WO2024136516A1 - 전극조립체, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 - Google Patents
전극조립체, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024136516A1 WO2024136516A1 PCT/KR2023/021240 KR2023021240W WO2024136516A1 WO 2024136516 A1 WO2024136516 A1 WO 2024136516A1 KR 2023021240 W KR2023021240 W KR 2023021240W WO 2024136516 A1 WO2024136516 A1 WO 2024136516A1
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode assembly and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- lithium secondary batteries Recently, the application area of lithium secondary batteries has rapidly expanded not only to supply power to electronic devices such as electricity, electronics, communication, and computers, but also to supply power storage to large-area devices such as automobiles and power storage devices, resulting in high capacity, high output, long life, and high efficiency. Demand for stable lithium secondary batteries is increasing.
- a lithium secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, an electrolyte, an organic solvent, etc.
- the positive electrode can generate oxygen due to its unstable structure in the charged state, and because there is a high risk of ignition when oxygen is generated, research and development are being attempted on methods to increase the stability of lithium secondary batteries.
- a separator is used to ensure electrical insulation between the anode and cathode, and a thin membrane made of polyolefin is generally used.
- polyolefin-based separators they can easily shrink in a high-temperature environment, making it impossible to insulate between the anode and cathode. If electrical insulation between the anode and cathode becomes impossible, a short circuit may occur, and ignition may occur due to interaction with oxygen generated by the unstable anode. In other words, if a short circuit occurs in a charged lithium secondary battery in a high temperature environment, the lithium secondary battery may ignite.
- a flame-retardant electrolyte containing a flame-retardant solvent can be used, but there is a problem that such a flame-retardant electrolyte is not well impregnated into a conventional separator. If the electrolyte is not well impregnated in a lithium secondary battery, lithium ions are not transmitted well, so the capacity, output, and lifespan characteristics of the lithium secondary battery all deteriorate. Additionally, if the electrolyte is not well impregnated in a lithium secondary battery, a non-uniform reaction occurs between the electrode and the electrolyte, causing dendrites to form, resulting in a short circuit.
- the present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide an electrode assembly that not only prevents ignition due to high high temperature stability, but also has excellent battery performance due to high electrolyte impregnation, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- It includes an anode, a cathode, and a coating layer located between the anode and the cathode,
- the coating layer is characterized in that it includes one or more types from the group consisting of (a) oxide-based solid electrolyte particles, and (b) polymer particles and ceramic particles.
- the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles are LLTO-based compounds, Li 6 La 2 CaTa 2 O 12 , Li 6 La 2 ANb 2 O 12 (A is Ca or Sr), Li 2 Nd 3 TeS b O 12 , Li 3 BO 2.5 N 0.5 , Li 9 SiAlO 8 , LAGP-based compound, LATP-based compound, Li 1+x Ti 2-x Al x Si y (PO 4 ) 3-y (where, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), LiAl x Zr 2-x (PO 4 ) 3 ( where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 ) , LiTi , LIPON-based compounds, perovskite-based compounds, nasicon-based compounds, LLZO-based compounds, and LLZMO-based compounds, or may include any one or two or more of these.
- the polymer particles and the ceramic particles may each have an absolute zeta potential of 25 mV or more.
- the polymer particles include, for example, polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, poly 1 selected from the group consisting of sulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamideimide, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, polyetherketone, polyphthalamide, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate. It may include more than one species.
- PEO polyethylene oxide
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- polystyrene polyvinyl chloride
- polycarbonate poly 1 selected from the group consisting of sulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamideimide, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, polyetherketone, polyphthalamide
- the ceramic particles are boehmite, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , SnO 2 , NiO, ZnO, V 2 O 5 , and MnO. It may include one or more types selected from.
- the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles in the coating layer may be included in an amount of 10% to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the coating layer.
- the coating layer includes (a) oxide-based solid electrolyte particles, and (b) polymer particles, wherein the polymer particles include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamideimide, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, polyether It may contain one or more types selected from the group consisting of ketone, polyphthalamide, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate.
- the polymer particles include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamideimide, poly
- the thickness of the coating layer may be 3 micrometers to 30 micrometers.
- the coating layer may be formed on the anode or the cathode.
- the electrode assembly further includes a separator, and the separator may be positioned between the anode and the coating layer, or between the cathode and the coating layer.
- the coating layer may be composed of a first coating layer formed on the anode and a second coating layer formed on the cathode.
- the electrode assembly further includes a separator, and the separator may be positioned between the first coating layer and the second coating layer.
- the electrode assembly may further include a separator, and the coating layer may be formed on one side or both sides of the separator.
- the separator may be an SRS separator having a structure in which an organic-inorganic mixed layer containing inorganic particles and a binder is formed on one or both sides of the base substrate.
- the present invention also provides a lithium secondary battery including the electrode assembly, electrolyte, and battery case.
- the electrolyte may be a flame-retardant electrolyte containing a flame-retardant solvent and a lithium salt.
- the flame retardant solvent may include one or more compounds selected from sulfone-based compounds, nitrile-based compounds, phosphoric acid-based compounds, and fluorine-substituted carbonate-based compounds, and the lithium salt is, for example, LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 may be included.
- FIG 1 schematically shows an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 schematically shows an electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- zeta ( ⁇ ) potential is an indicator indicating the degree of surface charge of a particle.
- the zeta potential of polymer particles or ceramic particles included in the coating layer can be measured by electrophoretic light scattering using dynamic light scattering equipment.
- the zeta potential value can be measured after dispersing polymer particles or ceramic particles in a solvent such as water or alcohol without a dispersant.
- the present invention includes an anode, a cathode, and a coating layer located between the anode and the cathode,
- the coating layer provides an electrode assembly including (a) oxide-based solid electrolyte particles, and (b) one or more types from the group consisting of polymer particles and ceramic particles.
- the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles are LLTO-based compounds, Li 6 La 2 CaTa 2 O 12 , Li 6 La 2 ANb 2 O 12 (A is Ca or Sr), Li 2 Nd 3 TeS b O 12 , Li 3 BO 2.5 N 0.5 , Li 9 SiAlO 8 , LAGP-based compound, LATP-based compound, Li 1+x Ti 2-x Al x Si y (PO 4 ) 3-y (here, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) , LiAl x Zr 2-x ( PO 4 ) 3 (where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), LiTi It may include any one selected from the group consisting of a perovskite-based compound, a nasicon-based compound, an LLZO-based compound, and an LLZMO-based compound, or two or more of these, but is not limited, and is specifically a LATP-based compound. You can.
- the LLTO-based compound may be a compound containing Li, La, Ti, and O, and in detail, may be Li 3x La (2/3-x) TiO 2 .
- the LAGP-based compound may be a compound containing Li, Al, Ge, P, and O, and in detail, Li 1+x Al x Ge 2-x (PO 4 ) 3 (where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 ), and the LATP-based compound is a compound containing Li, Al, Ti, P, and O, specifically, Li 1+x Al x Ti 2-x (PO 4 ) 3 (where, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1).
- the LIPON-based compound may be a compound containing Li, P, O, and N
- the LLZO-based compound may be a compound containing Li, La, Zr, and O, specifically Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12
- the coating layer includes the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles
- the average diameter (D50) of the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles may be 50 nanometers to 10 micrometers, specifically 50 nanometers to 5 micrometers, and more specifically 50 nanometers to 1 micrometer.
- the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles may be included in an amount of 10% by weight to 90% by weight, specifically, 10% by weight to 80% by weight, and more specifically, 10 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating layer. there is.
- the polymer particles may be particles with a surface charge. Alternatively, it may include both particles with surface charge and particles without surface charge.
- the surface charge may be visible on the particle itself, or may be formed through physical or chemical surface treatment.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential of the polymer particle may be 25 mV or more, specifically 35 mV or more, and more specifically 45 mV or more.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential satisfies the above numerical range, even when applying a flame-retardant electrolyte to a lithium secondary battery including an electrode according to the present invention, the flame-retardant electrolyte can be easily impregnated into the coating layer, resulting in a uniform reaction throughout the electrode. This can occur, and thus the performance of the lithium secondary battery, such as capacity, output, and lifespan characteristics, can be improved.
- the polymer particles include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, and polysulfone. , polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, polyphenylsulfone, polyamideimide, polyimide, polybenzimidazole, polyetherketone, polyphthalamide, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate. It may include the above, and is distinguished from the binder that binds the components, but is not limited thereto as long as it is a material that can be used as polymer-based solid electrolyte particles. In detail, the polymer particles may include polymethyl methacrylate.
- the average diameter (D50) of the polymer particles may be 50 nanometers to 3 micrometers, specifically 50 nanometers to 2 micrometers, and more specifically, 50 nanometers to 1.5 micrometers.
- the average diameter (D50) of the polymer particles satisfies the above numerical range, the dispersibility of the particles contained in the coating layer is improved, and pores of appropriate size are uniformly formed in the coating layer, thereby improving the mobility of lithium ions. .
- the average diameter (D50) of the polymer particles is less than 50 nanometers, agglomeration occurs between particles due to a decrease in dispersibility of the particles, and the pores are blocked by the agglomerated particles, thereby reducing the mobility of lithium ions and increasing resistance. If the average diameter (D50) of the polymer particles is greater than 3 micrometers, there is a problem in that a lithium dendrite growth path may be formed, as described above.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential of the ceramic particle may also be 25 mV or more, specifically 35 mV or more, and more specifically 45 mV or more.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential satisfies the above numerical range, even when applying a flame-retardant electrolyte to a lithium secondary battery including an electrode according to the present invention, the flame-retardant electrolyte can be easily impregnated into the coating layer, resulting in a uniform reaction throughout the electrode. This can occur, and thus the performance of the lithium secondary battery, such as capacity, output, and lifespan characteristics, can be improved.
- the ceramic particles are specifically made of boehmite, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , SnO 2 , NiO, ZnO, V 2 O 5 , and MnO. It may include one or more species selected from the group, but is not limited thereto, and may specifically include boehmite.
- the average diameter (D50) of the ceramic particles may be 30 nanometers to 5 micrometers, specifically 50 nanometers to 3 micrometers, and more specifically, 50 nanometers to 1 micrometer.
- the average diameter (D50) of the ceramic particles is smaller, agglomeration between particles may occur due to reduced dispersibility of the particles, and if it is larger, there is a problem in that a lithium dendrite growth path may be formed.
- the average diameter (D50) described above means the particle size corresponding to 50% of the cumulative volume in the particle size distribution curve.
- the D50 can be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction method.
- the laser diffraction method is generally capable of measuring particle diameters ranging from the submicron region to several millimeters, and can obtain results with high reproducibility and high resolution.
- the polymer particles or the ceramic particles may be included individually or together.
- the coating layer may include polymer particles together with the oxide-based solid electrolyte particles. That is, it may necessarily include oxide-based solid electrolyte particles and polymer particles. In this case, lithium ion transfer performance is superior.
- the mixing ratio of the polymer particles and the ceramic particles may be 3:7 to 7:3 based on weight, and in detail, 4: It may be included in a ratio of 6 to 6:4.
- the coating layer may further include one or more additives selected from the group consisting of binders and dispersants.
- the dispersing agent suppresses excessive aggregation of polymer particles within the coating layer and allows the polymer particles to exist effectively dispersed in the coating layer.
- the dispersant may include a hydrogenated nitrile-based copolymer, specifically a hydrogenated nitrile-based copolymer, and more specifically, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (H-NBR).
- a hydrogenated nitrile-based copolymer specifically a hydrogenated nitrile-based copolymer, and more specifically, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (H-NBR).
- H-NBR hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber
- the hydrogenated nitrile-based copolymer is a copolymer containing a structural unit derived from an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitrile, and a structural unit derived from a hydrogenated conjugated diene, or a structural unit derived from an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitrile, a structural unit derived from a conjugated diene, and a structural unit derived from a hydrogenated conjugated diene. It may be a copolymer containing a structural unit derived from a conjugated diene.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitrile monomer for example, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile may be used, and one type of these may be used alone or a mixture of two or more types may be used.
- conjugated diene monomer for example, conjugated diene monomers having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, such as 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, or 2,3-methyl butadiene, may be used, one or two of these. Mixtures of the above may be used.
- the dispersant may be included in an amount of 1% to 20% by weight, specifically 1% to 15% by weight, and more specifically 1% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating layer.
- the content of the dispersant satisfies the above range, the dispersibility of the particles contained in the coating layer is improved and pores are uniformly formed in the coating layer, thereby significantly reducing cracks on the surface of the coating layer.
- the binder serves to improve adhesion between the particles of the coating layer and the electrode and separator.
- the binder is, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), It may include at least one member selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, styrene-butadiene rubber, and fluorine rubber.
- the binder may include polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 0.1% to 20% by weight, specifically 0.5% to 15% by weight, and more specifically 1% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating layer. Outside the above range, if it is too small, the effect of improving adhesion cannot be expected, and if it is too large, the content of other particles is relatively reduced, which is not desirable.
- the coating layer of this configuration may have electrical insulation properties.
- the coating layer may correspond to a porous insulating layer, but is not limited thereto.
- This coating layer has the characteristic of not easily shrinking even at high temperatures.
- short circuiting between the anode and the cathode is prevented even in a high temperature environment, thereby improving the high temperature safety of the lithium secondary battery.
- the coating layer may be formed on an anode or a cathode.
- 1 to 3 disclose a configuration formed on either the anode or the cathode of the coating layer.
- Figure 1 schematically shows an electrode assembly in which the coating layer is formed on the cathode instead of a separator
- Figure 2 shows the coating layer being formed on the cathode, and between the coating layer and the anode.
- An electrode assembly with a separator interposed thereon is schematically shown
- Figure 3 schematically shows an electrode assembly with a structure in which the coating layer is formed on the anode and a separator is interposed between the coating layer and the cathode. It is done.
- the electrode assembly 100 includes a cathode 110, an anode 120, and a coating layer 130.
- the negative electrode 110 has a structure in which a negative electrode active material layer 112 is formed on a negative electrode current collector 111.
- the negative electrode active material layer includes electrode materials such as a negative electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the cathode may be a graphite electrode made of carbon (C), or may be metal itself.
- the negative electrode current collector 111 is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery, for example, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, fired carbon, copper or stainless steel. Surface treatment with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc., aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. can be used.
- the negative electrode current collector 111 may typically have a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and like the positive electrode current collector, fine irregularities may be formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector to strengthen the bonding force of the negative electrode active material.
- it can be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous materials, foams, and non-woven materials.
- the negative electrode active material includes lithium metal, a carbon material capable of reversibly intercalating/deintercalating lithium ions, a metal or an alloy of these metals and lithium, a metal composite oxide, a material capable of doping and dedoping lithium, and It may include at least one selected from the group consisting of transition metal oxides.
- any carbon-based negative electrode active material commonly used in lithium ion secondary batteries can be used without particular restrictions, and representative examples include crystalline carbon, Amorphous carbon or a combination thereof can be used.
- the crystalline carbon include graphite such as amorphous, plate-shaped, flake-shaped, spherical or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite, and examples of the amorphous carbon include soft carbon (low-temperature calcined carbon).
- hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, etc. may be mentioned.
- Examples of the above metals or alloys of these metals and lithium include Cu, Ni, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Si, Sb, Pb, In, Zn, Ba, Ra, Ge, Al. and Sn, or an alloy of these metals and lithium may be used.
- the metal complex oxides include PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , Bi 2 O 5 , LixFe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) and Sn x Me 1-x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me': selected from the group consisting of Al, B, P, Si, group 1, 2, and 3 elements of the periodic table, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1; 1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8) Anything can be used.
- Materials capable of doping and dedoping lithium include Si, SiO It is an element selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and combinations thereof, but not Si), Sn, SnO 2 , Sn-Y (Y is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, Group 13 element, Group 14 element, transition metal, rare earth elements selected from the group consisting of elements and combinations thereof, but not Sn), and the like, and at least one of these may be mixed with SiO 2 .
- the element Y includes Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Sc, Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf, V, Nb, Ta, Db, Cr, Mo, W, Sg, Tc, Re, Bh, Fe, Pb, Ru, Os, Hs, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, Sn, In, Ge, P, As, Sb, Bi, S, Se, It may be selected from the group consisting of Te, Po, and combinations thereof.
- transition metal oxide examples include lithium-containing titanium complex oxide (LTO), vanadium oxide, and lithium vanadium oxide.
- the negative electrode active material may be included in an amount of 60 to 99% by weight, preferably 70 to 99% by weight, and more preferably 80 to 98% by weight, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the conductive material is a component to further improve the conductivity of the negative electrode active material, and the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery.
- carbon black, acetylene black, and Ketjen black carbon powders such as channel black, furnace black, lamp black, or thermal black; Graphite powder such as natural graphite, artificial graphite, or graphite with a highly developed crystal structure; Conductive fibers such as carbon fiber and metal fiber; Fluorinated carbon powder; Conductive powders such as aluminum powder and nickel powder; Conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- the conductive material may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, specifically 0.5 to 5% by weight, and more specifically 0.5 to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the conductive material, the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode current collector.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene, Examples include polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, sulfonated ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, and various copolymers thereof.
- the binder may be included in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight, specifically 0.5 to 5% by weight, and more specifically 0.5 to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the metal When using the metal itself without forming a negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode, it can be manufactured by physically bonding, rolling, or depositing the metal on the metal thin film itself or the negative electrode current collector.
- the deposition method may use electrical metal deposition or chemical vapor deposition.
- the metal to be bonded/rolled/deposited on the metal thin film itself or the negative electrode current collector is made of lithium (Li), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), copper (Cu), and indium (In). It may include one type of metal or an alloy of two types of metals selected from the group.
- the positive electrode 120 has a structure in which the positive electrode active material layer 122 is formed on the positive electrode current collector 121.
- the positive electrode active material layer includes electrode materials such as a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the positive electrode current collector 121 may be any conductive material without causing chemical changes in the battery, and is not particularly limited.
- the current collector may be stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel surface treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc.
- the positive electrode active material is a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium, and may specifically include lithium metal oxide containing lithium and one or more metals such as cobalt, manganese, nickel, or aluminum.
- the lithium metal oxide is lithium-manganese-based oxide (for example, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , etc.), lithium-cobalt-based oxide (for example, LiCoO 2 , etc.), lithium-nickel-based oxide (for example, For example, LiNiO 2 etc.), lithium-nickel-manganese oxide (for example, LiNi 1-Y Mn Y O 2 (here, 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 1), LiMn 2-Z Ni Z O 4 (here , 0 ⁇ Z ⁇ 2), etc.), lithium-nickel-cobalt oxide (for example, LiNi 1-Y1 Co Y1 O 2 (where 0 ⁇ Y1 ⁇ 1), etc.), lithium-manganese-cobalt oxide Oxides
- the lithium metal oxide is LiCoO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiNiO 2 , lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (for example, Li(Ni 1/3 Mn 1/3 Co 1/ 3 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.7 Mn 0.15 Co 0.15 )O 2 and Li(Ni 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 ) O 2 etc.), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (e.g.
- lithium nickel manganese cobalt aluminum oxide e.g. Li(Ni 0.86 Co 0.05 Mn 0.07 Al 0.02 )O 2
- lithium iron phosphate for example, LiFePO 4
- the positive electrode active material may be included in an amount of 60 to 99% by weight, preferably 70 to 99% by weight, and more preferably 80 to 98% by weight, based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the description of the conductive material and binder is the same as the description of the negative electrode active material layer.
- the coating layer 130 is formed between the anode 120 and the cathode 110.
- the thickness (t) of the coating layer 130 may be 3 micrometers to 30 micrometers, specifically 5 micrometers to 20 micrometers, and more specifically 5 micrometers to 15 micrometers. If it is outside the above range and is too thin, the effect intended by the present application cannot be obtained, sufficient physical insulation between the anode 120 and the cathode 110 cannot be secured, and if it is too thick, resistance may increase, which is not desirable. not.
- the thickness (t) of the coating layer 130 can be easily measured using a thickness gauge or a cross-sectional SEM photograph.
- the area of the coating layer 130 may be formed to an area capable of insulating the anode 120 and the cathode 110 as a whole. Specifically, when the cathode 110 is larger than the anode 120, the anode 120 It is not limited as long as it has an area equal to or greater than . However, for ease of manufacturing process, the coating layer 130 may be formed to have an area corresponding to the entire area of the object to be coated.
- Figure 1 discloses a structure in which a coating layer 130 is formed on a cathode 110.
- the coating layer 130 may be formed to have an area corresponding to the cathode 110.
- the coating layer 130 can be formed, as an example, by coating and drying a composition for forming a coating layer on the cathode 110.
- the coating layer may be formed as a freestanding film and attached to the cathode 110, or may be formed by coating and drying the coating layer forming composition on a substrate and then transferring it onto the cathode 110.
- the method is not limited.
- a method of forming a coating layer by coating and drying the composition for forming a coating layer will be described, but the method is not limited thereto, and of course, it can be formed by various methods.
- the coating layer can be formed in an area corresponding to the anode by coating and drying the coating layer forming composition on the anode.
- the coating layer 130 replaces the separator and performs an electrical insulating role.
- the electrode assembly has the same structure as that of FIG. 1 but further includes a separator.
- the electrode assembly 200 includes a coating layer 230 between the anode 220 and the cathode 210, and a separator 240 between the coating layer 230 and the anode 220. Includes.
- the coating layer 230 is formed by coating and drying the coating layer forming composition on the cathode 210, so it can be formed to have an area corresponding to the cathode 210, and the separator 240 is formed by coating the coating layer 230. and the anode 220.
- the separator can be used without particular restrictions as long as it is normally used as a separator in lithium secondary batteries, and in particular, it is preferable that the separator has low resistance to ion movement in the electrolyte and has excellent electrolyte solution moistening ability.
- the separator may be a porous polymer film containing polyolefin polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or two layers thereof.
- polyolefin polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or two layers thereof.
- polyolefin polymers such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or two layers thereof.
- the above laminated structures may be used.
- conventional porous nonwoven fabrics such as nonwoven fabrics made of high melting point glass fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fiber
- it may be an SRS (Safety Reinforced Separator) separator structure in which an organic-inorganic mixed layer containing inorganic particles and a binder is formed on one or both sides of the base substrate.
- SRS Safety Reinforced Separator
- the inorganic particles enable the formation of empty spaces between the inorganic particles, forming fine pores, and also serve as a kind of spacer that can maintain the physical shape.
- the inorganic particles generally have the property of not changing their physical properties even at high temperatures of 200°C or higher, the formed organic-inorganic mixed layer has excellent heat resistance.
- inorganic material with a high dielectric constant in the case of an inorganic material with a high dielectric constant, it can contribute to increasing the degree of dissociation of electrolyte salts, such as lithium salts, in the liquid electrolyte, thereby improving the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte.
- inorganic particles with thermal conductivity since they have excellent heat absorption ability, they are more preferable because they suppress the phenomenon where heat is focused locally and forms a hot point, leading to thermal runaway.
- the piezoelectric inorganic particles are insulators at normal pressure, but refer to a material that conducts electricity due to changes in its internal structure when a certain pressure is applied. It not only exhibits high dielectric constant characteristics with a dielectric constant of 100 or more, but also conducts electricity at a constant pressure. It is a material that has the function of generating a potential difference between both sides by generating an electric charge when it is stretched or compressed by applying a charge, making one side positively charged and the other side negatively charged.
- Examples of the inorganic particles having piezoelectricity include BaTiO 3 , Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT), Pb 1-x La x Zr 1-y Ti y O 3 (PLZT), PB(Mg 3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) hafnia (H f O 2 ) or a mixture thereof, but is not limited thereto.
- the inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions refer to inorganic particles that contain lithium element but do not store lithium and have the function of moving lithium ions.
- the inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions are present inside the particle structure. Since lithium ions can be transferred and moved due to a type of defect, a decrease in lithium mobility can be prevented, thereby preventing a decrease in battery capacity.
- Examples of inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions include lithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), lithium titanium phosphate (Li x Ti y (PO 4 ) 3 , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3), and lithium aluminum.
- Titanium phosphate Li (LiAlTiP) x O y series glass (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 13), lithium lanthanum titanate (Li lithium germanium thiophosphate such as 3.25 Ge 0.25 P 0.75 S 4 (Li Lithium nitride (Li x N y , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2 ) such as Li 3 N , SiS 2 series glass (Li x Si y S z , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 4), P 2 S 5 series glass such as LiI-Li 2 SP 2 S 5 (Li x P y S z , 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3 , 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 3, 0 ⁇ z ⁇ 7), or mixtures thereof, but are not limited thereto.
- Li (LiAlTiP) x O y series glass (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 4, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 13)
- lithium lanthanum titanate Li lithium german
- the thermally conductive inorganic particles are materials having insulating properties by providing low thermal resistance but no electrical conductivity, for example, aluminum nitride (AlN), boron nitride (BN), and alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC), and beryllium oxide (BeO), but is not limited thereto.
- AlN aluminum nitride
- BN boron nitride
- Al 2 O 3 alumina
- SiC silicon carbide
- BeO beryllium oxide
- the size of the inorganic particles is not limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 10 ⁇ m as much as possible to ensure appropriate porosity between the inorganic particles. If it is less than 0.001 ⁇ m, dispersibility is reduced and it is difficult to control the physical properties, and if it exceeds 10 ⁇ m, the thickness increases and mechanical properties deteriorate, and the excessively large pore size does not serve as a sufficient coating layer, making it difficult to charge and discharge the battery. The probability of internal short circuits occurring increases.
- the content of the inorganic particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 99 wt% per 100 wt% of the mixture of inorganic particles and binder, and especially 10 to 95 wt%. If it is less than 1% by weight, the content of the binder may be too high, which may reduce the pore size and porosity due to a decrease in the empty space formed between the inorganic particles, thereby reducing the mobility of lithium ions. On the other hand, if it exceeds 99% by weight, the binder content is too small and the mechanical properties of the coating layer deteriorate due to weakened adhesion between inorganic substances.
- the binder is not limited as long as it does not cause a side reaction with the electrolyte solution, but in particular, one with a glass transition temperature (Tg) as low as possible can be used, and is preferably in the range of -200 to 200°C. This is because the mechanical properties of the final insulating film can be improved.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the binder does not necessarily have to have ion conduction ability, but it is more preferable to use a polymer having ion conduction ability.
- the binder it is desirable for the binder to have as high a dielectric constant as possible.
- the binder may have the characteristic of gelling when impregnated with a liquid electrolyte and exhibiting a high degree of swelling of the electrolyte.
- the binder is a polymer with excellent electrolyte impregnation rate, the electrolyte solution injected after battery assembly permeates into the polymer, and the polymer holding the absorbed electrolyte has the ability to conduct electrolyte ions. Therefore, if possible, a polymer with a solubility index of 15 to 45 MPa 1/2 is preferred, and the ranges of 15 to 25 MPa 1/2 and 30 to 45 MPa 1/2 are more preferred. When the solubility index is less than 15 MPa 1/2 and more than 45 MPa 1/2 , it becomes difficult to be impregnated by a typical liquid electrolyte for batteries.
- binder examples include polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-cotrichloroethylene, polymethylmethacrylate, Polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylacetate, polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate, polyimide, polyethylene oxide , cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate, propionate, cyanoethylpullulan, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol, cyanoethylpolyvinylalcohol. It may be one or more selected from the group consisting of cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, pullulan, carboxyl methyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.
- the total thickness of the separator may be 5 micrometers to 20 micrometers, specifically 5 micrometers to 15 micrometers, and more specifically, 6 micrometers to 13 micrometers. If the thickness of the separator satisfies the above range, the resistance value of the lithium secondary battery can be minimized while effectively preventing a short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes. As a result, it is possible to prevent a decrease in energy density of lithium secondary batteries and improve lifespan characteristics.
- the electrode assembly 300 has a structure including a coating layer 330 between the anode 320 and the cathode 310, and a separator 340 between the coating layer 330 and the cathode 310. is shown.
- the coating layer 330 is formed by coating and drying the coating layer forming composition on the anode 320, so it can be formed to have an area corresponding to the anode 320, and the separator 340 is formed by coating the coating layer 330 and the cathode 310. ) is interposed between.
- the description of the separator 340 is the same as described above.
- the coating layer may be formed on both the anode and the cathode.
- the coating layer may be composed of a first coating layer formed on the anode and a second coating layer formed on the cathode.
- Figures 4 and 5 disclose a configuration in which the coating layer is formed on both the anode and the cathode.
- Figure 4 schematically shows an electrode assembly in which the coating layer is formed on the anode and cathode instead of a separator
- Figure 5 shows an electrode assembly in a structure in which a separator is interposed between the coating layers. It is shown schematically.
- the electrode assembly 400 has a structure in which the coating layer 431 formed on the cathode 410 and the coating layer 432 formed on the anode 420 come into contact with each other.
- coating layers 431 and 432 are positioned between the cathode 410 and the anode 420 instead of a separator, and the coating layers 431 and 432 serve as electrical insulation.
- the coating layer 431 is formed by coating and drying the coating layer forming composition on the cathode 410, so it may have an area corresponding to the cathode 410
- the coating layer 432 is a coating layer on the anode 410. Since it is formed by coating and drying the forming composition, it can have an area corresponding to the anode 420.
- the thicknesses (t 2 , t 1 ) of the coating layers 431 and 432 may be 3 micrometers to 30 micrometers, respectively, and specifically 5 micrometers to 20 micrometers. It may be a meter, more specifically 5 micrometers to 15 micrometers.
- these total thicknesses (t 1 +t 2 ) may be 10 micrometers to 50 micrometers, specifically 10 micrometers to 30 micrometers.
- the electrode assembly 500 has the same structure as that of FIG. 4 but further includes a separator 540.
- the electrode assembly 500 has coating layers 531 and 532 formed on the cathode 510 and the anode 520, respectively, and a separator (532) between the coating layers 531 and 532. 540).
- the separator 540 is as described above.
- the electrode assembly may include a separator, and the coating layer may be formed on one side or both sides of the separator.
- Figure 6 discloses a configuration in which the coating layer is formed on a separator.
- coating layers 631 and 632 are located between the cathode 610 and the anode 620, and the coating layers 631 and 632 are formed on both sides of the separator 640.
- has not shown in the drawing, of course, it may be formed only on one side of the separator, for example, the side facing the anode 620 or the side facing the cathode 610.
- the coating layers 631 and 632 are formed by coating and drying a coating layer forming composition on both sides of the separator 640, they can be formed with an area corresponding to the area of the separator 640.
- their thicknesses may be 2 micrometers to 30 micrometers, respectively, and in detail, 2 It may be from micrometers to 15 micrometers, more specifically from 2 micrometers to 10 micrometers.
- these total thicknesses may be 4 micrometers to 50 micrometers, specifically 4 micrometers to 20 micrometers.
- the lithium secondary battery of the present invention may include the electrode assembly electrolyte and a battery case.
- the electrolyte may be a non-aqueous lithium electrolyte containing a non-aqueous organic solvent and a lithium salt, or may be a flame-retardant electrolyte containing a flame-retardant solvent and a lithium salt.
- the non-aqueous organic solvent of the non-aqueous lithium electrolyte includes, for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, and dimethyl.
- the flame-retardant electrolyte may be an electrolyte that does not volatilize easily and does not catch fire. As a result, when applying the flame-retardant electrolyte to a lithium secondary battery, high temperature safety of the battery can be ensured.
- the flame-retardant electrolyte has a problem of low wetting on existing separators for lithium secondary batteries (e.g., polyolefin-based separators), but the impregnation of the flame-retardant electrolyte was improved by the coating layer according to the present invention. , flame retardant electrolyte can be used.
- the flame-retardant solvent can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- the flame retardant solvent may include one or more compounds selected from sulfone-based compounds, nitrile-based compounds, phosphoric acid-based compounds, and fluorine-substituted carbonate-based compounds.
- the sulfone-based compound may be a cyclic sulfone-based compound or a linear sulfone-based compound, and specifically, sulfolane, tetramethylene sulfone, dibutyl sulfone, ethylvinyl sulfone, methylpropyl sulfone, ethyl-i-propyl sulfone, ethyl-i- It may include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of butyl sulfone, i-propyl-i-butyl sulfone, i-propyl-s-butyl sulfone, and butyl-i-butyl sulfone.
- the nitrile-based compound may include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, succinonitrile, adiponitrile, malononitrile, glutaronitrile, suberonitrile, and sebaconitrile.
- the phosphoric acid-based compounds include dimethyl methyl phosphate, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, diethyl ethyl phosphate, dimethyl methyl phosphate, dimethyl (2-methoxyethoxy) methylphosphonate, and diethyl (2- It may include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of methoxyethoxy)methylphosphonate and triphenyl phosphate.
- the fluorine-substituted carbonate-based compounds include bis(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-propyl)carbonate, methyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate, and ethyl-2,2,2- Trifluoroethyl carbonate, propyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate, methyl-2,2,2,2',2',2'-hexafluoro-i-propyl carbonate, ethyl-2, 2,2,2',2',2'-hexafluoro-i-propyl carbonate, di-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate,.
- 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-N,N-dimethyl carbonate hexafluoro-i-propyl-N,N-dimethyl carbonate, 4-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl It may include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of poxymethyl)-[1,3]-dioxolane-2-one and bis(2,2,3,3-pentafluoro-propyl)carbonate.
- the lithium salt is used as a medium to transfer ions in a lithium secondary battery.
- Lithium salts include, for example, Li + as a cation, and F - , Cl - , Br - , I - , NO3 - , N(CN)2 - , BF 4 - , ClO 4 - , B 10 Cl as anions.
- the lithium salt is LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiB 10 Cl 10 , LiAlCl 4 , LiAlO 2 , LiPF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCH 3 CO 2 , LiCF 3 CO 2 , LiAsF 6 , LiSbF 6 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , LiFSI (Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide, LiN(SO 2 F) 2 ), LiBETI(lithium bis(perfluoroethanesulfonyl) imide, LiN(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 and LiTFSI (lithium It may contain a single substance or a mixture of two or more types selected from the group consisting of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ), but in terms of excellent stability, it contains Li(N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 It is
- lithium salts commonly used in the electrolyte of lithium secondary batteries can be used without limitation.
- the lithium salt can be appropriately changed within the commonly usable range, but in order to obtain the optimal effect of forming an anti-corrosion film on the electrode surface, the concentration in the electrolyte is 1 M to 3 M, specifically, 1 M to 2.5 M. It may be included in a concentration, more specifically, a concentration of 1 M to 2 M.
- concentration of the lithium salt satisfies the above range, the effect of improving cycle characteristics during high-temperature storage of a lithium secondary battery is sufficient, and the viscosity of the electrolyte is appropriate, so that electrolyte impregnation can be improved.
- the electrolyte includes, for example, pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphoric acid triamide, for the purpose of improving charge/discharge characteristics, flame retardancy, etc.
- Nitrobenzene derivatives, sulfur, quinone imine dyes, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N,N-substituted imidazolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol, aluminum trichloride, etc. may be added. there is.
- halogen-containing solvents such as carbon tetrachloride and ethylene trifluoride may be further included to provide incombustibility
- carbon dioxide gas may be further included to improve high-temperature preservation characteristics
- FEC Fluoro-Ethylene Carbonate
- PRS Pene sultone
- the lithium secondary battery of the present invention can be manufactured by embedding the electrode assembly together with the electrolyte in a battery case.
- the battery case may be one commonly used in the field, and there is no limit to the external shape depending on the purpose of the battery.
- it may be cylindrical, prismatic, pouch-shaped, or coin-shaped. It may be possible, but it is not limited to this.
- the lithium secondary battery according to one embodiment of the present invention can not only be used in a battery cell used as a power source for small devices, but can also be preferably used as a unit cell in a medium-to-large battery module containing a plurality of battery cells.
- Preferred examples of the medium-to-large devices include electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and energy storage systems (ESS).
- Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (D50: 0.6 micrometer): Boehmite (D50: 0.35 micrometer, zeta potential: 35 mV): Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer particle (D50: 1 micrometer) meter, zeta potential: -50mV): Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (H-NBR): N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone ( NMP) was placed in a solvent and dispersed to prepare a composition for forming a coating layer.
- H-NBR Hydrogenated nitrile rubber
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the D50 was measured at a volume accumulation rate of 50% using a laser diffraction method, and the zeta potential value was measured using an electrophoretic light scattering method using dynamic light scattering equipment.
- a copper (Cu) metal thin film with a thickness of 20 micrometers was prepared as a negative electrode current collector, and on one side of the copper metal thin film, graphite as a negative electrode active material, carbon black as a conductive material, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as a thickener, and binder were added.
- the anode slurry prepared by dispersing PVDF in water at a weight ratio of 95:1:1.5:2.5 was coated, dried, and rolled to a thickness of 75 micrometers to prepare a cathode.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode to a thickness of 30 micrometers and dried to form a coating layer.
- an electrode assembly was manufactured by arranging as shown in Figure 1 so that the coating layer and the positive active material layer of the positive electrode were in contact.
- the electrode assembly was impregnated with an electrolyte in which LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiFSI) was dissolved to 1.5 M in the flame-retardant solvent sulfolane, and placed in a battery case to manufacture a lithium secondary battery.
- LiFSI LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2
- Example 1 a composition for forming a coating layer, an anode, and a cathode were prepared.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode to a thickness of 20 micrometers and dried to form a coating layer.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on the positive active material layer of the positive electrode to a thickness of 20 micrometers and dried to form a coating layer.
- an electrode assembly was manufactured by arranging as shown in FIG. 4 so that the coating layer of the cathode and the coating layer of the anode were in contact with each other.
- the electrode assembly was impregnated with an electrolyte in which LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiFSI) was dissolved to 1.5M in the flame-retardant solvent sulfolane, and placed in a battery case to manufacture a lithium secondary battery.
- LiFSI LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2
- a composition for forming a coating layer, an anode, and a cathode were prepared as in Example 1 above.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on the positive active material layer of the positive electrode to a thickness of 20 micrometers and dried to form a coating layer.
- an electrode assembly was manufactured by arranging the coating layer of the positive electrode and the negative active material layer of the negative electrode as shown in FIG. 3 so that the negative electrode active material layer was facing each other and a separator made of polyolefin (thickness: 15 micrometers) was inserted between them.
- the electrode assembly was impregnated with an electrolyte in which LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiFSI) was dissolved to 1.5M in the flame-retardant solvent sulfolane, and placed in a battery case to manufacture a lithium secondary battery.
- LiFSI LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2
- Example 3 an electrode assembly and A lithium secondary battery was manufactured.
- a composition for forming a coating layer, an anode, and a cathode were prepared as in Example 1 above.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on both sides of a polyolefin separator (thickness: 10 micrometers) to a thickness of 10 micrometers, and dried to form a coating layer.
- an electrode assembly was manufactured by arranging the coating layer, the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode, and the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode as shown in FIG. 6 in contact with each other.
- the electrode assembly was impregnated with an electrolyte in which LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiFSI) was dissolved to 1.5M in the flame-retardant solvent sulfolane, and placed in a battery case to manufacture a lithium secondary battery.
- LiFSI LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- An electrode assembly and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition for forming the coating layer was used.
- Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (D50: 0.6 micrometer): Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer particles (D50: 1 micrometer, zeta potential: -50 mV): Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (H-NBR) ) : Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) was added and dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent so that the weight ratio was 60:20:5:15 to prepare a composition for forming a coating layer.
- PMMA Poly methyl methacrylate
- H-NBR Hydrogenated nitrile rubber
- PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- An electrode assembly and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition for forming the coating layer was used.
- Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (D50: 0.6 micrometer): Boehmite (D50: 0.35 micrometer, zeta potential: 35 mV): Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer particle (D50: 1 micrometer) meter, zeta potential: -50mV): Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (H-NBR): N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) so that the weight ratio of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is 10:60:10:5:15 NMP) was placed in a solvent and dispersed to prepare a composition for forming a coating layer.
- H-NBR Hydrogenated nitrile rubber
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- An electrode assembly and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition for forming the coating layer was used.
- An anode and a cathode were manufactured as in Example 1 above.
- the electrode assembly was manufactured like the electrode assembly of a general lithium secondary battery by placing the positive electrode active material layer of the positive electrode and the negative electrode active material layer facing each other and placing a separator made of polyolefin (thickness: 15 micrometers) between them.
- Comparative Example 1 the electrode assembly and A lithium secondary battery was manufactured.
- An anode and a cathode were manufactured as in Example 1 above.
- a composition for forming a coating layer was prepared by dispersing Al 2 O 3 (D50: 1 micrometer, zeta potential: -20 mV) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) in NMP solvent at a weight ratio of 85:15.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode to a thickness of 20 micrometers and dried to form a coating layer.
- composition for forming a coating layer was coated on the positive active material layer of the positive electrode to a thickness of 20 micrometers and dried to form a coating layer.
- an electrode assembly was manufactured by placing the coating layer of the cathode and the coating layer of the anode in contact.
- the electrode assembly was impregnated with an electrolyte in which LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 (LiFSI) was dissolved to 1.5 M in the flame-retardant solvent sulfolane, and then placed in a battery case to manufacture a lithium secondary battery.
- LiFSI LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2
- Boehmite (D50: 0.35 micrometer, zeta potential: 35 mV): Al 2 O 3 (D50: 1 micrometer, zeta potential: -20mV): weight ratio of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is 10:75:15.
- a composition for forming a coating layer was prepared by dispersing in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent.
- An electrode assembly and a lithium secondary battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition for forming the coating layer was used.
- the hot box test increases the temperature from 25°C at 5°C/min, holds at 100°C, 120°C, 140°C, 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, and 180°C for 30 minutes each, and then increases to 200°C for 2 minutes. It was carried out by increasing the temperature at °C/min.
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative example 2 Ignition temperature (°C) 193 194 206 183 188 167 170
- thermal stability of the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention is more excellent, and when a flame-retardant electrolyte is used, further improved thermal stability can be obtained. Meanwhile, thermal stability comparison In the case of hot box testing for lithium secondary batteries, the closer the charge state of the lithium secondary battery is to full charge, the lower the thermal stability becomes, so comparisons must be made in the same fully charge state. However, in the case of the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 3, it was not impregnated with an electrolyte using a flame retardant solvent from the beginning, so it could not be fully charged, making it difficult to compare thermal stability under equivalent conditions, so it was omitted from the evaluation results.
- the capacity retention rate is determined by charging each of the manufactured lithium secondary batteries to 4.2V at 0.33C constant current at 25°C and discharging to 3.0V at 0.33C constant current as one cycle, and after performing 200 cycles of charge and discharge, the initial capacity It was calculated as the ratio of capacity after 200 cycles.
- the performance of the lithium secondary battery according to the present invention is superior to Comparative Examples 2 to 4.
- the oxide solid electrolyte particles act as an electrolyte to increase the mobility of lithium ions, and the polymer particles improve the impregnability of the electrolyte.
- the electrode assembly according to the present invention has a coating layer located between the anode and the cathode, and the coating layer includes oxide-based solid electrolyte particles and at least one type from the group consisting of polymer particles and ceramic particles, so that it does not easily shrink even in a high temperature environment. Insulation between the anode and cathode is effectively maintained by the non-stick coating layer, which has the effect of improving high temperature safety.
- the coating layer according to the present invention itself has electrical insulation properties, it can not only serve as a separator without a separator, but also prevents shrinkage of the separator when used together with a separator and further improves electrical insulation. However, it can have heat resistance and is more effective in high temperature safety.
- the coating layer according to the present invention uses oxide-based solid electrolyte particles, it can serve as an electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes even if the electrolyte impregnation is somewhat low, thereby improving the resistance increase phenomenon of lithium secondary batteries. You can.
- the coating layer according to the present invention can exhibit an even more improved effect when it contains polymer particles that can be used as polymer-based solid electrolyte particles along with oxide-based solid electrolyte particles.
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Abstract
Description
| 실시예1 | 실시예2 | 실시예3 | 실시예4 | 실시예5 | 비교예1 | 비교예2 | |
| 발화 온도(℃) | 193 | 194 | 206 | 183 | 188 | 167 | 170 |
| 초기 용량(Ah) | 용량 유지율(%) | |
| 실시예 1 | 1.92 | 91 |
| 실시예 2 | 1.95 | 93 |
| 실시예 3 | 1.97 | 97 |
| 실시예 4 | 2.01 | 97 |
| 실시예 5 | 1.98 | 97 |
| 실시예 6 | 1.92 | 93 |
| 실시예 7 | 1.90 | 92 |
| 실시예 8 | 1.92 | 93 |
| 비교예 1 | 2.02 | 97 |
| 비교예 2 | 1.98 | 56 |
| 비교예 3 | 1.36 | 62 |
| 비교예 4 | 1.97 | 77 |
Claims (19)
- 양극, 음극, 상기 양극과 음극 사이에 위치하는 코팅층을 포함하고,상기 코팅층은 (a) 산화물계 고체 전해질 입자와, (b) 고분자 입자 및 세라믹 입자로 구성된 군에서 1종 이상을 포함하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 산화물계 고체 전해질 입자는 LLTO계 화합물, Li6La2CaTa2O12, Li6La2ANb2O12(A는 Ca 또는 Sr), Li2Nd3TeSbO12, Li3BO2.5N0.5, Li9SiAlO8, LAGP계 화합물, LATP계 화합물, Li1+xTi2-xAlxSiy(PO4)3-y (여기에서, 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1), LiAlxZr2-x(PO4)3 (여기에서, 0≤x≤1), LiTixZr2-x(PO4)3(여기에서, 0≤x≤1), LISICON계 화합물, LIPON계 화합물, 페롭스카이트계 화합물, 나시콘계 화합물, LLZO계 화합물, 및 LLZMO계 화합물로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 어느 하나 또는 이들 중 2 이상을 포함하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 입자 및 상기 세라믹 입자는 각각 제타 전위(zeta potential)의 절대값이 25 mV 이상인 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고분자 입자는 폴리에틸렌옥사이드(polyethylene oxide, PEO), 폴리페닐렌설파이드(polyphenylene sulfide, PPS), 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트(Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA), 폴리스티렌, 폴리염화비닐, 폴리카보네이트, 폴리술폰, 폴리에테르술폰, 폴리에테르이미드, 폴리페닐술폰, 폴리아마이드이미드, 폴리이미드, 폴리벤지미다졸, 폴리에테르케톤, 폴리프탈아미드, 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트 및 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 세라믹 입자는 보헤마이트, Al2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, SiO2, ZrO2, Co3O4, SnO2, NiO, ZnO, V2O5, 및 MnO로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 산화물계 고체 전해질 입자는 상기 코팅층 전체 중량을 기준으로 10 중량% 내지 90 중량%로 포함되는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 (a) 산화물계 고체 전해질 입자와, (b) 고분자 입자를 포함하고, 상기 고분자 입자는 폴리에틸렌옥사이드(polyethylene oxide, PEO), 폴리페닐렌설파이드(polyphenylene sulfide, PPS), 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트(Polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA), 폴리스티렌, 폴리염화비닐, 폴리카보네이트, 폴리술폰, 폴리에테르술폰, 폴리에테르이미드, 폴리페닐술폰, 폴리아마이드이미드, 폴리이미드, 폴리벤지미다졸, 폴리에테르케톤, 폴리프탈아미드, 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트 및 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트로 이루어지는 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상을 포함하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 바인더 및 분산제로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 첨가제를 더 포함하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층의 두께는 3 마이크로미터 내지 30 마이크로미터인 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 양극 상 또는 음극 상에 형성되는 것인 전극조립체.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 전극조립체는 분리막을 더 포함하고, 상기 분리막은 상기 양극 및 상기 코팅층 사이, 또는 상기 음극 및 상기 코팅층 사이에 위치하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 코팅층은 상기 양극 상에 형성된 제1 코팅층 및 상기 음극 상에 형성된 제2 코팅층으로 이루어지는 전극조립체.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 전극조립체는 분리막을 더 포함하고, 상기 분리막은 상기 제1 코팅층 및 상기 제2 코팅층 사이에 위치하는 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전극조립체는 분리막을 더 포함하고, 상기 코팅층은 상기 분리막의 일면 상 또는 양면 상에 형성된 것인 전극조립체.
- 제12항, 제14항, 및 제15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 분리막은 베이스 기재의 일면 또는 양면에 무기물 입자와 결착재를 포함하는 유무기 혼합층이 형성된 구조의 SRS 분리막인 전극조립체.
- 제1항 내지 제15항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 전극조립체, 전해질, 및 전지 케이스를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 전해질은 난연성 용매 및 리튬염을 포함하는 난연성 전해질인 리튬 이차전지.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 난연성 용매는 설폰계 화합물, 니트릴계 화합물, 인산계 화합물 및 불소가 치환된 카보네이트계 화합물로부터 선택된 1종 이상의 화합물을 포함하는 리튬 이차전지.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 리튬염은 LiN(SO2CF3)2를 포함하는 것인 리튬 이차전지.
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| EP23907799.3A EP4510275A4 (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | ASSEMBLY OF THE ELECTRODE AND SECONDARY LITHIUM BATTERY INCLUDING IT |
| CA3259368A CA3259368A1 (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY, AND SECONDARY LITHIUM BATTERY INCLUDING IT |
| CN202380045445.9A CN119343799A (zh) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | 电极组件和包含其的锂二次电池 |
| JP2024568592A JP2025517763A (ja) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-21 | 電極組立体、およびこれを含むリチウム二次電池 |
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| KR1020230187353A KR102841254B1 (ko) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-20 | 전극조립체, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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| KR20130103946A (ko) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-25 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 세퍼레이터 도포용 슬러리, 그 슬러리를 이용한 세퍼레이터 및 그를 포함하는 전기화학소자 |
| EP2648265A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2013-10-09 | Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery comprising the same |
| JP2019133841A (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 水系リチウム−空気二次電池、及び水系リチウム−空気二次電池のco2除去方法 |
| WO2019192475A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-10 | Shanghai Energy New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. | Coating slurries for preparing separators, separators for electrochemical devices and preparation methods therefor |
| KR102286808B1 (ko) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-10 | 에너에버배터리솔루션 주식회사 | 고체 전해질 입자가 코팅된 이차전지 분리막 |
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| FR3080952B1 (fr) * | 2018-05-07 | 2020-07-17 | I-Ten | Electrolyte pour dispositifs electrochimiques en couches minces |
| KR102108136B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-05-07 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 고체 전해질을 적용한 전고체 리튬이차전지 및 그의 제조방법 |
| CN114008006A (zh) * | 2019-06-19 | 2022-02-01 | 阿科玛股份有限公司 | 网状固体电解质分隔件 |
| CN112242564B (zh) * | 2019-07-16 | 2024-05-10 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 具有电容器辅助夹层的固态电池 |
| US20220238914A1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-28 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Flame-resistant quasi-solid and solid-state electrolytes, lithium batteries and manufacturing method |
| US20220255080A1 (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-11 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Flame-retardant high-elasticity polymer for lithium metal protection, lithium secondary battery and manufacturing method |
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- 2023-12-21 EP EP23907799.3A patent/EP4510275A4/en active Pending
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| EP2648265A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2013-10-09 | Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd. | Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery comprising the same |
| JP2019133841A (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 水系リチウム−空気二次電池、及び水系リチウム−空気二次電池のco2除去方法 |
| WO2019192475A1 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-10 | Shanghai Energy New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. | Coating slurries for preparing separators, separators for electrochemical devices and preparation methods therefor |
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| EP4510275A1 (en) | 2025-02-19 |
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