WO2024136394A1 - 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136394A1 WO2024136394A1 PCT/KR2023/020954 KR2023020954W WO2024136394A1 WO 2024136394 A1 WO2024136394 A1 WO 2024136394A1 KR 2023020954 W KR2023020954 W KR 2023020954W WO 2024136394 A1 WO2024136394 A1 WO 2024136394A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3021—Milling, crushing or grinding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/245—Differential crosslinking of one polymer with one crosslinking type, e.g. surface crosslinking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing superabsorbent polymer. More specifically, it relates to a method of manufacturing a superabsorbent polymer that controls the occurrence of warping of the dried body with excellent drying efficiency by controlling the drying process conditions.
- Super Absorbent Polymer is a synthetic polymer material that has the ability to absorb moisture 500 to 1,000 times its own weight. Each developer produces SAM (Super Absorbency Material) and AGM (Absorbent Gel). They are named with different names, such as Material).
- SAM Super Absorbency Material
- AGM Absorbent Gel
- the above-mentioned superabsorbent resins began to be commercialized as sanitary products, and are currently widely used as materials such as soil water retention agents for horticulture, water retention materials for civil engineering and construction, sheets for seedlings, and freshness maintainers and fomentations in the food distribution field. .
- such a superabsorbent polymer is generally manufactured through the steps of polymerizing monomers to produce a water-containing gel polymer containing a large amount of moisture, drying the water-containing gel polymer, and pulverizing it into resin particles having a desired particle size.
- a large amount of fine powder is generated, which has the problem of deteriorating the physical properties of the final manufactured superabsorbent polymer.
- the water-containing gel polymers polymerized during the manufacturing process of the superabsorbent polymer have the property of coagulating with each other, and when manufactured as cohesive fine particles, the cohesive force increases, causing a problem of poor drying in the subsequent drying process.
- this drying process is typically manufactured by applying hot air in a belt dryer equipped with a perforated plate. As the cohesion of the water-containing gel polymer increases, the porosity within the drying layer is significantly reduced, and the hot air differential pressure increases accordingly, forming a drying area outside the hay layer. There was a problem that bending occurred and it was difficult to dry a large amount.
- the present invention seeks to provide a method for manufacturing a superabsorbent polymer that minimizes the occurrence of warping of the dried body with excellent drying efficiency by controlling the drying process conditions.
- step One Performing polymerization on a monomer composition comprising a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal cross-linking agent, and a polymerization initiator to form a polymer in which the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group and an internal cross-linking agent are cross-linked and polymerized (step One);
- step 3 atomizing the polymer in the presence of a surfactant
- step 4 drying the neutralized and micronized polymer in a stationary dryer to obtain a laminate of dry superabsorbent resin particles
- step 5 Comprising a step (step 5) of producing superabsorbent polymer particles by grinding the laminate of the dried superabsorbent polymer particles,
- Step 4 includes the steps of first drying the neutralized and micronized polymer by applying down-flow and secondary drying by applying up-flow,
- the performance time of the first drying step is 40 to 60% of the total performance time of step 4,
- a method for manufacturing a superabsorbent polymer is provided.
- the absorption rate is significantly improved by realizing particles in the shape of agglomerated fine particles and increasing the surface area, and it is possible to manufacture a superabsorbent polymer that can exhibit excellent absorption properties.
- Figure 1 is a flow chart of a conventional method for manufacturing a superabsorbent polymer.
- Figure 2 is a photograph showing a cross section of the dried product obtained in the drying process in the superabsorbent polymer manufacturing method of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Figure 3 is a drying curve graph showing moisture content according to drying time in the drying process among the methods for producing superabsorbent polymers of Examples and Comparative Examples.
- polymer or “polymer” used in this specification refers to a state in which water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers are polymerized, and may encompass all moisture content ranges or particle size ranges.
- the term "superabsorbent polymer”, depending on the context, refers to a crosslinked polymer, or a base resin in powder form in which the crosslinked polymer is made of pulverized superabsorbent resin particles, or to the crosslinked polymer or the base resin. It is used to encompass everything that has been made suitable for commercialization through additional processes, such as drying, grinding, classification, and surface cross-linking.
- fine powder refers to particles having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m among superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the particle size of these resin particles can be measured according to the European Disposables and Nonwovens Association (EDANA) standard EDANA WSP 220.3 method.
- EDANA European Disposables and Nonwovens Association
- chopping refers to cutting a water-containing gel polymer into small pieces of the millimeter scale in order to increase drying efficiency, and is used separately from pulverizing to the micrometer or normal particle level.
- micronizing refers to pulverizing a water-containing gel polymer into a particle size of tens to hundreds of micrometers, and is used separately from “chopping.”
- step One Performing polymerization on a monomer composition comprising a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal cross-linking agent, and a polymerization initiator to form a polymer in which the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group and an internal cross-linking agent are cross-linked and polymerized (step One);
- step 3 atomizing the polymer in the presence of a surfactant
- step 4 drying the neutralized and micronized polymer in a stationary dryer to obtain a laminate of dry superabsorbent resin particles
- step 5 Comprising a step (step 5) of producing superabsorbent polymer particles by grinding the laminate of the dried superabsorbent polymer particles,
- Step 4 includes the steps of first drying the neutralized and micronized polymer by applying down-flow and secondary drying by applying up-flow,
- the performance time of the first drying step is 40 to 60% of the total performance time of step 4,
- a method for producing a superabsorbent polymer is provided.
- the water-containing gel polymer obtained through the polymerization reaction of acrylic acid-based monomer undergoes processes such as drying, grinding, classification, and surface cross-linking, and is sold as a powder-like superabsorbent resin.
- the dried superabsorbent polymer is obtained in the form of a laminate, and shrinkage of the water-containing gel polymer occurs during the drying process.
- shrinkage of the water-containing gel polymer occurs during the drying process.
- there was a difference in the degree of shrinkage in the width direction of the dried body depending on the drying conditions and as a result, there was a problem of warping occurring on the outer part of the dried body.
- This bending of the outer part of the building causes an imbalance in the differential pressure of the hot air and significantly reduces drying efficiency, causing problems such as longer drying time or insufficient drying of the inside of the building.
- the present inventors were able to implement excellent drying efficiency by initially introducing downward wind as described above in the drying process conditions and performing this to satisfy a certain ratio compared to the total drying time. was confirmed and the present invention was completed.
- the present inventors performed a process of atomizing the water-containing gel polymer in the presence of a surfactant before the drying process, and controlled the direction of hot air during the drying process to effectively suppress the occurrence of warping of the dried laminate and provide superior performance even when the drying amount increased.
- the present invention was completed after discovering that drying efficiency could be achieved.
- the most common method to increase the absorption rate is to expand the surface area of the superabsorbent polymer by forming a porous structure inside the superabsorbent polymer.
- a foaming agent is included in the monomer composition.
- crosslinking polymerization progresses, a method of forming a porous structure within the base resin powder is generally adopted.
- the use of a foaming agent has the disadvantage of lowering the overall physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer, such as surface tension, liquid permeability, or bulk density, and increasing the amount of fine powder generated. Accordingly, the superabsorbent polymer can be produced without the use of a foaming agent. The development of technology that can improve the absorption rate is continuously requested.
- the conventional superabsorbent resin forms a water-soluble gel polymer by cross-linking and polymerizing water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least a partially neutralized acidic group in the presence of an internal cross-linking agent and a polymerization initiator, drying the water-soluble gel polymer thus formed, and then adjusting the water-soluble gel polymer to the desired particle size. It is manufactured by grinding until the water-containing gel polymer is easily dried. In order to facilitate drying of the water-containing gel polymer and increase the efficiency of the grinding process, a chopping process is performed to cut the water-containing gel polymer into particles of several millimeters in size before the drying process. .
- the water-containing gel polymer cannot be pulverized to the micro-sized particle level and takes the form of an agglomerated gel.
- this agglomerated hydrogel polymer in the form of a gel is dried, a plate-shaped dried body is formed.
- a grinding process In order to grind this to the micro-sized particle level, a grinding process must be performed to lower the adhesiveness of the multi-stage polymer, so many fine particles are produced in this process. There has been a problem with this occurring.
- Figure 1 shows a flow chart of a conventional method for manufacturing a superabsorbent polymer.
- conventional superabsorbent polymers have been manufactured including the following steps.
- the chopped hydrogel polymer has an aggregated gel form of about 1 cm to 10 cm in size, and the chopped hydrogel polymer is laminated on a belt with a perforated bottom and supplied from the bottom or top. It is dried by hot air. Since the polymer dried by the above drying method has a plate shape rather than a particle shape, the step of classifying after grinding is performed so that the produced particles are normal particles, that is, particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m. Then, it has been carried out again in the step of fine pulverization and classification.
- the separated fine powder is mixed with an appropriate amount of water to make fine powder. After assembly, it was reused by adding it to the chopping stage or the pre-drying stage.
- the present inventors recognized that the amount of fine powder generated in the conventional manufacturing method has a large influence on the grinding process, and added a surfactant and a neutralizing agent in the polymer grinding process to post-neutralize the polymer and grind it finer than before, i.e.
- the chopped particles are formed at the level of several mm or several cm compared to the polymer before chopping, so the surface area can be increased to some extent, but it is difficult to expect an effect that can effectively improve the absorption rate. Therefore, in order to improve the absorption rate, a method of increasing the surface area by kneading by increasing the mechanical force in the chopping step can be considered. However, in this case, excessive agglomeration occurs due to the unique stickiness of the polymer, and only the particle surface after chopping, drying, and grinding Bumpy amorphous single particles are formed, and excessive kneading or crushing may actually increase the water-soluble components.
- polymerization was not performed with the acidic group of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer neutralized as in the conventional method of producing superabsorbent polymers, but polymerization was first performed without the acidic group being neutralized to produce the polymer. forming a water-containing gel polymer in the presence of a surfactant and then neutralizing the acidic groups of the polymer, or forming a water-containing gel polymer in the presence of a surfactant and neutralizing the acidic groups of the polymer.
- the amount of fine powder generated during the process can be significantly reduced.
- the hydrophobic functional group contained in the surfactant imparts hydrophobicity to the surface of the pulverized superabsorbent polymer particles, thereby alleviating the friction between particles and increasing the apparent density of the superabsorbent polymer.
- the hydrophilic functional group contained in the surfactant can also be bound to the superabsorbent resin particles to prevent the surface tension of the resin from decreasing. Accordingly, the superabsorbent polymer manufactured according to the above-described manufacturing method may have a higher apparent density value while exhibiting an equivalent level of surface tension compared to a resin that does not use a surfactant.
- the water-soluble component has the property of being easily eluted when the superabsorbent polymer comes in contact with liquid. Therefore, when the content of the water-soluble component is high, most of the eluted water-soluble component remains on the surface of the superabsorbent polymer and makes the superabsorbent polymer sticky. This causes the liquid permeability to decrease. Therefore, in terms of liquid permeability, it is important to keep the content of water-soluble components low.
- the content of water-soluble components is lowered, and thus the liquid permeability of the superabsorbent polymer can be improved.
- the superabsorbent polymer manufactured according to one embodiment of the present invention may have a uniform particle size distribution, and thus has excellent absorption properties such as water retention capacity and absorbency under pressure, rewet characteristics, and absorption speed.
- a superabsorbent polymer can be provided.
- Step 1 Polymerization Step
- polymerization is performed on a monomer composition containing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal cross-linking agent, and a polymerization initiator to form a polymer in which the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group and an internal cross-linking agent are cross-polymerized.
- the step may include preparing a monomer composition by mixing the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal crosslinking agent, and a polymerization initiator, and polymerizing the monomer composition to form a polymer.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be any monomer commonly used in the production of superabsorbent resin.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be a compound represented by the following formula (1):
- R is an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms containing an unsaturated bond
- M' is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent or divalent metal, an ammonium group, or an organic amine salt.
- the monomer may be (meth)acrylic acid, and at least one selected from the group consisting of monovalent (alkali) metal salts, divalent metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts of these acids.
- the monomers include maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, 2-acryloylethane sulfonic acid, 2-methacryloylethane sulfonic acid, 2-(meth)acryloylpropane sulfonic acid, or 2-(meth) ) Acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid, (meth)acrylamide, N-substituted (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene Glycol (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, (N,N)-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate,
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer has an acidic group.
- monomers in which at least some of the acidic groups have been neutralized by a neutralizing agent are cross-polymerized to form a water-containing gel polymer.
- at least a portion of the acidic groups of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer were neutralized.
- polymerization is first performed in a state in which the acidic group of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is not neutralized to form a polymer.
- a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer (e.g., acrylic acid) in which the acidic group is not neutralized is in a liquid state at room temperature and has high miscibility with the solvent (water), so it exists in the state of a mixed solution in the monomer composition.
- water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers with neutralized acidic groups are solid at room temperature and have different solubilities depending on the temperature of the solvent (water), and the lower the temperature, the lower the solubility.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in which the acidic group is not neutralized has a higher solubility or miscibility in the solvent (water) than the monomer in which the acidic group has been neutralized, so it does not precipitate even at low temperatures, and is therefore advantageous for polymerization at low temperature for a long time.
- a polymer with a higher molecular weight and a uniform molecular weight distribution can be stably formed.
- polymerization is first performed in a state in which the acidic groups of the monomer are not neutralized to form a polymer, and then neutralized and then atomized in the presence of a surfactant, or atomized in the presence of a surfactant and then neutralized, or the polymer is atomized simultaneously with atomization.
- the acidic groups present are neutralized, the surfactant is present in large amounts on the surface of the polymer and can sufficiently play the role of lowering the adhesiveness of the polymer.
- the concentration of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the monomer composition may be appropriately adjusted considering polymerization time and reaction conditions, and may be about 20 to about 60% by weight, or about 20 to about 40% by weight.
- internal crosslinking agent' used in this specification is a term used to distinguish it from a surface crosslinking agent for crosslinking the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles described later, and is a term used to introduce crosslinking between the unsaturated bonds of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers described above. Thus, it serves to form a polymer containing a cross-linked structure.
- the crosslinking in the above step is carried out without distinction between the surface or the interior, but when the surface crosslinking process of the superabsorbent polymer particles described later is carried out, the surface of the finally manufactured superabsorbent polymer particles may include a newly crosslinked structure by a surface crosslinking agent.
- the structure crosslinked by the internal crosslinking agent can be maintained on the inside of the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the internal crosslinking agent may include any one or more of a multifunctional acrylate-based compound, a multifunctional allyl-based compound, or a multifunctional vinyl-based compound.
- Non-limiting examples of multifunctional acrylate-based compounds include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, and tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate.
- Non-limiting examples of multifunctional allyl compounds include ethylene glycol diallyl ether, diethylene glycol diallyl ether, triethylene glycol diallyl ether, tetraethylene glycol diallyl ether, polyethylene glycol diallyl ether, propylene glycol diallyl ether, Tripropylene glycol diallyl ether, polypropylene glycol diallyl ether, butanediol diallyl ether, butylene glycol diallyl ether, hexanediol diallyl ether, pentaerythritol diallyl ether, pentaerythritol triallyl ether, pentaerythritol tetra.
- Non-limiting examples of multifunctional vinyl compounds include ethylene glycol divinyl ether, diethylene glycol divinyl ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, tetraethylene glycol divinyl ether, polyethylene glycol divinyl ether, propylene glycol divinyl ether, Tripropylene glycol divinyl ether, polypropylene glycol divinyl ether, butanediol divinyl ether, butylene glycol divinyl ether, hexanediol divinyl ether, pentaerythritol divinyl ether, pentaerythritol trivinyl ether, pentaerythritol tetra.
- Vinyl ether, dipentaerythritol divinyl ether, dipentaerythritol trivinyl ether, dipentaerythritol tetravinyl ether, dipentaerythritol pentavinyl ether, trimethylolpropane divinyl ether, trimethylolpropane trivinyl ether, glycerin Divinyl ether, glycerin trivinyl ether, etc. can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- pentaerythritol triallyl ether can be used.
- the gel strength of the produced superabsorbent polymer can be increased, process stability can be increased during the discharge process after polymerization, and the amount of water-soluble content can be minimized.
- Crosslinking polymerization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of such an internal crosslinking agent may be performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator, if necessary, a thickener, a plasticizer, a storage stabilizer, an antioxidant, etc.
- this internal crosslinking agent may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- the internal crosslinking agent is 0.01 parts by weight or more, or 0.05 parts by weight, or 0.1 parts by weight, or 5 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight or less, or 2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. It may be used in an amount of 1 part by weight or less, or 0.7 part by weight or less. If the content of the upper internal cross-linking agent is too low, cross-linking may not occur sufficiently, making it difficult to achieve an appropriate level of strength. If the content of the internal cross-linking agent is too high, the internal cross-linking density may increase, making it difficult to achieve the desired water retention capacity.
- the polymer formed using such an internal cross-linking agent has a three-dimensional network structure in which main chains formed by polymerizing the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers are cross-linked by the internal cross-linking agent.
- the water retention capacity and absorbency under pressure which are all physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer, can be significantly improved compared to the case where the polymer has a two-dimensional linear structure that is not additionally crosslinked by an internal crosslinking agent.
- the step of polymerizing the monomer composition to form a polymer may be performed in a batch type reactor.
- thermal polymerization can be performed in a reactor with a stirring axis such as a kneader, and light polymerization is performed. In this case, it can be carried out in a reactor equipped with a movable conveyor belt, or in a container with a flat bottom.
- a polymer having a wide molecular weight distribution is formed without a large molecular weight due to a generally short polymerization reaction time (for example, 1 hour or less).
- the form of the hydrogel polymer usually obtained is a hydrogel-like polymer on a sheet with the width of a belt, and the thickness of the polymer sheet is determined by injection. It varies depending on the concentration and injection speed or injection amount of the monomer composition, but is usually obtained with a thickness of about 0.5 to about 5 cm.
- the monomer composition is supplied so that the thickness of the polymer on the sheet is too thin, it is not desirable because production efficiency is low, and if the thickness of the polymer on the sheet is thickened for productivity, the polymerization reaction does not occur evenly over the entire thickness, resulting in high quality. Polymer formation becomes difficult.
- polymerization in a reactor equipped with a conveyor belt and a reactor stirring shaft is performed continuously by supplying a new monomer composition to the reactor as the polymerization product moves, so polymers with different polymerization rates are mixed, and thus the monomer composition It is difficult to achieve uniform polymerization throughout, which may lead to overall deterioration of physical properties.
- the polymerization step is performed in a batch reactor having a predetermined volume, and the polymerization reaction is performed for a longer time, for example, 3 hours or more, than when polymerization is performed continuously in a reactor equipped with a conveyor belt.
- the polymerization reaction time as described above, since the polymerization is performed on water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an unneutralized state, the monomers do not precipitate well even if the polymerization is performed for a long time, so it is advantageous for long-term polymerization.
- the polymerization initiator uses a thermal polymerization initiator.
- the thermal polymerization initiator may be one or more selected from the group of initiators consisting of persulfate-based initiator, azo-based initiator, hydrogen peroxide, and ascorbic acid.
- persulfate-based initiators include sodium persulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 8 ), potassium persulfate (K 2 S 2 O 8 ), and ammonium persulfate (NH 4 ).
- azo-based initiators examples include 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2 ,2-azobis-(N,N-dimethylene)isobutyramidine dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis-(N,N-dimethylene)isobutyramidine dihydrochloride), 2-(carbamoylazo)isobutyronitrile (2-(carbamoylazo)isobutylonitril), 2,2-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2- yl)propane] dihydrochloride), 4,4-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid), etc.
- thermal polymerization initiators are well described in Odian's book 'Principle of Polymerization (Wiley, 1981)', p203, and are not limited to the above-mentione
- This polymerization initiator may be used in an amount of 2 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. That is, if the concentration of the polymerization initiator is too low, the polymerization rate may be slow and a large amount of residual monomer may be extracted into the final product, which is not desirable. Conversely, if the concentration of the polymerization initiator is higher than the above range, the polymer chains forming the network become shorter, which is not preferable because the physical properties of the resin may decrease, such as increasing the content of water-soluble components and lowering the absorbency under pressure.
- polymerization can be initiated by adding the initiator and a reducing agent forming a redox couple.
- the initiator and reducing agent when added to the polymer solution, they react with each other to form radicals.
- the formed radical reacts with the monomer, and the oxidation-reduction reaction between the initiator and the reducing agent is very reactive, so polymerization is initiated even when only a trace amount of the initiator and reducing agent is added, so low-temperature polymerization is possible without the need to increase the process temperature. , changes in the physical properties of the polymer solution can be minimized.
- the polymerization reaction using the oxidation-reduction reaction can occur smoothly even at a temperature near or below room temperature (25°C).
- the polymerization reaction may be performed at a temperature of 5°C or higher and 25°C or lower, or 5°C or higher and 20°C or lower.
- the reducing agent is sodium metabisulfite (Na 2 S 2 O 5 ); tetramethyl ethylenediamine (TMEDA); A mixture of iron(II) sulfate and EDTA (FeSO 4 /EDTA); Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate; and disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacetate (Disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacteate) may be used.
- potassium persulfate is used as an initiator and disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacetate is used as a reducing agent;
- Ammonium persulfate is used as an initiator and tetramethylethylenediamine is used as a reducing agent;
- Sodium persulfate can be used as an initiator, and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate can be used as a reducing agent.
- the reducing agent is ascorbic acid; Sucrose; Sodium sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 ) Sodium metabisulfite (Na 2 S 2 O 5 ); tetramethyl ethylenediamine (TMEDA); A mixture of iron(II) sulfate and EDTA (FeSO 4 /EDTA); Sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate; Disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacteate; and disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfoacteate.
- the monomer composition may further include additives such as thickeners, plasticizers, storage stabilizers, antioxidants, and surfactants, if necessary.
- additives such as thickeners, plasticizers, storage stabilizers, antioxidants, and surfactants, if necessary.
- each additive may be a component commonly used in the art without particular limitation as long as it does not deteriorate the effect of the invention, and the surfactant used in step 3 described later as the surfactant (represented by Formula 2) compounds or salts thereof) may also be used.
- the monomer composition containing the monomer may be in a solution state dissolved in a solvent such as water, and the solid content, that is, the concentration of the monomer, internal crosslinking agent, and polymerization initiator, in the monomer composition in the solution state is determined by polymerization. It can be appropriately adjusted considering time and reaction conditions.
- the solid content in the monomer composition may be 10 to 80% by weight, or 15 to 60% by weight, or 30 to 50% by weight.
- the solvent that can be used at this time can be used without limitation as long as it can dissolve the above-mentioned components, for example, water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, propylene glycol. , ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl amyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether. , toluene, xylene, butyrolactone, carbitol, methyl cellosolve acetate, and N,N-dimethylacetamide can be used in combination.
- the polymer obtained in this way is polymerized using unneutralized ethylenically unsaturated monomers, it is possible to form a polymer with a high molecular weight and a uniform molecular weight distribution, as described above, and the content of water-soluble components can be reduced. there is.
- the polymer obtained by this method is in the state of a water-containing gel polymer and may have a moisture content of 30 to 80% by weight.
- the water content of the polymer may be 30% by weight or more, or 45% by weight or more, or 50% by weight or more, and 80% by weight or less, or 70% by weight or less.
- the water content of the polymer is too low, it may be difficult to secure an appropriate surface area in the subsequent grinding step, so it may not be pulverized effectively. If the water content of the polymer is too high, the pressure received in the subsequent grinding step increases, making it difficult to grind to the desired particle size. .
- moisture content refers to the content of moisture relative to the total weight of the polymer, which is calculated by subtracting the weight of the polymer in a dry state from the weight of the polymer. Specifically, it is defined as a value calculated by measuring the weight loss due to moisture evaporation from the polymer during the drying process by raising the temperature of the crumbled polymer through infrared heating. At this time, the drying conditions were to increase the temperature from room temperature to about 180°C and then maintain it at 180°C. The total drying time was set to 40 minutes, including 5 minutes for the temperature increase step, and the moisture content was measured.
- Step 2 Neutralization Step and Step 3: Atomization Step
- step 2 a step of neutralizing at least some of the acidic groups of the polymer (step 2) is performed.
- a basic substance such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, etc. that can neutralize acidic groups may be used as the neutralizing agent.
- the degree of neutralization which refers to the degree to which acidic groups contained in the polymer are neutralized by the neutralizing agent, is 50 to 90 mol%, or 60 to 85 mol%, or 65 to 85 mol%, or 65 to 75 mol%. It can be.
- the range of the degree of neutralization may vary depending on the final physical properties, but if the degree of neutralization is too high, the absorption capacity of the superabsorbent polymer may decrease, and the concentration of carboxyl groups on the particle surface is too low, making it difficult to properly perform surface cross-linking in the subsequent process. Absorbent properties or liquid permeability under pressure may be reduced. On the other hand, if the degree of neutralization is too low, not only will the absorption power of the polymer be greatly reduced, but it may also exhibit elastic rubber-like properties that are difficult to handle.
- step 3 a step of atomizing the polymer is carried out in the presence of a surfactant (step 3).
- This step is a step of micronizing the polymer in the presence of a surfactant, and is a step in which chopping and aggregation of the polymer into tens to hundreds of micrometers are performed simultaneously, rather than chopping the polymer into millimeter sizes.
- it is a step of manufacturing secondary aggregated particles in the shape of agglomerated primary particles chopped into tens to hundreds of micrometers by imparting appropriate adhesiveness to the polymer.
- the hydrous superabsorbent polymer particles, which are secondary aggregated particles prepared in this step have a normal particle size distribution and a greatly increased surface area, so the absorption rate can be significantly improved.
- hydrostatic superabsorbent polymer particles are particles with a moisture content (moisture content) of about 30% by weight or more. Since the polymer is chopped and aggregated into particles without a drying process, it has a moisture content of 30 to 80% by weight like the above polymer. You can have it.
- the surfactant may be a compound represented by the following formula (2) or a salt thereof, but the present invention is not limited thereto:
- a 1 , A 2 and A 3 are each independently a single bond, carbonyl, , or and, provided that at least one of these is carbonyl or , where m1, m2 and m3 are each independently integers from 1 to 8, is each connected to an adjacent oxygen atom, is connected to adjacent R 1 , R 2 and R 3 , respectively,
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, straight-chain or branched alkyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkenyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms,
- n is an integer from 1 to 9.
- the surfactant is mixed with the polymer and added so that the atomization step can be easily performed without agglomeration phenomenon.
- the surfactant represented by Formula 2 is a nonionic surfactant and has excellent surface adsorption performance due to hydrogen bonding even with unneutralized polymers, and is therefore suitable for realizing the desired aggregation control effect.
- anionic surfactants rather than nonionic surfactants, when mixed with a polymer neutralized with a neutralizing agent such as NaOH or Na 2 SO 4 , it is adsorbed through the Na + ion ionized in the carboxyl group substituent of the polymer.
- a neutralizing agent such as NaOH or Na 2 SO 4
- the hydrophobic functional group is the terminal functional group R 1 , R 2 , R 3 portion (if not hydrogen), and the hydrophilic functional group is the glycerol-derived portion in the chain and the terminal hydroxyl group (A n is a single bond, and at the same time
- the glycerol-derived portion and the terminal hydroxyl group are hydrophilic functional groups that serve to improve adsorption performance on the polymer surface. Accordingly, aggregation of superabsorbent polymer particles can be effectively suppressed.
- the hydrophobic functional groups R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 moieties are each independently a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a straight-chain or branched chain alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. It is alkenyl.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 portions are alkyl or alkenyl with less than 6 carbon atoms
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 portion (if not hydrogen) is alkyl or alkenyl with more than 18 carbon atoms
- the mobility of the surfactant is reduced and may not be effectively mixed with the polymer, and the cost of the surfactant increases.
- the unit cost of the composition increases.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are hydrogen, or in the case of straight or branched alkyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, 2-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, 2-methylheptyl, n-octyl, n -nonyl, n-decanyl, n-undecanyl, n-dodecanyl, n-tridecanyl, n-tetradecanyl, n-pentadecanyl, n-hexadecanyl, n-heptadecanyl, or n -It may be octadecanyl, or in the case of straight-chain or branched alkenyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, 2-hexenyl, 2-heptenyl, 2-octenyl, 2-nonenyl, n-dekenyl, 2- It may be undekenyl, 2-dodekenyl,
- the surfactant may be selected from compounds represented by the following formulas 2-1 to 2-14:
- the surfactant may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer. If too little of the surfactant is used, it may not be evenly adsorbed on the polymer surface, which may cause re-agglomeration of particles after pulverization, and if too much of the surfactant is used, the overall physical properties of the final manufactured superabsorbent polymer will deteriorate. It can be.
- the surfactant is present in an amount of 0.01 parts by weight or more, 0.015 parts by weight, or 0.1 parts by weight or less, and 5 parts by weight or less, 3 parts by weight or less, 2 parts by weight or less, or 1 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer. It can be used below.
- the method of mixing such a surfactant into the polymer is not particularly limited as long as it can be mixed evenly with the polymer, and can be appropriately adopted and used.
- the surfactant may be mixed dry, dissolved in a solvent and then mixed as a solution, or the surfactant may be melted and then mixed.
- the surfactant may be mixed in a solution state dissolved in a solvent.
- any type of solvent can be used without limitation, whether inorganic or organic, but water is most appropriate considering the ease of the drying process and the cost of the solvent recovery system.
- the solution can be prepared by mixing the surfactant and the polymer in a reaction tank, putting the polymer in a mixer and spraying the solution, or continuously supplying the polymer and the solution to a continuously operating mixer and mixing them. .
- the step of neutralizing at least a portion of the acidic groups of the polymer (step 2) and the step of micronizing the polymer in the presence of a surfactant (step 3) are carried out sequentially or alternately. It can be carried out individually or simultaneously.
- a surfactant to the neutralized polymer to atomize the polymer mixed with the surfactant (performed in the order of Step 2 -> Step 3), or adding a neutralizer and a neutralizing agent to the polymer.
- Neutralization and atomization of the polymer may be performed by simultaneously adding a surfactant (steps 2 and 3 simultaneously).
- the surfactant may be added first and the neutralizer may be added later (performed in the order of Step 3 -> Step 2).
- the neutralizer and surfactant may be added alternately.
- a surfactant may be first added to micronize, then a neutralizing agent may be added to neutralize the product, and then an additional surfactant may be added to the neutralized hydrogel polymer to further perform the micronization process.
- At least a portion or a significant amount of the surfactant may be present on the surface of the hydrous superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the fact that the surfactant is present on the surface of the water-containing superabsorbent polymer particles means that at least some or a significant amount of the surfactant is adsorbed or bound to the surface of the water-containing superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the surfactant may be physically or chemically adsorbed on the surface of the superabsorbent polymer.
- the hydrophilic functional group of the surfactant may be physically adsorbed to the hydrophilic portion of the surface of the superabsorbent polymer by intermolecular forces such as dipole-dipole interaction.
- the hydrophilic part of the surfactant is physically adsorbed to the surface of the superabsorbent resin particle and surrounds the surface, and the hydrophobic part of the surfactant is not adsorbed to the surface of the resin particle, so the resin particle has a type of micelle structure. It may be coated with a surfactant in the form of . This is because the surfactant is not added during the polymerization process of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, but is added in the atomization step after polymer formation.
- the surfactant When the surfactant is added during the polymerization process and the surfactant is present inside the polymer, Compared to this, it can faithfully perform its role as a surfactant, and pulverization and agglomeration occur simultaneously, so that particles with a large surface area can be obtained in the form of fine particles agglomerated.
- the step of atomizing the polymer to produce water-absorbent superabsorbent polymer particles may be performed two or more times.
- the atomization step is performed by an atomization device, the atomization device comprising: a body portion including a transfer space inside which the polymer is transferred; A screw member rotatably installed inside the transfer space to move the polymer; a drive motor that provides rotational driving force to the screw member; A cutter member installed on the body to crush the polymer; And the polymer pulverized by the cutter member is discharged to the outside of the body portion, and may include a porous plate having a plurality of holes.
- the hole size provided in the perforated plate of the atomization device may be 1 mm to 20 mm, or 5 mm to 15 mm, or 5 mm to 12 mm.
- Step 4 Drying Step
- step 4 of drying the neutralized and micronized polymer using a stationary dryer to obtain a laminate of dry superabsorbent resin particles is performed.
- the above step is a step in which at least a portion of the acidic groups of the polymer are neutralized and the moisture in the hydrous superabsorbent resin particles, which are polymers obtained by micronizing the polymer in the presence of a surfactant, is dried.
- the drying step is performed using a fixed-bed type dryer, which is distinguished from moving type dryer by the presence or absence of movement of the material during drying.
- the stationary drying refers to a method in which the material to be dried is stopped on a floor such as a porous iron plate through which air can pass through, and hot air passes through the material from bottom to top to dry it.
- the fluid drying refers to a method of drying the dried product while mechanically stirring it.
- the direction in which hot air passes through the material may be the same as or different from the direction of circulation of the material.
- the material may be dried by circulating inside the dryer and passing a heat transfer fluid (heat oil) through a separate pipe outside the dryer.
- the dried superabsorbent polymer When the stationary drying process is applied, the dried superabsorbent polymer is obtained in the form of a laminate. Due to the increase in cohesion of the water-containing gel polymer, the porosity within the dried laminate is significantly reduced, and the hot air differential pressure increases, thereby increasing the outer surface of the dried product. There was a problem with the part bending. In addition, when the amount of dried material increases, there is a problem that the drying efficiency is significantly reduced, such as the interior of the dried material cannot be sufficiently dried.
- the present invention by initially introducing downward wind and performing it to satisfy a specific ratio compared to the total drying time, the occurrence of warping of the dried laminate can be effectively suppressed and excellent drying efficiency can be achieved even when the drying amount is increased.
- the drying step is performed by changing the direction of the hot air, including primary drying by downward wind and secondary drying by upward wind.
- the first process is performed for 40 to 60% of the total execution time, as described later.
- the downward wind (down-flow) means injecting hot air into the drying object from upward to downward
- the upward wind (up-flow) means injecting hot air into the drying object from downward to upward.
- the upward wind and downward wind mean that the direction of the hot wind is opposite to each other.
- the angle of the direction may change depending on the conditions of the hot air dryer used, but generally, the angle difference between the upward and downward winds can be seen to be 180° ⁇ 5°.
- the constant rate period can be quickly converted to the falling-rate period, that is, the falling-rate drying period can be relatively increased to achieve excellent drying efficiency. make it possible In this way, when the lapse rate drying section is increased, the upper, middle, and lower layers of the superabsorbent polymer laminate can all achieve a uniform degree of drying. In addition, the occurrence of warping of the dried body can be minimized by drying using an initial downward wind.
- Figure 3 is a drying curve graph showing the moisture content according to drying time in the drying process in the method of manufacturing the superabsorbent polymer of Examples and Comparative Examples among the experimental examples of the present invention described later.
- the drying conditions of the present application When satisfies, it can be seen that the constant rate drying section is relatively quickly converted to the lapse rate drying section, and the lapse rate drying section increases.
- the stationary dryer used in the drying step (step 4) may be a belt type dryer.
- drying is carried out by injecting the neutralized and atomized polymer into the perforated plate of a stationary dryer. Accordingly, the downward wind means that the polymer is injected from above and below the perforated plate, and the upward wind means that it is injected from the bottom of the perforated plate. It means being invested from above.
- the first drying step using downward wind by performing the first drying step using downward wind to be 40% to 60% of the total execution time, it is possible to achieve uniform drying of the superabsorbent polymer laminate without drying. If the first drying step using the downward wind is performed for less than 40% of the time, non-drying of the upper layer and bending of the lower layer may occur, and if performed for more than 60% of the time, non-drying problems may occur in the lower layer. and cannot achieve a uniform degree of drying. Preferably, the first drying step using downward wind may be performed at 40% to 50% of the total performance time.
- the drying step (step 4) may be preferably performed at an initial drying temperature of 180°C to 230°C and reduced temperature to 100°C to 120°C, more preferably at an initial drying temperature of 200°C to 220°C. , can be performed by reducing the temperature to 100°C to 110°C.
- the drying step is performed under heating conditions, the drying time may be shortened, but it may be somewhat difficult to manufacture a dried body with a relatively high moisture content, and by performing heating drying, the intermediate layer of the superabsorbent resin laminate is formed as desired. If sufficient drying does not occur, the uniformity of the dried superabsorbent polymer laminate may slightly deteriorate.
- the performance time of the drying step (step 4) can be appropriately controlled according to the desired drying amount and the capacity of the dryer used under the temperature and wind direction conditions described above.
- the average water content of the dried superabsorbent polymer particle laminate obtained by performing the drying step (step 4) may be 4% by weight to 9% by weight, preferably 4.5% by weight to 8.5% by weight.
- the “average moisture content” of the laminate means dividing the cross-section of the laminate sample into three layers of uniform height, dividing it into an upper layer, middle layer, and lower layer, measuring the water content of the resin in each layer, and calculating the arithmetic average value. As shown, the same measurement object was measured three times and derived according to the arithmetic mean value.
- moisture content refers to the content of moisture relative to the weight of the resin powder to be measured, which is calculated by subtracting the weight of the polymer in a dry state from the weight of the resin powder. Specifically, it is defined as a value calculated by measuring the weight loss due to evaporation of moisture in the resin powder during the drying process by raising the temperature of the polymer through infrared heating. This will be explained in more detail in the experimental example section described later.
- the standard deviation of the water content at each stacking position (top, middle, bottom) of the dried superabsorbent polymer particle laminate obtained by performing the drying step (step 4) may be 0.1 to 1.5, preferably 0.5 to 1.5. It can be.
- drying efficiency is improved, and the upper, middle, and lower layers of the dry superabsorbent polymer laminate can all be dried to a uniform degree, and the occurrence of warping can also be effectively suppressed.
- Step 5 Grinding Step
- a step of manufacturing superabsorbent polymer particles is performed by pulverizing the laminate of the dried superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the pulverizing step may be performed by pulverizing the laminate of dry superabsorbent polymer particles to have a particle size at the normal particle level, that is, 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m.
- the pulverizers used for this purpose are specifically vertical pulverizer, turbo cutter, turbo grinder, rotary cutter mill, cutter mill, It may be a disc mill, shred crusher, crusher, chopper, or disc cutter, but is not limited to the above examples.
- a pin mill, hammer mill, screw mill, roll mill, disc mill, or jog mill may be used as a grinder. , but is not limited to the examples described above.
- superabsorbent resin particles with a smaller particle size distribution can be realized in the atomization step than in the conventional chopping step, and when moving type drying is performed, the moisture content after drying is relatively high at 10% by weight or more. Because it is maintained high, even if grinding is performed under mild conditions with less grinding force, a superabsorbent polymer with a very high normal particle size content of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m can be formed, and the fine powder production rate can be greatly reduced.
- the superabsorbent polymer particles prepared as above are superabsorbent polymer particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m relative to the total weight, that is, normal particles in an amount of 80% by weight or more, 85% by weight, 89% by weight or more, and 90% by weight. It may contain more than 92% by weight, 93% by weight or more, 94% by weight or more, or 95% by weight or more.
- the particle size of these resin particles can be measured according to the European Disposables and Nonwovens Association (EDANA) standard EDANA WSP 220.3 method.
- the superabsorbent polymer particles contain about 20% by weight or less, or about 18% by weight or less, or about 15% by weight, or about 13% by weight or less, or about It may comprise less than 12% by weight, or less than about 111% by weight, or less than about 10% by weight, or less than about 9% by weight, or less than about 8% by weight, or less than about 5% by weight. This is in contrast to having fine powder of more than about 20% by weight to about 30% by weight when the superabsorbent polymer is manufactured according to a conventional manufacturing method.
- the step of classifying the pulverized superabsorbent polymer particles according to particle size may be further included.
- the method may further include forming a surface cross-linking layer on at least a portion of the surface of the super-absorbent polymer particles in the presence of a surface cross-linking agent after pulverizing and/or classifying the super-absorbent polymer particles.
- the cross-linked polymer contained in the super-absorbent polymer particles may be further cross-linked via a surface cross-linking agent, thereby forming a surface cross-linked layer on at least a portion of the surface of the super-absorbent polymer particles.
- the surface cross-linking agent any surface cross-linking agent that has been conventionally used in the production of superabsorbent polymers can be used without any restrictions.
- the surface cross-linking agent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 2- One selected from the group consisting of methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, tripropylene glycol and glycerol or more polyols; At least one carbonate-based compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and glycerol carbonate; Epoxy compounds such as ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether;
- one or more, two or more, or three or more of the surface cross-linking agents described above may be used as the surface cross-linking agent, for example, ethylene carbonate-propylene carbonate (ECPC), propylene glycol and/or glycerol carbonate. can be used.
- ECPC ethylene carbonate-propylene carbonate
- propylene glycol and/or glycerol carbonate can be used.
- This surface cross-linking agent may be used in an amount of about 0.001 to about 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the surface cross-linking agent is present in an amount of 0.005 parts by weight or more, or 0.01 parts by weight or more, or 0.05 parts by weight or more, or 5 parts by weight or less, or 4 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the superabsorbent polymer particles. It can be used in amounts of less than 100%.
- the step of forming the surface cross-linking layer may be performed by adding an inorganic material to the surface cross-linking agent. That is, in the presence of the surface crosslinking agent and the inorganic material, a step of forming a surface crosslinking layer can be performed by additionally crosslinking the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- one or more inorganic materials selected from the group consisting of silica, clay, alumina, silica-alumina composite, titania, zinc oxide, and aluminum sulfate may be used.
- the inorganic material can be used in powder form or liquid form, and in particular, it can be used as alumina powder, silica-alumina powder, titania powder, or nano-silica solution. Additionally, the inorganic material may be used in an amount of about 0.001 to about 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the method of mixing the surface crosslinking agent into the superabsorbent polymer composition there is no limitation on the method of mixing the surface crosslinking agent into the superabsorbent polymer composition.
- water and methanol may be additionally mixed and added.
- water and methanol there is an advantage that the surface crosslinking agent can be evenly dispersed in the superabsorbent polymer composition.
- the added water and methanol content can be appropriately adjusted to induce even dispersion of the surface cross-linking agent, prevent agglomeration of the superabsorbent polymer composition, and optimize the surface penetration depth of the cross-linking agent.
- the surface crosslinking process may be performed at a temperature of about 80°C to about 250°C. More specifically, the surface crosslinking process may be performed at a temperature of about 100°C to about 220°C, or about 120°C to about 200°C, for about 20 minutes to about 2 hours, or about 40 minutes to about 80 minutes. .
- the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles can be sufficiently crosslinked to increase the absorbency under pressure.
- the temperature raising means for the surface crosslinking reaction is not particularly limited. Heating can be done by supplying a heat medium or directly supplying a heat source. At this time, the type of heat medium that can be used may be steam, hot air, or a heated fluid such as hot oil, but is not limited to this, and the temperature of the supplied heat medium depends on the means of the heat medium, the temperature increase rate, and the temperature increase target temperature. You can choose appropriately by taking this into consideration. Meanwhile, directly supplied heat sources include heating through electricity and heating through gas, but are not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
- a cooling step of cooling the super-absorbent polymer particles on which the surface cross-linked layer is formed the surface cross-linked layer It may be performed by further comprising at least one of a hydration step of adding water to the formed superabsorbent polymer particles, and a post-treatment step of adding an additive to the superabsorbent polymer particles on which the surface cross-linking layer is formed.
- the cooling step, hydration step, and post-treatment step may be performed sequentially or simultaneously.
- Additives added in the post-treatment step may include liquid permeability improvers, anti-caking agents, fluidity improvers, and antioxidants, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the moisture content of the final superabsorbent polymer can be improved and a higher quality superabsorbent polymer product can be manufactured.
- a superabsorbent polymer according to the above-described manufacturing method can be provided.
- the superabsorbent polymer has excellent other physical properties, it can improve the quality of the final product by effectively suppressing outer bending due to excellent drying efficiency.
- the superabsorbent polymer may have a particle diameter of 150 to 850 ⁇ m. More specifically, at least 95% by weight of the base resin powder and the superabsorbent polymer containing the same may have a particle diameter of 150 to 850 ⁇ m, and may include 50% by weight or more of particles with a particle diameter of 300 to 600 ⁇ m, and may contain 150% by weight or more. Fine powder having a particle size of less than ⁇ m may be less than 3% by weight.
- a micronizer (F200, Karl Schnell) equipped with a perforated plate containing a plurality of holes with a hole size of 10 mm was rotated at 1500 rpm and 5000 g of the obtained polymer was added to produce tens to hundreds of microscopic particles. It was atomized into primary particles with a particle diameter of one meter. At this time, 299 g of 0.45 w% aqueous solution of Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) was added to prevent excessive aggregation.
- Glycerol Monolaurate Glycerol Monolaurate
- a meat chopper a screw-type shredder equipped with a perforated plate containing multiple holes with a hole size of 6 mm, is rotated at 500 rpm while the micronized polymer is added to produce secondary aggregated particles.
- the process was repeated three times. At this time, 1,252 g of 50% NaOH aqueous solution was added in one pass to neutralize some of the acidic groups of the polymer.
- 157.8 g of 10% Na 2 SO 4 aqueous solution was added to neutralize some of the acidic groups of the polymer.
- water-containing superabsorbent polymer particles were prepared by passing without adding any additives.
- 1,472 g of the hydrous superabsorbent polymer particles were put into a belt-type dryer equipped with a 200 mm wide, 200 mm long, and 1 mm perforated plate capable of shifting the air volume up and down. Hydrous superabsorbent polymer particles are located at the top of the perforated plate. First, downward wind flowing from the top of the perforated plate to the bottom was applied for 20 minutes, and then, upward wind flowing from the bottom of the perforated plate to the top was applied for 30 minutes to dry. . At the same time, the temperature of the dryer's hot air was maintained at 200°C for 5 minutes, then reduced to 100°C and dried while maintained for 45 minutes to obtain a laminate of dried superabsorbent resin particles.
- a drying curve graph measuring moisture content according to drying time in the drying process is shown in Figure 3.
- Step 5 Grinding and classification step
- the laminate of the dried superabsorbent polymer particles was pulverized into particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m using a two-stage roll mill (GRAN-U-LIZERTM, MPE).
- the pulverized material was selectively recovered only superabsorbent resin particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m using a classifier.
- a surface prepared by adding 3 g of water, 4 g of methanol, 0.1 g of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EJ-1030S), 0.1 g of propylene glycol, and 0.2 g of aluminum sulfate to 100 g of the superabsorbent polymer particles obtained above.
- the crosslinking solution was mixed for 1 minute, and a surface crosslinking reaction was performed at 140°C for 40 minutes to obtain a surface crosslinked superabsorbent polymer.
- a superabsorbent polymer was obtained in the same manner, except that the process conditions of the drying step in Example 1 were changed as shown in Table 1 below.
- Moisture content (wt%) ⁇ [H 0 (g) - H 1 (g)]/H 0 (g) ⁇ * 100
- Figure 2 (a) is a cross-sectional photograph of the dried laminate after the drying step in Example 1, and (b) is a cross-sectional photograph of the dried laminate after the drying step in Comparative Example 4.
- ⁇ When more than 10% of lifting occurs in the outer area compared to the thickness of the center of the building.
- ⁇ In case of lifting of more than 5% but less than 10% of the outer part of the building compared to the thickness of the center of the building.
- physiological saline or saline solution refers to a 0.9% by weight sodium chloride (NaCl) aqueous solution.
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Abstract
Description
| 구분 | 건조 물 중량 (Crumb, g) |
건조 조건 | 열풍조건 |
| 실시예 1 | 1,472 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 하향풍 20분->상향풍 30분 |
| 실시예 2 | 1,550 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 하향풍 20분->상향풍 30분 |
| 실시예 3 | 1,472 | 180℃ 5분->120℃ 45분 | 하향풍 20분->상향풍 30분 |
| 실시예 4 | 1,472 | 180℃ 10분->120℃ 40분 | 하향풍 20분->상향풍 30분 |
| 실시예 5 | 1,472 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 하향풍 25분->상향풍 25분 |
| 실시예 6 | 1,472 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 하향풍 30분->상향풍 20분 |
| 비교예 1 | 1,104 | 100℃ 37분30초 | 상향풍 3분45초->상향풍 33분45초 |
| 비교예 2 | 1,472 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 상향풍 5분->하향풍 45분 |
| 비교예 3 | 1,472 | 100℃ 50분 | 상향풍 5분->하향풍 45분 |
| 비교예 4 | 1,472 | 200℃ 6분->100℃ 46분 | 상향풍 12분->하향풍 38분 |
| 비교예 5 | 1,550 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 하향풍 10분->상향풍 40분 |
| 비교예 6 | 1,550 | 200℃ 5분->100℃ 45분 | 하향풍 32분->상향풍 18분 |
| 구분 | 건조 전 함수율 (중량%) |
건조 후 함수율(중량%) | 건조 후 함수율의 표준편차 | 휘어짐 | |||
| 상층 | 중간층 | 하층 | 평균 | ||||
| 실시예 1 | 67.4 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 0.9 | X |
| 실시예 2 | 67.1 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 0.6 | X |
| 실시예 3 | 67.4 | 6.3 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 1.1 | X |
| 실시예 4 | 67.2 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 0.9 | X |
| 실시예 5 | 67.5 | 5.3 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 1.3 | X |
| 실시예 6 | 67.2 | 4.9 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 6.6 | 1.5 | X |
| 비교예 1 | 67.0 | 7.2 | 8.6 | 12.7 | 9.5 | 2.9 | △ |
| 비교예 2 | 67.4 | 6.1 | 10.9 | 28.5 | 15.2 | 11.8 | X |
| 비교예 3 | 66.6 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 24.0 | 12.4 | 10.0 | X |
| 비교예 4 | 67.2 | 31.4 | 46.4 | 41.6 | 39.8 | 7.7 | ○ |
| 비교예 5 | 67.1 | 26.6 | 11.5 | 6.7 | 15.0 | 10.4 | ○ |
| 비교예 6 | 67.3 | 7.5 | 12.3 | 21.9 | 13.9 | 7.3 | ○ |
| 구분 | CRC (g/g) |
AUP (g/g) |
Vortex Time (sec) |
비고 |
| 실시예 1 | 38.4 | 32.9 | 25 | - |
| 실시예 2 | 37.6 | 32.3 | 23 | - |
| 실시예 3 | 36.5 | 32.6 | 26 | - |
| 실시예 4 | 37.8 | 33.0 | 26 | - |
| 실시예 5 | 37.3 | 31.6 | 24 | - |
| 실시예 6 | 37.1 | 31.9 | 25 | - |
| 비교예 1 | 37.3 | 30.5 | 30 | - |
| 비교예 2 | - | - | - | 입자 분쇄 X |
| 비교예 3 | - | - | - | 입자 분쇄 X |
| 비교예 4 | - | - | - | 입자 분쇄 X |
| 비교예 5 | - | - | - | 입자 분쇄 X |
| 비교예 6 | - | - | - | 입자 분쇄 X |
Claims (11)
- 산성기를 갖는 수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체, 내부 가교제, 및 중합 개시제를 포함하는 단량체 조성물에 대하여 중합을 수행하여, 상기 산성기를 갖는 수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체 및 내부 가교제가 가교 중합된 중합체를 형성하는 단계(단계 1);상기 중합체의 적어도 일부의 산성기를 중화시키는 단계(단계 2);계면 활성제의 존재 하에 상기 중합체를 미립화하는 단계(단계 3);상기 중화 및 미립화된 중합체를 정치식 건조기로 건조하여 건조 고흡수성 수지 입자의 적층체를 수득하는 단계(단계 4); 및상기 건조 고흡수성 수지 입자의 적층체를 분쇄하여 고흡수성 수지 입자를 제조하는 단계(단계 5)를 포함하고,상기 단계 4는, 상기 중화 및 미립화된 중합체에 대하여, 하향풍(down-flow)을 투입하여 1차 건조하는 단계 및 상향풍(up-flow)을 투입하여 2차 건조하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 단계 4의 총 수행 시간에 대하여 1차 건조 단계의 수행 시간이 40 내지 60%인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단계 4는, 180℃ 내지 230℃의 초기 건조 온도에서, 100℃ 내지 120℃까지 감온하여 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단계 4를 수행하여 수득되는 건조 고흡수성 수지 입자 적층체의 평균 함수율은 4 중량% 내지 9 중량%인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단계 4를 수행하여 수득되는 건조 고흡수성 수지 입자 적층체의 적층 위치별 함수율의 표준 편차는 0.1 내지 1.5인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 중합체를 형성하는 단계(단계 1)은, 배치식 반응기(batch type reactor)에서 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단계 2 및 단계 3은 순차적, 교호적, 또는 동시에 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 미립화 단계(단계 3)는 미립화 장치에 의해 수행되며, 상기 미립화 장치는,내부에 중합체가 이송되는 이송 공간을 포함하는 바디부;상기 이송 공간의 내부에 회전 가능하게 설치되어 중합체를 이동시키는 스크류 부재;상기 스크류 부재에 회전 구동력을 제공하는 구동모터;상기 바디부에 설치되어 상기 중합체를 분쇄하는 커터 부재; 및상기 커터 부재에 의해 분쇄된 상기 중합체를 상기 바디부의 외부로 배출하며, 다수의 홀(hole)이 형성된 다공판을 포함하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단계 3의 계면 활성제의 적어도 일부는 상기 중합체의 표면에 존재하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단계 3의 계면 활성제는 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 염을 포함하는, 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법:[화학식 2]상기 화학식 2에서,A1, A2 및 A3는 각각 독립적으로, 단일 결합, 카보닐, , 또는 이고, 단, 이들 중 하나 이상은 카보닐 또는 이고, 여기서, m1, m2 및 m3는 각각 독립적으로, 1 내지 8의 정수이고, 은 각각 인접한 산소 원자와 연결되고, 은 인접한 R1, R2 및 R3와 각각 연결되고,R1, R2 및 R3는 각각 독립적으로, 수소, 탄소수 6 내지 18의 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알킬 또는 탄소수 6 내지 18의 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알케닐이고,n은 1 내지 9의 정수이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고흡수성 수지 입자를 입경에 따라 분급하는 단계를 더 포함하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제10항에 있어서,상기 고흡수성 수지 입자의 표면 중 적어도 일부에 표면 가교층을 형성하는 단계를 더 포함하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
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| JP2025535384A JP2025541008A (ja) | 2022-12-23 | 2023-12-19 | 高吸水性樹脂の製造方法 |
| EP23907679.7A EP4620996A4 (en) | 2022-12-23 | 2023-12-19 | METHOD FOR PREPARING A SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER |
| CN202380083914.6A CN120303326A (zh) | 2022-12-23 | 2023-12-19 | 超吸收性聚合物的制备方法 |
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| KR1020230181011A KR20240101394A (ko) | 2022-12-23 | 2023-12-13 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016124901A (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | 株式会社日本触媒 | ポリアクリル酸(塩)系吸水性樹脂の製造方法 |
| KR20200024590A (ko) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-09 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지 건조 장치 및 이를 이용한 건조 방법 |
| KR20210093786A (ko) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| KR20220080717A (ko) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| WO2022265466A1 (ko) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
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| JP6793664B6 (ja) * | 2015-05-08 | 2020-12-23 | ビーエイエスエフ・ソシエタス・エウロパエアBasf Se | 吸水性ポリマー粒子を製造するための製造方法、およびベルト式乾燥機 |
| KR20240094758A (ko) * | 2022-12-16 | 2024-06-25 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조방법 |
| WO2024128871A1 (ko) * | 2022-12-16 | 2024-06-20 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
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- 2023-12-19 EP EP23907679.7A patent/EP4620996A4/en active Pending
- 2023-12-19 CN CN202380083914.6A patent/CN120303326A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-19 JP JP2025535384A patent/JP2025541008A/ja active Pending
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016124901A (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | 株式会社日本触媒 | ポリアクリル酸(塩)系吸水性樹脂の製造方法 |
| KR20200024590A (ko) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-09 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지 건조 장치 및 이를 이용한 건조 방법 |
| KR20210093786A (ko) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| KR20220080717A (ko) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-06-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
| WO2022265466A1 (ko) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| ODIAN: "Principle of Polymerization", 1981, WILEY, pages: 203 |
| See also references of EP4620996A1 |
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| CN120303326A (zh) | 2025-07-11 |
| EP4620996A4 (en) | 2026-03-18 |
| JP2025541008A (ja) | 2025-12-17 |
| EP4620996A1 (en) | 2025-09-24 |
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