WO2024136218A1 - 진공열차 튜브용 열연강판 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
진공열차 튜브용 열연강판 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136218A1 WO2024136218A1 PCT/KR2023/019804 KR2023019804W WO2024136218A1 WO 2024136218 A1 WO2024136218 A1 WO 2024136218A1 KR 2023019804 W KR2023019804 W KR 2023019804W WO 2024136218 A1 WO2024136218 A1 WO 2024136218A1
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- ferrite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
- B21C47/02—Winding-up or coiling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
- B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
- B23K9/29—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means
- B23K9/291—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means the shielding means being a gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tubes and a method of manufacturing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tubes having physical properties suitable for use as vacuum train tubes due to excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, weldability, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the vacuum train system also known as hyper tube train system, is a system in which a magnetically levitated train moves inside a vacuum tube.
- Vacuum trains are capable of operating at ultra-high speeds because there is no friction with air or tracks, which are the main causes of energy loss during train operation. These vacuum trains have low energy loss and can save more than 93% of energy compared to aircraft, so they are attracting attention as an eco-friendly next-generation means of transportation, and for this reason, active research is being conducted around the world.
- Vacuum tubes made of concrete are advantageous in terms of cost, but it is not easy to join individual tubes of about 10 meters in length. Additionally, due to the pores inside the concrete, there is a disadvantage that when a vacuum is created, external gas enters the tube and the vacuum is easily broken.
- Composite materials such as carbon fiber are lightweight and have high performance, but are expensive.
- Steel is a material that can be mass-produced at low cost. Steel has high rigidity and strength and is a material that is easy to process. In addition, it is a material that is easy to assemble or weld accessories between vacuum tubes or to vacuum tubes, and has an appropriate outgassing rate when maintaining a vacuum.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2009-0086232 (published on August 11, 2009), which describes a member with excellent damping ability, a method of manufacturing the same, and a steel plate used as a member with excellent damping ability. there is.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tubes and a method for manufacturing the same, which have physical properties suitable for use as vacuum train tubes due to excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, weldability, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube has a weight percentage of carbon (C): 0.03 to 0.11%, silicon (Si): 0.3 to 1.5%, and cobalt (Co): 1. ⁇ 3%, manganese (Mn): 1.2 ⁇ 2.2% and the remaining Fe and other inevitable impurities, and the final microstructure has a composite structure including ferrite and pearlite, and satisfies the following equations 1 and 2.
- the final microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet consists of 60 to 95% ferrite, 5 to 40% pearlite and other inevitable structures in area ratio.
- the other inevitable structures include at least one low-temperature structure of bainite and martensite, and the low-temperature structure is preferably 5% or less in area ratio.
- the average grain size of the ferrite may be 7 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the hot rolled steel sheet has a yield strength (YS) of 350 MPa or more and a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C.
- the hot rolled steel sheet preferably has a vibration damping ratio measured at a frequency of 1,650 Hz in bending vibration mode of 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more.
- the Charpy impact energy of the weld at -20°C is 50 J or more, and the fraction of the M-A phase included in the weld is preferably 5% or less in terms of area ratio.
- the thickness of the hot rolled steel sheet is preferably 10 mm or more.
- the method of manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet for a vacuum tube according to an embodiment of the present invention to achieve the above object includes, in weight percent: carbon (C): 0.03 to 0.11%, silicon (Si): 0.3 to 1.5%, cobalt (Co): Reheating the steel slab containing 1 to 3%, manganese (Mn): 1.2 to 2.2% and the remaining Fe and other unavoidable impurities at 1,100°C to 1,300°C; hot rolling the reheated steel slab; and cooling the hot-rolled hot-rolled steel sheet to 600-700°C and winding it, wherein the hot-rolled steel sheet has a composite structure in which the final microstructure includes ferrite and pearlite, and satisfies the following equations 1 and 2: It is characterized by:
- the hot rolling can be performed under the conditions of a finish rolling temperature of 860°C to 960°C.
- the final microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet may be comprised of 60 to 95% ferrite and 5 to 40% pearlite and other unavoidable structures in terms of area ratio.
- the other inevitable structures include at least one low-temperature structure of bainite and martensite, and the low-temperature structure is preferably 5% or less in area ratio.
- the average grain size of the ferrite may be 7 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the hot rolled steel sheet has a yield strength (YS) of 350 MPa or more and a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C.
- the hot rolled steel sheet preferably has a vibration damping ratio measured at a frequency of 1,650 Hz in bending vibration mode of 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more.
- the Charpy impact energy of the weld at -20°C is 50 J or more, and the fraction of the M-A phase included in the weld is preferably 5% or less in terms of area ratio.
- the thickness of the hot rolled steel sheet is preferably 10 mm or more.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube and its manufacturing method according to the present invention not only has a yield strength of 350 MPa or more and a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C, but also prepares a specimen with a length, width, and thickness of 80 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 2 mm. Therefore, the vibration damping ratio measured at a frequency of 1,650 Hz in flexural vibration mode is 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention have a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C at the welded part when the hot rolled steel sheet is welded by submerged arc welding, and the M-A phase included in the welded part.
- the fraction has an area ratio of 5% or less.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tubes and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention have excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, weldability, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone, and have physical properties suitable for use in vacuum train tubes.
- a vacuum train is a train that runs inside a tube in a vacuum or sub-vacuum state, and is a next-generation transportation method currently in the early stages of development.
- Vacuum trains are a means of transportation that can effectively achieve high speed and high efficiency by eliminating frictional resistance between wheels and tracks and minimizing air resistance.
- the inventors of the present invention found that the following physical properties are important as a material for vacuum tubes in order to ensure the safety of vacuum trains.
- the first physical property required for vacuum train tube materials is high strength. Since the vacuum train moves through the inside of the vacuum tube, the material for the vacuum tube is required to have sufficient strength as a structure. In addition, since the inside of the vacuum tube must be maintained in a vacuum or sub-vacuum state, it is required to have sufficiently high strength characteristics to prevent the shape of the vacuum tube from being deformed due to pressure differences between the inside and the outside.
- the second physical property required for vacuum tube materials is vibration damping ability.
- pods with several dozen people on board pass through the inside of a vacuum tube at intervals of tens of seconds to several minutes.
- vibration may be amplified within the vacuum tube, causing resonance, and in serious cases, it may even cause damage to the vacuum tube.
- the third physical property required for vacuum tube materials is low-temperature toughness.
- Vacuum trains can operate in polar regions or deep seas. Steel materials tend to be more easily damaged in low-temperature or extremely low-temperature environments, so when steel materials are applied to vacuum tubes, they are required to have a certain level of low-temperature toughness to ensure safety.
- tubes for vacuum trains are manufactured in the form of tubes through welding, they are required to have excellent low-temperature toughness not only in the base material but also in the welded area.
- the inventors of the present invention recognized that excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, weldability, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone could be achieved by strictly controlling the alloy composition, content ratio, and final microstructure of hot rolled steel sheets.
- the invention came about.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube contains, in weight percent, carbon (C): 0.03 to 0.11%, silicon (Si): 0.3 to 1.5%, and cobalt (Co): 1 to 3%. , Manganese (Mn): 1.2-2.2% and the remaining Fe and other inevitable impurities, the final microstructure has a composite structure including ferrite and pearlite, and satisfies the following equations 1 and 2.
- D refers to the average grain size of ferrite of the hot rolled steel sheet
- [ ] refers to the weight percent of each element.
- the final microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention consists of 60 to 95% ferrite and 5 to 40% pearlite and other unavoidable structures in area ratio.
- other inevitable structures include at least one low-temperature structure of bainite and martensite, and the low-temperature structure is preferably 5% or less in area ratio.
- the average grain size of ferrite is 7 to 15 ⁇ m.
- the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention has a yield strength (YS) of 350 MPa or more and a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C.
- the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention preferably has a vibration damping ratio measured at a frequency of 1,650 Hz in bending vibration mode of 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more.
- the Charpy impact energy at -20°C of the weld is preferably 50 J or more, and the fraction of the M-A phase contained in the weld is preferably 5% or less in terms of area ratio.
- the thickness of the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention may be 10 mm or more.
- the steel composition and composition ratio contained in the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.
- the % indicating the content of each element is based on weight.
- Carbon (C) is a component that has a very large impact on the strength of steel sheets.
- Such carbon (C) is preferably added in an amount of 0.03 to 0.11% by weight of the total weight of the hot rolled steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a more preferable range may be 0.05 to 0.09% by weight.
- the amount of carbon (C) added is less than 0.03% by weight, it may be difficult to secure the strength required for the structure. Conversely, if the amount of carbon (C) added exceeds 0.11% by weight, the toughness of the material may decrease, weldability may deteriorate, and the yield ratio may increase. In addition, if the amount of carbon (C) added exceeds 0.11% by weight, there may be difficulties in coarsening the crystal grains.
- Silicon (Si) is an element that can increase magnetic hysteresis and increase vibration damping ratio. Additionally, since it combines with oxygen to form slag during the steelmaking step, it tends to be removed along with oxygen. Additionally, silicon (Si) is also an ingredient that effectively contributes to improving the strength of materials.
- Such silicon (Si) is preferably added in an amount of 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of the total weight of the hot rolled steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a more preferable range may be 0.5 to 1.0% by weight.
- the amount of silicon (Si) added is less than 0.3% by weight, it is difficult to properly achieve the above effect.
- the amount of silicon (Si) added exceeds 1.5% by weight, it may prevent the removal of surface scale and deteriorate the surface quality of the product.
- the amount of silicon (Si) added is excessive, exceeding 1.5% by weight, the low-temperature toughness of the weld may be reduced by encouraging the formation of an M-A phase (martensite-austenite composite) in the weld.
- the present invention maximizes the phenomenon of attenuation of external vibration through friction generated when the magnetic domain wall moves. Accordingly, the addition of alloy elements that increase the magnetic hysteresis or magnetostriction constant that occurs when the magnetic domain wall moves is helpful.
- Cobalt (Co) is an effective element that can improve vibration damping ability by increasing magnetic hysteresis but not reducing magnetic permeability.
- cobalt (Co) is preferably added in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight of the total weight of the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube according to the present invention, and a more preferable range is 1.5 to 2.5% by weight.
- the amount of cobalt (Co) added is less than 1.0% by weight, the amount added is so small that the vacuum attenuation performance improvement effect cannot be properly exhibited. Conversely, if the amount of cobalt (Co) added exceeds 3.0% by weight, there is a high risk that costs will increase due to the increased amount of expensive cobalt. In addition, if the amount of cobalt (Co) added exceeds 3.0% by weight, it is undesirable because side effects may occur through the formation of precipitates.
- Manganese (Mn) is an ingredient that improves the strength and hardenability of steel.
- Manganese (Mn) is preferably added in an amount of 1.2 to 2.2% by weight of the total weight of the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube according to the present invention, and a more preferable range is 1.5 to 2.0% by weight.
- the amount of manganese (Mn) added is less than 1.2% by weight, it is difficult to properly demonstrate the effect of improving strength and hardenability.
- the amount of manganese (Mn) is excessively added exceeding 2.2% by weight, material deviation may occur due to central segregation, and crack propagation resistance may be deteriorated.
- the amount of manganese (Mn) added exceeds 2.2% by weight, the toughness of the steel may decrease.
- niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), and vanadium (V) are all elements that improve the strength of steel sheets through the formation of fine carbonitrides. Accordingly, niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), and vanadium (V) elements are used in many products to ensure strength. However, these precipitates impede the growth of crystal grains and the movement of magnetic domain walls, worsening the vibration damping ratio. Therefore, in the present invention, niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), and vanadium (V) elements were not added.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube may contain the remaining Fe and other inevitable impurities in addition to the above-mentioned components.
- unintended impurities may inevitably be introduced from raw materials or the surrounding environment, so this cannot be completely excluded. Since these impurities are known to anyone skilled in the art, all of them are not specifically mentioned in this specification.
- additional effective ingredients in addition to the above-mentioned ingredients is not completely excluded.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a composite structure containing ferrite and pearlite as the final microstructure. At this time, the hot-rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention actively suppressed the creation of low-temperature structures such as bainite and martensite.
- Low-temperature structures such as bainite and martensite have high strength and a low yield ratio, so they can exhibit excellent physical properties as structural materials.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube targeted in the present invention is quite thick, with a thickness of 10 mm or more, physical property deviation occurs in the thickness direction of the steel sheet even if a low-temperature structure is introduced. Therefore, a low-temperature structure is formed only on the surface of the steel sheet, and it is difficult to sufficiently create a low-temperature structure in the center of the thickness of the steel sheet. For this reason, in the present invention, the generation of low-temperature structures such as bainite and martensite is intentionally and actively suppressed.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube has a microstructure of the steel sheet composed of a composite structure including ferrite and pearlite in order to minimize the difference in physical properties between the surface and the center of the thickness, but also includes bainite, martensite, etc.
- a microstructure of the steel sheet composed of a composite structure including ferrite and pearlite in order to minimize the difference in physical properties between the surface and the center of the thickness, but also includes bainite, martensite, etc.
- the low-temperature structure was inevitably formed, its fraction was actively suppressed to less than 5%, more preferably less than 3%, and even more preferably less than 1% in terms of area ratio.
- the fraction of ferrite may be 60 to 95% in area ratio
- the fraction of pearlite may be 5 to 40% in area ratio.
- the present invention limited the average grain size of ferrite to a certain range of 7 to 15 ⁇ m. Since the larger the average grain size of ferrite is more advantageous in securing the vibration damping ratio, it was limited to a minimum of 7 ⁇ m. On the other hand, if the average grain size of ferrite is excessively large, the strength and low-temperature toughness of the material are reduced, so the average grain size of ferrite was limited to a maximum of 15 ⁇ m or less.
- Equation 1 mainly relates to the yield strength
- Equation 2 mainly relates to the vibration damping ratio measured for a frequency of 1,650 Hz in bending vibration mode. If both equations 1 and 2 are satisfied, the yield strength of the hot rolled steel sheet can be predicted to be 350 MPa or more and the vibration damping ratio to be 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more. If relational expression 1 is not satisfied, the yield strength of the hot rolled steel sheet is predicted to be less than 350 MPa, and if relational expression 2 is not satisfied, the vibration damping ratio of the hot rolled steel sheet can be predicted to be less than 150 ⁇ 10 -6 .
- D refers to the average grain size of ferrite of the hot rolled steel sheet
- [ ] refers to the weight percent of each element.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention satisfies the relations 1 and 2, and thus the desired yield resistance, vibration damping ratio, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone can be secured at the same time.
- vacuum train tubes require design thickness and strength for structural stability. Accordingly, in the present invention, it was determined that tube design is easy only when the yield strength is 355 MPa or more, so a material whose value in relational equation 1 is 355 or more was developed.
- a steel material with a vibration damping ratio of 150 or more, as predicted in Equation 2. Small trains called pods move inside the vacuum train tube at two-minute intervals, and if the vibration is not attenuated quickly, there is a risk of destruction due to resonance. Accordingly, as shown in Equation 2, if the vibration damping ratio is 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more, the risk of destruction is significantly reduced.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a yield strength of 350 MPa or more and a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C. More specifically, the hot rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a yield strength of 350 to 500 MPa and a Charpy impact energy of 50 to 200 J at -20°C.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube can secure suitable strength and low-temperature toughness as a structural material, and thus can effectively secure the structural safety of the vacuum train tube.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for vacuum train tube may have a vibration damping ratio of 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more.
- the vibration damping ratio refers to the vibration damping ratio measured at a frequency of 1,650 Hz after hitting a specimen with a length, width, and thickness of 80 mm ⁇ 20 mm ⁇ 2 mm in flexural vibration mode.
- the hot rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube according to an embodiment of the present invention has a vibration damping ratio of 150 It can be prevented effectively.
- the Charpy impact energy at -20°C of the welded area may be 50J or more, and the M-A phase (martensite-austenite composite) included in the welded area may be 50J or more.
- the fraction may be 5% or less in terms of area ratio.
- the M-A phase fraction of the welded portion may be 3% or less in area ratio, and more preferably, the M-A phase fraction of the welded portion may be 1% or less in area ratio.
- the weld zone is a position 1 mm away from the fusion line, and can be interpreted to include both the weld metal portion and the heat-affected zone (HAZ).
- the welding material used for welding is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to perform welding using a welding material that does not contain silicon (Si) if possible. This is because when welding is performed using a welding material containing silicon (Si), there is a possibility that a large amount of hard M-A phase is formed in the weld area due to excessive hardenability.
- the present invention can provide a hot-rolled steel sheet with excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone, and thus has properties suitable for vacuum train tubes.
- the method of manufacturing a hot rolled steel sheet for a vacuum train tube includes a reheating step, a hot rolling step, and a cooling and winding step.
- the steel slab can be heated in a temperature range of 1,100°C or higher.
- a preferable steel slab heating temperature may be 1,200°C or more, and an even more preferable steel slab heating temperature may be 1,250°C or more.
- the steel slab heating temperature is excessively high, exceeding 1,300°C, there may be concerns about surface quality deterioration due to scale formation.
- the reheated steel slab is hot rolled at a finish rolling temperature of 860°C to 960°C.
- the steel sheet provided by hot rolling may have a thickness of 10 mm or more.
- finishing delivery temperature is the temperature at the end of rolling. This is because the grain size of the final microstructure can be controlled depending on the finishing rolling temperature. Since the present invention seeks to control the final microstructure to a certain level or higher, it is preferable to perform hot rolling at a finish rolling temperature of 860°C or higher, and a more preferable finish rolling temperature may be 900°C or higher. On the other hand, if the finish rolling temperature is excessively high, exceeding 960°C, the final microstructure may be excessively coarse, which is not desirable.
- the hot-rolled hot-rolled steel sheet is cooled to 600-700°C and wound.
- the hot rolled hot rolled steel sheet can be coiled at a coiling temperature of 600°C to 700°C after being water cooled. Since the present invention seeks to implement a composite structure containing ferrite and pearlite as the final microstructure, it is preferable to carry out winding in a temperature range of 600°C or higher. Since the present invention seeks to realize a final microstructure of a certain size or more, it is more preferable to wind it at a temperature range of 630°C or higher. However, if the coiling temperature is excessively high, exceeding 700°C, a coarse microstructure may be formed or the surface quality may be deteriorated.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention can satisfy the following relational expressions 1 and 2.
- D refers to the average grain size of ferrite of the hot rolled steel sheet
- [ ] refers to the weight percent of each element.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention satisfies Equations 1 and 2, and thus the desired yield resistance, vibration damping ratio, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone can be secured at the same time.
- the hot rolled steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention not only has a yield strength of 350 MPa or more and a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C, but also has a length, width, and thickness of 80 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 2 mm. was prepared, and the vibration damping ratio measured at a frequency of 1,650 Hz in flexural vibration mode was greater than 150 ⁇ 10 -6 .
- the hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention has a Charpy impact energy of 50 J or more at -20°C at the welded part when the hot-rolled steel sheet is welded by submerged arc welding, and the M-A included in the welded part
- the fraction of the phase is less than 5% in terms of area ratio.
- the weld zone may refer to a position 1 mm away from the fusion line.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention has excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, weldability, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone, and has physical properties suitable for use in vacuum train tubes.
- a hot rolled steel sheet was manufactured by applying the process conditions shown in Table 2 below.
- Table 1 the remainder is iron (Fe) and other inevitable impurities, and hot-rolled steel sheets (Specimens No. 1 to 15) with a thickness of 2.0 mm were manufactured by applying the process conditions in Table 2. Alloy components not listed in Table 1 below refer to impurities and residual Fe.
- Table 3 shows the physical property evaluation results for specimens 1 to 15.
- microstructure and mechanical properties of each specimen were analyzed and listed in Tables 2 and 3. Microstructure was measured using an optical microscope at 500x magnification after etching each specimen using the Nital etching method. ASTM# of ferrite was measured according to ASTM E112.
- the vibration damping ratio was measured at room temperature using IMCE's RFDA LTV800 after preparing a specimen with a length, width, and thickness of 80 mm ⁇ 20 mm ⁇ 2 mm. After hitting in the flexural vibration mode, the vibration damping ratio in the 1,650Hz area corresponding to the 1st mode among the vibration modes of the specimen was measured and analyzed, and the results are listed in Table 3.
- Samples 1 and 10 to 15 that satisfy the alloy composition, process conditions, and equations 1 and 2 of the present invention have a yield strength of 350 MPa or more and a vibration damping ratio (Damping) of 150 ⁇ 10 -6 or more. Ratio), it can be confirmed that the Charpy impact energy at -20°C of the welded area satisfies 50J or more.
- specimens 2 to 9 which do not satisfy one or more of the alloy composition, process conditions, and relational equations 1 and 2 of the present invention, do not simultaneously secure the desired physical properties.
- the yield strength was less than 350 MPa.
- the vibration damping ratio did not reach 150 ⁇ 10 -6 .
- specimen 7 with niobium (Nb) added showed a significantly lower vibration damping ratio than other specimens.
- Specimen 1 which satisfies the alloy composition, process conditions, and equations 1 and 2 of the present invention, has excellent yield strength, vibration damping ratio, and low-temperature toughness of the weld zone, and has physical properties suitable for vacuum train tubes. It has been proven that
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 진공열차 튜브용 열연강판으로서,중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.03 ∼ 0.11%, 실리콘(Si): 0.3 ∼ 1.5%, 코발트(Co): 1 ∼ 3%, 망간(Mn): 1.2 ∼ 2.2% 및 나머지 Fe와 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고,최종 미세조직이 페라이트 및 펄라이트를 포함하는 복합조직을 가지며,하기 관계식 1 및 관계식 2를 만족하는, 열연강판.[관계식 1]355 ≤ (11 + 394 × D-0.5) + (448 × [C]) + (94 × [Si]) + (36.5 × [Co]) + (69 × [Mn]) + (3,429 × [Nb])[관계식 2]150 ≤ (186 - 210 × D-0.5) - (121 × [C]) + (13.2 × [Si]) + (31.1 × [Co]) - (13.7 × [Mn]) - (4,723 × [Nb])(상기 관계식 1 및 2에서, 상기 D는 열연강판의 페라이트의 평균 결정립 사이즈를 의미하고, [ ]는 각 원소의 중량%를 의미함.)
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 최종 미세조직이 면적비로 60 ∼ 95%의 페라이트 및 5 ∼ 40%의 펄라이트와 기타 불가피한 조직으로 이루어진, 열연강판.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 기타 불가피한 조직은 베이나이트 및 마르텐사이트 중 적어도 하나의 저온 조직을 포함하고, 상기 저온 조직은 면적비로 5% 이하인, 열연강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 페라이트의 평균 결정립 사이즈는 7 ∼ 15㎛인, 열연강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 350MPa 이상의 항복강도(YS) 및 -20℃에서 50J 이상의 샤르피 충격에너지를 갖는, 열연강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 굽힘 진동 모드에서 1,650Hz 주파수에 대해 측정한 진동 감쇠비가 150 × 10-6 이상인, 열연강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,서브머지드 아크 용접으로 상기 열연강판을 용접하여 형성된 용접부에서, 상기 용접부의 -20℃에서의 샤르피 충격에너지는 50J 이상이고, 상기 용접부에 포함되는 M-A상의 분율은 면적비로 5% 이하인, 열연강판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 열연강판의 두께는 10mm 이상인, 열연강판.
- 진공열차 튜브용 열연강판 제조 방법으로서,중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.03 ∼ 0.11%, 실리콘(Si): 0.3 ∼ 1.5%, 코발트(Co): 1 ∼ 3%, 망간(Mn): 1.2 ∼ 2.2% 및 나머지 Fe와 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 강 슬라브를 1,100℃ ∼ 1,300℃에서 재가열하는 단계;상기 재가열된 강 슬라브를 열간압연하는 단계; 및상기 열간압연된 열연강판을 600 ∼ 700℃까지 냉각하여 권취하는 단계;를 포함하며,상기 열연강판은 최종 미세조직이 페라이트 및 펄라이트를 포함하는 복합조직을 가지며,하기 관계식 1 및 관계식 2를 만족하는, 방법.[관계식 1]355 ≤ (11 + 394 × D-0.5) + (448 × [C]) + (94 × [Si]) + (36.5 × [Co]) + (69 × [Mn]) + (3,429 × [Nb])[관계식 2]150 ≤ (186 - 210 × D-0.5) - (121 × [C]) + (13.2 × [Si]) + (31.1 × [Co]) - (13.7 × [Mn]) - (4,723 × [Nb])(상기 관계식 1 및 2에서, 상기 D는 열연강판의 페라이트의 평균 결정립 사이즈를 의미하고, [ ]는 각 원소의 중량%를 의미함.)
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 열간압연은 마무리 압연온도 860℃ ∼ 960℃ 조건으로 실시하는, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 최종 미세조직이 면적비로 60 ∼ 95%의 페라이트 및 5 ∼ 40%의 펄라이트와 기타 불가피한 조직으로 이루어진, 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 기타 불가피한 조직은 베이나이트 및 마르텐사이트 중 적어도 하나의 저온 조직을 포함하고, 상기 저온 조직은 면적비로 5% 이하인, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 페라이트의 평균 결정립 사이즈는 7 ∼ 15㎛인, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 350MPa 이상의 항복강도(YS) 및 -20℃에서 50J 이상의 샤르피 충격에너지를 갖는, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 굽힘 진동 모드에서 1,650Hz 주파수에 대해 측정한 진동 감쇠비가 150 × 10-6 이상인, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,서브머지드 아크 용접으로 상기 열연강판을 용접하여 형성된 용접부에서, 상기 용접부의 -20℃에서의 샤르피 충격에너지는 50J 이상이고, 상기 용접부에 포함되는 M-A상의 분율은 면적비로 5% 이하인, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 열연강판의 두께는 10mm 이상인, 방법.
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| JP2021031701A (ja) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-03-01 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
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| KR20140044931A (ko) * | 2011-08-31 | 2014-04-15 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | 냉연 강판용 열연 강판, 용융 아연 도금 강판용 열연 강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
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| WO2017169871A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 薄鋼板およびめっき鋼板、並びに、熱延鋼板の製造方法、冷延フルハード鋼板の製造方法、薄鋼板の製造方法およびめっき鋼板の製造方法 |
| JP2021031701A (ja) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-03-01 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| KR20220082282A (ko) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-17 | 주식회사 포스코 | 진공열차 튜브용 열연강판 및 그 제조방법 |
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