WO2024135988A1 - 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to austenitic stainless steel, and more specifically, to an austenitic stainless steel that secures excellent yield strength by refining the grain size by controlling the alloy composition and precipitation phase, and to a method of manufacturing the same.
- Austenitic stainless steel has excellent formability, work hardening ability, and weldability and is used in a variety of applications such as transportation parts and construction parts.
- the current situation is that the yield strength of 304-series stainless steel or 301-series stainless steel is at the level of 200 to 350 MPa, which limits its application to structures.
- a general method is to go through a temper rolling process.
- the temper rolling process may have the problem of increased cost and extremely low elongation of the material.
- austenitic stainless steel with high yield strength is required by a method other than a temper rolling process.
- Patent Document 0001 describes a method of manufacturing 300 series stainless steel with small bending even after half-etching by temper rolling a cold-rolled annealed material for a laser metal mask for photo-etching processing and then performing two SR (Stress Relief) heat treatments.
- this published patent does not include technical details on structural parts with a thickness of 0.3 to 3.0 mm as a manufacturing technology for controlling etching properties and bending after etching.
- Patent Document 0002 suggests heat treatment for a long period of time at 600-700°C for more than 48 hours to produce nuclear power components with an average grain size of 10 ⁇ m or less. In the case of this method, productivity is low to implement in an actual production line, and the manufacturing cost increases due to the long-term heat treatment method.
- Patent Document 1 International Patent Publication No. 2016-043125 (Publication Date: 2016.03.24)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-050940 (Publication Date: 2020.04.02)
- the purpose of the present invention to solve the above-described problems is to provide an austenitic stainless steel with high yield strength suitable for application to structural members and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention has C: 0.005 to 0.07%, Si: 0.1 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%, Ni: 6.0 in weight percent. ⁇ 9.0%, Cr: 16.0 ⁇ 19.0%, Nb: 0.01 ⁇ 0.30%, N: 0.01 ⁇ 0.20%, including the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities, satisfies the following formula (1), (Cr,Fe)-Nb It contains -N series Z-phase precipitated phase, and the average grain size at the center of the thickness may be 2 ⁇ m or less. Equation (1): Nb * N ⁇ 0.015 (where Nb and N mean the weight percent of each element)
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may be an austenitic stainless steel in which the (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase is formed at a temperature of 1150°C or higher. Additionally, the diameter of the Z-phase precipitated phase may be 50 to 300 nm.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a pitting potential of 250 mV or more in a 3.5% NaCl solution at 30°C.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a thickness of 0.3 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a yield strength of 930 MPa or more.
- the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention has, by weight %, C: 0.005-0.07%, Si: 0.1-1.0%, Mn: 0.1-2.0%, Ni: 6.0-9.0%, Cr: 16.0 ⁇ 19.0%, Nb: 0.01 ⁇ 0.30%, N: 0.01 ⁇ 0.20%, including the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities, satisfies the following formula (1), and (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitation It may include a phase, and the average grain size at the center of the thickness may be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- Equation (1) Nb * N ⁇ 0.015 (where Nb and N mean the weight percent of each element)
- the (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase formation temperature may be 1150°C or higher.
- the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention may have a thickness of 0.3 mm or more, and the diameter of the Z-phase precipitated phase may be 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the austenitic stainless steel manufacturing method is, in weight %, C: 0.005 to 0.07%, Si: 0.1 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%, Ni: 6.0 to 9.0%, Cr: Casting a slab containing 16.0 to 19.0%, Nb: 0.01 to 0.30%, N: 0.01 to 0.20%, the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities, and satisfying the following formula (1); hot rolling the slab; Hot rolling annealing step; cold rolling; and cold rolling annealing at 700 to 850°C, including a (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase after the hot rolling annealing step and the cold rolling annealing step. It may be a stainless steel manufacturing method. Equation (1): Nb * N ⁇ 0.015 (where Nb and N mean the weight percent of each element)
- the formation temperature of the (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase may be 1150°C or higher.
- the average grain size at the center of the thickness may be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the hot rolled annealed material may be 3.0 mm or more.
- the average grain size at the center of the thickness may be 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the cold rolled annealed material may be 0.3 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm.
- the method for manufacturing austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a pitting potential of 250 mV or more in a 3.5% NaCl solution at 30°C.
- the austenitic stainless steel manufacturing method according to an example of the present invention may have a yield strength of 930 MPa or more.
- a fine grain size can be obtained, and an austenitic stainless steel with high yield strength applicable to structural members and a method of manufacturing the same can be provided.
- Figure 1 is a diagram showing precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2.
- Figure 2 is a diagram showing precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 3 is a diagram showing precipitates of the cold-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2.
- Figure 4 is a diagram showing precipitates of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 5 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the hot-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2.
- Figure 6 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the hot-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 7 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the cold-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2.
- Figure 8 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention has, in weight percent, C: 0.005 to 0.07%, Si: 0.1 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%, Ni: 6.0 to 9.0%, Cr: 16.0 to 16.0%. 19.0%, Nb: 0.01 ⁇ 0.30%, N: 0.01 ⁇ 0.20%, the remainder may contain Fe and inevitable impurities.
- the content of C may be 0.005 to 0.07% by weight.
- C is an austenite phase stabilizing element, and the more it is added, the more effective it is in stabilizing the austenite phase. Considering this, it is necessary to add more than 0.005% of C. However, if C contains more than 0.07%, Cr-carbide may be formed during low-temperature annealing, which may cause a problem of lowering grain boundary corrosion resistance. Considering this, the C content can be set to 0.005 to 0.07 weight%.
- the content of Si may be 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.
- Si is an ingredient added as a deoxidizer during the steelmaking stage.
- Si When Si is added in a certain amount and goes through a bright annealing process, it has the effect of improving the corrosion resistance of steel by forming Si-Oxide in the passive film. Considering this, it is necessary to add more than 0.1% of Si. However, if Si is contained in excess of 1.0%, it may cause the problem of lowering the ductility of the steel. Considering this, the Si content can be set to 0.1 to 1.0% by weight.
- the content of Mn may be 0.1 to 2.0% by weight.
- Mn is an austenite phase stabilizing element, and the more Mn is added, the more effective it is in stabilizing the austenite phase. Considering this, it is necessary to add more than 0.1% of Mn. However, excessive addition of Mn may impair corrosion resistance, so it can be set to 2.0% or less. Considering this, the Mn content can be set to 0.1 to 2.0% by weight.
- the content of Ni may be 6.0 to 9.0% by weight.
- Ni is an austenite phase stabilizing element. The more Ni is added, the more the austenite phase is stabilized, and more than 6.0% can be added to soften the material. However, since adding excessive amounts of Ni causes the problem of increased costs, it can be added in amounts of 9.0% or less. Considering this, the Ni content can be set to 6.0 to 9.0% by weight.
- the content of Cr may be 16.0 to 19.0% by weight.
- Cr is an element that is essentially added to improve corrosion resistance. Considering this, it is necessary to add more than 16.0% of Cr. However, if the Cr content is excessive, the material may harden and problems may arise in suppressing strain-induced martensite during cold rolling, so the content may be set to 19.0% or less. Considering this, the Cr content can be set to 16.0 to 19.0% by weight.
- the content of Nb may be 0.01 to 0.30% by weight.
- Nb is essential to form the Z-phase precipitate phase corresponding to the (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series. Forming a Z-phase precipitated phase by including Nb can suppress grain growth. Considering this, it is necessary to add more than 0.01% of Nb. However, if the content is excessive, defects such as nitrogen pores may occur during the playing process, so the content can be set to 0.30% or less. Considering this, the Nb content can be set to 0.01 to 0.30% by weight.
- the content of N may be 0.01 to 0.20% by weight.
- N is an austenite phase stabilizing element, and the more N is added, the more it can stabilize the austenite phase and improve strength. Additionally, N can form a Z-phase precipitation phase with Nb. Considering this, the N content can be set to 0.01% or more. However, if the content is excessive, it may cause problems of hardening and deterioration of hot workability, so the content can be set to 0.20% or less. Considering this, the N content can be set to 0.01 to 0.20% by weight.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may satisfy the following equation (1).
- Equation (1) Nb * N ⁇ 0.015
- Nb and N mean the weight percent of each element.
- Nb * N corresponding to equation (1) is 0.015 or more. You can do this. If Nb * N is more than 0.015, the Z-phase generation temperature can be increased. By increasing the Z-phase formation temperature, it does not dissolve even at high hot-rolled annealing temperatures and cold-rolled annealing temperatures, so the Z-phase precipitated phase may exist in both hot-rolled and cold-rolled materials.
- Nb * N may be 0.020 or more, more preferably 0.025 or more, and even more preferably 0.030 or more.
- the remaining ingredient is iron (Fe).
- Fe iron
- unintended impurities from raw materials or the surrounding environment may inevitably be mixed, so this cannot be ruled out. Since these impurities are known to anyone skilled in the normal manufacturing process, all of them are not specifically mentioned in this specification.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may include a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase.
- the growth of grains can be suppressed at high temperatures.
- the Z-phase precipitated phase is created during heat treatment and does not dissolve even after going through the hot-rolling annealing and cold-rolling annealing stages, thereby preventing grain coarsening.
- precipitated phases such as chromium carbide (Cr-carbide), chromium nitride (Cr-nitride), etc. are not formed before heat treatment.
- precipitated phases such as Cr-carbide and Cr-nitride are dissolved and solidified into the matrix. Therefore, unlike the Z-phase precipitated phase, it may be difficult to obtain the effect of suppressing grain growth by precipitating during heat treatment.
- the type of precipitation phase of austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention was observed using a TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) Replica method at the center of the thickness of austenitic stainless steel.
- the thickness center of austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention means 1/4t to 3/4t when the thickness of austenitic stainless steel is t.
- the formation temperature of the (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase of the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may be 1150°C or higher, and the diameter of the precipitated phase may be 50 to 300 nm.
- the formation temperature of the precipitated phase of austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention refers to the formation temperature of the Z-phase, which is a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series precipitated phase, calculated in the ThermoCalc precipitated phase analysis program.
- the diameter of the precipitated phase of the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention was measured by observing the center of the thickness of the austenitic stainless steel using a TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) Replica method.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a thickness of 0.3 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention can be applied to structural purposes such as automobile exterior panels and building parts.
- the material thickness range may be 0.3 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.5 mm or less, and more preferably 0.4 to 2.0 mm.
- excellent yield strength can be obtained even when the thickness of the austenitic stainless steel is 0.3 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have an average grain size at the center of the thickness of 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the austenite phase was transformed into the martensite phase through cold rolling, and ultra-fine grains were realized through low-temperature annealing.
- the present invention can provide austenitic stainless steel that obtains excellent yield strength by controlling the alloy composition and precipitation phase and ensuring a fine grain size.
- Fine grain size may mean, for example, that the average grain size is 3 ⁇ m or less, and more specifically, may be 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness center of austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention means 1/4t to 3/4t when the thickness of austenitic stainless steel is t.
- the thickness center average means the average value of the values measured at three arbitrary locations in the 1/4t to 3/4t area. The grain size was observed and measured at three random locations in the center of the thickness using a TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) thin foil method.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a pitting potential of 250 mV or more in a 3.5% NaCl solution at 30°C.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may have a yield strength of 930 MPa or more. It is possible to provide austenitic stainless steel that can be used as structural parts such as automobile exterior panels and building parts by securing a high yield strength of 930 MPa or more.
- the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention may correspond to a cold-rolled annealed material.
- the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention has, in weight percent, C: 0.005-0.07%, Si: 0.1-1.0%, Mn: 0.1-2.0%, Ni: 6.0-9.0%, Cr: 16.0 ⁇ 19.0%, Nb: 0.01 ⁇ 0.30%, N: 0.01 ⁇ 0.20%, the remainder may contain Fe and inevitable impurities.
- austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material may satisfy the following equation (1).
- Equation (1) Nb * N ⁇ 0.015
- Nb and N mean the weight percent of each element.
- the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention may include a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase.
- the formation temperature of the (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase of the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention may be 1150°C or higher, and the diameter of the precipitated phase may be 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
- the Z-phase precipitated phase can exist without dissolving even in the hot-rolled annealing stage. .
- the method of measuring the type of precipitated phase, the formation temperature of the precipitated phase, and the diameter of the precipitated phase of the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention are as described in the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention. .
- the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention may have a thickness of 3.0 mm or more.
- the austenitic stainless steel manufactured from the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention can be applied to structural purposes such as automobile exterior panels and building parts.
- the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention may have an average grain size at the center of the thickness of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- having a fine grain size may mean, for example, that the average grain size is 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness center of the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material means 1/4t to 3/4t when the thickness of the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material is t.
- the thickness center average means the average value of the values measured at three arbitrary locations in the 1/4t to 3/4t area. The grain size was observed and measured at three random locations in the center of the thickness using an OM (Optical Microscope) method.
- the austenitic stainless steel manufacturing method is, in weight %, C: 0.005 to 0.07%, Si: 0.1 to 1.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 2.0%, Ni: 6.0 to 9.0%, Cr: Casting a slab containing 16.0 to 19.0%, Nb: 0.01 to 0.30%, N: 0.01 to 0.20%, the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities, and satisfying the following formula (1); hot rolling the slab; Hot rolling annealing step; cold rolling; and cold rolling annealing at 700 to 850°C. It may be a method of manufacturing austenitic stainless steel.
- Equation (1) Nb * N ⁇ 0.015 where Nb and N mean the weight percent of each element.
- the hot-rolled annealing material after the hot-rolling annealing step may include a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase
- the cold-rolling annealing step may be followed by cold-rolling annealing.
- the ash may contain a (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase.
- Austenitic stainless steel corresponding to the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material and cold-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention may include a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series Z-phase precipitated phase.
- the formation temperature of Z-phase, a (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series precipitation phase calculated in the ThermoCalc precipitation phase analysis program may be 1150°C or higher.
- the hot rolling annealing step may be performed at 1000 to 1150°C. Recrystallization occurs only when the hot rolling annealing temperature is 1000 to 1150°C. This can be considered a normal hot rolling annealing temperature.
- Z-phase a (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series precipitation phase
- the Z-phase is created before the hot rolling annealing step. Therefore, by controlling the formation temperature of the Z-phase, which is a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series precipitated phase, to 1150°C or higher, the Z-phase is created before the hot rolling annealing step, and the Z-phase is not dissolved and remains in the hot rolling annealing step. You can.
- the Z-phase By controlling the Z-phase to exist in the hot-rolled annealed material, coarsening of grains can be prevented in the subsequent step.
- the cold rolling step may have a reduction ratio of 40% or more. If the cold rolling reduction ratio is more than 40%, TRIP transformation can be induced.
- the reduction rate may be 40% or more, and more specifically, may be 50% or more.
- the hot rolled annealed material after the hot rolling annealing step, may have a thickness of 3.0 mm or more, and after the cold rolling annealing step, the cold rolled annealed material may have a thickness of 0.3 mm or more. It may be less than mm.
- the cold rolling annealing step may be performed at 700 to 850°C. If the cold rolling annealing temperature is above 700°C, new reverted austenite nucleation may occur. When the cold rolling annealing temperature is 850°C or higher, it is advantageous to refine the grains. Considering this, in the present invention, the cold rolling annealing temperature can be controlled to 700 to 850°C.
- austenitic stainless steel which corresponds to cold-rolled annealed materials after the cold-rolled annealing step, includes Z-phase, which is a (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series precipitated phase, to ensure a fine grain size.
- the average grain size at the center of the thickness of the hot rolled annealed material may be 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the average grain size at the center of the thickness of the stainless steel corresponding to the cold rolled annealed material may be 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the meaning of the thickness center and the thickness center is as described in the austenitic stainless steel according to an example of the present invention and the austenitic stainless steel hot-rolled annealed material according to an example of the present invention.
- austenitic stainless steel with excellent yield strength can be obtained with finely secured grains.
- Austenitic stainless steel manufactured by the austenitic stainless steel manufacturing method according to an example of the present invention may have a pitting potential of 250 mV or more in a 3.5% NaCl solution at 30°C. Additionally, the yield strength may be 930 MPa or more. It is possible to obtain austenitic stainless steel with high yield strength while ensuring corrosion resistance.
- Table 1 below shows the alloy composition and type of precipitated phase of the invention examples and comparative examples.
- a slab having an alloy composition according to Table 1 below was hot rolled and then hot rolled and annealed at 1050°C, and then the type of precipitated phase of the hot rolled annealed material was observed.
- the type of precipitated phase of the cold rolled annealed material with a thickness of 0.8 mm was observed after cold rolling at a reduction ratio of 40% and cold rolling annealing at 800°C.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material of Inventive Example 2
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing precipitates of the cold-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing precipitates of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- the type and size of the precipitated phase were observed at the center of the thickness of the hot-rolled annealed material and the cold-rolled annealed material using the TEM replica method.
- the alloy compositions of Invention Examples 1 to 4 satisfy the scope of the present invention.
- the Nb * N content corresponds to 0.015 or more.
- the type of precipitate phase observed not only in the cold-rolled annealed material but also in the hot-rolled annealed material includes the Z-phase.
- Figure 1 is a diagram showing the precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing precipitates of the cold-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2.
- the precipitate of Invention Example 2 and the types of elements contained in the precipitate can be confirmed.
- the precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material and the cold-rolled annealed material of Inventive Example 2 correspond to precipitates composed of Cr, Fe, N, and Nb.
- the precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material and the cold-rolled annealed material of Invention Example 2 are Z-phase precipitate phases.
- Comparative Example 1 does not contain Nb at all. Since the Z-phase corresponds to the (Cr, Fe)-Nb-N series, it can be confirmed that Comparative Example 1, which does not contain Nb at all, did not form a Z-phase at all in both the cold-rolled annealed material and the hot-rolled annealed material.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing precipitates of the hot-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing precipitates of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- Comparative Example 1 corresponds to a precipitate composed of Cr, Fe, and N.
- the precipitate of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1 is a Cr-nitride precipitate phase.
- the alloy composition satisfies the range of the present invention, but the value of Nb * N is less than 0.015. Therefore, since the formation temperature of the Z-phase precipitated phase cannot be secured, the Z-phase precipitated phase cannot be observed in the cold-rolled annealed material as well as the hot-rolled annealed material.
- the diameter of the precipitates in the hot-rolled annealed material of Inventive Example 2 according to an example of the present invention is much smaller than that of Comparative Example 1. Additionally, in Inventive Example 2, Cr, Fe, Nb, and N were observed, confirming that a Z-phase precipitated phase was obtained in the hot-rolled annealed material. Since Comparative Example 1 does not contain Nb, it can be confirmed that no precipitation phase was observed in the hot-rolled annealed material.
- Table 2 shows the Z-phase formation temperature, average grain size, pitting dislocation, and yield strength of the cold-rolled annealed material of the invention examples and comparative examples.
- the Z-phase formation temperature refers to the formation temperature of the Z-phase, a (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N series precipitation phase, calculated in the ThermoCalc precipitation phase analysis program.
- the average grain size of cold rolled annealed material refers to the average value of the values observed and measured at three random locations in the center of the thickness using the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) thin foil method. Thickness center means 1/4t to 3/4t when the thickness of the cold rolled annealed material is t.
- Pitting Potential refers to the value measured with a 3.5% NaCl solution at 30°C.
- Yield strength refers to the yield strength obtained after performing a tensile test on a JIS13B tensile test specimen at room temperature with a crosshead in the range of 10 mm/min to 20 mm/min.
- Figure 5 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the hot-rolled annealed material of Inventive Example 2
- Figure 6 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the hot-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- Figure 7 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the cold-rolled annealed material of Inventive Example 2
- Figure 8 is a diagram showing the microstructure of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1.
- the microstructure of the hot-rolled annealed material was observed using an OM (Optical Microscope) method, and the microstructure of the cold-rolled annealed material was observed using a TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) thin foil.
- OM Optical Microscope
- Invention Examples 1 to 4 correspond to a Z-phase generation temperature of 1150°C or higher. Through this, if the alloy composition and the value of equation (1) are satisfied, the Z-phase precipitated phase can be observed not only in the cold-rolled annealed material but also in the hot-rolled annealed material. This corresponds to a Z-phase formation temperature of 1150°C or higher, so even after hot-rolled annealing, Z-phase precipitation phase can be observed. It can be confirmed that this is because the -phase precipitated phase remains without melting.
- Inventive Examples 1 to 4 satisfy the average grain size of the cold rolled annealed material of 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the formal potential is more than 250mV and the yield strength is more than 930MPa. It is possible to provide an austenitic stainless steel that is capable of achieving high yield strength and has excellent corrosion resistance.
- the Z-phase cannot be generated at all, so the generation temperature is Measuring it is meaningless. It can be seen that the average grain size of the cold-rolled annealed material of Comparative Example 1 was very coarse at 6.7 ⁇ m, and the yield strength was 545 MPa, indicating that high yield strength was not secured.
- the Z-phase precipitated phase formation temperature was 1150°C or lower. Therefore, since all the precipitated phases were melted before the hot-rolled annealing step, no precipitated phases of the hot-rolled annealed material were observed as seen in Table 1. In addition, even after cold rolling annealing, the already melted Z-phase precipitated phase could not be observed.
- Comparative Examples 2 to 4 it can be confirmed that Cr carbide and/or Cr nitride precipitated phases were obtained. Cr carbide and/or Cr nitride precipitate phase is not a precipitate phase capable of refining crystal grains. Therefore, it can be confirmed that Comparative Examples 2 to 4 have a coarse average grain size of 3.2 ⁇ m or more, and in addition, it can be confirmed that the yield strength is inferior to only 672 MPa or less.
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | N | Nb | 식(1) | 석출상의 종류 | |
| 열연 소둔재 | 냉연 소둔재 | |||||||||
| 발명예 1 | 0.03 | 0.53 | 1.24 | 17.5 | 6.7 | 0.17 | 0.21 | 0.0357 | Z-phase | Z-phase 및 Cr nitride |
| 발명예 2 | 0.04 | 0.53 | 1.24 | 17.5 | 6.8 | 0.17 | 0.25 | 0.0425 | Z-phase | Z-phase 및 Cr nitride |
| 발명예 3 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.46 | 17.3 | 7.2 | 0.15 | 0.26 | 0.0390 | Z-phase | Z-phase 및 Cr nitride |
| 발명예 4 | 0.05 | 0.30 | 1.21 | 18.1 | 8.1 | 0.15 | 0.28 | 0.0420 | Z-phase | Z-phase 및 Cr nitride |
| 비교예 1 | 0.04 | 0.53 | 1.24 | 17.5 | 6.7 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 없음 | Cr nitride |
| 비교예 2 | 0.03 | 0.30 | 0.46 | 17.3 | 6.8 | 0.15 | 0.01 | 0.0015 | 없음 | Cr nitride |
| 비교예 3 | 0.03 | 0.32 | 1.79 | 18.2 | 8.2 | 0.17 | 0.01 | 0.0017 | 없음 | Cr nitride |
| 비교예 4 | 0.04 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 18.1 | 8.1 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.0008 | 없음 | Cr carbide 및 Cr nitride |
| 구분 | Z-phase 생성온도(℃) | 냉연 소둔재의 평균 결정립 크기 (㎛) | 공식전위(mV) | 항복강도(MPa) |
| 발명예 1 | 1324 | 1.2 | 380 | 975 |
| 발명예 2 | 1340 | 0.8 | 360 | 1002 |
| 발명예 3 | 1347 | 1.5 | 340 | 958 |
| 발명예 4 | 1352 | 0.9 | 390 | 994 |
| 비교예 1 | - | 6.7 | 320 | 545 |
| 비교예 2 | 1026 | 3.2 | 320 | 672 |
| 비교예 3 | 1041 | 5.2 | 345 | 659 |
| 비교예 4 | 989 | 7.2 | 290 | 453 |
Claims (17)
- 중량 %로, C: 0.005~0.07%, Si: 0.1~1.0%, Mn: 0.1~2.0%, Ni: 6.0~9.0%, Cr: 16.0~19.0%, Nb: 0.01~0.30%, N: 0.01~0.20%, 나머지 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고,하기 식(1)을 만족하고,(Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상을 포함하고,두께 중심부 평균 결정립 크기가 2㎛ 이하인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강.식(1): Nb * N ≥ 0.015(여기서, Nb 및 N은 각 원소의 중량%를 의미한다)
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상의 생성온도가 1150℃ 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상의 직경이 50 ~ 300nm인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강.
- 제 1항에 있어서,30℃, 3.5% NaCl 용액에 의한 공식전위가 250mV 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강.
- 제 1항에 있어서,항복강도가 930MPa 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강.
- 제 1항에 있어서,0.3mm 이상 3.0mm 미만인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강.
- 중량 %로, C: 0.005~0.07%, Si: 0.1~1.0%, Mn: 0.1~2.0%, Ni: 6.0~9.0%, Cr: 16.0~19.0%, Nb: 0.01~0.30%, N: 0.01~0.20%, 나머지 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고,하기 식(1)을 만족하고,(Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상을 포함하고,두께 중심부 평균 결정립 크기가 10㎛ 이하인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스 열연 소둔재.식(1): Nb * N ≥ 0.015(여기서, Nb 및 N은 각 원소의 중량%를 의미한다)
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상의 생성온도가 1150℃ 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스 열연 소둔재.
- 제 7항에 있어서,두께가 3.0mm 이상이고, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스 열연 소둔재.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상의 직경이 2㎛ 이하인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스 열연 소둔재.
- 중량 %로, C: 0.005~0.07%, Si: 0.1~1.0%, Mn: 0.1~2.0%, Ni: 6.0~9.0%, Cr: 16.0~19.0%, Nb: 0.01~0.30%, N: 0.01~0.20%, 나머지 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고, 하기 식(1)을 만족하는 슬라브를 주조하는 단계;슬라브를 열간 압연하는 단계;열연 소둔하는 단계;냉간 압연하는 단계; 및700 ~ 850℃에서 냉연 소둔하는 단계;를 포함하고,상기 열연 소둔하는 단계 후 및 상기 냉연 소둔하는 단계 후 각각 (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상을 포함하는, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.식(1): Nb * N ≥ 0.015(여기서, Nb 및 N은 각 원소의 중량%를 의미한다)
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 (Cr,Fe)-Nb-N 계열 Z-phase 석출상의 생성온도가 1150℃ 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 열연 소둔하는 단계 후,열연 소둔재의 두께가 3.0mm 이상이고,두께 중심부 평균 결정립 크기가 10㎛ 이하인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 냉연 소둔하는 단계 후,두께 중심부 평균 결정립 크기가 2㎛ 이하인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 냉연 소둔하는 단계 후,냉연 소둔재의 두께가 0.3 이상 3.0mm 미만인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,30℃, 3.5% NaCl 용액에 의한 공식전위가 250mV 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,항복강도가 930MPa 이상인, 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 제조방법.
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| JP2025536751A JP2025541929A (ja) | 2022-12-20 | 2023-08-18 | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 |
| EP23907278.8A EP4613907A4 (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2023-08-18 | AUSTENITICAL STAINLESS STEEL AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
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| WO2021075022A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-04-22 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板 |
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| KR20240097192A (ko) | 2024-06-27 |
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| TW202428907A (zh) | 2024-07-16 |
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