WO2024136105A1 - 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136105A1 WO2024136105A1 PCT/KR2023/017460 KR2023017460W WO2024136105A1 WO 2024136105 A1 WO2024136105 A1 WO 2024136105A1 KR 2023017460 W KR2023017460 W KR 2023017460W WO 2024136105 A1 WO2024136105 A1 WO 2024136105A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
- B23K26/0608—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams in the same heat affected zone [HAZ]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/359—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by providing a line or line pattern, e.g. a dotted break initiation line
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
- C21D8/1283—Application of a separating or insulating coating
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1294—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a localised treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
- H01F1/18—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets with insulating coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08004—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof incorporating a dispersive element, e.g. a prism for wavelength selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/163—Solid materials characterised by a crystal matrix
- H01S3/164—Solid materials characterised by a crystal matrix garnet
- H01S3/1643—YAG
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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Definitions
- It relates to grain-oriented electrical steel sheets and their manufacturing methods. More specifically, it relates to a method of manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets with excellent iron loss characteristics while preventing surface damage by irradiating overlapping lasers with different wavelengths on the surface of electrical steel sheets that have undergone secondary recrystallization.
- Grain-oriented electrical steel has excellent magnetic properties and is used as an iron core material for transformers.
- This grain-oriented electrical steel sheet undergoes a rolling and annealing process unique to the electrical steel manufacturing process to form a Goss texture recrystallized in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001> orientation throughout the steel sheet.
- the world is strengthening the calculation levels of greenhouse gas emissions day by day.
- the factor affecting the greenhouse gas emissions calculation level is related to the improvement in efficiency when using electrical steel sheets.
- the iron loss and magnetic flux density of the electrical steel sheet i.e., magnetic properties, are important factors in the efficiency of the transformer iron core.
- the magnetic flux density of an electrical steel sheet can be significantly affected by the manufacturing process of the electrical steel sheet because the degree to which crystal axes that are easy to magnetize are gathered in the crystal structure, that is, the higher the crystal orientation, the higher the magnetic flux density.
- the W17/50 [W/kg] value measured when a magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied at a maximum magnetic flux density of 1.7 T is called the guaranteed iron loss value of the iron core material, and this value is a measure of the iron loss of the electrical steel sheet. It is generally used as However, when designing a transformer, the W15/50 [W/kg] value measured when a magnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied at a lower maximum magnetic flux density of 1.5 T is sometimes used. In transformers, the lower the core loss value, the better the efficiency.
- iron loss is evaluated as a more important indicator because the process technology for securing high magnetic flux density through upward standardization of the manufacturing process of electrical steel sheets has been developed to the extent that it can support the efficiency of transformers.
- This iron loss is divided into eddy current loss and hysteresis loss, and hysteresis loss tends to decrease when the magnetic flux density is high, so eddy current loss plays an important role in controlling the overall iron loss in grain-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- eddy current loss is divided into classical eddy current loss and abnormal eddy current loss.
- Classical eddy current loss is proportional to the thickness of the steel sheet, so the thinner the steel sheet is, the classical eddy current loss decreases. Therefore, controlling abnormal eddy current loss has become an important technology for reducing iron loss.
- Refining the magnetic domains in electrical steel means the process of dividing crystal particles with one magnetic domain into multiple magnetic domains by applying physical stimulation to them.
- Methods for refining the magnetic domain include laser irradiation, electron beam irradiation, plasma processing, etching, or roll press fitting. And, depending on whether the magnetic domain refinement effect is maintained even after stress relief annealing (SRA) is performed after such magnetic domain refinement treatment, it is divided into permanent magnetic domain refinement and temporary magnetic domain refinement.
- SRA stress relief annealing
- the magnetic domain refinement process may be performed before the decarburization process or after the insulation coating.
- Corrosion occurring in areas that have been physically stimulated on the surface of an electrical steel sheet means that the insulating film on the surface has been peeled off and the base material of the electrical steel sheet has been exposed. If this is laminated as an iron core and used as is, the insulating film formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet is destroyed, destroying the top and bottom surfaces. The laminated iron core becomes electrically conductive, and in this case, there is a possibility that the transformer may explode.
- It relates to grain-oriented electrical steel sheets and their manufacturing methods. More specifically, it relates to a method of manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheets that prevent surface damage and at the same time have excellent iron loss characteristics by irradiating overlapping lasers with different wavelengths on the surface of electrical steel sheets that have undergone secondary recrystallization.
- the magnetic domain refinement method of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes a first beam spot formed by irradiating a first laser beam of a first wavelength, and a spot formed by irradiating a second laser beam of a second wavelength.
- a deformed portion is formed by irradiating an overlapping laser beam, which is made up of two beam spots and is formed by controlling the first beam spot so that part or all of it is located inside the second beam spot, to the surface of the electrical steel sheet.
- the first laser of the overlapping laser beam is a short-wavelength laser and the second laser is a long-wavelength laser with a longer wavelength than the short-wavelength laser.
- the magnetic domain refinement method of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another embodiment of the present invention applies an overlapped laser beam of a first laser and a second laser simultaneously to the surface of an electrical steel sheet on which secondary recrystallization has been performed in a direction perpendicular to or inclined to the rolling direction. is irradiated to form a linear deformation part.
- the beam shape of the first laser or the second laser is preferably either elliptical or circular.
- the first laser is preferably one of an optical fiber laser, a YAG laser, or a disk laser
- the second laser is a CO 2 laser
- the beam spot is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m in width and elliptical or circular in length less than or longer than the length of the CO 2 laser beam spot.
- the beam spot is preferably an elliptical beam spot with a width of 100 to 400 ⁇ m and a length of 0.4 to 20 mm.
- the irradiation interval is preferably 2 to 10 mm, and the scanning speed is preferably 0.1 to 300 m/sec.
- the inclination direction of these overlapping laser beams is ⁇ 10° or less.
- the output of the fiber laser, which is the first laser is preferably 10 to 150 W
- the output of the YAG laser is 10 to 250 W
- the output of the CO 2 laser, which is the second laser is preferably 200 to 500 W.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an electrical steel sheet base material;
- It includes an insulating film layer located on the electrical steel sheet base, one or more linear deformation parts are formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet base, and the natural corrosion potential of the electrical steel sheet is (-) 350 mv or more.
- a glass film layer may be further formed between the electrical steel sheet substrate and the insulating film layer.
- this electrical steel sheet is (-) 50 to (-) 300 mV.
- a re-solidified layer is formed on the surface of the insulating film layer.
- the thickness of this re-solidified layer is preferably within 20% of the cross-sectional thickness of the insulating film layer.
- the W15/50 iron loss improvement rate of the electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention is preferably 6% or more, and the W17/50 iron loss improvement rate is preferably 9% or more.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes an electrical steel sheet base material; and an insulating film layer located on the electrical steel sheet base, wherein one or more linear deformation parts are formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet, and a re-solidification layer is formed on the surface of the insulating film layer on top of the linear deformation part.
- a glass film layer may be further formed between the electrical steel sheet substrate and the insulating film layer.
- the thickness of the insulating film layer on the top of the deformed part is 60% or more of the thickness of the insulating film layer on the top of the area where the deformed part is not formed.
- the re-solidification layer is mainly composed of silicon oxide, and the insulating film layer is mainly composed of phosphate or colloidal silica.
- the thickness of the re-solidified layer is preferably within 20% of the cross-sectional thickness of the insulating film layer.
- magnetism by performing optimal magnetic domain refinement using overlapping lasers with different wavelengths, magnetism can be further improved and damage to the surface of the steel sheet can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the magnetic domain refinement method uses a CO 2 laser as a long-wavelength laser to stably preheat a steel sheet without destroying the film layers, and uses a fiber laser as a short-wavelength laser to heat the steel sheet without considering the thickness of the film layer. Residual stress due to thermoelastic deformation of the steel sheet can be induced to exactly the width required to form the looped domain, making it possible to precisely refine the magnetic domain.
- the magnetic domain refinement method simultaneously irradiates the surface of a steel sheet on which secondary recrystallization has been completed with lasers with different wavelengths in an overlapping state to maximize thermal shock in the thickness direction even under low laser power conditions, thereby achieving low and high magnetic fields. It is possible to provide a directional magnetic domain refinement product with excellent iron loss.
- Figure 1 is a graph showing the light absorption rate of a steel sheet according to the laser wavelength.
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of magnetic domain refinement for forming deformed parts using overlapping lasers with different wavelengths according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing a case where beam spots of overlapping lasers with different wavelengths are scanned on a steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the energy density when beam spots of overlapping lasers with different wavelengths are scanned on a steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a diagram showing a working electrode of a device for measuring the natural corrosion potential of a steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a diagram showing a device for measuring the natural corrosion potential of a steel plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- first, second, and third are used to describe, but are not limited to, various parts, components, regions, layers, and/or sections. These terms are used only to distinguish one portion, component, region, layer or section from another portion, component, region, layer or section. Accordingly, the first part, component, region, layer or section described below may be referred to as the second part, component, region, layer or section without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the purpose is to prevent surface damage and at the same time provide excellent iron loss characteristics by irradiating overlapping lasers with different wavelengths on the surface of an electrical steel sheet.
- the method of refining magnetic domains using a laser is preferred.
- the magnetic domain refinement process of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is performed along the vertical or inclined direction of the rolling direction (RD direction) of the steel sheet over the entire length of the electrical steel sheet, that is, along the width direction (TD direction) of the steel sheet.
- a deformed part 10 or a line-shaped deformed part is formed by irradiating a laser.
- the linear deformation part includes not only solid lines but also intermittent ones such as dotted or broken lines, and includes all deformation parts that are substantially linear, including zigzag shapes when viewed microscopically but straight lines when viewed macroscopically.
- the formation of a deformed zone in a steel sheet by a laser refers to the deformation of the crystal lattice caused by thermal shock from laser irradiation, and this deformation of the crystal lattice is formed in the process of locally rapidly heating and immediately cooling the steel sheet by the laser. At this time, the heating rate of the steel sheet is proportional to the energy density (power density) per unit time of the laser.
- the deformation of the crystal lattice due to thermal shock during laser irradiation increases as the total laser irradiation energy increases, so when energy exceeding the amount required for magnetic domain refinement is irradiated to the steel sheet, the heat source exceeding that required for forming the looped domain spreads to the surrounding area, causing magnetic deformation. It gets bigger. Therefore, the deformation of the crystal lattice due to thermal shock during laser irradiation requires exactly the amount of lattice strain energy required to form the looped domain, and in order to suppress heat diffusion, it is desirable to irradiate the laser incident energy to a narrow area for a shorter period of time.
- the interaction conditions between the laser beam and the steel sheet are affected by the characteristics of the laser and the absorption rate of the laser beam on the steel sheet.
- the absorption rate of the laser beam is affected by the surface roughness of the steel sheet, the temperature of the steel sheet, the absorption characteristics of the film on the surface of the steel sheet, and the laser wavelength.
- the manufacturing conditions of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that forms the film are kept constant, the surface roughness of the steel sheet, the temperature of the steel sheet, and the absorption characteristics of the surface film of the steel sheet will be constant, and in this case, the absorption rate of the steel sheet of the laser beam depends on the wavelength of the laser. .
- the laser absorption rate of the steel sheet is approximately 35 to 40% when the wavelength is short (e.g., YAG or Fiber laser with 1.06 ⁇ m), while for long wavelength (e.g., CO 2 laser with 10.6 ⁇ m) In this case, it appears relatively low, approximately 5 to 10%.
- an insulating film composed mainly of phosphate and silica with a thickness of several to several tens of micrometers is formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet subject to magnetic domain refinement treatment.
- These films absorb relatively little laser beams for short-wavelength lasers (e.g., 1.06 ⁇ m YAG or fiber lasers), but show large absorption for long-wavelength lasers (e.g., 10.6 ⁇ m CO 2 lasers).
- the thickness of the insulating film must be considered in a long-wavelength laser, but the thickness of the insulating film needs to be considered less in a short-wavelength laser than in a long-wavelength laser.
- short-wavelength lasers and long-wavelength lasers have different characteristics. Therefore, when using a short-wavelength laser and a long-wavelength laser simultaneously, only the advantages of each laser applied to magnetic domain refinement are exerted preferentially without side effects, causing a mutual synergy effect.
- overlapping use of heterogeneous lasers means that two or more lasers with different wavelengths are used to irradiate the laser beam on the surface of the steel sheet, and the spot of one laser beam formed on the surface of the steel sheet is partially within the spot of the other laser beam. Or it means that everything is located. Accordingly, in one embodiment of the present invention, overlapping lasers with different wavelengths include not only those where the spots of different laser beams are completely overlapped within the spot of one laser beam but also partially overlapped.
- the short-wavelength laser is the main laser and is called the first laser (A)
- the long-wavelength laser is the first laser.
- the auxiliary laser which has a longer wavelength, is called the second laser (B).
- the first laser (A) which is a short-wavelength laser, can use a laser with a relatively short wavelength, for example, optical fiber (Er-Fiber, Yb-Fiber, Tm-Fiber) laser, YAG (Nd:YAG, Yb:YAG) laser. , ruby laser and sapphire laser can be used.
- a disk laser (1.03 ⁇ m), a diode laser (0.808 ⁇ 0.980 ⁇ m), or a UV laser (0.150 ⁇ 0.355 ⁇ m) can be used as the first laser (A).
- the second laser (B) which is a long-wavelength laser
- a laser with a relatively longer wavelength than a short-wavelength laser is used.
- a CO 2 laser is preferred as the second laser.
- any laser with a longer wavelength than the first laser can be used as the second laser.
- a UV laser (0.150-0.355 ⁇ m) is used as the first laser
- a YAG laser may be used as the second laser.
- the magnetic domain refinement method using the overlapping laser 30 will be described in more detail, taking as an example the case of using a fiber laser as the first laser (A) with a short wavelength and a CO 2 laser as the second laser (B) with a long wavelength. .
- the first laser (A) uses a short laser wavelength with a relatively high laser absorption rate for the steel plate, so the incidence is sufficient to cause residual stress due to lattice deformation and thermoelastic deformation exactly as required to form the looped domain. It is possible to irradiate energy to a narrow area for a shorter period of time.
- the optical fiber laser used as the first laser (A) has a narrow incident energy range, so heat diffusion to the surroundings can be suppressed and unnecessary thermal deformation can be minimized.
- the CO 2 laser which is the second laser (B)
- the CO 2 laser can be used with an average output of hundreds of W to several KW or more depending on the speed of the steel sheet, and can easily induce thermoelastic deformation in the irradiated portion of the steel sheet.
- the CO 2 laser, which is the second laser (B) has a high absorption rate for the insulating film made of phosphate and silica, so it can stably pass through the film layers. Therefore, the CO 2 laser, which is the second laser (B), can stably induce thermoelastic deformation of the steel sheet without destroying the insulating film layers, making it suitable for serving as a kind of preheating.
- the CO 2 laser which is the second laser (B)
- the CO 2 laser has a low laser absorption rate for the steel sheet
- the area that provides thermal shock to the steel sheet is too wide and magnetic domain refinement does not occur easily, so a fiber laser with a relatively short wavelength is used as the first laser.
- A is used as the main laser for magnetic domain refinement, and the CO 2 laser with a relatively long wavelength is used as an auxiliary laser that acts as a kind of preheating to the extent of inducing thermoelastic deformation of the steel sheet.
- a short-wavelength fiber laser was selected as the first laser (A) and used as the main laser for magnetic domain refinement is that the laser absorption rate on the surface of the steel plate is high, so a strong compressive stress zone is formed in the laser irradiated area, and in this compressive stress zone, the magnetic field is This is because lancet domains (reflux domains) can be easily formed to reduce elastic energy.
- a 180° magnetic domain (opposite magnetic pole of the lancet magnetic domain) is formed by magnetoelastic energy in the surface direction, and a 90° magnetic domain is formed to reduce the magnetic elastic energy in the direction of the plate thickness. As the gap narrows, abnormal eddy current loss is consequently reduced.
- the magnetic domain refinement method uses a short-wavelength optical fiber laser as the first laser to induce residual stress due to thermoelastic deformation of the steel sheet with a width exactly as required for forming the looped domain.
- accurate magnetic domain refinement is possible, and by using a long-wavelength CO 2 laser as the second laser, it is possible to stably preheat the steel sheet without destroying the coating layers.
- the short-wavelength fiber laser which is the first laser (A)
- the CO 2 laser which is the second laser (B) with a long wavelength
- the CO 2 laser has the advantage of having a wide final beam width and a relatively low laser absorption rate in the steel plate, but a deep depth of focus. Therefore, when these two laser beams are overlapped and irradiated at the same time, the laser absorption rate within the steel sheet can be further increased.
- the beam spot of the optical fiber laser which is the short-wavelength first laser (A) irradiated to the surface of the steel plate, preferably has a shape close to a circle, and its diameter is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the beam spot of the fiber laser has a width (length in the “RD direction” in FIG. 2) of 10 to 200 ⁇ m and a length (length in the “TD direction” in FIG. 2) of the CO 2 laser, which is the second laser (B). It can be used less than or longer than the beam spot length.
- the beam width of the optical fiber, which is the first laser (A) decreases to less than 10 ⁇ m, energy density is concentrated in a narrow area, which may lead to inferiority in magnetic flux density and iron loss, and the optical system structure becomes complicated.
- the beam width of the optical fiber, which is the first laser (A) increases by more than 200 ⁇ m, the thermal effect in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet increases and the magnetic flux density may decrease, which is not desirable.
- the beam spot of the CO 2 laser which is the long-wavelength second laser (B) irradiated to the surface of the steel sheet, has a beam width (length in the “RD direction” in FIG. 2) of 100 to 400 ⁇ m and a beam length (in FIG. 2).
- An oval shape with a length in the “TD direction” of 0.4 to 20 mm is preferred.
- the beam spot of the long-wavelength CO 2 laser can be used as a circular shape with a radius of 100 ⁇ m or more.
- the mirror optical system becomes complicated like that of a fiber laser, and if it becomes larger than 400 ⁇ m, the thermal effect in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet increases and the magnetic flux density decreases. Not desirable.
- the reason for limiting the size of the beam spot of the CO 2 laser, which is the long-wavelength second laser (B), is that when the laser is scanned at high speed on the surface of a high-speed moving steel sheet, the thermal deformation effect of the laser beam acting on the steel sheet is maintained. This takes into account the scope.
- a CO 2 laser using the first laser (A), a fiber laser, and the second laser (B), a CO 2 laser, means that the first laser (A) with a small beam spot irradiates the surface of the steel sheet.
- the beam spot is controlled to be located within the range of the large second laser beam (B). That is, the different types of laser beam spots 20 irradiated on the surface of the steel sheet are visible from a planar view as shown in FIG. 3, and the first laser beam is anywhere within the range of the CO2 laser beam, which is the second laser B with a large beam spot.
- the beam is said to be “overlapping,” and furthermore, the fiber laser beam (the first laser (A)) is partially located within the range of the CO 2 laser beam (the second laser (B)). This means that the beams are “overlapping”.
- the position of (b) among the Gaussian shapes (a, b, c) of the short-wavelength first laser beam (A) is simultaneously located at a place where the intensity of the long-wavelength second laser beam (B) is high. It is preferable, and in this case, in the present invention, it means that the overlapping lasers 20 of different wavelengths irradiated on the surface of the steel plate are “simultaneously overlapped.”
- the oscillation mode of the laser beam used in one embodiment of the present invention is preferably a continuous wave laser that generates laser light continuously for both the first laser (A) and the second laser (B).
- a pulse laser can also be used.
- the quality of the laser beam used is preferably the Gaussian mode of TEM 00 for both the first laser (A) and the second laser (B), but the multi transverse mode of TEM0i can also be used.
- the overlapping laser beam 20 of different wavelengths irradiated on the surface of the steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention can minimize the thermal effect in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet while maximizing the thermal shock in the thickness direction, so the beam shape of each laser There is no specific limitation on beam quality.
- the output of the first laser (A), a fiber laser, is preferably 10 to 150 W
- the output of the second laser (B), CO 2 is preferably 200 to 500 W
- its output is preferably 10 to 250 W.
- the output range of each laser specifies the laser output conditions when the steel sheet progresses at a speed of 15 mpm, and it is desirable to optimally control the laser output value according to the steel sheet progress speed.
- the spacing is preferably 2 to 10 mm, and the inclination angle in the rolling direction is ⁇ 10° or less is preferable, and the scanning speed is preferably 0.1 to 300 m/sec.
- the irradiation interval of the overlapping laser beams 20 irradiated to the surface of the steel sheet is too narrow to less than 2 mm, the influence of the heat-affected zone increases, resulting in inferior magnetic flux density and iron loss, and if the irradiation interval is 10 mm or more, it is difficult to secure the magnetic domain refinement effect. It is not easy to exert the effect due to the poor thermal shock effect.
- the overlapping laser beam 20 on the surface of the steel sheet when irradiating the overlapping laser beam 20 on the surface of the steel sheet, it can be irradiated at a right angle or in an inclined direction to the rolling direction of the steel sheet, and the inclined angle in the rolling direction is preferably ⁇ 10° or less. If overlapping laser beams are irradiated at an angle inclined beyond this angle, the necessary magnetic domain refinement effect may not appear.
- the scanning speed of the overlapping laser is the same as the moving speed of the steel sheet. As the progressing speed increases, the scanning speed must become faster, so 0.1 to 300 m/sec is preferable, and this speed refers to the value exemplified under the 15mpm condition.
- Another embodiment of the present invention includes an electrical steel sheet base and an insulating film layer located on the electrical steel sheet base, one or more linear deformation parts are formed on the surface of the electrical steel sheet base, and the natural corrosion potential value of the steel sheet is ( -) Provides grain-oriented electrical steel with a rating of 350 mV or higher.
- a glass film layer may be further formed between the electrical steel sheet base and the insulating film layer.
- the glass film layer is mainly composed of forsterite
- the insulating film layer is mainly composed of phosphate and colloidal silica.
- the main ingredient means that forsterite contains 0.7 g/m2 or more in terms of the amount of oxygen applied to one side of the surface of the steel sheet, and in the case of phosphate in the insulating film, it means that it contains 0.1 g/m2 based on the amount applied to one side of the surface of the steel sheet.
- the colloidal silica in the insulating film contains more than 0.1 g/m2 based on the amount applied to one side of the steel sheet surface.
- the natural corrosion potential value measures the potential of an open circuit, and is measured by the open circuit potential measurement method commonly used by ordinary engineers.
- the natural corrosion potential value is measured according to the Open Circuit Potential (OCP) method.
- OCP Open Circuit Potential
- the measurement conditions for the natural corrosion potential value are preferably expressed as the results measured after maintaining the temperature for 600 seconds (10 minutes) in a 3.5% NaCl solution maintained at a constant temperature of 30°C.
- the natural corrosion potential value of the steel plate on which the linear deformation portion 10 according to the present invention is formed is (-) 350 mV or more, which means that corrosion does not occur easily with a value between “0” and (-) 350 mV. means that At this time, the linear deformation formed in the electrical steel sheet means that at least one linear deformation part is formed on the exposed surface of the specimen to be measured that is exposed to the electrolyte.
- the more preferable natural corrosion potential value of the electrical steel sheet is (-) 50 to (-) 300 mV. In this way, if the natural corrosion potential value of the electrical steel sheet is more than (-) 50 mV, the formation of the linear deformation zone is incomplete and the necessary iron loss characteristics may not be secured. In addition, if the natural corrosion potential of the electrical steel sheet is less than (-) 300 mV, the corrosion characteristics may be slightly reduced even if a linear deformation zone is formed.
- the linear deformation portion 10 is irradiated by a long-wavelength second laser B.
- the part with a large beam width by the short-wavelength first laser (A) and the part with a small beam width by the short-wavelength first laser (A) refer to a deformed part formed by the commonly overlapping beam spot 20, and the width of this deformed part is the short-wavelength first laser beam (A). It has a value equal to or close to the beam width or beam diameter of A).
- the insulating film layer is partially melted and then re-solidified on the upper part of the linear deformation part 10 formed on the steel sheet, that is, on the surface of the insulating film layer directly contacted by the overlapping laser beam. This is formed.
- the re-solidification layer formed on the surface of this insulating film layer is mainly formed directly below the portion irradiated by the overlapping laser beam 20, and this re-solidification layer is intermittently or continuously along the trajectory along which the overlapping laser beam 20 is scanned. It may appear in a linear form.
- Such a partial re-solidification layer is a phenomenon that does not occur when each of the second lasers (CO 2 laser) or the first laser (fiber laser) constituting the overlapping laser beam is irradiated separately.
- the first laser (fiber laser) is irradiated alone at a high power enough to secure effective iron loss, some re-solidification layer appears, but even in this case, the surface is peeled off and damaged, such as blisters on the surface of the insulating film layer, resulting in a natural appearance.
- the corrosion potential value appears to be very low.
- the natural corrosion potential value in the deformed part is (-) 700 mV or less, so it is easily corroded. It can happen.
- a partial re-solidification layer can be formed with only approximately 70% of the output of the first laser (fiber laser) constituting the overlapping laser.
- a partial re-solidification layer appears on the insulating film layer when irradiating overlapping laser beams like this is because the vaporization point of phosphate constituting the insulating film is low, phosphorus is vaporized first when irradiating overlapping laser beams, and silicon oxide composed of Si and O It is believed that they are re-solidified in an amorphous state. In this way, when an amorphous re-solidification layer is formed on the surface of the insulating film layer, corrosion characteristics are believed to be improved due to the inherent properties of the amorphous state.
- the thickness of the re-solidification layer of the insulating film layer formed by irradiating the overlapping laser beam 20 on the surface of the steel sheet is preferably within 20% of the average cross-sectional thickness of the insulating film layer.
- the absolute thickness of the insulating film layer becomes thin, which may adversely affect corrosion resistance, and the tension effect caused by the insulating film layer may be reduced, resulting in inferior iron loss. It is desirable to limit it to a range.
- the partial re-solidified layer is formed on more than 20% of the entire surface of the insulating film layer, it is undesirable because the damage to the insulating film layer is further expanded and the tension effect of the insulating film layer is lost.
- a partial re-solidification layer is formed in the insulating film layer, it can be seen that the energy absorption rate by the laser is sufficiently provided to the steel sheet.
- the thickness of the insulating film layer on the top of the deformed part of the steel sheet is 60% or more of the thickness of the insulating film layer on the top of the area where the deformed part is not formed.
- the thickness of the film layer in the deformed area formed on the steel plate is less than 60%, iron loss may be deteriorated due to corrosion resistance deterioration and tension reduction effect due to the decrease in film thickness.
- the W15/50 iron loss improvement rate of this steel sheet is preferably 6% or more. If the W15/50 improvement rate is lower than this, it is difficult to expect the desired iron loss reduction effect because the laser absorption rate of the steel sheet is low.
- the W17/50 iron loss improvement rate of this steel sheet is 9% or more. If the W17/50 iron loss improvement rate is lower than this, it is difficult to expect the desired iron loss reduction effect because the laser absorption rate of the steel sheet is low.
- the chemical composition and metal structure of the slab are not separately limited as long as the easy axis of magnetization is aligned in a certain direction to function as an electrical steel sheet.
- the chemical composition of the slab is as follows.
- C 0.08% or less (excluding 0%), Si: 1.0 to 6.5%, Mn: 0.005 to 3.0%, (sum of any one or more of Nb, V, and Ti); 0.070% or less, (sum of any one or more of Cr, Sn, Sb): 2.5% or less, Al: 2.0% or less (excluding 0%), (sum of any one or more of P, S): 0.100% or less (0 % is excluded), (Total of Cu and Sn): 1.0% or less, total rare earth elements and other impurities include 0.2% or less, and the balance consists of Fe.
- Carbon (C) is an element that is inevitably mixed in steel, but it deteriorates magnetic properties due to self-aging, so it is desirable to control its content to an appropriate level. If the content of C in the steel sheet is too small, phase transformation does not occur sufficiently during the manufacturing process, which can cause the microstructure of the steel sheet to become non-uniform and eventually cause the secondary recrystallization pattern to become unstable. If too much C is included, carbides become coarse and precipitate during the manufacturing process. If the amount is excessive, as a result, sufficient decarburization is not achieved, which may reduce the degree of integration of the Goss texture and damage the secondary recrystallization texture. Therefore, the C content of the steel sheet is 0.08% or less, more preferably 0.001 to 0.040%.
- Silicon (Si) is the basic composition of grain-oriented electrical steel and plays a role in lowering iron loss by increasing the resistivity of the steel sheet. If it is less than 1.0%, the specific resistance decreases, the eddy current loss increases, and the iron loss characteristics deteriorate, so the effect of adding Si cannot be expected. If it is more than 6.5%, the brittleness of the steel sheet increases and the toughness decreases, which may cause sheet fracture during the rolling process. In addition, nitrides are not sufficiently formed during the manufacturing process, making it impossible to secure sufficient grain suppression required for secondary recrystallization during the final high-temperature annealing process. Therefore, 1.0 to 6.5% of Si is preferable.
- Manganese (Mn) has the effect of reducing total iron loss by increasing resistivity and reducing eddy current loss. It not only reacts with S in a lull state to create Mn-based sulfide, but also reacts with nitrogen introduced through nitriding treatment with Si. By forming precipitates of (Al, Si, Mn) N, it not only suppresses the growth of primary recrystallized grains and causes secondary recrystallization, but is also an important element that affects the surface quality of the final product. However, if too little Mn is included, the surface quality of the final product may deteriorate.
- Mn is preferably 0.005 to 3.0%.
- Niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), and titanium (Ti) are elements that react with C and N during the manufacturing process to form precipitates, but if too much is added, they remain in the steel sheet even after secondary recrystallization annealing, deteriorating the magnetic properties of the steel sheet. Therefore, it is desirable to control the total of one or more elements selected from Nb, V, and Ti to 0.05% or less.
- Total of one or more of Cr, Sn, and Sb 2.5% or less
- Chromium (Cr) is added to reduce iron loss by promoting the formation of Goss texture, and Sn is added to suppress grain growth and ultimately improve magnetic flux density.
- antamone (Sb) has the effect of stabilizing secondary recrystallization by segregating at grain boundaries and suppressing the growth of grains. Since these three elements are all related to the formation of a secondary recrystallization structure, it is desirable to control Sn, Sb, and Cr to a total of 2.5% or less.
- Aluminum (Al) in addition to the Al-based nitride precipitated during the manufacturing process, combines with N introduced through nitriding during the primary recrystallization process and Al, Si, and Mn present in solid solution in the steel to form (Al, Si, Mn)N. And it acts as a strong grain growth inhibitor by forming nitride in the form of AlN.
- Al Al
- Si Si
- Mn metal-organic nitride
- it acts as a strong grain growth inhibitor by forming nitride in the form of AlN.
- Total of at least one of P and S 0.1% or less (0% is excluded)
- Phosphorus (P) segregates at grain boundaries and plays an auxiliary role in hindering the movement of grain boundaries and suppressing grain growth, and if too much S is added, it makes secondary recrystallization formation unstable.
- P and S are elements that are inevitably added in the process of manufacturing electrical steel sheets, and it is desirable to control the total of P and S to 0.1% or less.
- Copper (Cu) plays a role in improving the texture by being partially dissolved within the crystal grains. If the Cu + Sn content is excessive, it can segregate at the grain boundaries and form a liquid phase at high temperatures, so the total amount of Cu and Sn should be less than 0.1%. Control is desirable.
- Total rare earth elements and other impurities are less than 0.2%)
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention may contain rare earth elements such as cerium (Ce) or praseodymium (Pr) and other impurities, and no matter what rare earth elements and impurities are included, the total amount is preferably 0.2% or less.
- Rare earth elements and unavoidable impurities refer to impurities that are intentionally added or unavoidably mixed during the manufacturing process of steelmaking and grain-oriented electrical steel sheets. Since the inevitable impurities are widely known, detailed descriptions are omitted.
- the addition of elements other than the above-described alloy components is not excluded, and various elements may be included within a range that does not impair the technical spirit of the present invention. If additional elements are included, they are included by replacing the remaining Fe.
- the steel sheet having the above composition is manufactured into a slab by continuous casting and hot rolled by heating in a conventional manner.
- the hot rolled sheet is selectively annealed as needed and then cold rolled to produce cold rolled steel sheet with a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
- cold rolling can be performed once or at least twice with intermediate annealing in between.
- Primary recrystallization annealing is performed on the cold-rolled steel sheet described above through a simultaneous decarburization or post-decarburization process.
- the structure of the cold rolling deformed during the annealing process includes recrystallization and becomes decarbonitized.
- steel sheets are decarbonized and annealed in a mixed gas atmosphere containing nitrogen, hydrogen, and moisture.
- nitriding treatment to introduce nitrogen ions into the steel sheet using ammonia gas may be performed after decarburization.
- the dew point temperature of the atmospheric gas is set to 40 ⁇ 70°C in the range of 700 ⁇ 900°C for the cold rolled steel sheet charged into the furnace, and the Fe 2 SiO 4 /SiO 2 ratio on the surface is controlled to 0.5 ⁇ 3.0 to produce electrical steel sheets. Forms an oxide layer on the surface.
- an annealing separator based on MgO is applied to the surface of the electrical steel sheet.
- the steel sheet coated with the annealing separator is heated to over 1,000°C and subjected to crack annealing for a long period of time to cause secondary recrystallization, so that the ⁇ 110 ⁇ plane of the steel sheet is parallel to the rolling surface and the ⁇ 001> direction is parallel to the rolling direction in the Goss orientation.
- a collective organization is formed.
- a glass film layer containing forsterite is formed on the surface of the steel sheet, and secondary recrystallization is formed inside the steel sheet.
- the steel sheet on which secondary recrystallization has been performed is coated with a single or combined insulating coating solution of colloidal silica and metal phosphate, and then annealed to form an insulating film layer on the surface of the electrical steel sheet on which the glass film layer has been formed.
- the method of forming such an insulating film layer can be used without particular limitation.
- the insulating film layer can be formed by applying an insulating coating solution containing phosphate. It is preferable to use such an insulating coating solution containing colloidal silica and metal phosphate.
- the metal phosphate may be Al phosphate, Mg phosphate, or a combination thereof, and the content of Al, Mg, or a combination thereof relative to the weight of the insulating coating liquid may be 15% by weight or more.
- the irradiation angle of the overlapping laser beam, the quality of the laser beam used, and the type of laser mode are the same as previously described, so detailed explanations will be omitted.
- An overlapping laser beam 20 is irradiated to the surface of the manufactured electrical steel sheet to form a deformed part 10, and then a portion of the steel sheet is cut into a circle to measure the natural corrosion potential value.
- Figures 5 and 6 show a device for measuring natural corrosion potential.
- the manufactured electrical steel sheet is cut to a thickness of 0.2 mm or 0.23 mm and a diameter of 15 mm.
- at least one linear deformation part is formed in the circular specimen to be cut, and this linear deformation part is cut so that it is located in the center of the specimen.
- the specimen cut in this way is prepared to measure the natural corrosion potential value by grinding and cleaning in a conventional manner.
- the prepared specimen 55 for measuring potential value includes an electrode plate 56 exposed inside the specimen holder 51 formed at the end of the working electrode 50 (Working Electrode, WE) of the potential value measuring instrument, and Attach it tightly. Then, this specimen (55) is fixed to the specimen holder (51) using the specimen holder lid (53) with the sealing ring (54) in between. At this time, an opening 58 is formed in the front of the specimen holder lid 53 so that the specimen 55 to be measured can directly contact the electrolyte solution.
- the size of the opening 58 is 10 mm in diameter. Therefore, when measuring the actual potential value, one side of the specimen 55 with a diameter of about 10 mm is in direct contact with the electrolyte 85.
- Figure 6 shows a natural corrosion potential value measuring device used in one embodiment of the present invention.
- This measuring instrument consists of a measuring body (40), a reaction tank (80), and a working electrode (50, WE), a reference electrode (60, Reference Electrode, RE), and an auxiliary electrode (70, Counter Electrode, CE) installed in this reaction tank. .
- the reaction tank 80 has a constant temperature water inlet 81 and an outlet 83 so that the electrolyte 85 contained therein can maintain a constant temperature, and the inside is sealed.
- the working electrode (50, WE) uses a high-density carbon electrode
- the reference electrode (60, RE) uses a caromel electrode
- the auxiliary electrode (70, CE) uses a platinum electrode. It is desirable to use .
- the electrolyte (85) used when measuring the natural corrosion potential value is a 3.5% NaCl solution, the electrolyte (85) is maintained at a constant temperature of 30°C, and the specimen is installed to stabilize the initial state between the specimen (55) and the electrolyte (85). It is advisable to maintain it for 600 seconds (10 minutes) and then measure the natural corrosion potential value.
- the natural corrosion potential value can be measured by referring to open-circuit natural corrosion potential measurement methods known to those skilled in the art, such as KS D 0279 and 0238, for other conditions and characteristics related to measurement.
- This cold-rolled steel sheet was maintained at a temperature of 840°C for 150 seconds in a humid mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia (dew point temperature 69°C, Fe 2 SiO 4 /SiO 2 ratio was controlled to 1.2) and primary recrystallization annealing was performed. Including decarbonization and nitriding.
- An annealing separator containing MgO was applied to the surface of the steel sheet that had undergone primary recrystallization, and final high temperature annealing was performed. At this time, the final high-temperature annealing was done in a mixed atmosphere of 25% by volume nitrogen and 75% by volume hydrogen up to 1,150°C. After reaching 1,150°C, it was maintained in a 100% by volume hydrogen atmosphere for about 8 hours and then furnace cooled.
- a coating solution mixed with colloidal silica nanoparticles and metal phosphate was applied to the surface of the steel sheet that had completed secondary recrystallization annealing through the final high-temperature annealing process above, and heat treated for 55 seconds at a temperature of 870°C to form an insulating coating layer for grain-oriented electrical steel sheets. formed.
- a laser beam 20 in which the first laser (optical fiber) and the second laser (CO 2 ) overlap is simultaneously irradiated to form a linear deformed portion 10 on the surface of the steel sheet.
- the laser used for magnetic domain refinement was a fiber laser with an output of 52 to 150 W as the first laser (A), and a CO 2 laser with an output of 260 to 500 W as the second laser (B).
- the scanning speed of the overlapping laser beam 20 was varied within the range of 0.1 to 300 m/s, and the irradiation angle was set to 1° or less.
- Table 2 shows the test conditions and measured magnetic values for a 0.2 mm thick steel sheet
- Table 3 shows the test conditions and measured magnetic values for a 0.23 mm thick steel sheet.
- the iron loss improvement rates W15/50 and W17/50 respectively mean the iron loss improvement rates for the magnetically treated specimen compared to the original plate.
- the laser irradiation method of Comparison 1 is “sequential overlap”, which means that the CO 2 laser, which is the second laser (B), is first irradiated, and then the steel sheet is cooled to room temperature after a certain period of time, and then the first laser (A) is applied.
- the phosphorus fiber laser was sequentially irradiated.
- the natural corrosion potential value was measured for the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, and a salt spray test was also performed.
- the natural potential corrosion value was measured by cutting the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet to a diameter of 15 mm for each of 0.2 mm and 0.23 mm thick, and then using the natural corrosion potential value meter shown in Figures 5 and 6.
- the specimens with a thickness of 0.2 mm of grain-oriented electrical steel are shown in Table 4 below, and the specimens with a thickness of 0.23 mm are shown in Table 5 below.
- Tables 4 and 5 The corrosion characteristics shown in Tables 4 and 5 below are distinguished based on natural corrosion potential values and salt spray tests.
- the “ ⁇ ” mark indicates that the natural corrosion potential value is over -200 mV and that corrosion did not occur even after salt spray for 8 hours.
- the “ ⁇ ” sign indicates that the natural corrosion potential value is -200 to -350mV and that corrosion did not occur even after 8 hours of salt water spray. Additionally, the “ ⁇ ” mark indicates that the natural corrosion potential value is over -200 mV and that corrosion did not occur even after salt spray for 8 hours.
- the “ ⁇ ” sign indicates that the natural corrosion potential value is -200 to -350mV and that corrosion did not occur even after 8 hours of salt water spray. Additionally, the “ ⁇ ” mark indicates that the natural corrosion potential value is over -200 mV and that corrosion did not occur even after salt spray for 8 hours.
- the “ ⁇ ” sign indicates that the natural corrosion potential value is -200 to -350mV and that corrosion did not occur even after 8 hours of salt water spray
- the measured natural corrosion potential value is low at -650 mV or less, indicating that the corrosion characteristics are not good.
- the natural corrosion potential value appears as low as -700 mV or less when the output increases to 72 W or more, which is the power that can secure a certain degree of iron loss improvement, showing that this also has poor corrosion characteristics.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, but can be manufactured in various different forms, and a person skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be manufactured in other specific forms without changing the technical idea or essential features of the present invention. You will understand that it can be done. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
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Abstract
Description
| C (%) |
Si (%) |
Mn (%) |
Cr (%) |
Sn (%) |
Sb (%) |
Al (%) |
잔부 |
| 0.05 | 3.518 | 0.103 | 0.113 | 0.0699 | 0.019 | 0.003 | Fe |
| 구분 |
시험 조건 | 에너지 밀도 (J/mm2) |
모강판의 자성 | 자구미세화후 자성 | 철손 개선율 (W17/50, W15/50) |
|||||||
| 조사방식 | Fiber 출력(W) |
CO2 출력(W) |
조사 간격(mm) |
W15/50 | W17/50 | 상대 투자율 |
W15/50 | W17/50 | 상대 투자율 |
|||
| 실험 1 | 중첩 | 30 | 400 | 5 | 0.28 | 0.539 | 0.768 | 19820 | 0.492 | 0.695 | 19250 | 9.5/8.7 |
| 실험 2 | 52 | 260 | 5 | 0.32 | 0.539 | 0.776 | 19845 | 0.476 | 0.666 | 14582 | 14.1/11.7 | |
| 실험 3 | 92 | 260 | 5 | 0.48 | 0.548 | 0.809 | 15887 | 0.487 | 0.696 | 13076 | 14.0/11.1 | |
| 실험 4 | 100 | 220 | 5 | 0.51 | 0.539 | 0.775 | 18890 | 0.486 | 0.676 | 15153 | 12.8/9.8 | |
| 실험 5 | 150 | 200 | 5 | 0.71 | 0.535 | 0.774 | 19120 | 0.481 | 0.679 | 14525 | 12.3/10.1 | |
| 비교 1 | 순차 중첩 |
52 | 260 | 5 | 0.32 | 0.553 | 0.820 | 14238 | 0.529 | 0.773 | 13917 | 5.7/4.2 |
| 비교 2 | CO2 단독 |
- | 260 | 5 | 0.10 | 0.536 | 0.775 | 18650 | 0.526 | 0.758 | 18268 | 2.1/1.9 |
| 비교 3 | 360 | 5 | 0.14 | 0.529 | 0.767 | 18660 | 0.515 | 0.713 | 16238 | 7.0/2.6 | ||
| 비교 4 | - | 400 | 5 | 0.15 | 0.526 | 0.768 | 18670 | 0.489 | 0.701 | 14238 | 8.7/7.0 | |
| 비교 5 | 460 | 5 | 0.17 | 0.528 | 0.766 | 18675 | 0.495 | 0.703 | 14110 | 8.2/6.3 | ||
| 비교 6 | 560 | 5 | 0.21 | 0.529 | 0.768 | 18665 | 0.505 | 0.715 | 14025 | 6.9/4.5 | ||
| 비교 7 | 660 | 5 | 0.25 | 0.527 | 0.767 | 18660 | 0.515 | 0.730 | 13875 | 4.8/2.3 | ||
| 비교 8 | Fiber 단독 |
52 | - | 5 | 0.22 | 0.502 | 0.734 | 18703 | 0.492 | 0.706 | 18565 | 3.8/2.0 |
| 비교 9 | 62 | 5 | 0.26 | 0.521 | 0.761 | 18780 | 0.497 | 0.703 | 18580 | 7.6/4.6 | ||
| 비교 10 | 72 | 5 | 0.30 | 0.519 | 0.746 | 18410 | 0.490 | 0.687 | 17433 | 7.9/5.6 | ||
| 비교 11 | 82 | 5 | 0.34 | 0.521 | 0.751 | 19949 | 0.485 | 0.685 | 17284 | 8.8/6.9 | ||
| 비교 12 | 96 | - | 5 | 0.40 | 0.521 | 0.763 | 20516 | 0.489 | 0.696 | 16625 | 8.8/6.1 | |
| 비교 13 | 150 | 5 | 0.63 | 0.522 | 0.751 | 20066 | 0.495 | 0.693 | 13999 | 7.7/5.2 | ||
| 구분 |
시험 조건 | 에너지 밀도 (J/mm2) |
모강판의 자성 | 자구미세화후 자성 | 철손 개선율 (W17/50, W15/50) |
|||||||
| 조사방식 | Fiber 출력(W) |
CO2 출력(W) |
조사 간격(mm) |
W15/50 | W17/50 | 상대 투자율 |
W15/50 | W17/50 | 상대 투자율 |
|||
| 실험 6 | 중첩 | 30 | 400 | 5 | 0.28 | 0.572 | 0.801 | 19567 | 0.535 | 0.726 | 18452 | 9.4/6.5 |
| 실험 7 | 52 | 260 | 4 | 0.25 | 0.571 | 0.804 | 19364 | 0.531 | 0.732 | 16910 | 9.0/7.0 | |
| 실험 8 | 5 | 0.32 | 0.572 | 0.799 | 19276 | 0.511 | 0.709 | 17366 | 11.3/10.7 | |||
| 실험 9 | 6 | 0.38 | 0.571 | 0.801 | 19286 | 0.517 | 0.705 | 16287 | 12.0/9.5 | |||
| 실험 10 | 7 | 0.44 | 0.570 | 0.810 | 19350 | 0.527 | 0.736 | 16154 | 9.1/7.5 | |||
| 실험 11 | 92 | 260 | 5 | 0.48 | 0.571 | 0.805 | 19370 | 0.508 | 0.698 | 16054 | 13.3/11.0 | |
| 실험 12 | 100 | 230 | 5 | 0.51 | 0.572 | 0.804 | 19365 | 0.505 | 0.696 | 15956 | 13.4/11.7 | |
| 실험 13 | 150 | 200 | 5 | 0.71 | 0.572 | 0.806 | 19368 | 0.503 | 0.693 | 15756 | 14.0/12.1 | |
| 비교 14 | CO2 단독 |
- | 260 | 5 | 0.10 | 0.587 | 0.813 | 19450 | 0.573 | 0.787 | 17250 | 3.2/2.4 |
| 비교 15 | 360 | 5 | 0.14 | 0.578 | 0.815 | 19554 | 0.539 | 0.743 | 17100 | 8.8/6.7 | ||
| 비교 16 | 400 | 4 | 0.08 | 0.575 | 0.802 | 19567 | 0.558 | 0.77 | 18762 | 4.0/3.0 | ||
| 비교 17 | 5 | 0.10 | 0.572 | 0.805 | 19685 | 0.538 | 0.74 | 19012 | 8.1/5.9 | |||
| 비교 18 | 6 | 0.12 | 0.572 | 0.808 | 19376 | 0.538 | 0.741 | 17265 | 8.3/5.9 | |||
| 비교 19 | 7 | 0.14 | 0.575 | 0.805 | 18635 | 0.542 | 0.742 | 15458 | 7.8/5.7 | |||
| 비교 20 | 460 | 5 | 0.17 | 0.571 | 0.805 | 19354 | 0.536 | 0.736 | 14254 | 8.6/6.1 | ||
| 비교 21 | 560 | 5 | 0.21 | 0.572 | 0.806 | 19452 | 0.54 | 0.745 | 12354 | 7.6/5.6 | ||
| 비교 22 | 660 | 5 | 0.25 | 0.571 | 0.805 | 19387 | 0.538 | 0.742 | 11456 | 7.8/5.8 | ||
| 비교 23 | Fiber 단독 |
52 | - | 5 | 0.22 | 0.568 | 0.798 | 21547 | 0.557 | 0.772 | 21410 | 3.3/1.9 |
| 비교 24 | 62 | 5 | 0.26 | 0.571 | 0.802 | 19575 | 0.553 | 0.767 | 19025 | 4.4/3.2 | ||
| 비교 25 | 72 | 5 | 0.30 | 0.572 | 0.806 | 19565 | 0.552 | 0.765 | 18957 | 5.1/3.5 | ||
| 비교 26 | 82 | 5 | 0.34 | 0.575 | 0.805 | 19454 | 0.548 | 0.756 | 17898 | 6.1/4.7 | ||
| 비교 27 | 96 | 4 | 0.32 | 0.575 | 0.805 | 19321 | 0.548 | 0.743 | 16693 | 7.7/4.7 | ||
| 비교 28 | 5 | 0.40 | 0.572 | 0.802 | 19558 | 0.542 | 0.738 | 16452 | 8.0/5.2 | |||
| 비교 29 | 6 | 0.48 | 0.576 | 0.806 | 19548 | 0.534 | 0.736 | 16152 | 8.7/7.3 | |||
| 비교 30 | 7 | 0.56 | 0.573 | 0.804 | 19654 | 0.542 | 0.745 | 15897 | 7.3/5.4 | |||
| 비교 31 | 150 | 5 | 0.63 | 0.572 | 0.801 | 19875 | 0.554 | 0.752 | 15325 | 6.1/3.1 | ||
| 구분 |
시험 조건 | 에너지 밀도 (J/mm2) |
부식 전위값 mV |
부식 육안 관찰 |
|||
| 조사방식 | Fiber 출력(W) |
CO2 출력(W) |
조사 간격(mm) |
||||
| 실험 14 | 중첩 | 30 | 400 | 5.0 | 0.28 | -120 | ◎ |
| 실험 15 | 52 | 260 | 5.0 | 0.32 | -140 | ◎ | |
| 실험 16 | 92 | 260 | 5.0 | 0.48 | -160 | ◎ | |
| 실험 17 | 100 | 230 | 5.0 | 0.51 | -200 | ◎ | |
| 실험 18 | 150 | 200 | 5.0 | 0.71 | -345 | ○ | |
| 비교 32 | 순차 중첩 |
52 | 260 | 5.0 | 0.32 | -720 | X |
| 비교 33 | CO2 단독 |
- | 260 | 5.0 | 0.10 | -210 | ○ |
| 비교 34 | 360 | 5.0 | 0.14 | -660 | X | ||
| 비교 35 | 400 | 5.0 | 0.15 | -680 | X | ||
| 비교 36 | 460 | 5.0 | 0.17 | -685 | X | ||
| 비교 37 | 560 | 5.0 | 0.21 | -670 | X | ||
| 비교 38 | 660 | 5.0 | 0.25 | -690 | X | ||
| 비교 39 | Fiber 단독 |
52 | - | 5.0 | 0.22 | -120 | ◎ |
| 비교 40 | 62 | 5.0 | 0.26 | -740 | X | ||
| 비교 41 | 72 | 5.0 | 0.30 | -735 | X | ||
| 비교 42 | 82 | 5.0 | 0.34 | -750 | X | ||
| 비교 43 | 96 | 5.0 | 0.40 | -800 | X | ||
| 비교 44 | 150 | 5.0 | 0.63 | -820 | X | ||
| 구분 |
시험 조건 | 에너지 밀도 (J/mm2) |
부식 전위값 mV |
부식 육안 관찰 |
|||
| 조사방식 | Fiber 출력(W) |
CO2 출력(W) |
조사 간격(mm) |
||||
| 실험 19 | 중첩 | 30 | 400 | 5.0 | 0.28 | -110 | ◎ |
| 실험 20 | 52 | 260 | 4 | 0.25 | -145 | ◎ | |
| 실험 21 | 52 | 260 | 5 | 0.32 | -158 | ◎ | |
| 실험 22 | 52 | 260 | 6 | 0.38 | -142 | ◎ | |
| 실험 23 | 52 | 260 | 7 | 0.44 | -160 | ◎ | |
| 실험 24 | 92 | 260 | 5.0 | 0.48 | -165 | ◎ | |
| 실험 25 | 100 | 230 | 5.0 | 0.51 | -220 | ○ | |
| 실험 26 | 150 | 200 | 5.0 | 0.71 | -340 | ○ | |
| 비교 45 | CO2 단독 |
- | 260 | 5 | 0.10 | -205 | ○ |
| 비교 46 | 360 | 5.0 | 0.14 | -658 | X | ||
| 비교 47 | 400 | 4 | 0.12 | -675 | X | ||
| 비교 48 | 5 | 0.15 | -685 | X | |||
| 비교 49 | 6 | 0.18 | -680 | X | |||
| 비교 50 | 7 | 0.21 | -689 | X | |||
| 비교 51 | 460 | 5.0 | 0.17 | -680 | X | ||
| 비교 52 | 560 | 5.0 | 0.21 | -695 | X | ||
| 비교 53 | 660 | 5.0 | 0.25 | -679 | X | ||
| 비교 54 | Fiber 단독 |
52 | - | 5.0 | 0.22 | -115 | ◎ |
| 비교 55 | 62 | 5.0 | 0.26 | -725 | X | ||
| 비교 56 | 72 | 5.0 | 0.30 | -745 | X | ||
| 비교 57 | 82 | 5.0 | 0.34 | -755 | X | ||
| 비교 58 | 96 | 4 | 0.32 | -840 | X | ||
| 비교 59 | 96 | 5 | 0.40 | -810 | X | ||
| 비교 60 | 6 | 0.48 | -815 | X | |||
| 비교 61 | 7 | 0.56 | -830 | X | |||
| 비교 62 | 150 | 5.0 | 0.63 | -850 | X | ||
Claims (22)
- 제1 파장의 제1 레이저 빔이 조사되어 형성되고 있는 제1 빔스팟과제2 파장의 제2 레이저 빔이 조사되어 형성되고 있는 제2 빔스팟으로 이루어지고상기 제1 빔스팟이 상기 제2 빔스팟의 내부에 일부 또는 전부가 위치하도록 제어되어 형성되고 있는 중첩 레이저빔을전기강판의 표면에 조사하여 변형부를 형성하는, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 중첩 레이저빔의 제1 레이저는 단파장 레이저이고 제2 레이저는 상기 단파장 레이저의 파장 보다 긴 파장의 장파장 레이저인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저와 상기 제2 레이저를 동시에 중첩한 상기 중첩 레이저빔을 2차 재결정이 이루어진 상기 전기강판의 표면에 압연방향의 직각 또는 경사진 방향으로 조사하여 선상의 변형부를 형성하는, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저 또는 상기 제2 레이저의 빔 형상은 타원형 또는 원형 중 어느 하나인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저는 광섬유 레이저, YAG 레이저 또는 디스크 레이저 중 어느 하나이고, 상기 제2 레이저는 CO2 레이저인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저인 광섬유 레이저의 빔 스팟은 폭이 10 내지 200 ㎛이고, 길이는 상기 CO2 레이저 빔 스팟의 길이 이하 또는 그 이상의 타원형 또는 원형인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제2 레이저인 CO2 레이저의 빔 스팟은 폭이 100 내지 400 ㎛ 이고, 길이는 0.4 내지 20 mm 인 타원형 빔 스팟인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 중첩 레이저빔의 조사 간격은 2 ~ 10 mm이고, 주사 속도는 0.1 내지 300 m/sec인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 중첩 레이저 빔의 경사 방향은 ±10°이하인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제1 레이저인 광섬유 레이저의 출력은 10 내지 150 W이고, 상기 YAG 레이저의 출력은 10 내지 250 W이며, 상기 제2 레이저인 CO2 레이저의 출력은 200 내지 500 W 인, 방향성 전기강판의 자구 미세화 방법.
- 전기강판 기재; 와상기 전기강판 기재 상에 위치하는 절연 피막층을 포함하고,상기 전기강판 기재의 표면에 하나 이상의 선형의 변형부가 형성되고 상기 전기강판의 자연부식 전위값이 (-) 350 mv 이상인, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 전기강판 기재와 상기 절연 피막층 사이에 유리 피막층이 형성된, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 자연부식 전위값이 (-) 50 내지 (-) 300 mV 인, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 절연 피막층의 표면에 재응고층이 형성되어 있는, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 재응고층의 두께는 상기 절연 피막층 단면 두께의 20% 이내인, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제11에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 W15/50 철손 개선율이 6 % 이상인, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제11에 있어서,상기 전기강판의 W17/50 철손 개선율이 9 % 이상인, 방향성 전기강판.
- 전기강판 기재; 와상기 전기강판 기재 상에 위치하는 절연 피막층을 포함하고,상기 전기강판의 표면에 하나 이상의 선형의 변형부가 형성되고, 상기 선형의 변형부 상부의 상기 절연 피막층 표면에 재응고층이 형성되어 있는 방향성 전기강판.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 전기강판 기재와 상기 절연 피막층 사이에 유리 피막층이 형성된, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 변형부 상부의 상기 절연 피막층의 두께는 변형부가 미형성된 영역 상부의 절연 피막층의 두께의 60% 이상인, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 재응고층은 규소 산화물을 주성분으로 하고, 상기 절연 피막층은 인산염 또는 콜로이달 실리카를 주성분으로 하는, 방향성 전기강판.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 재응고층의 두께는 상기 절연 피막층 단면 두께의 20% 이내인 방향성 전기강판.
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| JP2025536349A JP2026501246A (ja) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-11-03 | 方向性電磁鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| CN202380088285.6A CN120359312A (zh) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-11-03 | 取向电钢板以及其制造方法 |
| EP23907391.9A EP4640854A4 (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-11-03 | GRAIN-ORIENTED ELECTRICAL STEEL SHEET AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
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| KR1020220180158A KR20240098423A (ko) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| KR10-2022-0180158 | 2022-12-21 |
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| EP (1) | EP4640854A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2026501246A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR20240098423A (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN120359312A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2024136105A1 (ko) |
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| KR20240098885A (ko) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| KR20240098852A (ko) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 자구미세화 방법 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3944615B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-27 | 2007-07-11 | ナルックス株式会社 | レーザアシストによる加工装置 |
| KR101440597B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-16 | 2014-09-17 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20200076501A (ko) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| KR20210080085A (ko) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 자구미세화 방법 |
| KR20210080100A (ko) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 자구미세화 방법 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0897016B8 (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 2007-04-25 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent magnetic characteristics, its manufacturing method and its manufacturing device |
| JP4515034B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-28 | 2010-07-28 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 半導体装置の作製方法 |
| US7279721B2 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2007-10-09 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Dual wavelength thermal flux laser anneal |
| US20120074117A1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-29 | Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates, Inc. | In-situ heating and co-annealing for laser annealed junction formation |
| JP6003197B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-07 | 2016-10-05 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 磁区細分化処理方法 |
| CN110106320B (zh) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-09-11 | 南京苏星智能装备有限公司 | 一种智能多头取向硅钢激光刻痕装备及其控制方法 |
| JP7367779B2 (ja) * | 2020-08-27 | 2023-10-24 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法 |
| KR20240098885A (ko) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| KR20240098852A (ko) * | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 자구미세화 방법 |
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2022
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- 2023-11-03 CN CN202380088285.6A patent/CN120359312A/zh active Pending
- 2023-11-03 WO PCT/KR2023/017460 patent/WO2024136105A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-11-03 EP EP23907391.9A patent/EP4640854A4/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3944615B2 (ja) * | 1997-05-27 | 2007-07-11 | ナルックス株式会社 | レーザアシストによる加工装置 |
| KR101440597B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-16 | 2014-09-17 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20200076501A (ko) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| KR20210080085A (ko) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 자구미세화 방법 |
| KR20210080100A (ko) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 방향성 전기강판 및 그 자구미세화 방법 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4640854A1 (en) | 2025-10-29 |
| KR20240098423A (ko) | 2024-06-28 |
| CN120359312A (zh) | 2025-07-22 |
| JP2026501246A (ja) | 2026-01-14 |
| EP4640854A4 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
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