WO2024136300A1 - 열연 강판 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
열연 강판 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136300A1 WO2024136300A1 PCT/KR2023/020644 KR2023020644W WO2024136300A1 WO 2024136300 A1 WO2024136300 A1 WO 2024136300A1 KR 2023020644 W KR2023020644 W KR 2023020644W WO 2024136300 A1 WO2024136300 A1 WO 2024136300A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C47/00—Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only
- B21C47/02—Winding-up or coiling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot rolled steel sheet suitably applicable to automobile chassis structural members, etc. and a method of manufacturing the same.
- chassis parts of a car play a role in supporting the car body and are an important part in ensuring ride comfort and driving stability by absorbing vibrations and shocks from the road surface during driving.
- the fatigue load applied to the chassis components increases, so steel materials applied to chassis components such as electric vehicles are required to have excellent fatigue strength.
- chassis parts are mainly manufactured by press molding. Although the weight of parts can be achieved by reducing the thickness of the steel plate through the application of high-strength steel, the shape of the part cannot be significantly changed, so securing formability suitable for press forming of parts has become more important than anything else in the manufacture of high-strength steel.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of manufacturing a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet with excellent hole expansion properties using bainitic ferrite, which does not contain carbides, as the main phase for the microstructure of steel containing 0.01 to 0.05% by weight of carbon. .
- Patent Document 1 it is possible to manufacture a steel plate with a tensile strength of 980 grade or higher and excellent expansion properties, but the yield strength is low and the fatigue properties are inferior, so the effect of reducing the weight of the part is minimal, and the elongation is inferior, so the formability of the part is inferior. I'm concerned.
- the tensile strength and yield strength are high, so not only does it have excellent fatigue life, but it also has excellent formability such as elongation and hole expandability to facilitate press forming.
- the development of steel materials is necessary.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-255484
- One aspect of the present invention is to provide a hot rolled steel sheet that not only has high strength and excellent fatigue performance, but also has excellent formability and is suitable for press forming, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the object of the present invention is not limited to the above-described content.
- the subject of the present invention can be understood from the overall content of the present specification, and those skilled in the art will have no difficulty in understanding the additional subject of the present invention.
- One aspect of the present invention is weight percent, carbon (C): 0.09 to 0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.5 to 2.3%, manganese (Mn): 1.5 to 3.5%, aluminum (Al): 0.001 to 1.0%, Chromium (Cr): 2.5% or less (including 0%), Molybdenum (Mo): 2.0% or less (including 0%), Titanium (Ti): 0.01 to 0.20%, Boron (B): 0.0005 to 0.005%, phosphorus ( P): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, Sulfur (S): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, Nitrogen (N): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, the remainder includes Fe and inevitable impurities,
- Microstructure is expressed in area% and includes a composite structure of martensite and austenite of 75-90% and bainitic pate of 10-25%.
- the austenite relates to a hot rolled steel sheet containing 3 to 10%.
- the hot rolled steel sheet may further contain niobium (Nb): 0.01 to 0.2%.
- the average particle diameter of the bainitic ferrite may be 2.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the average spacing of the bainitic ferrite may be 3 ⁇ m or more.
- the hot rolled steel sheet may have a yield strength of 800 MPa or more, a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, an elongation of 9% or more, and a hole expansion rate of 45% or more.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is by weight percentage, carbon (C): 0.09 to 0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.5 to 2.3%, manganese (Mn): 1.5 to 3.5%, aluminum (Al): 0.001 to 1.0%. , Chromium (Cr): 2.5% or less (including 0%), Molybdenum (Mo): 2.0% or less (including 0%), Titanium (Ti): 0.01 to 0.20%, Boron (B): 0.0005 to 0.005%, Phosphorus (P): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, Sulfur (S): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, Nitrogen (N): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, reheating steel slabs containing the balance Fe and other inevitable impurities in the temperature range of 1100 ⁇ 1350°C. steps;
- secondary cooling is performed for ts (seconds) at a cooling rate of 25°C/s or less to a temperature of (B S + M S )/2 or higher;
- third cooling is performed at a cooling rate of 30°C/s or less to a temperature range of ( MS -20°C) to 200°C;
- finish hot rolling is performed so that the value of Du, defined by the following relational equation 1, satisfies the range of 2 to 10 within the temperature range of 750 to 1150 ° C,
- the primary and secondary cooling relates to a method of manufacturing a hot rolled steel sheet that satisfies the conditions of the following relational equations 2 to 4.
- FDT means the rolling end temperature (°C)
- [Si]] [Mn], [Cr], [Mo], [Ti], and [Nb] are respectively in parentheses. Indicates the weight percent content of the element.
- the total reduction in the final two passes may be 10 to 40%.
- a final cooling step may be further included to room temperature after the coiling.
- the steps of pickling and oiling after the final cooling may be further included.
- the step of hot-dip zinc plating after the pickling and oiling may be further included.
- a steel plate having a high tensile strength of 980 MPa or more and excellent formability and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided. Accordingly, it can be suitably applied to chassis structural members of automobiles, etc.
- Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between boron content and Du in which Relation 1 and Relation 2 are simultaneously satisfied, and the microstructure intended in the present invention can be secured within the solid line connecting A-B-C-D-E-F.
- Figures 2 (a), (b), and (c) show photographs of microstructures of Inventive Example 4, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, respectively, observed with a scanning electron microscope in Examples of the present invention.
- the conventional method of manufacturing hot rolled steel sheets which prevents deterioration of hole expandability due to hardness differences between phases by setting the microstructure of the steel to a fraction of 90% or more, is an excellent method.
- the elongation rate could not be secured.
- retained austenite to secure excellent elongation it is possible to secure elongation, but there is a problem in that it is difficult to secure hole expandability at the same time.
- the present inventors secured high strength and elongation by using martensite and austenite as the base structure, and at the same time uniformly dispersed bainitic ferrite as a secondary phase within the structure to prevent excessive concentration of stress at a specific location during deformation. It was confirmed that hole expandability could be improved by suppressing the occurrence of microcracks, and the present invention was completed. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
- the steel sheet contains, in weight percent, carbon (C): 0.09-0.25%, silicon (Si): 0.5-2.3%, manganese (Mn): 1.5-3.5%, aluminum (Al): 0.001-1.0%, chromium (Cr) ): 2.5% or less (including 0%), Molybdenum (Mo): 2.0% or less (including 0%), Titanium (Ti): 0.01 to 0.20%, Boron (B): 0.0005 to 0.005%, Phosphorus (P): It may contain 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, sulfur (S): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%, nitrogen (N): 0.0001 ⁇ 0.05%.
- Carbon (C) is an important element that forms retained austenite by diffusing and moving to austenite after martensite phase transformation and stabilizing austenite. As the C content increases, the fraction of retained austenite increases, improving both elongation and tensile strength. If the C content is less than 0.09%, the fraction of retained austenite is low, making it impossible to secure elongation and tensile strength. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.25%, the Ms temperature is excessively low, making carbon diffusion difficult, and fresh martensite is excessively generated, resulting in poor hole expandability. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the C content is 0.09 to 0.25%. It is more advantageous for the C content to be 0.090-0.250%. More advantageously, the lower limit of the C content may be 0.12%, or the upper limit of the C content may be 0.23%.
- Si is an important element that delays the formation of carbides after martensite transformation and forms retained austenite.
- Si plays a role in improving strength through a solid solution strengthening effect. If the Si content is less than 0.5%, carbides are formed and the fraction of retained austenite is low, making it difficult to secure elongation. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 2.3%, Fe-Si composite oxide is formed on the surface of the slab during reheating, which not only deteriorates the surface quality of the steel sheet, but also reduces weldability. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the Si content is 0.5 to 2.3%. It is more advantageous for the Si content to be 0.50 to 2.30%. More advantageously, the lower limit of the Si content may be 0.7%, or the upper limit of the Si content may be 2.1%.
- Manganese (Mn) is an element that improves the hardenability of steel, and prevents the formation of ferrite during cooling after finish rolling, thereby facilitating the formation of a low-temperature transformation structure.
- the Mn content is less than 1.5%, hardenability is insufficient and the ferrite fraction increases excessively.
- the content exceeds 3.5%, the hardenability greatly increases, the holding time for sufficiently forming the bainitic ferrite desired in the present invention increases excessively, and hole expandability deteriorates.
- Mn may be included in an amount of 1.5 to 3.5%, and it is more advantageous for the Mn content to be 1.50 to 3.50%. More advantageously, the lower limit of the Mn content may be 1.6%, or the upper limit of the Mn content may be 3.0%.
- Aluminum (Al) is an element usually added to deoxidize steel, and some of it may be present in the steel after deoxidation. Similar to Si, it also plays a role in forming retained austenite by delaying the formation of carbides after martensite transformation.
- the Al content is less than 0.001%, carbides are formed and the fraction of retained austenite is low, making it difficult to secure elongation.
- the content exceeds 1.0%, oxide and nitride-based inclusions increase in the steel, thereby deteriorating the formability of the steel sheet. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the Al content is 0.001 to 1.0%. More advantageously, the lower limit of the Ai content may be 0.01%, or the upper limit of the Al content may be 0.5%.
- Chromium is an element that improves the hardenability of steel and suppresses the formation of ferrite during cooling after finish rolling. If the Cr content exceeds 2.5%, the hardenability increases significantly, and bainite transformation does not occur smoothly in the cooling zone, and the holding time to secure the fraction of bainitic ferrite increases excessively, deteriorating hole expandability. Therefore, in the present invention, Cr may be included in an amount of 2.5% or less, more preferably 2.50% or less, and more preferably 1.5% or less.
- the present invention includes the case where the Cr content is 0% because there is no significant difficulty in securing the intended physical properties even if the Cr is not contained. However, if Cr is intentionally added, it is effective to add at least 0.01%.
- Molybdenum is an element that improves the hardenability of steel, plays a role in improving strength through a solid solution strengthening effect, and suppresses the formation of ferrite during cooling after finish rolling. If the Mo content exceeds 2.0%, hardenability increases significantly, and bainite transformation does not occur smoothly in the cooling zone. As a result, the holding time for securing the fraction of bainitic ferrite increases excessively, thereby reducing hole expandability. Therefore, in the present invention, Mo may be included at 2.0% or less, more advantageously at 1.0% or less, and even more advantageously at 0.5% or less.
- the present invention includes the case where the Mo content is 0% because there is no significant difficulty in securing the intended physical properties even if the Mo is not contained. However, when Mo is intentionally added, it is effective to add at least 0.01%.
- Titanium (Ti) is an element that forms carbonitrides in steel, and is widely used to secure the strength of steel by inducing the formation of precipitates.
- the generation of BN is achieved by removing nitrogen (N) in steel. It is used to control the grain size of austenite before rolling as well as to suppress boron (B) to concentrate at the austenite grain boundaries.
- the content exceeds 0.20%, oxides may be formed during continuous casting, which may cause problems such as clogging of casting nozzles.
- Ti may be included in an amount of 0.01 to 0.20%, and more advantageously, the lower limit of Ti may be 0.015%, or the upper limit of Ti content may be 0.12%.
- Boron is an element that improves the hardenability of steel by concentrating at austenite grain boundaries and reducing grain boundary energy.
- the phase transformation of ferrite and upper bainite, where nucleation of phase transformation occurs through diffusion transformation at the austenite grain boundary is suppressed, thereby ensuring a composite structure of martensite and austenite as the main phase.
- the concentration of B is preferably contained at 0.0005% or more.
- the content exceeds 0.005%, the hardenability greatly increases, the holding time for sufficiently forming the bainitic ferrite desired in the present invention increases excessively, and hole expandability deteriorates.
- B may be included in an amount of 0.0005 to 0.005%, and more advantageously, the lower limit of the B content may be 0.001%, or the upper limit of the B content may be 0.0025%.
- Phosphorus (P) is an impurity inevitably contained in steel and is an element that is the main cause of impeding the workability of steel due to segregation. Therefore, it is desirable to control the content as low as possible.
- the lower limit can be set to 0.0001%.
- the upper limit of P may be limited to 0.05%.
- the lower limit of the P content may be 0.0005%, or the upper limit of the P content may be 0.02%.
- S Sulfur
- the lower limit can be set to 0.0001%.
- the upper limit of S may be limited to 0.05%.
- the lower limit of the S content may be 0.0005%, or the upper limit of the S content may be 0.005%.
- Nitrogen (N) is an impurity inevitably contained in steel, and has the problem of inhibiting the machinability of steel by combining with Al to form nitrides. Therefore, it is desirable to control the content as low as possible.
- the lower limit can be set to 0.0001%.
- the upper limit of N may be limited to 0.05%.
- the lower limit of the N content may be 0.001%, or the upper limit of the N content may be 0.006%.
- the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention may further include niobium (Nb).
- Niobium is an element that forms carbonitrides in steel, and is widely used to secure the strength of steel by inducing the formation of precipitates.
- the grain size of austenite is controlled by delaying recrystallization during hot rolling. It plays a role. If the Nb content is less than 0.01%, the effect of controlling the particle size is low, and if the content exceeds 0.2%, the austenite grain size is too fine, which causes poor formability. Therefore, in the present invention, the Nb content may include 0.01 to 0.2%.
- the remaining component of the present invention is iron (Fe).
- Fe iron
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention includes a composite structure of martensite and austenite as a matrix structure in order to simultaneously secure a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more and an elongation of 9% or more. Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the composite structure composed of martensite and austenite may comprise 75 to 90% in area percent.
- the present invention preferably includes the martensite and austenite composite structure in an area fraction of 75% or more. Meanwhile, in order to secure hole expandability, which will be described later, it is desirable to limit the area fraction of martensite and austenite composite structure to 90% or less.
- the austenite may be 3 to 10% in area percent.
- the area fraction of austenite is less than 3%, the effect of improving elongation due to the plastic induced transformation phenomenon is minimal.
- the carbon (C) content that must be added to the steel must increase, so there is a problem that the weldability of the steel is inferior, and the MS temperature is excessively low, making carbon diffusion easy. As this is not done, the amount of fresh martensite generated in the final cooling step to room temperature after winding increases excessively, resulting in poor hole expandability.
- the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention may have bainitic ferrite as a secondary phase of the microstructure, and the secondary phase may contain 10 to 25% by area.
- bainite transformation proceeds by cooling to a temperature below B S (bainite transformation start temperature) to avoid ferrite phase transformation during primary cooling after hot rolling, and then slowly cooling during subsequent secondary cooling.
- B S bainite transformation start temperature
- bainitic transformation occurs in the high-temperature bainite transformation zone, so bainitic ferrite is formed and carbon diffuses into untransformed austenite, and carbides are not generated inside bainitic ferrite.
- dislocation density is reduced to an appropriate level by the recovery phenomenon during the secondary cooling, so it has soft characteristics.
- soft bainitic ferrite is evenly distributed in an appropriate size within a high-strength matrix structure with non-uniform stress distribution, the hole expandability is improved by preventing local concentration of stress by evenly accommodating deformation during molding.
- the fraction of bainitic ferrite which is the secondary phase
- the fraction is less than 10%
- the fraction exceeds 25%, martensite and martensite, which play a role in improving strength, There is a problem in that it becomes difficult to secure the austenite composite structure.
- the average particle diameter of the bainitic ferrite may be 2.0 ⁇ m or more. Additionally, the average spacing of the bainitic ferrite may be 3 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle diameter of the bainitic ferrite means the diameter equivalent to a circle
- the average spacing of the bainitic ferrite means the average of the distances between the five closest structures for each microstructure.
- the average particle size of bainitic ferrite which is a soft structure
- the effect of strain accommodation is low and improvement in hole expandability cannot be expected.
- the average spacing of the bainitic ferrite is less than 3.0 ⁇ m
- the fraction of soft steel increases excessively, so the yield strength and tensile strength may be inferior.
- the upper limit of the average particle diameter and the upper limit of the average spacing of soft tissue are not separately regulated, but under the condition that the fraction of soft tissue satisfies the range of 10 to 25%, the average particle diameter of the soft tissue may preferably be 20 ⁇ m or less. Additionally, the average spacing of the vertical tissues may be 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention may include carbide and fresh martensite as other structures in addition to the structures described above, but these are preferably controlled to an area fraction of less than 5%.
- Carbide may be generated in the hot rolled steel sheet during the manufacturing process. Immediately after martensite transformation, some carbon atoms form fine carbides inside the lath, which can play a role in improving strength. On the other hand, since the present invention seeks to improve elongation by utilizing austenite, the formation of carbides may cause a decrease in the austenite fraction. In other words, excessive production of carbides inhibits the improvement of elongation targeted by the present invention. However, if Ti and Nb are present in the phase, alloy carbonitride may be formed, and in this case, additional strengthening effect can be expected by grain refinement. However, coarse carbide impairs the toughness of the steel, so it is present in the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention. It is preferable that the carbide content is less than 5%.
- the hot rolled steel sheet may include fresh martensite as a microstructure.
- martensite which undergoes isothermal transformation immediately after the third cooling process and coiling, is transformed before the start of carbon enrichment within austenite, and therefore has a lath form within the composition range of the present invention.
- the coiling temperature is excessively low, carbon diffusion is not easy, and cooling may end before the austenite is sufficiently stabilized. In this case, if the M S temperature of the carbon-enriched austenite is above room temperature, fresh martensite is formed during cooling.
- Fresh martensite generated in the final cooling process accepts shear strain during phase transformation through the creation of twins rather than dislocations, so it has a plate shape and has the characteristic of twins being observed in the microstructure, so the martensite and martensite in the present invention It can be easily distinguished. Since fresh martensite with a high carbon concentration has excessively high hardness and deteriorates hole expandability, it is preferable that the fraction of fresh martensite present in the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention is less than 5%.
- the hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention having the above-described alloy composition and microstructure has high strength with a yield strength of 800 MPa or more and a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, an elongation of 9% or more, the product of tensile strength and elongation is 13000 MPa ⁇ % or more, and a hole expansion rate. Above 45%, it has excellent moldability.
- a steel slab that satisfies the alloy composition proposed in the present invention can be manufactured by performing a series of processes [reheating - hot rolling - cooling - winding].
- the reheated steel slab can be hot rolled to produce a hot rolled steel sheet.
- the hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of 750 to 1150°C, and the total reduction in the final two passes is controlled to 10 to 40%. It is desirable to do so.
- hot rolling is performed in multiple stages to reduce the rolling load and precisely control the thickness.
- the total reduction ratio of the final two passes exceeds 40%, there is a problem that the rolling load of the final two passes becomes excessive and workability is deteriorated.
- the total reduction ratio of the final two passes is less than 10%, the temperature of the steel plate drops rapidly, causing shape defects.
- the grain size of austenite after hot rolling is affected by the alloy composition and rolling end temperature, which affects the bainite formation behavior and final microstructure in the subsequent cooling process. Additionally, in the present invention, the fraction and size of bainitic ferrite, the main constituent phase, are greatly influenced by austenite grains after hot rolling.
- the effective grain size of austenite after hot rolling is derived as a relationship between the rolling end temperature (FDT) and a specific alloy composition, and is specifically defined by the following relational equation 1. That is, during hot rolling, finishing hot rolling is performed so that the value of Du, defined by the following relational equation 1, satisfies the range of 2 to 10 within the temperature range of 750 to 1150 ° C.
- FDT means the rolling end temperature (°C)
- [Si]] [Mn], [Cr], [Mo], [Ti], and [Nb] are respectively in parentheses. Indicates the weight percent content of the element.
- the Du is an indicator of the effective grain size of austenite immediately before primary cooling after hot rolling. If the Du value defined by the above relational equation 1 is 2 or more, the average grain size of bainitic ferrite becomes 2.0 ⁇ m or more, increasing the hole expansion rate. It can be secured at 45% or more. On the other hand, when the Du value defined by equation 1 above exceeds 10, the grain boundary concentration of the boron element increases excessively, delaying the phase transformation during secondary cooling, and a sufficient fraction of bainitic ferrite cannot be secured, leading to hole expansion. There is a problem of gender becoming inferior. It is more preferable that the Du value is 2.0 to 10.0.
- the concentration of boron segregated at austenite grain boundaries shows different values at each grain boundary due to the influence of micro-segregation during casting and the grain size of austenite.
- austenite grain boundaries with low concentration of boron element are selectively deposited in the secondary cooling step.
- Nucleation of nitic ferrite occurs.
- the concentration of boron segregated at each grain boundary is low, making nucleation easy.
- the concentration of boron segregated at the grain boundaries is high, so nucleation can be expected to be delayed. Therefore, the concentration of boron present at the grain boundary and the phase transformation behavior of bainitic ferrite during secondary cooling are affected by the content of boron added to the steel and the grain size of austenite, as shown in equation 2.
- Equation 2 is an indicator of the concentration of boron (B) distributed at the grain boundary of austenite just before cooling. If the value of Du If this is excessive, yield strength and tensile strength cannot be secured. On the other hand, when the value of Du there is a problem.
- Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between boron content and Du in which the above-mentioned equations 1 and 2 are simultaneously satisfied, and the microstructure intended in the present invention can be secured within the solid line connecting A-B-C-D-E-F.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured as described above is cooled, and it is preferable to do so in stages according to the cooling temperature.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet is first cooled at a cooling rate of 50°C/s or more to a temperature of BS or lower, and then cooled at a cooling rate of 25°C/s or less to a temperature of (B S + M S )/2 or higher. Equation 3 After secondary cooling for the ts time (seconds) defined in , it is preferable to perform tertiary cooling at a cooling rate of 30°C/s or less to a temperature range of (Ms-20°C) to 200°C.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured according to the above is quickly cooled below the temperature ( BS ) at which bainite begins to form to suppress the formation of ferrite (granular ferrite). Subsequently, 10 to 25% of bainitic ferrite was formed as an area fraction by slowly cooling for ts time (seconds) to a temperature intermediate between the bainite initiation temperature ( BS ) and the martensite initiation temperature ( MS ), or to a temperature higher than that. can be secured.
- the cooling rate is less than 50°C/s, there is a problem in which a ferrite phase is formed during cooling.
- the upper limit of the primary cooling rate is not particularly limited, but if the steel plate is cooled too rapidly, there is a risk that the shape of the plate may be distorted, so it can be limited to 200°C/s or less.
- the growth of bainitic ferrite occurs while the primary cooled hot rolled steel sheet is cooled from the primary cooled temperature to the target temperature for secondary cooling.
- the heat rolled steel sheet satisfies the following equation 3: It is desirable to maintain the secondary cooling for a period of time (ts, seconds).
- k(T) is an indicator of the growth rate of bainitic ferrite, and is affected not only by the alloy composition of the steel but also by the phase transformation temperature and grain size after hot rolling. Accordingly, if the value of equation 3, that is, the relationship between k(T) and holding time (exp(-k(T) It becomes impossible to secure it. On the other hand, if the value exceeds 0.9, there is a problem that hole expandability deteriorates.
- the temperature of the steel sheet may increase due to transformation heat generation due to bainite phase transformation.
- the cooling rate during secondary cooling can be controlled to 25°C/s or less to minimize the temperature increase of the steel sheet due to transformation heat generation. If the cooling rate exceeds 25°C/s, there is a risk that the plate shape may be distorted.
- the secondary cooling also includes an air cooling process.
- a cooling rate of 30°C/s or less to a temperature range of ( MS -20°C) to 200°C and then coil it at that temperature.
- martensite transformation progresses at a temperature below M S , and some of the untransformed austenite may additionally grow into martensite under isothermal conditions even after winding.
- the cooling rate in the third cooling step involving rapid phase transformation can be set to 30°C/s or less.
- shape distortion during cooling and resulting uneven material deviation within the plate can be prevented.
- the cooling rate in the third cooling step can be performed at 5°C/s or more.
- the maximum carbon concentration that can be dissolved inside austenite shows different values depending on the temperature at which carbon enrichment progresses, and generally, the lower the temperature, the higher the solid solution limit of carbon inside austenite. Therefore, if the coiling temperature at which carbon enrichment occurs is too high, austenite cannot secure phase stability to cause plastic induced transformation because carbon enrichment is not sufficient, and even if it remains at room temperature, it is lost through stress-induced transformation at the beginning of deformation, thereby reducing elongation. improvement cannot be expected. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable that the upper limit of the tertiary cooling end temperature is MS -20°C to ensure sufficient phase stability.
- the lower limit of the tertiary cooling end temperature is preferably 200°C.
- Bs and Ms can be derived by the formula below, and each element means the weight content.
- B S (°C) 830-(320 ⁇ [C])-(90 ⁇ [Mn])-(35 ⁇ [Si])-(70 ⁇ [Cr])-(120 ⁇ [Mo])
- M S (°C) 550-(330 ⁇ [C])-(41 ⁇ [Mn])-(20 ⁇ [Si])-(20 ⁇ [Cr])-(10 ⁇ [Mo])+(30 ⁇ [Al])
- the target hot rolled steel sheet can be obtained by final cooling.
- final cooling can be completed by air cooling to room temperature.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention obtained by completing final cooling as described above can be additionally pickled and oiled.
- the hot-dip galvanizing process can be performed by heating the pickled and oiled hot-rolled steel sheet to a temperature range of 420 to 740°C.
- the hot dip galvanizing process can use a zinc-based plating bath, and there is no particular limitation on the alloy composition in the zinc-based plating bath.
- a steel slab was prepared having the alloy composition (% by weight, the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities) shown in Table 1 below.
- Each prepared steel slab was reheated at 1200°C, and then hot-rolled, cooled, coiled, and finally cooled (air-cooled) under the conditions shown in Table 2 below to produce a hot-rolled steel sheet with a thickness of 2.5 mm.
- Table 2 the total reduction rate of the final two passes was equally applied at 25%, the cooling rate during the first cooling was uniformly applied at 70°C/s, and the cooling rate during the third cooling was uniformly applied at 20°C/s. was applied.
- yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation were measured at room temperature using a universal tensile tester after collecting JIS-5 standard test specimens in a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. At this time, the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation were expressed as 0.2% off-set yield strength, maximum tensile strength, and elongation at break, respectively.
- hole expandability was measured according to the ISO TS16630 standard method on the same specimen as during the tensile test.
- each hot-rolled steel sheet was observed at a magnification of 10,000 using a scanning electron microscope and an image analyzer after etching the same specimen as during the tensile test using the Nital etching method, and measuring the size of each phase. The fraction was calculated.
- the average size of bainitic ferrite represents the diameter equivalent to a circle, and the average spacing represents the average of the distances between the five closest structures for each bainitic ferrite phase.
- the austenite fraction was calculated using the integrated intensity of the diffraction peaks of each phase using Bruker's X-Ray Diffractometer.
- the microstructure was observed at the thickness position t/4 with respect to the cross section of the specimen, that is, the cross section perpendicular to the rolling direction.
- FDT is the finishing rolling temperature (°C)
- Equation 3 is exp(-k(T) ⁇ (ts) 2 )
- the k(T) is a value defined as below, and ts is the secondary cooling time.
- T1 represents the primary cooling end temperature [°C]
- T2 represents the secondary cooling end temperature [°C].
- [C], [Si], [Mn], [Cr], and [Mo] are respectively Indicates weight percent content for elements in parentheses
- Inventive Examples 1 to 11 which satisfy all of the alloy composition and manufacturing conditions proposed in the present invention, have a composite structure of martensite and austenite with an area fraction of 75 to 90% as a matrix structure and 10 By being composed of ⁇ 25% of the second phase of bainitic ferrite, the target strength and formability were secured.
- Comparative Example 1 which dissatisfies the alloy composition system proposed in the present invention because boron was not added, it was impossible to secure the target strength as bainitic ferrite was excessively generated during the secondary cooling, and due to this low strength, it was relatively weak. The elongation rate tended to be high.
- Comparative Example 2 sufficient bainitic ferrite was not obtained because titanium was not added, and thus it was difficult to secure the hole expandability required in the present invention.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 did not satisfy Equation 3 because the secondary cooling time was excessive, and the fraction of bainitic ferrite, which is the secondary phase, was excessive, making it impossible to secure a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.
- Figure 1 is a graph showing the relationship between boron content and Du in which Equation 1 and Equation 2 are simultaneously satisfied.
- the microstructure intended in the present invention can be secured within the solid line connecting A-B-C-D-E-F.
- Figure 2 shows photographs of the microstructures of Inventive Example 4, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, respectively, observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- invention 4 the matrix structure and secondary phase to be implemented in the present invention were appropriately formed in the microstructure.
- Figure 2(b) it can be confirmed that in Comparative Example 2, soft tissue, which is a secondary phase, was not sufficiently generated.
- Figure 2(c) in Comparative Example 3, soft tissue, which is a secondary phase, was excessively generated.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.09~0.25%, 실리콘(Si): 0.5~2.3%, 망간(Mn): 1.5~3.5%, 알루미늄(Al): 0.001~1.0%, 크롬(Cr): 2.5% 이하(0% 포함), 몰리브덴(Mo): 2.0% 이하(0% 포함), 티타늄(Ti): 0.01~0.20%, 보론(B): 0.0005~0.005%, 인(P): 0.0001~0.05%, 황(S): 0.0001~0.05%, 질소(N): 0.0001~0.05%, 나머지는 Fe 및 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고,미세조직은 면적%로, 75~90%의 마르텐사이트와 오스테나이트의 복합조직, 10~25%의 베이니틱 페라이트를 포함하고,상기 오스테나이트는 3~10%를 포함하는 열연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 니오븀(Nb): 0.01~0.2%를 더 포함하는 열연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 베이니틱 페라이트의 평균 입경은 2.0㎛ 이상이 열연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 베이니틱 페라이트의 평균 간격은 3㎛ 이상인 열연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 열연강판은 800MPa 이상의 항복강도, 980MPa 이상의 인장강도, 9% 이상의 연신율을 갖으며 45% 이상의 구멍확장율을 갖는 열연강판.
- 중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.09~0.25%, 실리콘(Si): 0.5~2.3%, 망간(Mn): 1.5~3.5%, 알루미늄(Al): 0.001~1.0%, 크롬(Cr): 2.5% 이하(0% 포함), 몰리브덴(Mo): 2.0% 이하(0% 포함), 티타늄(Ti): 0.01~0.20%, 보론(B): 0.0005~0.005%, 인(P): 0.0001~0.05%, 황(S): 0.0001~0.05%, 질소(N): 0.0001~0.05%, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하는 강 슬라브를 1100~1350℃의 온도범위에서 재가열하는 단계;상기 재가열된 강 슬라브를 열간압연하여 열연강판을 제조하는 단계;상기 열연강판을 BS 이하의 온도까지 50℃/s 이상의 냉각속도로 1차 냉각하는 단계;상기 1차 냉각 후 (BS+MS)/2 이상의 온도까지 25℃/s 이하의 냉각속도로 ts 시간(초)동안 2차 냉각하는 단계;상기 2차 냉각 후 (MS-20℃)~200℃의 온도범위까지 30℃/s 이하의 냉각속도로 3차 냉각하는 단계; 및상기 3차 냉각된 온도범위에서 권취하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 열간압연시 750~1150℃의 온도범위 내에서 하기 관계식 1로 정의되는 Du의 값이 2~10 범위를 충족하도록 마무리 열간압연을 행하고,상기 1차 및 2차 냉각은 하기 관계식 2 내지 4의 조건을 충족하는, 열연 강판의 제조방법.[관계식 1]Du = (FDT+(7.4×[C])-(24.7×[Si])-(4.7×[Mn])-(3.9×[Cr])-(5.2×[Mo])-(560×[Ti])-(1110×[Nb]))×0.049-34.2(상기 관계식 1에 있어서, FDT는 압연 종료 온도(℃)를 의미하고, [C], [Si], [Mn], [Cr], [Mo], [Ti] 및 [Nb]는 각각 괄호 안의 원소에 대한 중량% 함량을 나타낸다.)[관계식 2]5.0×106 ≤ Du×Bat×2.968×1010 ≤ 2.0×107(상기 관계식 2에 있어서, Du는 관계식 1에서의 정의와 동일하고, 상기 Bat는 55.845×[B]/(1080.6+45.04×[B])를 나타내며, [B]는 보론(B)의 중량 함량(%)을 나타낸다.)[관계식 3]0.75 ≤ exp(-k(T)×(ts)2) ≤ 0.9(상기 k(T)는 하기 관계식 4로 정의되는 값이고, ts는 2차 냉각 시간을 나타낸다.)[관계식 4](상기 관계식 4에서, Du는 관계식 1에서의 정의와 동일하고, Bat는 관계식 2에서의 정의와 동일하다. 또한, T1은 1차 냉각 종료 온도[℃]를 나타내고, T2는 2차 냉각 종료 온도[℃]를 나타낸다. 또한, [C], [Si], [Mn], [Cr] 및 [Mo]는 각각 괄호 안의 원소에 대한 중량% 함량을 나타낸다.)
- 청구항 6에 있어서,상기 열간압연 시, 최종 2패스(Pass)의 총 압하량이 10~40%인 열연 강판의 제조방법
- 청구항 6에 있어서,상기 권취 후 상온까지 최종 냉각하는 단계를 더 포함하는 열연 강판의 제조방법.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 최종 냉각 후 산세 및 도유하는 단계를 더 포함하는 열연 강판의 제조방법.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 산세 및 도유 후 용융아연 도금하는 단계를 더 포함하는 열연 강판의 제조방법.
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| JP2025536241A JP2025541896A (ja) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-14 | 熱延鋼板及びその製造方法 |
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| KR20220039946A (ko) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-03-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 충돌성능이 우수한 열연강판 및 그 제조방법 |
| KR20220147134A (ko) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-11-02 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 고강도 열연 강판 |
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| JP5605527B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-10-15 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| MX2018001082A (es) * | 2015-07-27 | 2018-06-06 | Jfe Steel Corp | Lamina de acero laminada en caliente de alta resistencia y metodo para la fabricacion de la misma. |
| CN112004955B (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2022-03-04 | 日本制铁株式会社 | 钢构件及其制造方法 |
| KR102153197B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-09-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | 가공성이 우수한 냉연강판, 용융아연도금강판 및 이들의 제조방법 |
| KR102485013B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-01-04 | 주식회사 포스코 | 가공성이 우수한 고강도 강판 및 그 제조방법 |
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- 2023-12-14 CN CN202380088213.1A patent/CN120344702A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-14 WO PCT/KR2023/020644 patent/WO2024136300A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-14 EP EP23907586.4A patent/EP4640897A4/en active Pending
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| JP2008255484A (ja) | 2007-03-15 | 2008-10-23 | Kobe Steel Ltd | プレス加工性に優れた高強度熱延鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| US20150034218A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2015-02-05 | Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh | High strength cold rolled steel sheet and method of producing such steel sheet |
| JP2016180138A (ja) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-10-13 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 加工性に優れた高強度鋼板 |
| KR20210113653A (ko) * | 2019-02-18 | 2021-09-16 | 가부시키가이샤 고베 세이코쇼 | 강판 |
| KR20220147134A (ko) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-11-02 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 고강도 열연 강판 |
| KR20220039946A (ko) * | 2020-09-22 | 2022-03-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 충돌성능이 우수한 열연강판 및 그 제조방법 |
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| CN118979190A (zh) * | 2024-08-26 | 2024-11-19 | 北京科技大学 | 低碳高扩孔钢及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120344702A (zh) | 2025-07-18 |
| EP4640897A1 (en) | 2025-10-29 |
| EP4640897A4 (en) | 2026-04-29 |
| MX2025007287A (es) | 2025-09-02 |
| JP2025541896A (ja) | 2025-12-23 |
| KR20240098492A (ko) | 2024-06-28 |
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