WO2024140152A1 - 基站天线及基站系统 - Google Patents

基站天线及基站系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024140152A1
WO2024140152A1 PCT/CN2023/138061 CN2023138061W WO2024140152A1 WO 2024140152 A1 WO2024140152 A1 WO 2024140152A1 CN 2023138061 W CN2023138061 W CN 2023138061W WO 2024140152 A1 WO2024140152 A1 WO 2024140152A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal
base station
cavity
station antenna
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/138061
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜子静
常玉林
黄臣
袁宇阳
肖伟宏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP23910082.9A priority Critical patent/EP4625700A4/en
Publication of WO2024140152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024140152A1/zh
Priority to US19/253,127 priority patent/US20250329916A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/526Electromagnetic shields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the existing base station antenna feed network generally uses coaxial cable as the feed line, and uses discrete phase shifters to adjust the input phase of each antenna element to achieve beam steering.
  • the existing feed network is complex to install and has many processes, which leads to increased labor costs and reduced product performance consistency; in addition, the dielectric loss of the coaxial cable and the insertion loss of the discrete phase shifter are large, resulting in reduced antenna performance.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides a base station antenna, comprising:
  • the antenna element is connected to one end of the dielectric body extending out of the metal cavity, and the antenna element is connected to one end of the metal strip line extending out of the metal cavity.
  • the base station antenna also includes a metal partition, at least a portion of which is disposed in the metal cavity so that the metal cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the portion of the metal partition extending out of the metal cavity is connected to the antenna element.
  • the metal strip line includes a first strip line and a second strip line, at least a portion of the first strip line is arranged in the first cavity, and at least a portion of the second strip line is arranged in the second cavity;
  • the dielectric body includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate, at least a portion of the first dielectric substrate is arranged in the first cavity, and at least a portion of the second dielectric substrate is arranged in the second cavity;
  • the first cavity, the first strip line, the first dielectric substrate and the metal partition constitute a first feeding network, and the second cavity, the second strip line, the second dielectric substrate and the metal partition constitute a second feeding network;
  • the antenna element includes a first polarization arm and a second polarization arm, the first polarization arm and the second polarization arm are respectively located on both sides of the metal partition, the first polarization arm is connected to the first feeding network to constitute a first polarization of the base station antenna, and the second polarization arm is connected to the second feeding network
  • the metal partition is electrically connected to the bottom of the metal cavity by welding or coupling.
  • the metal partition can be directly connected to the bottom of the metal cavity by welding, or a certain gap can be maintained between the metal partition and the bottom of the metal cavity. There is no physical connection between the bottoms of the metal cavities, forming a coupled connection mode.
  • the specific setting mode of the metal partition can be flexibly set according to the actual application situation, which facilitates the operation.
  • the base station antenna further includes an electrical connector, a gap is maintained between the metal partition and the metal cavity, and the metal partition is electrically connected to the reflector through the electrical connector.
  • the electrical connector can be a metal part with conductive function, such as a metal plate, a metal film, a conductive wire, etc.
  • the electrical connector can be connected to a reflective plate at one end and connected to a metal partition at the other end. It can also be an electrical connector that spans the opening side of the metal cavity, so that its two ends are respectively connected to the two sides of the metal cavity opening, and the middle part of the electrical connector can be directly connected to the metal partition.
  • there can be a protrusion on the metal partition so that the protrusion can be inserted into the hole of the electrical connector and can reliably contact the inner wall of the hole.
  • the first strip line includes a first feed line and a second feed line, one end of the first feed line is connected to the first polarization arm, and the other end of the first feed line is welded or coupled to the second feed line.
  • the first feeder can be welded on the first polarization arm, and the second feeder can feed the first polarization arm through the first feeder, and can also be used as a part of the feeding network to achieve phase adjustment.
  • the first feeder and the second feeder can be directly connected by welding, or can be electrically connected by coupling.
  • the materials of the first feeder and the second feeder can be the same or different, for example, aluminum, copper, etc.
  • the second strip line includes a third feed line and a fourth feed line, one end of the third feed line is connected to the second polarization arm, and the other end of the fourth feed line is welded or coupled to the third feed line.
  • the sliding medium is disposed in at least one of the first cavity and the second cavity.
  • the sliding medium may be disposed only in the first cavity or the second cavity, and the dual-polarized antenna may be realized by adjusting the phase in the first cavity or the second cavity.
  • the sliding medium may be disposed in both the first cavity and the second cavity, so that the phase may be adjusted in the first cavity and the second cavity respectively to realize dual polarization.
  • the first plate, the second plate and the third plate can be independently processed and manufactured, and form a reflector through assembly.
  • the first plate can be bent to form a metal cavity through a bending process, and the second plate and the third plate can be designed according to the radiation area and other dimensions of the antenna vibrator to ensure that the second plate and the third plate have a sufficiently large reflection surface to ensure the reflection effect of electromagnetic waves.
  • the first plate is coupled with the second plate and the third plate respectively, so that the first plate can be easily disassembled and assembled with the second plate and the third plate, and the edges can be maintained separately, which is also convenient for separate processing, manufacturing and transportation management.
  • the first plate is provided with a first flange and a second flange on both sides of the metal cavity width direction; the second plate is coupled to the first flange, and the third plate is coupled to the second flange.
  • the first flange and the second flange can provide a larger connection area, which can ensure the coupling effect between the second plate and the third plate and the first flange and the second flange respectively.
  • the base station antenna includes a shielding structure, which is connected to the reflective plate and covers the opening of the metal cavity.
  • the shielding structure is a metal plate or a metal film, so as to obtain a good shielding effect.
  • the shielding structure is connected to the reflector plate by welding, coupling or by a connector, so as to ensure the reliability of the connection and fixation between the shielding structure and the reflector plate.
  • the shielding structure is in the shape of a square, a rectangle or a grid.
  • the shielding structure can shield electromagnetic waves from entering the metal cavity.
  • the shielding structure can be in the shape of a square or a rectangle, so as to facilitate processing, manufacturing and assembly.
  • a plurality of shielding structures can be provided, and some adjacent shielding structures can have a gap between them to ensure that the shielding structure is not too large.
  • Metal partitions and other components are avoided, and some adjacent shielding structures can be in direct contact with each other without gaps, so as to improve the shielding effect.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station system provided in this embodiment.
  • FIG2 is an internal block diagram of a base station antenna provided in this embodiment
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna provided in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is an enlarged view of point A in FIG5 ;
  • FIG8 is another side view of a base station antenna provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is an enlarged view of FIG9 at B;
  • FIG11 is a side view of a base station antenna provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or explained, the term “plurality” refers to two or more; the terms “connected” and “fixed” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “connected” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, which can be used in a base station system.
  • the base station system and the base station antenna can be used in radar, broadcasting, communication and other fields.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base station system provided in the present embodiment.
  • the base station system is composed of a base station antenna 100, an antenna adjustment bracket 200, a fixing rod 300, a joint seal 400, a grounding device 500, etc.
  • the base station system is an interface device for wireless communication, which can exchange information with communication terminals in the area.
  • Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a base station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a side view of a base station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the base station antenna 100 includes a reflector 1, a dielectric body 2, a metal strip line 3, a sliding dielectric 4 and an antenna vibrator 5.
  • the dielectric body 2 can be a dielectric board made of flame retardant material (FR-4), a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, etc.
  • FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame retardant material
  • the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board.
  • a plurality of antenna elements 5 may be provided, and the plurality of antenna elements 5 are evenly arranged in a straight line on the reflector 1 to form an antenna array.
  • the base station antenna further includes a metal partition 6, at least a portion of which is disposed in the metal cavity 11, so that the metal cavity 11 is separated into a first cavity 111 and a second cavity 112.
  • the metal partition 6 may be disposed in the middle of the metal cavity 11 along the width direction of the metal cavity 11, so that the separated first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112 form a symmetrical structure, so as to achieve dual polarization.
  • the metal strip line 3 includes a first strip line 31 and a second strip line 32, at least a portion of the first strip line 31 is disposed in the first cavity 111, and at least a portion of the second strip line 32 is disposed in the second cavity 112.
  • the dielectric body 2 includes a first dielectric substrate 21 and a second dielectric substrate 22, at least a portion of the first dielectric substrate 21 is disposed in the first cavity 111, and at least a portion of the second dielectric substrate 22 is disposed in the second cavity 112.
  • this embodiment can form two feeding networks in the metal cavity 11 through a metal partition 6, which can feed the first polarization arm 51 and the second polarization arm 52 of the antenna element 5 respectively, thereby realizing dual polarization of the antenna, with simple structure and assembly manufacturing process and high integration.
  • Figure 8 is another side view of the base station antenna provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the bottom of the metal partition 6 can also be in direct contact with the bottom of the metal cavity 11, and the metal partition 6 is also electrically connected to the reflector 1 through the electrical connector 7, thereby ensuring the reliability of the grounding of the metal partition 6.
  • the first feeder line 311 and the second feeder line 312 can be an integrated structure, that is, the first feeder line 311 and the second feeder line 312 are respectively two parts of the first strip line 31, the first feeder line 311 is the part of the first strip line 31 extending out of the metal cavity 11, and the second feeder line 312 is the part of the first strip line 31 located in the metal cavity 11.
  • the second strip line 32 includes a third feeder 321 and a fourth feeder 322, one end of the third feeder 321 is connected to the second polarization arm 52, and the other end of the fourth feeder 322 is welded or coupled to the third feeder 321.
  • the connection relationship and function between the third feeder 321 and the fourth feeder 322 are consistent with those of the first feeder 311 and the second feeder 312, and are not described in detail herein.
  • the first strip line 31 is an integrally formed structure
  • the second strip line 32 is an integrally formed structure.
  • the first strip line 31 and the second strip line 32 can be whole strip lines, such as copper strip lines, aluminum strip lines, etc., so as to facilitate processing, manufacturing and assembly.
  • a sliding medium 4 is provided in at least one of the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112.
  • the sliding medium 4 can be provided only in the first cavity 111 or the second cavity 112, and the dual-polarized antenna can be realized by adjusting the phase in the first cavity 111 or the second cavity 112.
  • the sliding medium 4 can also be provided in both the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112, so that the phase can be adjusted in the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112 respectively to realize dual polarization.
  • the sliding medium 4 can be controlled to move by a structure such as a pull rod.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna provided by another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG10 is an enlarged view at B in FIG9
  • FIG11 is a side view of a base station antenna provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • the reflector 1 includes a first plate 12, a second plate 13, and a third plate 14.
  • the first plate 12 is provided with a metal cavity 11, and the second plate 13 and the third plate 14 are respectively provided on both sides of the first plate 12 in the width direction, and the second plate 13 and the third plate 14 are respectively coupled to the first plate 12, and the coupling connection can maintain a certain gap between the second plate 13 and the third plate 14 and the first plate 12.
  • the first plate 12 may be directly connected to the second plate 13 and the third plate 14 respectively through welding or other processes, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first plate 12 is provided with a first flange 121 and a second flange 122 on both sides in the width direction of the metal cavity 11, the second plate 13 is coupled to the first flange 121, and the third plate 14 is coupled to the second flange 122.
  • the first flange 121 and the second flange 122 can provide a larger connection area, which can ensure the coupling effect between the second plate 13 and the third plate 14 and the first flange 121 and the second flange 122, respectively.
  • the second plate 13 and the third plate 14 can be connected to the first plate 12 through an insulating bracket.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种基站天线及基站系统,其中,该基站天线包括反射板、介质体、金属带线、滑动介质和天线振子,反射板设置有金属腔,金属腔具有开口,开口的方向朝向反射板的正面的一侧;金属带线设置于介质体,且金属带线的一端设置于金属腔内,金属带线的另一端伸出于金属腔;滑动介质的至少部分滑动设置于金属腔内;天线振子连接于金属带线伸出于金属腔的一端。本申请通过形成有金属腔的反射板的结构,既可以实现反射板对电磁波的反射功能,又可以作为馈电网络的一部分,从而提升了基站天线的集成度,有利于基站天线能够小型化,且馈电网络及天线振子均连接于该反射板,使该基站天线的结构简化,减小了损耗,降低了成本。

Description

基站天线及基站系统 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种基站天线及基站系统。
背景技术
现有的基站天线的馈电网络一般采用同轴电缆作为馈线,采用分立式移相器来调整各天线振子的输入相位以实现波束调控。但是,现有的馈电网络安装复杂、工序多,导致工时成本增加、产品性能一致性降低;此外,同轴电缆的介质损耗与分立式移相器的插入损耗较大,导致天线整机性能下降。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种基站天线及基站系统,以解决上述现有基站天线的馈电网络安装复杂、成本高、一致性不佳以及损耗大的问题。。
本申请第一方面提供了一种基站天线,其中,包括:
反射板,所述反射板设置有金属腔,所述金属腔具有开口,所述开口的方向朝向所述反射板的正面的一侧;
介质体,所述介质体的一端设置于所述金属腔内,所述介质体的另一端伸出于所述金属腔;
金属带线,设置于所述介质体,且所述金属带线的一端设置于所述金属腔内,所述金属带线的另一端伸出于所述金属腔;
滑动介质,所述滑动介质的至少部分滑动设置于所述金属腔内;
天线振子,所述天线振子连接于所述介质体伸出于所述金属腔的一端,且所述天线振子连接于所述金属带线伸出于所述金属腔的一端。
本申请提供的基站天线,通过使反射板弯折形成一种半开放式的金属腔,在金属腔内可以布置介质体、金属带线及滑动介质,使金属腔、介质体、金属带线及滑动介质能够构成一种馈电网络,且金属腔可以作为移相器的腔体,反射板上位于金属腔以外的部分可以实现对天线振子电磁波的反射,也就是说,本申请中的形成有金属腔的反射板的结构,既可以实现反射板对电磁波的反射功能,又可以作为馈电网络的一部分,从而提升了基站天线的集成度,有利于基站天线能够小型化,且馈电网络及天线振子均连接于该反射板,使该基站天线的结构简化,减小了损耗,降低了成本。
在一种可能的设计中,所述基站天线还包括金属隔板,所述金属隔板的至少部分设置于所述金属腔,使所述金属腔被分隔为第一腔和第二腔,所述金属隔板伸出于所述金属腔的部分与所述天线振子连接。
其中,该金属隔板可以同时作为天线振子和馈电网络的共用地,无需采用传统的焊接工艺连接天线振子和馈电网络,提升了基站天线的集成度,便于加工制造,节省成本。
在一种可能的设计中,所述金属带线包括第一带线和第二带线,所述第一带线的至少部分设置于所述第一腔,所述第二带线的至少部分设置于所述第二腔;所述介质体包括第一介质基板和第二介质基板,所述第一介质基板的至少部分设置于所述第一腔,所述第二介质基板的至少部分设置于所述第二腔;所述第一腔、所述第一带线、所述第一介质基板和所述金属隔板构成第一馈电网络,所述第二腔、所述第二带线、所述第二介质基板和所述金属隔板构成第二馈电网络;所述天线振子包括第一极化臂和第二极化臂,所述第一极化臂和所述第二极化臂分别位于所述金属隔板的两侧,所述第一极化臂与所述第一馈电网络连接,以构成所述基站天线的第一极化,所述第二极化臂与所述第二馈电网络连接,以构成所述基站天线的第二极化。
其中,第一腔、第一带线、第一介质基板和金属隔板构成第一馈电网络,第二腔、第二带线、第二介质基板和金属隔板构成第二馈电网络,该第一馈电网络可以为第一极化臂馈电,第二馈电网络可以为第二极化臂馈电,从而可以实现基站天线的双极化。
在一种可能的设计中,所述金属隔板与所述金属腔的底部通过焊接或耦合的方式电连接。金属隔板可以通过焊接工艺与金属腔的底部直接连接,还可以与金属腔的底部保持有一定的间隙,使金属隔板与 金属腔的底部之间无物理连接,形成一种耦合连接的方式。该金属隔板的具体设置方式可以根据实际应用情况灵活设置,方便了操作。
在一种可能的设计中,所述基站天线还包括电气连接件,所述金属隔板与所述金属腔之间保持有间隙,所述金属隔板通过所述电气连接件与所述反射板电连接。
其中,该电气连接件可以为具有导电功能的金属件,例如金属板、金属膜、导电线等,该电气连接件可以是一端连接在反射板上,另一端连接在金属隔板上,还可以是电气连接件横跨金属腔的开口侧,使其两端分别连接在金属腔开口的两侧部位,而电气连接件的中间部位可以与金属隔板直接连接,例如,当电气连接件上具有孔时,金属隔板上可以具有凸起,使凸起能够插入至电气连接件的孔中,并能够与孔的内壁可靠接触。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第一带线包括第一馈电线和第二馈电线,所述第一馈电线的一端与所述第一极化臂连接,所述第一馈电线的另一端与所述第二馈电线焊接或耦合连接。
该第一馈电线可以焊接在第一极化臂上,第二馈电线可以通过第一馈电线为第一极化臂馈电,还可以作为馈电网络的一部分,以实现相位调节。第一馈电线与第二馈电线之间可以通过焊接工艺直接连接,也可以采用耦合的方式电性连接,第一馈电线和第二馈电线的材料可以相同,也可以不同,例如可以为铝、铜等材料。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第二带线包括第三馈电线和第四馈电线,所述第三馈电线的一端与所述第二极化臂连接,所述第四馈电线的另一端与所述第三馈电线焊接或耦合连接。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第一带线为一体成型结构,所述第二带线为一体成型结构。第一带线和第二带线可以分别为整条的带线,例如铜制带线、铝制带线等,从而便于加工制造及组装。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第一腔和所述第二腔中的至少一者内设置有所述滑动介质。
其中,滑动介质可以仅设置于第一腔或第二腔中,可以通过在第一腔或第二腔中调节相位来实现双极化天线。当然,还可以在第一腔和第二腔中均设置有滑动介质,从而可以分别在第一腔和第二腔中调节相位,以实现双极化。
在一种可能的设计中,所述反射板通过折弯工艺形成所述金属腔,从而方便了加工制造,且能够实现反射板的一体化,提升结构可靠性。
在一种可能的设计中,所述反射板包括第一板、第二板和第三板,所述第一板设置有所述金属腔,所述第二板和所述第三板分别设置于所述第一板在宽度方向的两侧,且所述第二板和所述第三板分别与所述第一板耦合连接。
其中,第一板、第二板和第三板分别可以独立加工制造,并通过组装的方式构成反射板。第一板可以通过折弯工艺弯折形成出金属腔,第二板和第三板可以根据天线振子的辐射面积等尺寸进行设计,以保证第二板和第三板具有足够大的反射面,保证对电磁波的反射效果。其中,第一板分别与第二板、第三板耦合连接,从而可以便于第一板与第二板、第三板之间的拆装,边缘单独维护,同时也便于单独加工制造及运输管理。
在一种可能的设计中,所述第一板在所述金属腔宽度方向上的两侧分别设置有第一翻边和第二翻边;所述第二板与所述第一翻边耦合连接,所述第三板与所述第二翻边耦合连接。其中,第一翻边和第二翻边可以提供较大的连接面积,能够保证第二板和第三板分别与第一翻边和第二翻边的耦合效果。
在一种可能的设计中,所述基站天线包括屏蔽结构,所述屏蔽结构连接于所述反射板,且覆盖于所述金属腔的开口上方。
其中,通过在金属腔开口的一侧设置屏蔽结构,可以通过屏蔽结构对金属腔进行遮挡,能够有效防止高频天线的能量辐射到金属腔内而产生谐振,由此,通过设置屏蔽结构可以保证低频天线和高频天线均能够正常工作。
在一种可能的设计中,所述屏蔽结构为金属板或金属膜。从而可以获得良好的屏蔽效果。
在一种可能的设计中,所述屏蔽结构与所述反射板焊接连接、耦合连接或通过连接件连接。从而能够保证屏蔽结构与反射板连接固定的可靠性。
在一种可能的设计中,所述屏蔽结构为正方形、长方形或网格形。当屏蔽结构覆盖在金属腔的开口上方时,均能够起到屏蔽电磁波进入金属腔内部的效果。其中,该屏蔽结构可以为正方形或长方形,从而便于加工制造和组装,该屏蔽结构可以设置有多个,部分相邻两个屏蔽结构之间可以具有间隙,以对 金属隔板等部件进行避让,部分相邻两个屏蔽结构之间可以直接接触,没有间隙,以提升屏蔽效果。
本申请的第二方面还提供了一种基站系统,其中,包括本申请第一方面提供的基站天线。
应当理解的是,以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的,并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为本实施例提供的基站系统的结构示意图;
图2为本实施例提供的基站天线的内部框图;
图3为本申请一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图;
图4为本申请一种实施例提供的基站天线的侧视图;
图5为本申请另一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图;
图6为图5中在A处的放大图;
图7为本申请另一种实施例提供的基站天线的一种侧视图;
图8为本申请另一种实施例提供的基站天线的另一种侧视图;
图9为本申请又一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图;
图10为图9中在B处的放大图;
图11为本申请又一种实施例提供的基站天线的侧视图;
图12为本申请再一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图;
图13为图12中在C处的放大图;
图14为本申请再一种实施例提供的基站天线的侧视图。
附图标记:
100-基站天线;
101-天线振子阵列;
102-馈电网络;
103-移相器;
104-传动网络;
105-合路器;
106-天线接头;
107-天线罩;
200-天线调整支架;
300-固定杆;
400-接头密封件;
500-接地装置;
1-反射板;
11-金属腔;
111-第一腔;
112-第二腔;
113-开口;
12-第一板;
121-第一翻边;
122-第二翻边;
13-第二板;
14-第三板;
2-介质体;
21-第一介质基板;
211-第一段;
212-第二段;
22-第二介质基板;
3-金属带线;
31-第一带线;
311-第一馈电线;
312-第二馈电线;
32-第二带线;
321-第三馈电线;
322-第四馈电线;
4-滑动介质;
5-天线振子;
51-第一极化臂;
52-第二极化臂;
6-金属隔板;
7-电气连接件;
8-屏蔽结构。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本申请的实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本申请的技术方案,下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细描述。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。
在本申请的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述的目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性;除非另有规定或说明,术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上;术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解,例如,“连接”可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接,或电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
现有的基站天线的馈电网络一般采用同轴电缆作为馈线,采用分立式移相器来调整各天线振子的输入相位以实现波束调控。馈电网络与天线振子通过焊接的方式实现电气连接。业界现有的实施方案安装复杂、工序多,导致工时成本的增加以及产品性能一致性的降低;另一方面,同轴电缆的介质损耗较大,导致基站天线整机增益降低。此外,馈电网络与振子采用了分立架构,导致整机集成度降低、工时成本上升、损耗增大。因此,研究并设计具有高集成度、简洁化、低损耗、低成本特点的通信天线系统具有重要意义。
本申请实施例提供了一种基站天线,该基站天线能够应用于基站系统中。其中,该基站系统及基站天线可以应用于雷达、广播和通信等领域。图1为本实施例提供的基站系统的结构示意图,参照图1,基站系统由基站天线100、天线调整支架200、固定杆300、接头密封件400、接地装置500等组成,基站系统是无线通信的接口设备,能够与所在区域内的通信终端进行交互信息的工作。
图2为本实施例提供的基站天线的内部框图,参照图2,基站天线由天线振子阵列101、移相器103、传动网络104或校准网络、合路器105或者波动器和天线罩107组成。天线振子阵列包括多个天线振子5,天线振子阵列101通过由移相器103、传动网络104和合路器105组成的馈电网络102接收或发射射频信号。馈电网络102能够将射频信号按照一定的幅度、相位馈送到天线振子阵列101,或者将天线振子阵列101接收到的无线信号按照一定的幅度、相位通过天线接头106发送到基站系统的信号处理单元。天线罩107可以保护内部组件免受外部环境中电磁干扰和外部异物损坏等风险。
具体地,图3为本申请一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图,图4为本申请一种实施例提供的基站天线的侧视图,参照图3和图4,基站天线100包括反射板1、介质体2、金属带线3、滑动介质4和天线振子5。
其中,反射板1为金属钣金件,可以对天线振子5电磁波进行反射。能够提高天线信号的接收灵敏度,把天线信号反射聚集在接收点上。不但大大增强了天线的接收/发射能力,还起到阻挡、 屏蔽来自后向(反方向)的其它电波对接收信号的干扰作用。
天线振子5是天线中用于接收/发送电磁波辐射的装置。在某些情况下,狭义来理解“天线”即为辐射体,其将来自发射机的导波能量较变为无线电波,或者将无线电波转换为导波能量,用来辐射和接收无线电波。发射机所产生的已调制的高频电流能量(或导波能量)经馈电线传输到发射天线振子5,通过天线振子5将其转换为某种极化的电磁波能量,并向所需方向辐射出去。接收天线振子5将来自空间特定方向的某种极化的电磁波能量又转换为已调制的高频电流能量,经馈电线输送到接收机输入端。
本实施例中,该天线振子5位于反射板1的正面一侧,且与反射板1之间具有一定的距离,使天线振子5朝向反射板1所在方向辐射的电磁波能够被反射板1所反射,使天线振子5向背离反射板1一侧辐射的能量得到增强。
介质体2可以为采用耐燃材料(FR-4)介质板,也可以采用罗杰斯(Rogers)介质板,也可以采用Rogers和FR-4的混合介质板,等等。这里,FR-4是一种耐燃材料等级的代号,Rogers介质板是一种高频板。
滑动介质4可以为介电常数较高且稳定的绝缘介质。当滑动介质4滑动时,不同端口可以得到设定比例的相位变化量。
本实施例中,参照图4,反射板1设置有金属腔11,金属腔11具有开口113,开口113的方向朝向反射板1的正面的一侧,反射板1的正面为天线振子5所在一侧的表面。
反射板1为金属材料的金属板,使反射板1能够弯折形成该金属腔11,该金属腔11的开口113方向朝向天线振子5所在的一侧,使金属腔11形成一种半开放式的腔体结构,在金属腔11内可以布置介质体2、金属带线3及滑动介质4,使金属腔11、介质体2、金属带线3及滑动介质4能够构成一种馈电网络,且金属腔11可以作为移相器的腔体,反射板1上位于金属腔11以外的部分可以实现对天线振子5电磁波的反射,也就是说,本实施例中的形成有金属腔11的反射板1的结构,既可以实现反射板1对电磁波的反射功能,又可以作为馈电网络的一部分,从而提升了基站天线的集成度,有利于基站天线能够小型化,且馈电网络及天线振子5均连接于该反射板1,使该基站天线的结构简化,减小了损耗,降低了成本。
具体地,介质体2高度大于金属腔11的深度,使介质体2的一端设置于金属腔11内,介质体2的另一端伸出于金属腔11,天线振子5能够连接于介质体2伸出于金属腔11的一端,通过介质体2可以使天线振子5与反射板1之间保持有一定的间距,有利于对电磁波的反射。金属带线3设置于介质体2,且金属带线3的一端设置于金属腔11内,金属带线3的另一端伸出于金属腔11,金属带线3可以为天线振子5馈电,且金属带线3位于金属腔11中的部分可以配合滑动介质4实现相位调节。
本实施例中,参照图3,该天线振子5可以设置有多个,多个天线振子5在反射板1上呈一字型均匀排列,形成天线阵列。
作为一种具体的实现方式,反射板1可以通过折弯工艺弯折形成金属腔11,可以理解的是,反射板1可以为金属板,例如铝板,通过钣金折弯工艺可以将平板状的金属板弯折成设定的形状,本实施例中,反射板1能够被直接弯折形成金属腔11,从而方便了加工制造,且能够实现反射板1的一体化,提升结构可靠性。
作为一种具体的实现方式,参照图4,基站天线还包括金属隔板6,金属隔板6的至少部分设置于金属腔11,使金属腔11被分隔为第一腔111和第二腔112。该金属隔板6可以沿金属腔11的宽度方向设置于金属腔11的中间位置处,以使分隔出的第一腔111和第二腔112形成对称结构,以实现双极化。
传统的天线单元和馈电网络分别为单独的组件,需要分别单独加工制造后,再通过焊接等工艺将天线单元的馈电点和馈电网络的馈电端口连接,组装复杂,且一致性差。本实施例中,该金属隔板6为一整体结构,其位于金属腔11内的部分可以作为馈电网络的一部分,而伸出于金属腔11的部分则可以连接天线振子5,由此,该金属隔板6可以同时作为天线振子5和馈电网络的共用地,无需采用传统的焊接工艺连接天线振子5和馈电网络,提升了基站天线的集成度,便于加工制造,节省成本。
参照图4,天线振子5包括第一极化臂51和第二极化臂52,第一极化臂51和第二极化臂52分别位于金属隔板6在宽度方向的两侧,第一极化臂51与第一馈电网络连接,以构成基站天线的第一极化,第二极化臂52与第二馈电网络连接,以构成基站天线的第二极化,从而可以构造出双极化天线。
参照图4,金属带线3包括第一带线31和第二带线32,第一带线31的至少部分设置于第一腔111,第二带线32的至少部分设置于第二腔112。介质体2包括第一介质基板21和第二介质基板22,第一介质基板21的至少部分设置于第一腔111,第二介质基板22的至少部分设置于第二腔112。其中,第一腔111、第一带线31、第一介质基板21和金属隔板6构成第一馈电网络,第二腔112、第二带线32、第二介质基板22和金属隔板6构成第二馈电网络,该第一馈电网络可以为第一极化臂51馈电,第二馈电网络可以为第二极化臂52馈电,从而可以实现基站天线的双极化。
由此,本实施例可以通过一个金属隔板6,即可实现在金属腔11中构成两个馈电网络,可以分别为天线振子5的第一极化臂51和第二极化臂52馈电,能够实现天线的双极化,结构及组装制造工艺简单,集成度高。
其中,为了便于加工制造,第一介质基板21和第二介质基板22均可以为一体成型结构。当然,在其它一些实施例中,参照图4,第一介质基板21可以包括第一段211和第二段212,第一段211设置于金属腔11内,以作为馈电网络的一部分;第二段212设置于金属腔11外,用于与天线振子5连接。第一段211和第二段212可以直接接触连接,也可以相互无接触,形成耦合结构,以便于对第一段211或第二段212单独拆装维护。第二介质基板22可以与第一介质基板21具有相同的结构及设置方式,本实施例不再赘述。
作为一种具体的实现方式,金属隔板6与金属腔11的底部通过焊接或耦合的方式电连接。也就是说,参照图4,金属隔板6可以通过焊接工艺与金属腔11的底部直接连接;参照图7,金属隔板6还可以与金属腔11的底部保持有一定的间隙,使金属隔板6与金属腔11的底部之间无物理连接,形成一种耦合连接的方式。该金属隔板6的具体设置方式可以根据实际应用情况灵活设置,方便了操作。
在其它一些实施例中,图5为本申请另一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图,图6为图5中在A处的放大图,图7为本申请另一种实施例提供的基站天线的一种侧视图,参照图5至图7,基站天线还包括电气连接件7,金属隔板6与金属腔11之间保持有间隙,金属隔板6通过电气连接件7与反射板1电连接。
其中,该电气连接件7可以为具有导电功能的金属件,例如金属板、金属膜、导电线等,该电气连接件7可以是一端连接在反射板1上,另一端连接在金属隔板6上,参照图7,还可以是电气连接件7横跨金属腔11的开口113侧,使其两端分别连接在金属腔11开口113的两侧部位,而电气连接件7的中间部位可以与金属隔板6直接连接,例如,当电气连接件7上具有孔时,金属隔板6上可以具有凸起,使凸起能够插入至电气连接件7的孔中,并能够与孔的内壁可靠接触。
此外,图8为本申请另一种实施例提供的基站天线的另一种侧视图,参照图8,还可以是金属隔板6的底部与金属腔11的底部直接接触,同时金属隔板6还通过电气连接件7与反射板1电连接,从而可以保证金属隔板6接地的可靠性。
作为一种具体的实现方式,参照图4,第一带线31包括第一馈电线311和第二馈电线312,第一馈电线311的一端与第一极化臂51连接,第一馈电线311的另一端与第二馈电线312焊接或耦合连接。
其中,该第一馈电线311可以焊接在第一极化臂51上,第二馈电线312可以通过第一馈电线311为第一极化臂51馈电,还可以作为馈电网络的一部分,以实现相位调节。第一馈电线311与第二馈电线312之间可以通过焊接工艺直接连接,也可以采用耦合的方式电性连接,第一馈电线311和第二馈电线312的材料可以相同,也可以不同,例如可以为铝、铜等材料。
当然,为了便于加工制造及安装,第一馈电线311和第二馈电线312可以为一体结构,即第一馈电线311和第二馈电线312分别为第一带线31的两个部位,第一馈电线311为第一带线31上伸出于金属腔11的部位,第二馈电线312为第一带线31上位于金属腔11内的部位。
同样地,第二带线32包括第三馈电线321和第四馈电线322,第三馈电线321的一端与第二极化臂52连接,第四馈电线322的另一端与第三馈电线321焊接或耦合连接。其中,第三馈电线321和第四馈电线322之间的连接关系及功能与第一馈电线311和第二馈电线312一致,在此不再赘述。
作为一种具体的实现方式,第一带线31为一体成型结构,第二带线32为一体成型结构。第一带线31和第二带线32可以分别为整条的带线,例如铜制带线、铝制带线等,从而便于加工制造及组装。
作为一种具体的实现方式,第一腔111和第二腔112中的至少一者内设置有滑动介质4。示例性地,滑动介质4可以仅设置于第一腔111或第二腔112中,可以通过在第一腔111或第二腔112中调节相位来实现双极化天线。当然,还可以在第一腔111和第二腔112中均设置有滑动介质4,从而可以分别在第一腔111和第二腔112中调节相位,以实现双极化。其中,滑动介质4可以通过拉杆等结构件控制移动。
作为一种具体的实现方式,图9为本申请又一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图,图10为图9中在B处的放大图,图11为本申请又一种实施例提供的基站天线的侧视图,参照图9至图11,反射板1包括第一板12、第二板13和第三板14,第一板12设置有金属腔11,第二板13和第三板14分别设置于第一板12在宽度方向的两侧,且第二板13和第三板14分别与第一板12耦合连接,该耦合连接可以使第二板13和第三板14分别与第一板12之间保持有一定的间隙。本实施例中,第一板12、第二板13和第三板14分别可以独立加工制造,并通过组装的方式构成反射板1。其中,第一板12可以通过折弯工艺弯折形成出金属腔11,第二板13和第三板14可以根据天线振子5的辐射面积等尺寸进行设计,以保证第二板13和第三板14具有足够大的反射面,保证对电磁波的反射效果。其中,第一板12分别与第二板13、第三板14耦合连接,从而可以便于第一板12与第二板13、第三板14之间的拆装,边缘单独维护,同时也便于单独加工制造及运输管理。
此外,在其它一些实施例中,第一板12可以分别与第二板13、第三板14通过焊接等工艺直接连接,对此本实施例不做限定。
具体地,参照图11,第一板12在金属腔11宽度方向上的两侧分别设置有第一翻边121和第二翻边122,第二板13与第一翻边121耦合连接,第三板14与第二翻边122耦合连接。第一翻边121和第二翻边122可以提供较大的连接面积,能够保证第二板13和第三板14分别与第一翻边121和第二翻边122的耦合效果。其中,第二板13和第三板14可以通过绝缘支架连接在第一板12上。
作为一种具体的实现方式,图12为本申请再一种实施例提供的基站天线的结构示意图,图13为图12中在C处的放大图,图14为本申请再一种实施例提供的基站天线的侧视图,参照图12至图14,基站天线包括屏蔽结构8,屏蔽结构8连接于反射板1,且覆盖于金属腔11的开口113上方。
天线振子5和馈电网络可以构成高频天线或低频天线,两种天线的工作频段不同,金属腔11的结构对于两种天线会带来不同的影响。例如,如果金属腔11的深度较深,可以使低频天线正常工作,但对于高频天线而言,过深的金属腔11会造成高频天线产生谐振,降低高频天线的辐射性能。为此,本实施例中,通过在金属腔11开口113的一侧设置屏蔽结构8,可以通过屏蔽结构8对金属腔11进行遮挡,能够有效防止高频天线的能量辐射到金属腔11内而产生谐振,由此,通过设置屏蔽结构8可以保证低频天线和高频天线均能够正常工作。
其中,该屏蔽结构8为金属板或金属膜,例如屏蔽结构8为铜板、铝板等,其能够覆盖于金属腔11的开口113上方,并通过焊接、铆接等工艺与反射板1连接固定,从而可以获得良好的屏蔽效果。该屏蔽结构8也可以为金属膜,金属膜可以通过粘接工艺粘接固定到反射板1上。
作为一种具体的实现方式,屏蔽结构8与反射板1焊接连接、耦合连接或通过连接件连接,从而能够保证屏蔽结构8与反射板1连接固定的可靠性。其中,在采用连接件的方式连接时,连接件可以采用螺钉、销钉等,在保证屏蔽结构8与反射板1连接固定的可靠性的同时,可以便于屏蔽结构8的拆装。
作为一种具体的实现方式,屏蔽结构8可以为但不限于正方形、长方形或网格形,也可以是其它规则或不规则的形状,当屏蔽结构8覆盖在金属腔11的开口113上方时,均能够起到屏蔽电磁波进入金属腔11内部的效果。本实施例中,该屏蔽结构8可以为正方形或长方形,从而便于加工制造和组装,该屏蔽结构8可以设置有多个,部分相邻两个屏蔽结构8之间可以具有间隙,以对金属隔板6等部件进行避让,部分相邻两个屏蔽结构8之间可以直接接触,没有间隙,以提升屏蔽效果。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种基站天线,其特征在于,包括:
    反射板,所述反射板设置有金属腔,所述金属腔具有开口,所述开口的方向朝向所述反射板的正面的一侧;
    介质体,所述介质体的一端设置于所述金属腔内,所述介质体的另一端伸出于所述金属腔;
    金属带线,设置于所述介质体,且所述金属带线的一端设置于所述金属腔内,所述金属带线的另一端伸出于所述金属腔;
    滑动介质,所述滑动介质的至少部分滑动设置于所述金属腔内;
    天线振子,所述天线振子连接于所述介质体伸出于所述金属腔的一端,且所述天线振子连接于所述金属带线伸出于所述金属腔的一端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述基站天线还包括金属隔板,所述金属隔板的至少部分设置于所述金属腔,使所述金属腔被分隔为第一腔和第二腔,所述金属隔板伸出于所述金属腔的部分与所述天线振子连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述金属带线包括第一带线和第二带线,所述第一带线的至少部分设置于所述第一腔,所述第二带线的至少部分设置于所述第二腔;
    所述介质体包括第一介质基板和第二介质基板,所述第一介质基板的至少部分设置于所述第一腔,所述第二介质基板的至少部分设置于所述第二腔;
    所述第一腔、所述第一带线、所述第一介质基板和所述金属隔板构成第一馈电网络,所述第二腔、所述第二带线、所述第二介质基板和所述金属隔板构成第二馈电网络;
    所述天线振子包括第一极化臂和第二极化臂,所述第一极化臂和所述第二极化臂分别位于所述金属隔板的两侧,所述第一极化臂与所述第一馈电网络连接,以构成所述基站天线的第一极化,所述第二极化臂与所述第二馈电网络连接,以构成所述基站天线的第二极化。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述金属隔板与所述金属腔的底部通过焊接或耦合的方式电连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述基站天线还包括电气连接件,所述金属隔板与所述金属腔之间保持有间隙,所述金属隔板通过所述电气连接件与所述反射板电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述第一带线包括第一馈电线和第二馈电线,所述第一馈电线的一端与所述第一极化臂连接,所述第一馈电线的另一端与所述第二馈电线焊接或耦合连接。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述第二带线包括第三馈电线和第四馈电线,所述第三馈电线的一端与所述第二极化臂连接,所述第四馈电线的另一端与所述第三馈电线焊接或耦合连接。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述第一带线为一体成型结构,所述第二带线为一体成型结构。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述第一腔和所述第二腔中的至少一者内设置有所述滑动介质。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述反射板通过折弯工艺形成所述金属腔。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述反射板包括第一板、第二板和第三板,所述第一板设置有所述金属腔,所述第二板和所述第三板分别设置于所述第一板在宽度方向的两侧,且所述第二板和所述第三板分别与所述第一板耦合连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述第一板在所述金属腔宽度方向上的两侧分别设置有第一翻边和第二翻边;
    所述第二板与所述第一翻边耦合连接,所述第三板与所述第二翻边耦合连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述基站天线包括屏蔽结构,所述屏蔽结构连接于所述反射板,且覆盖于所述金属腔的开口上方。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述屏蔽结构为金属板或金属膜。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述屏蔽结构与所述反射板焊接连接、耦合连接或通过连接件连接。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述屏蔽结构为正方形、长方形或网格形。
  17. 一种基站系统,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-16任一项所述的基站天线。
PCT/CN2023/138061 2022-12-28 2023-12-12 基站天线及基站系统 Ceased WO2024140152A1 (zh)

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