WO2024123012A1 - 배터리 팩 - Google Patents
배터리 팩 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024123012A1 WO2024123012A1 PCT/KR2023/019808 KR2023019808W WO2024123012A1 WO 2024123012 A1 WO2024123012 A1 WO 2024123012A1 KR 2023019808 W KR2023019808 W KR 2023019808W WO 2024123012 A1 WO2024123012 A1 WO 2024123012A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery
- devices
- battery devices
- battery pack
- battery cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
- H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
- H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/267—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders having means for adapting to batteries or cells of different types or different sizes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
- H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery pack.
- This application claims the benefit of Korean Application No. 10-2022-0168151, filed on December 5, 2022, and Korean Application No. 10-2023-0024931, filed on February 24, 2023, which are incorporated herein by reference. It is referenced in its entirety.
- Secondary batteries can be charged and discharged multiple times.
- Secondary batteries are widely used as an energy source for various wireless devices such as handsets, laptops, and cordless vacuum cleaners.
- the manufacturing cost per unit capacity of secondary batteries has dramatically decreased due to improvements in energy density and economies of scale, and as the range of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) has increased to the same level as fuel vehicles, the main uses of secondary batteries are is moving from mobile devices to mobility.
- BEVs battery electric vehicles
- the problem to be solved by the technical idea of the present invention is to provide a battery pack with improved safety.
- a battery pack includes a plurality of first battery devices mounted on a housing and spaced apart from each other; and a plurality of second battery devices mounted on the housing and interposed between the plurality of first battery devices, wherein each of the plurality of first battery devices includes a first positive electrode active material. Includes first battery cells, and each of the plurality of second battery devices includes a plurality of second battery cells including a second positive electrode active material different from the first positive electrode active material.
- the first positive electrode active material includes nickel and manganese.
- the second positive electrode active material includes iron and phosphorus.
- the area of each of the plurality of first battery devices is different from the area of each of the second battery devices.
- An area of each of the plurality of first battery devices is smaller than an area of each of the second battery devices.
- An area of each of the plurality of first battery devices is larger than an area of each of the second battery devices.
- Each of the plurality of first battery devices includes a first bus bar plate including a first positive terminal and a second negative terminal connected to each of the plurality of first battery cells.
- Each of the plurality of second battery devices includes a second bus bar plate including a second positive terminal and a second negative terminal connected to each of the plurality of first battery cells.
- Each of the plurality of first battery devices includes a thermal separator interposed between the plurality of first battery cells.
- the thermal separator includes any of ceramic materials, coated glass fibers, calcium-silicates, aramids, and intumescent materials.
- the thermal separator includes channels for coolant to flow.
- the thermal separator is configured to release any one of a fire retarding material and a fire extinguishing agent when adjacent ones of the plurality of first battery cells are in a thermal runaway state.
- Each of the plurality of second battery cells of each of the plurality of second battery devices contacts a neighboring one of the plurality of second battery cells.
- Each of the plurality of second battery devices does not include a thermal separator.
- Each of the plurality of first battery devices is spaced apart from each other with a neighboring one of the plurality of second battery devices in between.
- second battery devices may be arranged between first battery devices including first battery cells containing nickel and manganese as positive active materials.
- the second battery devices include second battery cells containing phosphoric acid and iron as positive active materials.
- heat propagation within the battery pack may be delayed.
- the first battery devices include a plurality of thermal separators interposed between the first battery cells, and the second battery devices do not include a thermal separator, the energy efficiency of the battery pack can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view for explaining a battery pack according to example embodiments.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line AA-AA' in FIG. 1.
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line BB-BB' in Figure 1.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view for explaining a battery pack according to example embodiments.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view for explaining a battery pack according to example embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view for explaining a battery pack according to example embodiments.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line AA-AA' in FIG. 1.
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line BB-BB' in Figure 1.
- the battery pack 100 includes a housing 110, a plurality of first battery devices 120, a plurality of second battery devices 130, a center beam 141, and a plurality of It may include cross beams 143, a plurality of exhaust devices 150, and a plurality of bus bars 160.
- the battery pack 100 is the final form of a battery system installed in mobility, etc.
- the housing 110 may provide a space for mounting the first battery devices 120 and the second battery devices 130.
- the housing 110 may include a bottom plate 110B and a plurality of side walls 110W.
- X direction and Y direction Two directions substantially parallel to the bottom plate 110B of the housing 110 are defined as the X direction and Y direction, and a direction substantially perpendicular to the bottom plate 110B of the housing 110 is defined as the Z direction.
- Each of the X, Y, and Z directions may be substantially perpendicular to each other.
- a plurality of first battery devices 120 and a plurality of second battery devices 130 may be disposed on the bottom plate 110B.
- the bottom plate 110B may support a plurality of first battery devices 120 and a plurality of second battery devices 130.
- the plurality of side walls 110W may horizontally surround the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- the plurality of side walls 110W may protect the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- Each of the first plurality of battery devices 120 and each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may be of a modular type. Each of the first battery devices 120 and the second battery devices 130 may not include a module frame.
- Each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may include a plurality of first battery cells 121 and a first bus bar plate 125.
- Each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may include a plurality of second battery cells 131 and a second bus bar plate 135.
- the plurality of first battery cells 121 and the plurality of second battery cells 131 are the basic units of a lithium ion battery, that is, a secondary battery.
- Each of the first battery cells 121 and the second battery cells 131 includes an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a case.
- the plurality of first battery cells 121 and the plurality of second battery cells 131 are classified into lithium ion batteries, lithium ion polymer batteries, lithium polymer batteries, etc. depending on the composition of the electrode assembly and electrolyte. Lithium-ion polymer batteries are increasing their market share in secondary batteries because they are less likely to leak electrolyte and are easier to manufacture.
- Each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 and the plurality of second battery cells 131 may be one of a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, and a pouch-type battery cell.
- the electrode assembly of a cylindrical battery cell is embedded in a cylindrical metal can.
- the electrode assembly of the prismatic battery cell is embedded in a prismatic metal can.
- the electrode assembly of the pouch-type battery cell is embedded in a pouch case containing aluminum laminate sheets.
- the electrode assembly built into the battery case includes an anode, a cathode, and a separator interposed between the anode and the cathode. Electrode assemblies are classified into jelly-roll type and stack type according to assembly type.
- the jelly roll type is made by winding an anode, a cathode, and a separator sandwiched between them.
- the stack type includes a plurality of sequentially stacked anodes, a plurality of cathodes, and a plurality of separators interposed between them.
- the positive electrode may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material.
- the negative electrode may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material.
- the thickness of the positive electrode current collector may range from about 3 ⁇ m to about 500 ⁇ m (Ranges from about 3 ⁇ m to about 500 ⁇ m).
- the positive electrode current collector may not cause chemical changes in the secondary battery that is ultimately manufactured and may have high conductivity.
- the positive electrode current collector may include, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, and aluminum.
- the positive electrode current collector may include stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the surface of the positive electrode current collector may include a fine concavo-convex structure to increase the adhesion of the active material.
- the positive electrode current collector may have a shape such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, or non-woven fabric.
- the thickness of the negative electrode current collector may range from about 3 ⁇ m to about 500 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode current collector may not cause chemical changes in the secondary battery that is ultimately manufactured and may have high conductivity.
- the negative electrode current collector may include copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, and aluminum-cadmium alloy.
- the negative electrode current collector may include stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the surface of the negative electrode current collector may include a fine concave-convex structure to increase the adhesion of the active material.
- the negative electrode current collector may have a shape such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous material, foam, or non-woven fabric.
- the negative electrode active material may include, for example, carbon such as non-graphitized carbon or graphitic carbon.
- the negative electrode active material is, for example, Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), LixWO 2 ( 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 ), Sn Any one of Pb and Ge, Me' is one of Al, B, P, Si, a group 1, 2, and 3 element of the periodic table, and halogen; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;; 1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8) and other metal complex oxides.
- Negative active materials include, for example, lithium metal; lithium alloy; silicon-based alloy; It may contain a tin-based alloy.
- the negative electrode active material is, for example, SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , Bi 2 O 5 , and other metal oxides.
- Negative active materials include, for example, conductive polymers such as polyacetylene; It may include Li-Co-Ni based materials, etc.
- each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may include a first positive electrode active material.
- each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may include a second positive electrode active material.
- the first positive electrode active material may be different from the second positive electrode active material.
- the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material are materials that can cause an electrochemical reaction.
- the first positive electrode active material and the second positive electrode active material may be lithium transition metal oxide.
- the first positive electrode active material may include a layered structure.
- the first positive electrode active material may include nickel and manganese.
- the first positive electrode active material may include, for example, a layered compound such as lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) and lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ) substituted with one or more transition metals; Lithium manganese oxide substituted with one or more transition metals; Lithium nickel type represented by the formula LiNi 1-y M y O 2 (where M is any one of Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B, Cr, Zn and Ga, 0.01 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.7) oxide; Like Li 1+z Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , Li 1+zN i 0.4 Mn 0.4 Co 0.2 O 2 , Li 1+z Ni b Mn c Co 1-(b+c+d ) M d O (2-e) A e (where -0.5 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.5,
- the second positive electrode active material may include an olivine structure.
- the second positive electrode active material may include iron and phosphorus.
- the second positive electrode active material has the formula Li 1+x M 1-y M'y PO 4- z Any one, M' is any one of Al, Mg and Ti, X is any one of F, S and N, -0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ +0.5, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 0.1 ) may include olivine-based lithium metal phosphate expressed as ).
- the energy density of each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may be greater than the energy density of each of the plurality of second battery cells 131.
- the safety and stability of each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may be higher than the safety and stability of each of the plurality of first battery cells 121.
- the lifespan of each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may be shorter than the lifespan of each of the plurality of second battery cells 131.
- the second positive electrode active material with an olivine structure has a lattice structure in which crystal-shaped hexahedrons are organically connected to each other, and is superior to the first positive electrode active material in terms of lifespan and fire stability.
- the first cathode active material has a higher energy density than the second cathode active material, and in particular has superior low-temperature performance compared to the second cathode active material.
- Each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may include a first positive electrode tab and a first negative electrode tab. Each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may further include a first positive lead and a first negative lead for connection to the outside. The first negative lead of each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may be connected to the first positive lead of the following first battery cell 121 . The first negative lead of each of the plurality of first battery cells 121 may be welded to the first positive lead of the subsequent first battery cell 121 . Accordingly, the plurality of first battery cells 121 may be connected in series, and each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may be configured to output a high voltage.
- Each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may include a second positive electrode tab and a second negative electrode tab. Each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may further include a second positive lead and a second negative lead for connection to the outside. The second negative lead of each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may be connected to the second positive lead of the subsequent second battery cell 131. The second negative lead of each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may be welded to the second positive lead of the subsequent second battery cell 131. Accordingly, the plurality of second battery cells 131 may be connected in series, and each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may be configured to output a high voltage.
- the first bus bar plate 125 may include a first positive electrode terminal and a first negative terminal.
- the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal may have a bar shape (or a bar shape including a curved portion), such as a bus bar, but are not limited thereto.
- the first positive terminal may be connected to the first positive lead of the leading one of the plurality of first battery cells 121 connected in series, and the first negative terminal may be connected to the first positive lead of the leading one of the plurality of first battery cells 121 connected in series ( 121) may be connected to the first negative lead of the last one.
- Each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may include one first bus bar plate 125.
- the plurality of first battery cells 121 of each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may be connected to the first bus bar plate 125 and may operate as one unit.
- the second bus bar plate 135 may include a second positive electrode terminal and a second negative terminal.
- the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal may have a bar shape, such as a bus bar, but are not limited thereto.
- the second positive terminal may be connected to the second positive lead of the first one of the plurality of second battery cells 131 connected in series, and the second negative terminal may be connected to the second positive lead of the last one of the plurality of second battery cells 131 connected in series. It may be connected to the second cathode lead.
- Each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may include one second bus bar plate 135.
- the plurality of second battery cells 131 of each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may be connected to the second bus bar plate 135 and may operate as one unit.
- each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may further include a plurality of thermal separators 125.
- a plurality of thermal separators 122 may be interposed between the plurality of first battery cells 121 . Accordingly, some of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may come into contact with the plurality of thermal separators 122 .
- the plurality of thermal separators 122 divide the plurality of first battery cells 121 into two or more groups to prevent a thermal runaway event occurring in one group from propagating to another group. It can be delayed or prevented.
- the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be a thermal barrier. According to example embodiments, each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may have a high melting temperature. According to example embodiments, each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may have a low thermal conductivity.
- the melting temperature of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be about 300° C. or higher. According to example embodiments, the melting temperature of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be about 600° C. or higher. According to example embodiments, the melting temperature of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be about 1000° C. or higher. According to example embodiments, the melting temperature of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be 1500° C. or higher.
- the thermal conductivity of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be about 20 W/mK or less. According to example embodiments, the thermal conductivity of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be about 1 W/mK or less. According to example embodiments, the thermal conductivity of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may be about 0.3 W/mK or less. The thermal conductivity of each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 described above can be measured at room temperature (about 25° C.).
- each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 includes ceramics such as aluminum oxide (alumina), magnesium oxide (magnesia), silicon dioxide (silica), silicon nitride, silicon carbide (carborundum), and alumina silicate. May contain substances.
- each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may include any one of calcium-silicate, calcium-magnesium-silicate, and aramid.
- each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may include, for example, glass fiber coated with any of silicone, acrylic, vermiculite, graphite, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may include an intumescent material.
- an intumescent material is a material that increases in volume when exposed to heat.
- the expandable material may isolate the object to be protected (eg, the plurality of first battery cells 121) from a fire source (eg, the battery cells 121 in which a thermal runaway event has occurred) due to expansion in volume.
- Extinguishing by intumescent materials is generally referred to as passive extinguishing, and representative examples of intumescent materials are silicone and acrylic.
- each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 in addition to physically and thermally separating the groups of the plurality of first battery cells 121, each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 includes a plurality of thermal separators, for example, a cooling plate. It may include a fluid circulation system for drawing or absorbing heat from the first battery cells 121. According to example embodiments, each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 may include a channel through which a fluid (i.e., coolant) such as water, glycol-water mixture, etc. flows.
- a fluid i.e., coolant
- each of the plurality of thermal separators 122 applies a fire retarding material and a fire extinguishing agent ( It may be configured to emit any one of a fire extinguishing agent).
- the fire extinguishing agent is a substance that has a fire extinguishing effect, that is, preferably has a combustion suppressing effect and/or prevents the occurrence of fire.
- Fire extinguishing is an action that prevents fire, and refers to an action that can suppress or weaken the continuation of a fire that has already occurred or the occurrence of a new fire.
- a fire extinguishing agent is a substance that isolates chemical substances necessary for the continuation of a fire from the fire source or inhibits the chemical reactions necessary for ignition or continuation of the fire.
- the extinguishing agent may preferably include an extinguishing additive and a solvent (or carrier material).
- fire extinguishing agents may include carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and argon.
- the fire extinguishing agent may include any one of fluoroform, haloform, halocarbon, heptanefluoropropane, bromotrifluoromethane, and bromochlorodifluoromethane.
- first battery cells 121 form one group, and the groups are shown as being alternately arranged with a plurality of thermal separators 122, but this is for illustrative purposes only and does not in any way apply to the present invention. does not limit the technical ideas of
- the plurality of first battery cells 121 may be grouped in an arbitrary number, and the number of first battery cells 121 included in each group may be different.
- each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may not include a thermal separator.
- each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may contact a neighboring one of the plurality of second battery cells 131 .
- each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may be spaced apart from the plurality of thermal separators 122 .
- each of the plurality of second battery cells 131 may not be in contact with the plurality of thermal separators 122 .
- a metal strap and a Thermal Interface Material may be further interposed between the bottom plate 110B and the bottom plate 110B.
- a sheet containing an insulating material may be further disposed on the upper surface of the plurality of first battery cells 121, the upper surface of the plurality of thermal separators 125, and the upper surface of the plurality of second battery cells 131.
- each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may further include a first end plate covering the first bus bar plate 125 .
- each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may further include a second end plate covering the second bus bar plate 135 .
- the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 may be alternately arranged along the X direction.
- a plurality of second battery devices 130 may be interposed between neighboring ones of the plurality of first battery devices 120 .
- the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 may be alternately arranged along the Y direction.
- the number of the first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 arranged in the X direction is three
- the number of the plurality of first battery devices 120 arranged in the Y direction is three.
- the number of the plurality of first battery devices 120 arranged in the Y direction is three.
- the number of the plurality of second battery devices 130 is two. Accordingly, the arrangement of the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 can be said to be a 3 * 2 arrangement.
- a corresponding one of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may be disposed between two neighboring ones of the plurality of first battery devices 120 .
- a corresponding one of the plurality of first battery devices 130 may be disposed between two neighboring two of the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may face one of the sidewall 110W and the plurality of second battery devices 130. Each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 may not face other first battery devices 120 .
- each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may face one of the sidewall 110W and the plurality of first battery devices 120. Each of the plurality of second battery devices 130 may not face other second battery devices 130 .
- a plurality of exhaust devices 150 may be coupled to one of the side walls 110W.
- the side wall 110W combined with the plurality of exhaust devices 150 may include ventilation holes.
- the ventilation holes may be configured to provide a path for discharging gas and heat inside the battery pack 100.
- the plurality of exhaust devices 150 operate on the battery pack 100 when at least one of the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 is in a thermal runaway state. It can be configured to delay thermal propagation by discharging internal high-temperature gas to the outside.
- the thermal runaway of the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 is caused by the temperature change of the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130. This is a state that further accelerates the temperature change, which is an uncontrollable positive feedback.
- the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 in a thermal runaway state exhibit a rapid increase in temperature and emit a large amount of high-pressure gas and combustion debris.
- the center beam 141 and the plurality of cross beams 143 may isolate elements mounted on the housing 110 from each other. Accordingly, the center beam 141 and the plurality of cross beams 143 protect the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 while preventing unwanted short circuits between them. can do.
- the center beam 141 may extend between a pair of opposing side walls 110W.
- the center beam 141 may extend in the X direction.
- the center beam 141 may contact one of a pair of opposing side walls 110W.
- the center beam 141 may isolate the first battery devices 120 from the second battery devices 130.
- the center beam 141 may be interposed between the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- the plurality of cross beams 143 may extend in a direction perpendicular to the center beam 141 (eg, Y direction). According to example embodiments, the plurality of cross beams 143 may extend between the center beam 141 and the side walls 110W. According to example embodiments, the plurality of cross beams 143 may contact the center beam 141 and the side walls 110W. The plurality of cross beams 143 may isolate the first battery devices 120 from the plurality of second battery devices 130. The plurality of cross beams 143 may be interposed between the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- the arrangement of the first and cross beams 141 and 133 and the corresponding arrangement of the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 disclosed in FIG. 1 are non-limiting examples, and any It does not limit the technical idea of the present invention in any way. A person skilled in the art will be able to easily arrive at a battery pack including various arrangements and numbers of first to cross beams and first and second battery devices based on what is described herein.
- the battery pack 100 may further include electrical components. Electrical components may be mounted on the housing 110. Electrical components may be disposed between the side wall 110W where the exhaust devices 150 are installed and the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130. Electrical components may include any electronic elements necessary to drive the battery pack.
- Electrical components may include, for example, a Battery Management System (BMS).
- BMS Battery Management System
- the BMS can be configured to monitor, balance, and control the battery pack.
- Monitoring of the battery pack 100 involves measuring the voltage and current of specific nodes inside the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 and measuring the voltage and current of set locations inside the battery pack 100. May include measurement of temperature.
- Battery pack 100 may include instruments for measuring the voltage, current, and temperature described above.
- Balancing the battery pack 100 is an operation to reduce the deviation between the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- Control of the battery pack 100 includes preventing the occurrence of overcharge, overdischarge, and overcurrent. Through monitoring, balancing, and control, the battery pack 100 can operate under optimal conditions, thereby preventing the lifespan of each of the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130 from being shortened. It can be.
- Electrical components may further include a cooling device, Power Relay Assembly (PRA), safety plug, etc.
- the cooling device may include a cooling fan.
- the cooling fan may prevent each of the first battery devices 120 and the second battery devices 130 from overheating by circulating air inside the battery pack 100.
- the PRA may be configured to supply or block power from the high-voltage battery to an external load (eg, a motor).
- the PRA blocks the power supply to an external load (e.g., a motor) in a situation where an abnormal voltage such as a voltage surge occurs, thereby protecting the plurality of first battery devices 120, the plurality of second battery devices 130, and the external load. (eg, motor) can be protected.
- the plurality of bus bars 160 may be electrically connected to the plurality of first battery devices 120 and the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- the plurality of bus bars 160 may be connected to a first positive terminal and a first negative terminal of the first bus bar plate 125 and to a second positive terminal and a second negative terminal of the second bus bar plate 135.
- Each of the plurality of bus bars 160 may connect the plurality of first battery devices 120 to two adjacent ones of the plurality of second battery devices 130. Each of the plurality of bus bars 160 may connect the plurality of first battery devices 120 to two adjacent ones of the plurality of second battery devices 130.
- the battery devices 120 may be configured to electrically connect two adjacent battery devices 130 among the plurality of second battery devices 130 .
- a plurality of first battery devices 120 and a plurality of second battery devices 130 may be connected in series by a plurality of bus bars 160, and accordingly, the battery pack 100 may transmit a high voltage to an external device. It can be withdrawn.
- the battery pack 100 may further include a lead plate coupled to the housing 110.
- the lead plate may cover elements mounted inside the battery pack 100, such as battery modules 120 and electrical components.
- the lead plate may be fixed to the battery pack 100 by, for example, a mechanical coupling means such as a bolt.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating the battery pack 100a according to example embodiments.
- the battery pack 100a includes a housing 110, a plurality of first battery devices 120a, a plurality of second battery devices 130a, a center beam 141, and a plurality of cross beams ( 143), a plurality of exhaust devices 150, and a plurality of bus bars 160.
- the housing 110, the center beam 141, the plurality of cross beams 143, the plurality of exhaust devices 150, and the plurality of bus bars 160 are substantially the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Therefore, duplicate descriptions of these will be omitted.
- the plurality of first battery devices 120a may include a plurality of first battery cells 121 (see FIG. 2), thermal separators 122 (see FIG. 2), and a first busbar plate 125a.
- the plurality of second battery devices 130a may include a plurality of second battery cells 131 (see FIG. 3) and a first bus bar plate 125a.
- the plurality of second battery devices 130a may not include thermal separators.
- the plurality of first battery devices 120a and the plurality of second battery devices 130a are, except for size, the plurality of first battery devices 120a and the plurality of second battery devices 130a. It is substantially the same as the battery devices 130a.
- the horizontal area of each of the plurality of first battery devices 120a may be different from the horizontal area of each of the plurality of second battery devices 130a.
- the horizontal area of each of the plurality of first battery devices 120a may be smaller than the horizontal area of each of the plurality of second battery devices 130a.
- the plurality of first battery devices 120a can ensure isolation between Accordingly, the safety of the battery pack 100a can be improved.
- the battery pack 100b includes a housing 110, a plurality of first battery devices 120b, a plurality of second battery devices 130b, a center beam 141, and a plurality of cross beams ( 143), a plurality of exhaust devices 150, and a plurality of bus bars 160.
- the housing 110, the center beam 141, the plurality of cross beams 143, the plurality of exhaust devices 150, and the plurality of bus bars 160 are substantially the same as those described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Therefore, duplicate descriptions of these will be omitted.
- the plurality of first battery devices 120b may include a plurality of first battery cells 121 (see FIG. 2), thermal separators 122 (see FIG. 2), and a first busbar plate 125b.
- the plurality of second battery devices 130b may include a plurality of second battery cells 131 (see FIG. 3) and a first bus bar plate 125b.
- the plurality of second battery devices 130b may not include thermal separators.
- the plurality of first battery devices 120b and the plurality of second battery devices 130b are, except for size, the plurality of first battery devices 120b and the plurality of second battery devices 130b. It is substantially the same as the battery devices 130b.
- the horizontal area of each of the plurality of first battery devices 120b may be different from the horizontal area of each of the plurality of second battery devices 130b.
- the horizontal area of each of the plurality of first battery devices 120b may be larger than the horizontal area of each of the plurality of second battery devices 130b.
- the stability of the battery pack 100b is improved by disposing the plurality of second battery devices 130b between the plurality of first battery devices 120b, and the plurality of second battery devices 120b are disposed between the plurality of second battery devices 130b.
- the energy density of the battery pack 100b can be improved.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 하우징 상에 실장되고 서로 이격된 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들; 및상기 하우징 상에 실장되고, 상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 사이에 개재된 복수의 제2 배터리 장치들;을 포함하되상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각은 제1 양극 활물질을 포함하는 복수의 제1 배터리 셀들을 포함하고,상기 복수의 제2 배터리 장치들 각각은 상기 제1 양극 활물질과 다른 제2 양극 활물질을 포함하는 복수의 제2 배터리 셀들을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 양극 활물질은 니켈 및 망간을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2 양극 활물질은 철 및 인을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각의 면적은 상기 제2 배터리 장치들 각각의 면적과 다른 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각의 면적은 상기 제2 배터리 장치들 각각의 면적보다 작은 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각의 면적은 상기 제2 배터리 장치들 각각의 면적보다 큰 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각은 상기 복수의 제1 배터리 셀들 각각과 연결된 제1 양극 단자 및 제1 음극 단자를 포함하는 제1 버스 바 플레이트를 포함하고, 및상기 복수의 제2 배터리 장치들 각각은 상기 복수의 제1 배터리 셀들 각각과 연결된 제2 양극 단자 및 제2 음극 단자를 포함하는 제2 버스 바 플레이트를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각은 상기 복수의 제1 배터리 셀들 사이에 개재된 열적 분리기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 열적 분리기는 세라믹 물질, 코팅된 유리 섬유, 칼슘-실리케이트, 아라미드 및 팽창성 물질 중 어느 하나를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 열적 분리기는 냉각제가 유동하기 위한 채널을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 열적 분리기는 상기 복수의 제1 배터리 셀들 중 일부가 열폭주 상태에 있을 때, 화재 억제 물질(fire retarding material) 및 소화 약제(fire extinguishing agent) 중 어느 하나를 방출하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제2 배터리 장치들 각각은 상기 복수의 제2 배터리 셀들 사이에개재된 가압 패드를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 가압 패드의 열 전도율은 상기 열적 분리기의 열 전도율보다 높고; 및상기 가압 패드의 용융 온도는 상기 열적 분리기의 용융 온도보다 낮은 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제2 배터리 장치들 각각의 상기 복수의 제2 배터리 셀들 각각은 상기 복수의 제2 배터리 셀들 중 이웃한 것(Neighboring one)과 접하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복수의 제1 배터리 장치들 각각은 상기 복수의 제2 배터리 장치들 중 이웃한 것을 사이에 두고 서로 이격된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024569601A JP2025519146A (ja) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | バッテリーパック |
| EP23901031.7A EP4525149A4 (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | BATTERY PACK |
| US18/870,615 US20250329834A1 (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | Battery pack |
| CN202380044920.0A CN119318063A (zh) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | 电池组 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR20220168151 | 2022-12-05 | ||
| KR10-2022-0168151 | 2022-12-05 | ||
| KR10-2023-0024931 | 2023-02-24 | ||
| KR1020230024931A KR20240083782A (ko) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-02-24 | 배터리 팩 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024123012A1 true WO2024123012A1 (ko) | 2024-06-13 |
Family
ID=91379622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2023/019808 Ceased WO2024123012A1 (ko) | 2022-12-05 | 2023-12-04 | 배터리 팩 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250329834A1 (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP4525149A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2025519146A (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN119318063A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2024123012A1 (ko) |
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| KR20160011589A (ko) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-02-01 | 주식회사 이엠따블유에너지 | 실리콘 이차전지 유닛 및 이를 이용한 전기 자동차용 전지모듈 |
| KR20180003832A (ko) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-10 | 이창규 | 복수의 셀 영역들이 구비된 전기화학 에너지 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
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| KR20210108442A (ko) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-09-02 | 비와이디 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 전력 배터리 팩 및 차량 |
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| US11735788B2 (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2023-08-22 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Energy storage module including insulation spacers and an extinguisher sheet |
| CN114982011B (zh) * | 2020-12-24 | 2024-04-05 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 电池模组及其制造方法和设备、电池包及用电装置 |
| CN113036242B (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-24 | 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 | 电池模组和电池包 |
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2023
- 2023-12-04 EP EP23901031.7A patent/EP4525149A4/en active Pending
- 2023-12-04 WO PCT/KR2023/019808 patent/WO2024123012A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-04 CN CN202380044920.0A patent/CN119318063A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-04 JP JP2024569601A patent/JP2025519146A/ja active Pending
- 2023-12-04 US US18/870,615 patent/US20250329834A1/en active Pending
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| KR20180003832A (ko) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-01-10 | 이창규 | 복수의 셀 영역들이 구비된 전기화학 에너지 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
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| KR20210108442A (ko) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-09-02 | 비와이디 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 전력 배터리 팩 및 차량 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250329834A1 (en) | 2025-10-23 |
| JP2025519146A (ja) | 2025-06-24 |
| EP4525149A1 (en) | 2025-03-19 |
| EP4525149A4 (en) | 2025-08-13 |
| CN119318063A (zh) | 2025-01-14 |
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