WO2024124404A1 - 触控传感器及具有该触控传感器的触控传感装置和耳机 - Google Patents

触控传感器及具有该触控传感器的触控传感装置和耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024124404A1
WO2024124404A1 PCT/CN2022/138748 CN2022138748W WO2024124404A1 WO 2024124404 A1 WO2024124404 A1 WO 2024124404A1 CN 2022138748 W CN2022138748 W CN 2022138748W WO 2024124404 A1 WO2024124404 A1 WO 2024124404A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
touch sensor
elastic layer
touch
state
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/138748
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁永帅
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Shokz Co Ltd
Priority to EP22968117.6A priority Critical patent/EP4471555A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/138748 priority patent/WO2024124404A1/zh
Priority to CN202280090027.7A priority patent/CN118633074A/zh
Publication of WO2024124404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024124404A1/zh
Priority to US18/812,998 priority patent/US20240411395A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • G06F3/0354—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of two-dimensional [2D] relative movements between the device, or an operating part thereof, and a plane or surface, e.g. 2D mice, trackballs, pens or pucks
    • G06F3/03547—Touch pads, in which fingers can move on a surface
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    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H04R1/1075—Mountings of transducers in earphones or headphones
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    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04105—Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position
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    • G06F2203/04106—Multi-sensing digitiser, i.e. digitiser using at least two different sensing technologies simultaneously or alternatively, e.g. for detecting pen and finger, for saving power or for improving position detection
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    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
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    • G06F3/04164—Connections between sensors and controllers, e.g. routing lines between electrodes and connection pads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H03K2217/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K2217/9658—Safety, e.g. fail-safe switching requiring a sequence of movements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of sensors, and in particular to a touch sensor.
  • touch sensing is widely used in various electronic products, especially in wearable devices such as TWS headphones that have emerged recently.
  • existing touch sensors have many problems, such as being easily disturbed by sweat, impurities or human movements, and being not sensitive enough.
  • An embodiment of the present specification may provide a touch sensor, comprising: a substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is arranged on the substrate; and an elastic layer, arranged on the first electrode or the substrate, wherein the second electrode is arranged on the elastic layer, wherein when the elastic layer is in a natural state, the first electrode and the second electrode are not in contact, and the touch sensor is in an open circuit state; when a user applies pressure to the touch sensor, the elastic layer is deformed, the first electrode contacts the second electrode, and the touch sensor switches from the open circuit state to the open circuit state and generates an electrical signal.
  • the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is in the range of 50 nm-1 mm.
  • the thickness of the touch sensor is no greater than 1 mm.
  • projections of the first electrode and the second electrode have an overlapping area, and at least a portion of the overlapping area is not covered by the elastic layer.
  • the first electrode is an integral electrode.
  • the first electrode includes two or more sub-electrodes that are spaced apart from each other.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer in the natural state is in the range of 50 nm-1 mm, and the elastic coefficient of the elastic layer is in the range of 200 GPa-1 kPa.
  • the touch sensor further includes a protection layer for encapsulating the substrate, the first electrode, the second electrode and the elastic layer.
  • the embodiments of the present specification may also provide a touch sensing device, comprising: two or more touch sensors, each touch sensor being configured to switch from an open circuit state to an open circuit state and generate an electrical signal in response to pressure applied by a user;
  • each touch sensor comprises: a substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is disposed on the substrate; and
  • An elastic layer is arranged on the first electrode or the substrate, wherein the second electrode is arranged on the elastic layer, wherein when the elastic layer is in a natural state, the first electrode and the second electrode are not in contact, and the touch sensor is in the off-circuit state; when the user applies the pressure to the touch sensor, the elastic layer is deformed, the first electrode is in contact with the second electrode, and the touch sensor is switched from the off-circuit state to the on-circuit state and generates the electrical signal.
  • the touch gesture includes a tap gesture, a long press gesture, or a slide gesture.
  • the electrical signals corresponding to the two or more touch sensors include an electrical signal corresponding to each touch sensor
  • determining the touch gesture of the user based on the electrical signals corresponding to the two or more touch sensors includes: determining the sliding gesture and sliding direction of the user based on the position of each touch sensor and the signal time of the electrical signal corresponding to each touch sensor.
  • the electrical signals corresponding to the two or more touch sensors include a composite signal of the electrical signals corresponding to each touch sensor, and determining the touch gesture of the user based on the electrical signals corresponding to the two or more touch sensors includes: determining the sliding gesture and sliding direction of the user based on the amplitude of the composite signal.
  • the two or more touch sensors are arranged in parallel in a detection circuit, and each touch sensor corresponds to a detection sub-circuit, wherein the resistance value set in the detection sub-circuit corresponding to each touch sensor is different, or the conductivity of the first electrode and the second electrode corresponding to different detection sub-circuits is different, or different detection sub-circuits correspond to different power supply voltages.
  • An embodiment of the present specification may also provide an earphone, comprising: a speaker for generating a sound signal; at least one touch sensor; and a shell for carrying the speaker and the at least one touch sensor, wherein each touch sensor comprises: a substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode is arranged on the substrate; and an elastic layer, arranged on the first electrode or the substrate, wherein the second electrode is arranged on the elastic layer, wherein when the elastic layer is in a natural state, the first electrode and the second electrode are not in contact, and the touch sensor is in the off-circuit state; when the user applies the pressure to the touch sensor, the elastic layer is deformed, the first electrode contacts the second electrode, and the touch sensor switches from the off-circuit state to the on-circuit state and generates the electrical signal.
  • the shell includes a contact surface, and when the user wears the headset, the contact surface is used to contact the user's face, and at least a portion of the at least one touch sensor is arranged on the contact surface.
  • FIG1 is a structural block diagram of an exemplary touch sensor according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG2A is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary touch sensor in an off-circuit state according to some embodiments of this specification;
  • FIG2B is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary touch sensor in a connection state according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG3A is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary touch sensor in an off-circuit state according to other embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG3B is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary touch sensor in a connection state according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG4A is a schematic diagram of a structure of an exemplary touch sensor in an off-circuit state according to other embodiments of this specification;
  • FIG4B is a schematic diagram of a structure of an exemplary touch sensor in a connection state according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG5A is a schematic diagram of a structure of an exemplary touch sensor in an off-circuit state according to other embodiments of this specification;
  • FIG5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary touch sensor in a connection state according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG6A is a schematic diagram of a structure of an exemplary touch sensor in an off-circuit state according to other embodiments of this specification;
  • FIG6B is a schematic diagram of a structure of an exemplary touch sensor in a connection state according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG7A is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG7B is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to some other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG8A is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to some other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG8B is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to some other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG9 is a structural block diagram of an exemplary touch sensing device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG10A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary state of a touch sensing device when a sliding gesture slides to the right according to some embodiments of this specification;
  • FIG10B is a schematic diagram of an exemplary state of a touch sensing device when a sliding gesture slides to the left according to some embodiments of this specification;
  • FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary touch detection circuit of a touch sensing device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG11B is an electrical signal detected by the touch detection circuit in FIG11A ;
  • FIG12A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary touch detection circuit of a touch sensing device according to some embodiments of this specification.
  • FIG12B is an electrical signal detected based on the touch detection circuit in FIG12A ;
  • FIG. 13 is a structural block diagram of an exemplary headset according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • system means for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels.
  • device means for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels.
  • unit means for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions or assemblies at different levels.
  • the words can be replaced by other expressions.
  • connection can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can refer to the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • connection can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can refer to the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • a touch sensor which may include a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode and an elastic layer.
  • the first electrode may be disposed on the substrate.
  • the elastic layer may be disposed on the first electrode or the substrate, and the second electrode may be disposed on the elastic layer.
  • the touch sensor provided in the embodiment of this specification is provided with an elastic layer and cooperates with the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the touch sensor is in an open circuit state when not subjected to external pressure, and is in a connected state when subjected to external pressure. Further, according to the difference in signals generated when the touch sensor is in an open circuit state and in a connected state, it is determined whether the user applies pressure (for example, whether the user taps or long presses), and then the corresponding operation (for example, activating or closing the application) can be performed.
  • the touch sensor is not easily disturbed by human body capacitance, sweat, temperature, human body movement, etc., and has strong stability.
  • the sensitivity of the touch sensor can be adjusted to meet various sensitivity requirements.
  • the embodiments of the present specification also provide a touch sensing device, which includes two or more touch sensors, a power supply component and a processor.
  • a touch sensing device which includes two or more touch sensors, a power supply component and a processor.
  • An embodiment of the present specification also provides an earphone, which includes a speaker, at least one touch sensor and a shell.
  • the shell includes a contact surface, and when a user wears the earphone, the contact surface is used to contact the user's face, and at least a portion of the at least one touch sensor is arranged on the contact surface.
  • the current state of the earphone (for example, wearing or releasing state) is determined by contact or separation between the first electrode and the second electrode in the touch sensor, so as to further adjust the working state of one or more electronic components of the earphone (for example, Bluetooth module, battery, etc.) according to the current state of the earphone.
  • FIG1 is a block diagram of an exemplary touch sensor according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include a substrate 110 , a first electrode 120 , a second electrode 130 , and an elastic layer 140 .
  • the substrate 110 can be used as a mounting base to provide a support and mounting platform for other components of the touch sensor 100 (e.g., the first electrode 120, the second electrode 130, the elastic layer 140, etc.).
  • the substrate 110 can be a substrate layer in a touch sensor prepared based on a MEMS process, on which an electrode layer can be deposited for subsequent preparation.
  • the material of the substrate 110 can include, but is not limited to, thermoplastic polyurethane rubber (TPU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Ecoflex, resin, silicone polymer materials, etc.
  • the first electrode 120 may be disposed on the substrate 110.
  • the first electrode 120 may be directly attached to the substrate 110.
  • the first electrode 120 may be an electrode layer deposited on the substrate 110.
  • the elastic layer 140 may be disposed on the first electrode 120 or the substrate 110 (as shown in FIG. 2A or FIG. 5A).
  • the second electrode 130 may be disposed on the elastic layer 140.
  • the elastic layer 140 may support the second electrode 130 so that the second electrode 130 does not contact the first electrode 120 when the touch sensor 100 is not subjected to external pressure (i.e., the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state), so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state in the circuit (which may be referred to as the touch sensor 100 being in an open circuit state).
  • the natural state may refer to the state of the elastic layer 140 when the touch sensor 100 is not subjected to external pressure.
  • the pressure is transmitted to the elastic layer 140 through the second electrode 130, so that the elastic layer 140 is further deformed, resulting in the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 contacting, so that the touch sensor 100 switches from the disconnected state to the connected state in the circuit (which can be referred to as the touch sensor 100 is in the connected state) and generates an electrical signal.
  • the elastic layer 140 returns to the natural state, so that the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 are separated, and then the touch sensor 100 switches from the connected state to the disconnected state.
  • the touch sensor 100 can be used as a touch or tap button to activate or close an application.
  • the touch sensor 100 can be used as an electrical switch, so as to achieve the effect of no protrusion on the surface of the structure or a hidden switch.
  • the user's touch gesture can be determined by the signal change between two or more touch sensors 100. For more information on the determination of touch gestures, please refer to other places in this specification, such as the description of Figures 9, 10A-10B, 11A-11B and 12A-12B, which will not be repeated here.
  • the projections of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 in the direction of deformation of the elastic layer 140 have overlapping areas, and at least part of the overlapping areas are not covered by the elastic layer 140.
  • the projection areas of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 can be greater than, less than or equal to the projection area of the elastic layer 140, which is not limited in this specification.
  • the number of the elastic layer 140 can be one or more, and its number is not limited in this specification.
  • the first electrode 120 may be an integral electrode (as shown in FIG. 2A ) or include two or more spaced-apart sub-electrodes (as shown in FIG. 4A ).
  • the touch sensor 100 further includes an electrode lead to connect the touch sensor 100 to a touch detection circuit.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include two electrode leads respectively drawn from the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 , so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state when the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, and the touch sensor 100 is in a connected state when the elastic layer 140 is compressed.
  • the touch sensor 100 may respectively draw two or more electrode leads from at least two of the two or more sub-electrodes, or draw two electrode leads from at least one sub-electrode and the second electrode 130.
  • the second electrode 130 may electrically connect the two sub-electrodes when the elastic layer 140 is compressed, so that the two sub-electrodes are in a connected state, thereby generating an electrical signal.
  • the materials of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 may be the same or different.
  • the materials of the first electrode 120 and/or the second electrode 130 may be conductive materials such as metal, graphite, conductive cloth, conductive silver paste coating, metal plating, etc.
  • the material selection of the elastic layer 140 needs to ensure that the first electrode 120 and the second electrode are not in contact in the natural state, and can be easily deformed after being subjected to pressure, and can quickly return to the natural state after unloading the pressure.
  • the elastic layer 140 may include flexible materials such as foam, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyimide (PI), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), silicone, rubber, etc.
  • the elastic layer 140 when the elastic layer 140 is in the natural state, the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 is small enough, and the elastic layer 140 may also include a rigid material with relatively large stiffness.
  • the elastic layer 140 can adopt an appropriate structure to achieve elastic deformation.
  • the elastic layer 140 can be a spring structure supported between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130, or a suspended membrane structure, a reed structure, etc. that suspends the second electrode 130 opposite the first electrode 120.
  • the elastic layer 140 when the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 is small enough, the elastic layer 140 only needs a small deformation to make the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 contact each other, and the elastic coefficient of the material of the elastic layer 140 can be large, for example, close to the elastic coefficient of the rigid material.
  • the elastic layer 140 needs a large deformation to make the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 contact each other, and the elastic coefficient of the material of the elastic layer 140 can be small.
  • the elastic coefficient of the material of the elastic layer 140 can be negatively correlated with its thickness in a natural state.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 140 in a natural state can be in the range of 50nm-1mm, and the elastic coefficient of the elastic layer 140 can be in the range of 1kPa-200GPa.
  • the working principle of the touch sensor 100 is that when subjected to external pressure, the elastic layer 140 is deformed so that the first electrode 120 contacts the second electrode 130 to generate an electrical signal, the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 when the touch sensor 100 is not subjected to external pressure can affect the sensitivity of the touch sensor 100.
  • the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, the smaller the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130, the higher the sensitivity of the touch sensor 100 can be. Therefore, the sensitivity of the touch sensor 100 can be adjusted by setting the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 to meet the needs of different sensitivities.
  • the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 can be in the range of 50nm-1mm.
  • the touch sensor 100 since the touch sensor 100 has a simple structure, its size is mainly determined by the distance between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 when the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, so the size of the touch sensor 100 can be set to be smaller to meet the demand for device miniaturization. For example, along the deformation direction of the elastic layer 140, the thickness of the touch sensor 100 may be no greater than 1 mm.
  • the touch sensor 100 may further include a protective layer (not shown in the figure).
  • the protective layer may be used to encapsulate the substrate 110, the first electrode 120, the second electrode 130 and the elastic layer 140 to protect the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 and prevent the first electrode 120, the second electrode 130 and/or the elastic layer 140 from falling off, thereby further improving the stability and mechanical reliability of the touch sensor 100.
  • the protective layer may include a flexible insulating film, the material of which may include insulating resin materials such as polyimide (PI), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), silicone, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), etc.
  • the protective layer may also include rigid materials such as metal and silicon.
  • the touch sensor described in some embodiments of this specification uses external force on the elastic layer 140 to make the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 contact or separate, thereby switching the connection or disconnection state of the touch sensor 100. It has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and strong stability, which is conducive to commercial applications.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic structural diagrams of exemplary touch sensors in an open circuit state and an open circuit state, respectively, according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the first electrode 120 may be an integral electrode.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include only one elastic layer 140.
  • the elastic layer 140 may be disposed at any position (e.g., the center or edge position) on the first electrode 120.
  • the second electrode is disposed on the elastic layer 140.
  • the projected areas of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 may both be larger than the projected area of the elastic layer 140 to ensure that after the elastic layer 140 is compressed, there is a contact surface between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130.
  • the touch sensor 100 may also include an electrode lead (not shown) to connect the touch sensor 100 to the circuit, so that the electrical signal generated by the touch sensor 100 can be output.
  • the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively.
  • the elastic layer 140 When the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 are not in contact, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state, as shown in FIG2A.
  • the touch sensor 100 is subjected to external pressure (for example, the user taps the second electrode 130), the elastic layer 140 may be deformed and compressed.
  • the second electrode 130 can be in contact with the first electrode 120, so that the touch sensor 100 is in a connected state, as shown in FIG2B.
  • 3A and 3B are schematic structural diagrams of exemplary touch sensors in an open circuit state and an open circuit state, respectively, according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • the first electrode 120 may be an integral electrode.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include at least two elastic layers 140.
  • the at least two elastic layers 140 may be uniformly or non-uniformly arranged on the first electrode 120.
  • at least two elastic layers 140 may be arranged at equal intervals on the first electrode 120.
  • one elastic layer 140 may be arranged at the center of the first electrode 120, and the remaining elastic layers 140 may be arbitrarily arranged at the edge of the first electrode 120.
  • the second electrode is arranged on the elastic layer 140. In the deformation direction along the elastic layer 140, the projected areas of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 may be larger than the projected area of the elastic layer 140 to ensure that there is a contact surface between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 after the elastic layer 140 is compressed.
  • the touch sensor 100 may also include an electrode lead (not shown) to connect the touch sensor 100 to the circuit, so that the electrical signal generated by the touch sensor 100 can be output.
  • the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively.
  • the elastic layer 140 When the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 are not in contact, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state, as shown in FIG3A.
  • the touch sensor 100 is subjected to external pressure (for example, the user taps the second electrode 130), the elastic layer 140 may be deformed and compressed.
  • the second electrode 130 can be in contact with the first electrode 120, so that the touch sensor 100 is in a connected state, as shown in FIG3B.
  • 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of structures of exemplary touch sensors in an open circuit state and an open circuit state, respectively, according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • the first electrode 120 may include sub-electrodes 122 and sub-electrodes 124 that are spaced apart.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include two elastic layers 140. An elastic layer 140 may be disposed on each sub-electrode. Each elastic layer 140 may be connected to one end of the second electrode, respectively, so as to support the second electrode 130. In some embodiments, the touch sensor 100 may include only one elastic layer 140. The elastic layer 140 may be disposed between the sub-electrode 122 and the sub-electrode 124 and on the substrate 110 to support the second electrode 130.
  • the projected area of the second electrode 130 and the sub-electrode 122 and/or the sub-electrode 124 may be larger than the projected area of the elastic layer 140, so as to ensure that after the elastic layer 140 is compressed, there may be a contact surface between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130.
  • the touch sensor 100 may also include an electrode lead (not shown) to connect the touch sensor 100 to the circuit, so that the electrical signal generated by the touch sensor 100 can be output.
  • the sub-electrode 122 (or the sub-electrode 124) and the second electrode 130 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively.
  • the elastic layer 140 When the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state, and the two electrode leads cannot be conducted. When the elastic layer 140 is compressed, the touch sensor 100 is in a conductive state, and a conductive loop is formed between the two electrode leads.
  • the sub-electrode 122 and the sub-electrode 124 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively.
  • the elastic layer 140 When the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 are not in contact, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state, as shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the touch sensor 100 When the touch sensor 100 is subjected to external pressure (for example, the user taps the second electrode 130), the elastic layer 140 can be deformed and compressed.
  • the second electrode 130 can contact the first electrode 120, and the sub-electrode 122 and the sub-electrode 124 can be connected through the second electrode 130, so that the touch sensor 100 is in a conductive state, as shown in Figure 4B.
  • 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of structures of exemplary touch sensors in an open circuit state and an open circuit state, respectively, according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • the first electrode 120 may be an integral electrode.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include at least two elastic layers 140.
  • the at least two elastic layers 140 may be uniformly or non-uniformly disposed on the substrate 110.
  • at least two elastic layers 140 may be equally spaced on the substrate 110 and surround the first electrode 120.
  • the same or different numbers of elastic layers 140 may be disposed on the substrate region near both ends of the first electrode 120.
  • the projected area of the second electrode 130 may be larger than the projected area of the first electrode 120 to ensure that after the elastic layer 140 is compressed, there may be a contact surface between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130.
  • the touch sensor 100 may also include an electrode lead (not shown) to connect the touch sensor 100 to the circuit, so that the electrical signal generated by the touch sensor 100 can be output.
  • the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state when the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, and the touch sensor 100 is in a pass state when the elastic layer 140 is compressed.
  • the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 are not in contact, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state, as shown in FIG5A.
  • the touch sensor 100 is subjected to external pressure (for example, the user taps the second electrode 130), the elastic layer 140 can be deformed and compressed.
  • the second electrode 130 can contact the first electrode 120, so that the touch sensor 100 is in a connection state, as shown in Figure 5B.
  • the touch sensor described in some embodiments of the present specification can enhance the contact stability between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 when the touch sensor 100 is in the on state by setting the elastic layer 140 on the substrate 110, so that the touch sensor 100 is more sensitive and the service life of the touch sensor 100 can be extended.
  • 6A and 6B are schematic structural diagrams of exemplary touch sensors in an open circuit state and an open circuit state, respectively, according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • the first electrode 120 may include sub-electrodes 122 and sub-electrodes 124 that are spaced apart.
  • the touch sensor 100 may include two elastic layers 140. A through hole may be provided on each sub-electrode. Each elastic layer 140 may pass through a through hole on a sub-electrode and be provided on the substrate 110 to support the second electrode 130. In the deformation direction along the elastic layer 140, the projected area of the second electrode 130 may be larger than the projected area of the elastic layer 140, and the projected areas of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 have an overlapping area to ensure that after the elastic layer 140 is compressed, there may be a contact surface between the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130.
  • the touch sensor 100 may also include an electrode lead (not shown) to connect the touch sensor 100 to the circuit, so that the electrical signal generated by the touch sensor 100 can be output.
  • the sub-electrode 122 (or the sub-electrode 124) and the second electrode 130 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state when the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, and the touch sensor 100 is in a connected state when the elastic layer 140 is compressed.
  • the sub-electrode 122 and the sub-electrode 124 can be connected to an electrode lead respectively, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state when the elastic layer 140 is in a natural state, and the touch sensor 100 is in a connected state when the elastic layer 140 is compressed.
  • the elastic layer 140 is in the natural state, the second electrode 130 and the first electrode 120 are not in contact, so that the touch sensor 100 is in an open circuit state, as shown in FIG. 6A.
  • the touch sensor 100 is subjected to external pressure (for example, the user taps the second electrode 130), the elastic layer 140 may be deformed and compressed.
  • the second electrode 130 may contact the first electrode 120, so that the touch sensor 100 is in a connected state, as shown in FIG6B .
  • FIG. 7A is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG. 7B is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG. 8A is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG. 8B is a top view of an exemplary touch sensor according to other embodiments of the present specification.
  • the shape of the first electrode 120 and/or the second electrode 130 may be a regular shape such as a rectangle, annular, circular, square, or any other irregular shape.
  • the shapes of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 may both be circular.
  • the elastic layer 140 may be annular and disposed on the first electrode 120 to stably support the second electrode 130.
  • the shape of the first electrode 120 is circular, and the overall shape of the second electrode 130 is also circular.
  • the elastic layer 140 may be annular and disposed on the first electrode 120 and the substrate 110 at the same time to stably support the second electrode 130.
  • the shapes of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 may both be rectangular.
  • the elastic layer 140 may be a rectangular ring and disposed on the first electrode 120 to stably support the second electrode 130.
  • the shape of the first electrode 120 is rectangular, and the overall shape of the second electrode 130 is also rectangular.
  • the elastic layer 140 may be a rectangular ring and is disposed on both the first electrode 120 and the substrate 110 to stably support the second electrode 130 .
  • the first electrode 120 may be an integral electrode or a split electrode.
  • the first electrode 120 may be a circular integral electrode.
  • the first electrode 120 may be a split electrode that is circular in shape as a whole.
  • the first electrode 120 may be a rectangular integral electrode.
  • the first electrode 120 may be a split electrode that is rectangular in shape as a whole.
  • the touch sensor 100 described in some embodiments of this specification can improve the installation adaptability of the touch sensor 100 by configuring the touch sensor 100 (for example, the first electrode 120 and/or the second electrode 130) to have different shapes.
  • FIG9 is a block diagram of an exemplary touch sensing device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG10A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary touch sensing device when a sliding gesture is slid to the right according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • FIG10B is a schematic diagram of an exemplary touch sensing device when a sliding gesture is slid to the left according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the touch sensing device 900 may include two or more touch sensors 910 , a power supply component 920 , and a processor 930 .
  • Each touch sensor 910 can be arranged at a different position of the interface to be detected. Each touch sensor 910 can be used to switch from an open circuit state to a closed circuit state in response to pressure applied by a user and generate an electrical signal corresponding to the position of the touch sensor.
  • the touch sensor 910 may include a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an elastic layer.
  • the first electrode may be disposed on the substrate.
  • the elastic layer may be disposed on the first electrode or the substrate, and the second electrode may be disposed on the elastic layer.
  • the touch sensor 910 When the elastic layer is in a natural state, the first electrode and the second electrode are not in contact, and the touch sensor is in an open circuit state; when the user applies pressure to the touch sensor, the elastic layer is deformed and the first electrode contacts the second electrode, and the touch sensor switches from an open circuit state to a closed circuit state and generates an electrical signal.
  • the touch sensor 910 please refer to other places in this specification, for example, FIG. 1 and its description, which will not be repeated here.
  • the power supply component 920 can be used to supply power to the touch sensor 910 .
  • the processor 930 may be used to determine a touch gesture of the user based on electrical signals corresponding to two or more touch sensors 910.
  • the touch gesture may include a tap gesture, a long press gesture, a slide gesture, and the like.
  • the touch sensing device 900 may further include a signal collector (not shown) to collect signal changes in the touch detection circuit caused by the touch sensor being disconnected or connected.
  • the signal collector may include a voltmeter, an ammeter, a resistance meter, etc. or a combination thereof. In the embodiments of this specification, a voltmeter will be used as an example of a signal collector for description.
  • the touch sensors 910 in the touch sensing device 900 are distributed in different positions and the user's touch gestures are different, the touch sensors 910 in different positions can be placed in different states (disconnected state and connected state), thereby generating different (for example, different amplitudes, different times, etc.) detection signals (i.e., electrical signals).
  • the processor 930 can determine the user's touch gesture based on the position information of the touch sensor, the time information and/or amplitude information of the collected electrical signal. For example, the processor 930 can determine the user's touch gesture based on the position of each touch sensor 910 and the generation time of the corresponding electrical signal.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user is tapping the position corresponding to the touch sensor, that is, the touch gesture is a tapping gesture.
  • the signal collector detects that only one touch sensor generates an electrical signal (or the amplitude of the detected electrical signal corresponds to the amplitude of a touch sensor in a pass state) and its duration exceeds a preset time (for example, 0.5 seconds, 1 second, 2 seconds, etc.)
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user is long pressing the position corresponding to the touch sensor, that is, the touch gesture is a long press gesture.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user's touch gesture is a sliding gesture.
  • the touch sensors 910 at different positions can generate different (for example, different amplitudes, different times, etc.) detection signals (i.e., electrical signals).
  • each touch sensing unit 910 in the touch sensing device 900 may correspond to a signal collector.
  • the electrical signals corresponding to two or more touch sensors 910 may include the electrical signals corresponding to each touch sensor.
  • the touch sensing device 900 may include only one signal collector.
  • the electrical signals corresponding to the two or more touch sensors 910 may be a composite signal including the electrical signals corresponding to each touch sensor.
  • FIGS. 11A-11B and 12A-12B For more descriptions of the touch detection circuit, see FIGS. 11A-11B and 12A-12B and their descriptions.
  • the processor 930 can determine the sliding direction of the user's sliding gesture according to the change rule of the collected electrical signal over time. For example, as shown in FIG10A, the touch sensor A is set on the left side of the touch sensor B.
  • the touch gesture is a rightward sliding gesture
  • the user's finger can pass through the touch sensor A and the touch sensor B in the touch sensor device 900 in turn, causing the deformation of the elastic layer 140 in the touch sensor A and the touch sensor B in turn, thereby causing the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 of the touch sensor A and the touch sensor B to contact in turn, thereby causing the touch sensor A and the touch sensor B to switch from the disconnection state to the access state in turn, thereby generating respective corresponding electrical signals.
  • the touch sensor A generates an electrical signal first (or the generated electrical signal corresponds to the first amplitude), and the touch sensor B generates an electrical signal later (or the generated electrical signal corresponds to the second amplitude).
  • the touch sensor B when the touch gesture is a leftward sliding gesture, the user's finger can pass through the touch sensor B and the touch sensor A in the touch sensor device 900 in turn.
  • touch sensor B generates an electrical signal first (or the generated electrical signal corresponds to the second amplitude), and touch sensor A generates an electrical signal later (or the generated electrical signal corresponds to the first amplitude).
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user swipes to the left. Similarly, if the signal collector collects electrical signals from touch sensor A and touch sensor B successively, and the electrical signal generated by touch sensor B is earlier than the electrical signal generated by touch sensor A (or the amplitude of the generated electrical signal changes from the second amplitude to the first amplitude), the processor 930 can determine that the user swipes to the right.
  • Fig. 11A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary touch detection circuit of a touch sensing device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • Fig. 11B is an electrical signal detected by the touch detection circuit in Fig. 11A.
  • the touch detection circuit 1100 of the touch sensing device 900 may include a touch sensor KEY1, a touch sensor KEY2, a power supply VCC, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a voltmeter volProbe1, and a voltmeter volProbe2.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 may be arranged in parallel in the touch detection circuit 1100.
  • Each touch sensor may correspond to a detection sub-circuit.
  • At least one resistor may be arranged in each detection sub-circuit.
  • one end of the touch sensors KEY1 and KEY2 may be connected to the power supply VCC, and the other end of the touch sensors KEY1 and KEY2 may be connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2, respectively, and the other end of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 may be grounded GND.
  • the resistance values of the resistors set in each detection subcircuit can be the same or different.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 and the voltmeter volProbe2 can detect the voltage across the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 respectively. By detecting the voltage across the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 (i.e., the electrical signal of the touch sensing device 900), the state of the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 (e.g., the on state and the off state) can be determined, thereby determining the user's touch gesture.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and then quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY2 always remains in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY1 is located can detect a voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R1 increases) and then quickly returns to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 returns to the disconnected state), while the voltmeter volProbe2 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY2 is located cannot detect a voltage signal (i.e., the touch sensor KEY2 always remains in the disconnected state).
  • the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and then quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY1 always remains in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe2 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY2 is located can detect a voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R2 increases) and then quickly returns to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY2 returns to the open circuit state), while the voltmeter volProbe1 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY1 is located can never detect a voltage signal (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 always remains in the open circuit state).
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a tapping operation at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a tapping operation at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 when the user makes a long press gesture at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1, the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and after a period of time, it can be restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY2 can always remain in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY1 is located can detect a voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R1 increases) and maintains for a period of time and then returns to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 returns to the disconnected state), while the voltmeter volProbe2 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY2 is located can never detect a voltage signal (i.e., the touch sensor KEY2 can always remain in the disconnected state).
  • the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and after a period of time, it can be restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY1 can always remain in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe2 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY2 is located can detect a voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R2 increases) and maintain it for a period of time and then return to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY2 returns to the open circuit state), while the voltmeter volProbe1 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY1 is located can never detect a voltage signal (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 always remains in the open circuit state).
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a long press operation at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a long press operation at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 when the user slides from the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1 to the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2, the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state. Then, the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY1 is located can detect the voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R1 increases) and quickly restore to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 is restored to the disconnected state), and the voltmeter volProbe2 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY2 is located can also detect the voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R2 increases) and quickly restore to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY2 is restored to the disconnected state).
  • the time when the voltmeter volProbe1 detects the electrical signal is before the time when the voltmeter volProbe2 detects the electrical signal.
  • the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state. Then, the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe2 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY2 is located can detect the voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R2 increases) and quickly restore to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY2 is restored to the disconnected state), and the voltmeter volProbe1 of the detection subcircuit where the touch sensor KEY1 is located can also detect the voltage signal (i.e., the voltage across the resistor R1 increases) and quickly restore to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 is restored to the disconnected state).
  • the time when the voltmeter volProbe2 detects the electrical signal is before the time when the voltmeter volProbe1 detects the electrical signal.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a sliding gesture from the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1 to the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a sliding gesture from the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2 to the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1.
  • a resistor may not be provided in the detection sub-circuit of the touch detection circuit 1100.
  • each detection sub-circuit corresponds to a different resistance value.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 and the voltmeter volProbe2 can respectively detect the total voltage signal of each detection sub-circuit as the electrical signal of the touch sensing device 900 (i.e., the electrical signal corresponding to two or more touch sensors 910).
  • the touch sensing device described in some embodiments of the present specification adopts the touch sensing circuit 1100, so when a touch sensor and/or resistor in a certain detection sub-circuit is abnormal, it will not affect the state of the touch sensors in other detection sub-circuits, and its structure is more reliable.
  • the strength of the detection signal of the touch sensing device can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of each detection sub-circuit, so that the signal amplification circuit is not required, making the structure of the touch sensing device simpler, reducing the cost of the touch sensing device, and facilitating commercial applications.
  • Fig. 12A is a schematic diagram of an exemplary touch detection circuit of a touch sensing device according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • Fig. 12B is an electrical signal detected by the touch detection circuit in Fig. 12A.
  • the touch detection circuit 1200 of the touch sensing device 900 may include a touch sensor KEY1, a touch sensor KEY2, a power supply VCC1, a power supply VCC2, a resistor R4, and a voltmeter volProbe1.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 may be arranged in parallel in the touch detection circuit 1200. Each touch sensor may correspond to a detection sub-circuit.
  • one end of the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 are connected to the power supplies VCC1 and VCC2, respectively, and the other end of the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 are connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the other end of the resistor R4 may be grounded GND.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply VCC1 and the power supply VCC2 may be the same or different.
  • the total resistance of the detection sub-circuit corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 may be the same or different.
  • the power supply voltage of the power supply VCC1 is the same as that of the power supply VCC2
  • the total resistance of the detection sub-circuit corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 may be different.
  • the voltage across the resistor R4 may be different.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 may detect the voltage across the resistor R4. By detecting the voltage across the resistor R4 (i.e., the electrical signal of the touch sensing device 900), the state of the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 (e.g., on state and off state) may be determined, thereby determining the user's touch gesture.
  • the state of the touch sensor KEY1 and the touch sensor KEY2 e.g., on state and off state
  • the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and then quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY2 always remains in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 can detect a voltage signal with an amplitude of the first amplitude, and then the voltage signal quickly returns to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 returns to the disconnected state).
  • the first amplitude can correspond to the voltage value across the resistor R4 when the touch sensor KEY1 is in the connected state and the touch sensor KEY2 is in the disconnected state.
  • the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and then quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY1 always remains in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 can detect a voltage signal with an amplitude of the second amplitude, and then the voltage signal quickly returns to 0 (i.e., the touch sensor KEY1 returns to the disconnected state).
  • the second amplitude may correspond to the voltage value across resistor R4 when touch sensor KEY2 is in a connected state and touch sensor KEY1 is in an open state.
  • processor 930 may determine that the user has performed a tapping operation at the position corresponding to touch sensor KEY1.
  • processor 930 may determine that the user has performed a tapping operation at the position corresponding to touch sensor KEY2.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 when the user makes a long press gesture at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1, the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and after a period of time, it can be restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY2 can always remain in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 can detect a voltage signal whose amplitude is equal to the first amplitude and the duration of the signal being maintained exceeds the duration threshold (for example, 0.5 seconds, 1 second, 2 seconds, etc.).
  • the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and after a period of time, it can be restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, and the touch sensor KEY1 can always remain in the disconnected state.
  • the voltmeter volProbe1 can detect a voltage signal whose amplitude is equal to the second amplitude and the duration of the signal being maintained exceeds the duration threshold. Therefore, when the amplitude of the collected electrical signal is equal to the first amplitude and the duration of the electrical signal being maintained exceeds the duration threshold, the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a long press operation at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1. When the amplitude of the collected electrical signal is equal to the second amplitude and the duration of the electrical signal exceeds the duration threshold, the processor 930 may determine that the user has performed a long press operation at the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2.
  • the touch sensor KEY1 when the user slides from the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1 to the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2, the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, then the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state.
  • the amplitude of the electrical signal detected by the voltmeter volProbe1 changes rapidly (for example, within the range of 50ms, 100ms, 500ms, etc.) from the first amplitude to the second amplitude.
  • the touch sensor KEY2 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state, then the touch sensor KEY1 can be switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and quickly restored from the connected state to the disconnected state.
  • the amplitude of the electrical signal detected by the voltmeter volProbe1 changes rapidly from the second amplitude to the first amplitude.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a sliding gesture from the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1 to the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2.
  • the processor 930 can determine that the user has performed a sliding gesture from the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY2 to the position corresponding to the touch sensor KEY1.
  • the touch sensing device described in some embodiments of this specification can effectively save detection and computing resources and reduce the cost of the touch sensing device by adopting the touch sensing circuit 1200, which is conducive to commercial application.
  • Fig. 13 is a block diagram of an exemplary headset according to some embodiments of the present specification.
  • the headset 1300 may include a speaker 1310 , a touch sensor 1320 , and a housing 1330 .
  • the speaker 1310 may be used to generate sound signals.
  • the touch sensor 1320 can be used to switch from an open circuit state to a closed circuit state and generate a corresponding electrical signal in response to pressure applied by a user.
  • the touch sensor 1320 may include a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an elastic layer.
  • the first electrode may be disposed on the substrate.
  • the elastic layer may be disposed on the first electrode or the substrate, and the second electrode may be disposed on the elastic layer.
  • the elastic layer is in a natural state, the first electrode and the second electrode are not in contact, and the touch sensor is in an open circuit state; when the user applies pressure to the touch sensor, the elastic layer is deformed and the first electrode contacts the second electrode, and the touch sensor switches from an open circuit state to a closed circuit state and generates an electrical signal.
  • the touch sensor 910 please refer to other places in this specification, for example, FIG. 1 and its description, which will not be repeated here.
  • the housing 1330 may be used to support the speaker 1310 and the touch sensor 1320 .
  • the housing 1330 may include a contact surface.
  • the contact surface is used to contact the user's face, and at least a portion of the touch sensor 1320 is disposed on the contact surface.
  • the pressure of the contact surface may cause the elastic layer in the touch sensor 1320 to deform, thereby causing its first electrode to contact the second electrode, generating an electrical signal.
  • the processor (not shown) may determine that the user has completed wearing according to the electrical signal. Further, the processor may control one or more electronic components (e.g., Bluetooth module, battery, etc.) of the headset 1300 to enter a working state. For example, the processor may control the headset 1300 to turn on and play music.
  • the processor may determine that the user has released the wearing in response to the disconnected state of the touch sensor 1320. Further, the processor may control one or more electronic components (e.g., Bluetooth module, battery, etc.) of the headset 1300 to enter a standby state.
  • the processor may control one or more electronic components (e.g., Bluetooth module, battery, etc.) of the headset 1300 to enter a standby state.
  • the earphones (e.g., TWS earphones) described in some embodiments of this specification can be used to detect whether the earphones are being worn or not by disposing at least a portion of the touch sensor 1320 on one or more contact surfaces between the earphones 1300 and the human body.
  • the beneficial effects that may be brought about by the touch sensor, touch sensing device, and earphone described in some embodiments of this specification include but are not limited to: (1)
  • the touch sensor has a simple structure and strong anti-interference ability, and can achieve the effect of a digital circuit in an analog circuit; (2)
  • the sensitivity of the touch sensor can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode when the elastic layer is in a natural state, and the adjustment is simple and convenient; (3) High-sensitivity sensing is achieved by reducing the distance between the first electrode and the second electrode when the elastic layer in the touch sensor is in a natural state;
  • the installation adaptability of the touch sensor 100 is improved by setting the touch sensor to different shapes; (5)
  • the touch sensor can be easily attached to the target surface and has strong scalability; (6)
  • the touch sensor has extremely low cost and is conducive to commercial application; (7)
  • the touch sensor can also be used as an electrical switch, thereby achieving the effect of no protrusion on the structural surface or a hidden switch.

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  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种触控传感器。该触控传感器包括基底；第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在基底上；以及弹性层，设置在第一电极或基底上，其中，第二电极设置在弹性层上，其中当弹性层在自然状态时，第一电极和第二电极不接触，触控传感器处于断路状态；当用户向触控传感器施加压力时，弹性层发生形变，第一电极与第二电极接触，触控传感器由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号。

Description

触控传感器及具有该触控传感器的触控传感装置和耳机 技术领域
本说明书涉及传感器领域，特别涉及一种触控传感器。
背景技术
触控传感作为重要的人机交互方式被广泛应用于各种电子产品中，尤其是近期兴起的TWS耳机等可穿戴设备中。但是，现有的触控传感器存在许多问题，例如，容易受到汗水、杂质或人体动作干扰、不够灵敏等。
因此，有必要设计一种灵敏度性能满足需求，且不易受到汗水、杂质、人体动作等因素干扰的触控传感器。
发明内容
本说明书实施例可以提供一种触控传感器，包括：基底；第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在所述基底上；以及弹性层，设置在所述第一电极或所述基底上，其中，所述第二电极设置在所述弹性层上，其中当所述弹性层在自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极不接触，所述触控传感器处于断路状态；当用户向所述触控传感器施加压力时，所述弹性层发生形变，所述第一电极与所述第二电极接触，所述触控传感器由所述断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号。
在一些实施例中，当所述弹性层在所述自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的距离在50nm-1mm范围内。
在一些实施例中，在沿着所述弹性层的形变方向上，所述触控传感器的厚度不大于1mm。
在一些实施例中，在沿着所述弹性层的形变方向上，所述第一电极和所述第二电极的投影具有重叠区域且至少部分重叠区域未被所述弹性层覆盖。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电极为一整体电极。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电极包括两个或以上间隔分布的子电极。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性层的在所述自然状态下的厚度在50nm-1mm范围，所述弹性层的弹性系数在200GPa-1kPa范围。
在一些实施例中，触控传感器还包括保护层，用于封装基底、所述第一电极、所述第二电极和所述弹性层。
本说明书实施例还可以提供一种触控传感装置，包括：两个或以上触控传感器，每个触控传感器用于响应于用户施加压力而由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号；
电源组件，用于向所述两个或以上触控传感器供电；以及处理器，用于基于所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的电信号，确定所述用户的触控手势，其中，每个触控传感器包括：基底；第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在所述基底上；以及
弹性层，设置在所述第一电极或所述基底上，其中，所述第二电极设置在所述弹性层上，其中当所述弹性层在自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极不接触，所述触控传感器处于所述断路状态；当所述用户向所述触控传感器施加所述压力时，所述弹性层发生形变，所述第一电极与所述第二电极接触，所述触控传感器由所述断路状态切换至所述通路状态并产生所述电信号。
在一些实施例中，所述触控手势包括敲击手势、长按手势或滑动手势。
在一些实施例中，所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的所述电信号包括每个触控传感器对应的电信号，所述基于所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的电信号，确定所述用户的触控手势，包括：基于每个触控传感器的位置和每个触控传感器对应的电信号的信号时间，确定所述用户的所述滑动手势和滑动方向。
在一些实施例中，所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的所述电信号包括每个触控传感器分别对应的电信号的复合信号，所述基于所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的电信号，确定所述用户的触控手势，包括：基于所述复合信号的幅值，确定所述用户的所述滑动手势和滑动方向。
在一些实施例中，所述两个或以上触控传感器并联设置在检测电路中，每个触控传感器对应一个检测分电路，其中，每个触控传感器对应的检测分电路中的设置的电阻阻值不同，或不同检测分电路对应的第一电极和第二电极的导电性不同，或不同检测分电路对应不同的电源电压。
本说明书实施例还可以提供一种耳机，包括：扬声器，用于产生声音信号；至少一个触控 传感器；以及壳体，用于承载所述扬声器和所述至少一个触控传感器，其中每个触控传感器包括：基底；第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在所述基底上；以及弹性层，设置在所述第一电极或所述基底上，其中，所述第二电极设置在所述弹性层上，其中当所述弹性层在自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极不接触，所述触控传感器处于所述断路状态；当所述用户向所述触控传感器施加所述压力时，所述弹性层发生形变，所述第一电极与所述第二电极接触，所述触控传感器由所述断路状态切换至所述通路状态并产生所述电信号。
在一些实施例中，所述壳体包括接触面，当所述用户佩戴所述耳机时，所述接触面用于与所述用户脸部接触，所述至少一个触控传感器的至少一部分设置在所述接触面上。
附图说明
本说明书将以示例性实施例的方式进一步说明，这些示例性实施例将通过附图进行详细描述。这些实施例并非限制性的，在这些实施例中，相同的编号表示相同的结构，其中：
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的结构框图；
图2A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于断路状态时的结构示意图；
图2B是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于通路状态时的结构示意图；
图3A是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于断路状态时的结构示意图；
图3B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于通路状态时的结构示意图；
图4A是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于断路状态时的结构示意图；
图4B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于通路状态时的结构示意图；
图5A是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于断路状态时的结构示意图；
图5B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于通路状态时的结构示意图；
图6A是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于断路状态时的结构示意图；
图6B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器处于通路状态时的结构示意图；
图7A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图；
图7B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图；
图8A是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图；
图8B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图；
图9是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感装置的结构框图；
图10A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的滑动手势向右滑动时的示例性触控传感装置的状态示意图；
图10B是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的滑动手势向左滑动时的示例性触控传感装置的状态示意图；
图11A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的触控传感装置的示例性触控检测电路示意图；
图11B是基于图11A中触控检测电路检测到的电信号；
图12A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的触控传感装置的示例性触控检测电路示意图；
图12B是基于图12A中触控检测电路检测到的电信号；
图13是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性耳机的结构框图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些示例或实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图将本申请应用于其它类似情 景。除非从语言环境中显而易见或另做说明，图中相同标号代表相同结构或操作。
应当理解，本文使用的“系统”、“装置”、“单元”和/或“模块”是用于区分不同级别的不同组件、元件、部件、部分或装配的一种方法。然而，如果其他词语可实现相同的目的，则可通过其他表达来替换词语。
如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。术语“基于”是“至少部分地基于”。术语“一个实施例”表示“至少一个实施例”；术语“另一实施例”表示“至少一个另外的实施例”。
在本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本说明书的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个、三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本说明书中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解。例如，术语“连接”可以指固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本说明书中的具体含义。
本说明书的实施例提供一种触控传感器可以包括基底、第一电极、第二电极和弹性层。第一电极可以设置在基底上。弹性层可以设置在第一电极或基底上，第二电极设置在弹性层上。当弹性层在自然状态时，第一电极第二电极不接触，该触控传感器处于断路状态；当用户向所述触控传感器施加压力时，弹性层发生形变第一电极与第二电极接触，该触控传感器由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号。
本说明书实施例提供的触控传感器，通过设置弹性层并与第一电极和第二电极配合，使得触控传感器在未受外界压力时处于断路状态，在受外界压力时处于通路状态。进一步，根据触控传感器处于断路状态与处于通路状态产生的信号差异，判断用户是否施加压力(例如，用户是否敲击或长按)，进而可以执行相应的操作(例如，激活或关闭应用程序)。该触控传感器不易受人体电容、汗水、温度、人体动作等干扰，稳定性强。此外，通过调节弹性层自然状态时，第一电极与第二电极之间的距离，可以调节触控传感器的灵敏度，以满足各种灵敏度需求。
本说明书的实施例还提供的一种触控传感装置，其包括两个或以上触控传感器、电源组件和处理器。通过将上述两个或多个触控传感器进行组合，并根据各个触控传感器的传感信号之间的变化规律，可以准确确定用户的触控手势。触控传感器的结构简单，可以提高触控传感装置的稳定性且使其不易受人体电容、汗水、温度、人体动作等干扰。
本说明书的实施例还提供的一种耳机，其包括扬声器、至少一个触控传感器和壳体。壳体包括接触面，当用户佩戴耳机时，所述接触面用于与所述用户脸部接触，所述至少一个触控传感器的至少一部分设置在所述接触面上。通过触控传感器中第一电极和第二电极间的接触或分离，进而确定耳机的当前状态(例如，佩戴或解除状态)，从而进一步根据耳机的当前状态调整耳机的一个或多个电子组件(例如，蓝牙模块、电池等)的工作状态。
下面结合附图对本说明书实施例提供的触控传感器、触控传感装置、耳机进行详细说明。
图1是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的结构框图。如图1所示，触控传感器100可以包括基底110、第一电极120、第二电极130和弹性层140。
基底110可以作为安装基座为触控传感器100的其他零部件(例如，第一电极120、第二电极130、弹性层140等)提供支撑安装平台。在一些实施例中，基底110可以是基于MEMS工艺制备的触控传感器中的衬底层，可在其上沉积电极层用于后续的制备。在一些实施例中，基底110的材质可以包括但不限于热塑性聚氨酯橡胶(TPU)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)、Ecoflex、树脂、硅胶类高分子材料等。
第一电极120可以设置在基底110上。例如，第一电极120可以直接贴附在基底110上。又例如，第一电极120可以是沉积在基底110上的电极层。弹性层140可以设置在第一电极120或基底110上(如图2A或图5A所示)。第二电极130可以设置在弹性层140上。弹性层140可以支撑第二电极130使得触控传感器100在未受到外界压力(即弹性层140处于自然状态)时第二电极 130与第一电极120不接触，使触控传感器100在电路中处于断路状态(可以简称为触控传感器100处于断路状态)。在本说明书实施例中，自然状态可以指触控传感器100未受外界压力作用时，弹性层140所处的状态。当用户向触控传感器100施加压力时，该压力通过第二电极130传导到弹性层140，使得弹性层140进一步发生形变，导致第二电极130和第一电极120接触，使得触控传感器100在电路中由断路状态切换至通路状态(可以简称为触控传感器100处于通路状态)并产生电信号。当用户施加的压力撤去时，弹性层140恢复至自然状态，从而使得第二电极130和第一电极120分离，进而使得触控传感器100由通路状态切换至断路状态。因此，可以根据触控传感器100在电路中的通路状态与断路状态产生的电信号之间的差异，判断用户是否施加压力(例如，用户是否敲击或长按)，进而可以执行相应的操作。例如，触控传感器100可以作为触摸或敲击按键使用，用于激活或关闭应用程序。又例如，触控传感器100可以作为电器开关使用，从而实现结构表面无凸起，或者隐藏开关的效果。进一步地，通过两个或多个触控传感器100之间的信号变化，可以判断用户的触控手势。更多关于触控手势的判断可以参见本说明其他地方，例如，图9、图10A-10B、图11A-11B及图12A-12B的描述，此处不再赘述。
需要知道的是，为了使弹性层140被外界压力压缩后，第一电极120与第二电极130之间可以接触，第一电极120与第二电极130在沿着弹性层140形变的方向上的投影具有重叠的区域且至少部分重叠的区域未被弹性层140覆盖。此外，在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上，第一电极120和第二电极130的投影面积可以均大于、小于或等于弹性层140的投影面积，在本说明书中不作限制。弹性层140的数量可以是一个或多个，其数量在本说明书中也不做限制。
在一些实施例中，第一电极120可以是一整体电极(如图2A所示)或包括两个或以上间隔分布的子电极(如图4A所示)。在一些实施例中，触控传感器100还包括电极引线，以将触控传感器100连接到触控检测电路中。当第一电极120为整体电极时，触控传感器100可以包括分别从第一电极120和第二电极130引出的两条电极引线，以使弹性层140处于自然状态时触控传感器100处于断路状态，且使得弹性层140被压缩时触控传感器100处于通路状态。在一些实施例中，当第一电极120包括两个或以上间隔分布的子电极时，触控传感器100可以分别从两个或以上子电极中的至少两个子电极引出两条或以上的电极引线，或者从至少一个子电极和第二电极130引出两条电极引线。在两个子电极分别引出电极引线的情况下，弹性层140被压缩时第二电极130可以电导通两个子电极，使得两个子电极之间处于通路状态，从而产生电信号。
在一些实施例中，第一电极120与第二电极130的材料可以相同或不同。在一些实施例中，第一电极120和/或第二电极130的材料可以是金属、石墨、导电布、导电银浆涂层、金属镀层等导电材料。弹性层140的材料选择需要保证自然状态时支撑第一电极120和第二电极不接触，受到压力后能比较容易发生变形，卸载压力后又能快速恢复至自然状态。在一些实施例中，弹性层140可以包括泡棉、聚二甲基硅氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane，PDMS)、聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)、热塑性聚氨酯橡胶(thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer，TPU)、硅胶、橡胶等柔性材料。在一些实施例中，在弹性层140处于自然状态时，第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离足够小的情况下，弹性层140也可以包括刚度相对较大的刚性材料。在一些实施例中，弹性层140可以采用适当的结构以实现弹性形变，例如，弹性层140可以是支撑在第一电极120和第二电极130之间的弹簧结构，或者将第二电极130悬挂在第一电极120对面的悬膜结构、簧片结构等。
需要知道的是，当第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离足够小时，此时弹性层140只需要较小形变即可使第一电极120和第二电极130接触，此时弹性层140的材料的弹性系数可以较大，例如，接近刚性材料的弹性系数。当第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离较大时，此时弹性层140需要较大形变才可使第一电极120和第二电极130接触，此时弹性层140的材料的弹性系数可以较小。在一些实施例中，弹性层140的材料的弹性系数与其处于自然状态下的厚度可以呈负相关。弹性层140厚度越大，此时，两个电极(即第一电极120和第二电极130)之间的距离越大，弹性层的弹性系数可以越小，以在较小外力下将第二电极130与第一电极120接触。在一些实施例中，弹性层140在自然状态下的厚度可以在50nm-1mm范围，弹性层140的弹性系数可以在1kPa-200GPa范围。
由于触控传感器100的工作原理是在受外界压力时，弹性层140发生形变使第一电极120与第二电极130接触而产生电信号，因此，触控传感器100未受外界压力时第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离可以影响触控传感器100的灵敏度。弹性层140处于自然状态时，第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离越小，触控传感器100的灵敏度可以越高。因此，可以通过设置第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离来调节触控传感器100的灵敏度，以满足不同灵敏度的需求。在 一些实施例中，当弹性层140处于自然状态时，第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离可以在50nm-1mm的范围内。
在一些实施例中，由于触控传感器100结构简单，其尺寸主要由弹性层140处于自然状态时第一电极120和第二电极130之间的距离决定，因此可以使触控传感器100的尺寸设置得较小，以满足器件小型化的需求。例如，在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上，触控传感器100的厚度可以不大于1mm。
在一些实施例中，触控传感器100还可以包括保护层(图中未示出)。保护层可以用于封装基底110、第一电极120、第二电极130和弹性层140，以保护第一电极120和第二电极130，避免第一电极120、第二电极130和/或弹性层140脱落，从而进一步提高触控传感器100的稳定性和机械可靠性。在一些实施例中，保护层可以包括柔性绝缘薄膜，其材料可以包括聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)、热塑性聚氨酯橡胶(thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer，TPU)、硅胶、聚氯乙烯(Polyvinyl chloride，PVC)等绝缘树脂材料。在一些实施例中，该保护层也可以包括金属、硅等刚性材料。
本说明书一些实施例所述的触控传感器，通过外力对弹性层140的作用，从而使得第一电极120和第二电极130接触或分离，进而切换触控传感器100的通路或断路状态，其结构简单、制作成本低、稳定性强，有利于商业化应用。
图2A和图2B是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器分别处于断路状态和通路状态时的结构示意图。
如图2A和2B所示，第一电极120可以为一整体电极。触控传感器100可以只包括一个弹性层140。弹性层140可以设置于第一电极120上的任意位置(例如，中心或边缘位置)。第二电极设于弹性层140上。在沿着弹性层140的形变方向(即图2A中的ZZ’方向)上，第一电极120和第二电极130的投影面积可以均大于弹性层140的投影面积，以保证弹性层140被压缩后，第一电极120和第二电极130之间可以有接触面。
进一步地，触控传感器100还可以包括电极引线(未示出)，以使触控传感器100接入电路，从而可以输出触控传感器100产生的电信号。具体地，第一电极120和第二电极130可以分别连接一根电极引线。当弹性层140处于自然状态时，第二电极130和第一电极120未接触，使得触控传感器100处于断路状态，如图2A所示。当触控传感器100受到外界压力(例如，用户敲击第二电极130)时，弹性层140可以发生形变并被压缩。此时，由于在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上第一电极120和第二电极130的投影具有重叠的区域且至少部分重叠的区域未被弹性层140覆盖，因此第二电极130可以与第一电极120相接触，使得触控传感器100处于通路状态，如图2B所示。
图3A和图3B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器分别处于断路状态和通路状态时的结构示意图。
如图3A和3B所示，第一电极120可以为一整体电极。触控传感器100可以包括至少两个弹性层140。至少两个弹性层140可以均匀或非均匀设置于第一电极120上。例如，至少两个弹性层140可以等间距设置在第一电极120上。又例如，一个弹性层140可以设置在第一电极120中心位置，其余弹性层140可以任意设置在第一电极120的边缘位置。第二电极设于弹性层140上。在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上，第一电极120和第二电极130的投影面积可以均大于弹性层140的投影面积，以保证弹性层140被压缩后，第一电极120和第二电极130之间可以有接触面。
进一步地，触控传感器100还可以包括电极引线(未示出)，以使触控传感器100接入电路，从而可以输出触控传感器100产生的电信号。具体地，第一电极120和第二电极130可以分别连接一根电极引线。当弹性层140处于自然状态时，第二电极130和第一电极120未接触，使得触控传感器100处于断路状态，如图3A所示。当触控传感器100受到外界压力(例如，用户敲击第二电极130)时，弹性层140可以发生形变并被压缩。此时，由于在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上第一电极120和第二电极130的投影具有重叠的区域且至少部分重叠的区域未被弹性层140覆盖，因此第二电极130可以与第一电极120相接触，使得触控传感器100处于通路状态，如图3B所示。
图4A和图4B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器分别处于断路状态和通路状态时的结构示意图。
如图4A和图4B所示，第一电极120可以包括间隔分布的子电极122和子电极124。触控传感器100可以包括两个弹性层140。每个子电极上可以设置一个弹性层140。每个弹性层140可以分别连接第二电极的一端，从而支撑第二电极130。在一些实施例中，触控传感器100可以只包括一个弹性层140。该弹性层140可以设置在子电极122和子电极124之间并设置在基底110上，以支撑第二电极130。在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上，第二电极130与子电极122和/或子电极124 的投影面积可以均大于弹性层140的投影面积，以保证弹性层140被压缩后，第一电极120和第二电极130之间可以有接触面。
进一步地，触控传感器100还可以包括电极引线(未示出)，以使触控传感器100接入电路，从而可以输出触控传感器100产生的电信号。具体地，在一些实施例中，子电极122(或子电极124)和第二电极130可以分别连接一根电极引线。弹性层140处于自然状态时触控传感器100处于断路状态，两根电极引线之间无法导通。弹性层140被压缩时触控传感器100处于通路状态，两根电极引线之间形成导通回路。在一些实施例中，子电极122和子电极124可以分别连接一根电极引线。当弹性层140处于自然状态时，第二电极130和第一电极120未接触，使得触控传感器100处于断路状态，如图4A所示。当触控传感器100受到外界压力(例如，用户敲击第二电极130)时，弹性层140可以发生形变并被压缩。此时，由于在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上第一电极120和第二电极130的投影具有重叠的区域且至少部分重叠的区域未被弹性层140覆盖，因此第二电极130可以与第一电极120相接触，子电极122和子电极124之间可以通过第二电极130导通，使得触控传感器100处于通路状态，如图4B所示。
图5A和图5B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器分别处于断路状态和通路状态时的结构示意图。
如图5A和图5B所示，第一电极120可以为一整体电极。触控传感器100可以包括至少两个弹性层140。在一些实施例中，至少两个弹性层140可以均匀或非均匀设置于基底110上。例如，至少两个弹性层140可以等间距设置在基底110上并包围第一电极120。又例如，第一电极120两端附近的基底区域上可以设置有相同或不同数量的弹性层140。在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上，第二电极130的投影面积可以大于第一电极120的投影面积，以保证弹性层140被压缩后，第一电极120和第二电极130之间可以有接触面。
进一步地，触控传感器100还可以包括电极引线(未示出)，以使触控传感器100接入电路，从而可以输出触控传感器100产生的电信号。具体地，第一电极120和第二电极130可以分别连接一根电极引线，以使弹性层140处于自然状态时触控传感器100处于断路状态，且使得弹性层140被压缩时触控传感器100处于通路状态。当弹性层140处于自然状态时，第二电极130和第一电极120未接触，使得触控传感器100处于断路状态，如图5A所示。当触控传感器100受到外界压力(例如，用户敲击第二电极130)时，弹性层140可以发生形变并被压缩。此时，由于在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上第一电极120的投影能够完全覆盖第二电极130的投影，且接触面之间不存在弹性层140，因此，第二电极130可以与第一电极120相接触，使得触控传感器100处于通路状态，如图5B所示。
本说明书一些实施例所述的触控传感器，通过将弹性层140设置在基底110上，可以增强触控传感器100在通路状态时第一电极120和第二电极130之间的接触稳定性，使得触控传感器100更加灵敏，同时可以延长触控传感器100的使用寿命。
图6A和图6B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器分别处于断路状态和通路状态时的结构示意图。
如图6A和图6B所示，第一电极120可以包括间隔分布的子电极122和子电极124。触控传感器100可以包括两个弹性层140。每个子电极上可以设置有通孔。每个弹性层140可以穿过一个子电极上的通孔并设置在基底110，以支撑第二电极130。在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上，第二电极130的投影面积可以大于弹性层140的投影面积，且第一电极120与第二电极130的投影面积具有重叠区域，以保证弹性层140被压缩后，第一电极120和第二电极130之间可以有接触面。
进一步地，触控传感器100还可以包括电极引线(未示出)，以使触控传感器100接入电路，从而可以输出触控传感器100产生的电信号。具体地，在一些实施例中，子电极122(或子电极124)和第二电极130可以分别连接一根电极引线，以使弹性层140处于自然状态时触控传感器100处于断路状态，且使得弹性层140被压缩时触控传感器100处于通路状态。在一些实施例中，子电极122和子电极124可以分别连接一根电极引线，以使弹性层140处于自然状态时触控传感器100处于断路状态，且使得弹性层140被压缩时触控传感器100处于通路状态。当弹性层140处于自然状态时，第二电极130和第一电极120未接触，使得触控传感器100处于断路状态，如图6A所示。当触控传感器100受到外界压力(例如，用户敲击第二电极130)时，弹性层140可以发生形变并被压缩。此时，由于在沿着弹性层140的形变方向上第一电极120和第二电极130的投影具有重叠的区域且至少部分重叠的区域未被弹性层140覆盖，因此第二电极130可以与第一电极120相接触，使得触控传感器100处于通路状态，如图6B所示。
图7A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图。图7B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图。图8A是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图。图8B是根据本说明书另一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感器的俯视图。
在一些实施例中，第一电极120和/或第二电极130的形状可以是矩形、环形、圆形、方框等规则形状或其他任何不规则形状。例如，如图7A所示，第一电极120和第二电极130的形状可以均为圆形。弹性层140可以为圆环状并设置在第一电极120上，以稳定支撑第二电极130。又例如，如图7B所示，第一电极120的形状为圆形，第二电极130的整体形状也为圆形。弹性层140可以为圆环状并同时设置在第一电极120和基底110上，以稳定支撑第二电极130。又例如，如图8A所示，第一电极120和第二电极130的形状可以均为矩形。弹性层140可以为矩形环并设置在第一电极120上，以稳定支撑第二电极130。再例如，如图8B所示，第一电极120的形状为矩形，第二电极130的整体形状也为矩形。弹性层140可以为矩形环并同时设置在第一电极120和基底110上，以稳定支撑第二电极130。
在一些实施例中，第一电极120可以是整体电极或分体电极。例如，如图7A所示，第一电极120可以是圆形的整体电极。又例如，如图7B所示，第一电极120可以是整体呈圆形的分体电极。又例如，如图8A所示，第一电极120可以是矩形的整体电极。再例如，如图8B所示，第一电极120可以是整体呈矩形的分体电极。
本说明书一些实施例所述的触控传感器100，通过将触控传感器100(例如，第一电极120和/或第二电极130)设置为不同的形状，可以提高触控传感器100的安装适应性。
图9是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性触控传感装置的结构框图。图10A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的滑动手势向右滑动时的示例性触控传感装置的状态示意图。图10B是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的滑动手势向左滑动时的示例性触控传感装置的状态示意图。
如图9所示，触控传感装置900可以包括两个或以上触控传感器910、电源组件920和处理器930。
各个触控传感器910可以布置在需要检测的界面的不同的位置。每个触控传感器910可以用于响应于用户施加压力而由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生对应该触控传感器位置的电信号。触控传感器910可以包括基底、第一电极、第二电极和弹性层。第一电极可以设置在基底上。弹性层可以设置在第一电极或基底上，第二电极设置在弹性层上。当弹性层在自然状态时，第一电极第二电极不接触，该触控传感器处于断路状态；当用户向所述触控传感器施加压力时，弹性层发生形变第一电极与第二电极接触，该触控传感器由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号。更多关于触控传感器910的描述可以参见本说明书其他地方，例如，图1及其描述，此处不再赘述。
电源组件920可以用于向触控传感器910供电。
处理器930可以用于基于两个或以上触控传感器910对应的电信号，确定用户的触控手势。在一些实施例中，触控手势可以包括敲击手势、长按手势、滑动手势等。
在一些实施例中，触控传感装置900还可以包括信号采集器(未示出)，以采集由于触控传感器断开或连通时，所引起的触控检测电路中的信号变化。在一些实施例中，信号采集器可以包括电压计、电流计、电阻计等或其组合。在本说明书实施例中，将以电压计作为信号采集器的示例进行描述。
在本说明书实施例中，由于触控传感装置900中的触控传感器910分布在不同的位置，用户的触控手势不同，可以使不同位置的触控传感器910处于不同的状态(断开状态和通路状态)，从而产生不同(例如，幅值不同、时间不同等)的检测信号(即电信号)。进一步地，处理器930可以根据触控传感器的位置信息、采集到的电信号的时间信息和/或幅值信息，确定用户的触控手势。例如，处理器930可以根据各个触控传感器910的位置及其对应产生的电信号的产生时间，确定用户的触控手势。仅作为示例，当信号采集器只检测到某一触控传感器产生有电信号(或检测到的电信号的幅值对应某一触控传感器处于通路状态的幅值)时，处理器930可以确定用户在敲击该触控传感器对应的位置，即触控手势为敲击手势。当信号采集器只检测到某一触控传感器产生有电信号(或检测到的电信号的幅值对应某一触控传感器处于通路状态的幅值)并且其持续时间超过一预设时间(例如，0.5秒、1秒、2秒等)时，处理器930可以确定用户在长按该触控传感器对应的位置，即触控手势为长按手势。在一预设时间(例如，50ms、100ms、500ms等)内，当信号采集器检测多个触控传感器先后产生有电信号(或检测到的电信号的幅值由某一值变为另一值)时，处理器930可以确定用户的触控手势为滑动手势。
在一些实施例中，通过构建不同的触控电路(例如，如图11A和图12A所示)，可以使得不同位置的触控传感器910产生不同(例如，幅值不同、时间不同等)的检测信号(即电信号)。例如，如图11A所示，触控传感装置900(或触控检测电路)中每个触控传感单元910可以对应一个信号采集器。此时，两个或以上触控传感器910对应的电信号可以包括每个触控传感器对应的电信号。又例如，如图12A所示，触控传感装置900(或触控检测电路)可以只包括一个信号采集器。此时，两个或以上触控传感器910对应的电信号可以是包括每个触控传感器分别对应的电信号的复合信号。更多关于触控检测电路的描述参见图11A-11B和图12A-12B及其描述。
进一步地，处理器930可以根据采集到的电信号随时间的变化规律，确定用户的滑动手势的滑动方向。例如，如图10A所示，触控传感器A设置在触控传感器B的左侧。当触控手势为向右的滑动手势时，用户的手指可以先后经过触控传感装置900中的触控传感器A和触控传感器B，依次引起触控传感器A和触控传感器B中弹性层140的形变，从而依次引起触控传感器A和触控传感器B的第一电极120和第二电极130接触，进而导致触控传感器A和触控传感器B依次由断路状态切换至通路状态，从而产生各自对应的电信号。此时，触控传感器A先产生电信号(或产生的电信号对应第一幅值)，而触控传感器B后产生电信号(或产生的电信号对应第二幅值)。类似地，如图10B所示，当触控手势为向左的滑动手势时，用户的手指可以先后经过触控传感装置900中的触控传感器B和触控传感器A。此时，触控传感器B先产生电信号(或产生的电信号对应第二幅值)，而触控传感器A后产生电信号(或产生的电信号对应第一幅值)。因此，若信号采集器先后采集到触控传感器A和触控传感器B的电信号，且触控传感器A产生的电信号先于触控传感器B产生的电信号(或产生的电信号的幅值由第一幅值变为第二幅值)，则处理器930可以确定用户向左滑动。同理，若信号采集器先后采集到触控传感器A和触控传感器B的电信号，且触控传感器B产生的电信号先于触控传感器A产生的电信号(或产生的电信号的幅值由第二幅值变为第一幅值)，则处理器930可以确定用户向右滑动。
图11A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的触控传感装置的示例性触控检测电路示意图。图11B是基于图11A中触控检测电路检测到的电信号。
如图11A所示，触控传感装置900的触控检测电路1100可以包括触控传感器KEY1、触控传感器KEY2、电源VCC、电阻R1、电阻R2、电压计volProbe1和电压计volProbe2。触控传感器KEY1与触控传感器KEY2可以并联设置在触控检测电路1100中。每个触控传感器可以对应一个检测分电路。每个检测分电路中可以设置有至少一个电阻。具体地，触控传感器KEY1和KEY2的一端可以连接电源VCC，触控传感器KEY1和KEY2的另一端分别连接电阻R1和电阻R2的一端，电阻R1和电阻R2的另一端可以接地GND。
在一些实施例中，各个检测分电路中设置的电阻阻值可以相同或不同。电压计volProbe1和电压计volProbe2可以分别检测电阻R1和电阻R2两端电压。通过检测电阻R1和电阻R2两端的电压(即，触控传感装置900的电信号)，可以确定触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2的状态(例如，通路状态和断路状态)，从而确定用户的触控手势。
例如，当用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置处做出敲击手势时，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，然后又由通路状态迅速恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY2始终保持断路状态。此时，触控传感器KEY1所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe1可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R1两端电压增大)然后又迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY1恢复到断路状态)，而触控传感器KEY2所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe2始终检测不到电压信号(即触控传感器KEY2始终保持为断路状态)。同理，当用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置处做出敲击手势时，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，然后又由通路状态迅速恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY1始终保持断路状态。此时，触控传感器KEY2所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe2可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R2两端电压增大)然后又迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY2恢复到断路状态)，而触控传感器KEY1所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe1始终检测不到电压信号(即触控传感器KEY1始终保持为断路状态)。因此，如图11B所示，当采集的电信号为电压计volProbe1检测到的电信号(对应信号峰1110)时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置进行了敲击操作。当采集的电信号为电压计volProbe2检测到的电信号(对应信号峰1120)时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置进行了敲击操作。
又例如，当用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置处做出长按手势时，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并保持一段时间后由通路状态恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY2始终保持断路状态。此时，触控传感器KEY1所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe1可以检测到电压 信号(即电阻R1两端电压增大)并保持一段时间然后再恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY1恢复到断路状态)，而触控传感器KEY2所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe2始终检测不到电压信号(即触控传感器KEY2始终保持为断路状态)。同理，当用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置处做出长按手势时，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并保持一段时间后由通路状态恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY1始终保持断路状态。此时，触控传感器KEY2所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe2可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R2两端电压增大)并保持一段时间然后再恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY2恢复到断路状态)，而触控传感器KEY1所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe1始终检测不到电压信号(即触控传感器KEY1始终保持为断路状态)。因此，当采集的电信号为电压计volProbe1检测到的电信号且该电信号保持时长超过时长阈值(例如，0.5秒、1秒、2秒等)时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置进行了长按操作。当采集的电信号为电压计volProbe2检测到的电信号且该电信号保持时长超过时长阈值时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置进行了长按操作。
再例如，当用户从触控传感器KEY1对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY2对应的位置时，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态，接着，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态。此时，触控传感器KEY1所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe1可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R1两端电压增大)并迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY1恢复到断路状态)，触控传感器KEY2所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe2也可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R2两端电压增大)并迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY2恢复到断路状态)。电压计volProbe1检测到电信号的时间在电压计volProbe2检测到电信号的时间之前。同理，当用户从触控传感器KEY2对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY1对应的位置时，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态，接着，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态。此时，触控传感器KEY2所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe2可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R2两端电压增大)并迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY2恢复到断路状态)，触控传感器KEY1所在检测分电路的电压计volProbe1也可以检测到电压信号(即电阻R1两端电压增大)并迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY1恢复到断路状态)。电压计volProbe2检测到电信号的时间在电压计volProbe1检测到电信号的时间之前。因此，当采集的电信号为电压计volProbe1和电压计volProbe2均检测到的电信号且电压计volProbe1检测到电信号的时间在电压计volProbe2检测到电信号的时间一预设时长(例如，50ms、100ms、500ms等)之前时，处理器930可以确定用户进行了从触控传感器KEY1对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY2对应的位置的滑动手势。当采集的电信号为电压计volProbe1和电压计volProbe2均检测到的电信号且电压计volProbe2检测到电信号的时间在电压计volProbe1检测到电信号的时间一预设时长(例如，50ms、100ms、500ms等)之前时，处理器930可以确定用户进行了从触控传感器KEY2对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY1对应的位置的滑动手势。
需要知道的是，在一些实施例中，触控检测电路1100的检测分电路中可以不设置电阻(例如，电阻R1或电阻R2)。通过设置触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2中的电极(包括第一电极和/或第二电极)的材质(或导电性)不同，使每个检测分电路对应不同的电阻值。电压计volProbe1和电压计volProbe2可以分别检测各个检测分电路的总的电压信号，作为触控传感装置900的电信号(即两个或以上触控传感器910对应的电信号)。
本说明书一些实施例所述的触控传感装置，通过采用触控检测电路1100，当某一检测分电路中的触控传感器和/或电阻发生异常时不会影响到其他检测分电路中的触控传感器的状态，其结构更加可靠。此外，可以通过调节各检测分电路中的电阻阻值来调整触控传感装置的检测信号强弱，从而可以不需要信号放大电路，使触控传感装置结构更加简单，降低触控传感装置的成本，有利于商业化应用。
图12A是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的触控传感装置的示例性触控检测电路示意图。图12B是基于图12A中触控检测电路检测到的电信号。
如图12A所示，触控传感装置900的触控检测电路1200可以包括触控传感器KEY1、触控传感器KEY2、电源VCC1、电源VCC2、电阻R4和电压计volProbe1。触控传感器KEY1与触控传感器KEY2可以并联设置在触控检测电路1200中。每个触控传感器可以对应一个检测分电路。具体地，触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2的一端分别连接电源VCC1和VCC2，触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2的另一端连接电阻R4的一端，电阻R4的另一端可以接地GND。
在一些实施例中，电源VCC1与电源VCC2的电源电压可以相同或不同。例如，当电源 VCC1与电源VCC2的电源电压不同时，触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2对应的检测分电路的总电阻可以相同或不同。又例如，当电源VCC1与电源VCC2的电源电压相同时，触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2对应的检测分电路的总电阻可以不同。由此，可以使触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2处于通路状态时，电阻R4两端的电压不同。电压计volProbe1可以检测电阻R4两端的电压。通过检测电阻R4两端的电压(即，触控传感装置900的电信号)，可以确定触控传感器KEY1和触控传感器KEY2的状态(例如，通路状态和断路状态)，从而确定用户的触控手势。
例如，当用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置处做出敲击手势时，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，然后又由通路状态迅速恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY2始终保持断路状态。此时，电压计volProbe1可以检测到其幅值为第一幅值的电压信号，然后该电压信号又迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY1恢复到断路状态)。第一幅值可以对应触控传感器KEY1处于通路状态且触控传感器KEY2处于断路状态时，电阻R4两端的电压值。同理，当用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置处做出敲击手势时，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，然后又由通路状态迅速恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY1始终保持断路状态。此时，电压计volProbe1可以检测到其幅值为第二幅值的电压信号，然后该电压信号又迅速恢复为0(即触控传感器KEY1恢复到断路状态)。第二幅值可以对应触控传感器KEY2处于通路状态且触控传感器KEY1处于断路状态时，电阻R4两端的电压值。因此，如图12B所示，当采集的电信号的幅值等于第一幅值(对应虚线圈1210中信号峰的幅值)时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置进行了敲击操作。当采集的电信号的幅值等于第二幅值(对应虚线圈1220中信号峰的幅值)时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置进行了敲击操作。
又例如，当用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置处做出长按手势时，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并保持一段时间后由通路状态恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY2可以始终保持断路状态。此时，电压计volProbe1可以检测到其幅值等于第一幅值的电压信号且该信号保持时长超过时长阈值(例如，0.5秒、1秒、2秒等)。同理，当用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置处做出长按手势时，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并保持一段时间后由通路状态恢复至断路状态，触控传感器KEY1始终保持断路状态。此时，电压计volProbe1可以检测到其幅值等于第二幅值的电压信号且该信号保持时长超过时长阈值。因此，当采集的电信号的幅值等于第一幅值且该电信号保持时长超过时长阈值时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY1对应的位置进行了长按操作。当采集的电信号的幅值等于第二幅值且该电信号保持时长超过时长阈值时，处理器930可以确定用户在触控传感器KEY2对应的位置进行了长按操作。
再例如，当用户从触控传感器KEY1对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY2对应的位置时，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态，接着，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态。此时，电压计volProbe1检测到的电信号的幅值迅速(例如，50ms、100ms、500ms等范围内)由第一幅值变为第二幅值。同理，当用户从触控传感器KEY2对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY1对应的位置时，触控传感器KEY2可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态，接着，触控传感器KEY1可以由断路状态切换为通路状态，并迅速由通路状态恢复至断路状态。此时，电压计volProbe1检测到的电信号的幅值迅速由第二幅值变为第一幅值。因此，如图12B所示，当采集的电信号的幅值由第一幅值迅速变为第二幅值时(对应虚线圈1230中信号的幅值变化)，处理器930可以确定用户进行了从触控传感器KEY1对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY2对应的位置的滑动手势。当采集的电信号的幅值由第二幅值迅速变为第一幅值时(对应虚线圈1240中信号的幅值变化)，处理器930可以确定用户进行了从触控传感器KEY2对应的位置滑向触控传感器KEY1对应的位置的滑动手势。
本说明书一些实施例所述的触控传感装置，通过采用触控检测电路1200，可以有效节约检测和计算资源，降低触控传感装置的成本，有利于商业化应用。
图13是根据本说明书一些实施例所示的示例性耳机的结构框图。如图13所示，耳机1300可以包括扬声器1310、触控传感器1320和壳体1330。
扬声器1310可以用于产生声音信号。
触控传感器1320可以用于响应于用户施加压力而由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生对应的电信号。触控传感器1320可以包括基底、第一电极、第二电极和弹性层。第一电极可以设置在基底上。弹性层可以设置在第一电极或基底上，第二电极设置在弹性层上。当弹性层在自然状态时， 第一电极第二电极不接触，该触控传感器处于断路状态；当用户向所述触控传感器施加压力时，弹性层发生形变第一电极与第二电极接触，该触控传感器由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号。更多关于触控传感器910的描述可以参见本说明书其他地方，例如，图1及其描述，此处不再赘述。
壳体1330可以用于承载扬声器1310和触控传感器1320。
在一些实施例中，壳体1330可以包括接触面。当用户佩戴耳机1300时，接触面用于与用户脸部接触，触控传感器1320的至少一部分设置在所述接触面上。当用户佩戴耳机1300时，接触面的压力可以导致触控传感器1320中的弹性层变形，进而使得其第一电极与第二电极接触，产生电信号。处理器(未示出)可以根据该电信号确定用户完成佩戴。进一步地，处理器可以控制耳机1300的一个或多个电子组件(例如，蓝牙模块、电池等)进入工作状态。例如，处理器可以控制耳机1300开机并播放音乐。当耳机1300解除佩戴时，接触面的压力消失，触控传感器1320处于断开状态，处理器可以响应于触控传感器1320的断开状态，确定用户解除佩戴。进一步地，处理器可以控制耳机1300的一个或多个电子组件(例如，蓝牙模块、电池等)进入待机状态。
本说明书一些实施例所述的耳机(例如，TWS耳机)，通过将触控传感器1320的至少一部分设置在耳机1300与人体的一个或多个接触面上，从而可以用于耳机佩戴或解除佩戴的检测。
本说明书一些实施例所述的触控传感器、触控传感装置、耳机可能带来的有益效果包括但不限于：(1)触控传感器结构简单，抗干扰能力强，可以在模拟电路中实现近似数字电路的效果；(2)触控传感器的灵敏度的调节可以通过调节弹性层处于自然状态时第一电极与第二电极之间的距离实现，其调节简单方便；(3)通过减小触控传感器中弹性层处于自然状态时第一电极与第二电极之间的距离，从而实现高灵敏度传感；(4)通过将触控传感器设置为不同的形状，提高触控传感器100的安装适应性；(5)该触控传感器的可以方便地贴附在目标表面上，可扩展性强；(6)该触控传感器成本极低，利于商业化应用；(7)该触控传感器还可以作为电器开关使用，从而实现结构表面无凸起，或者隐藏开关的效果。
上文已对基本概念做了描述，显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述详细披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本申请的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本申请进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本申请中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本申请示范实施例的精神和范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种触控传感器，包括：
    基底；
    第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在所述基底上；以及
    弹性层，设置在所述第一电极或所述基底上，其中，所述第二电极设置在所述弹性层上，其中
    当所述弹性层在自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极不接触，所述触控传感器处于断路状态；
    当用户向所述触控传感器施加压力时，所述弹性层发生形变，所述第一电极与所述第二电极接触，所述触控传感器由所述断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，其中，当所述弹性层在所述自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间的距离在50nm-1mm范围内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，其中，在沿着所述弹性层的形变方向上，所述触控传感器的厚度不大于1mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，其中，在沿着所述弹性层的形变方向上，所述第一电极和所述第二电极的投影具有重叠区域且至少部分重叠区域未被所述弹性层覆盖。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，其中，所述第一电极为一整体电极。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，其中，所述第一电极包括两个或以上间隔分布的子电极。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，其中，所述弹性层的在所述自然状态下的厚度在50nm-1mm范围，所述弹性层的弹性系数在200GPa-1kPa范围。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的触控传感器，还包括：保护层，用于封装基底、所述第一电极、所述第二电极和所述弹性层。
  9. 一种触控传感装置，包括：
    两个或以上触控传感器，每个触控传感器用于响应于用户施加压力而由断路状态切换至通路状态并产生电信号；
    电源组件，用于向所述两个或以上触控传感器供电；以及
    处理器，用于基于所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的电信号，确定所述用户的触控手势，其中，
    每个触控传感器包括：
    基底；
    第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在所述基底上；以及
    弹性层，设置在所述第一电极或所述基底上，其中，所述第二电极设置在所述弹性层上，其中
    当所述弹性层在自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极不接触，所述触控传感器处于所述断路状态；
    当所述用户向所述触控传感器施加所述压力时，所述弹性层发生形变，所述第一电极与所述第二电极接触，所述触控传感器由所述断路状态切换至所述通路状态并产生所述电信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的触控传感装置，其中，所述触控手势包括敲击手势、长按手势或滑动手势。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的触控传感装置，所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的所述电信号包括每个触控传感器对应的电信号，所述基于所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的电信号，确定所述用户的触控手势，包括：
    基于每个触控传感器的位置和每个触控传感器对应的电信号的信号时间，确定所述用户的所述滑动手势和滑动方向。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的触控传感装置，其中，所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的所述电信号包括每个触控传感器分别对应的电信号的复合信号，所述基于所述两个或以上触控传感器对应的电信号，确定所述用户的触控手势，包括：
    基于所述复合信号的幅值，确定所述用户的所述滑动手势和滑动方向。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的触控传感装置，其中，所述两个或以上触控传感器并联设置在检测电路中，每个触控传感器对应一个检测分电路，其中，
    每个触控传感器对应的检测分电路中的设置的电阻阻值不同，或
    不同检测分电路对应的第一电极和第二电极的导电性不同，或
    不同检测分电路对应不同的电源电压。
  14. 一种耳机，包括：
    扬声器，用于产生声音信号；
    至少一个触控传感器；以及
    壳体，用于承载所述扬声器和所述至少一个触控传感器，其中
    每个触控传感器包括：
    基底；
    第一电极和第二电极，其中，第一电极设置在所述基底上；以及
    弹性层，设置在所述第一电极或所述基底上，其中，所述第二电极设置在所述弹性层上，其中
    当所述弹性层在自然状态时，所述第一电极和所述第二电极不接触，所述触控传感器处于所述断路状态；
    当所述用户向所述触控传感器施加所述压力时，所述弹性层发生形变，所述第一电极与所述第二电极接触，所述触控传感器由所述断路状态切换至所述通路状态并产生所述电信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其中，所述壳体包括接触面，当所述用户佩戴所述耳机时，所述接触面用于与所述用户脸部接触，所述至少一个触控传感器的至少一部分设置在所述接触面上。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其中，在沿着所述弹性层的形变方向上，所述至少一个触控传感器的厚度不大于1mm。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其中，在沿着所述弹性层的形变方向上，所述第一电极和所述第二电极的投影具有重叠区域且至少部分重叠区域未被所述弹性层覆盖。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其中，所述第一电极为一整体电极。
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其中，所述第一电极包括两个或以上间隔分布的子电极。
  20. 根据权利要求14所述的耳机，其中，所述弹性层的在所述自然状态下的厚度在50nm-1mm范围，所述弹性层的弹性系数在200GPa-1kPa范围。
PCT/CN2022/138748 2022-12-13 2022-12-13 触控传感器及具有该触控传感器的触控传感装置和耳机 Ceased WO2024124404A1 (zh)

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