WO2024136178A1 - 무방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
무방향성 전기강판 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
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- H01F1/14775—Fe-Si based alloys in the form of sheets
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- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
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- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14791—Fe-Si-Al based alloys, e.g. Sendust
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
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Definitions
- the present invention mainly relates to a method of manufacturing non-oriented electrical steel sheets used as iron core materials for motors and generators, which are rotating devices, and small transformers, which are stationary devices. More specifically, it relates to a method of manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, which is used as a material for iron cores of rotating machines, such as motors and generators, and small transformers, which are stationary machines. This relates to a non-oriented electrical steel sheet with excellent high-frequency iron loss that can be manufactured by appropriately controlling the distribution of precipitates.
- motors or generators which are energy conversion devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy
- rotating devices such as motors and generators and stationary devices such as small transformers
- non-oriented electrical steel is used as an iron core material and is a material that has a significant impact on efficiency. Therefore, the demand for improving the efficiency of motors and generators is based on non-oriented electrical steel. This is leading to demands for improved characteristics.
- the representative magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel are iron loss and magnetic flux density.
- the higher the magnetic flux density the greater the magnetic field can be induced with the same energy. To obtain the same magnetic flux density, a small current can be applied. Therefore, energy efficiency can be improved.
- high-frequency iron loss has emerged as a more important characteristic than commercial frequency (50Hz) iron loss. This is because as the rotational speed of the motor increases, high-frequency iron loss has a greater effect on efficiency than commercial frequency iron loss.
- a representative example is the high-frequency iron loss of 400Hz in the case of non-oriented electrical steel sheets used in drive motors applied to eco-friendly cars, etc.
- the most basic and efficient way to reduce iron loss is to increase the amount of Si, Al, and Mn, which are elements with high resistivity, or to thin the thickness of the steel sheet.
- Increasing the amount of Si, Al, and Mn added increases the resistivity of the steel, which has the effect of reducing iron loss by reducing eddy current loss among the iron losses of non-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- high-frequency iron loss the ratio of eddy current loss to iron loss is larger, so high-frequency iron loss is reduced. It can be a very effective method in terms of reduction.
- the effect varies depending on the addition ratio, and the magnetic flux density deteriorates as the amount of alloy element added increases.
- Patent Document 1 among the prior technologies for non-oriented electrical steel sheets, sets the composition weight ratio (MnO/SiO 2 ) of MnO and SiO 2 in the oxide-based inclusions in the steel to 0.43 or less, and finishes rolling during hot rolling by adjusting the friction coefficient between the steel and the roll.
- a method of improving magnetism by improving the texture was proposed by performing hot-rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling, and cold-rolled sheet annealing in a ferrite single-phase region with a finish rolling temperature of 700°C or higher and a final rolling temperature of 0.2 or less. In this case, the thickness of the hot-rolled sheet was increased to 1.0. Because it must be controlled to less than mm, productivity is low and commercial production is difficult.
- Patent Document 2 proposed a method of controlling the heating rate to 50°C/s or more during final annealing in order to improve the texture of non-oriented electrical steel sheet and secure excellent magnetic properties. As rapid heating was performed, the texture improved. This may be possible, but the fact that magnetism may become inferior as the microstructure becomes non-uniform is not taken into consideration.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that in order to manufacture non-oriented electrical steel sheets with excellent magnetic properties in the rolling direction, skin pass rolling is performed at a reduction ratio of 3 to 10% in addition to the processes of hot rolling, hot rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling, and cold rolled sheet annealing. A re-annealing process was performed, but this also had the problem of increasing costs due to the additional process.
- Patent Document 4 proposes a method of obtaining a steel sheet with low iron loss by reducing specific impurity elements contained in steel to a very low level and securing the ease of grain growth by adding a skin pass process, but it is necessary to obtain a steel sheet with low iron loss for extremely low management of impurities. There is a disadvantage that it causes an increase in cost.
- Patent Document 5 proposes a technology in which the precipitation of MnS is suppressed by adding rare earth elements such as Ca, Mg, and REM, and the grains are small before stress relief, but the grains grow during stress relief annealing, resulting in excellent iron loss.
- rare earth elements such as Ca, Mg, and REM
- this also has the disadvantage that it is accompanied by an increase in manufacturing costs for the addition and control of additional elements and that it is difficult to secure the effect if stress relief annealing is not performed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2009-102739
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2016-199787
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-265720
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-050686
- Patent Document 5 Korean Patent Publication No. 2001-0100866
- the present invention strictly controls the steel composition and appropriately controls the heat treatment time at the cracking temperature and the temperature rise and cooling rates according to the component content during the hot-rolled sheet annealing process to coarsely control the precipitates in the steel to produce a non-oriented electrical steel sheet with excellent magnetic properties.
- the purpose is to provide.
- C 0.005% or less
- Si 2.50-4.50%
- Mn 0.10-2.50%
- P 0.002-0.020%
- S 0.0010-0.0050%
- Al 0.50-2.50%
- N 0.0050% or less
- Ti 0.0050% or less
- Al, Si and Mn satisfy the following equation 1, and show a precipitation distribution that satisfies the following equation 3 in the steel sheet microstructure, non-oriented electrical steel sheet It's about.
- [Al], [Mn], and [Si] are the addition amounts (% by weight) of Al, Mn, and Si, respectively.
- the steel plate microstructure may satisfy the following relational equation 4.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may have a specific resistance ( ⁇ ) of 63 ⁇ cm or more at room temperature.
- the iron loss (W10/400) of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may be 12.0 W/Kg or less, and the magnetic flux density (B50) may be 1.60 T or more.
- the iron loss W10/40 is the average loss (W/Kg) in the rolling direction and the vertical direction of rolling when a magnetic flux density of 1.0 Tesla is induced at a frequency of 400 Hz, and the magnetic flux density B50 is when a magnetic field of 5000 A/m is added. This is the magnitude (Tesla) of the induced magnetic flux density.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may additionally include one or more of Sn and Sb in an amount of 0.2% or less.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may further include one or more of Cu and Ni in an amount of 0.05% or less.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may additionally contain Cr in a range of 0.1% or less.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet may further include one or more of Zr, Mo, and V in an amount of 0.01% or less.
- the cracking temperature is controlled to 850 to 1100°C and the cracking time is controlled to the range of 30 to 300 seconds, and the temperature increase rate (HR,°C/s) from 600°C to the crack zone temperature during temperature increase and 600°C after cracking are controlled. It relates to a method of manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, characterized in that the cooling rate (CR, °C/s) up to °C is controlled to satisfy the following relational equation 2.
- [Al], [Mn], and [Si] are the addition amounts (% by weight) of Al, Mn, and Si, respectively.
- [Al], [Mn], [N], and [S] are the addition amounts (% by weight) of Al, Mn, N, and S, respectively.
- the final annealed electrical steel sheet exhibits a precipitation distribution that satisfies Equation 3 and Equation 4 in the steel sheet microstructure, has a specific resistance ( ⁇ ) at room temperature of 63 ⁇ cm or more, and an iron loss (W10/400) of 12.0W/400 after final annealing. Kg or less, and the magnetic flux density (B50) may be 1.60T or more.
- the precipitates in the steel are coarsened to reduce the specific resistance ( ⁇ ) at room temperature. It is possible to effectively provide a non-oriented electrical steel sheet with excellent magnetic properties that is 63 ⁇ cm or more, has an iron loss (W10/400) of 12.0W/Kg or less after final annealing, and a magnetic flux density (B50) of 1.60T or more.
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, by adjusting the addition amounts of Si, Mn, and Al, which are essential components in the composition system of the existing non-oriented electrical steel sheet, to 2.5-4.5%, 0.1-2.5%, and 0.5-2.5%, respectively.
- Si, Mn, and Al which are essential components in the composition system of the existing non-oriented electrical steel sheet, to 2.5-4.5%, 0.1-2.5%, and 0.5-2.5%, respectively.
- Al, Mn, and Si satisfy the composition equation 1 of 0.60 ⁇ ([Al]+[Mn])/[Si] ⁇ 1.00.
- hot rolling, hot rolled sheet annealing, cold rolling, and cold rolled sheet annealing are performed.
- the crack heat treatment time is 30 seconds or more and the temperature is raised to 600°C.
- the temperature increase rate (HR, °C/s) from the crack zone temperature and the cooling rate (CR, °C/s) to 600 °C after cracking are appropriately controlled according to the equation 2 below to coarsen the distribution of precipitates in the steel sheet microstructure. I order it.
- the important elements whose addition and content must be controlled in the present invention are Si, Al, Mn, N, and S.
- the most efficient way to reduce iron loss is to increase the resistivity of steel by adding Si, Al, and Mn.
- the proportion of eddy current loss among iron losses increases, and the effect of increasing resistivity becomes greater.
- the addition amount of Si, Al, Mn, etc. increases, the iron loss decreases, but it reduces the saturation magnetic flux density, deteriorating the magnetic flux density, and also increases the brittleness of the material, resulting in inferior cold rolling properties and lowering productivity. Therefore, in order to secure productivity while maintaining low iron loss and high magnetic flux density, it is necessary not only to control the addition amounts of Si, Al, and Mn, but also to appropriately combine the addition ratios of each element, so the above relational equation 1 is proposed.
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention obtained has, in weight percent, C: 0.005% or less, Si: 2.50 to 4.50%, Mn: 0.10 to 2.50%, P: 0.002 to 0.020%, S: 0.0010 to 0.0050%.
- the electrical steel sheet of the present invention has a specific resistance ( ⁇ ) of 63 ⁇ cm or more at room temperature, an iron loss (W10/400) of 12.0 W/Kg or less, and a magnetic flux density (B50) of 1.60 T or more, and has excellent high-frequency iron loss and magnetic flux density. It can be expressed.
- [Al], [Mn], and [Si] are the addition amounts (% by weight) of Al, Mn, and Si, respectively.
- Si is a major element added to increase the resistivity of steel to reduce eddy current loss among iron losses, and must be added at more than 2.50% to ensure low iron loss characteristics, especially in the high frequency region. Meanwhile, as the addition amount increases, the magnetic flux density decreases significantly and the rollability deteriorates due to increased brittleness, so it is desirable to limit the addition amount to 4.50% or less. More preferably, it is limited to 3.00-4.00%.
- Mn is an element that increases resistivity and lowers iron loss, and is also an element that improves texture.
- the addition amount is limited to 0.10 to 2.50%. More preferably, it is limited to 0.50-2.00%.
- Al is an element added because it plays an important role in reducing iron loss by increasing resistivity together with Si, and also reduces magnetic anisotropy, thereby reducing magnetic deviation in the rolling direction and the rolling direction.
- the addition amount is small, the effect of reducing iron loss is not significant, and if the addition amount is too large, the magnetic flux density is greatly inferior, so the addition amount is limited to 0.50 to 2.50%. More preferably, it is limited to 0.60-2.00%.
- C combines with Ti, Nb, etc. to form carbide, which reduces magnetism, and when used after being processed into electrical products in final products, iron loss increases due to magnetic aging, which reduces the efficiency of electrical devices. Therefore, it is preferably limited to 0.0050% or less.
- S is an element that forms sulfides such as MnS, CuS, and (Cu,Mn)S, which are harmful to magnetic properties, so it is desirable to add it as low as possible.
- sulfides such as MnS, CuS, and (Cu,Mn)S, which are harmful to magnetic properties, so it is desirable to add it as low as possible.
- magnetism may heat up due to the increase in sulfides. Since it is harmful, it should be contained at 0.0010 ⁇ 0.0050%.
- N is an element harmful to magnetism, as it strongly binds with Al, Ti, Nb, etc. to form nitride and inhibits grain growth, so it is preferable to contain it in small amounts, and in the present invention, it is limited to 0.0050% or less.
- Ti combines with C and N to form fine carbides and nitrides, thereby suppressing grain growth and lowering the magnetic flux density. As more Ti is added, the texture becomes poorer due to the increased carbides and nitrides, which worsens the magnetism, which is why the present invention is limited to 0.0050% or less.
- P is a grain boundary and surface segregation element and has the effect of improving the texture of steel.
- the addition amount is less than 0.002%, the effect is minimal, and if it is added in excess of 0.02%, iron loss is lowered by suppressing grain growth, and productivity is lowered by lowering rollability due to grain boundary segregation, so the addition amount is between 0.002 and 0.002%. It should be controlled to 0.020%. More preferably, it is limited to 0.003-0.010%.
- Sn and Sb which are generally known as elements that improve texture, may also be added to further improve magnetism.
- one or more of Sn and Sb may be additionally included in the range of 0.2% or less.
- Cu and Ni may be added for reasons such as improving magnetism, but they may react with impurity elements to form fine sulfides, carbides, and nitrides, which may have a detrimental effect on magnetism. Therefore, in the present invention, one of Cu and Ni is used. Species abnormalities may be additionally included in the range of 0.05% or less.
- Cr is similar to Cu and Ni, but has the effect of improving magnetism by increasing resistivity, so it can be added in amounts of 0.1% or less.
- Zr, Mo, V, etc. are strong carbonitride forming elements, it is preferable not to add them as much as possible.
- Zr, Mo, and V may be included individually or in combination of two or more in an amount of 0.01% or less.
- the remainder is composed of Fe and other inevitable impurities.
- Si, Al, and Mn are added Si: 2.50 to 4.50%, Mn: 0.10 to 2.50%, and Al: 0.50 to 2.50%, and the Al, Mn, and Si are added according to the following relational formula 1: It is necessary to satisfy, and the specific reasons are as follows.
- [Al], [Mn], and [Si] are the addition amounts (% by weight) of Al, Mn, and Si, respectively.
- the iron loss of non-oriented electrical steel is divided into hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. If the resistivity of the steel is increased by adding elements such as Si, Al, and Mn, the eddy current loss can be greatly reduced. In particular, as the frequency increases, the proportion of total iron loss accounted for by eddy current loss increases, so for excellent high-frequency iron loss, it is necessary to control the resistivity of the steel above a certain level. Through the present invention, when the resistivity ( ⁇ ) of the steel is more than 63 ⁇ cm, It was confirmed that excellent characteristics could be secured. Among Si, Al, and Mn, the element that increases the resistivity of steel the most is Si, but an increase in the amount of Si added increases the brittleness of the steel and reduces productivity.
- the electrical steel sheet of the present invention can exhibit a precipitation distribution that satisfies the following relational equation 3 in the steel sheet microstructure.
- the electrical steel sheet of the present invention showing this precipitate distribution may have a specific resistance ( ⁇ ) of 63 ⁇ cm or more at room temperature.
- the iron loss (W10/400) can be less than 12.0W/Kg and the magnetic flux density (B50) can be more than 1.60T.
- the iron loss W10/40 is the average loss (W/Kg) in the rolling direction and the vertical direction of rolling when a magnetic flux density of 1.0 Tesla is induced at a frequency of 400 Hz
- the magnetic flux density B50 is when a magnetic field of 5000 A/m is added. This is the magnitude (Tesla) of the induced magnetic flux density.
- the method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention is, in weight percent, C: 0.005% or less, Si: 2.50-4.50%, Mn: 0.10-2.50%, P: 0.002-0.020%, S: 0.0010-0.0050%, Al : 0.50 ⁇ 2.50%, N: 0.0050% or less, Ti: 0.0050% or less, process of reheating the slab containing the remaining Fe and inevitable impurities; A process of manufacturing a hot rolled steel sheet by hot rolling the reheated slab; A process of cold rolling the hot rolled steel sheet and then annealing the hot rolled sheet or annealing the hot rolled sheet without cold rolling; A process of air cooling the hot-rolled annealed steel sheet after pickling; and a process of cold rolling the air-cooled hot-rolled steel sheet; And in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet manufacturing method including the process of final annealing the cold-rolled cold-rolled steel sheet, the Al, Si, and Mn satisfy the relational expression 1, and during the hot-rolled sheet
- the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention can be manufactured through normal reheating, hot rolling, annealing of hot-rolled sheets, cold rolling after pickling, and annealing of cold-rolled sheets of steel slabs composed as described above.
- cold rolling is performed at 1 It may be performed by two or more rounds of cold rolling with repeated or intermediate annealing in between.
- the description of the manufacturing conditions below is representative and does not necessarily apply to the conditions below.
- Steel slabs can be reheated below 1200°C and then hot rolled. If the reheating temperature is above 1200°C, precipitates such as nitrides, carbides, and sulfides present in the slab may be re-dissolved and finely precipitated during hot rolling and annealing, thereby suppressing grain growth and lowering magnetism.
- Hot-rolled sheet annealing conditions are a very important process for improving the texture of non-oriented electrical steel sheets, and are also a very important process for controlling the distribution of precipitates.
- the more precipitates in a non-oriented electrical steel sheet the more the magnetism deteriorates.
- the finer the precipitates the more the magnetism deteriorates.
- hot-rolled sheet annealing conditions must be controlled according to the composition. Therefore, precipitates must be controlled in the hot-rolled sheet annealing process, which is the last heat treatment process to control the distribution of precipitates before final annealing.
- the present inventors have found that the holding time at the cracking temperature in the hot-rolled sheet annealing process, the temperature increase rate from 600°C to the cracking temperature, and the cooling rate to 600°C after cracking heat treatment are controlled according to the composition, It was confirmed that by coarsening the distribution of precipitates, magnetic deterioration could be suppressed as much as possible and excellent magnetic properties could be secured.
- the holding time at the cracking temperature in the hot-rolled sheet annealing process must be 30 seconds or more so that coarse precipitates can be formed, and if it is less than 30 seconds, fine precipitates are formed. If the holding time is too long, the crystal grains become too coarse and cold rolling properties are deteriorated, so it is advisable to set it to 300 seconds or less.
- the cracking temperature in the hot rolled sheet annealing process is preferably in the range of 850 to 1100°C. If the hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature is below 850°C, the grain growth is insufficient, the texture is poor, and the distribution of precipitates cannot be controlled. If the annealing temperature exceeds 1100°C, the grain growth becomes coarse, poor cold rolling properties, and the precipitates become fine. It precipitates and its magnetism deteriorates.
- [Al], [Mn], [N], and [S] are the addition amounts (% by weight) of Al, Mn, N, and S, respectively.
- the temperature increase rate from 600°C to the cracking temperature and the cooling rate to 600°C after cracking heat treatment are preferably controlled within the range of 5°C/s to 100°C/s to ensure uniform microstructure and texture. .
- the annealed hot-rolled sheet is pickled and cold-rolled in a conventional manner.
- Cold rolling is the final rolling to a thickness of 0.10mm to 0.30mm.
- the thickness of the final product greatly affects the iron loss and has a significant impact on high-frequency iron loss, so it must be less than 0.3 mmt to ensure excellent high-frequency iron loss.
- the cold rolling can be performed as one cold rolling, if necessary, or as two cold rollings with intermediate annealing in between. In any case, the final reduction ratio must be in the range of 50 to 95% to ensure excellent magnetic properties through appropriate texture control.
- the cold rolled steel sheet is finally subjected to cold rolled annealing.
- the annealing temperature is not significantly limited as long as it is the temperature generally applied to non-oriented electrical steel sheets.
- the iron loss of non-oriented electrical steel is closely related to the grain size.
- the iron loss of non-oriented electrical steel can be divided into hysteresis loss and eddy current loss.
- the hysteresis loss decreases as the grain size increases, and conversely, the eddy current loss increases as the grain size increases, so the optimal grain size is used to minimize the sum of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. Size exists. Therefore, it is important to derive and apply an annealing temperature that can secure the optimal grain size, and the annealing temperature is preferably 850 to 1100°C. If the annealing temperature is lower than 850°C, the grains are too fine and hysteresis loss increases, and if it exceeds 1100°C, the grains are too coarse, which may increase eddy current loss and result in inferior iron loss.
- the final annealed plate is shipped to the customer after treatment with an insulating film.
- the insulating film can be treated with organic, inorganic, and organic-inorganic composite films, and can also be treated with other insulating coating agents. Customers can use the steel plate as is after processing.
- the microstructure of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention manufactured through the composition and manufacturing process as described above can exhibit a precipitate distribution that satisfies the following equation 3, whereby the specific resistance ( ⁇ ) at room temperature is 63 ⁇ cm or more.
- the iron loss (W10/400) of the steel plate is less than 12.0W/Kg, and the magnetic flux density (B50) is more than 1.60T, which can provide excellent high-frequency iron loss characteristics.
- the annealed hot-rolled sheet was cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.2 mm, and then the cold-rolled sheet was finally annealed at a temperature in the range of 900 to 1050°C.
- the iron loss W10/400 and magnetic flux density B50 were measured and the results are shown in Table 2 below. Meanwhile, in this experiment, the iron loss W10/400 represents the average loss (W/Kg) in the rolling direction and the rolling vertical direction when a magnetic flux density of 1.0 Tesla is induced at a frequency of 400Hz, and the magnetic flux density B50 is a magnetic field of 5000A/m added. It represents the magnitude (Tesla) of magnetic flux density induced when
- equation 1 is ([Al]+[Mn])/[Si].
- equation 2 is (HR+CR)/1000 ⁇ ([Al]+[Mn])*([N]+[S]) ⁇ , and the temperature increase rate (HR) is from 600°C to the crack zone temperature. is the temperature increase rate, and the cooling rate (CR) is the cooling rate up to 600°C after cracking heat treatment.
- relational equation 3 refers to the number ratio (%) of sulfides and nitrides larger than 0.2 ⁇ m among precipitates with a size of 0 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m in the steel microstructure
- relational equation 4 refers to the number of nitrides larger than 0.5 ⁇ m in the steel microstructure.
- the 1-15 steels (invention examples) that satisfy the composition and manufacturing process conditions of the electrical steel sheet of the present invention contain sulfides and nitrides of 0.2 ⁇ m or more among precipitates of 0 to 0.5 ⁇ m in the relational formula 3.
- the number ratio was more than 10%, and the number of nitrides larger than 0.5 ⁇ m according to equation 4 satisfied all of 100 pieces/mm 2 , so the iron loss (W10/400) after final annealing was less than 12.0W/Kg and the magnetic flux density (B50) It showed very excellent magnetic properties of 1.60T or more. Additionally, the specific resistance was over 63 ⁇ cm at room temperature.
- steel No. 19 did not meet the requirements of Equation 2 when adding Mn and Al and annealing hot rolled sheets. It did not satisfy Equation 3 and showed inferior iron loss W10/400 and magnetic flux density B50.
- steel No. 20 not only does not satisfy the Mn and Al addition amounts and Equation 1, but also does not satisfy the requirements of Equation 2 when annealing hot-rolled sheets.
- sulfides and sulfides larger than 0.2 ⁇ m are The number ratio of nitrides was less than 10% and the number of nitrides larger than 0.5 ⁇ m in Equation 4 was less than 100/mm 2 , resulting in inferior iron loss W10/400 and magnetic flux density B50.
- the number ratio of sulfides and nitrides larger than 0.2 ⁇ m was less than 10%
- the number of nitrides larger than 0.5 ⁇ m in Equation 4 was less than 100/mm 2 , showing inferior iron loss W10/400 and magnetic flux density B50.
- the contents of Si, Mn, and Al are within the scope of the present invention, but it does not satisfy the requirements of Equation 1 and Equation 2.
- sulfides and nitrides of 0.2 ⁇ m or more are contained.
- the number ratio of is less than 10% and the number of nitrides larger than 0.5 ⁇ m in equation 5 is less than 100 pieces/mm 2 , showing inferior iron loss W10/400 and magnetic flux density B50.
- the specific resistance ( ⁇ ) at room temperature did not meet the requirement of 63 ⁇ cm or more.
- Equation 1 for Si, Mn, and Al, but also does not satisfy the cracking time condition of 30 to 300 seconds and the requirements of Equation 2 during hot-rolled sheet annealing, resulting in 0.5 ⁇ m-sized precipitates in Equation 3.
- the number ratio of sulfides and nitrides larger than 0.2 ⁇ m was less than 10%
- the number of nitrides larger than 0.5 ⁇ m in Equation 4 was less than 100/mm 2 , which were not satisfied, resulting in inferior iron loss W10/400 and magnetic flux density B50.
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Abstract
Description
| 강종 | 조성성분(중량%) | 관계식1 | |||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | Ti | N | ||
| 1 | 0.0028 | 2.98 | 0.40 | 0.009 | 0.0038 | 1.79 | 0.0036 | 0.0022 | 0.73 |
| 2 | 0.0024 | 3.51 | 1.30 | 0.002 | 0.0026 | 2.07 | 0.0015 | 0.0010 | 0.96 |
| 3 | 0.0023 | 3.20 | 1.50 | 0.009 | 0.0019 | 1.19 | 0.0012 | 0.0029 | 0.84 |
| 4 | 0.0018 | 3.06 | 1.27 | 0.005 | 0.0017 | 1.47 | 0.0018 | 0.0015 | 0.90 |
| 5 | 0.0028 | 3.73 | 0.77 | 0.009 | 0.0017 | 1.49 | 0.0006 | 0.0027 | 0.61 |
| 6 | 0.0028 | 4.04 | 2.00 | 0.012 | 0.0026 | 0.78 | 0.0017 | 0.0018 | 0.69 |
| 7 | 0.0030 | 3.39 | 0.70 | 0.007 | 0.0025 | 1.52 | 0.0019 | 0.0021 | 0.65 |
| 8 | 0.0006 | 3.05 | 0.58 | 0.003 | 0.0011 | 1.42 | 0.0023 | 0.0025 | 0.66 |
| 9 | 0.0024 | 3.95 | 1.55 | 0.009 | 0.0017 | 1.52 | 0.0014 | 0.0015 | 0.78 |
| 10 | 0.0021 | 3.81 | 2.22 | 0.009 | 0.0013 | 1.07 | 0.0014 | 0.0017 | 0.86 |
| 11 | 0.0017 | 3.01 | 1.95 | 0.005 | 0.0012 | 0.60 | 0.0006 | 0.0015 | 0.85 |
| 12 | 0.0006 | 3.60 | 1.13 | 0.005 | 0.0012 | 1.79 | 0.0017 | 0.0030 | 0.81 |
| 13 | 0.0010 | 3.15 | 1.38 | 0.006 | 0.0025 | 1.66 | 0.0018 | 0.0028 | 0.97 |
| 14 | 0.0030 | 2.90 | 1.21 | 0.006 | 0.0030 | 1.57 | 0.0022 | 0.0024 | 0.96 |
| 15 | 0.0025 | 3.16 | 1.56 | 0.010 | 0.0027 | 1.24 | 0.0030 | 0.0010 | 0.89 |
| 16 | 0.0022 | 3.78 | 2.97 | 0.005 | 0.0026 | 0.90 | 0.0005 | 0.0014 | 1.02 |
| 17 | 0.0016 | 2.85 | 0.05 | 0.003 | 0.0015 | 2.92 | 0.0010 | 0.0022 | 1.04 |
| 18 | 0.0016 | 3.19 | 1.20 | 0.004 | 0.0029 | 0.43 | 0.0006 | 0.0030 | 0.51 |
| 19 | 0.0022 | 3.82 | 2.51 | 0.007 | 0.0017 | 0.45 | 0.0024 | 0.0006 | 0.77 |
| 20 | 0.0020 | 3.72 | 2.91 | 0.007 | 0.0023 | 0.98 | 0.0021 | 0.0041 | 1.05 |
| 21 | 0.0018 | 3.64 | 0.43 | 0.011 | 0.0012 | 1.57 | 0.0024 | 0.0018 | 0.55 |
| 22 | 0.0009 | 3.36 | 1.70 | 0.004 | 0.0040 | 2.28 | 0.0016 | 0.0042 | 1.18 |
| 23 | 0.0012 | 3.55 | 1.35 | 0.004 | 0.0030 | 2.15 | 0.0022 | 0.0019 | 0.99 |
| 24 | 0.0022 | 3.80 | 1.54 | 0.007 | 0.0048 | 1.19 | 0.0010 | 0.0035 | 0.72 |
| 25 | 0.0016 | 3.23 | 0.76 | 0.009 | 0.0019 | 0.76 | 0.0015 | 0.0009 | 0.47 |
| 26 | 0.0009 | 3.20 | 1.32 | 0.004 | 0.0032 | 1.07 | 0.0022 | 0.0021 | 0.75 |
| 27 | 0.0020 | 2.91 | 0.94 | 0.003 | 0.0014 | 1.06 | 0.0020 | 0.0014 | 0.69 |
| 28 | 0.0025 | 3.67 | 1.32 | 0.003 | 0.0024 | 2.15 | 0.0005 | 0.0045 | 0.95 |
| 29 | 0.0022 | 3.21 | 0.42 | 0.011 | 0.0027 | 1.21 | 0.0015 | 0.0024 | 0.51 |
| 30 | 0.0013 | 2.63 | 1.98 | 0.003 | 0.0011 | 0.68 | 0.0021 | 0.0009 | 1.01 |
| 강종 | 열연판 소둔 조건 | 관계식3 | 관계식4 | 비저항 (μΩcm) |
W10/400(W/kg) | B50(T) | 비고 | ||||
| 균열온도(℃) | 균열시간(초) | 승온속도(HR,℃/s) | 냉각속도(CR,℃/s) | 관계식2 | |||||||
| 1 | 870 | 105 | 19 | 16 | 2.7 | 11 | 133 | 69.4 | 10.3 | 1.64 | 발명예 |
| 2 | 1090 | 40 | 33 | 15 | 4.0 | 10 | 185 | 83.6 | 8.6 | 1.62 | 발명예 |
| 3 | 1010 | 227 | 45 | 36 | 6.3 | 15 | 123 | 71.3 | 9.6 | 1.63 | 발명예 |
| 4 | 1090 | 185 | 31 | 32 | 7.2 | 11 | 156 | 71.6 | 10.1 | 1.63 | 발명예 |
| 5 | 920 | 68 | 27 | 14 | 4.1 | 13 | 109 | 76.6 | 9.4 | 1.62 | 발명예 |
| 6 | 1070 | 70 | 23 | 27 | 4.1 | 17 | 111 | 79.0 | 9.2 | 1.62 | 발명예 |
| 7 | 1080 | 206 | 48 | 39 | 8.5 | 17 | 129 | 72.7 | 9.5 | 1.63 | 발명예 |
| 8 | 1040 | 64 | 5 | 12 | 2.4 | 16 | 145 | 67.0 | 10.5 | 1.64 | 발명예 |
| 9 | 1050 | 118 | 26 | 44 | 7.1 | 13 | 122 | 83.8 | 8.6 | 1.62 | 발명예 |
| 10 | 1030 | 138 | 15 | 43 | 5.9 | 20 | 159 | 80.9 | 8.5 | 1.62 | 발명예 |
| 11 | 1080 | 165 | 25 | 24 | 7.1 | 17 | 127 | 65.1 | 10.1 | 1.64 | 발명예 |
| 12 | 1000 | 96 | 13 | 25 | 3.1 | 18 | 190 | 80.5 | 8.6 | 1.62 | 발명예 |
| 13 | 920 | 45 | 9 | 20 | 1.8 | 14 | 103 | 75.4 | 9.4 | 1.63 | 발명예 |
| 14 | 880 | 121 | 21 | 30 | 3.4 | 17 | 148 | 70.6 | 9.8 | 1.64 | 발명예 |
| 15 | 1040 | 106 | 26 | 7 | 3.2 | 19 | 193 | 71.8 | 9.6 | 1.63 | 발명예 |
| 16 | 1010 | 60 | 18 | 8 | 1.7 | 14 | 83 | 82.9 | 12.7 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 17 | 920 | 181 | 22 | 25 | 4.3 | 7 | 145 | 78.7 | 13.5 | 1.59 | 비교예 |
| 18 | 930 | 22 | 15 | 39 | 5.6 | 9 | 91 | 60.9 | 12.0 | 1.59 | 비교예 |
| 19 | 1000 | 132 | 48 | 26 | 10.9 | 8 | 126 | 75.7 | 12.7 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 20 | 1040 | 102 | 13 | 9 | 0.9 | 9 | 2 | 82.8 | 13.5 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 21 | 890 | 142 | 57 | 30 | 14.5 | 6 | 95 | 74.6 | 12.3 | 1.59 | 비교예 |
| 22 | 940 | 345 | 19 | 12 | 0.9 | 9 | 84 | 86.6 | 12.5 | 1.57 | 비교예 |
| 23 | 1020 | 311 | 44 | 48 | 5.4 | 14 | 92 | 85.3 | 12.5 | 1.57 | 비교예 |
| 24 | 1030 | 27 | 8 | 12 | 0.9 | 8 | 98 | 78.3 | 1.2 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 25 | 940 | 22 | 12 | 58 | 16.4 | 8 | 93 | 62.6 | 12.6 | 1.59 | 비교예 |
| 26 | 1070 | 164 | 5 | 6 | 0.9 | 9 | 83 | 69.0 | 10.5 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 27 | 1040 | 178 | 37 | 39 | 13.6 | 7 | 132 | 63.4 | 12.3 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 28 | 1070 | 132 | 7 | 12 | 0.8 | 12 | 90 | 86.5 | 12.9 | 1.57 | 비교예 |
| 29 | 1030 | 304 | 55 | 60 | 13.8 | 8 | 79 | 65.6 | 12.9 | 1.58 | 비교예 |
| 30 | 930 | 21 | 46 | 35 | 15.2 | 17 | 69 | 61.8 | 13.7 | 1.59 | 비교예 |
Claims (11)
- 중량%로, C: 0.005% 이하, Si: 2.50~4.50%, Mn: 0.10~2.50%, P: 0.002~0.020%, S: 0.0010~0.0050%, Al: 0.50~2.50%, N:0.0050% 이하, Ti: 0.0050% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고, Al, Si 및 Mn이 하기 관계식 1을 만족하고, 강판 미세조직에서 하기 관계식 3을 만족하는 석출분 분포를 나타내는, 무방향성 전기강판.[관계식 1]0.60≤([Al]+[Mn])/[Si]≤1.0여기에서, [Al], [Mn], [Si]는 각각 Al, Mn, Si의 첨가량(중량%)임.[관계식 3]강 미세조직에서 0~0.5㎛ 크기의 석출물 중 0.2㎛ 이상인 황화물 및 질화물의 개수 비율 ≥ 10%
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 강판 미세조직은 하기 관계식 4를 만족하는, 무방향성 전기강판.[관계식 4]강 미세조직에서 0.5㎛ 이상인 질화물의 개수 ≥ 100개/mm2
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 무방향성 전기강판은 상온에서의 비저항(ρ)이 63μΩcm이상인, 무방향성 전기강판.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 무방향성 전기강판의 철손(W10/400)이 12.0W/Kg이하이고, 자속밀도(B50)가 1.60T이상인, 무방향성 전기강판.여기에서, 철손 W10/40은 400Hz 주파수에서 1.0Tesla의 자속밀도가 유기되었을 때의 압연 방향과 압연 수직방향의 평균 손실(W/Kg)이며, 자속밀도 B50은 5000A/m의 자기장을 부가하였을 때 유도되는 자속밀도의 크기(Tesla)임.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 무방향성 전기강판은, Sn와 Sb 중 1 종 이상을 0.2% 이하 범위로 추가로 포함하는, 무방향성 전기강판.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 무방향성 전기강판은, Cu와 Ni 중 1종 이상을 0.05% 이하의 범위로 추가로 포함하는, 무방향성 전기강판.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 무방향성 전기강판은, Cr을 0.1% 이하의 범위로 추가로 포함하는, 무방향성 전기강판.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 무방향성 전기강판은, Zr, Mo 및 V 중 1종 이상을 0.01% 이하의 범위로 추가로 포함하는, 무방향성 전기강판.
- 중량%로, C: 0.005% 이하, Si: 2.50~4.50%, Mn: 0.10~2.50%, P: 0.002~0.020%, S: 0.0010~0.0050%, Al: 0.50~2.50%, N:0.0050% 이하, Ti: 0.0050% 이하, 잔부 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 슬라브를 재가열하는 공정; 상기 재가열된 슬라브를 열간압연함으로써 열연강판을 제조하는 공정; 상기 열연강판을 냉간압연한 후 열연판 소둔하거나 냉연없이 열연판 소둔하는 공정; 상기 열연판 소둔된 강판을 산세 후 공냉하는 공정; 및 상기 공냉된 열연강판을 냉간압연하는 공정; 및 상기 냉간압연된 냉연강판을 최종 소둔하는 공정을 포함하는 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법에 있어서,상기 Al, Si 및 Mn은 하기 관계식 1을 만족하고,상기 열연판 소둔 공정 시, 균열 온도를 850~1100℃, 균열 시간을 30~300초범위로 제어하고, 승온 시 600℃에서 균열대 온도까지의 승온 속도(HR,℃/s)와 균열 후 600℃까지의 냉각속도(CR,℃/s)가 하기 관계식 2를 만족하도록 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법.[관계식 1]0.60≤([Al]+[Mn])/[Si]≤1.00여기에서, [Al], [Mn], [Si]는 각각 Al, Mn, Si의 첨가량(중량%)임.[관계식 2]1.0 ≤ (HR+CR)/1000{([Al]+[Mn])*([N]+[S])} ≤ 10.0여기에서, 상기 [Al], [Mn], [N], [S]는 각각 Al, Mn, N, S의 첨가량(중량%)임.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 승온속도(HR) 및 냉각속도(CR)는 각각 5~100℃/s인, 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법.
- 제 9항에 있어서, 상기 최종 소둔된 전기강판은, 강판 미세조직에서 관계식 3 및 관계식 4를 만족하는 석출분 분포를 나타내며, 상온에서의 비저항(ρ)이 63μΩcm이상이면서 최종 소둔 후 철손(W10/400)이 12.0W/Kg이하이고, 자속밀도(B50)이 1.60T이상인, 무방향성 전기강판 제조방법.[관계식 3]강 미세조직에서 0~0.5㎛ 크기의 석출물 중 0.2㎛ 이상인 황화물 및 질화물의 개수 비율 ≥ 10%[관계식 4]강 미세조직에서 0.5㎛ 이상인 질화물의 개수 ≥ 100개/mm2
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