WO2024136344A1 - 냉연강판 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
냉연강판 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136344A1 WO2024136344A1 PCT/KR2023/020812 KR2023020812W WO2024136344A1 WO 2024136344 A1 WO2024136344 A1 WO 2024136344A1 KR 2023020812 W KR2023020812 W KR 2023020812W WO 2024136344 A1 WO2024136344 A1 WO 2024136344A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0273—Final recrystallisation annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Definitions
- One preferred aspect of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high strength cold-rolled steel sheet with a tensile strength of 1470 MPa or more, which has excellent hole expandability, bending characteristics, and weldability, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a surface roughness (Rsk) of -0.7 to -0.1.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a yield strength of 1150 to 1400 MPa.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a tensile strength of 1470 to 1650 MPa.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a yield ratio of 0.75 to 0.96.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have an elongation of 4 to 11%.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a bending workability (R/t) of 2 to 4.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a hole expandability of 35 to 70%.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have (tensile strength ⁇ hole expandability)/(bending workability (R/t)) of 15,000 to 35,000 MPa%.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a hardness of 440 to 570 Hv in the spot weld zone.
- the cold rolled steel sheet may have a crack length of 10 ⁇ m or less (including 0 ⁇ m) at the minimum nugget diameter (3 ⁇ t, t: thickness of steel) of the spot weld.
- the cold-rolled steel sheet may have an electro-galvanized layer formed on at least one side.
- the surface layer may be an area of up to 20 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the surface of the steel material.
- Another embodiment of the present invention is by weight percentage, carbon (C): 0.19 to 0.26%, silicon (Si): 0.03 to 0.50%, manganese (Mn): 1.4 to 2.0%, chromium (Cr): 0.03 to 0.30%.
- the continuous annealing may be performed for 30 to 230 seconds.
- the step of forming an electrogalvanized layer on at least one surface of the cold rolled steel sheet may be further included.
- a cold rolled steel sheet and a manufacturing method thereof can be provided.
- an ultra-high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet with excellent hole expandability, bending properties, and weldability and a tensile strength of 1470 MPa or more and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram for evaluating the presence or absence of cracks at the minimum nugget diameter (3 ⁇ t) of a resistance point weld zone.
- Figure 2 is a microstructure photograph of the surface layer of Inventive Example 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention observed with an electron microscope (SEM).
- Figure 3 is a microstructure photograph of the surface layer of Comparative Example 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention observed with an electron microscope (SEM).
- Figure 4 is a microstructure photograph of a cross-section of a weld of Inventive Example 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention observed with an optical microscope.
- Figure 5 is a microstructure photograph of a cross-section of a weld of Comparative Example 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention observed with an optical microscope.
- the present inventors can appropriately control the microstructure and carbide, and in particular, control the surface roughness to manufacture ultra-high-strength cold-rolled steel sheets with a tensile strength of 1470 MPa or more with excellent hole expandability, bending characteristics, and weldability. After recognizing this, the present invention was completed.
- C is an invasive solid solution element and is the most effective and important element in improving the strength of steel. In addition, it is an element that must be added to secure the strength of martensitic steel. If the C content is less than 0.19%, it may be difficult to obtain the target yield ratio and tensile strength of the present invention. If the C content exceeds 0.26%, martensite is excessively formed during cooling due to a rapid increase in hardenability, and as a result, the strength may rapidly increase and the elongation may be inferior. Additionally, weldability may become poor. Therefore, it is preferable that the C content ranges from 0.19 to 0.26%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the C content is more preferably 0.20%, and the upper limit of the C content is more preferably 0.25%.
- Si plays a role in suppressing the formation of carbides and controlling the size of carbides in the reheating and overaging treatment steps performed after continuous annealing and cooling. If the Si content is less than 0.03%, it may be difficult to sufficiently obtain the above-described effects. If the Si content exceeds 0.50%, there is a risk that ferrite is generated after continuous annealing and cooling, thereby weakening the strength of the steel. In addition, Si is an element that increases specific resistance, which may result in poor resistance spot weldability. Therefore, the Si content is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.50%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the Si content is more preferably 0.05%, and the upper limit of the Si content is more preferably 0.40%, and even more preferably 0.30%. do.
- Mn is an element added to ensure strength. If the Mn content is less than 1.4%, the hardenability is low, and if the cooling rate is not fast enough during cooling after continuous annealing, martensite is not formed, making it difficult to secure the level of strength targeted in the present invention. If the Mn content exceeds 2.0%, the Ms temperature decreases during cooling after continuous annealing, and as the final cooling temperature decreases, the shape of the steel sheet becomes poor. Additionally, it is difficult to secure the initial martensite structure. In addition, during steelmaking/continuous casting operations, a Mn-based segregation zone occurs in the longitudinal direction of the slab, deteriorating bendability.
- the Mn content is preferably in the range of 1.4 to 2.0%.
- the lower limit of the Mn content is more preferably 1.5%, and the upper limit of the Mn content is more preferably 1.9%.
- Cr is an element that facilitates securing a low-temperature transformation structure by suppressing ferrite transformation.
- the Cr content is less than 0.03%, the hardenability is low, and if the cooling rate is not fast enough during cooling after continuous annealing, martensite is not formed, making it difficult to secure the level of strength targeted by the present invention.
- the Cr content exceeds 0.30%, delayed fracture resistance may be deteriorated, carbides such as CrC may be formed to impair hole expandability and bending workability, and costs may increase due to excessive alloy input. Therefore, the Cr content is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.30%.
- the lower limit of the Cr content is more preferably 0.03%, and the upper limit of the Cr content is more preferably 0.25%.
- Mo is an element that has the effect of improving the quenchability of steel, generating Mo-based fine carbides that serve as hydrogen trap sites, and improving delayed fracture resistance by martensite refinement. If the Mo content is less than 0.03%, it may be difficult to sufficiently obtain the above-described effects. If the Mo content exceeds 0.30%, the above-mentioned effect does not increase significantly compared to the increase in cost due to the addition of expensive alloy elements. Therefore, the Mo content is preferably in the range of 0.03 to 0.30%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the Mo content is more preferably 0.05%, and the upper limit of the Mo content is more preferably 0.25%.
- the present invention has the advantage of suppressing the formation of ferrite during cooling after continuous annealing. If the content of B is less than 0.0005%, there is no hardenability effect at all, making it impossible to secure the strength targeted in the present invention, and also there is a problem of poor bending workability due to excessive formation of ferrite in the surface layer. If the content of B exceeds 0.005%, ductility may be greatly reduced. Therefore, the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.0005 to 0.005%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the B content is more preferably 0.0007%, and the upper limit of the B content is more preferably 0.004%.
- P is an impurity element contained in steel. If the P content exceeds 0.03%, weldability may deteriorate and steel may become brittle. Meanwhile, the smaller the amount of P added to steel, the more advantageous it is, but considering the case where it is inevitably included in the manufacturing process, 0% is excluded. Therefore, it is preferable that the P content is 0.03% or less (excluding 0%). In order to further enhance the above-described effects and prevent problems, it is more preferable that the P content is 0.025% or less.
- S is an impurity element contained in steel. If the S content exceeds 0.003%, ductility and weldability may be impaired, and a large amount of MnS precipitates may be formed, resulting in poor bending workability. Meanwhile, the smaller the amount of S added to steel, the more advantageous it is, but considering the case where it is inevitably included in the manufacturing process, 0% is excluded. Therefore, it is preferable that the P content is 0.003% (excluding 0%) or less. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the content of S is more preferably 0.0025% or less, and even more preferably 0.0020% or less.
- N is an impurity element, and if its content exceeds 0.01%, it greatly increases the risk of cracks occurring during continuous casting due to the formation of AlN.
- the content of N is excluded from 0%, considering that it is inevitably included during the manufacturing process. Therefore, the N content is preferably in the range of 0.01% or less (excluding 0%). In order to further enhance the above-described effects and prevent problems, the N content is more preferably 0.008% or less, and even more preferably 0.006% or less.
- Al may be added to remove oxygen in molten steel. If the Al content is less than 0.01%, deoxidation is not sufficiently achieved, thereby impairing the cleanliness of the steel material. If the Al content exceeds 0.10%, not only does the castability of the slab deteriorate, but the temperature required for single-phase heating during continuous annealing increases, which may lead to production and equipment problems. Therefore, the Al content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.10%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, it is more preferable that the upper limit of the Al content is 0.075%.
- Nb is an element that segregates at austenite grain boundaries, suppresses coarsening of austenite grains during the continuous annealing process, and forms fine precipitates, contributing to strength improvement. If the Nb content is less than 0.01%, the austenite grain refinement and precipitation strengthening effects cannot be sufficiently achieved. If the Nb content exceeds 0.05%, precipitation of coarse carbonitrides increases, and there is a risk that strength and elongation may decrease due to a decrease in the amount of carbon in the steel. In addition, there is a problem that the processability of the base material decreases and the manufacturing cost increases. Therefore, the Nb content is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.05%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the Nb content is more preferably 0.015%, and the upper limit of the Nb content is more preferably 0.045%.
- Ti is a nitride forming element and is an element that undergoes scavenging by precipitating dissolved N into TiN. If the Ti content is less than 0.005%, not only is it difficult to obtain the effect of increasing strength, but the effect of scavenging dissolved N is reduced, and as a large amount of AlN is formed, cracks are likely to occur during continuous casting. If the Ti content exceeds 0.05%, the strength of martensite may be reduced by precipitating additional carbides in addition to the removal of dissolved N, and the formation of carbon and nitrides such as excessive TiC and TiN may cause hole expansion and Bending processability may be impaired. Therefore, the Ti content is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 0.05%. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the Ti content is more preferably 0.01%, and the upper limit of the Ti content is more preferably 0.04%.
- the remaining ingredient is iron (Fe).
- Fe iron
- the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention satisfies the above-described alloy composition and at the same time satisfies the following relations 1 to 3.
- the above relational equation 1 is a component relational equation that is closely related to the hardness of the weld zone. If the value of X is less than 0.31, it is difficult to sufficiently secure the hardness and strength of the weld zone. If the value of Therefore, the value of X is preferably in the range of 0.31 to 0.40. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the X value is more preferably 0.32, and the upper limit of the X value is more preferably 0.39.
- the above relational equation 2 is a component relational equation related to hardenability to secure the microstructure and strength targeted by the present invention. If the value of Y is less than 125, it is difficult to secure sufficient strength because the microstructure targeted by the present invention cannot be obtained due to insufficient hardenability. If the value of Y exceeds 190, not only does the manufacturing cost increase, but there is a problem that the strength increases excessively and the elongation rate decreases. Therefore, the value of Y is preferably in the range of 125 to 190. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the Y value is more preferably 130, and the upper limit of the Y value is more preferably 185.
- the above relational equation 3 is a component relational equation for securing an appropriate level of hardness and hardenability of the weld zone. If the value of Y/X is less than 410, Ceq is satisfied, but the target microstructure may not be obtained due to insufficient hardenability, making it difficult to secure strength. If the value of Y/X exceeds 620, hardenability is sufficiently secured, but there may be difficulty in securing the strength of the weld zone due to low Ceq. Therefore, the value of Y/X is preferably in the range of 410 to 620. In order to further enhance the above-mentioned effect and prevent problems, the lower limit of the Y/X value is more preferably 420, and the upper limit of the Y/X value is more preferably 600.
- the cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention has a center in terms of microstructure; and a surface layer formed outside the center in the thickness direction.
- the central microstructure is expressed in area%, and includes the total of one or more types of ferrite and bainite: 5% or less (including 0%), one or more types of residual martensite and tempered martensite, and the surface layer microstructure is an area. In percentage, the total of one or more types of ferrite and bainite: 11% or less (excluding 0%), preferably including one or more types of residual martensite and tempered martensite.
- the main phase of the central microstructure preferably includes at least one type of martensite and tempered martensite.
- the martensite and tempered martensite are very advantageous structures for securing the strength, hole expandability, bending characteristics, and weldability targeted by the present invention.
- one or more types of ferrite and bainite may inevitably be formed, and if the total fraction of one or more types of ferrite and bainite exceeds 5%, it may be difficult to secure the physical properties desired by the present invention. You can. It is more preferable that the total fraction of at least one type of ferrite and bainite is 3% or less.
- the main phase of the surface microstructure preferably includes at least one type of martensite and tempered martensite.
- the total fraction of at least one type of ferrite and bainite is 11% or less (excluding 0%). Since the ferrite and bainite are softer than martensite and tempered martensite, bending characteristics can be further improved by forming an appropriate level of ferrite and bainite in the surface layer. If the total fraction of one or more of the ferrite and bainite exceeds 11%, it is difficult to secure sufficient strength and bending characteristics may be poor. It is more preferable that the total fraction of at least one type of ferrite and bainite is 10% or less. In the present invention, the lower limit of the total fraction of one or more of the ferrite and bainite is not particularly limited, but may be 1% as an example.
- the depth of the surface layer may vary depending on the thickness of the steel, and in one embodiment, it may be an area of up to 20 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the surface of the steel.
- the average size of carbides is 260 nm or less. If the average size of the carbide exceeds 260 nm, bending characteristics may be poor. It is more preferable that the average size of the carbides is 250 nm or less. In the present invention, the smaller the average size of the carbide, the more advantageous, so there is no particular limitation on the lower limit. However, the lower limit of the average size of the carbide may be 10 nm as an example. Meanwhile, the carbide may be one or more of, for example, a carbide containing Fe and Mn, a carbide containing Mn and Cr, and a carbide containing Fe, Mn, Cr, and Mo.
- the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention may have a surface roughness (Rsk) of -0.7 to -0.1.
- the surface roughness (Rsk (Skewness)) is one of several factors of surface roughness related to the asymmetry of the sharp derivation area. The closer the surface roughness (Rsk) is to 0 or to a + value, the more advantageous it is to secure bending characteristics. As the negative value of the surface roughness (Rsk) increases, the valleys on the flat surface become deeper, stress is concentrated in this area, and the susceptibility to cracking increases, resulting in inferior bending characteristics. If the value of the surface roughness (Rsk) is less than -0.7, the bending characteristics may be inferior.
- the value of the surface roughness (Rsk) exceeds -0.1, it is advantageous to secure bending characteristics, but manufacturing costs greatly increase because the surface of the roll must be processed. It is more preferable that the lower limit of the value of the surface roughness (Rsk) is -0.65. It is more preferable that the upper limit of the value of the surface roughness (Rsk) is -0.15.
- the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention provided as described above has yield strength: 1150 ⁇ 1400MPa, tensile strength: 1470 ⁇ 1650MPa, yield ratio: 0.75 ⁇ 0.96, elongation: 4 ⁇ 11%, bending workability (R/t): 2 ⁇ 4, Hole expandability: 35 ⁇ 70%, (tensile strength Crack length at the minimum nugget diameter (3 ⁇ t, t: thickness of steel): may be 10 ⁇ m or less (including 0 ⁇ m). The crack length of 0 ⁇ m means that no crack occurs.
- a 1.5t Gap is placed between two materials of 30mm ⁇ 100mm in size as shown in Figure 1, Force: 3.8KN, Welding time: 20cycle, Holding It may be formed by resistance spot welding by applying a welding current in the range of 5.0 to 6.0 kA under the condition of time: 10 cycles.
- the thickness of the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention may be 0.6 to 2.2 mm.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the cold rolled steel sheet is more preferably 0.7 mm, and even more preferably 0.8 mm.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the cold rolled steel sheet is more preferably 2.1 mm, and even more preferably 2.0 mm.
- the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention may have a plating layer formed on at least one side.
- the type of the plating layer there is no particular limitation on the type of the plating layer, and all types of plating layers commonly used in the art can be formed.
- the plating layer may be an electric zinc plating layer.
- the plating layer may be a hot-dip galvanized layer or an alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer.
- a slab that satisfies the above-described alloy composition and equations 1 to 3 is heated at 1100 to 1300°C.
- the slab heating process is performed to smoothly perform the subsequent hot rolling process and sufficiently obtain the target physical properties of the steel sheet. If the slab heating temperature is less than 1100°C, a problem occurs in which the hot rolling load rapidly increases. If the slab heating temperature exceeds 1300°C, the amount of surface scale increases and the yield of the material decreases.
- the lower limit of the slab heating temperature is more preferably 1110°C, more preferably 1120°C, and most preferably 1130°C.
- the upper limit of the slab heating temperature is more preferably 1290°C, more preferably 1280°C, and most preferably 1270°C.
- the heated slab is subjected to final hot rolling at Ar3 ⁇ Ar3+120°C to obtain a hot rolled steel sheet.
- the finishing hot rolling temperature is lower than Ar3, rolling of ferrite + austenite in the two-phase region or ferrite phase occurs to create a mixed structure, and plate fracture may occur due to changes in the hot rolling load. If the finishing hot rolling temperature exceeds Ar3+120°C, a large amount of surface scale may occur and the surface quality may deteriorate.
- the lower limit of the finish hot rolling temperature is more preferably Ar3+10°C, even more preferably Ar3+20°C, and most preferably Ar3+30°C.
- the upper limit of the finish hot rolling temperature is more preferably Ar3+110°C, even more preferably Ar3+100°C, and most preferably Ar3+90°C.
- Ar3 refers to the temperature at which austenite begins to transform into ferrite upon cooling, and can be obtained through Equation 1 below.
- the hot rolled steel sheet is wound at Ms ⁇ 600°C.
- the coiling temperature exceeds 600°C, internal oxidation occurs on the surface of the steel sheet, causing the microstructure formed in the surface layer to become uneven, and thus the bending characteristics may be inferior.
- the coiling temperature is less than Ms, the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet increases excessively, and the rolling load increases during cold rolling, which is a post-process, making actual production impossible.
- the lower limit of the above coiling temperature is Ms+50°C. It is more preferable that the upper limit of the coiling temperature is 550°C.
- the Ms refers to the temperature at which austenite begins to transform into martensite upon cooling, and can be obtained through Equation 2 below.
- a pickling process may be performed to remove the oxide layer formed on the surface of the hot rolled steel sheet.
- the coiled hot-rolled steel sheet is cold-rolled at a cold rolling reduction rate of 35 to 70% to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet.
- the cold rolling reduction ratio is less than 35%, not only is it difficult to secure the thickness desired in the present invention, but there is a risk that austenite is generated during annealing heat treatment due to the remaining crystal grains formed during hot rolling, affecting the final physical properties. Additionally, the negative value of surface roughness (Rsk) may become excessively large, resulting in poor bending characteristics. If the cold rolling reduction ratio exceeds 70%, the rolling reduction in the length and width directions may become uneven due to work hardening that occurs during cold rolling, which may cause material deviation of the steel sheet.
- the lower limit of the cold rolling reduction ratio is more preferably 36%, more preferably 37%, and most preferably 38%.
- the upper limit of the cold rolling reduction ratio is more preferably 68%, more preferably 66%, and most preferably 64%.
- the cold rolled steel sheet is continuously annealed at Ac3+20°C to Ac3+80°C.
- the continuous annealing temperature is less than Ac3+20°C, a mixed structure may be formed as annealing occurs in a two-phase region rather than a single-phase region over the entire length of the steel sheet, making it difficult to secure the physical properties targeted by the present invention. You can.
- the continuous annealing temperature exceeds Ac3+80°C, equipment problems may occur due to overload of the annealing furnace.
- the lower limit of the continuous annealing temperature is more preferably Ac3+21°C, even more preferably Ac3+24°C, and most preferably Ac3+25°C.
- the upper limit of the continuous annealing temperature is more preferably Ac3+70°C, even more preferably Ac3+60°C, and most preferably Ac3+50°C.
- Ac3 refers to the temperature at which austenite begins to appear upon heating, and can be obtained through Equation 3 below.
- the continuous annealing can be performed for 30 to 230 seconds.
- the continuous annealing time is less than 30 seconds, there is a disadvantage in that it is difficult to secure a single-phase austenite structure. If the continuous annealing time exceeds 230 seconds, the austenite size becomes coarse, making it difficult to secure strength and bending properties.
- the lower limit of the continuous annealing time is more preferably 40 seconds, more preferably 50 seconds, and most preferably 60 seconds.
- the upper limit of the continuous annealing time is more preferably 220 seconds, more preferably 210 seconds, and most preferably 200 seconds.
- the continuously annealed cold rolled steel sheet is first cooled at an average cooling rate of 1 to 6°C/s until the primary cooling end temperature (T1) is 670 to 750°C. If the first cooling end temperature (T1) is less than 670°C, a large amount of soft ferrite and bainite other than martensite are formed during the cooling process, which may cause the surface layer structure to become non-uniform, resulting in poor bending characteristics. If the primary cooling end temperature (T1) exceeds 750°C, the temperature difference between the first cooling end temperature (T1) and the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) increases, causing rapid phase transformation, which may result in poor product shape. . It is more preferable that the lower limit of the primary cooling end temperature is 680°C.
- the upper limit of the primary cooling end temperature is 740°C. If the first average cooling rate is less than 1°C/s, ferrite is formed during cooling, making it impossible to secure the level of strength targeted by the present invention. If the first average cooling rate exceeds 6°C/s, the average cooling rate during the subsequent secondary cooling decreases, and the fraction of low-temperature transformation phases other than martensite increases, thereby increasing the strength at the level targeted by the present invention. cannot be secured. It is more preferable that the lower limit of the primary average cooling rate is 2°C/s. It is more preferable that the upper limit of the primary average cooling rate is 5°C/s.
- the primary cooled cold-rolled steel sheet is secondarily cooled at an average cooling rate of 40 to 110°C/s until the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) is 50 to 200°C.
- the secondary cooling is to secure one or more types of martensite and tempered martensite, which are the main phases of the present invention. If the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) is less than 50°C, shape defects are caused by rapid phase transformation, and continuous production is difficult due to the meandering problem of the strip. If the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) exceeds 200°C, there may be difficulty in securing the strength targeted by the present invention.
- the lower limit of the secondary cooling end temperature is more preferably 55°C, more preferably 60°C, and most preferably 65°C.
- the upper limit of the secondary cooling end temperature is more preferably 195°C, more preferably 190°C, and most preferably 185°C. If the secondary average cooling rate is less than 40°C/s, soft ferrite transformation occurs during cooling, making it difficult to secure the target strength. If the secondary average cooling rate exceeds 110°C/s, the shape of the product may become poor due to rapid phase transformation.
- the lower limit of the secondary average cooling rate is more preferably 45°C/s, more preferably 50°C/s, and most preferably 55°C/s.
- the upper limit of the secondary average cooling rate is more preferably 105°C, more preferably 100°C, and most preferably 95°C.
- ⁇ T Ms - secondary cooling end temperature (T2).
- the above relational equation 4 is a relational equation for obtaining the strength targeted by the present invention by securing the total fraction of at least one type of martensite and tempered martensite to be obtained in the present invention. If the value of F is less than 0.9, it may be difficult to secure the strength targeted by the present invention. It is more preferable that the value of F is 0.91 or more. In the present invention, the higher the value of F, the more advantageous, so there is no particular limitation on the upper limit. However, the upper limit of the F value may be 0.99 as an example.
- ⁇ T is Ms - secondary cooling end temperature (T2)
- Z is 3500C + 150Mn + 50(Si+Cr+Mo) + 1000Nb.
- the relational expression 5 is a relational expression that examines the relationship between the relational expression 4 and the strength-related factors. If the value of F If the value of F ⁇ Z exceeds 1200, the strength may be excessively high and the elongation may be low. It is more preferable that the lower limit of the value of F ⁇ Z is 960. It is more preferable that the upper limit of the value of F ⁇ Z is 1180.
- the primary cooling end temperature (T1) - the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) It is desirable to control the primary cooling end temperature (T1) - the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) to be 650°C or lower. If the primary cooling end temperature (T1) - secondary cooling end temperature (T2) exceeds 650°C, shape defects may occur. It is more preferable that the primary cooling end temperature (T1) and the secondary cooling end temperature (T2) are 600°C or less.
- the secondary cooled cold rolled steel sheet is reheated to an overaging temperature (H) of 100 to 250° C. and then subjected to overaging treatment for 5 to 12 minutes.
- H overaging temperature
- the martensite obtained by the quenching process described above can be transformed into tempered martensite to increase the yield strength.
- the reheating temperature and overaging temperature are less than 100°C, there is a disadvantage in that the yield strength is low and sufficient toughness cannot be secured because sufficient tempering is not performed.
- the reheating temperature and overaging temperature exceed 250°C, there is a disadvantage in that bending workability is deteriorated due to large amounts of carbides being precipitated and coarsened.
- the lower limit of the reheating temperature and over-aging treatment temperature is more preferably 110°C, more preferably 120°C, and most preferably 130°C.
- the upper limit of the reheating temperature and over-aging treatment temperature is more preferably 245°C, more preferably 240°C, and most preferably 235°C. If the overaging treatment time is less than 5 minutes, the yield strength may be lowered due to insufficient tempering. If the overaging treatment time exceeds 12 minutes, the carbide may become coarse due to excessive tempering, resulting in poor bending characteristics.
- the lower limit of the over-aging treatment time is more preferably 5.5 minutes, more preferably 6.0 minutes, and most preferably 6.5 minutes.
- the upper limit of the over-aging treatment time is more preferably 11.5 minutes, more preferably 11 minutes, and most preferably 10.5 minutes.
- the over-aging treatment temperature (H) - secondary cooling end temperature (T2) it is preferable to control the over-aging treatment temperature (H) - secondary cooling end temperature (T2) to be 30°C or higher. If the overaging treatment temperature (H) - secondary cooling end temperature (T2) is less than 30°C, tempering is not sufficient and it is difficult to secure the target yield strength. It is more preferable that the over-aging treatment temperature (H) - secondary cooling end temperature (T2) is 50°C or higher.
- the over-aged cold rolled steel sheet is temper rolled (SPM (Skin Pass Mill)) with a rolling force of 500 to 1000 tons.
- the temper rolling enables control of surface roughness (Rsk). If the reduction force during temper rolling is less than 500 tons, it is not easy to control the surface roughness (Rsk) due to the low load, and if it exceeds 1000 tons, work hardening of the surface is severe and bending characteristics may be inferior.
- the lower limit of the reduction force during temper rolling is more preferably 550 tons, and even more preferably 600 tons.
- the upper limit of the reduction force during temper rolling is more preferably 950 tons, and even more preferably 900 tons.
- the temper-rolled cold-rolled steel sheet is tension leveled (T/L) at an elongation of 0.05 to 0.65%.
- the tension leveling is for correcting the shape of the steel plate. If the elongation during tension leveling is less than 0.05%, shape correction may be difficult. If the elongation during tension leveling exceeds 0.65%, work hardening may become severe and bending characteristics may become inferior.
- the lower limit of elongation during tension leveling is more preferably 0.10%, and even more preferably 0.15%.
- the upper limit of elongation during tension leveling is more preferably 0.60%, and even more preferably 0.55%.
- the step of forming an electrogalvanized layer on at least one surface of the cold rolled steel sheet may be further included.
- the method of forming the electrogalvanized layer there is no particular limitation on the method of forming the electrogalvanized layer, and all methods commonly used in the technical field can be used.
- the microstructure was measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy at the surface layer of the steel sheet (based on this example, 20 ⁇ m in the thickness direction from the surface) and 1/4t (t: thickness of steel) from the surface of the steel sheet. After observation through (OM), the fraction of each phase was analyzed three times through image analysis, and the average value was calculated.
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- t thickness of steel
- the average size of carbides was photographed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) at a position 1/4t (t: thickness of steel) from the surface of the steel plate, and then the average value was calculated.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- Yield strength, tensile strength, yield ratio, and total elongation are determined by processing cold-rolled steel sheets into specimens of JIS standards (gauge length: 25 ⁇ 50 mm, total specimen length: 200 to 260 mm) and testing at a speed of 28 mm/min. It was measured by a tensile test.
- Bending workability is measured by processing a cold-rolled steel sheet into a specimen of 100 mm in width x 30 mm in length, then performing a 90° bending test at a test speed of 100 mm/min, and bending using a stereoscopic microscope. The occurrence of negative cracks was confirmed, and the R/t value was obtained by dividing the minimum bending radius (R value of the mold) at which no cracks occurred by the thickness of the specimen (mm).
- Hole expandability was measured according to the ISO 16330 standard, and the hole was sheared with a clearance of 12% using a 10 mm diameter punch.
- the crack length at the minimum nugget diameter (3 ⁇ t, t: steel thickness (mm)) of the weld zone is as shown in Figure 1, with a 1.5t gap between two materials of 30mm x 100mm in size, Force: 3.8KN, Welding After performing resistance spot welding by applying a welding current in the range of 5.0 ⁇ 6.0kA under the conditions of time: 20cycle, holding time: 10cycle, the cross section of the welded area was observed with an optical microscope to determine the minimum nugget diameter (3 ⁇ t). The crack length of the area was measured.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram for evaluating the presence or absence of cracks at the minimum nugget diameter (3 ⁇ t) of a resistance spot weld zone.
- the hardness of the spot weld zone was measured 10 times using Vickers hardness (load: 500 gf) for the spot weld zone, and the average value was calculated.
- Figure 2 is a microstructure photograph of the surface layer of Inventive Example 1 observed with an electron microscope (SEM)
- Figure 3 is a microstructure photograph of the surface layer portion of Comparative Example 5 observed with an electron microscope (SEM).
- Inventive Example 1 mostly has martensite and tempered martensite structures, but Comparative Example 5 contains a significant amount of ferrite and bainite structures. Able to know.
- Figure 4 is a microstructure photograph of the cross-section of the weld of Inventive Example 4 observed with an optical microscope
- Figure 5 is a microstructure photograph of the cross-section of the weld of Comparative Example 1 observed with an optical microscope.
- Figures 4 and 5 in the case of Inventive Example 4, no cracks occurred, but in the case of Comparative Example 1, cracks occurred.
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Abstract
Description
| 강종 | 합금조성(중량%) | ||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | N | Al | |
| 발명강1 | 0.22 | 0.1 | 1.85 | 0.01 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.03 |
| 발명강2 | 0.23 | 0.05 | 1.78 | 0.011 | 0.0012 | 0.003 | 0.035 |
| 발명강3 | 0.21 | 0.15 | 1.91 | 0.012 | 0.0009 | 0.004 | 0.03 |
| 발명강4 | 0.24 | 0.15 | 1.7 | 0.012 | 0.0015 | 0.003 | 0.031 |
| 발명강5 | 0.23 | 0.2 | 1.65 | 0.009 | 0.0011 | 0.004 | 0.035 |
| 비교강1 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 1.85 | 0.011 | 0.0014 | 0.005 | 0.039 |
| 비교강2 | 0.25 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 0.012 | 0.0012 | 0.004 | 0.035 |
| 비교강3 | 0.25 | 0.6 | 1.95 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.03 |
| 비교강4 | 0.18 | 0.1 | 1.75 | 0.014 | 0.0015 | 0.003 | 0.031 |
| 비교강5 | 0.22 | 0.15 | 1.1 | 0.01 | 0.0011 | 0.005 | 0.041 |
| 비교강6 | 0.21 | 0.09 | 1.42 | 0.008 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.035 |
| 강종 | 합금조성(중량%) | |||||||
| Cr | Mo | Nb | Ti | B | X | Y | Y/X | |
| 발명강1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 0.035 | 0.02 | 0.0025 | 0.34 | 168 | 496 |
| 발명강2 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.025 | 0.002 | 0.347 | 155 | 447 |
| 발명강3 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.034 | 0.023 | 0.0021 | 0.338 | 174 | 513 |
| 발명강4 | 0.11 | 0.1 | 0.025 | 0.034 | 0.0024 | 0.36 | 158 | 439 |
| 발명강5 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.029 | 0.002 | 0.342 | 150 | 440 |
| 비교강1 | 0.16 | 0.07 | 0.031 | 0.021 | 0.0025 | 0.395 | 175 | 444 |
| 비교강2 | 0.15 | 0.09 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.0021 | 0.41 | 187 | 456 |
| 비교강3 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.025 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.402 | 174 | 432 |
| 비교강4 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.029 | 0.027 | 0.0024 | 0.305 | 159 | 521 |
| 비교강5 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.025 | 0.0025 | 0.304 | 133 | 438 |
| 비교강6 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.021 | 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.304 | 118 | 390 |
| X = C + Mn/20 + Si/30 + 2P + 4S Y = 48.8 + 49logC + 35.1Mn + 25.9Si + 14.5Ni + 9.6Cu + 76.5Cr + 105.9Mo + 1325Nb + 10000B ≤ 190 410 ≤ Y/X ≤ 620 |
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| 구분 | 강종 | 냉간 압하율 (%) |
냉연 강판 두께 (mm) |
Ac3 (℃) |
소둔 온도 (℃) |
1차 냉각 종료 온도 (T1) (℃) |
1차 평균 냉각 속도 (T2) (℃/s) |
2차 냉각 종료 온도 (℃) |
2차 평균 냉각 속도 (℃/s) |
T1-T2 (℃) |
| 발명예1 | 발명강1 | 50 | 1.6 | 821 | 859 | 715 | 3 | 120 | 60 | 595 |
| 발명예2 | 발명강2 | 50 | 1.6 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 117 | 58 | 603 |
| 발명예3 | 발명강3 | 50 | 1.6 | 827 | 867 | 721 | 3 | 132 | 60 | 589 |
| 발명예4 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 859 | 718 | 3 | 135 | 57 | 583 |
| 발명예5 | 발명강5 | 50 | 1.6 | 825 | 860 | 725 | 3 | 115 | 55 | 610 |
| 비교예1 | 비교강1 | 50 | 1.6 | 813 | 857 | 700 | 3 | 121 | 60 | 579 |
| 비교예2 | 비교강2 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 855 | 720 | 3 | 132 | 54 | 588 |
| 비교예3 | 비교강3 | 50 | 1.6 | 838 | 875 | 715 | 3 | 120 | 55 | 595 |
| 비교예4 | 비교강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 831 | 865 | 719 | 3 | 152 | 60 | 567 |
| 비교예5 | 비교강5 | 50 | 1.6 | 823 | 860 | 711 | 3 | 135 | 61 | 576 |
| 비교예6 | 비교강6 | 50 | 1.6 | 822 | 865 | 705 | 3 | 121 | 63 | 584 |
| 발명예6 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 855 | 695 | 3 | 117 | 65 | 578 |
| 발명예7 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 865 | 701 | 3 | 121 | 61 | 580 |
| 발명예8 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 861 | 725 | 3 | 125 | 60 | 600 |
| 비교예7 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 825 | 720 | 4 | 116 | 57 | 604 |
| 비교예8 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 861 | 660 | 3 | 125 | 60 | 535 |
| 비교예9 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 856 | 725 | 3 | 250 | 65 | 475 |
| 비교예10 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 867 | 715 | 3 | 116 | 60 | 599 |
| 비교예11 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 864 | 705 | 3 | 135 | 60 | 570 |
| 비교예12 | 발명강4 | 50 | 1.6 | 820 | 867 | 721 | 3 | 125 | 61 | 596 |
| 발명예9 | 발명강2 | 56 | 1.4 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 125 | 65 | 595 |
| 발명예10 | 발명강2 | 57 | 1.2 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 121 | 62 | 599 |
| 발명예11 | 발명강2 | 58 | 1.6 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 115 | 63 | 605 |
| 비교예13 | 발명강2 | 30 | 1.4 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 119 | 57 | 601 |
| 비교예14 | 발명강2 | 30 | 1.2 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 129 | 62 | 591 |
| 비교예15 | 발명강2 | 30 | 1.6 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 145 | 63 | 575 |
| 비교예16 | 발명강2 | 50 | 1.6 | 817 | 869 | 720 | 3 | 135 | 65 | 585 |
| Ac3(℃) = 910 - 203√C - 15.2Ni + 44.7Si + 104V + 31.5Mo + 13.1W | ||||||||||
| 구분 | 강종 | Ms (℃) |
F | Z | F×Z | 재가열/ 과시효 처리 온도(H) (℃) |
과시효 처리 시간 (분) |
H-T2 (℃) |
조질 압연 압하력 (ton) |
텐션 레벨링 연신율 (%) |
| 발명예1 | 발명강1 | 388 | 0.95 | 1095 | 1040 | 180 | 9 | 60 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 발명예2 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.95 | 1113 | 1057 | 190 | 9.5 | 73 | 600 | 0.3 |
| 발명예3 | 발명강3 | 389 | 0.94 | 1075 | 1011 | 195 | 9.5 | 63 | 600 | 0.25 |
| 발명예4 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.94 | 1138 | 1070 | 185 | 9.5 | 50 | 600 | 0.15 |
| 발명예5 | 발명강5 | 388 | 0.95 | 1096 | 1041 | 201 | 10 | 86 | 600 | 0.2 |
| 비교예1 | 비교강1 | 366 | 0.93 | 1273 | 1184 | 185 | 9.5 | 64 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예2 | 비교강2 | 354 | 0.91 | 1297 | 1180 | 174 | 9.5 | 42 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예3 | 비교강3 | 368 | 0.93 | 1232 | 1146 | 186 | 9.5 | 66 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예4 | 비교강4 | 407 | 0.94 | 938 | 882 | 195 | 10 | 43 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예5 | 비교강5 | 411 | 0.95 | 978 | 929 | 200 | 10 | 65 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예6 | 비교강6 | 407 | 0.96 | 975 | 936 | 201 | 9.5 | 80 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 발명예6 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.95 | 1138 | 1078 | 185 | 9.5 | 68 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 발명예7 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.94 | 1138 | 1075 | 180 | 10 | 59 | 600 | 0.25 |
| 발명예8 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.94 | 1138 | 1072 | 191 | 10 | 66 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예7 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.95 | 1138 | 1078 | 185 | 9.5 | 69 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예8 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.94 | 1138 | 1072 | 190 | 10 | 65 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예9 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.77 | 1138 | 877 | 260 | 10 | 10 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예10 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.95 | 1138 | 1078 | 280 | 10 | 164 | 600 | 0.35 |
| 비교예11 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.94 | 1138 | 1064 | 187 | 10 | 52 | 200 | 0.03 |
| 비교예12 | 발명강4 | 384 | 0.94 | 1138 | 1072 | 194 | 10 | 69 | 200 | 0.80 |
| 발명예9 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.94 | 1113 | 1051 | 178 | 9.5 | 53 | 700 | 0.25 |
| 발명예10 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.95 | 1113 | 1053 | 181 | 9.5 | 60 | 700 | 0.25 |
| 발명예11 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.95 | 1113 | 1057 | 185 | 9.5 | 70 | 700 | 0.25 |
| 비교예13 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.95 | 1113 | 1055 | 180 | 9.5 | 61 | 700 | 0.25 |
| 비교예14 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.94 | 1113 | 1048 | 187 | 9.5 | 58 | 700 | 0.25 |
| 비교예15 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.93 | 1113 | 1035 | 181 | 9.5 | 36 | 600 | 0.25 |
| 비교예16 | 발명강2 | 387 | 0.94 | 1113 | 1043 | 189 | 9.5 | 54 | 250 | 0.25 |
| Ms(℃) = 539 - 423C - 30.4Mn - 7.5Si + 30Al - 17.7Ni - 12.1Cr - 7.5Mo △T = Ms - 2차 냉각종료온도(T2) Z = 3500C + 150Mn + 50(Si+Cr+Mo) + 1000Nb |
||||||||||
| 구분 | 미세조직(면적%) | 탄화물 평균 크기 (nm) |
표면조도 (Rsk) |
|||
| 표층부 | 중심부 | |||||
| F 및 B 중 1종 이상 |
M 및 TM 중 1종 이상 |
F 및 B 중 1종 이상 |
M 및 TM 중 1종 이상 |
|||
| 발명예1 | 5.2 | 94.8 | 1 | 99 | 56 | -0.35 |
| 발명예2 | 47 | 95.3 | 1 | 99 | 50 | -0.31 |
| 발명예3 | 5 | 95 | 1 | 99 | 90 | -0.3 |
| 발명예4 | 3.9 | 96.1 | 1 | 99 | 68 | -0.31 |
| 발명예5 | 4.7 | 95.3 | 1 | 99 | 45 | -0.32 |
| 비교예1 | 3.5 | 96.5 | 1 | 99 | 50 | -0.4 |
| 비교예2 | 3.9 | 96.1 | 1 | 99 | 56 | -0.39 |
| 비교예3 | 9.6 | 90.4 | 3 | 97 | 95 | -0.31 |
| 비교예4 | 12.3 | 87.7 | 25 | 75 | 45 | -0.32 |
| 비교예5 | 14.5 | 85.5 | 30 | 70 | 98 | -0.3 |
| 비교예6 | 16.7 | 83.3 | 35 | 65 | 105 | -0.34 |
| 발명예6 | 4.5 | 95.5 | 1 | 99 | 75 | -0.38 |
| 발명예7 | 3.9 | 96.1 | 1 | 99 | 66 | -0.35 |
| 발명예8 | 5.3 | 94.7 | 1 | 99 | 87 | -0.41 |
| 비교예7 | 13.5 | 86.5 | 20 | 80 | 78 | -0.32 |
| 비교예8 | 16.8 | 83.2 | 1 | 99 | 56 | -0.38 |
| 비교예9 | 4.5 | 95.5 | 1 | 99 | 269 | -0.35 |
| 비교예10 | 4 | 96 | 1 | 99 | 360 | -0.85 |
| 비교예11 | 4.2 | 95.8 | 1 | 99 | 85 | -0.79 |
| 비교예12 | 3.9 | 96.1 | 1 | 99 | 55 | -0.41 |
| 발명예9 | 5.2 | 94.8 | 1 | 99 | 55 | -0.21 |
| 발명예10 | 4.7 | 95.3 | 1 | 99 | 61 | -0.25 |
| 발명예11 | 4.7 | 95.3 | 1 | 99 | 48 | -0.15 |
| 비교예13 | 3.5 | 96.5 | 1 | 99 | 62 | -0.75 |
| 비교예14 | 4.6 | 95.4 | 1 | 99 | 54 | -0.79 |
| 비교예15 | 3.9 | 96.1 | 1 | 99 | 55 | -0.81 |
| 비교예16 | 4.5 | 95.5 | 1 | 99 | 52 | -0.72 |
| F: 페라이트, B: 베이나이트, M: 마르텐사이트, TM: 템퍼드 마르텐사이트 | ||||||
| 구분 | 항복강도 (YS) (MPa) |
인장강도 (TS) (MPa) |
YR | 총 연신율 (%) |
굽힘 가공성 (R/t) |
구멍 확장성 (%) |
(TS×HER)/ (R/t) (MPa%) |
용접부 강도 (Hv) |
3√t에서의 크랙길이 (㎛) |
| 발명예1 | 1276 | 1556 | 0.82 | 7 | 3.44 | 50 | 22616 | 491 | 0 |
| 발명예2 | 1303 | 1575 | 0.83 | 7 | 3.44 | 52 | 23808 | 501 | 0 |
| 발명예3 | 1267 | 1548 | 0.82 | 7 | 3.44 | 49 | 22050 | 495 | 0 |
| 발명예4 | 1254 | 1549 | 0.81 | 7 | 3.44 | 59 | 26567 | 515 | 0 |
| 발명예5 | 1282 | 1553 | 0.83 | 7 | 3.44 | 55 | 24830 | 491 | 0 |
| 비교예1 | 1350 | 1660 | 0.81 | 3 | 4.38 | 35 | 13265 | 592 | 287 |
| 비교예2 | 1420 | 1690 | 0.84 | 3 | 4.38 | 45 | 17363 | 589 | 251 |
| 비교예3 | 1240 | 1520 | 0.82 | 6 | 3.75 | 50 | 20267 | 581 | 198 |
| 비교예4 | 1011 | 1370 | 0.74 | 11 | 4.06 | 28 | 12256 | 432 | 0 |
| 비교예5 | 1168 | 1430 | 0.82 | 10 | 4.06 | 29 | 12055 | 421 | 0 |
| 비교예6 | 910 | 1230 | 0.74 | 12 | 4.06 | 25 | 8939 | 420 | 0 |
| 발명예6 | 1321 | 1574 | 0.84 | 7 | 3.44 | 50 | 22878 | 490 | 0 |
| 발명예7 | 1297 | 1564 | 0.83 | 7 | 3.44 | 52 | 23642 | 492 | 0 |
| 발명예8 | 1301 | 1579 | 0.82 | 7 | 3.44 | 49 | 22492 | 95 | 0 |
| 비교예7 | 1054 | 1452 | 0.73 | 10 | 4.38 | 32 | 10608 | 491 | 0 |
| 비교예8 | 1231 | 1536 | 0.80 | 7 | 4.69 | 28 | 9170 | 498 | 0 |
| 비교예9 | 1020 | 1465 | 0.70 | 9 | 4.69 | 31 | 9683 | 492 | 0 |
| 비교예10 | 1298 | 1479 | 0.88 | 8 | 4.69 | 42 | 13245 | 490 | 0 |
| 비교예11 | 1130 | 1542 | 0.73 | 7 | 4.06 | 45 | 20172 | 501 | 0 |
| 비교예12 | 1485 | 1534 | 0.97 | 3 | 4.69 | 43 | 14064 | 495 | 0 |
| 발명예9 | 1285 | 1556 | 0.83 | 7 | 3.21 | 52 | 25206 | 492 | 0 |
| 발명예10 | 1301 | 1575 | 0.83 | 7 | 3.33 | 49 | 23176 | 490 | 0 |
| 발명예11 | 1282 | 1553 | 0.83 | 7 | 3.22 | 53 | 25562 | 495 | 0 |
| 비교예13 | 1295 | 1565 | 0.83 | 7 | 4.29 | 41 | 14957 | 492 | 0 |
| 비교예14 | 1311 | 1566 | 0.84 | 7 | 4.22 | 39 | 14473 | 489 | 0 |
| 비교예15 | 1265 | 1534 | 0.82 | 8 | 4.06 | 39 | 14735 | 492 | 0 |
| 비교예16 | 1297 | 1564 | 0.83 | 7 | 4.06 | 45 | 17335 | 495 | 0 |
Claims (16)
- 중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.19~0.26%, 실리콘(Si): 0.03~0.50%, 망간(Mn): 1.4~2.0%, 크롬(Cr): 0.03~0.30%, 몰리브덴(Mo): 0.03~0.30%, 보론(B): 0.0005~0.005%, 인(P): 0.03%이하(0%는 제외), 황(S): 0.003% 이하(0%는 제외), 질소(N): 0.01% 이하(0%는 제외), 알루미늄(Al): 0.01~0.10%, 니오븀(Nb): 0.01~0.05%, 티타늄(Ti): 0.005~0.05%, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고,하기 관계식 1 내지 3을 만족하며,중심부; 및상기 중심부의 두께 방향 기준 외측에 형성되는 표층부;를 포함하며,상기 중심부의 미세조직은 면적%로, 페라이트 및 베이나이트 중 1종 이상의 합계: 5% 이하(0%를 포함), 잔부 마르텐사이트 및 템퍼드 마르텐사이트 중 1종 이상을 포함하고,상기 표층부의 미세조직은 면적%로, 페라이트 및 베이나이트 중 1종 이상의 합계: 11% 이하(0%는 제외), 잔부 마르텐사이트 및 템퍼드 마르텐사이트 중 1종 이상을 포함하며,탄화물의 평균 크기가 260nm 이하인 냉연강판.[관계식 1] 0.31 ≤ X = C + Mn/20 + Si/30 + 2P + 4S ≤ 0.40[관계식 2] 125 ≤ Y = 48.8 + 49logC + 35.1Mn + 25.9Si + 14.5Ni + 9.6Cu + 76.5Cr + 105.9Mo + 1325Nb + 10000B ≤ 190[관계식 3] 410 ≤ Y/X ≤ 620(단, 상기 관계식 1 내지 3에서 각 합금원소의 함량은 중량%임.)
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 표면조도(Rsk)가 -0.7~-0.1인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 항복강도가 1150~1400MPa인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 인장강도가 1470~1650MPa인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 항복비가 0.75~0.96인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 연신율이 4~11%인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 굽힘가공성(R/t)이 2~4인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 구멍확장성이 35~70%인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 (인장강도×구멍확장성)/(굽힘가공성(R/t))이 15000~35000MPa%인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 저항 점 용접후, 점 용접부 경도가 440~570Hv인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 저항 점 용접후, 점 용접부의 최소너깃직경(3√t, t: 강재의 두께)에서의 크랙 길이가 10㎛ 이하(0㎛를 포함)인 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 냉연강판은 적어도 일면에 전기아연도금층이 형성된 냉연강판.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 표층부는 강재의 표면으로부터 두께 방향으로 20㎛까지의 영역인 냉연강판.
- 중량%로, 탄소(C): 0.19~0.26%, 실리콘(Si): 0.03~0.50%, 망간(Mn): 1.4~2.0%, 크롬(Cr): 0.03~0.30%, 몰리브덴(Mo): 0.03~0.30%, 보론(B): 0.0005~0.005%, 인(P): 0.03%이하(0%는 제외), 황(S): 0.003% 이하(0%는 제외), 질소(N): 0.01% 이하(0%는 제외), 알루미늄(Al): 0.01~0.10%, 니오븀(Nb): 0.01~0.05%, 티타늄(Ti): 0.005~0.05%, 잔부 Fe 및 기타 불가피한 불순물을 포함하고, 하기 관계식 1 내지 3을 만족하는 슬라브를 1100~1300℃에서 가열하는 단계;상기 가열된 슬라브를 Ar3~Ar3+120℃에서 마무리 열간압연하여 열연강판을 얻는 단계;상기 열연강판을 Ms~600℃에서 권취하는 단계;상기 권취된 열연강판을 35~70%의 냉간압하율로 냉간압연하여 냉연강판을 얻는 단계;상기 냉연강판을 Ac3+20℃~Ac3+80℃에서 연속소둔하는 단계;상기 연속소둔된 냉연강판을 670~750℃의 1차 냉각종료온도(T1)까지 1~6℃/s의 평균 냉각속도로 1차 냉각하는 단계;상기 1차 냉각된 냉연강판을 50~200℃의 2차 냉각종료온도(T2)까지 40~110℃/s의 평균 냉각속도로 2차 냉각하는 단계;상기 2차 냉각된 냉연강판을 100~250℃의 과시효처리온도(H)까지 재가열한 후, 5~12분 동안 과시효처리하는 단계; 및상기 상기 과시효처리된 냉연강판을 500~1000ton의 압하력으로 조질압연하는 단계; 및상기 조질압연된 냉연강판을 0.05~0.65%의 연신율로 텐션 레벨링하는 단계;를 포함하고,상기 2차 냉각시, 하기 관계식 4 및 5를 만족하며,상기 1차 냉각종료온도(T1)-2차 냉각종료온도(T2)가 650℃ 이하가 되도록 제어하고,상기 과시효처리온도(H)-2차 냉각종료온도(T2)가 30℃ 이상이 되도록 제어하는 냉연강판의 제조방법.[관계식 1] 0.31 ≤ X = C + Mn/20 + Si/30 + 2P + 4S ≤ 0.40[관계식 2] 125 ≤ Y = 48.8 + 49logC + 35.1Mn + 25.9Si + 14.5Ni + 9.6Cu + 76.5Cr + 105.9Mo + 1325Nb + 10000B ≤ 190[관계식 3] 410 ≤ Y/X ≤ 620[관계식 4] F = 1 - exp{-(1.10×10-2×△T)} ≥ 0.9[관계식 5] 940 ≤ F×Z ≤ 1200(단, 상기 관계식 1 내지 3에서 각 합금원소의 함량은 중량%이고, △T는 Ms - 2차 냉각종료온도(T2)이며, Z는 3500C + 150Mn + 50(Si+Cr+Mo) + 1000Nb임.)
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 연속소둔은 30~230초 동안 행하여지는 냉연강판의 제조방법.
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 텐션 레벨링 후, 상기 냉연강판의 적어도 일면에 전기아연도금층을 형성시키는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 냉연강판의 제조방법.
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| KR102461164B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-11-02 | 주식회사 포스코 | 항복강도 및 굽힘특성이 우수한 초고강도 냉연강판 및 그 제조방법 |
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| EP4640899A1 (en) | 2025-10-29 |
| MX2025007154A (es) | 2025-07-01 |
| CN120390821A (zh) | 2025-07-29 |
| EP4640899A4 (en) | 2026-04-22 |
| JP2025541884A (ja) | 2025-12-23 |
| KR20240098202A (ko) | 2024-06-28 |
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