WO2024125521A1 - 电子膨胀阀 - Google Patents

电子膨胀阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024125521A1
WO2024125521A1 PCT/CN2023/138231 CN2023138231W WO2024125521A1 WO 2024125521 A1 WO2024125521 A1 WO 2024125521A1 CN 2023138231 W CN2023138231 W CN 2023138231W WO 2024125521 A1 WO2024125521 A1 WO 2024125521A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
small
valve needle
sealing
electronic expansion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/138231
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨忠宇
金钜
王傅钢
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=87095011&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2024125521(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Dunan Artificial Environment Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020257017345A priority Critical patent/KR20250093397A/ko
Priority to JP2025521443A priority patent/JP2025535286A/ja
Priority to EP23902717.0A priority patent/EP4617532A4/en
Publication of WO2024125521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024125521A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/0254—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves with conical shaped valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/02—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with screw-spindle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F16K1/38—Valve members of conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/42—Valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
    • F16K39/022—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves using balancing surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K41/00—Spindle sealings
    • F16K41/02—Spindle sealings with stuffing-box ; Sealing rings
    • F16K41/04—Spindle sealings with stuffing-box ; Sealing rings with at least one ring of rubber or like material between spindle and housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/35—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by rotary motors, e.g. by stepping motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/50—Mechanical actuating means with screw-spindle or internally threaded actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electronic expansion valves, and in particular to an electronic expansion valve.
  • Electronic expansion valves are usually used to adjust the flow of fluids in various refrigeration and heating equipment such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and heat pump water heaters.
  • Electronic expansion valves are usually composed of valve seat parts, valve needle parts, and other structures. Through the movement of the valve needle parts, the opening of the valve port is adjusted to achieve flow control.
  • the Chinese patent with publication number CN216742910U discloses an electronic expansion valve, comprising: a valve seat component; a valve sleeve, the valve sleeve and the valve seat component are connected; a valve needle component, which is arranged in the valve seat component, the valve needle component comprises a main body and a small valve needle, the main body has a small valve port, and the small valve needle is movably arranged to adjust the opening of the small valve port; a driving component, which is arranged in the cavity of the valve seat component and the valve sleeve, the driving component is located in the structure in the valve sleeve and the area between the inner wall of the valve sleeve to form a rotor cavity, and the driving component and the small valve needle are drivingly connected; a balancing channel, the balancing channel connects the rotor cavity and the small valve port, and due to the internal balancing structure, the fluid force on the small valve needle is basically zero during the process of closing the small valve port or moving up
  • the present invention provides an electronic expansion valve to solve the problem that in the prior art electronic expansion valve, when the screw rotates to the same position relative to the nut sleeve during the downward and upward movement of the screw, the position of the valve needle relative to the valve port has an error.
  • the present invention provides an electronic expansion valve, comprising: a valve seat portion; a valve needle component, which is arranged in the cavity of the valve seat portion, the valve needle component comprising a large valve needle portion and a small valve needle, the large valve needle portion comprising a valve needle body, the valve needle body having a small valve port, and the small valve needle is used to close the small valve port;
  • the valve needle body has a guide hole, a first inner sealing ring is provided between the small valve needle and the inner wall of the guide hole, and the small valve needle is movably sealed with the inner wall of the guide hole through the first inner sealing ring; a sealing portion is formed at the position where the small valve needle abuts the small valve port, and the valve cavity where one end of the small valve needle away from the sealing portion is located is connected to the small valve port; wherein the first inner sealing ring is located in the first inner sealing groove on the outer wall of the small valve needle, and the maximum diameter of the sealing portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the first inner
  • the friction force between the first inner sealing ring and the outer wall of the small valve needle is F1
  • the resultant force of the fluid force in the valve seat portion on the small valve needle is F2, wherein F1 ⁇ F2
  • the friction force between the first inner sealing ring and the inner wall of the guide hole is F1
  • the resultant force of the fluid force in the valve seat portion on the small valve needle is F2, wherein F1 ⁇ F2.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly, which includes a small elastic part; one end of the small elastic part abuts against the small valve needle; when the small valve port is closed, the small elastic part applies a force toward the small valve port to the small valve needle as a sealing preload force, and the minimum value of the sealing preload force is F3, F1+F2 ⁇ F3.
  • the small valve needle has a blocking section, which can axially move through the guide hole.
  • the blocking section has a first inner sealing groove, and the first inner sealing ring is installed in the first inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the first inner sealing ring abuts against the inner wall of the guide hole.
  • the small valve needle has a tapered section, and a sealing portion is formed at a position where the tapered section and the small valve opening are in contact with each other.
  • the large valve needle part also includes a small sealing gasket arranged in the valve needle body, and the small valve port includes a through hole in the small sealing gasket, the inner wall of the through hole is sealed with the tapered section of the small valve needle; the through hole has a chamfered surface at one end facing the first inner sealing ring.
  • the small valve needle also has a limiting section, which is located on the side of the guide hole away from the small valve port and connected to the blocking section, and the valve cavity where the limiting section is located is communicated with the small valve port.
  • valve seat portion has a large valve port, and the valve needle body is used to close the large valve port;
  • the valve needle body is provided with a balancing channel, and the valve cavity where the end of the valve needle body away from the large valve port is located is connected with the large valve port through the balancing channel;
  • the valve cavity where the end of the small valve needle away from the sealing portion is located is connected with the small valve port through the balancing channel;
  • the large valve port is connected with the small valve port.
  • the large valve needle part also includes a limit ring, which is fixed in the valve needle body, and the small valve needle penetrates into the valve needle body.
  • the limit ring cooperates with the small valve needle stopper to prevent the small valve needle and the large valve needle part from separating.
  • valve needle body also has a limiting hole, the inner diameter of the guide hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting hole, the limiting ring is fixed in the limiting hole, and the end of the small valve needle away from the sealing part is located in the limiting hole.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the small valve needle is always subject to the pressure difference between the inlet fluid and the outlet fluid during the process of being stationary or moving, and no longer maintains balance.
  • the pressure difference is finally transmitted to the screw of the electronic expansion valve, which helps to solve the problem that when the screw rotates to the same position relative to the nut sleeve of the electronic expansion valve during the downward and upward movement of the screw, the position of the valve needle relative to the valve port has an error;
  • the conical section of the small valve needle is sealed with the small valve port, the conical section can be used for flow regulation, the small valve port supports the conical section, and the position of the small valve needle is stable when sealing the small valve port, which can ensure that the small valve needle of the electronic expansion valve has a high inflection point accuracy at the flow curve and a small pulse range at the inflection point when in a low pulse and small flow regulation state, thereby enhancing the flow regulation accuracy of the small valve needle;
  • One end of the through hole facing the first inner sealing ring has a chamfered surface, which facilitates the small valve needle to penetrate into the small valve port, and at the same time can enhance the sealing performance between the small valve needle and the small valve needle, and reduce the wear of the small valve needle on the small valve port during sealing.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic expansion valve provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG2 shows a partial enlarged view of the electronic expansion valve in FIG1 ;
  • FIG3 shows another schematic structural diagram of a large sealing gasket in an electronic expansion valve provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing a partial structure of the electronic expansion valve in FIG1 ;
  • FIG5 shows a cross-sectional view of a valve needle body in the electronic expansion valve in FIG1 ;
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing a flow curve of the electronic expansion valve in FIG1 ;
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the matching of the screw rod and the nut body in the electronic expansion valve provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • valve seat 101, large valve port; 102, flow hole; 103, third channel; 104, valve seat ring; 105, sealing portion; 110, large sealing gasket; 111, sealing surface; 112, second annular step; 113, third annular step; 114, second chamfer; 115, third chamfer; 120, large valve seat; 121, pressure ring; 1211, first chamfer; 130, small valve seat; 131, first annular step; 140, reinforced sealing ring; 151, first outer sealing ring; 152, second outer sealing ring;
  • valve needle component 210, large valve needle; 211, small valve port; 212, side opening; 213, guide hole; 214, first channel; 215, flow chamber; 220, small valve needle; 221, limit section; 222, blocking section; 223, annular stopper; 224, tapered section; 231, first inner sealing ring; 232, second inner sealing ring; 240, valve needle body; 241, limit hole; 242, assembly groove; 243, avoidance groove; 250, limit ring; 260, small sealing pad; 261, chamfered section; 270, limit sleeve; 280, large elastic member;
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic expansion valve, including: a valve seat portion 100, the valve seat portion 100 has a large valve port 101; a valve needle component 200, arranged in a cavity of the valve seat portion 100, the valve needle component 200 includes a large valve needle portion 210 and a small valve needle 220, the large valve needle portion 210 has a small valve port 211, the large valve needle portion 210 is used to open and close the large valve port 101, and the small valve needle 220 is used to open and close the small valve port 211.
  • the opening of the small valve port 211 is adjusted by the axial movement of the small valve needle 220, thereby realizing the regulation of small flow; the large flow is turned on and off by the large valve needle 210 blocking or avoiding the large valve port 101.
  • the small valve needle 220 blocks the small valve port 211, and the large valve needle 210 blocks the large valve port 101;
  • the small valve needle 220 moves axially to adjust the opening of the small valve port 211, and the large valve needle 210 blocks the large valve port 101, thereby realizing the regulation of small flow;
  • the small valve needle 220 drives the large valve needle 210 to move axially until the large valve needle 210 completely avoids the large valve port 101, thereby realizing the fully open state.
  • the large valve needle part 210 includes a valve needle body 240, and the valve needle body 240 has a small valve port 211, and the small valve needle 220 is used to close the small valve port 211;
  • the valve needle body 240 has a guide hole 213, and a first inner sealing ring 231 is provided between the small valve needle 220 and the inner wall of the guide hole 213, and the small valve needle 220 is movably sealed with the inner wall of the guide hole 213 through the first inner sealing ring 231;
  • the position where the small valve needle 220 abuts against the small valve port 211 forms a sealing portion 105, and the valve cavity where the end of the small valve needle 220 away from the sealing portion 105 is located is connected to the small valve port 211;
  • the first inner sealing ring 231 is located in the first inner sealing groove on the outer wall of the small valve needle 220, and the maximum diameter of the sealing portion 105 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first inner sealing ring 231; or, the first inner sealing ring 2
  • the maximum diameter of the sealing portion 105 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first inner sealing ring 231, or the maximum diameter of the sealing portion 105 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first inner sealing ring 231, so that the small valve needle 220 is always affected by the pressure difference between the inlet fluid and the outlet fluid during the process of being stationary or moving, and no longer maintains balance.
  • the pressure difference is finally transmitted to the screw of the electronic expansion valve, thereby eliminating the problem of error in the position of the valve needle relative to the valve port when the screw rotates to the same position relative to the nut sleeve of the electronic expansion valve during the downward and upward movement of the screw.
  • the large valve needle 210 and the valve seat 100 may be integrally provided, or the large valve needle 210 and the valve seat 100 may be fixedly connected, or the large valve needle 210 may be a part of the valve seat 100; or the large valve needle 210 may be movable.
  • the friction force on the small valve needle 220 is F1
  • the resultant force of the fluid force on the small valve needle 220 in the valve seat portion 100 is F2, wherein F1 ⁇ F2. That is, in this solution, the force of the fluid on the small valve needle 220 is always greater than the friction force on the small valve needle 220, so that whether in the process of opening or closing the valve, the resultant force of the friction force and the fluid force on the small valve needle 220 is always in a certain direction, such as upward or downward, and the direction of the resultant force on the small valve needle 220 during the movement will not change.
  • the small valve needle 220 has a tapered section 224, and the sealing portion 105 is formed at the position where the tapered section 224 abuts against the small valve port 211.
  • the tapered section 224 of the small valve needle 220 is sealed with the small valve port 211, the tapered section 224 can adjust the flow rate, the small valve port 211 supports the tapered section 224, and the position of the small valve needle 220 is stable when sealing the small valve port 211, which can ensure that the small valve needle 220 of the electronic expansion valve has a high inflection point accuracy at the flow curve and a small pulse range where the inflection point is located in the low pulse and small flow adjustment state, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the flow adjustment of the small valve needle 220.
  • the large valve needle part 210 further includes a small sealing gasket 260 disposed in the valve needle body 240, and the small valve port 211 includes a through hole in the small sealing gasket 260, the inner wall of the through hole is sealed with the tapered section 224 of the small valve needle 220; the through hole has a chamfered surface at one end facing the first inner sealing ring 231.
  • the through hole has a chamfered surface at one end facing the first inner sealing ring 231, which facilitates the small valve needle 220 to penetrate into the small valve port 211, and at the same time can enhance the sealing performance between the small valve needle 220 and reduce the wear of the small valve port 211 caused by the small valve needle 220 during sealing.
  • the valve seat 100 has a large valve port 101, and the valve needle body 240 is used to close the large valve port 101; the valve needle body 240 is provided with a balancing channel, and the valve cavity where one end of the valve needle body 240 away from the large valve port 101 is located is connected to the large valve port 101 through the balancing channel; the valve cavity where one end of the small valve needle 220 away from the sealing portion 105 is located is connected to the small valve port 211 through the balancing channel; the large valve port 101 is connected to the small valve port 211.
  • the balancing channel can reduce the fluid pressure difference at both ends of the valve needle component 200, making it easier to open and close the valve port.
  • the conical surface of the conical section 224 of the small valve needle 220 is arranged in the conical section 224 of the small valve needle 220 instead of being arranged in the small sealing gasket 260.
  • the conical surface used for sealing is the outer surface instead of the inner surface. In this way, the conical surface is easy to accurately process and measure, which reduces the production difficulty, improves the yield rate, and thus reduces the production cost of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the diameter of the straight section is smaller than the large end diameter of the tapered section 224, and larger than the small end diameter of the tapered section 224. In this way, after the tapered section 224 is inserted into the straight section, a part of the tapered section 224 is located inside the straight section, and the other part is located outside the straight section, so that the sealing effect is better.
  • the inner surface of the small valve opening 211 also has a chamfered section 261, and the cone angle of the chamfered section 261 is greater than the cone angle of the tapered section 224.
  • the chamfered section 261 can remove burrs on the edge of the small valve opening 211 and guide the tapered section 224 to penetrate into the straight section.
  • the valve needle body 240 has a guide hole 213, and the small valve needle 220 has a blocking section 222.
  • the blocking section 222 can axially move through the guide hole 213.
  • the blocking section 222 has a tapered section 224, and the diameter of the small end of the tapered section 224 is smaller than the diameter of the equal diameter section of the blocking section 222. In this way, the cooperation between the guide hole 213 and the blocking section 222 plays a role in guiding and limiting the movement of the small valve needle 220.
  • the valve needle component 200 further includes a first inner sealing ring 231, the blocking section 222 has a first inner sealing groove, the first inner sealing ring 231 is installed in the first inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the first inner sealing ring 231 abuts against the inner wall of the guide hole 213. In this way, the first inner sealing ring 231 can play a sealing role to avoid internal leakage.
  • the force area of the small valve needle 220 at the sealing position of the small valve port 211 is smaller than the force area of the small valve needle 220 in the guide hole 213, so that the resultant force of the fluid connected to the large valve port 101 on the small valve needle 220 is always toward the small valve port 211.
  • the fluid pressure at the flow hole 102 is greater than the fluid pressure at the large valve port 101, and the force exerted by the fluid at the flow hole 102 on the small valve needle 220 is upward (i.e., away from the direction of the large valve port 101) and is relatively large, and the resultant force of the fluid at the large valve port 101 on the small valve needle 220 is downward (i.e., toward the direction of the large valve port 101), and the total force F2 of the fluid in the electronic expansion valve on the small valve needle 220 is upward, and the friction force F1 is downward when the small valve needle 220 is opened, and F1 is upward when the valve is closed, F1 ⁇ F2, so that no matter the small valve needle 220 is opening or closing the valve, the resultant force of F1 and F2 is always upward, that is, the resultant force exerted on the small valve needle 220 is in a single direction and will not change, thereby
  • the fluid pressure at the circulation hole 102 is lower than the fluid pressure at the large valve port 101, and the force exerted by the fluid at the circulation hole 102 on the small valve needle 220 is upward (i.e., away from the direction of the large valve port 101), and the resultant force of the fluid at the large valve port 101 on the small valve needle 220 is downward (i.e., toward the direction of the large valve port 101) and the force is relatively large, and the total force F2 of the fluid in the electronic expansion valve on the small valve needle 220 is downward, and the friction force F1 is downward on the small valve needle 220 when the valve is opened, and F1 is upward when the valve is closed, F1 ⁇ F2, so that no matter the small valve needle 220 is opening or closing the valve, the resultant force of F1 and F2 is always downward, that is, the resultant force exerted on the small valve needle 220 is in a single direction and will not change,
  • the valve needle component 200 further includes a second inner sealing ring 232.
  • the large valve needle portion 210 has a second inner sealing groove.
  • the second inner sealing ring 232 is installed in the second inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the second inner sealing ring 232 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat portion 100.
  • the second inner sealing ring 232 can seal the circumference of the large valve needle portion 210 to prevent internal leakage.
  • the size of the sealing area between the valve needle body 240 and the large valve port 101 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the second inner sealing ring 232, ensuring that the force of the valve needle body 240 in the valve cavity is balanced.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300, which includes a small elastic member 350; one end of the small elastic member 350 abuts against the small valve needle 220; when the small valve port 211 is closed, the small elastic member 350 applies a force toward the small valve port 211 to the small valve needle 220 as a sealing preload force, and the minimum value of the sealing preload force is F3, F1+F2 ⁇ F3.
  • the screw assembly 300 also includes a screw 310, an assembly sleeve 320, and a bearing 330.
  • the screw 310 and the inner ring of the bearing 330 are connected, the outer ring of the bearing 330 is located in the assembly sleeve 320, one end of the small elastic part 350 is limitedly matched with the bearing 330, and the other end of the small elastic part 350 is abutted against the limit section 221.
  • the small elastic member 350 can improve the reliability of the small valve needle 220 closing the small valve port 211, and can play a role of buffering and protection.
  • the valve seat ring 104 can guide the reciprocating movement of the assembly set 320. F1+F2 ⁇ F3, which prevents the small valve needle 220 from being lifted by the force exerted by the fluid on the small valve needle 220, and ensures the reliability of closing the small valve port 211.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has a valve seat ring 104 , and the assembly sleeve 320 reciprocates along the inner wall of the valve seat ring 104 , and the valve seat ring 104 can guide the assembly sleeve 320 .
  • the small valve needle 220 between the first inner sealing ring 231 and the sealing portion 105 is subjected to the force of the high-pressure fluid entering from the circulation hole 102, and the direction is along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and away from the small valve port 211, and the small valve needle 220 between the first inner sealing ring 231 and the sealing portion 105 is subjected to the force of the low-pressure fluid at the small valve port 211, and the direction is along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and close to the small valve port 211.
  • the resultant force of the high-pressure fluid force and the low-pressure fluid force is F2, and the direction of F2 is always along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and away from the small valve port 211; when the small valve needle 220 moves close to the small valve port 211, the friction force F1 on the first inner sealing ring 231 in the small valve needle 220 is along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and close to the small valve port 211.
  • the electronic expansion valve is axially and away from the small valve port 211, and the directions of F1 and F2 are the same.
  • the small valve needle 220 is subjected to the combined force of F1 and F2 along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and away from the small valve port 211; when the small valve needle 220 moves away from the small valve port 211, the first inner sealing ring 231 in the small valve needle 220 is subjected to the friction force F1 along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and close to the small valve port 211.
  • the small valve needle 220 is subjected to the combined force of F1 and F2 along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and away from the small valve port 211; therefore, whether the small valve needle 220 moves upward or downward, the direction of the combined force of the fluid force and the friction force on the small valve needle 220 is always consistent, and the combined force of the fluid force and the friction force acts on the screw, so that the upper side surface of the screw thread always remains in contact with the upper side surface of the nut thread.
  • the direction of the combined force of the fluid force and the friction force on the small valve needle 220 is always consistent, that is, along the axial direction of the electronic expansion valve and close to the small valve port 211.
  • the combined force of the fluid force and the friction force acts on the screw, so that the lower side of the screw thread always remains in contact with the lower side of the nut thread.
  • the side wall of the valve seat portion 100 has a flow hole 102, and the large valve needle portion 210 has a side opening 212, and the side opening 212 is connected to the flow hole 102; the electronic expansion valve has a closed state, a flow adjustment state and a fully open state.
  • the small valve needle 220 blocks the small valve port 211, and the small valve port 211 and the side opening 212 are not connected, and the large valve needle portion 210 blocks the large valve port 101, and the large valve port 101 and the flow hole 102 are not connected; in the flow adjustment state, the large valve needle portion 210 blocks the large valve port 101, and the small valve needle 220 adjusts the opening of the small valve port 211 by axial movement, and the large valve port 101 is connected to the side opening 212 through the small valve port 211; in the fully open state, the large valve needle portion 210 opens the large valve port 101, and the large valve port 101 and the flow hole 102 are directly connected; in this way, the electronic expansion valve has a small flow adjustment function and a large flow on-off function.
  • the large valve needle part 210 has a guide hole 213, which is located on the side of the small valve port 211 away from the large valve port 101.
  • the small valve needle 220 can reciprocate through the guide hole 213 and seal with the inner wall of the guide hole 213. The movement of the small valve needle 220 can be guided by the guide hole 213.
  • the valve needle component 200 also includes a first inner sealing ring 231.
  • the small valve needle 220 has a first inner sealing groove.
  • the first inner sealing ring 231 is installed in the first inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the first inner sealing ring 231 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat part 100; this can play a sealing role to avoid internal leakage.
  • the valve needle component 200 also includes a second inner sealing ring 232.
  • the large valve needle part 210 has a second inner sealing groove.
  • the second inner sealing ring 232 is installed in the second inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the second inner sealing ring 232 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat part 100.
  • the second inner sealing ring 232 seals the large valve needle part 210.
  • the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle part 210 are matched in axial limiting, and the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300, which is fixedly connected to the small valve needle 220 to drive the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle part 210 to move back and forth, thereby realizing the opening and closing action of the small valve port 211 and the large valve port 101.
  • the ordinate in Figure 6 is the flow rate of the electronic expansion valve, and the abscissa can be understood as the opening of the valve port, or the stroke of the valve needle, or the stroke of the screw assembly 300.
  • the position where the value of the abscissa is about 320 is the opening and closing boundary between the small valve port 211 and the large valve port 101.
  • the small valve port 211 is opened and closed separately at the position where the value of the abscissa is less than 320, realizing the precise small flow regulation function (in this case, it has a throttling effect), and the large valve port 101 is gradually opened at the position where the value of the abscissa is greater than 320, and the flow rate increases rapidly, realizing the large flow function (the large valve port 101 is fully opened without a throttling effect).
  • the actual flow curve of the electronic expansion valve is not limited to the form of Figure 6, and can be adjusted according to the working conditions and customer needs.
  • the adjustment method is to change the valve port size, the shape of the inner wall of the valve port, the size of the valve needle, and the shape of the outer wall of the valve needle.
  • the sealing gasket at the valve port is provided with a conical surface that cooperates with the small valve needle to adjust the flow rate, and the small valve needle is not provided with a conical surface.
  • the conical surface of the sealing gasket is easily deformed, thereby causing the position of the small valve needle to move downward, thus easily causing the position of the inflection point value to be uncertain, resulting in low flow regulation accuracy.
  • the conical surface for flow regulation is provided on the small valve needle 220, the inflection point value is stable, and the flow regulation accuracy is high.
  • the large valve needle part 210 includes a valve needle body 240 and a limiting ring 250.
  • the valve needle body 240 has a limiting hole 241 and a guide hole 213.
  • the inner diameter of the guide hole 213 is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting hole 241.
  • the limiting ring 250 is fixed in the limiting hole 241.
  • the small valve needle 220 can reciprocate through the guide hole 213 and seal with the inner wall of the guide hole 213.
  • the limiting ring 250 and the small valve needle 220 stopper cooperate to prevent the small valve needle 220 from separating from the large valve needle part 210.
  • the relative movement distance of the small valve needle 220 and the valve needle body 240 is limited to prevent the two from separating, and the opening and closing of the small valve port 211 can be realized when the small valve needle 220 moves, and the small valve needle 220 drives the large valve needle part 210 to move, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the large valve port 101.
  • the small valve needle 220 includes a limiting section 221, a blocking section 222 and an annular stopper 223.
  • the blocking section 222 passes through the guide hole 213.
  • the end of the blocking section 222 is used to open and close the small valve port 211.
  • the limiting section 221 is located in the limiting hole 241.
  • the annular stopper 223 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the limiting section 221.
  • the annular stopper 223 is located between the bottom wall of the limiting hole 241 and the limiting ring 250.
  • the outer diameter of the annular stopper 223 is larger than the inner diameter of the guide hole 213 and the inner diameter of the limiting ring 250.
  • the outer diameter of the limiting section 221 is The relative movement distance between the small valve needle 220 and the valve needle body 240 is limited by the cooperation of the annular stopper 223 and the limiting ring 250 .
  • the small valve needle 220 is an integrated structure, which is easy to process and has good coaxiality.
  • the valve needle body 240 is an integrated structure, which is easy to process and assemble, and the coaxiality of the valve needle body 240 and the small valve needle 220 is easy to ensure.
  • the valve needle body 240 reciprocates along the valve seat portion 100 and seals with the inner wall of the valve seat portion 100; thus, the valve needle body 240 can be guided by the inner wall of the valve seat portion 100.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300, which is fixedly connected to the limiting section 221 to drive the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle 210 to move back and forth; there is a gap between the outer wall of the screw assembly 300 and the inner wall of the limiting ring 250 to avoid resistance.
  • the large valve needle part 210 has a first channel 214, one end of the first channel 214 is connected to the large valve port 101, and the other end of the first channel 214 is connected to the cavity of the large valve needle part 210 away from the large valve port 101.
  • the first channel 214 can make the fluid pressure at both ends of the axial direction of the large valve needle part 210 and the two ends of the axial direction of the small valve needle 220 equal, avoiding or reducing the influence of the fluid pressure on the movement of the large valve needle part 210 and the small valve needle 220, making the opening and closing of the large valve port 101 and the small valve port 211 easier to operate.
  • the first channel 214 is set in the large valve needle part 210 instead of the small valve needle 220, which is convenient for processing. Since the diameter of the small valve needle 220 is small, this also avoids the influence of the opening on the strength of the small valve needle 220.
  • the large valve needle portion 210 includes a valve needle body 240 and a limiting ring 250
  • the limiting ring 250 is fixed in the valve needle body 240
  • the small valve needle 220 penetrates into the valve needle body 240
  • the limiting ring 250 and the small valve needle 220 stopper cooperate to prevent the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle portion 210 from separating
  • the valve needle body 240 has a first channel 214.
  • valve needle body 240 has a limiting hole 241 and a guide hole 213, the inner diameter of the guide hole 213 is smaller than the inner diameter of the limiting hole 241, the limiting ring 250 is fixed in the limiting hole 241, the small valve needle 220 can reciprocate through the guide hole 213 and seal with the inner wall of the guide hole 213, and the first channel 214 is connected to the limiting hole 241; that is, the first channel 214 is connected to the limiting hole 241 to realize the connection of the cavities at both ends of the large valve needle part 210.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300, which is fixedly connected to the small valve needle 220 to drive the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle part 210 to move back and forth.
  • the through hole on the limit ring 250 forms a second channel, one end of the second channel is connected to the first channel 214, and the other end of the second channel is connected to the cavity of the large valve needle part 210 away from the large valve port 101; through the setting of the second channel, the limit ring 250 and the screw assembly 300 are prevented from obstructing the flow of fluid.
  • the electronic expansion valve further includes a valve tube 400 and a nut assembly 500, both of which are fixedly connected to the valve seat portion 100, and the nut assembly 500 is located in the cavity of the valve tube 400, and the outer wall of the nut assembly 500 is connected to the valve seat portion 100.
  • the cavity between the inner walls of the tube 400 is the rotor cavity, and the first channel 214 is connected to the rotor cavity; the nut assembly 500 and the screw assembly 300 are threadedly connected; the screw assembly 300 is driven by electromagnetic force, and the screw assembly 300 moves axially through the cooperation of the threads when rotating, thereby opening and closing the valve port.
  • valve seat portion 100 has a third channel 103
  • the nut assembly 500 has a fourth channel 501, wherein the large valve port 101, the first channel 214, the second channel, the third channel 103, the fourth channel 501 and the rotor chamber are connected in sequence, and the first channel 214, the second channel, the third channel 103 and the fourth channel 501 constitute a balancing channel; in this way, the large valve port 101 and the rotor chamber are connected, which is conducive to achieving pressure balance and avoiding or reducing the fluid pressure from hindering the movement of the valve needle component 200.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has a valve seat ring 104, the screw assembly 300 passes through the valve seat ring 104, and the third channel 103 is located in the valve seat ring 104; in this way, the valve seat ring 104 can guide and limit the screw assembly 300, and avoid the existence of the valve seat ring 104 hindering the flow of fluid.
  • the valve seat ring 104 includes a cylindrical structure and an annular structure, the annular structure is located on the outer circumference of the cylindrical structure, the screw assembly 300 passes through the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure guides the screw assembly 300, and the third channel 103 runs through the annular structure.
  • the nut assembly 500 includes a nut body 510 and a connecting plate 520, the connecting plate 520 is sleeved on the nut body 510, the connecting plate 520 is fixedly connected to the valve seat portion 100, and the opening or slot on the connecting plate 520 forms the fourth channel 501.
  • the nut assembly 500 and the valve seat portion 100 are fixedly connected through the connecting plate 520, and the connecting plate 520 is prevented from hindering the flow of fluid.
  • the valve seat ring 104 penetrates into the nut body 510, which is conducive to ensuring the coaxiality of the nut body 510 and the screw assembly 300.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has a large sealing gasket 110, which is arranged around the large valve port 101.
  • the large valve port 101 is closed when the end of the large valve needle portion 210 abuts against the large sealing gasket 110.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 is made of soft material. In this way, the contact area is large during sealing, the sealing is reliable, and leakage is avoided.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has an annular assembly groove, which surrounds the large valve port 101 and accommodates the large sealing gasket 110; the large valve port 101 is closed when the end of the large valve needle portion 210 abuts against the large sealing gasket 110; wherein the surface where the large sealing gasket 110 cooperates with the large valve needle portion 210 is a sealing surface 111, and the sealing surface 111 is arranged at the opening of the annular assembly groove, and the cavity volume of the annular assembly groove is larger than the volume of the large sealing gasket 110 located in the annular assembly groove.
  • the cavity volume of the annular assembly groove is larger than the volume of the large sealing gasket 110 located in the annular assembly groove, so that the annular assembly groove can accommodate the deformation of the large sealing gasket 110, ensuring that the sealing surface of the large sealing gasket 110 is not easily deformed, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the large sealing gasket and improving the long-term use reliability of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the sealing surface 111 is exposed to the annular assembly groove, and the rest of the surface of the large sealing gasket 110 is located in the annular assembly groove. In this way, only the sealing surface 111 of the large sealing gasket 110 that cooperates with the large valve needle 210 is exposed to the annular assembly groove, and the rest of the surface of the large sealing gasket 110 is located in the annular assembly groove. In this way, the exposed surface of the large sealing gasket 110 is very small, and it is not easy to deform even if it is cold or hot, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the large sealing gasket 110 and improving the reliability of the electronic expansion valve in long-term use.
  • the mating surface between the large valve needle portion 210 and the sealing surface 111 is an arc-shaped surface, which can increase the contact area and improve the sealing effect.
  • At least one annular surface of the large sealing gasket 110 in the annular assembly groove is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the annular assembly groove. This can ensure the sealing effect and prevent the electronic expansion valve from leaking.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 can drive the large sealing gasket to expand after being heated.
  • the outer circumference of 110 and the inner wall of the shaped assembly groove have an interference fit to enhance the sealing effect.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 contracts when cold, the inner circumference of the large sealing gasket 110 can be driven to have an interference fit with the inner wall of the shaped assembly groove to enhance the sealing effect.
  • the gap between the outer wall of the large sealing gasket 110 in the annular assembly groove and the inner wall of the annular assembly groove constitutes at least one buffer cavity.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 is heated and expanded in a high-temperature working environment, and the deformation of the large sealing gasket 110 can be accommodated by the buffer cavity to prevent the expansion from affecting the sealing effect.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 is made of soft material.
  • the valve seat portion 100 includes a large valve seat 120 and a small valve seat 130, the valve needle component 200 is movably disposed in the large valve seat 120, the small valve seat 130 is connected to the large valve seat 120, the small valve seat 130 has a large valve port 101, and an annular assembly groove is provided between the small valve seat 130 and the large valve seat 120.
  • the valve seat portion 100 is a split structure, which is convenient for forming an annular assembly groove, so that the large sealing gasket 110 is easy to assemble.
  • the small valve seat 130 has a first annular step 131, the annular side wall of the first annular step 131 and the inner circumferential surface of the large sealing gasket 110 are limited and matched, and the bottom wall of the first annular step 131 and the surface of the large sealing gasket 110 away from the large valve needle part 210 are limited and matched.
  • the first annular step 131 can limit and wrap the large sealing gasket 110 in the axial direction.
  • the annular inner wall of the large valve seat 120 and the outer peripheral surface of the large sealing gasket 110 are limitedly matched, so that the large sealing gasket 110 can be limited and wrapped in the radial direction.
  • the annular inner wall of the large valve seat 120 is provided with a pressure ring 121, and the pressure ring 121 and the large sealing gasket 110 are limitedly matched on the side facing the large valve needle portion 210.
  • the pressure ring 121 can limit the large sealing gasket 110 in the axial direction, and reduce the exposed surface of the large sealing gasket 110, so that the large sealing gasket 110 is not easily deformed even when it is cold or hot, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the large sealing gasket 110.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 has a second annular step 112, which is arranged around the sealing surface 111, the end surface of the pressure ring 121 and the bottom wall of the second annular step 112 are limited in position, and the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring 121 and the annular side wall of the second annular step 112 are limited in position.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 can be limited in both radial and axial directions, thereby improving the fixing effect of the large sealing gasket 110.
  • the inner circumference of the pressure ring 121 has a first chamfer 1211 at one end facing the bottom wall of the second annular step 112, and a first gap is formed between the first chamfer 1211 and the large sealing gasket 110;
  • the inner circumference of the large sealing gasket 110 has a second chamfer 114 at one end facing away from the large valve needle part 210, and a second gap is formed between the second chamfer 114 and the large sealing gasket 110;
  • the outer circumference of the large sealing gasket 110 has a third chamfer 115 at one end facing the large valve needle part 210, and a third gap is formed between the third chamfer 115 and the large sealing gasket 110, and the first gap, the second gap and the third gap are all buffer chambers.
  • a buffer cavity is formed at each chamfer, so that the deformation of the large sealing gasket 110 can be accommodated when the large sealing gasket 110 expands due to heat, thereby avoiding the unevenness of the sealing surface due to expansion, thereby avoiding the expansion of the large sealing gasket 110 affecting the sealing effect.
  • a portion of the small valve seat 130 penetrates into the large valve seat 120.
  • the small valve seat 130 and the large valve seat 120 can be welded after interference fit.
  • the interference fit can ensure high coaxiality, reliable connection, and good sealing.
  • a plurality of flow holes 102 are distributed in the circumference of the large valve seat 120.
  • the flow holes 102 are connected to the cavity in the large valve seat 120.
  • the flow holes 102 are used to transport fluid.
  • the flow hole 102 of the valve seat portion 100 can be used to connect with a pipe, or communicate with a cavity in other seat structures.
  • the large valve port 101 can be used to connect with a pipe, or communicate with a cavity in other seat structures.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has a large sealing gasket 110 and a reinforced sealing ring 140.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 is arranged around the large valve opening 101, and the reinforced sealing ring 140 is arranged between the large sealing gasket 110 and the inner wall of the valve seat portion 100.
  • the large valve opening 101 is closed when the end of the large valve needle portion 210 abuts against the large sealing gasket 110.
  • the contact area is large during sealing, the sealing is reliable, and leakage is avoided.
  • the reinforced sealing ring 140 the sealing effect is further improved.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has an annular assembly groove, and the surface on which the large sealing gasket 110 cooperates with the large valve needle portion 210 is a sealing surface 111.
  • the sealing surface 111 is exposed from the annular assembly groove, and the remaining surfaces of the large sealing gasket 110 are all located in the annular assembly groove; in this way, reliable positioning of the large sealing gasket 110 is achieved, and when the pressure or temperature changes, the large sealing gasket 110 is not easy to deform, damage or fail, and has a long service life.
  • the valve seat portion 100 includes a large valve seat 120 and a small valve seat 130, the valve needle component 200 is movably arranged in the large valve seat 120, the small valve seat 130 and the large valve seat 120 are fixedly connected, the small valve seat 130 has a large valve port 101, and an annular assembly groove is provided between the small valve seat 130 and the large valve seat 120, the large sealing gasket 110 and the reinforced sealing ring 140 are clamped in the annular assembly groove, and the reinforced sealing ring 140 abuts against the inner wall of the annular assembly groove; in this way, the valve seat portion 100 is a split structure, which is convenient for forming the annular assembly groove, so that the large sealing gasket 110 and the reinforced sealing ring 140 are easy to assemble.
  • the large sealing gasket 110 has a third annular step 113 on the side facing away from the large valve needle portion 210, and the reinforced sealing ring 140 is installed in the third annular step 113.
  • the reinforced sealing ring 140 abuts against the large valve seat 120 and/or the small valve seat 130; the third annular step 113 is used to accommodate the reinforced sealing ring 140 and also serves to limit the reinforced sealing ring 140.
  • the small valve seat 130 has a first annular step 131, the annular side wall of the first annular step 131 and the inner circumference of the large sealing gasket 110 are limited and matched, the bottom wall of the first annular step 131 and the surface of the large sealing gasket 110 away from the large valve needle 210 are limited and matched, and the reinforcing sealing ring 140 is in contact with the bottom wall of the first annular step 131.
  • the first annular step 131 realizes reliable limiting of the large sealing gasket 110, and the sealing effect is improved by the cooperation between the reinforcing sealing ring 140 and the first annular step 131.
  • the large valve needle portion 210 includes a valve needle body 240 and a small sealing gasket 260 arranged in the valve needle body 240, and the small sealing gasket 260 has a small valve port 211; the small sealing gasket 260 is made of a soft material; in this way, the contact area between the small valve needle 220 and the small sealing gasket 260 is large, and the sealing effect is good, thereby avoiding leakage when closing the small valve port 211.
  • the valve needle body 240 has an assembly groove 242 , the opening of the assembly groove 242 faces the large valve port 101 , and the small sealing gasket 260 is located in the assembly groove 242 ; the assembly groove 242 facilitates the installation of the small sealing gasket 260 .
  • the bottom wall of the assembly groove 242 has an annular limiting surface, and the small sealing gasket 260 abuts against the annular limiting surface; thus, the small sealing gasket 260 can be limited in the axial direction.
  • the large valve needle portion 210 further includes a limiting sleeve 270.
  • the small sealing pad 260 and the limiting sleeve 270 are both located in the valve needle body 240. At least part of the small sealing pad 260 is located between the valve needle body 240 and the limiting sleeve 270.
  • the small sealing pad 260 has a small valve
  • the valve needle body 240 is used to open and close the large valve port 101
  • the small valve needle 220 is used to open and close the small valve port 211
  • the inner circumferential surface of the limiting sleeve 270 has a rounded corner or chamfered end facing the large valve port 101.
  • the small valve needle 220 and the small sealing gasket 260 cooperate to achieve reliable sealing of the small valve port 211, and the small sealing gasket 260 is fixed by the limiting sleeve 270. Since the inner circumference of the limiting sleeve 270 has a rounded corner or chamfer at one end facing the large valve port 101, the fluid has little resistance when passing through the rounded corner or chamfer, avoiding fluid collision and emergency turning, thereby reducing the noise of the fluid passing through the small valve port 211 and the limiting sleeve 270, and reducing the noise of the electronic expansion valve. Among them, the limiting sleeve 270, the small sealing gasket 260 and the small valve needle 220 are coaxially arranged.
  • the valve needle body 240 has an assembly groove 242 , the opening of the assembly groove 242 faces the large valve port 101 , and the small sealing gasket 260 is located in the assembly groove 242 ; the assembly groove 242 facilitates the installation of the small sealing gasket 260 .
  • the bottom wall of the assembly groove 242 has an annular limiting surface, and the small sealing gasket 260 abuts against the annular limiting surface; thus, the small sealing gasket 260 can be limited in the axial direction.
  • the limiting sleeve 270 is located in the assembly groove 242, and the outer circumference of the limiting sleeve 270 and the inner circumference of the assembly groove 242 are interference-fitted and/or welded. This matching method is reliable and has high coaxiality.
  • the end of the outer peripheral surface of the small sealing gasket 260 facing away from the large valve port 101 has a chamfer; this makes it easier to press the small sealing gasket 260 into the assembly groove 242.
  • the end of the valve needle body 240 facing the large valve port 101 has an avoidance groove 243, and the assembly groove 242 is located at the bottom wall of the avoidance groove 243; the valve seat portion 100 has a large sealing gasket 110 surrounding the large valve port 101, and the opening edge of the avoidance groove 243 is sealed with the end of the large sealing gasket 110.
  • the end surface of the limiting sleeve 270 facing the large valve port 101 is flush with the bottom wall of the avoidance groove 243, or the end surface of the limiting sleeve 270 facing the large valve port 101 protrudes from the bottom wall of the avoidance groove 243.
  • the end surface of the limiting sleeve 270 is flush with the bottom wall of the avoidance groove 243 to avoid resistance to the fluid due to uneven connection position, and it is easy to limit the pressing depth when the limiting sleeve 270 is pressed into the assembly groove 242, and the assembly is convenient.
  • the welding portion is far away from the end of the large valve needle portion 210 (that is, the sealing end used for sealing), so that the welding heat can be prevented from affecting the sealing end of the large valve needle portion 210, thereby preventing the sealing end of the large valve needle portion 210 from being deformed by heat.
  • the small sealing pad 260 is made of soft material, so that the sealing effect is better.
  • the end of the outer peripheral surface of the small sealing pad 260 away from the large valve port 101 has a chamfer, which makes it easy to press the small sealing pad 260 into the assembly groove 242.
  • the side wall of the valve seat portion 100 has a flow hole 102
  • the large valve needle portion 210 has a side opening 212 and a flow cavity 215, one end of the side opening 212 is connected to the flow hole 102, and the other end of the side opening 212 is connected to the flow cavity 215, at least part of the small valve needle 220 is located in the flow cavity 215, and when the small valve port 211 is opened, the small valve port 211 is connected to the flow cavity 215; one end of the side opening 212 connected to the flow cavity 215 is located in the middle of the side wall of the flow cavity 215, and there are multiple side openings 212, and the multiple side openings 212 are distributed along the circumference of the large valve needle portion 210.
  • the flow cavity 215 can be used to achieve communication with one or more side openings 212.
  • the side opening 212 extends in the radial direction of the large valve needle portion 210.
  • the aperture of each side opening 212 is smaller than the aperture of the flow cavity 215 , so that the fluid can be buffered after entering the flow cavity 215 with a larger size from the side opening 212 with a smaller size.
  • the end of the side opening 212 that is connected to the flow chamber 215 is located in the middle of the side wall of the flow chamber 215; burrs are easily generated at the end of the side opening 212, and the end of the side opening 212 that is connected to the flow chamber 215 is set in the middle of the side wall of the flow chamber 215, so that the burrs of the side opening 212 are easily removed when processing the flow chamber 215.
  • the valve needle component 200 has a first channel 214, one end of the first channel 214 is connected to the large valve port 101, and the other end of the first channel 214 is connected to the cavity of the large valve needle part 210 away from the large valve port 101; in this way, the fluid pressure at both ends of the large valve needle part 210 is equal, so that the difference in fluid pressure at both ends of the large valve needle part 210 is small, which reduces the influence of the fluid pressure on the switch valve port and facilitates operation.
  • the valve seat 100 has a guide inner wall, a second inner sealing ring is arranged between the large valve needle 210 and the guide inner wall, and the outer wall of the large valve needle 210 is movably sealed by the second inner sealing ring and the guide inner wall; the end of the large valve needle 210 facing the large valve port 101 is a sealing end, and the valve seat 100 has a large sealing pad 110 surrounding the large valve port 101, and the sealing end and the position where the large sealing pad 110 just contacts form an annular sealing line, and the diameter of the annular sealing line is equal to the outer diameter of the second inner sealing ring.
  • the axial ends of the large valve needle 210 have equal contact areas with the fluid, and the axial ends of the large valve needle 210 are subjected to equal fluid pressure, achieving pressure balance, making the switch valve port smoother and more reliable.
  • the valve needle component 200 further includes a large elastic member 280, which is located in the cavity of the valve seat portion 100, and is located on the side of the large valve needle portion 210 away from the large valve port 101.
  • a large elastic member 280 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat portion 100, and the other end of the large elastic member 280 abuts against the large valve needle portion 210; the large elastic member 280 can apply a force toward the large valve port 101 to the large valve needle portion 210, thereby improving the closing effect of the large valve port 101 and avoiding leakage due to poor valve port closing.
  • the large elastic member 280 is a spring, and the large elastic member 280 is in a compressed state.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has a valve seat ring 104, and one end of the large elastic member 280 abuts against the valve seat ring 104; thus, the axial direction of the large elastic member 280 can be limited.
  • the valve seat ring 104 includes a cylindrical structure and an annular structure, the annular structure is located on the outer circumference of the cylindrical structure, the screw assembly 300 passes through the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure guides the screw assembly 300, and one end of the large elastic member 280 abuts against the annular structure.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300, which is fixedly connected to the small valve needle 220 to drive the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle 210 to move back and forth.
  • the screw assembly 300 passes through the large elastic member 280; the screw assembly 300 passes through the valve seat ring 104; the valve seat ring 104 can guide and limit the screw assembly 300.
  • the large valve needle portion 210 includes a valve needle body 240 and a limiting ring 250.
  • the limiting ring 250 is fixed in the limiting hole 241 of the valve needle body 240.
  • the other end of the large elastic member 280 abuts against the limiting ring 250.
  • a portion of the large elastic member 280 is located in the limiting hole 241.
  • the limiting hole 241 has a radial limiting effect on the large elastic member 280.
  • the limiting ring 250 can bear the pressure of the large elastic member 280, thereby transmitting the pressure to the valve needle body 240.
  • the screw assembly 300 passes through the limiting ring 250, and/or the small valve needle 220 passes through the limiting ring 250; the small valve needle 220 and the limiting ring 250 are axially limited.
  • the limiting ring 250 can also limit the small valve needle 220 to prevent the small valve needle 220 from being separated from the valve needle body 240.
  • the large valve needle part 210 includes a valve needle body 240 and a small sealing gasket 260 disposed in the valve needle body 240, and the small sealing gasket 260 has a small valve port 211; the small valve needle 220 has a tapered section 224, and the tapered section 224 is used to seal with the inner surface of the small valve port 211; with this arrangement, the contact area between the tapered section 224 and the small sealing gasket 260 is large, and the sealing effect on the small valve port 211 is good.
  • the small valve needle 220 has the tapered section 224, by adjusting the relative position of the tapered section 224 and the small valve port 211, the opening and flow change of the small valve port 211 can be adjusted, and it is easy to achieve a flow curve that meets the needs.
  • the inner wall of the small valve port 211 has a chamfered section 261, and the chamfered section 261 is used for sealing cooperation with the conical section 224; the cone angle of the chamfered section 261 is greater than the cone angle of the conical section 224; through the cooperation between the chamfered section 261 and the conical section 224, on the one hand, the sealing effect of closing the small valve port 211 is improved, and on the other hand, it is easier to achieve the required flow curve.
  • the conical surface on the outer wall of the small valve needle 220 is easy to machine, so that the conical surface in the small valve port 211 can be machined to be relatively short and easy to machine and inspect, thereby reducing the difficulty of machining and inspection and improving the yield rate.
  • the valve needle body 240 has a guide hole 213, and the small valve needle 220 has a blocking section 222.
  • the blocking section 222 can axially move through the guide hole 213.
  • the blocking section 222 has a tapered section 224, and the small end diameter of the tapered section 224 is smaller than the diameter of the equal-diameter section of the blocking section 222.
  • the side wall of the valve seat part 100 has a flow hole 102
  • the valve needle body 240 has a side opening 212.
  • One end of the side opening 212 is connected to the flow hole 102.
  • the valve needle component 200 also includes a first inner sealing ring 231, the sealing section 222 has a first inner sealing groove, the first inner sealing ring 231 is installed in the first inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the first inner sealing ring 231 abuts against the inner wall of the guide hole 213; the first inner sealing ring 231 can seal the gap between the inner wall of the guide hole 213 and the outer wall of the sealing section 222 to avoid leakage.
  • the friction force between the first inner sealing ring 231 and the inner wall of the guide hole 213 is F1
  • the resultant force of the fluid force in the valve seat portion 100 on the small valve needle 220 is F2, wherein F1 ⁇ F2; that is, in this solution, the force of the fluid on the small valve needle 220 is always greater than the friction force on the small valve needle 220, so that whether in the process of opening or closing the valve, the resultant force of the friction force and the fluid force on the small valve needle 220 is always in a certain direction, such as upward or downward, and the direction of the resultant force on the small valve needle 220 during the movement will not change.
  • the small valve needle 220 also has a limiting section 221, which is located on the side of the guide hole 213 away from the large valve port 101 and connected to the blocking section 222.
  • the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300 and a nut assembly 500, which are threadedly connected to the nut assembly 500.
  • the screw assembly 300 and the nut assembly 500 are fixedly connected to the limiting section 221 to drive the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle 210 to move back and forth. There is a thread gap between the threaded matching position of the screw assembly 300 and the nut assembly 500.
  • the resultant force received by the small valve needle 220 is transmitted to the threaded mating position, and the small valve needle 220 will move along the thread gap.
  • the resultant force received by the small valve needle 220 is always in a single direction.
  • the screw assembly 300 and the nut assembly 500 can always abut against each other in one direction of the threaded mating position, thereby avoiding the screw assembly 300 from moving along the thread gap, thereby avoiding the movement of the small valve needle 220, thereby ensuring the stability of the small valve needle 220 in opening and closing the small valve port 211, and ensuring the consistency and stability of the flow curves of opening and closing the small valve port 211.
  • the screw assembly 300 includes a screw 310, an assembly sleeve 320, a bearing 330 and a small elastic member 350.
  • the screw 310 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 330, and the outer ring of the bearing 330 is located in the assembly sleeve 320.
  • One end of the small elastic member 350 is limitedly matched with the bearing 330, and the other end of the small elastic member 350 is abutted against the limiting section 221.
  • the small elastic member 350 applies a force toward the small valve port 211 to the small valve needle 220, and the assembly sleeve 320 and the limiting section 221 are fixedly connected; the valve seat portion 100 has a valve seat ring 104, and the assembly sleeve 320 reciprocates along the inner wall of the valve seat ring 104; the small elastic member 350 can improve the reliability of the small valve needle 220 in closing the small valve port 211, and can play a role in buffering and protection, and the reciprocating movement of the assembly sleeve 320 can be guided by the valve seat ring 104.
  • the force exerted by the small elastic member 350 on the small valve needle 220 is F3, wherein F1+F2 ⁇ F3. This prevents the force exerted by the fluid on the small valve needle 220 from lifting the small valve needle 220, thereby ensuring the reliability of closing the small valve port 211.
  • the valve needle component 200 further includes a large elastic member 280, which is located in the cavity of the valve seat portion 100, and is located on the side of the large valve needle portion 210 away from the large valve port 101.
  • a large elastic member 280 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat portion 100, and the other end of the large elastic member 280 abuts against the large valve needle portion 210; the large elastic member 280 is sleeved outside the assembly sleeve 320.
  • the large elastic member 280 applies elastic force to the large valve needle portion 210 to ensure the closing reliability of the large valve port 101.
  • the above assembly method has a compact structure and avoids the electronic expansion valve from being too large.
  • the valve seat portion 100 includes a large valve seat 120 and a small valve seat 130, the valve needle component 200 is movably arranged in the large valve seat 120, the small valve seat 130 and the large valve seat 120 are fixedly connected, and the small valve seat 130 has a large valve port 101; a plurality of flow holes 102 are distributed in the circumferential direction of the large valve seat 120, and the flow holes 102 are connected to the cavity in the large valve seat 120.
  • the flow hole 102 of the valve seat portion 100 can be used to connect with a pipe, or communicate with a cavity in other seat structures.
  • the large valve port 101 can be used to connect with a pipe, or communicate with a cavity in other seat structures.
  • the valve seat portion 100 further includes a first outer sealing ring 151.
  • the outer wall of the large valve seat 120 has a first outer sealing groove.
  • the first outer sealing ring 151 is installed in the first outer sealing groove.
  • the valve seat portion 100 can be sealed by the first outer sealing ring 151.
  • the valve seat portion 100 further includes a second outer sealing ring 152.
  • the outer wall of the small valve seat 130 has a second outer sealing groove.
  • the second outer sealing ring 152 is installed in the second outer sealing groove.
  • the flow hole 102 is located between the first outer sealing ring 151 and the second outer sealing ring 152.
  • the large valve needle portion 210 has a side opening 212 and a flow chamber 215. One end of the side opening 212 is connected to the flow hole 102, and the other end of the side opening 212 is connected to the flow chamber 215.
  • the small valve needle 220 passes through the flow chamber 215. When the small valve port 211 is opened, the small valve port 211 is connected to the flow chamber 215.
  • the flow chamber 215 can be used to connect with one or more side openings 212.
  • the end of the side opening 212 communicating with the flow chamber 215 is located in the middle of the side wall of the flow chamber 215; the end of the side opening 212 is prone to burrs, so the end of the side opening 212 communicating with the flow chamber 215 is located in the middle of the side wall of the flow chamber 215.
  • There are multiple side openings 212 which are distributed along the circumference of the large valve needle 210 ; the side openings 212 extend along the radial direction of the large valve needle 210 .
  • the valve needle component 200 has a first channel 214, one end of the first channel 214 is connected to the large valve port 101, and the other end of the first channel 214 is connected to the cavity of the large valve needle part 210 away from the large valve port 101; in this way, the fluid pressure at both ends of the large valve needle part 210 is equal, so that the difference in fluid pressure at both ends of the large valve needle part 210 is small, which reduces the influence of the fluid pressure on the switch valve port and facilitates operation.
  • the valve seat portion 100 has a guiding inner wall, the large valve needle portion 210 reciprocates along the guiding inner wall, and the outer wall of the large valve needle portion 210 and the guiding inner wall are sealed together; the end of the large valve needle portion 210 facing the large valve port 101 is a sealing end, and the valve seat portion 100 has a large sealing gasket 110, and the large sealing gasket 110 is arranged around the large valve port 101.
  • annular sealing line is formed at the position where the sealing end and the large sealing gasket 110 just contact, and the diameter of the annular sealing line is equal to the inner diameter of the guiding inner wall; in this way, the axial ends of the large valve needle portion 210 have equal contact areas with the fluid, and the axial ends of the large valve needle portion 210 are subjected to equal fluid pressures, thereby achieving pressure balance, making the switching of the valve port smoother and more reliable.
  • the valve needle component 200 also includes a second inner sealing ring 232.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the large valve needle part 210 has a second inner sealing groove.
  • the second inner sealing ring 232 is installed in the second inner sealing groove, and the outer wall of the second inner sealing ring 232 abuts against the inner wall of the valve seat part 100; this can avoid internal leakage.
  • the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle part 210 are matched in axial limiting, and the electronic expansion valve also includes a screw assembly 300, and the screw assembly 300 and the small valve needle 220 are fixedly connected to drive the small valve needle 220 and the large valve needle part 210 to move back and forth.
  • the screw assembly 300 includes a screw 310, an assembly sleeve 320, a bearing 330, a bushing 340 and a small elastic member 350.
  • the screw 310 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 330, the outer ring of the bearing 330 is located in the assembly sleeve 320 and is limited by the assembly sleeve 320, the bushing 340 and the outer ring of the bearing 330 abut against the side facing the large valve port 101, the small elastic member 350 is sleeved on the bushing 340, and the end of the small elastic member 350 away from the bearing 330 abuts against the small valve needle 220, and the assembly sleeve 320 and the small valve needle 220 are fixedly connected; the small elastic member 350 can apply a pre-tightening force toward the small valve port 211 to the small valve needle 220, so that the small valve port 211 can be reliably closed to avoid leakage, and the small elastic member 350 also has a buffering effect to
  • the bushing 340 has a through hole, and the through hole of the bushing 340 avoids the inner ring of the bearing 330 and the end of the screw 310; or, the bushing 340 has a groove, and the opening of the groove of the bushing 340 faces the screw 310, the groove of the bushing 340 avoids the inner ring of the bearing 330 and the end of the screw 310, and the end of the bushing 340 facing the large valve port 101 is a solid structure; setting the end of the bushing 340 facing the large valve port 101 as a solid structure can prevent impurities from entering the bearing 330, thereby increasing the service life of the bearing 330.
  • the assembly sleeve 320 includes an assembly cylinder and an annular stop wall.
  • the annular stop wall is located at one end of the assembly cylinder away from the large valve port 101.
  • a part of the small valve needle 220 penetrates into the assembly cylinder and is fixedly connected to the assembly cylinder.
  • the outer ring of the bearing 330 abuts against the annular stop wall. In this way, the fixed installation of the bearing 330 can be achieved.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种电子膨胀阀，包括：阀座部；阀针部件，设置在阀座部的阀腔内，阀针部件包括大阀针部和小阀针，大阀针部包括阀针主体，阀针主体内具有小阀口，小阀针用于关闭小阀口；阀针主体具有导向孔，小阀针与导向孔内壁之间设有第一内密封圈，小阀针通过第一内密封圈与导向孔内壁活动密封配合；小阀针与小阀口相互贴合的位置形成密封部，小阀针远离密封部的一端所在阀腔与小阀口连通；密封部的最大直径小于第一内密封圈的外径或密封部的最大直径小于第一内密封圈的内径。该方案使得小阀针在静止或运动的过程中始终受到进口流体与出口流体之间产生的压力差，消除螺杆相对螺母套转动至同一位置，阀针相对阀口的位置存在误差的问题。

Description

电子膨胀阀
本申请要求于2022年12月12日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202211591592.X、名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权；本申请要求于2023年3月21日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202310307328.7、名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权；本申请要求于2023年3月21日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202320590688.8、名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权；本申请要求于2023年3月21日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202320575377.4、名称为“电子膨胀阀”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及电子膨胀阀技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电子膨胀阀。
背景技术
目前，在空调、冰箱、热泵热水器等各类制冷、制热设备中，通常采用电子膨胀阀调节流体的流量。电子膨胀阀通常由阀座部、阀针部件等结构组成，通过阀针部件的移动，调节阀口的开度，实现流通控制。
公开号为CN216742910U的中国专利公开了一种电子膨胀阀，包括：阀座部件；阀套，阀套和阀座部件连接；阀针部件，设置在阀座部件内，阀针部件包括主体部和小阀针，主体部具有小阀口，小阀针可移动地设置以调节小阀口的开度；驱动部件，设置在阀座部件和阀套的腔体内，驱动部件位于阀套内的结构和阀套的内壁之间的区域形成转子腔，驱动部件和小阀针驱动连接；平衡通道，平衡通道将转子腔和小阀口连通，由于是内平衡结构，小阀针在关闭小阀口或上下运动的过程中，小阀针受到的流体作用力基本为零；小阀针在上下运动的过程中还受到第一密封圈施加的摩檫力，摩擦力的方向随小阀针运动的方向改变而改变，并且作用至小阀针上的摩擦力会传递给螺杆；当螺杆相对螺母组件向上运动时，螺母套的螺纹的上侧面与螺杆的螺纹的上侧面相接触，当螺杆相对螺母套向下运动时，螺母套的螺纹的下侧面与螺杆的螺纹的下侧面相接触，这样导致螺杆在向下、向上移动过程中，当螺杆相对螺母套转动至同一位置时，螺杆相对螺母套的位置受螺纹间隙的影响而存在误差，从而导致阀针相对阀口的位置存在误差，进而导致电子膨胀阀的流量控制精度低，小阀针在上下运动的过程中受到的摩檫力无法解决阀针相对阀口的位置误差，同时摩擦力方向的改变还会增加螺杆运动过程的不稳定性。因此，完全平衡的小阀针不利于解决螺杆在向下、向上移动过程中，当螺杆相对电子膨胀阀的螺母套转动至同一位置，阀针相对阀口的位置存在误差的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种电子膨胀阀，以解决现有技术的电子膨胀阀中螺杆在向下、向上移动过程中，当螺杆相对螺母套转动至同一位置，阀针相对阀口的位置存在误差的问题。
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种电子膨胀阀，包括：阀座部；阀针部件，设置在阀座部的腔体内，阀针部件包括大阀针部和小阀针，大阀针部包括阀针主体，阀针主体内具有小阀口，小阀针用于关闭小阀口；阀针主体具有导向孔，小阀针与导向孔内壁之间设有第一内密封圈，小阀针通过第一内密封圈与导向孔内壁活动密封配合；小阀针与小阀口抵接的位置形成密封部，小阀针远离密封部的一端所在阀腔与小阀口连通；其中，第一内密封圈位于小阀针外壁的第一内密封槽内，密封部的最大直径小于第一内密封圈的外径；或，第一内密封圈位于导向孔内壁的第一内密封槽内，密封部的最大直径小于第一内密封圈的内径。
进一步地，第一内密封圈位于导向孔内壁的第一内密封槽内时，第一内密封圈和小阀针的外壁之间的摩擦力为F1，小阀针受到阀座部内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2；第一内密封圈位于小阀针外壁的第一内密封槽内时，第一内密封圈和导向孔的内壁之间的摩擦力为F1，小阀针受到阀座部内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2。
进一步地，电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件，螺杆组件包括小弹性件；小弹性件的一端和小阀针抵接；小阀口关闭时，小弹性件对小阀针施加朝向小阀口的作用力为密封预紧力，密封预紧力的最小值为F3，F1+F2＜F3。
进一步地，小阀针具有封堵段，封堵段可轴向移动地穿过导向孔，封堵段具有第一内密封槽，第一内密封圈安装于第一内密封槽，且第一内密封圈的外壁和导向孔的内壁抵接。
进一步地，小阀针具有锥形段，锥形段与小阀口相互贴合的位置形成密封部。
进一步地，大阀针部还包括设置在阀针主体内的小密封垫，小阀口包括小密封垫内的通孔，通孔的内壁与小阀针的锥形段密封配合；通孔朝向第一内密封圈的一端具有倒角面。
进一步地，小阀针还具有限位段，限位段位于导向孔背离小阀口的一侧并和封堵段连接，限位段所在的阀腔与小阀口连通。
进一步地，阀座部具有大阀口，阀针主体用于关闭大阀口；阀针主体设有平衡通道，阀针主体远离大阀口的一端所在的阀腔通过平衡通道与大阀口连通；小阀针远离密封部的一端所在的阀腔通过平衡通道与小阀口连通；大阀口与小阀口连通。
进一步地，大阀针部还包括限位环，限位环固定在阀针主体内，小阀针穿入阀针主体，限位环和小阀针止挡配合，以阻止小阀针和大阀针部分离。
进一步地，阀针主体还具有限位孔，导向孔的内径小于限位孔的内径，限位环固定在限位孔内，小阀针远离密封部的一端位于限位孔内。
与现有技术相比，本发明具备的有益效果为：
(1)小阀针在静止或运动的过程中始终受到进口流体与出口流体之间产生的压力差，不再保持平衡，压力差最后传递给电子膨胀阀的螺杆，从而有利于解决螺杆在向下、向上移动过程中，当螺杆相对电子膨胀阀的螺母套转动至同一位置，阀针相对阀口的位置存在误差的问题；
(2)小阀针受到的摩擦力为F1，小阀针受到阀座部内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2，在相同的流体流通状态下，可保证无论小阀针向上运动还是向下运动，小阀针受到的F1与F2的合力始终为一个方向；
(3)小阀针施加朝向小阀口的密封预紧力的最小值为F3，F1+F2＜F3，可保证当小阀针关闭小阀口时，F1与F2的合力不至于将小阀针顶开；
(4)小阀针的锥形段与小阀口密封配合，锥形段可进行流量调节，小阀口对锥形段进行支撑，小阀针密封小阀口时位置稳定，可保证电子膨胀阀的小阀针在低脉冲小流量调节状态下，流量曲线处的拐点精度高、拐点所在的脉冲范围小，增强小阀针流量调节的精度；
(5)通孔朝向第一内密封圈的一端具有倒角面，便于小阀针穿入小阀口，同时可增强与小阀针之间的密封性能，减缓密封时小阀针对小阀口造成的磨损。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了本发明的实施例提供的电子膨胀阀的结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中的电子膨胀阀的局部放大图；
图3示出了本发明的实施例提供的电子膨胀阀中的大密封垫的另一种结构示意图；
图4示出了图1中的电子膨胀阀中部分结构的示意图；
图5示出了图1中的电子膨胀阀中的阀针主体的剖视图；
图6示出了图1中的电子膨胀阀的流量曲线示意图；
图7示出了本发明的实施例提供的电子膨胀阀中螺杆和螺母主体的配合示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
100、阀座部；101、大阀口；102、流通孔；103、第三通道；104、阀座环；105、密封部；110、大密封垫；111、密封面；112、第二环形台阶；113、第三环形台阶；114、第二倒角；115、第三倒角；120、大阀座；121、压环；1211、第一倒角；130、小阀座；131、第一环形台阶；140、加强密封圈；151、第一外密封圈；152、第二外密封圈；
200、阀针部件；210、大阀针部；211、小阀口；212、侧开孔；213、导向孔；214、第一通道；215、流通腔；220、小阀针；221、限位段；222、封堵段；223、环形止挡件；224、锥形段；231、第一内密封圈；232、第二内密封圈；240、阀针主体；241、限位孔；242、装配凹槽；243、避让凹槽；250、限位环；260、小密封垫；261、倒角段；270、限位套；280、大弹性件；
300、螺杆组件；310、螺杆；320、装配套；330、轴承；340、衬套；350、小弹性件；
400、阀管；
500、螺母组件；501、第四通道；510、螺母主体；520、连接板。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图7所示，本发明的实施例提供了一种电子膨胀阀，包括：阀座部100，阀座部100具有大阀口101；阀针部件200，设置在阀座部100的腔体内，阀针部件200包括大阀针部210和小阀针220，大阀针部210具有小阀口211，大阀针部210用于开闭大阀口101，小阀针220用于开闭小阀口211。
采用该方案，通过小阀针220的轴向移动来调节小阀口211的开度，从而实现小流量的调节；通过大阀针部210封堵或避让大阀口101来实现大流量的通断。其中，当电子膨胀阀处在关闭状态时，小阀针220封堵小阀口211，大阀针部210封堵大阀口101；当电子膨胀阀处在流量调节状态时，小阀针220轴向移动以调节小阀口211的开度，大阀针部210封堵大阀口101，实现小流量调节；当电子膨胀阀处在全开状态时，小阀针220移动至完全避让小阀口211后，小阀针220带动大阀针部210进行轴向移动，直至大阀针部210完全避让大阀口101，从而实现了全开状态。
其中，大阀针部210包括阀针主体240，阀针主体240具有小阀口211，小阀针220用于关闭小阀口211；阀针主体240具有导向孔213，小阀针220与导向孔213内壁之间设有第一内密封圈231，小阀针220通过第一内密封圈231与导向孔213内壁活动密封配合；小阀针220与小阀口211抵接的位置形成密封部105，小阀针220远离密封部105的一端所在阀腔与小阀口211连通；其中，第一内密封圈231位于小阀针220外壁的第一内密封槽内，密封部105的最大直径小于第一内密封圈231的外径；或，第一内密封圈231位于导向孔213内壁的第一内密封槽内，密封部105的最大直径小于第一内密封圈231的内径。
在该方案的上述两种第一内密封圈231的安装方式中，密封部105的最大直径小于第一内密封圈231的外径，或密封部105的最大直径小于第一内密封圈231的内径，使得小阀针220在静止或运动的过程中始终受到进口流体与出口流体之间产生的压力差，不再保持平衡，压力差最后传递给电子膨胀阀的螺杆，从而消除螺杆在向下、向上移动过程中，当螺杆相对电子膨胀阀的螺母套转动至同一位置，阀针相对阀口的位置存在误差的问题。
其中，大阀针部210与阀座部100可一体设置，或将大阀针部210与阀座部100固定连接，或大阀针部210属于阀座部100的一部分；或大阀针部210可移动。
其中，小阀针220在移动过程中，小阀针220受到的摩擦力为F1，小阀针220受到阀座部100内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2。即本方案中流体对小阀针220的作用力总大于小阀针220受到的摩擦力，这样无论是在开阀还是关阀过程中，小阀针220受到的摩擦力和流体力的合力总是在一个确定的方向，例如向上或向下，小阀针220在移动过程中受到的力的合力方向不会发生变化。电子膨胀阀在装配中，在小阀针220的轴向难免存在装配间隙(如图7所示)，若小阀针220在移动过程中受到的力的合力方向发生变化，会导致小阀针220发生轴向窜动(窜动距离为装配间隙的距离)，这导致了开关阀不稳定，会影响流量曲线的准确性。通过本方案中F1＜F2的限定，避免了产生小阀针220发生轴向窜动的问题。
具体地，小阀针220具有锥形段224，锥形段224与小阀口211抵接的位置形成密封部105。。并且，小阀针220的锥形段224与小阀口211密封配合，锥形段224可进行流量调节，小阀口211对锥形段224进行支撑，小阀针220密封小阀口211时位置稳定，可保证电子膨胀阀的小阀针220在低脉冲小流量调节状态下，流量曲线处的拐点精度高、拐点所在的脉冲范围小，增强小阀针220流量调节的精度。
其中，大阀针部210还包括设置在阀针主体240内的小密封垫260，小阀口211包括小密封垫260内的通孔，通孔的内壁与小阀针220的锥形段224密封配合；通孔朝向第一内密封圈231的一端具有倒角面。通孔朝向第一内密封圈231的一端具有倒角面，便于小阀针220穿入小阀口211，同时可增强与小阀针220之间的密封性能，减缓密封时小阀针220对小阀口211造成的磨损。
其中，阀座部100具有大阀口101，阀针主体240用于关闭大阀口101；阀针主体240设有平衡通道，阀针主体240远离大阀口101的一端所在的阀腔通过平衡通道与大阀口101连通；小阀针220远离密封部105的一端所在的阀腔通过平衡通道与小阀口211连通；大阀口101与小阀口211连通。通过平衡通道可减小阀针部件200两端的流体压差，便于开闭阀口。通过设置大阀口101，由于大阀口101的直径较大，大阀口101在打开时可实现电子膨胀阀的大流量功能。
在一个具体实施例中，阀座部100具有大阀口101，大阀针部210包括阀针主体240和设置在阀针主体240内的小密封垫260，小密封垫260具有小阀口211，小阀口211的内表面具有直筒段；小阀针220具有锥形段224，锥形段224用于和直筒段的内表面密封配合，大阀针部210用于开闭大阀口101。
在该方案中，通过小阀针220的锥形段224的锥形面和小密封垫260中直筒段的内表面的配合实现了对小阀口211的可靠密封，并且，本方案中锥形面设置在小阀针220的锥形段224，而不是设置在小密封垫260内，与现有技术相比，密封用的锥形面为外表面而不是内表面，这样锥形面容易精确加工和测量，降低了生产难度，提高了成品率，从而降低了电子膨胀阀的生产成本。
其中，直筒段的直径小于锥形段224的大端直径，且大于锥形段224的小端直径。这样锥形段224插入直筒段后，锥形段224的一部分位于直筒段内，另一部分位于直筒段外，密封效果更好。
小阀口211的内表面还具有倒角段261，倒角段261的锥角大于锥形段224的锥角。通过倒角段261可去除小阀口211边沿的毛刺，并且对锥形段224穿入直筒段起到引导作用。
在本实施例中，阀针主体240具有导向孔213，小阀针220具有封堵段222，封堵段222可轴向移动地穿过导向孔213，封堵段222具有锥形段224，锥形段224的小端直径小于封堵段222的等径段的直径。这样通过导向孔213和封堵段222的配合，对小阀针220的移动起到了导向和限位的作用。
在本实施例中，阀针部件200还包括第一内密封圈231，封堵段222具有第一内密封槽，第一内密封圈231安装于第一内密封槽，且第一内密封圈231的外壁和导向孔213的内壁抵接。这样通过第一内密封圈231可起到密封作用，避免内漏。
本方案中，由于锥形段224的存在，小阀针220在小阀口211的密封位置的受力面积小于小阀针220在导向孔213内的受力面积，这样与大阀口101连通的流体对小阀针220的作用力的合力总是朝向小阀口211。
电子膨胀阀中，流体从流通孔102进入并从大阀口101输出的情况下，流通孔102处的流体压力大于大阀口101处的流体压力，流通孔102处的流体对小阀针220的作用力向上(即背离大阀口101方向)并且力比较大，大阀口101处的流体对小阀针220的作用力的合力向下(即朝向大阀口101方向)，电子膨胀阀内流体对小阀针220的总作用力F2向上，小阀针220在开阀时受到的摩擦力为F1向下，在关阀时F1向上，F1＜F2，这样小阀针220无论是开阀还是关阀，F1和F2的合力总是向上，即小阀针220受到的合力是单一方向，不会发生变化，避免了小阀针220在移动过程中发生轴向窜动的问题。
相应地，流体从流通孔102流出并从大阀口101流入的情况下，流通孔102处的流体压力小于大阀口101处的流体压力，流通孔102处的流体对小阀针220的作用力向上(即背离大阀口101方向)，大阀口101处的流体对小阀针220的作用力的合力向下(即朝向大阀口101方向)并且力比较大，电子膨胀阀内流体对小阀针220的总作用力F2向下，小阀针220在开阀时受到的摩擦力为F1向下，在关阀时F1向上，F1＜F2，这样小阀针220无论是开阀还是关阀，F1和F2的合力总是向下，即小阀针220受到的合力是单一方向，不会发生变化，避免了小阀针220在移动过程中发生轴向窜动的问题。
阀针部件200还包括第二内密封圈232，大阀针部210具有第二内密封槽，第二内密封圈232安装于第二内密封槽，且第二内密封圈232的外壁和阀座部100的内壁抵接。通过第二内密封圈232可对大阀针部210的周向进行密封，避免内漏。阀针主体240与大阀口101之间密封区域的尺寸与第二内密封圈232的外径基本相等，保证阀针主体240在阀腔内的受力平衡。
电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300，螺杆组件300包括小弹性件350；小弹性件350的一端和小阀针220抵接；小阀口211关闭时，小弹性件350对小阀针220施加朝向小阀口211的作用力为密封预紧力，密封预紧力的最小值为F3，F1+F2＜F3。
具体地，螺杆组件300还包括螺杆310、装配套320、轴承330，螺杆310和轴承330的内圈连接，轴承330的外圈位于装配套320内，小弹性件350的一端和轴承330限位配合，小弹性件350的另一端和限位段221抵接。
通过小弹性件350可提高小阀针220关闭小阀口211的可靠性，并且可以起到缓冲和防护的作用，通过阀座环104可对装配套320的往复移动进行导向。F1+F2＜F3，避免了流体对小阀针220施加的作用力将小阀针220顶起，保证了关闭小阀口211的可靠性。
其中，阀座部100具有阀座环104，装配套320沿阀座环104内壁往复移动，通过阀座环104可对装配套320起到导向作用。
本实施例的使用原理为：
流体从流通孔102进入，从小阀口211流出时，第一内密封圈231与密封部105之间的小阀针220受到流通孔102进入的高压流体作用力，方向沿电子膨胀阀轴向且远离小阀口211，第一内密封圈231与密封部105之间的小阀针220受到小阀口211处的低压流体作用力，方向沿电子膨胀阀轴向且靠近小阀口211，因小阀针220锥形段224的设置，高压流体作用力与低压流体作用力的合力为F2，F2的方向始终沿电子膨胀阀轴向且远离小阀口211；当小阀针220靠近小阀口211运动时，小阀针220内的第一内密封圈231受到的摩擦力F1沿电子膨胀阀轴向且远离小阀口211，F1与F2的方向相同，小阀针220受到F1与F2的合力沿电子膨胀阀轴向且远离小阀口211；当小阀针220远离小阀口211运动时，小阀针220内的第一内密封圈231受到的摩擦力F1沿电子膨胀阀轴向且靠近小阀口211，因F1小于F2，小阀针220受到F1与F2的合力沿电子膨胀阀轴向且远离小阀口211；因此，小阀针220向上运动还是向下运动，小阀针220受到流体作用力与摩擦力的合力方向始终一致，流体作用力与摩擦力的合力作用于螺杆，使螺杆的螺纹的上侧面始终保持与螺母套的螺纹的上侧面相抵接。流体从流通孔102流出，从小阀口211进入时，小阀针220向上运动还是向下运动，小阀针220受到流体作用力与摩擦力的合力方向始终一致，均为沿电子膨胀阀轴向且靠近小阀口211，流体作用力与摩擦力的合力作用于螺杆，使螺杆的螺纹的下侧面始终保持与螺母的螺纹的下侧面相抵接。
阀座部100的侧壁具有流通孔102，大阀针部210具有侧开孔212，侧开孔212和流通孔102连通；电子膨胀阀具有关闭状态、流量调节状态和全开状态，在关闭状态，小阀针220封堵小阀口211，小阀口211和侧开孔212不连通，大阀针部210封堵大阀口101，大阀口101和流通孔102不连通；在流量调节状态，大阀针部210封堵大阀口101，小阀针220通过轴向移动调节小阀口211的开度，大阀口101通过小阀口211和侧开孔212连通；在全开状态，大阀针部210打开大阀口101，大阀口101和流通孔102直接连通；这样该电子膨胀阀具有小流量调节功能以及大流量通断功能。
其中，大阀针部210内具有导向孔213，导向孔213位于小阀口211背离大阀口101的一侧，小阀针220可往复移动地穿过导向孔213并与导向孔213的内壁密封配合，通过导向孔213可对小阀针220的移动进行导向。
阀针部件200还包括第一内密封圈231，小阀针220具有第一内密封槽，第一内密封圈231安装于第一内密封槽，且第一内密封圈231的外壁和阀座部100的内壁抵接；这样可起到密封作用，避免内漏。
阀针部件200还包括第二内密封圈232，大阀针部210具有第二内密封槽，第二内密封圈232安装于第二内密封槽，且第二内密封圈232的外壁和阀座部100的内壁抵接；第二内密封圈232对大阀针部210起到密封作用。
小阀针220和大阀针部210在轴向限位配合，电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300，螺杆组件300和小阀针220固定连接，以驱动小阀针220、大阀针部210往返移动，这样实现了小阀口211和大阀口101的开闭动作。
例如图6所示，图6中纵坐标为电子膨胀阀的流量，横坐标可以理解为阀口的开度，或阀针的行程，或螺杆组件300的行程。在横坐标的值约为320的位置是小阀口211和大阀口101的开闭分界线。其中，在横坐标的值小于320的位置小阀口211单独开闭，实现了精确的小流量调节功能(此种情况下具有节流效果)，在横坐标的值大于320的位置大阀口101逐渐打开，流量迅速增大，实现了大流量功能(大阀口101完全打开无节流效果)。当然，电子膨胀阀的实际流量曲线不限于图6的形式，具体可根据工况和客户的需要进行调整。调整方式为，改变阀口尺寸、阀口内壁形状、阀针尺寸以及阀针外壁形状等。现有技术中有阀口处的密封垫设有与小阀针配合进行流量调节的锥面，小阀针无锥面设置，当小阀针闭合且压紧在小阀口处时，容易造成密封垫的锥面变形，从而造成小阀针的位置下移，因此，容易造成拐点值的位置不确定，从而流量调节精度低。本结构将流量调节的锥面设置于小阀针220，拐点值稳定，流量调节精度高。
在本申请中，大阀针部210包括阀针主体240和限位环250，阀针主体240具有限位孔241和导向孔213，导向孔213的内径小于限位孔241的内径，限位环250固定在限位孔241内；小阀针220可往复移动地穿过导向孔213并与导向孔213的内壁密封配合，限位环250和小阀针220止挡配合，以阻止小阀针220和大阀针部210分离；这样通过小阀针220和限位环250的配合，限定了小阀针220和阀针主体240的相对运动距离，避免两者脱离，并且可实现小阀针220在运动时小阀口211的开闭，以及小阀针220带动大阀针部210移动，从而实现大阀口101的开闭。
具体地，小阀针220包括限位段221、封堵段222和环形止挡件223，封堵段222穿过导向孔213，封堵段222的端部用于开闭小阀口211，限位段221位于限位孔241内，环形止挡件223固定在限位段221的外周面，环形止挡件223位于限位孔241的底壁和限位环250之间，环形止挡件223的外径大于导向孔213的内径、限位环250的内径，限位段221的外径 小于限位孔241的内径；通过环形止挡件223和限位环250的配合限定了小阀针220和阀针主体240的相对运动距离。
其中，环形止挡件223和限位孔241的底壁之间具有间隙，这样可保证小阀针220的顺畅移动。
限位孔241内具有限位台阶，限位环250的端面和限位台阶抵接；限位环250的外壁和限位孔241的内壁过盈配合和/或焊接；采用此种结构，实现了限位环250和阀针主体240的可靠连接。
在本方案中，小阀针220为一体式结构，这样便于加工，同轴度好。阀针主体240为一体式结构，这样便于加工，并且装配方便，阀针主体240和小阀针220的同轴度容易保证。阀针主体240沿阀座部100往复移动并与阀座部100的内壁密封配合；这样可通过阀座部100的内壁对阀针主体240导向。
电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300，螺杆组件300和限位段221固定连接，以驱动小阀针220、大阀针部210往返移动；螺杆组件300的外壁和限位环250的内壁之间具有间隙，避免产生阻力。
在本申请中，大阀针部210内具有第一通道214，第一通道214的一端和大阀口101连通，第一通道214的另一端和大阀针部210背离大阀口101一侧的腔体连通，通过第一通道214可使得大阀针部210轴向的两端、小阀针220轴向的两端流体压强相等，避免或减少了流体压力对大阀针部210以及小阀针220的运动影响，使得大阀口101以及小阀口211的开闭更加容易操作。并且，将第一通道214设置在大阀针部210内而不是小阀针220内，便于加工。由于小阀针220直径较小，这样还避免了因开孔影响小阀针220的强度。
具体地，大阀针部210包括阀针主体240和限位环250，限位环250固定在阀针主体240内，小阀针220穿入阀针主体240，限位环250和小阀针220止挡配合，以阻止小阀针220和大阀针部210分离，阀针主体240具有第一通道214。
进一步地，阀针主体240具有限位孔241和导向孔213，导向孔213的内径小于限位孔241的内径，限位环250固定在限位孔241内，小阀针220可往复移动地穿过导向孔213并与导向孔213的内壁密封配合，第一通道214和限位孔241连通；即第一通道214通过和限位孔241连通实现将大阀针部210两端的腔体连通。
在本实施例中，电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300，螺杆组件300和小阀针220固定连接，以驱动小阀针220、大阀针部210往返移动，限位环250上的通孔形成第二通道，第二通道的一端和第一通道214连通，第二通道的另一端和大阀针部210背离大阀口101一侧的腔体连通；通过第二通道的设置，避免了限位环250和螺杆组件300阻碍流体流动。
在本实施例中，电子膨胀阀还包括阀管400和螺母组件500，阀管400和螺母组件500均和阀座部100固定连接，且螺母组件500位于阀管400的腔体内，螺母组件500的外壁和阀 管400的内壁之间的腔体为转子腔，第一通道214和转子腔连通；螺母组件500和螺杆组件300螺纹连接；螺杆组件300通过电磁力驱动，螺杆组件300在转动时通过螺纹的配合发生轴向移动，从而使阀口开闭。
进一步地，阀座部100具有第三通道103，螺母组件500具有第四通道501，其中，大阀口101、第一通道214、第二通道、第三通道103、第四通道501和转子腔依次连通，第一通道214、第二通道、第三通道103和第四通道501组成平衡通道；这样实现了大阀口101和转子腔连通，有利于实现压力平衡，避免或减少了流体压力阻碍阀针部件200的移动。
阀座部100具有阀座环104，螺杆组件300穿过阀座环104，第三通道103位于阀座环104；这样阀座环104可对螺杆组件300具有导向和限位的作用，并且避免了阀座环104的存在阻碍流体流动。其中，阀座环104包括筒状结构和环状结构，环状结构位于筒状结构的外周面，螺杆组件300穿过筒状结构，筒状结构对螺杆组件300导向，第三通道103贯穿环状结构。
具体地，螺母组件500包括螺母主体510和连接板520，连接板520套设在螺母主体510上，连接板520和阀座部100固定连接，连接板520上的开孔或开槽形成第四通道501。这样通过连接板520实现了螺母组件500和阀座部100的固定连接，并且避免了连接板520阻碍流体流动。并且，阀座环104穿入螺母主体510内，有利于保证螺母主体510和螺杆组件300的同轴度。
在本申请中，阀座部100具有大密封垫110，大密封垫110围绕大阀口101设置，大阀针部210的端部和大密封垫110抵接的情况下关闭大阀口101，大密封垫110由软质材料制成；这样在密封时接触面积大，密封可靠，避免了泄露。
阀座部100具有环形装配槽，环形装配槽围绕大阀口101且容纳大密封垫110；大阀针部210的端部和大密封垫110抵接的情况下关闭大阀口101；其中，大密封垫110与大阀针部210配合的表面为密封面111，密封面111设置于环形装配槽的开口处，环形装配槽的腔体体积大于位于环形装配槽内的大密封垫110的体积。
采用该方案，环形装配槽的腔体体积大于位于环形装配槽内的大密封垫110的体积，这样环形装配槽可容纳大密封垫110的变形量，保证大密封垫110的密封面不易变形，因此保证了大密封垫的密封性能，提高了电子膨胀阀长期使用的可靠性。
进一步地，密封面111外露于环形装配槽，大密封垫110的其余表面均位于环形装配槽内。这样大密封垫110只有与大阀针部210配合的密封面111外露于环形装配槽，大密封垫110的其余表面均位于环形装配槽内，这样大密封垫110的外露面很少，即使受冷或受热也不容易发生形变，因此保证了大密封垫110的密封性能，提高了电子膨胀阀长期使用的可靠性。
大阀针部210和密封面111配合的面为弧形面，这样可以增大接触面积，提高密封效果。
其中，大密封垫110位于环形装配槽内的至少一个环形表面和环形装配槽的内壁过盈配合。这样可保证密封效果，避免电子膨胀阀泄露。大密封垫110受热膨胀后可驱动大密封垫 110的外周面与形装配槽的内壁过盈配合，加强密封效果。大密封垫110遇冷收缩后可驱动大密封垫110的内周面与形装配槽的内壁过盈配合，加强密封效果。
在本实施例中，位于环形装配槽内的大密封垫110外壁与环形装配槽内壁之间的间隙构成至少一个缓冲腔。大密封垫110在高温工作环境受热膨胀，通过缓冲腔可容纳大密封垫110的变形量，避免膨胀影响密封效果。其中，大密封垫110由软质材料制成。
在本实施例中，阀座部100包括大阀座120和小阀座130，阀针部件200活动设置在大阀座120内，小阀座130和大阀座120连接，小阀座130具有大阀口101，小阀座130和大阀座120之间具有环形装配槽。这样阀座部100为分体结构，便于形成环形装配槽，使大密封垫110容易装配。
具体地，小阀座130具有第一环形台阶131，第一环形台阶131的环形侧壁和大密封垫110的内周面限位配合，第一环形台阶131的底壁和大密封垫110背离大阀针部210一侧的表面限位配合。通过第一环形台阶131可在轴向对大密封垫110起到限位和包裹作用。
其中，大阀座120的环形内壁和大密封垫110的外周面限位配合，这样可在径向对大密封垫110起到限位和包裹作用。
大阀座120的环形内壁具有压环121，压环121和大密封垫110朝向大阀针部210的一侧限位配合。通过压环121可在轴向对大密封垫110起到限位作用，并且减少了大密封垫110的外露表面，这样大密封垫110即使受冷或受热也不容易发生形变，保证了大密封垫110的密封性能。
在本实施例中，大密封垫110具有第二环形台阶112，第二环形台阶112围绕密封面111设置，压环121的端面和第二环形台阶112的底壁限位配合，压环121的内周面和第二环形台阶112的环形侧壁限位配合。通过第二环形台阶112和压环121的配合，能够在径向和轴向均对大密封垫110限位，提高了对大密封垫110的固定效果。
其中，压环121的内周面朝向第二环形台阶112的底壁的一端具有第一倒角1211，第一倒角1211与大密封垫110之间具有第一间隙；大密封垫110的内周面背离大阀针部210的一端具有第二倒角114，第二倒角114与大密封垫110之间具有第二间隙；大密封垫110的外周面朝向大阀针部210的一端具有第三倒角115，第三倒角115与大密封垫110之间具有第三间隙，第一间隙、第二间隙、第三间隙均为缓冲腔。
通过设置倒角，一方面有利于大密封垫110的装配，另一方面，每个倒角处形成一个缓冲腔，这样大密封垫110在受热膨胀时可容纳大密封垫110的变形量，避免密封面因膨胀不平整，从而避免了大密封垫110的膨胀影响密封效果。
在本实施例中，小阀座130的一部分穿入大阀座120内，小阀座130和大阀座120过盈配合后可再焊接，过盈配合可保证同轴度高，连接可靠，并且密封性好。大阀座120的周向上分布有多个流通孔102，流通孔102连通大阀座120内的腔体，流通孔102用于输送流体。
阀座部100的流通孔102可用于与接管连接，或者与其他座体结构内的腔体连通。大阀口101可用于与接管连接，或者与其他座体结构内的腔体连通。
在本申请的另一实施例中，阀座部100具有大密封垫110和加强密封圈140，大密封垫110围绕大阀口101设置，加强密封圈140设置在大密封垫110和阀座部100的内壁之间，大阀针部210的端部和大密封垫110抵接的情况下关闭大阀口101；通过大密封垫110，在密封时接触面积大，密封可靠，避免了泄露，通过设置加强密封圈140，进一步提高了密封效果。
阀座部100具有环形装配槽，大密封垫110与大阀针部210配合的表面为密封面111，密封面111外露于环形装配槽，大密封垫110的其余表面均位于环形装配槽内；这样实现了对大密封垫110的可靠限位，在压力变化或温度变化时，大密封垫110不容易变形，不易损坏和失效，使用寿命长。
阀座部100包括大阀座120和小阀座130，阀针部件200活动设置在大阀座120内，小阀座130和大阀座120固定连接，小阀座130具有大阀口101，小阀座130和大阀座120之间具有环形装配槽，大密封垫110和加强密封圈140被夹在环形装配槽内，加强密封圈140和环形装配槽的内壁抵接；这样阀座部100为分体结构，便于形成环形装配槽，使大密封垫110和加强密封圈140容易装配。
进一步地，大密封垫110背离大阀针部210的一侧具有第三环形台阶113，加强密封圈140安装于第三环形台阶113内，加强密封圈140与大阀座120抵接和/或与小阀座130抵接；第三环形台阶113既用于容纳加强密封圈140，又对加强密封圈140起到了限位作用。
小阀座130具有第一环形台阶131，第一环形台阶131的环形侧壁和大密封垫110的内周面限位配合，第一环形台阶131的底壁和大密封垫110背离大阀针部210一侧的表面限位配合，加强密封圈140与第一环形台阶131的底壁抵接。这样第一环形台阶131实现了对大密封垫110的可靠限位，并且通过加强密封圈140与第一环形台阶131的配合提高了密封效果。
在本申请中，大阀针部210包括阀针主体240和设置在阀针主体240内的小密封垫260，小密封垫260具有小阀口211；小密封垫260由软质材料制成；这样小阀针220与小密封垫260接触面积大，密封效果好，避免了关闭小阀口211时发生泄露。
阀针主体240具有装配凹槽242，装配凹槽242的开口朝向大阀口101，小密封垫260位于装配凹槽242内；通过装配凹槽242便于安装小密封垫260。
装配凹槽242的底壁具有环形限位面，小密封垫260和环形限位面抵接；这样可在轴向对小密封垫260进行限位。
进一步地，大阀针部210还包括限位套270，小密封垫260、限位套270均位于阀针主体240内，至少部分小密封垫260位于阀针主体240与限位套270之间，小密封垫260具有小阀 口211，阀针主体240用于开闭大阀口101，小阀针220用于开闭小阀口211，限位套270的内周面朝向大阀口101的一端具有圆角或倒角。
在本方案中，通过小阀针220和小密封垫260的配合实现了对小阀口211的可靠密封，通过限位套270对小密封垫260进行固定，由于限位套270的内周面朝向大阀口101的一端具有圆角或倒角，这样流体在经过圆角或倒角时阻力小，避免了流体撞击和紧急转向，从而减小流体经过小阀口211及限位套270时的噪音，减小了电子膨胀阀的噪音。其中，限位套270、小密封垫260和小阀针220同轴设置。
其中，阀针主体240具有装配凹槽242，装配凹槽242的开口朝向大阀口101，小密封垫260位于装配凹槽242内；通过装配凹槽242便于安装小密封垫260。
装配凹槽242的底壁具有环形限位面，小密封垫260和环形限位面抵接；这样可在轴向对小密封垫260进行限位。
并且，至少部分限位套270位于装配凹槽242内，限位套270的外周面和装配凹槽242的内周面过盈配合和/或焊接。此种配合方式连接可靠并且同轴度高。
小密封垫260的外周面背离大阀口101的一端具有倒角；这样便于将小密封垫260压入装配凹槽242内。
阀针主体240朝向大阀口101的一端具有避让凹槽243，装配凹槽242位于避让凹槽243的底壁；阀座部100具有围绕大阀口101的大密封垫110，避让凹槽243的开口边缘与大密封垫110的端部密封配合。限位套270朝向大阀口101的端面和避让凹槽243的底壁平齐，或限位套270朝向大阀口101的端面凸出于避让凹槽243的底壁。限位套270的端面和避让凹槽243的底壁平齐可避免因为连接位置不平对流体造成阻力，并且，在将限位套270压入装配凹槽242时容易限定压入深度，装配方便。并且，本方案中，装配凹槽242的内壁与限位套270焊接时，焊接部分距离大阀针部210的端部(也即用于密封的密封端)较远，这样可避免焊接热影响大阀针部210的密封端，从而避免大阀针部210的密封端受热变形。
小密封垫260由软质材料制成，这样密封效果更好。小密封垫260的外周面背离大阀口101的一端具有倒角，这样便于将小密封垫260压入装配凹槽242内。
在本实施例中，阀座部100的侧壁具有流通孔102，大阀针部210具有侧开孔212和流通腔215，侧开孔212的一端和流通孔102连通，侧开孔212的另一端和流通腔215连通，至少部分小阀针220位于流通腔215内，小阀口211打开的情况下，小阀口211和流通腔215连通；侧开孔212和流通腔215连通的一端位于流通腔215的侧壁中部，侧开孔212为多个，多个侧开孔212沿大阀针部210的周向分布。通过流通腔215可实现与一个或多个侧开孔212的连通。其中，侧开孔212沿大阀针部210的径向延伸。其中，每个侧开孔212的孔径均小于流通腔215的孔径，这样流体从尺寸较小的侧开孔212进入尺寸较大的流通腔215内后可进行缓冲。
侧开孔212和流通腔215连通的一端位于流通腔215的侧壁中部；侧开孔212的端部容易产生毛刺，将侧开孔212和流通腔215连通的一端设置在流通腔215的侧壁中部，这样在加工流通腔215时，容易去除侧开孔212的毛刺。
在本实施例中，阀针部件200具有第一通道214，第一通道214的一端和大阀口101连通，第一通道214的另一端和大阀针部210背离大阀口101一侧的腔体连通；这样大阀针部210两端的流体压强相等，使得大阀针部210两端受到的流体压力差值小，减少了流体压力对开关阀口的影响，容易进行操作。
具体地，阀座部100具有导向内壁，大阀针部210与导向内壁之间设有第二内密封圈，大阀针部210的外壁通过第二内密封圈和导向内壁活动密封配合；大阀针部210朝向大阀口101的一端为密封端，阀座部100具有围绕大阀口101的大密封垫110，密封端和大密封垫110刚接触的位置形成环形密封线，环形密封线的直径等于第二内密封圈的外径。这样大阀针部210的轴向两端与流体接触面积相等，大阀针部210的轴向两端受到的流体压力相等，实现了压力平衡，使开关阀口更加顺畅和可靠。
在本申请中，阀针部件200还包括大弹性件280，大弹性件280位于阀座部100的腔体内，大弹性件280位于大阀针部210背离大阀口101的一侧，大弹性件280的一端和阀座部100的内壁抵接，大弹性件280的另一端和大阀针部210抵接；通过大弹性件280可对大阀针部210施加朝向大阀口101的作用力，这样提高了对大阀口101的关闭效果，避免阀口关闭不良而泄露。具体地，大弹性件280为弹簧，大弹性件280处于压缩状态。
阀座部100具有阀座环104，大弹性件280的一端和阀座环104抵接；这样可对大弹性件280的轴向进行限位。其中，阀座环104包括筒状结构和环状结构，环状结构位于筒状结构的外周面，螺杆组件300穿过筒状结构，筒状结构对螺杆组件300导向，大弹性件280的一端和环状结构抵接。
电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300，螺杆组件300和小阀针220固定连接，以驱动小阀针220、大阀针部210往返移动，螺杆组件300穿过大弹性件280；螺杆组件300穿过阀座环104；阀座环104可对螺杆组件300起到导向和限位作用。
大阀针部210包括阀针主体240和限位环250，限位环250固定在阀针主体240的限位孔241内，大弹性件280的另一端和限位环250抵接；大弹性件280的一部分位于限位孔241内；限位孔241对大弹性件280在径向有限位作用，通过限位环250可承载大弹性件280的压力，从而将压力传递至阀针主体240。
螺杆组件300穿过限位环250，和/或小阀针220穿过限位环250；小阀针220和限位环250在轴向限位配合。通过限位环250还可对小阀针220限位，避免小阀针220与阀针主体240脱离。
在本申请中，大阀针部210包括阀针主体240和设置在阀针主体240内的小密封垫260，小密封垫260具有小阀口211；小阀针220具有锥形段224，锥形段224用于和小阀口211的内表面密封配合；采用此种设置，锥形段224和小密封垫260接触面积大，对小阀口211的密封效果好。并且，由于小阀针220具有锥形段224，通过调整锥形段224与小阀口211的相对位置，可调整小阀口211的开度和流量变化，容易实现满足需要的流量曲线。
其中，小阀口211的内壁具有倒角段261，倒角段261用于和锥形段224密封配合；倒角段261的锥角大于锥形段224的锥角；通过倒角段261和锥形段224的配合，一方面提高了在关闭小阀口211的密封效果，另一方面更容易实现需要的流量曲线。
并且，本方案中在小阀针220的外壁加工锥面容易加工，这样小阀口211内的锥面可以加工的比较短，也容易加工和检测，因此降低了加工和检测难度，提高了成品率。
阀针主体240具有导向孔213，小阀针220具有封堵段222，封堵段222可轴向移动地穿过导向孔213，封堵段222具有锥形段224，锥形段224的小端直径小于封堵段222的等径段的直径；通过导向孔213和封堵段222的配合，可对小阀针220的移动进行导向，保证小阀针220和小阀口211的同轴度。
其中，阀座部100的侧壁具有流通孔102，阀针主体240具有侧开孔212，侧开孔212的一端和流通孔102连通，小阀口211打开的情况下，小阀口211和侧开孔212的另一端连通；在小阀口211或大阀口101打开的情况下，大阀口101和流通孔102连通，从而实现流体的流通。
在本实施例中，阀针部件200还包括第一内密封圈231，封堵段222具有第一内密封槽，第一内密封圈231安装于第一内密封槽，且第一内密封圈231的外壁和导向孔213的内壁抵接；通过第一内密封圈231可密封导向孔213的内壁和封堵段222的外壁之间的间隙，避免泄露。
其中，小阀针220在移动过程中，第一内密封圈231和导向孔213的内壁之间的摩擦力为F1，小阀针220受到阀座部100内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2；即本方案中流体对小阀针220的作用力总大于小阀针220受到的摩擦力，这样无论是在开阀还是关阀过程中，小阀针220受到的摩擦力和流体力的合力总是在一个确定的方向，例如向上或向下，小阀针220在移动过程中受到的力的合力方向不会发生变化。电子膨胀阀在装配中，在小阀针220的轴向难免存在装配间隙，若小阀针220在移动过程中受到的力的合力方向发生变化，会导致小阀针220发生轴向窜动(窜动距离为装配间隙的距离)，这导致了开关阀不稳定，会影响流量曲线的准确性。通过本方案中F1＜F2的限定，避免了产生小阀针220发生轴向窜动的问题。
其中，小阀针220还具有限位段221，限位段221位于导向孔213背离大阀口101的一侧并和封堵段222连接，电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300和螺母组件500，螺杆组件300和螺母组件500螺纹连接，螺杆组件300和限位段221固定连接，以驱动小阀针220、大阀针部210往返移动。其中，螺杆组件300和螺母组件500的螺纹配合位置存在螺纹间隙，若小阀针220 在移动过程中合力发生变化，小阀针220受到的合力传递至螺纹配合位置，小阀针220会沿螺纹间隙窜动，通过上述方案的设置，小阀针220受到的合力总是单一方向，传递至螺纹配合位置时，总能够使螺杆组件300和螺母组件500在螺纹配合位置的一个方向相互抵接，避免了螺杆组件300沿螺纹间隙窜动，从而避免了小阀针220窜动，因此保证了小阀针220开关小阀口211的稳定性，保证了开小阀口211和关小阀口211流量曲线的一致性和稳定性。
具体地，螺杆组件300包括螺杆310、装配套320、轴承330和小弹性件350，螺杆310和轴承330的内圈连接，轴承330的外圈位于装配套320内，小弹性件350的一端和轴承330限位配合，小弹性件350的另一端和限位段221抵接，小弹性件350对小阀针220施加朝向小阀口211的力，装配套320和限位段221固定连接；阀座部100具有阀座环104，装配套320沿阀座环104内壁往复移动；通过小弹性件350可提高小阀针220关闭小阀口211的可靠性，并且可以起到缓冲和防护的作用，通过阀座环104可对装配套320的往复移动进行导向。
其中，小弹性件350对小阀针220的作用力为F3，其中，F1+F2＜F3。这样避免了流体对小阀针220施加的作用力将小阀针220顶起，保证了关闭小阀口211的可靠性。
阀针部件200还包括大弹性件280，大弹性件280位于阀座部100的腔体内，大弹性件280位于大阀针部210背离大阀口101的一侧，大弹性件280的一端和阀座部100的内壁抵接，大弹性件280的另一端和大阀针部210抵接；大弹性件280套设于装配套320外。大弹性件280对大阀针部210施加弹力，以保证大阀口101的关闭可靠性。上述装配方式结构紧凑，避免了电子膨胀阀体积过大。
在本申请中，阀座部100包括大阀座120和小阀座130，阀针部件200活动设置在大阀座120内，小阀座130和大阀座120固定连接，小阀座130具有大阀口101；大阀座120的周向上分布有多个流通孔102，流通孔102连通大阀座120内的腔体。
阀座部100的流通孔102可用于与接管连接，或者与其他座体结构内的腔体连通。大阀口101可用于与接管连接，或者与其他座体结构内的腔体连通。
阀座部100还包括第一外密封圈151，大阀座120的外壁具有第一外密封槽，第一外密封圈151安装于第一外密封槽内；这样可通过第一外密封圈151对阀座部100的外壁起到密封作用。阀座部100还包括第二外密封圈152，小阀座130的外壁具有第二外密封槽，第二外密封圈152安装于第二外密封槽内；流通孔102位于第一外密封圈151和第二外密封圈152之间；这样阀座部100在与其他座体结构连接时，能够起到良好的密封效果。
大阀针部210具有侧开孔212和流通腔215，侧开孔212的一端和流通孔102连通，侧开孔212的另一端和流通腔215连通，小阀针220穿过流通腔215，小阀口211打开的情况下，小阀口211和流通腔215连通；通过流通腔215可实现与一个或多个侧开孔212的连通。
侧开孔212和流通腔215连通的一端位于流通腔215的侧壁中部；侧开孔212的端部容易产生毛刺，将侧开孔212和流通腔215连通的一端设置在流通腔215的侧壁中部，这样在 加工流通腔215时，容易去除侧开孔212的毛刺。侧开孔212为多个，多个侧开孔212沿大阀针部210的周向分布；侧开孔212沿大阀针部210的径向延伸。
在本方案中，阀针部件200具有第一通道214，第一通道214的一端和大阀口101连通，第一通道214的另一端和大阀针部210背离大阀口101一侧的腔体连通；这样大阀针部210两端的流体压强相等，使得大阀针部210两端受到的流体压力差值小，减少了流体压力对开关阀口的影响，容易进行操作。
具体地，阀座部100具有导向内壁，大阀针部210沿导向内壁往复移动，且大阀针部210的外壁和导向内壁密封配合；大阀针部210朝向大阀口101的一端为密封端，阀座部100具有大密封垫110，大密封垫110围绕大阀口101设置，在密封端朝向大阀口101移动的过程中，密封端和大密封垫110刚接触的位置形成环形密封线，环形密封线的直径等于导向内壁的内径；这样大阀针部210的轴向两端与流体接触面积相等，大阀针部210的轴向两端受到的流体压力相等，实现了压力平衡，使开关阀口更加顺畅和可靠。
其中，阀针部件200还包括第二内密封圈232，大阀针部210的外周面具有第二内密封槽，第二内密封圈232安装于第二内密封槽，且第二内密封圈232的外壁和阀座部100的内壁抵接；这样可避免内漏。
其中，小阀针220和大阀针部210在轴向限位配合，电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件300，螺杆组件300和小阀针220固定连接，以驱动小阀针220、大阀针部210往返移动。
具体地，螺杆组件300包括螺杆310、装配套320、轴承330、衬套340和小弹性件350，螺杆310和轴承330的内圈连接，轴承330的外圈位于装配套320内并和装配套320限位配合，衬套340和轴承330的外圈朝向大阀口101的一侧抵接，小弹性件350套设在衬套340上，小弹性件350远离轴承330的一端和小阀针220抵接，装配套320和小阀针220固定连接；通过小弹性件350可对小阀针220施加朝向小阀口211的预紧力，这样可保证对小阀口211可靠关闭，避免泄露，并且小弹性件350还具有缓冲作用，避免螺杆310轴向位移过大造成结构损坏。
其中，衬套340具有通孔，衬套340的通孔避让轴承330的内圈和螺杆310的端部；或，衬套340具有凹槽，衬套340的凹槽的开口朝向螺杆310，衬套340的凹槽避让轴承330的内圈和螺杆310的端部，衬套340朝向大阀口101的一端为实心结构；将衬套340朝向大阀口101的一端设置为实心结构，可避免杂质进入到轴承330内，提高了轴承330的使用寿命。
其中，装配套320包括装配筒和环形止挡壁，环形止挡壁位于装配筒远离大阀口101的一端，小阀针220的一部分穿入装配筒内并和装配筒固定连接，轴承330的外圈和环形止挡壁抵接；这样可实现对轴承330的固定安装。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，包括：
    阀座部(100)，阀座部(100)具有阀腔；
    阀针部件(200)，设置在所述阀座部(100)的阀腔内，所述阀针部件(200)包括大阀针部(210)和小阀针(220)，所述大阀针部(210)包括阀针主体(240)，所述阀针主体(240)具有小阀口(211)，所述小阀针(220)用于关闭所述小阀口(211)；
    所述阀针主体(240)具有导向孔(213)，所述小阀针(220)与所述导向孔(213)内壁之间设有第一内密封圈(231)，所述小阀针(220)通过所述第一内密封圈(231)与所述导向孔(213)内壁活动密封配合；所述小阀针(220)与所述小阀口(211)抵接的位置形成密封部(105)，所述小阀针(220)远离所述密封部(105)的一端所在阀腔与所述小阀口(211)连通；
    其中，所述第一内密封圈(231)位于所述小阀针(220)外壁的第一内密封槽内，所述密封部(105)的最大直径小于所述第一内密封圈(231)的外径；或，所述第一内密封圈(231)位于所述导向孔(213)内壁的第一内密封槽内，所述密封部(105)的最大直径小于所述第一内密封圈(231)的内径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，
    所述第一内密封圈(231)位于所述导向孔(213)内壁的第一内密封槽内时，所述第一内密封圈(231)和所述小阀针(220)的外壁之间的摩擦力为F1，所述小阀针(220)受到所述阀座部(100)内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2；
    所述第一内密封圈(231)位于所述小阀针(220)外壁的第一内密封槽内时，所述第一内密封圈(231)和所述导向孔(213)的内壁之间的摩擦力为F1，所述小阀针(220)受到所述阀座部(100)内的流体作用力的合力为F2，其中，F1＜F2。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述电子膨胀阀还包括螺杆组件(300)，所述螺杆组件(300)包括小弹性件(350)；所述小弹性件(350)的一端和所述小阀针(220)抵接；所述小阀口(211)关闭时，所述小弹性件(350)对所述小阀针(220)施加朝向所述小阀口(211)的作用力为密封预紧力，所述密封预紧力的最小值为F3，F1+F2＜F3。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述小阀针(220)具有封堵段(222)，所述封堵段(222)可轴向移动地穿过所述导向孔(213)，所述封堵段(222)具有第一内密封槽，所述第一内密封圈(231)安装于所述第一内密封槽，且所述第一内密封圈(231)的外壁和所述导向孔(213)的内壁抵接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述小阀针(220)具有锥形段(224)，所述锥形段(224)与所述小阀口(211)抵接的位置形成所述密封部(105)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述大阀针部(210)还包括设置在所述阀针主体(240)内的小密封垫(260)，所述小阀口(211)包括所述小密封垫(260)内的通孔，所述通孔的内壁与所述小阀针(220)的锥形段(224)密封配合；所述通孔朝向所述第一内密封圈(231)的一端具有倒角面。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述小阀针(220)还具有限位段(221)，所述限位段(221)位于所述导向孔(213)背离所述小阀口(211)的一侧并和所述封堵段(222)连接，所述限位段(221)所在的阀腔与所述小阀口(211)连通。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)具有大阀口(101)，所述阀针主体(240)用于关闭所述大阀口(101)；所述阀针主体(240)设有平衡通道，所述阀针主体(240)远离所述大阀口(101)的一端所在的阀腔通过所述平衡通道与所述大阀口(101)连通；所述小阀针(220)远离所述密封部(105)的一端所在的阀腔通过所述平衡通道与所述小阀口(211)连通；所述大阀口(101)与所述小阀口(211)连通。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述大阀针部(210)还包括限位环(250)，所述限位环(250)固定在所述阀针主体(240)内，所述小阀针(220)穿入所述阀针主体(240)，所述限位环(250)和所述小阀针(220)止挡配合，以阻止所述小阀针(220)和所述大阀针部(210)分离。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针主体(240)还具有限位孔(241)，所述导向孔(213)的内径小于所述限位孔(241)的内径，所述限位环(250)固定在所述限位孔(241)内，所述小阀针(220)远离所述密封部(105)的一端位于所述限位孔(241)内。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)具有大阀口(101)、环形装配槽和大密封垫(110)，所述环形装配槽围绕所述大阀口(101)且容纳所述大密封垫(110)；所述大阀针部(210)的端部和所述大密封垫(110)抵接的情况下关闭所述大阀口(101)；其中，所述大密封垫(110)与所述大阀针部(210)配合的表面为密封面(111)，所述密封面(111)设置于所述环形装配槽的开口处，所述环形装配槽的腔体体积大于位于所述环形装配槽内的所述大密封垫(110)的体积。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述大密封垫(110)位于所述环形装配槽内的至少一个环形表面和所述环形装配槽的内壁过盈配合。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，位于所述环形装配槽内的所述大密封垫(110)的外壁与所述环形装配槽内壁之间的间隙构成至少一个缓冲腔。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)包括大阀座(120)和小阀座(130)，所述阀针部件(200)活动设置在所述大阀座(120)内，所述小阀座 (130)和所述大阀座(120)连接，所述小阀座(130)具有所述大阀口(101)，所述小阀座(130)和所述大阀座(120)之间具有所述环形装配槽。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述小阀座(130)具有第一环形台阶(131)，所述第一环形台阶(131)的环形侧壁和所述大密封垫(110)的内周面限位配合，所述第一环形台阶(131)的底壁和所述大密封垫(110)背离所述大阀针部(210)一侧的表面限位配合。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述大阀座(120)的环形内壁具有压环(121)，所述压环(121)和所述大密封垫(110)朝向所述大阀针部(210)的一侧限位配合。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述大密封垫(110)具有第二环形台阶(112)，所述第二环形台阶(112)围绕所述密封面(111)设置，所述压环(121)的端面和所述第二环形台阶(112)的底壁限位配合，所述压环(121)的内周面和所述第二环形台阶(112)的环形侧壁限位配合。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述压环(121)的内周面朝向所述第二环形台阶(112)的底壁的一端具有第一倒角(1211)，所述第一倒角(1211)与所述大密封垫(110)之间具有第一间隙；所述大密封垫(110)的内周面背离所述大阀针部(210)的一端具有第二倒角(114)，所述第二倒角(114)与所述大密封垫(110)之间具有第二间隙；所述大密封垫(110)的外周面朝向所述大阀针部(210)的一端具有第三倒角(115)，所述第三倒角(115)与所述大密封垫(110)之间具有第三间隙，所述第一间隙、所述第二间隙、所述第三间隙均为缓冲腔。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)还具有加强密封圈(140)，所述大密封垫(110)围绕所述大阀口(101)设置，所述加强密封圈(140)设置在所述大密封垫(110)和所述环形装配槽的内壁之间。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，
    所述阀座部(100)包括大阀座(120)和小阀座(130)，所述阀针部件(200)活动设置在所述大阀座(120)内，所述小阀座(130)和所述大阀座(120)连接，所述小阀座(130)具有所述大阀口(101)，所述小阀座(130)和所述大阀座(120)之间具有所述环形装配槽；
    所述大密封垫(110)背离所述大阀针部(210)的一侧具有第三环形台阶(113)，所述加强密封圈(140)安装于所述第三环形台阶(113)内，所述加强密封圈(140)与所述大阀座(120)抵接和/或与所述小阀座(130)抵接。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)具有大阀口(101)；所述大阀针部(210)还包括小密封垫(260)和限位套(270)；所述小密封垫(260)、所述限位套(270)均位于所述阀针主体(240)内，至少部分所述小密封垫(260)位于 所述阀针主体(240)与所述限位套(270)之间，所述小密封垫(260)具有所述小阀口(211)，所述阀针主体(240)用于开闭所述大阀口(101)，所述限位套(270)的内周面朝向所述大阀口(101)的一端具有圆角或倒角。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针主体(240)具有装配凹槽(242)，所述装配凹槽(242)的开口朝向所述大阀口(101)，所述小密封垫(260)位于所述装配凹槽(242)内。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，至少部分所述限位套(270)位于所述装配凹槽(242)内，所述限位套(270)的外周面和所述装配凹槽(242)的内周面过盈配合和/或焊接。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述限位套(270)的外周面朝向所述小密封垫(260)的一端具有倒角。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针主体(240)朝向所述大阀口(101)的一端具有避让凹槽(243)，所述装配凹槽(242)位于所述避让凹槽(243)的底壁；所述阀座部(100)具有围绕所述大阀口(101)的大密封垫(110)，所述避让凹槽(243)的开口边缘与所述大密封垫(110)的端部密封配合。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述限位套(270)朝向所述大阀口(101)的端面和所述避让凹槽(243)的底壁平齐，或所述限位套(270)朝向所述大阀口(101)的端面凸出于所述避让凹槽(243)的底壁。
  27. 根据权利要求22所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述小密封垫(260)由软质材料制成，所述小密封垫(260)的外周面背离所述大阀口(101)的一端具有倒角。
  28. 根据权利要求21所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)的侧壁具有流通孔(102)，所述大阀针部(210)具有侧开孔(212)和流通腔(215)，所述侧开孔(212)的一端和所述流通孔(102)连通，所述侧开孔(212)的另一端和所述流通腔(215)连通，至少部分所述小阀针(220)位于所述流通腔(215)内，所述小阀口(211)打开的情况下，所述小阀口(211)和所述流通腔(215)连通；所述侧开孔(212)和所述流通腔(215)连通的一端位于所述流通腔(215)的侧壁中部，所述侧开孔(212)为多个，多个所述侧开孔(212)沿所述大阀针部(210)的周向分布，每个所述侧开孔(212)的孔径均小于所述流通腔(215)的孔径。
  29. 根据权利要求21所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀座部(100)具有导向内壁，所述大阀针部(210)与所述导向内壁之间设有第二内密封圈，所述大阀针部(210)的外壁通过所述第二内密封圈和所述导向内壁活动密封配合；所述大阀针部(210)朝向所述大阀口(101)的一端为密封端，所述阀座部(100)具有围绕所述大阀口(101)的大密封垫(110)，所述密封端和所述大密封垫(110)刚接触的位置形成环形密封线，所述环形密封线的直径等于所述第二内密封圈的外径。
  30. 根据权利要求6所述的电子膨胀阀，其特征在于，所述阀针主体(240)具有导向孔(213)，所述小阀针(220)具有封堵段(222)，所述封堵段(222)可轴向移动地穿过所述导向孔(213)，所述封堵段(222)具有所述锥形段(224)，所述锥形段(224)的小端直径小于所述封堵段(222)的等径段的直径。
PCT/CN2023/138231 2022-12-12 2023-12-12 电子膨胀阀 Ceased WO2024125521A1 (zh)

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WO2025026403A1 (zh) * 2023-08-01 2025-02-06 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 阀结构
CN118224322A (zh) * 2023-08-31 2024-06-21 比亚迪股份有限公司 电子膨胀阀和热管理系统、车辆
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