the requirement of electrical conductivity between all electrodes 310.
  • the number of connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 can be greater than three and less than the number of connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300, for example, the number of connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 can also be 4, 5, 6, 7, etc.
  • the number of connectors 320 disposed along the first direction of the electrode structure 300 can also be 4, 5, 6, 7, etc.
  • when all electrodes 310 are electrically conductive only some of the electrodes 310 in the electrode structure 300 are distributed along the second direction and adjacent electrodes 310 are connected by connectors 120, as long as the number of connectors 320 arranged along the first direction is less than the number of connectors 220 arranged along the second direction.
  • each row of electrodes 310 in the electrode structure 300 may refer to a plurality of electrodes 310 distributed along a direction parallel to the first direction in the electrode structure 300 and in the same straight line.
  • the number of electrodes 310 and connectors 320 shown in FIG. 3 is only an example and is not intended to be limiting.
  • the number of connectors arranged in the first direction and the number of connectors arranged in the second direction of the electrode structure can be designed with reference to the number of connectors 320 arranged in the first direction and the number of connectors 320 arranged in the second direction of the electrode structure 300.
  • Each electrode (e.g., electrode 110, 210, or 310) in the electrode structure (e.g., electrode structure 100, 200, or 300) provided in the embodiments of this specification is flexibly connected to one or more adjacent electrodes at least through a connector (e.g., connector 120, 220, or 320), and has a large deformation range, which can ensure that the human body has a good sense of comfort when used to collect physiological signals from human skin.
  • the connector may include a conductive structure, which is conductive, and each of the multiple electrodes is connected to at least another of the multiple electrodes through the conductive structure, so that the two connected electrodes are electrically conductive and can be relatively displaced.
  • the natural length of the conductive structure is greater than the initial spacing between the connected electrodes. In some embodiments, in order to enable the natural length of the conductive structure to cooperate with the tensile deformation of the electrode structure, and considering that the stretching amount of the electrode structure will not be too large, the ratio between the natural length of the conductive structure and the connected electrode can be 1.5 to 10.
  • the conductive structure may be an elastic conductive structure, and the conductive structure may be elastically retractable along its axial direction.
  • the elastic retractability of the conductive structure along its axial direction may refer to the conductive structure being able to stretch or shorten in the axial direction under the action of an external force and being able to return to its initial length after the external force disappears.
  • the conductive structure may have a deformable amount, which may directly affect the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient in the second direction.
  • the deformable amount of the conductive structure may refer to the percentage difference between the maximum length after the elastic elongation along the axial direction when the conductive structure is about to undergo plastic deformation (or fracture) and the initial length of the conductive structure.
  • the greater the deformable amount of the conductive structure the smaller the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 500 in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient in the second direction, and the greater the deformable amount of the electrode structure 500 in the first direction and/or in the second direction.
  • the deformable amount of the conductive structure may be 5% to 200%.
  • the deformable amount of the conductive structure may be 20% to 200%.
  • the deformable amount of the conductive structure may be 50% to 200%.
  • the conductive structure may be deformable by 100% to 200%.
  • the conductive structure and the electrode may be a split structure, and the two ends of the conductive structure may be connected to the two electrodes by bonding, welding, detachable connection, etc. In some embodiments, the two ends of the conductive structure are plugged into the two electrodes. In some embodiments, the two ends of the conductive structure may be provided with contact pins, and the electrodes may be provided with jacks, and the contact pins are inserted into the jacks to achieve the plug-in connection between the two ends of the conductive structure and the electrodes, or the two ends of the conductive structure may be provided with jacks, and the electrodes may be provided with contact pins. In some embodiments, the two ends of the conductive structure are connected to the two electrodes by snapping.
  • the two ends of the conductive structure may be provided with bumps, and the electrodes may be provided with card slots, and the bumps are embedded in the card slots to achieve the snap-in connection between the two ends of the conductive structure and the electrodes, or the two ends of the conductive structure may be provided with card slots, and the electrodes may be provided with bumps.
  • the detachable connection between the conductive structure and the electrode allows the electrode structure to be freely assembled and disassembled to meet different size and shape requirements. When such an electrode structure is applied to a wearable device, the size and deformation of the electrode structure can be changed to make the wearable device suitable for adults or children.
  • the plurality of electrodes may be divided into two groups, wherein one group of electrodes (which may be referred to as the first electrode group) is fixedly disposed on the wearable portion of the wearable device, and the other group of electrodes (which may be referred to as the second electrode group) is detachably connected to the wearable portion of the wearable device.
  • the electrodes in the second electrode group have electrode plugs (e.g., the contact pins, bumps, etc. structures described above), and accordingly, an electrode interface (e.g., the jacks, slots, etc.
  • the wearable device is provided on the wearable device, and the electrode plug and the electrode interface are connected and disconnected with the wearable device by plugging and unplugging, so that the second electrode group can be arbitrarily connected to wearable devices of different sizes to achieve more possible uses, and at the same time, since the second electrode group can be reused, the wearable device can also be replaced at a lower cost.
  • the second electrode group may include at least two electrodes, and the electrodes in the second electrode group are connected to each other through a conductive structure.
  • the plurality of electrodes may not include the first electrode group, so that all electrodes on the wearable device are detachable electrodes.
  • the conductive structure is the key to improving the elastic coefficient of the electrode structure.
  • the conductive structure in the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the conductive structure in the embodiments of this specification may include the connecting electrode 420 shown in FIG. 4.
  • each of the multiple electrodes 410 in the electrode structure 400 is softly connected to at least one of the multiple electrodes 410 through the connecting electrode 420, and the connecting electrode 420 can electrically connect the connected electrodes 410.
  • each electrode 410 in the multiple electrodes 410 can be softly connected to all the electrodes 410 adjacent thereto through the connecting electrode 420.
  • each electrode 410 when all the electrodes 410 are electrically conductive, each electrode 410 can also be softly connected to at least one electrode 410 adjacent thereto through the connecting electrode 420.
  • the electrodes 410 and the substrate 430 in the electrode structure 400 are similar to the electrodes 110 and the substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, respectively.
  • the connecting electrode 420 may refer to a connecting component that can be used as a conductive medium like the electrode 410 and is connected between two adjacent electrodes 410.
  • the materials of the connecting electrode 420 and the electrode 410 may be the same or different.
  • the connecting electrode 420 may not only electrically connect the adjacent electrodes 410, but also realize the same function as the electrode 410, that is, collect electromyographic signals when attached to human skin.
  • the connecting electrode 420 can be made to realize a soft connection between the connected electrodes 410.
  • the maximum size of the connecting electrode 420 arranged along the first direction in the electrode structure 400 is greater than its maximum size in the second direction, and the greater the ratio between the maximum size of the connecting electrode 420 arranged along the first direction and its maximum size in the second direction, the smaller the elastic coefficient of the connecting electrode 420 arranged along the first direction, the smaller the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 400 in the first direction, and the greater the deformability of the electrode structure 400 in the first direction.
  • the maximum size of the connecting electrode 420 arranged along the second direction in the electrode structure 400 is less than its maximum size in the second direction, and the smaller the ratio between the maximum size of the connecting electrode 420 arranged along the second direction in the electrode structure 400 and its maximum size in the second direction, the smaller the elastic coefficient of the connecting electrode 420 arranged along the second direction, the smaller the second elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 400 in the second direction, and the greater the deformability of the electrode structure 400 in the second direction.
  • the maximum size of the connecting electrodes 420 arranged along the first direction in the electrode structure 400 in the second direction is smaller than the maximum size of the electrodes 410 distributed along the first direction in the second direction.
  • the maximum size of the connecting electrodes 420 arranged along the second direction in the electrode structure 400 in the first direction is smaller than the maximum size of the electrodes 410 distributed along the second direction in the first direction.
  • connection electrode 420 and the electrode 410 may be a split structure, and the two ends of the connection electrode 420 may be connected to two adjacent electrodes 410 by bonding, welding, etc. In some embodiments, the two ends of the connection electrode 420 may be detachably connected to the two electrodes. In some embodiments, the two ends of the connection electrode 420 and the two electrodes 410 are plugged in. In some embodiments, the two ends of the connection electrode 420 and the two electrodes 410 are snap-fitted. For specific instructions on plugging and snap-fitting, please refer to the conductive structure section.
  • connection electrode 420 in order to enable the connection electrode 420 and the electrode 410 to better adapt to different size and shape requirements, the natural length of the connection electrode 420 is greater than the initial spacing between the connected electrodes. In some embodiments, in order to enable the connection electrode 420 and the electrode 410 to better adapt to different size and shape requirements, the connection electrode 420 may be a flexible electrode. In some embodiments, the axial deformability of the connection electrode 420 is 5% to 200%.
  • the connecting electrode 420 and one or both of the electrodes 410 to which it is connected may be an integrated structure, or the connecting electrode 420 may be regarded as a part of the electrode 410.
  • the electrode structure 400 may be an integrated structure, that is, all electrodes 410 and the connecting electrode 420 in the electrode structure 400 are designed as an integrated structure, and the electrodes 410 and the connecting electrodes 420 do not need to be connected by other connection methods.
  • an entire electrode sheet may be hollowed out (e.g., laser cutting, stamping, etc.) to obtain a plurality of integrated electrodes 410 and connecting electrodes 420, that is, the electrode structure 400.
  • the hollowed-out electrode sheet may form a grid structure, and the electrode sheet has a plurality of meshes arranged regularly or irregularly.
  • the thinner portion of the electrode sheet (smaller in the first direction and the second direction or smaller in the first direction in the second direction) is the connecting electrode 420
  • the thicker portion of the electrode sheet (larger in the first direction and the second direction or larger in the first direction in the second direction) is the electrode 410.
  • the connecting electrode 420 is not only applicable to the electrode structure 400 shown in FIG. 4 , that is, the connecting member 120 in the electrode mechanism 100 , but also applicable to the connecting member 220 in the electrode structure 200 and the connecting member 320 in the electrode structure 300 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the conductive structure in the embodiments of this specification may include a wire 520 shown in FIG. 5.
  • each of the multiple electrodes 510 in the electrode structure 500 is softly connected to at least one of the multiple electrodes 510 through the wire 520, and the wire 520 can electrically connect the connected electrodes 510.
  • each of the multiple electrodes 510 can be softly connected to all the electrodes 510 adjacent thereto through the wire 520.
  • each electrode 510 when all the electrodes 510 are electrically conductive, each electrode 510 can also be softly connected to at least one electrode 510 adjacent thereto through the wire 520.
  • the electrodes 510 and the substrate 530 in the electrode structure 500 are similar to the electrodes 510 and the substrate 530 in the electrode structure 100, respectively.
  • the wire 520 may refer to a linear structure with a certain conductivity.
  • the wire 520 in order to ensure that the wire 520 can achieve a soft connection between the connected electrodes 510, the wire 520 can be elastically retractable along its axial direction.
  • the elastic retractability of the wire 520 along its axial direction can refer to that the wire 520 can be extended or shortened in the axial direction under the action of an external force and can be restored to its initial length after the external force disappears.
  • the material of the wire 520 may include at least one of a fiber plated with a conductive metal, a fiber deposited with a conductive substance, and a polymer of a mixed conductive substance.
  • Exemplary conductive metals include gold, silver, iron, and copper.
  • Exemplary conductive substances include conductive metals, carbon, and graphene. These materials can ensure that the wire 520 has the ability to electrically conduct the connected electrode 510, and also allow the wire 520 to have the ability to elastically retract along its axial direction.
  • the wire 520 and the electrode 510 may be a split structure, and both ends of the wire 520 may be connected to two adjacent electrodes 510 by bonding, welding, etc. In some embodiments, both ends of the wire 520 may be detachably connected to the two electrodes 510.
  • the deformability of the wire 520 can directly affect the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 500 in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient in the second direction.
  • the deformability of the wire 520 can be the difference percentage between the maximum length of the wire 520 after elastic elongation in the axial direction when the wire 520 is about to undergo plastic deformation (e.g., fracture) and the initial length of the wire 520.
  • the greater the deformability of the wire 520 the smaller the first elastic coefficient of the electrode structure 500 in the first direction and/or the second elastic coefficient in the second direction, and the greater the deformability of the electrode structure 500 in the first direction and/or in the second direction.
  • the deformability of the wire 520 can be 5% to 200%. In some embodiments, the deformability of the wire 520 can be 20% to 200%. In some embodiments, the deformability of the wire 520 can be 50% to 200%. In some embodiments, the deformability of the wire 520 can be 100% to 200%. It should be noted that the wire 520 is not only applicable to the electrode structure 500 shown in FIG. 5 , that is, the connector 120 in the electrode structure 100, but also applicable to the connector 220 in the electrode structure 200 and the connector 320 in the electrode structure 300. In some alternative embodiments, the wire 520 may be a liquid wire formed by a liquid conductor. In this case, adjacent electrodes 510 are connected by the liquid wire, which can provide a better soft connection effect.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the connector in the embodiments of this specification may include a wire 620 shown in FIG. 6.
  • each of the plurality of electrodes 610 in the electrode structure 600 is softly connected to at least one of the plurality of electrodes 610 through a wire 620, and the wire 620 can electrically connect the connected electrodes 610.
  • each of the plurality of electrodes 610 can be softly connected to all the electrodes 610 adjacent thereto through a wire 620.
  • each electrode 610 when all the electrodes 610 are electrically conductive, each electrode 610 can also be softly connected to at least one electrode 610 adjacent thereto through a wire 620.
  • the electrodes 610 and substrate 630 in the electrode structure 600 are similar to the electrodes 110 and substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, respectively.
  • the electrodes 510 and substrate 530 in the electrode structure 500 reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of the electrodes 110 and substrate 130 in the electrode structure 100, which will not be repeated here.
  • the natural length of the wire 620 can be greater than the initial spacing between the connected electrodes 610.
  • the natural length of the wire 620 can refer to the length of the wire 620 after it is unfolded into a straight line, and the initial spacing between the connected electrodes 610 can refer to the spacing between two adjacent electrodes 610 connected by the wire 620 when the electrode structure 600 is not deformed by external force (for example, stretched or bent along the first direction or the second direction).
  • the wire 620 when the wire 620 is connected between two adjacent electrodes 610, the wire 620 can include at least one bending portion, and when the substrate 630 is stretched by the force along the first direction or the second direction, the bending portion of the wire 620 can be unfolded, thereby reducing the obstacle to the stretching deformation of the substrate 630, so as to achieve a flexible connection between the connected electrodes 610.
  • the ratio between the natural length of the wire 620 and the connected electrode 610 can be 1.5 to 10. In some embodiments, the ratio between the natural length of the wire 620 and the connected electrode 610 can be 2 to 10.
  • the ratio between the natural length of the wire 620 and the connected electrode 610 can be 5 to 10.
  • the wire 620 can be made of a rigid material with a certain conductivity.
  • the material of the wire 620 can be a metal material such as gold, silver, iron, copper, etc.
  • the wire 620 can also be made of the same material as the wire 520. It should be noted that the wire 620 can be applicable not only to the electrode structure 600 shown in Figure 6, that is, to the connector 120 in the electrode mechanism 100, but also to the connector 220 in the electrode structure 200 and the connector 320 in the electrode structure 300.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a wearable device, which can be worn on a human body to collect physiological signals of the human body and ensure that the human body has a good sense of comfort.
  • the wearable device provided in the embodiment of the present specification will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wearable device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the wearable device 700 may include a wearable portion 710, at least two first electrodes 720, and at least two second electrodes 730.
  • the wearable portion 710 may include a substrate 711, at least two first electrodes 720 may be arranged at intervals on the substrate 711, and used to fit the skin to collect physiological signals (e.g., electromyographic signals, electrocardiographic signals, etc.), respectively, and at least two second electrodes 730 may be arranged at intervals on the substrate 711 and electrically connected through a connector 740 to provide a reference voltage for the collected physiological signals.
  • physiological signals e.g., electromyographic signals, electrocardiographic signals, etc.
  • the wearable portion 710 can be used to be worn on the user's body.
  • the wearable portion 710 can be a top (e.g., a T-shirt, a vest, a vest, a coat, etc.), worn on the upper body of the user.
  • the wearable portion 710 can be a trousers (e.g., trousers, shorts, etc.), worn on the lower body of the user.
  • the wearable portion 710 can also be a leg ring or a belt, which is worn on the legs or waist of the user respectively.
  • the wearable portion 710 can also be a bracelet, a helmet, etc., which is worn on the hands or head of the user respectively.
  • the substrate 711 can refer to the surface of the wearable portion 710 that fits the user's body.
  • the wearable portion 710 can have a consistent or substantially consistent deformable amount with the first electrode 720 and/or the second electrode 730, so that it can be ensured that the portion of the wearable portion 710 where the first electrode 720 and/or the second electrode 730 are disposed is not easily damaged.
  • At least two first electrodes 720 may be attached to both sides of the user's midsagittal plane.
  • at least two first electrodes 720 may be attached to both sides of the midsagittal plane of the user's chest, waist, etc., or at least two first electrodes 720 may be attached to the user's left hand and right hand, left leg or right leg, etc., respectively.
  • at least two first electrodes 720 may be symmetrical relative to the midsagittal plane of the user, which is conducive to eliminating or suppressing the interference of noise (e.g., motion artifacts) in the collected physiological signals (e.g., electrocardiogram signals) and improving the quality of physiological signals.
  • noise e.g., motion artifacts
  • At least two first electrodes 720 may also be asymmetrical relative to the midsagittal plane of the user.
  • the midsagittal plane of the user may refer to a plane passing through the midline of the user's body, wherein the midline of the user's body may be determined based on a line from the tip of the user's nose to the middle of the two nipples, a line from the middle of the two nipples to the middle of the umbilicus in the abdomen, or a line from the middle of the umbilicus in the abdomen to the middle of the pubic symphysis joint.
  • At least two first electrodes 720 when at least two first electrodes 720 are used to collect electromyographic signals, at least two first electrodes 720 can be attached to the skin along the direction of the user's muscle fibers.
  • the first electrode 720 can be a whole piece of electrode, for example, the first electrode 720 can be similar to the electrode in the embodiment of this specification (for example, electrode 110, 210, 310, 410, 510 or 610).
  • the first electrode 720 can be an electrode structure provided in the embodiment of this specification (for example, electrode structure 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 or 600), and the electrode structure provided in the embodiment of this specification can have a large amount of deformability.
  • the wearable portion 710 When it is arranged on the wearable portion 710 and attached to the user's skin, it can ensure that the user's movements will not be restrained, the force will not be hindered, the user has a better sense of comfort, and it is convenient for the user to put on and take off, and the user has a better sense of comfort.
  • At least two second electrodes 730 can be used as reference ground electrodes, and at least two first electrodes 720 can provide reference voltages for the physiological signals collected, thereby facilitating elimination or suppression of noise (e.g., motion artifacts, power frequency, etc.) interference in the physiological signals and improving the quality of the physiological signals.
  • noise e.g., motion artifacts, power frequency, etc.
  • the voltage generated by the second electrodes 730 can be used as a reference voltage for the amplifier.
  • the second electrode 730 may be a whole piece of electrode, for example, the second electrode 730 may be similar to the electrode in the embodiments of this specification (e.g., electrode 110, 210, 310, 410, 510, or 610). It may also be the electrode structure provided in the embodiments of this specification (e.g., electrode structure 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, or 600).
  • the connector 740 can not only realize the electrical connection between the at least two second electrodes 730 and maintain a uniform reference low voltage, but also realize the soft connection between the at least two second electrodes 730 connected, so that the overall structure formed by the at least two second electrodes 730 and the connector 740 connected therebetween can have a large amount of deformability. When it is set on the wearable part 710 and fits the user's skin, it ensures that the user's movements will not be restrained and the force will not be hindered, so that the user has a better sense of comfort and is convenient for the user to put on and take off.
  • the connector 740 can be similar to the connector (for example, connector 120, 220 or 320) in the embodiments of this specification.
  • the connector 740 can be the connecting electrode 420 shown in FIG. 4, the wire 520 shown in FIG. 5, or the wire 620 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the connecting electrode 420 shown in FIG. 4 the wire 520 shown in FIG. 5, or the wire 620 shown in FIG. 6, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wearable device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the wearable device 800 includes a wearable portion 810 and at least two electrode structures 820.
  • the wearable portion 810 includes a substrate 811 that fits the user's body, and at least two electrode structures 820 can be arranged at intervals on the substrate 811 to fit the skin and collect physiological signals.
  • the wearable portion 810 and the substrate 811 can be similar to the wearable portion 710 and the substrate 711 in the wearable device 700, respectively.
  • the wearable portion 810 and the substrate 811 refer to the relevant descriptions of the wearable portion 710 and the substrate 711 in the wearable device 700, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode structure 820 may include a plurality of electrodes 821, each of which may be electrically connected to at least one of the plurality of electrodes 821 by a connector 822, and the electrode structure 820 may be used to collect electrical signals of the user's body (e.g., electrical signals of the same target muscle).
  • the electrode 821 may be similar to the electrode 110 shown in FIG. 1, and more descriptions of the electrode 821 may refer to the relevant descriptions of the electrode 110, which will not be repeated here.
  • physiological signals may be determined according to electrical signals of target muscles corresponding to at least two electrode structures 820.
  • At least two electrode structures 820 may collect different electrical signals at different positions of the same target muscle of the user's body (e.g., different positions along the direction of muscle fibers), and the electrical signals may be the potential of the corresponding target muscle, and the potential difference between different positions of the target muscle may be used to reflect the force of the target muscle by determining the potential difference between different positions of the target muscle.
  • at least two electrode structures 820 may be symmetrically or asymmetrically fitted on both sides of the user's body about the median sagittal plane of the user's body.
  • the electrode structure 820 may have the same or substantially the same deformability as the wearable portion 810, so as to ensure that the portion of the wearable portion 810 where the electrode structure 820 is disposed is not easily damaged.
  • the electrode structure 820 may be similar to the electrode structure provided in the embodiments of this specification (e.g., electrode structure 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, or 600).
  • the electrode structure 820 may be similar to the electrode structure 100.
  • the electrode structure 820 and the electrode 821 reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the electrode structure 100 shown in FIG1 , the electrode structure 200 shown in FIG2 , the electrode structure 300 shown in FIG3 , the electrode structure 400 shown in FIG4 , the electrode structure 500 shown in FIG5 , or the electrode structure 600 shown in FIG6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the connector 822 can be similar to the connector in the embodiment of this specification (for example, the connector 120, 220 or 320). Furthermore, the connector 822 can be the connecting electrode 420 shown in Figure 4, the wire 520 shown in Figure 5, or the wire 620 shown in Figure 6, so as to realize the soft connection between the electrodes 821 connected by the connector 822, so that the electrode structure 820 has a large amount of deformability (or elasticity). When it is set on the wearable part 810 and fits the user's skin, it ensures that the user's movements will not be restrained and the force will not be hindered, so that the user has a better sense of comfort and is easy for the user to put on and take off. For more descriptions about the connector 822, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the connecting electrode 420 shown in Figure 4, the wire 520 shown in Figure 5, or the wire 620 shown in Figure 6, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electrode structure 820 may further include a substrate 823, and a plurality of electrodes 821 may be arranged on the substrate 823 at intervals along the first direction and the second direction, respectively.
  • the substrate 823 may be a part of the substrate 811.
  • the substrate 823 may be independently provided relative to the substrate 811, for example, a side of the substrate 823 away from the electrode 821 may be connected to the substrate 811, thereby connecting the electrode structure 820 to the substrate 811.
  • the substrate 823 reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the substrate 130 shown in FIG. 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application.
  • “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, and/or “some embodiments” refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “an alternative embodiment” mentioned twice or more in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.
  • some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种电极结构（100），包括：多个电极（110），多个电极（110）中的每一个与多个电极（110）中的至少另一个至少通过连接件（120）实现软性连接，连接件（120）能够将所连接的电极电导通。提供的电极结构（100）具有较大的弹性系数范围，且能够进行调节。

Description

一种电极结构及可穿戴设备 技术领域
本申请涉及信号采集领域，特别涉及一种电极结构及可穿戴设备。
背景技术
随着人们对科学运动和身体健康的关注，智能可穿戴设备正在极大的发展。智能可穿戴设备可以对人体的生理信号(例如，心电信号、肌电信号等)进行实时监测，以监控用户生理状况、为用户提供运动指导等。目前智能可穿戴设备对心电信号、肌电信号等生理信号的监测主要依赖于电极，通过将电极集成在服装(上衣、裤装、绑带等)上与用户皮肤贴合，可以对用户的心电信号、肌电信号等生理信号进行采集及分析。由于电极受材料本身的限制，其弹性往往很难具有较好的表现(例如，弹性较差)，这会导致用户穿戴相应的可穿戴设备时，会有异物感、运动动作被束缚住、发力受阻、不便于穿脱等不舒适感。
因此，希望提供一种电极结构，满足弹性范围大、可调节等特点，在被应用到可穿戴设备中采集人体的生理信号时，能够保证人体具有较好的穿戴舒适感。
发明内容
本申请实施例之一提供一种电极结构，包括：多个电极，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个至少通过连接件实现软性连接，所述连接件能够将所连接的电极电导通。
本说明书实施例之一提供一种可穿戴设备，包括：穿戴部，包括与用户身体贴合的基底；至少两个第一电极，间隔布置在所述基底上，用于贴合皮肤以分别采集生理信号；以及至少两个第二电极，间隔布置在所述基底上且之间通过连接件电连接，所述至少两个第二电极贴合皮肤以为所述生理信号提供参考电压。
本说明书实施例之一还提供一种可穿戴设备，包括：穿戴部，包括与用户身体贴合的基底；至少两个电极结构，所述至少两个电极结构间隔布置在所述基底上，用于贴合皮肤以采集生理信号，其中，每个所述电极结构包括多个电极，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个通过连接件电连接，所述电极结构被配置为采集用户身体同一目标肌肉的电信号。
附图说明
本申请将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图；
图2是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图；
图3是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图；
图4是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图；
图5是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图；
图6是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图；
图7是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的可穿戴设备的结构示意图；
图8是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的可穿戴设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其它类似情景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
本说明书实施例提供一种电极结构，该电极结构包括多个电极，多个电极中的每一个与多个电极中的至少另一个至少通过连接件实现软性连接，连接件能够将所连接的电极电导通。本说明书实施例提供的电极结构中的多个电极通过连接件来实现软性连接，可以具有较大的可变形量，这样在电极结构应用于可穿戴设备中与人体皮肤贴合以采集人体的生理信号(例如，肌电信号、心电信号等)时，电极结构较大的可变形量可以满足用户在佩戴可穿戴设备时，穿脱方便，不会束缚用户的动作(伸手、抬腿、弯腰等)，阻碍用户的发力，保证用户具有较好的舒适感。另外，本说明书实施例提供的电极结构可以在用户佩戴可穿戴设备电极结构时，降低电极结构给用户带来的异物感，同时保证可穿戴设备上设置电极结构的位置不易于损坏。在一些实施例中，本说明书实施例提供的电极结构的可变形量可以是指电极结构在受力并且不会出现不可逆损坏(例如，断裂)的情况下可以产生的最大形变，其中，电极结构的形变可以是指电极结构发生弯曲、伸缩等变形。在一些实施例中，通过调整本说明书实施例提供的电极结构在某一方向上设置的连接件数量，可以对电极结构在该方向的可变形量进行调节，从而使得电极结构可以满足在更多应用场景下的使用需求。在一些实施例中，可以通过降低电极结构的弹性系数，来增大电极结构的可变形量。需要说明的是，本说明书所涉及到的“软性连接”可以是指能够实现两个待连接物(例如，两个电极)之间发生相对位移(例如，相对靠近或相互远离)或转角等变形，且在外力的作用下或在自身的弹性作用 下能够恢复至初始形状的连接。在一些实施例中，软性连接可以通过连接在两个待连接物之间的弹性件(例如，图5示出的导线520)来实现，弹性件具有一定的可伸缩变形能力，弹性件的可伸缩变形可以带动两个待连接物之间发生相对位移。在一些实施例中，软性连接可以通过连接在两个待连接物之间的具有一定的长度，且能够在外力作用下进行展开、折叠或弯曲迂回等使其冗余长度发生变化的结构件(例如，图6示出的导线620)来实现，结构件的展开或折叠可以带动两个待连接物之间发生相对位移。在一些实施例中，本说明书实施例提供的电极结构可以应用于采集一个或多个生理信号的设备，例如，智能穿戴设备(或称为可穿戴设备)、医疗检测设备或信号分析设备。在一些实施例中，智能穿戴设备可以穿戴在人体各个部位(例如，小腿、大腿、腰、后背、胸部、肩部、颈部等)，用于采集用户在不同状态时其身体各个部位的生理信号，后续还可以进一步对采集的信号进行处理。在一些实施例中，智能穿戴设备可以包括智能手镯、智能鞋袜、智能眼镜、智能头盔、智能手表、智能衣服、智能裤装、智能背包、智能配件等或其任意组合。在一些实施例中，所述生理信号为可以被检测的能够体现身体状态的信号，例如，可以包括呼吸信号、心电信号(ECG)、肌电信号、血压信号、温度信号等多种信号。
下面将结合附图对本说明书实施例提供的电极结构进行详细说明。
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图。
如图1所示，电极结构100可以包括多个电极110，多个电极110中的每一个与多个电极110中的至少另一个通过连接件120实现软性连接，并且连接件120可以将所连接的电极电导通。作为示例性说明，多个电极110中的每一个电极110均具有一个或以上相邻的电极110，每一个电极110可以和与之相邻的电极110中的一个或多个通过连接件120实现软性连接。可以理解的是，本说明书实施例中所说的“相邻的电极”是指在特定方向上相互邻接两个或多个电极，例如，在沿图1所示的第一方向每个电极都有与之相邻的一个或多个电极，在沿图1所示的第二方向上，每个电极也都有与之相邻的一个或多个电极。在一些实施例中，如图1所示，每一个电极110可以和与之相邻的所有电极110通过连接件120实现软性连接。其中，与某一个电极110相邻的所有电极110可以包括沿第一方向与该电极110相邻的所有电极110以及沿第二方向与该电极110相邻的所有电极110。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极110之间能够电导通的情况下，每一个电极110也可以仅和与之相邻的电极110中的部分电极通过连接件120实现软性连接。通过将每个电极110与其相邻的一个或多个电极110之间通过可导电的连接件120实现软性连接，一方面相当于增大电极结构100与人体皮肤的贴合面积，便于提高信噪比，另一方面，可以增大电极结构100的可变形量，在被应 用于贴合人体皮肤以采集人体的生理信号时，能够保证人体具有较好的舒适感。在一些实施例中，第一方向可以与第二方向垂直。例如，电极结构100可以用于贴合人体皮肤以采集肌电信号，第一方向可以是肌肉纤维的长度方向，第二方向可以是与肌肉纤维的长度方向相垂直的方向。仅作为示例，电极结构100可以贴合在人体腿部肌肉的位置，此时第一方向可以是腿部的轴向方向，第二方向可以是腿部的周向方向，电极结构100还可以贴合在人体腰部肌肉的位置，此时第一方向可以是腰椎的轴向方向，第二方向可以是腰部的周向方向。
在一些实施例中，多个电极110可以呈如图1所示的矩形阵列分布，也可以是诸如环形、圆形等阵列形式。在一些实施例中，多个电极110可以不规则分布，例如，多个电极110中的较多数可以集中在监测难度较高或需要着重关注的位置分布，多个电极110中的较少数可以在其它位置分散开分布。为了方便说明，本说明书将以多个电极呈矩形阵列分布的电极结构进行主要介绍。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，电极结构100还可以包括基底130，多个电极110可以分别沿第一方向和第二方向布置在基底130上，电极结构100在第一方向和第二方向可以上分别具有不同的可变形量。在一些实施例中，电极结构100在第一方向和第二方向上分别具有不同的弹性系数，而使得电极结构100在第一方向和第二方向上分别具有不同的可变形量。具体地，电极结构100在第一方向上的弹性系数为第一弹性系数，电极结构100在第二方向上的弹性系数为第二弹性系数。其中，第一方向和第二方向垂直。在一些实施例中，如图1所示，电极结构100中每行沿第一方向分布的电极110的数量可以与电极结构100中每列沿第二方向分布的电极110的数量相同。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中每行沿第一方向分布的电极110的数量可以与电极结构100中每列沿第二方向分布的电极110的数量也可以不同。例如，电极结构100中每行沿第一方向分布的电极110的数量可以大于或小于电极结构100中每列沿第二方向分布的电极110的数量。在一些实施例中，基底130可以采用柔性绝缘材料(例如，树脂、软PVC、硅胶)制成，形状可以为矩形、圆形或其他不规则的形状。在一些实施例中，电极110可以通过粘贴、卡接、焊接等方式固定连接在基底130上。在一些实施例中，当电极结构100应用于可穿戴设备时，基底130可以是可穿戴设备中供用户穿戴的穿戴部(例如，上衣、裤装、腰带、绑带等)的一部分，也可以与穿戴部分开设置，然后通过粘贴、卡接、焊接等方式固定连接在穿戴部与用户身体贴合的表面上，从而可以将电极结构100固定在穿戴部上与用户皮肤贴合，以采集生理信号。在一些实施例中，基底130的可变形量(或者穿戴部的可变形量)可以与连接件120的可变形量一致或基本一致，这样可以在用户在佩戴可穿戴设备时，减少电极结构给用户带来的不适感，同时保证穿戴部上设 置电极结构100的位置不易发生损坏。需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，电极结构100也可以不包括基底130，每个电极110与其相邻的一个或多个电极110之间可以仅通过连接件120实现软性连接。
在一些实施例中，电极110可以是片状结构，电极110的形状可以为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、菱形等规则形状或其他不规则形状。在一些实施例中，电极110可以是由单一材料制成的电极，例如金属织物电极、导电硅电极、水凝胶电极、金属电极等。优选地，电极110可以为金属织物电极或导电硅电极。金属织物电极的电阻率更小，当电极结构100用于贴合人体皮肤采集生理信号时，金属织物电极的阻抗以及与皮肤之间的接触阻抗也较小。金属织物电极厚度越小，其阻抗以及与皮肤之间的接触阻抗也越小。在一些实施例中，电极110与皮肤之间的接触阻抗越小，电极结构100与皮肤之间的接触阻抗就越小，所采集的生理信号强度越高。在一些实施例中，在使用金属织物电极采集生理信号时，金属织物电极的厚度可以为10μm～5mm。优选地，金属织物电极的厚度可以为100μm～3mm。进一步优选地，金属织物电极的厚度可以为500μm～2mm。在一些实施例中，电极110还可以是不同材料叠加形成的电极，例如金属织物材料与导电硅材料构成的电极，不仅其与皮肤之间的接触阻抗小，并且其中与皮肤接触的导电硅具有亲肤、耐洗涤等优点，避免电极与皮肤接触给人体带来的不适感。
在一些实施例中，可以通过控制电极110的尺寸来调整电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数，以调整电极结构100在第一方向和/或第二方向上的可变形量。在一些实施例中，可以通过控制电极110在第一方向的最大尺寸和第二方向的最大尺寸的比值调整电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数。在一些实施例中，当电极110在第一方向的最大尺寸大于电极110在第二方向的最大尺寸时，电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数小于电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数，电极结构100在第一方向上的可变形量就大于电极结构100在第二方向上的可变形量。在一些实施例中，电极110在第一方向上的最大尺寸和在第二方向上的最大尺寸之间的比值可以为0.1～10。在一些实施例中，电极110在第一方向上的最大尺寸和在第二方向上的最大尺寸之间的比值可以为0.5～9。在一些实施例中，电极110在第一方向上的最大尺寸和在第二方向上的最大尺寸之间的比值可以为1～8。在一些实施例中，可以根据电极结构100在应用场景中的弹性需求来对电极110在第一方向的最大尺寸和第二方向的最大尺寸的比值进行设计，例如，电极结构100贴合与人体皮肤贴合时电极结构100在第二方向上的可变形量较小对于提高人体的舒适感有明显作用，则可以将电 极110在第一方向的最大尺寸和第二方向的最大尺寸的比值设计得较大。
在一些实施例中，可以通过控制电极结构100中电极110的数量、面积以及电极结构100的总面积与所有电极110面积之和的比值来调整电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数，以调整电极结构100在第一方向和/或第二方向上的可变形量。
在一些实施例中，电极110的数量越多，电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数就越大，电极结构100的变形量就会越小。作为示例性说明，在电极结构100的总面积一定的情况下，电极110的数量越多，相邻电极110之间的间距就会越小，连接在相邻电极110之间的连接件120的长度(例如，连接件120沿第一方向的最大尺寸或沿第二方向的最大尺寸)就会越小，连接件120的弹性系数就越大，连接件120的可变形量就越小，电极结构100在第一方向和/或第二方向上的变形量就会越小。为了保证电极结构100具有较大的变形量，在一些实施例中，电极结构100中电极110的数量可以为2～1000个。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中电极110的数量可以为10～1000个。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中电极110的数量可以为20～1000个。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中电极110的数量可以为100～1000个。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中电极110的数量可以为500～1000个。需要说明的是，图1示出的电极数量仅作为示例，并无意于对其进行限制。
在一些实施例中，电极结构100中的每个电极110的面积越小，电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数就越小，电极结构100在第一方向或第二方向上的可变形量就越大。作为示例性说明，在电极结构100的总面积一定的情况下，电极110的面积越小，相邻电极110之间的间距就可能越大，连接在相邻电极110之间的连接件120的长度(例如，连接件120沿第一方向的最大尺寸或连接件120沿第二方向的最大尺寸)就会越大，连接件120的弹性系数就越小，连接件120的可变形量就越大，使得电极结构100在第一方向和/或第二方向上的可变形量就越大。为了保证电极结构100具有较大的可变形量，在一些实施例中，电极结构100中的每个电极110的面积可以为1mm 2～20mm 2。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中的每个电极110的面积可以为2mm 2～18mm 2。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中的每个电极110的面积可以为2mm 2～15mm 2。在一些实施例中，电极结构100中的每个电极110的面积可以为2mm 2～10mm 2。
在一些实施例中，电极结构100的面积与所有电极110的面积之和的比值越大，电极结构100在第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数就越 小，电极结构100在第一方向和/或第二方向的可变形量也就越大。作为示例性说明，电极结构100的面积与所有电极110的面积之和的比值越大，相邻电极110之间的间距就可能越大，连接在相邻电极110之间的连接件120的长度(例如，连接件120在第一方向上的最大尺寸或连接件120在第二方向上的最大尺寸)就越大，连接件120的弹性系数就越小，连接件120的可变形量就越大，使得电极结构100在第一方向和/或第二方向上的可变形量就越大。其中，电极结构100的面积可以是指电极结构100所呈现的整体形状的面积。为了保证电极结构100具有较大的可变形量，在一些实施例中，电极结构100的面积与所有电极110的面积之和的比值可以为1～1000。在一些实施例中，电极结构100的面积与所有电极110的面积之和的比值可以为2～100。在一些实施例中，电极结构100的面积与所有电极110的面积之和的比值可以为2～10。在一些实施例中，电极结构100的面积与所有电极110的面积之和的比值可以为4～10。
在一些实施例中，可以通过控制电极结构沿第一方向设置的连接件的数量和电极结构沿第二方向设置的连接件的数量来调整电极结构在第一方向和/或第二方向上的可变形量。在一些实施例中，通过控制电极结构沿第一方向设置的连接件的数量和电极结构沿第二方向设置的连接件的数量可以调整第一方向上的第一弹性系数和/或电极结构100在第二方向上的第二弹性系数，从而达到调整电极结构在第一方向和/或第二方向上的可变形量的目的。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，电极结构100沿第一方向设置的连接件120的数量可以与电极结构100沿第二方向设置的连接件120的数量相同，并且电极结构100在第一方向的第一弹性系数和电极结构100在第二方向的第二弹性系数可以相同或基本相同，从而使得电极结构100在第一方向的可变形量和在第二方向的可变形量能够相同或基本相同。在一些实施例中，电极结构100在第一方向的第一弹性系数(可变形量)和电极结构100在第二方向的第二弹性系数(可变形量)基本相同可以是指第一弹性系数和第二弹性系数之间的差值在1％～10％以内。具体地，如图1所示，每行沿第一方向分布且相邻的两个电极110之间均通过连接件120连接，每列沿第二方向分布且相邻的两个电极110之间均通过连接件120连接，其中，电极结构100沿第一方向设置的连接件120的数量和电极结构沿第二方向设置的连接件数量均为12个。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极110之间能够电导通的情况下，电极结构100中可以仅有部分沿第一方向分布且相邻的两个电极110之间通过连接件120连接，部分沿第二方向分布且相邻的两个电极110之间通过连接件120连接，只要保证电极结构100沿第一方向设置的连接件120的数量与电极结构100沿第二方向设置的连接件120的数量相同即可。其中，所有电极110之间电导通可以理解为电极结构100中任意两个电极110之间 能够直接或间接通过一个或多个连接件120连接以此实现电导通。需要说明的是，图1中示出的电极110以及连接件120的数量仅作为示例，并无意于进行限制，当电极结构的电极数量为其他数量时，电极结构沿第一方向设置的连接件数量和沿第二方向设置的连接件数量可以参考电极结构100沿第一方向设置的连接件120的数量和沿第二方向设置的连接件120的数量是如何设计的进行设计。
图2是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，电极结构200沿第一方向设置的连接件220的数量可以大于电极结构200沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量，并且电极结构200在第一方向的第一弹性系数可以大于电极结构200在第二方向的第二弹性系数，以使得电极结构200在第一方向的可变形量可以小于电极结构200在第二方向的可变形量。其中，电极结构200中的电极210、连接件220以及基底230分别与电极结构100中的电极110、连接件120以及基底130类似，更多关于电极结构200中的电极210、连接件220以及基底230的描述可以参考电极结构100中的电极110、连接件120以及基底130的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，通过使电极结构200中每行沿第一方向分布且相邻的两个电极210之间均通过连接件220连接，部分沿第二方向分布且相邻的两个电极210之间通过连接件220连接，可以使得电极结构200沿第一方向设置的连接件220的数量大于电极结构200沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量，以使得电极结构200在第一方向的第一弹性系数大于电极结构200在第二方向的第二弹性系数，导致电极结构200在第一方向的可变形量可以小于电极结构200第二方向的可变形量。具体地，当电极结构200中沿第一方向分布且通过连接件220连接的行数大于电极结构200中沿第二方向分布且通过连接件220连接的列数时，可以使得电极结构200在第一方向的第一弹性系数大于电极结构200在第二方向的第二弹性系数，而使得电极结构200在第一方向的可变形量小于在第二方向的可变形量。作为示例性说明，如图2所示，电极结构200沿第一方向设置的连接件220的数量为12个，电极结构200沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量为6个。其中，电极结构200中沿第一方向设置的12个连接件220可以用于将电极结构200中所有分布在第一方向上相邻的两个电极210连接起来，电极结构200沿第二方向设置的6个连接件220中的3个连接件220可以用于将电极结构200中分布在从左到右第一列的4个电极210连接起来，另外3个连接件220可以用于将电极结构200中分布在从左到右最后一列的4个电极210连接起来。在一些实施例中，电极结构200沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量可以是3个，在满足所有电极210之间能够电导通的情况下，3个连接件220可以用于将电极结构200中分布在同一列的4个电极连接起来，或者用 于分别将电极结构200中分布在不同列的相邻两个电极210连接起来，其中，3个连接件220所连接的电极210中有4个电极分布在不同行内。例如，在满足所有电极210之间能够电导通的情况下，3个连接件220中的第一个连接件220可以用于将分布在第一列中相邻的两个电极210连接起来，3个连接件220中的第二个连接件220可以用于将分布在第二列中相邻的两个电极210连接起来，3个连接件220中的第三个连接件220可以用于将分布在第三列中相邻的两个电极210连接起来，其中，3个连接件所连接的电极210中需要有4个电极210分布在不同行内来满足所有电极210之间电导通。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极210之间能够电导通的情况下，电极结构200沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量还可以大于3个，且小于沿电极结构200沿第一方向设置的连接件220的数量，例如，电极结构200沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量还可以是4个、5个、6个、7个等。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极210之间能够电导通的情况下，电极结构200中也可以仅有部分沿第一方向分布且相邻的电极210之间通过连接件120连接，只需满足沿第一方向设置的连接件220的数量大于沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量即可。可以理解的是，电极结构200中的每行电极210可以是指沿电极结构200中沿与第一方向平行的方向分布并且在同一直线的多个电极210，电极结构200中的每列电极210可以是指沿电极结构200中沿与第二方向平行的方向分布并且在同一直线的多个电极210。需要说明的是，图2中示出的电极210以及连接件220的数量仅作为示例，并无意于进行限制，当电极结构的电极数量为其他数量时，该电极结构沿第一方向设置的连接件数量和沿第二方向设置的连接件数量可以参考电极结构200沿第一方向设置的连接件210的连接件220的数量和沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量进行设计。
图3是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量可以小于电极结构30沿第二方向设置的连接件320的数量，并且电极结构300在第一方向的第一弹性系数可以大于电极结构300在第二方向的弹性系数，以使得电极结构300在第一方向的可变形量可以大于在第二方向的可变形量。其中，电极结构300中的电极310、连接件320以及基底330分别与电极结构100中的电极110、连接件120以及基底130类似，更多关于电极结构300中的电极310、连接件320以及基底330的描述可以参考电极结构100中的电极110、连接件120以及基底130的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，通过使电极结构300中每列沿第二方向分布且相邻的两个电极310之间均通过连接件320连接，部分沿第一方向分布且相邻的两个电极210之间通过连接件320连接，可以使得电极结构300沿第二方向设置的连接件320的数量大于电极结构300沿第一 方向设置的连接件320的数量，以使得电极结构300在第一方向的第一弹性系数小于电极结构300在第二方向的第二弹性系数，导致电极结构300在第一方向的可变形量可以大于在第二方向的可变形量。具体地，当电极结构300中沿第一方向分布且通过连接件320连接的行数小于电极结构300中沿第二方向分布且通过连接件320连接的列数时，可以使得电极结构300在第一方向的第一弹性系数小于电极结构300在第二方向的第二弹性系数，而使得电极结构300在第一方向的可变形量大于在第二方向的可变形量。作为示例性说明，如图3所示，电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量为6个，电极结构300沿第二方向设置的连接件320的数量为12个。其中，电极结构200中沿第二方向设置的12个连接件220可以用于将电极结构200中所有分布在第二方向上相邻的两个电极210连接起来，电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320中的3个连接件320可以用于将电极结构300中分布在从上到下第一行的4个电极310连接起来，另外3个连接件320可以用于将电极结构300中分布在从上到下最后一行的4个电极310连接起来。在一些实施例中，电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量可以是3个，在满足所有电极310之间能够电导通的情况下，3个连接件320可以用于将电极结构300中分布在同一行的4个电极310连接起来，或者用于分别将电极结构300中分布在不同行的相邻两个电极310连接起来，其中，3个连接件所连接的电极210中有4个电极分布在不同列内。例如，在满足所有电极310之间能够电导通的情况下，3个连接件220中的第一个连接件320可以用于将分布在第一行中相邻的两个电极310连接起来，3个连接件220中的第二个连接件320可以用于将分布在第二行中相邻的两个电极310连接起来，3个连接件220中的第三个连接件320可以用于将分布在第三行中相邻的两个电极310连接起来，其中，3个连接件所连接的电极310中需要有4个电极210分布在不同列内来满足所有电极310之间电导通。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极310之间能够电导通的情况下，电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量还可以大于3个，且小于沿电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量，例如，电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量还可以是4个、5个、6个、7个等。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极310之间能够电导通的情况下，电极结构300中也可以仅有部分沿第二方向分布且相邻的电极310之间通过连接件120连接，只需满足沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量小于沿第二方向设置的连接件220的数量即可。可以理解的是，电极结构300中的每行电极310可以是指沿电极结构300中沿与第一方向平行的方向分布并且在同一直线的多个电极310。需要说明的是，图3中示出的电极310以及连接件320的数量仅作为示例，并无意于进行限制，当电极结构的电极数量为其他数量(例如，100、200、500、1000个等)时，该电极结构沿第 一方向设置的连接件数量和沿第二方向设置的连接件数量可以参考电极结构300沿第一方向设置的连接件320的数量和沿第二方向设置的连接件320的数量进行设计。
本说明书实施例提供的电极结构(例如，电极结构100、200或300)中的每个电极(例如，电极110、210或310)与其相邻的一个或多个电极至少通过连接件(例如，连接件120、220或320)来实现软性连接，具有较大的形变范围，用于与人体皮肤采集生理信号时，可以保证人体具有较好的舒适感。在一些实施例中，连接件可以包括可导电结构，可导电结构具有导电性，多个电极中的每一个与多个电极中的至少另一个通过可导电结构连接，可以使连接的两个电极之间电导通，且能够发生相对位移。在一些实施例中，为使可导电结构与电极能够更好地适应不同的尺寸和形状需求，可导电结构的自然长度大于所连接的电极之间的初始间距。在一些实施例中，为使可导电结构的自然长度能够配合电极结构的拉伸形变，并考虑到电极结构的拉伸量不会太大，可导电结构的自然长度与所连接的电极之间的比值可以为1.5～10。
在一些实施例中，可导电结构可以为弹性可导电结构，可导电结构沿其轴向可弹性伸缩。其中，可导电结构沿其轴向可弹性伸缩可以是指可导电结构在受到外力的作用下在其轴线方向上可以伸长或缩短并且在外力消失后可以恢复到初始长度。在一些实施例中，可导电结构可以具有可变形量，可以直接影响电极结构在第一方向的第一弹性系数和/或在第二方向的第二弹性系数。可导电结构的可变形量可以是指可导电结构即将发生塑性变形(或断裂)时沿轴向弹性伸长后的最大长度与可导电结构的初始长度之间的差值百分比。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的可变形量越大，电极结构500在第一方向的第一弹性系数和/或在第二方向的第二弹性系数就越小，电极结构500在第一方向的和/或在第二方向的可变形量就越大。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的可变形量可以为5％～200％。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的可变形量可以为20％～200％。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的可变形量可以为50％～200％。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的可变形量可以为100％～200％。
在一些实施例中，可导电结构与电极之间可以是分体式结构，可导电结构的两端可以通过粘接、焊接、可拆卸式连接等方式与两个电极连接。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的两端与两个电极之间采用插接。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的两端可以设置有触针，电极处设置有插孔，触针插入插孔实现可导电结构的两端与电极之间的插接，或者，可导电结构的两端可以设置有插孔，电极处设置有触针。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的两端与两个电极之间采用卡接。在一些实施例中，可导电结构的两端可以设置有凸块，电极处设置有卡槽，凸块嵌入卡槽实现可导电结构的两端与电极之间的卡接，或者，可导电结构的两端可以设置 有卡槽，电极处设置有凸块。可导电结构与电极的可拆卸式连接可以使电极结构能够随意组成和拆卸以适应不同的尺寸和形状需求，当这样的电极结构应用于可穿戴设备时，可以通过改变电极结构的尺寸和形变，以使可穿戴设备适用于成人或儿童。在一些实施例中，多个电极可以分为两组，其中一组电极(可称为第一电极组)固定设置于可穿戴设备的穿戴部上，另一组电极(可称为第二电极组)与可穿戴设备的穿戴部可拆卸连接。在一些实施例中，第二电极组中的电极具有电极插头(例如，上述的触针、凸块等结构)，相应地，可穿戴设备上设置电极接口(例如，上述的插孔、卡槽等结构)，电极插头与电极接口通过插、拔实现电极与可穿戴设备的连接与断开，如此，第二电极组可以任意与不同尺寸的可穿戴设备连接，以实现更多的使用可能，同时，由于第二电极组可以重复使用，也能更低成本的实现可穿戴设备的更换。在一些实施例中，第二电极组可以包括至少两个电极，第二电极组中的电极相互通过可导电结构连接。在一些实施例中，多个电极可以不包括第一电极组，如此，可穿戴设备上的所有电极均是可拆卸的电极。
可导电结构是提高电极结构的弹性系数的关键，下面将结合附图对本说明书实施例中的可导电结构进行详细说明。
图4是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，本说明书实施例中的可导电结构可以包括图4中示出的连接电极420。在一些实施例中，如图4所示，电极结构400中的多个电极410中的每一个与多个电极410中的至少一个通过连接电极420实现软性连接，并且连接电极420可以将所连接的电极410电导通。在一些实施例中，如图4所示，多个电极410中的每一个电极410可以和与之相邻的所有电极410通过连接电极420实现软性连接。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极410之间能够电导通的情况下，每一个电极410也可以和与之相邻的至少一个电极410通过连接电极420实现软性连接。关于电极结构400中的电极410、基底430分别与电极结构100中的电极110、基底130类似，更多关于电极结构400中的电极410、基底430的描述可以参考电极结构100中的电极110、基底130的相关描述，在此不再赘述。在一些实施例中，连接电极420可以是指与电极410一样能够用作导电介质并且连接在两个相邻的电极410之间的连接部件。在一些实施例中，连接电极420和电极410的材料可以相同或不同。在一些实施例中，连接电极420既可以电导通相邻的电极410，也可以实现与电极410相同的功能，即在贴合人体皮肤时采集肌电信号。
在一些实施例中，通过控制连接电极420在第一方向上的最大尺寸和/或在第二方向上的最大尺寸，可以使得连接电极420能够实现所连接的电极410之间的软性连接。在一些 实施例中，电极结构400中沿第一方向设置的连接电极420在第一方向上的最大尺寸大于其在第二方向上的最大尺寸，沿第一方向设置的连接电极420在第一方向上的最大尺寸与其在第二方向上的最大尺寸之间的比值越大，沿第一方向设置的连接电极420的弹性系数就越小，电极结构400在第一方向的第一弹性系数就可以越小，电极结构400在第一方向的可变形量就越大。在一些实施例中，电极结构400中沿第二方向设置的连接电极420在第一方向上的最大尺寸小于其在第二方向上的最大尺寸，电极结构400中沿第二方向设置的连接电极420在第一方向上的最大尺寸与其在第二方向上的最大尺寸之间的比值越小，沿第二方向设置的连接电极420的弹性系数就越小，电极结构400在第二方向的第二弹性系数就可以越小，电极结构400在第二方向的可变形量就越大。在一些实施例中，电极结构400中沿第一方向设置的连接电极420在第二方向上的最大尺寸小于沿第一方向分布的电极410在第二方向上的最大尺寸。在一些实施例中，电极结构400中沿第二方向设置的连接电极420在第一方向上的最大尺寸小于沿第二方向分布的电极410在第一方向上的最大尺寸。
在一些实施例中，连接电极420与电极410之间可以是分体式结构，连接电极420的两端可以通过粘接、焊接等方式与两个相邻的电极410连接。在一些实施例中，连接电极420的两端可以与两个电极可拆卸式连接。在一些实施例中，连接电极420的两端与两个电极410之间采用插接。在一些实施例中，连接电极420的两端与两个电极410之间采用卡接。关于插接和卡接的具体说明可以参见可导电结构部分。在一些实施例中，为使连接电极420与电极410能够更好地适应不同的尺寸和形状需求，连接电极420的自然长度大于所连接的电极之间的初始间距。在一些实施例中，为使连接电极420与电极410能够更好地适应不同的尺寸和形状需求，连接电极420可以为柔性电极。在一些实施例中，连接电极420的轴向的可变形量为5％～200％。
在一些实施例中，连接电极420与其所连接的电极410中的一个或两个可以是一体式结构，或者连接电极420可以看作是电极410的一部分。在一些实施例中，电极结构400可以是一体式结构，即电极结构400中的所有电极410与连接电极420为一体式设计，电极410与连接电极420之间无需再通过其他连接方式进行连接。作为示例性说明，可以将一整个电极片进行镂空处理(例如，激光切割、冲压等)，以得到一体式的多个电极410和连接电极420，即电极结构400。在一些实施例中，镂空处理后的电极片可以形成网格结构，电极片具有多个规则或不规则排列的网孔。电极片上较细(在第一方向上第二方向尺寸较小或在第二方向上第一方向尺寸较小)的部分为连接电极420，电极片上较粗(在第一方向上第二方向尺寸较大或在第二方向上第一方向尺寸较大)的部分为电极410。需要说明的是，连接电极420 不仅可以适用于图4示出的电极结构400，也即是适用于电极机构100中的连接件120，还可以适用于电极结构200中的连接件220以及电极结构300中的连接件320。
图5是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，本说明书实施例中的可导电结构可以包括图5中示出的导线520。在一些实施例中，如图5所示，电极结构500中的多个电极510中的每一个与多个电极510中的至少一个通过导线520实现软性连接，并且导线520可以将所连接的电极510电导通。在一些实施例中，如图5所示，多个电极510中的每一个电极510可以和与之相邻的所有电极510通过导线520实现软性连接。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极510之间能够电导通的情况下，每一个电极510也可以和与之相邻的至少一个电极510通过导线520实现软性连接。关于电极结构500中的电极510、基底530分别与电极结构100中的电极510、基底530类似，更多关于电极结构500中的电极510、基底530的描述可以参考电极结构100中的电极110、基底130的相关描述，在此不再赘述。在一些实施例中，导线520可以是指具有一定导电能力的线状结构。
在一些实施例中，为了保证导线520能够实现所连接的电极510之间的软性连接，导线520沿其轴向可弹性伸缩。其中，导线520沿其轴向可弹性伸缩可以是指导线520在受到外力的作用下在其轴线方向上可以伸长或缩短并且在外力消失后可以恢复到初始长度。在一些实施例中，导线520的材料可以包括镀导电金属的纤维、沉积导电物质的纤维及混合导电物质的高分子聚合物中的至少一种。示例性的导电金属包括金、银、铁及铜等。示例性的导电物质包括导电金属、碳及石墨烯等。这些材料可以保证导线520具有将所连接的电极510电导通的能力，还能让导线520具备沿其轴向可弹性伸缩的能力。
在一些实施例中，导线520与电极510之间可以是分体式结构，导线520的两端可以通过粘接、焊接等方式与两个相邻的电极510连接。在一些实施例中，导线520的两端可以与两个电极510可拆卸式连接。
在一些实施例中，导线520的可变形量可以直接影响电极结构500在第一方向的第一弹性系数和/或在第二方向的第二弹性系数。在一些实施例中，导线520的可变形量可以是指导线520即将发生塑性变形(例如，断裂)时沿轴向弹性伸长后的最大长度与导线520的初始长度之间的差值百分比。在一些实施例中，导线520的可变形量越大，电极结构500在第一方向的第一弹性系数和/或在第二方向的第二弹性系数就越小，电极结构500在第一方向的和/或在第二方向的可变形量就越大。在一些实施例中，导线520的可变形量可以为5％～200％。在一些实施例中，导线520的可变形量可以为20％～200％。在一些实施例中，导线520的可 变形量可以为50％～200％。在一些实施例中，导线520的可变形量可以为100％～200％。需要说明的是，导线520不仅可以适用于图5示出的电极结构500，也即是适用于电极结构100中的连接件120，还可以适用于电极结构200中的连接件220以及电极结构300中的连接件320。在一些可替换的实施例中，导线520可以是由液体导体形成的液体导线。此时，相邻电极510之间通过液体导线连接，可以提供较好的软连接效果。
图6是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的电极结构的结构示意图。
在一些实施例中，本说明书实施例中的连接件(例如，连接件120、220或320)可以包括图6中示出的导线620。在一些实施例中，如图6所示，电极结构600中的多个电极610中的每一个与多个电极610中的至少一个通过导线620实现软性连接，并且导线620可以将所连接的电极610电导通。在一些实施例中，如图6所示，多个电极610中的每一个电极610可以和与之相邻的所有电极610通过导线620实现软性连接。在一些实施例中，在满足所有电极610之间能够电导通的情况下，每一个电极610也可以和与之相邻的至少一个电极610通过导线620实现软性连接。关于电极结构600中的电极610、基底630分别与电极结构100中的电极110、基底130类似，更多关于电极结构500中的电极510、基底530的描述可以参考电极结构100中的电极110、基底130的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，为了保证导线620能够实现所连接的电极610之间的软性连接，导线620的自然长度可以大于所连接的电极610之间的初始间距。其中，导线620的自然长度可以是指导线620展开成一条直线后的长度，所连接的电极610之间的初始间距可以是指电极结构600在没有受到外力发生变形(例如，沿第一方向或第二方向伸缩或弯曲等)时导线620所连接的两个相邻电极610之间的间距。在一些实施例中，通过使导线620的自然长度大于所连接的电极610的之间的间距，当导线620连接在两个相邻的电极610之间时，导线620可以包括至少一个弯曲部，当基底630受到沿第一方向或第二方向的力而发生拉伸时，导线620的弯曲部可以展开，从而减小对基底630发生拉伸形变的阻碍，以此可以实现所连接的电极610之间的软性连接。在一些实施例中，导线620的自然长度与所连接的电极610之间的比值可以为1.5～10。在一些实施例中，导线620的自然长度与所连接的电极610之间的比值可以为2～10。在一些实施例中，导线620的自然长度与所连接的电极610之间的比值可以为5～10。在一些实施例中，导线620可以采用具有一定导电能力的刚性材料制成，例如，导线620的材料可以为金、银、铁、铜等金属材料。在一些实施例中，导线620也可以采用与导线520相同的材料制成。需要说明的是，导线620不仅可以适用于图6示出的电极结构600，也即是适用于电极机构100中的连接件120，还可以适用于电极结构200中的连接件220 以及电极结构300中的连接件320。
本说明书实施例还提供了一种可穿戴设备，该可穿戴设备可以用于穿戴在人体上以采集人体的生理信号，并且保证人体具有较好的舒适感。下面将结合附图对本说明书实施例提供的可穿戴设备进行详细说明。
图7是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的可穿戴设备的结构示意图。
如图7所示，可穿戴设备700可以包括穿戴部710、至少两个第一电极720和至少两个第二电极730。其中，穿戴部710可以包括基底711，至少两个第一电极720可以间隔布置在基底711上，用于贴合皮肤以分别采集生理信号(例如，肌电信号、心电信号等)，至少两个第二电极730可以间隔布置在基底711上且之间通过连接件740电连接，以为采集到的生理信号提供参考电压。
穿戴部710可以用于穿戴在用户身体上。在一些实施例中，穿戴部710可以为上衣(例如，T恤、马甲、背心、外套等)，穿戴于用户的上半身。在一些实施例中，穿戴部710可以为裤装(例如长裤、短裤等)，穿戴于用户的下半身。在一些实施例中，穿戴部710也可以为腿环或腰带，分别对应穿戴于用户的腿部或腰部。在一些实施例中，穿戴部710还可以为手环、头盔等，分别对应穿戴于用户的手部或头部。在一些实施例中，基底711可以是指穿戴部710与用户身体贴合的表面。在一些实施例中，穿戴部710可以与第一电极720和/或第二电极730具有一致或基本一致的可形变量，这样可以保证穿戴部710上设置第一电极720和/或第二电极730的部分不易出现损坏的情况。
在一些实施例中，当用户佩戴穿戴部710时，至少两个第一电极720可以贴合在用户的正中矢状面的两侧，例如，至少两个第一电极720可以分别贴合在用户的胸部、腰部等位于正中矢状面的两侧，或者至少两个第一电极720可以分别贴合用户左手和右手、左腿或右腿等。在一些实施例中，至少两个第一电极720可以相对用户的正中矢状面对称，这样有利于消除或抑制采集到的生理信号(例如，心电信号)中噪声(例如，运动伪迹)的干扰，提高生理信号的质量。在一些实施例中，至少两个第一电极720也可以不相对用户的正中矢状面对称。在一些实施例中，用户的正中矢状面可以是指通过用户身体的正中线的平面，其中，用户身体的正中线可以根据用户的鼻尖到两乳头中间的连线、从两乳头中间到腹部脐中间的连线或从腹部脐的中间到耻骨联合关节中间的连线来确定。
在一些实施例中，当至少两个第一电极720用于采集肌电信号时，至少两个第一电极720可以沿用户的肌肉纤维方向与皮肤贴合。在一些实施例中，第一电极720可以是一整片电极，例如，第一电极720可以与本说明书实施例中的电极(例如，电极110、210、310、 410、510或610)类似。在一些实施例中，第一电极720可以是本说明书实施例所提供的电极结构(例如，电极结构100、200、300、400、500或600)，本说明书实施例提供的电极结构可以具有较大的可变形量，当设置在穿戴部710上与用户皮肤贴合时，可以保证用户的动作不会受到束缚，发力不会受到阻碍，使用户具有较好的舒适感，并且便于用户穿脱，用户具有较好的舒适感。
在一些实施例中，至少两个第二电极730可以作为参考地电极，以及至少两个第一电极720采集到的生理信号提供参考电压，从而有利于消除或抑制生理信号中的噪声(例如，运动伪迹、工频等)干扰，提高生理信号质量。例如，在对第一电极720所采集的信号进行放大处理的过程中，第二电极730所产生的电压可以作为放大器的参考电压。
在一些实施例中，当用户佩戴穿戴部710时，至少两个第二电极730可以相对用户的正中矢状面对称，这样可以提高穿戴部710的关于用户的正中矢状面两侧的可变形量(或称为弹性)的一致性，从而可以有利于对至少两个第一电极720采集到的生理信号中的噪声(例如，运动伪迹)，提高生理信号质量。在一些实施例中，第二电极730可以是一整片电极，例如，第二电极730可以与本说明书实施例中的电极(例如，电极110、210、310、410、510或610)类似。也可以是本说明书实施例所提供的电极结构(例如，电极结构100、200、300、400、500或600)。
在一些实施例中，连接件740不仅可以实现至少两个第二电极730之间的电连接，保持统一的参考低电压，还可以实现所连接的至少两个第二电极730之间的软性连接，这使得至少两个第二电极730与连接在其之间的连接件740形成的整体结构可以具有较大的可变形量，当设置在穿戴部710上与用户皮肤贴合时，保证用户的动作不会受到束缚，发力不会受到阻碍，使用户具有较好的舒适感，并且便于用户穿脱。在一些实施例中，连接件740可以与本说明书实施例中的连接件(例如，连接件120、220或320)类似，进一步地，连接件740可以是图4中示出的连接电极420、图5中示出的导线520或图6中示出的导线620，关于连接件740的更多描述可以参考图4中示出的连接电极420、图5中示出的导线520或图6中示出的导线620的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
图8是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的可穿戴设备的结构示意图。
如图8所示，可穿戴设备800包括穿戴部810和至少两个电极结构820。其中，穿戴部810包括与用户身体贴合的基底811，至少两个电极结构820可以间隔布置在基底811上，用于贴合皮肤采集生理信号。关于穿戴部810以及基底811可以分别与可穿戴设备700中的穿戴部710以及基底711类似，更多关于穿戴部810以及基底811的描述可以参考可穿戴设 备700中的穿戴部710以及基底711的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
电极结构820可以包括多个电极821，多个电极821中的每一个与多个电极821中的至少另一个可以通过连接件822电连接，电极结构820可以用于采集用户身体的电信号(例如，同一目标肌肉的电信号)。其中，电极821可以与图1中示出的电极110类似，关于电极821的更多描述可以参考电极110的相关描述，在此不再赘述。在一些实施例中，可以根据至少两个电极结构820对应目标肌肉的电信号来确定生理信号。作为示例性说明，至少两个电极结构820可以在用户身体同一目标肌肉的不同位置(例如，沿着肌肉纤维方向的不同位置)采集不同的电信号，电信号可以是对应目标肌肉的电位，通过确定目标肌肉不同位置之间的电位差可以用于反映该目标肌肉的发力情况。在一些实施例中，至少两个电极结构820可以关于用户身体的正中矢状面对称或非对称贴合在用户身体的两侧。在一些实施例中，电极结构820可以与穿戴部810具有一致或基本一致的可形变量，这样可以保证穿戴部810上设置电极结构820的部分不易出现损坏的情况。
在一些实施例中，电极结构820可以与本说明书实施例提供的电极结构(例如，电极结构100、200、300、400、500或600)类似，例如，如图8所示，电极结构820可以与电极结构100类似。关于电极结构820以及电极821的更多描述可以参考图1中示出的电极结构100、图2中示出的电极结构200、图3中示出的电极结构300、图4中示出的电极结构400、图5中示出的电极结构500或图6中示出的电极结构600的相关描述，在此不再赘述。其中，连接件822可以与本说明书实施例中的连接件(例如，连接件120、220或320)类似，进一步地，连接件822可以是图4中示出的连接电极420、图5中示出的导线520或图6中示出的导线620，以用于实现连接件822所连接的电极821之间的软性连接，从而使得电极结构820具有较大的可变形量(或称为弹性)，当设置在穿戴部810上与用户皮肤贴合时，保证用户的动作不会受到束缚，发力不会受到阻碍，使用户具有较好的舒适感，并且便于用户穿脱。关于连接件822的更多描述可以分别参考图4中示出的连接电极420、图5中示出的导线520或图6中示出的导线620的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，电极结构820还可以包括基底823，多个电极821可以分别沿第一方向和第二方向间隔布置在基底823上。在一些实施例中，基底823可以是基底811的一部分。在一些实施例中，基底823可以相对于基底811独立设置，例如，基底823远离电极821的一面可以与基底811连接，从而将电极结构820连接到基底811上。关于基底823的更多描述可以参考图1中示出的基底130的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作 为示例，而并不构成对本申请的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本申请进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本申请中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本申请示范实施例的精神和范围。
同时，本申请使用了特定词语来描述本申请的实施例。如“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、和/或“一些实施例”意指与本申请至少一个实施例相关的某一特征、结构或特点。因此，应强调并注意的是，本说明书中在不同位置两次或多次提及的“一实施例”或“一个实施例”或“一个替代性实施例”并不一定是指同一实施例。此外，本申请的一个或多个实施例中的某些特征、结构或特点可以进行适当的组合。
同理，应当注意的是，为了简化本申请披露的表述，从而帮助对一个或多个发明实施例的理解，前文对本申请实施例的描述中，有时会将多种特征归并至一个实施例、附图或对其的描述中。但是，这种披露方法并不意味着本申请对象所需要的特征比权利要求中提及的特征多。实际上，实施例的特征要少于上述披露的单个实施例的全部特征。
最后，应当理解的是，本申请中所述实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的原则。其他的变形也可能属于本申请的范围。因此，作为示例而非限制，本申请实施例的替代配置可视为与本申请的教导一致。相应地，本申请的实施例不仅限于本申请明确介绍和描述的实施例。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种电极结构，包括：多个电极，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个至少通过连接件实现软性连接，所述连接件能够将所连接的电极电导通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极结构，其中，所述连接件包括可导电结构，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个之间通过所述可导电结构实现所述软性连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构沿所述可导电结构的轴向的可变形量为5％～200％。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构的自然长度大于所连接的电极之间的初始间距。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构的自然长度与所连接的电极之间的初始间距的比值为1.5～10。
  6. 根据权利要求2～5任一项所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构与所连接的电极可拆卸式连接。
  7. 根据权利要求2～6任一项所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构与所连接的电极插接。
  8. 根据权利要求2～7任一项所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构包括导线，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个之间通过至少一条所述导线实现所述软性连接，所述导线能够将所连接的电极电导通。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电极结构，其中，所述导线的材料包括镀导电金属的纤维、沉积导电物质的纤维及混合导电物质的高分子聚合物中的至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求2～7任一项所述的电极结构，其中，所述可导电结构包括连接电极，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个之间通过至少一个所述连接电极实现 所述软性连接，所述连接电极能够将所连接的电极电导通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电极结构，其中，所述连接电极与所述多个电极为一体式结构。
  12. 根据权利要求2～11任一项所述的电极结构，其中，所述多个电极中的每个电极在第一方向上的最大尺寸与在第二方向上的最大尺寸之间的比值为0.1～10；其中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向垂直。
  13. 根据权利要求2～11任一项所述的电极结构，其中，所述电极结构还包括基底，所述多个电极分别沿第一方向和第二方向布置在所述基底上，所述电极结构在所述第一方向和所述第二方向上分别具有不同的弹性系数。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电极结构，其中，所述多个电极中的每个电极的面积为1mm 2～20mm 2。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的电极结构，其中，所述电极结构的面积与所述多个电极的面积之和的比值为1～1000。
  16. 一种可穿戴设备，包括：
    穿戴部，包括与用户身体贴合的基底；
    至少两个第一电极，间隔布置在所述基底上，用于贴合皮肤以分别采集生理信号；以及
    至少两个第二电极，间隔布置在所述基底上且之间通过连接件电连接，所述至少两个第二电极贴合皮肤以为所述生理信号提供参考电压。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的可穿戴设备，其中，当所述用户穿戴所述穿戴部时，所述至少两个第二电极相对所述用户的正中矢状面对称。
  18. 一种可穿戴设备，包括：
    穿戴部，包括与用户身体贴合的基底；
    至少两个电极结构，所述至少两个电极结构间隔布置在所述基底上，用于贴合皮肤以采 集生理信号，其中，
    每个所述电极结构包括多个电极，所述多个电极中的每一个与所述多个电极中的至少另一个通过连接件电连接，所述电极结构被配置为采集用户身体同一目标肌肉的电信号。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的可穿戴设备，其中，所述多个电极中的至少部分电极与所述穿戴部可拆卸式连接。
PCT/CN2022/134676 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备 Ceased WO2024113091A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/134676 WO2024113091A1 (zh) 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备
CN202280096285.6A CN119212621A (zh) 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备
EP22966696.1A EP4512335A4 (en) 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 ELECTRODE STRUCTURE AND WEARABLE DEVICE
US18/954,461 US20250072806A1 (en) 2022-11-28 2024-11-20 Electrode structures and wearable devices

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/134676 WO2024113091A1 (zh) 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/954,461 Continuation US20250072806A1 (en) 2022-11-28 2024-11-20 Electrode structures and wearable devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024113091A1 true WO2024113091A1 (zh) 2024-06-06

Family

ID=91322652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/134676 Ceased WO2024113091A1 (zh) 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20250072806A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4512335A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN119212621A (zh)
WO (1) WO2024113091A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2024100150A (ja) * 2023-01-13 2024-07-26 新光電気工業株式会社 筋電センサ

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008017921A2 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-02-14 Politecnico Di Torino System and method for acquisition of bioelectric signals by means of surface electrodes
US20140174788A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Chun-Chi Lin Sensing electrode structure and touch panel employing the same
CN104739404A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2015-07-01 苏州格林泰克科技有限公司 一种可穿戴式生物电信号采集装置
KR20160069623A (ko) * 2014-12-08 2016-06-17 (주)이미지스테크놀로지 전도성 실을 이용한 생체신호 감지용 센서모듈
JP2018114093A (ja) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-26 Smk株式会社 生体用電極装着具
CN111803794A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-10-23 江苏海莱新创医疗科技有限公司 可穿戴电场施加装置
CN114099958A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-01 江苏海莱新创医疗科技有限公司 电场治疗仪及其电极贴片
CN114904141A (zh) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-16 张彧 一种可穿戴理疗装置及制造方法
CN219183776U (zh) * 2022-11-28 2023-06-16 深圳市韶音科技有限公司 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150366504A1 (en) * 2014-06-20 2015-12-24 Medibotics Llc Electromyographic Clothing
NL2017506B1 (en) * 2016-09-21 2018-03-29 Bambi Belt B V Wearable device, method and system for monitoring one or more vital signs of a human body.
EP3568879B1 (en) * 2017-01-10 2024-05-29 The Regents of the University of California Stretchable ultrasonic transducer devices
KR20220073068A (ko) * 2020-11-26 2022-06-03 (주) 로임시스템 스마트 의복 결합형 생체 신호 측정 시스템

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008017921A2 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-02-14 Politecnico Di Torino System and method for acquisition of bioelectric signals by means of surface electrodes
US20140174788A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Chun-Chi Lin Sensing electrode structure and touch panel employing the same
KR20160069623A (ko) * 2014-12-08 2016-06-17 (주)이미지스테크놀로지 전도성 실을 이용한 생체신호 감지용 센서모듈
CN104739404A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2015-07-01 苏州格林泰克科技有限公司 一种可穿戴式生物电信号采集装置
JP2018114093A (ja) * 2017-01-18 2018-07-26 Smk株式会社 生体用電極装着具
CN111803794A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-10-23 江苏海莱新创医疗科技有限公司 可穿戴电场施加装置
CN114099958A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-03-01 江苏海莱新创医疗科技有限公司 电场治疗仪及其电极贴片
CN114904141A (zh) * 2022-05-17 2022-08-16 张彧 一种可穿戴理疗装置及制造方法
CN219183776U (zh) * 2022-11-28 2023-06-16 深圳市韶音科技有限公司 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4512335A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20250072806A1 (en) 2025-03-06
EP4512335A4 (en) 2025-07-30
EP4512335A1 (en) 2025-02-26
CN119212621A (zh) 2024-12-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Golparvar et al. Electrooculography by wearable graphene textiles
US12053269B2 (en) Electrode belt device for measuring bio-signal
US20180184735A1 (en) Physiological monitoring garments with enhanced sensor stabilization
CN112203585A (zh) 套形式的纺织品计算平台
US20130274583A1 (en) Electrodes Adapted for Transmitting or Measuring Voltages Through Hair
JP7002000B2 (ja) 生体センサおよび生体センサの製造方法
CN219183776U (zh) 一种电极结构及可穿戴设备
WO2011002092A1 (ja) 生体信号測定用装具
RU2444988C1 (ru) Электродное устройство для носимого экг-монитора
Debbarma et al. A lightweight flexible wireless electrooculogram monitoring system with printed gold electrodes
JP6808897B2 (ja) 生体信号検出装具および生体信号検出方法
US20250072806A1 (en) Electrode structures and wearable devices
US11642081B2 (en) Electrode headset
US12201427B2 (en) Headband with brain activity sensors
Nagwade et al. Prospects of soft biopotential interfaces for wearable human-machine interactive devices and applications
KR101907511B1 (ko) 근육 및 관절의 통증 완화를 위한 가변형 저주파 기기
Paul et al. Attention state classification with in-ear EEG
CN112315477B (zh) 可水洗生理状态感测装置
CN220778334U (zh) 一种可穿戴设备
US20240345406A1 (en) Adaptable high performance neural interface electrodes that conform to human anatomy
US12310749B2 (en) Eyewear (eyeglasses) with electrodes (EEG sensors) for prediction and/or detection of health events or use as a brain-to-computer interface (BCI)
Caldani et al. E-textile platforms for rehabilitation
WO2025119236A1 (zh) 脑电干电极及具有其脑电测量装置
WO2024103214A1 (zh) 信号采集系统
Nguyen et al. Flexible fabric electrodes integrated with mouthguard for electroocoulogram measurement

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22966696

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 22966696.1

Country of ref document: EP

Ref document number: 202280096285.6

Country of ref document: CN

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022966696

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20241121

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 202280096285.6

Country of ref document: CN

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE