WO2024144227A2 - 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024144227A2 WO2024144227A2 PCT/KR2023/021621 KR2023021621W WO2024144227A2 WO 2024144227 A2 WO2024144227 A2 WO 2024144227A2 KR 2023021621 W KR2023021621 W KR 2023021621W WO 2024144227 A2 WO2024144227 A2 WO 2024144227A2
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- profile
- differential
- anode
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- battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/10—Measuring sum, difference or ratio
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- lithium batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, so they can be freely charged and discharged, and have a very high self-discharge rate. It is attracting attention due to its low and high energy density.
- the present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a battery management device and method for more accurately estimating the anode profile and cathode profile of a battery.
- a battery management device includes a profile acquisition unit configured to obtain a differential profile based on the voltage and capacity of a battery; and generating a comparative and differential profile based on the preset reference anode profile and the preset reference cathode profile, adjusting the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile so that the comparative and differential profile corresponds to the differential profile, and adjusting the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile according to the adjustment result. It may include a control unit configured to determine the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile as the anode profile and the cathode profile of the battery, respectively.
- the control unit may be configured to generate a comparison full-cell profile based on the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile, and to generate the comparison differential profile based on the generated comparison full-cell profile.
- the control unit may be configured to calculate an error between the differential profile and the comparative differential profile, and adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the calculated error is minimized.
- the profile acquisition unit may be configured to acquire at least one of a first differential profile indicating a correspondence between the capacity of the battery and the differential voltage and a second differential profile indicating a correspondence between the voltage and the differential capacity of the battery.
- the control unit may be configured to generate a first comparative differential profile corresponding to the first differential profile and a second comparative differential profile corresponding to the second differential profile based on the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile. .
- the control unit generates a comparison full-cell profile based on the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile, differentiates the comparison full-cell profile with respect to capacity to generate the first comparison differential profile, and converts the comparison full-cell profile to voltage. It may be configured to generate the second comparative differential profile by differentiating with respect to the.
- the control unit determines the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile based on a first error between the first differential profile and the first comparative differential profile and a second error between the second differential profile and the second comparative differential profile. It can be configured to adjust.
- the control unit may be configured to adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile until the combined error of the first error and the second error is minimized.
- a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery management device according to an aspect of the present invention.
- a vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery management device according to an aspect of the present invention.
- a battery management method includes a profile acquisition step of acquiring a differential profile based on the voltage and capacity of the battery; A comparative and differential profile generating step of generating a comparative and differential profile based on the preset reference anode profile and the preset reference cathode profile; A profile adjustment step of adjusting the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile so that the comparative differential profile corresponds to the differential profile; And it may include a profile determination step of determining the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile according to the adjustment result of the profile adjustment step as the anode profile and the cathode profile of the battery, respectively.
- the battery management device has the advantage of being able to more accurately determine the anode profile and cathode profile of the battery by adjusting the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile so that the error between the differential profile and the comparative differential profile is minimized. there is.
- Figure 2 is a diagram schematically showing a first differential profile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a diagram schematically showing a first differential profile D1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the first differential profile D1 may be expressed as an X-Y graph where the X-axis is capacity (Q) and the Y-axis is differential voltage (dV/dQ).
- the reference anode profile may be a profile representing the correspondence between the capacity and voltage of a reference anode cell that is preset to correspond to the anode of the battery.
- the reference anode cell may be the anode of a bipolar coin half cell or a three-electrode cell.
- the reference cathode profile may be a profile representing the correspondence between the capacity and voltage of a reference cathode cell that is preset to correspond to the cathode of the battery.
- the reference cathode cell may be the cathode of a cathode coin half cell or a three-electrode cell.
- the control unit 120 differentiates the comparison full cell profile (R) with respect to the capacity, thereby producing the capacity (Q) and the differential voltage (dV/dQ). ) It is possible to generate a first comparative differential profile (DR1) representing the correspondence between the two.
- the control unit 120 differentiates the comparison full cell profile (R) with respect to the voltage to obtain the voltage (V) and the differential capacity (dQ/ A second comparative differential profile (DR2) representing the correspondence between dV) can be generated.
- the result of the battery profile (M) being differentiated with respect to the capacity is the first differential profile (D1)
- the result of the comparison full cell profile (R) being differentiated with respect to the capacity is the first comparison differentiation. This is profile (DR1).
- control unit 120 may generate a first comparative differential profile DR1 by differentiating the comparative full cell profile R with respect to the capacity to correspond to the first differential profile D1.
- control unit 120 may be configured to calculate an error between the differential profile and the comparative differential profile.
- the control unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) until the calculated error is minimized.
- control unit 120 may adjust the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) by shifting or capacitance scaling so that the error between the comparative and differential profiles is minimized.
- control unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative full cell profiles (R) by adjusting the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). Additionally, the control unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative differential profiles based on the plurality of comparative full cell profiles (R). The control unit 120 may specify a comparative and differential profile that has a minimum error with the differential profile among a plurality of comparative and differential profiles. In addition, the control unit 120 may determine the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile corresponding to the specified comparison and differential profile as the anode profile and cathode profile of the battery, respectively.
- the battery management device 100 adjusts the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) to minimize the error between the differential profile and the comparative differential profile, thereby providing a more accurate anode profile of the battery. and the advantage of being able to determine the cathode profile.
- control unit 120 provided in the battery management device 100 uses a processor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and registers known in the art to execute various control logics performed in the present invention. , communication modem, data processing device, etc. may be optionally included. Additionally, when the control logic is implemented as software, the control unit 120 may be implemented as a set of program modules. At this time, the program module is stored in memory and can be executed by the control unit 120. The memory may be inside or outside the control unit 120 and may be connected to the control unit 120 through various well-known means.
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- the battery management device 100 may further include a storage unit 130.
- the storage unit 130 may store data or programs necessary for each component of the battery management device 100 to perform operations and functions, or data generated in the process of performing operations and functions.
- information storage means may include RAM, flash memory, ROM, EEPROM, registers, etc.
- the storage unit 130 may store program codes in which processes executable by the control unit 120 are defined.
- the differential profiles D1 and D2 acquired by the profile acquisition unit 110 may be stored in the storage unit 130.
- a preset reference anode profile (Rp) and a preset reference cathode profile (Rn) may be stored in the storage unit 130 .
- the control unit 120 may access the storage unit 130 to obtain the stored profile.
- control unit 120 adjusts the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) will be described in more detail.
- FIG. 7 to 9 are diagrams illustrating an example of an adjustment process of the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the process proceeds in the following order: a first routine for setting (see FIG. 7), a second routine for performing profile shifting (see FIG. 8), and a third routine for performing capacity scaling (see FIG. 9). That is, the generation procedure of the comparative full cell profile (S) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes first to third routines.
- the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same as those shown in FIG. 7 .
- the control unit 120 determines the anode participation start point (pi), the anode participation end point (pf), the cathode participation start point (ni), and the cathode participation end point (nf) on the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). decides the anode participation start point (pi), the anode participation end point (pf), the cathode participation start point (ni), and the cathode participation end point (nf) on the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). decide
- One of the anode engagement initiation point (pi) and the cathode engagement initiation point (ni) depends on the other.
- the control unit 120 divides the anode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference anode profile Rp into a plurality of micro voltage sections, and then selects the boundary point of two adjacent micro voltage sections among the plurality of micro voltage sections. , can be set as the anode participation starting point (pi).
- Each micro-voltage section may have a predetermined size (eg, 0.01V).
- the control unit 120 may set a point on the reference cathode profile (Rn) that is smaller than the anode participation start point (pi) by a first set voltage (eg, 3V) as the cathode participation start point (ni).
- control unit 120 divides the cathode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference cathode profile Rn into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the cathode voltage range into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the cathode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference cathode profile Rn into two adjacent micro voltage sections among the plurality of micro voltage sections.
- the boundary point can be set as the cathode participation initiation point (ni).
- the control unit 120 may search for a point greater than the negative electrode participation start point (ni) by the first set voltage from the reference anode profile (Rp) and set the searched point as the anode participation start point (pi). .
- Either the positive participation endpoint (pf) or the negative participation endpoint (nf) is dependent on the other.
- the control unit 120 divides the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the reference anode profile Rp into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the reference anode profile Rp into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the reference anode profile Rp into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the reference anode profile Rp into two micro voltage sections adjacent to each other among the multiple micro voltage sections.
- the boundary point of the section can be set as the bipolar participation end point (pf).
- the control unit 120 may set a point on the reference cathode profile Rn that is smaller than the anode participation end point pf by a second set voltage (eg, 4V) as the cathode participation end point nf.
- control unit 120 divides the cathode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference cathode profile Rn into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the cathode voltage range into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the cathode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the reference cathode profile Rn into two adjacent micro voltage sections among the plurality of micro voltage sections.
- the boundary point can be set as the cathodic participation end point (nf).
- the control unit 120 may search for a point greater than the cathode participation end point (nf) by the second set voltage from the reference anode profile (Rp) and set the searched point as the anode participation end point (pf).
- control unit 120 sets the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile. Shift at least one of (Rn) to the left or right along the horizontal axis.
- control unit 120 sets the reference anode profile (Rp) and/or the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the capacity values of the anode participation start point (pi) and the cathode participation start point (ni) match. It can be shifted.
- control unit 120 may shift the reference anode profile (Rp) and/or the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the voltages of the anode participation end point (pf) and the cathode participation end point (nf) match.
- FIG 8 shows that an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') was created by shifting only the reference anode profile (Rp) to the left, and as a result, the voltage at the anode participation start point (pi') was lower than that of the cathode participation start point (ni).
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') is the result of applying an adjustment procedure to the reference anode profile (Rp) that shifts to the left by the voltage difference between the anode participation start point (pi) and the cathode participation start point (ni). Therefore, the two points (pi, pi') differ only in capacitance value and have the same voltage.
- the two points (pf, pf') differ only in the capacitance value and have the same voltage.
- the control unit 120 controls at least one of the adjustment result profiles (Rp' and Rn). Scaling one capacity range.
- control unit 120 performs an additional adjustment procedure to contract or expand at least one of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the reference cathode profile (Rn) along the horizontal axis.
- the control unit 120 adjusts the size of the capacity range between the two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') to match the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') can be created by contracting or enlarging the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'').
- one of the two points (pi', pf') can be fixed. Accordingly, the capacity difference between the two points (pi', pf'') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') may match the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- control unit 120 shrinks the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the size of the capacity range between the two points (ni, nf) of the reference cathode profile (Rn) matches the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- an adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') can be created.
- one of the two points (ni, nf) can be fixed. Accordingly, the capacity difference between the two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') may match the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') is the result of shrinking the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') shown in Figure 8, and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') shown in Figure 8. This is the result of the expanded reference cathode profile (Rn).
- the anode participation end point (pf'') on the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') corresponds to the anode participation end point (pf) on the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp').
- the cathode participation end point (nf') on the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') corresponds to the cathode participation end point (nf) on the reference cathode profile (Rn).
- the capacity difference between the anode engagement start point (pi') and the anode engagement end point (pf'') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') corresponds to the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- the capacity difference between the cathode participation start point (ni) and the cathode participation end point (nf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') corresponds to the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- the capacity range by two points (pi', pf'') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') is the capacity range by two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is consistent with
- the control unit 120 changes the profile between two points (pi, pf') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') to the profile between two points (ni, nf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'). By subtracting from , a comparative full cell profile (S) can be generated.
- the control unit 120 may generate a comparative differential profile from the comparative full cell profile (S) and calculate an error (profile error) between the comparative differential profile and the differential profile.
- an error profile error
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') corresponding to the comparative full cell profile (S) is determined as the adjusted anode profile
- the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is determined as the adjusted anode profile. It can be determined with a tuned cathode profile.
- the control unit 120 includes an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp''), an adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'), an anode participation start point (pi'), an anode participation end point (pf''), and a cathode participation start point ( ni), cathode participation end point (nf'), anode change rate (ps), cathode change rate (ns), comparison full cell profile (S), and profile error are mutually mapped and recorded in the storage unit 130. You can.
- the control unit 120 may calculate the change ratio of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'') with respect to the reference anode profile (Rp) as the anode change ratio (ps). Additionally, the control unit 120 may calculate the change ratio of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rn') to the reference cathode profile (Rn) as the cathode change ratio (ns).
- the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections among the plurality of micro-voltage sections is the anode participation start point (pi). It can be set to .
- anode voltage range of the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into 100 micro-voltage ranges, there may be 100 boundary points that can be set as the anode participation start point (pi).
- the voltage range that is higher than the second set voltage in the reference anode profile (Rp) is divided into 40 small voltage ranges, there may be 40 boundary points that can be set as the anode participation end point (pf). In this case, up to 4000 different comparative full cell profiles can be created.
- FIGS. 10 to 12 are diagrams showing another example of the adjustment process of the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 10 to 12 are diagrams referenced for explaining another example of a procedure for generating a comparative full cell profile (U).
- the embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 are independent from the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 9. Accordingly, terms or symbols commonly used to describe the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 and the embodiments shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 should be understood as being limited to each embodiment.
- the generation procedure of the comparative full cell profile (U) to be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12 includes a fourth routine for performing capacity scaling (see FIG. 10), four points (anode participation start point, anode participation end point, cathode participation It proceeds in the order of the fifth routine (see FIG. 11) for setting the starting point and the cathode participation end point (see FIG. 11) and the sixth routine (see FIG. 12) for performing the profile shift. That is, the generation procedure of the comparative full cell profile (U) according to another embodiment of the present invention includes fourth to sixth routines.
- the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) are the same as those shown in FIG. 6.
- the control unit 120 applies the first scale factor and the second scale factor selected from the scaling numerical range to the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn), respectively, to create an adjusted reference anode profile (Rp' and Generate a calibrated reference cathode profile (Rn').
- the scaling numerical range may be predetermined or may vary depending on the ratio of the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M) to the size of the capacity range of the reference full cell profile (R).
- the first scale factor and the second among the values i.e., 90%, 90.1%, 90.2%, ..., 98.9%, 99%
- 0.1% of the scaling numerical range e.g., 90 to 99%
- 91 values can be selected as the first scale factor and the second scale factor, respectively.
- a calibrated profile pair refers to a combination of a calibrated reference anode profile and a calibrated reference cathode profile.
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') shown in FIG. 10 have a first scale factor and a second scale factor, respectively, of less than 100%.
- the result of application to (Rn) is illustrated.
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') is the reference anode profile (Rp) contracted along the horizontal axis
- the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') is also the reference anode profile (Rn')
- the cathode profile (Rn) is contracted along the horizontal axis.
- control unit 120 controls the anode participation start point (pi'), the anode participation end point (pf'), and the cathode on the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'). Determine the starting point of participation (ni') and the end point of cathodic participation (nf').
- Either the anode engagement onset point (pi') and the cathode engagement onset point (ni') may depend on the other. Additionally, either the anode participation end point (pf') and the cathode participation end point (nf') may depend on the other. Additionally, one of the anode participation start point (pi') and the anode participation end point (pf') may be set based on the other.
- the remaining three points are set to the first setting. It may be automatically set by the voltage, the second set voltage, and/or the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M) (e.g., charge capacity of SOC 0 to 100%).
- control unit 120 divides the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the voltage range from the second set voltage to the end point of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size.
- the boundary point of two adjacent micro-voltage sections can be set as the anode participation end point (pf').
- the control unit 120 searches for a point smaller than the anode participation end point (pf') by a second set voltage (e.g., 4V) in the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'), and sets the searched point as the cathode participation end point. It can be set to (nf').
- a second set voltage e.g., 4V
- control unit 120 divides the cathode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted reference cathode profile Rn' into a plurality of micro voltage sections of a predetermined size, and then divides the cathode voltage range from the start point to the end point of the adjusted reference cathode profile Rn' into two adjacent micro voltage sections of the plurality of micro voltage sections.
- the boundary point of the small voltage section can be set as the cathode participation end point (nf').
- the control unit 120 searches for a point greater than the cathode participation end point (nf') by the second set voltage from the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and converts the searched point to the anode participation end point (pf'). You can set it.
- control unit 120 bases the determined point on the The remaining three points can be additionally determined.
- the control unit 120 sets a capacity value larger than the capacity value of the anode engagement start point (pi') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- a point on the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') with an anode participation end point (pf') can be set.
- the control unit 120 searches for a point lower than the anode participation start point (pi') by the first set voltage from the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'), and sets the searched point as the cathode participation start point (ni'). It can be set to .
- control unit 120 selects a point on the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') having a capacity value larger than the capacity value of the cathode participation start point (ni') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M). It can be set to the end point (nf').
- the control unit 120 adjusts the capacity value to be smaller than the capacity value of the anode participation end point (pf') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- a point on the reference anode profile (Rp') can be set as the anode participation starting point (pi').
- the control unit 120 searches for a point lower than the anode participation end point (pf') by the second set voltage from the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') and sets the searched point as the cathode participation end point (nf'). You can.
- control unit 120 selects a point on the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') having a capacity value smaller than the capacity value of the cathode participation end point (nf') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M). It can be set to the viewpoint (ni').
- the control unit 120 when the negative electrode participation start point (ni') is determined, the control unit 120 has a capacity value larger than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation start point (ni') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M). A point on the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') can be set as the cathode participation end point (nf'). In addition, the control unit 120 searches for a point higher than the cathode participation start point (ni') by the first set voltage from the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'), and sets the searched point as the anode participation start point (pi'). It can be set to .
- control unit 120 selects a point on the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') having a capacity value larger than the capacity value of the anode participation start point (pi') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M). It can be set to the end point (pf').
- the control unit 120 when the negative electrode participation end point (nf') is determined, the control unit 120 generates an adjusted battery with a capacity value smaller than the capacity value of the negative electrode participation end point (nf') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M).
- a point on the reference cathode profile (Rn') can be set as the cathode participation initiation point (ni').
- the control unit 120 searches for a point higher than the cathode participation end point (nf') by the second set voltage from the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and sets the searched point as the anode participation end point (pf'). You can.
- control unit 120 selects a point on the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') having a capacity value smaller than the capacity value of the anode participation end point (pf') by the size of the capacity range of the battery profile (M). It can be set to the point in time (pi').
- the control unit 120 controls the capacitance values of the anode participation start point (pi') and the cathode participation start point (ni') to match or the capacitances of the anode participation end point (pf') and the cathode participation end point (nf'). At least one of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') and the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') may be shifted along the horizontal axis so that the values match.
- the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'') shown in FIG. 12 is only the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn') shown in FIG. 11 shifted to the right. Accordingly, the capacitance values of the anode participation start point (pi') and the cathode participation start point (ni'') are consistent with each other.
- the capacity difference between the anode engagement onset point (pi') and the anode engagement end point (pf') is equal to the capacity difference between the cathode engagement onset point (ni') and the cathodic engagement end point (nf'), so that the anode engagement onset point (
- the capacitance values of the anode participation start point (ni'') and the anode participation start point (ni'') match each other
- the capacitance values of the anode participation end point (pf') and the negative electrode participation end point (nf'') also match each other.
- control unit 120 controls the partial profile between two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') to two points (pi', pf') of the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'').
- a comparative full cell profile (U) can be generated.
- the control unit 120 may generate a comparative differential profile from the comparative full cell profile (U) and calculate an error (profile error) between the comparative differential profile and the differential profile.
- an error profile error
- the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp') corresponding to the comparative full cell profile (U) is determined as the adjusted anode profile
- the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn'') is determined as the adjusted anode profile. It can be determined with a tuned cathode profile.
- the control unit 120 controls the adjusted reference anode profile (Rp'), the adjusted reference cathode profile (Rn''), the anode participation start point (pi'), the anode participation end point (pf'), and the cathode participation start point (ni). ''), negative electrode participation end point (nf''), positive electrode change rate (ps), negative electrode change rate (ns), comparative full cell profile (U), and profile error are mutually mapped to the storage unit 130. It can be recorded.
- the control unit 120 may determine the first scale factor as the anode change rate (ps) and the second scale factor as the cathode change rate (ns).
- control unit 120 determines the anode profile and the cathode profile of the battery by considering both the first differential profile D1 and the second differential profile D2 will be described.
- the profile acquisition unit 110 may be configured to acquire the first differential profile (D1) and the second differential profile (D2).
- the profile acquisition unit 110 may acquire both the first differential profile (D1) and the second differential profile (D2).
- the control unit 120 generates a first comparison differential profile (DR1) corresponding to the first differential profile (D1) and a second differential profile (D2) based on the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). It may be configured to generate a second comparative differential profile (DR2).
- DR1 first comparison differential profile
- D2 second differential profile
- DR2 second comparative differential profile
- control unit 120 may generate a comparative full cell profile (R) based on the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn). Additionally, the control unit 120 may generate a first comparison differential profile DR1 by differentiating the comparison full cell profile R with respect to capacity. Additionally, the control unit 120 may generate a second comparison differential profile DR2 by differentiating the comparison full cell profile R with respect to the voltage.
- the control unit 120 provides a reference based on the first error between the first differential profile (D1) and the first comparative differential profile (DR1) and the second error between the second differential profile (D2) and the second comparative differential profile (DR2). It can be configured to adjust the anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn).
- control unit 120 may calculate the root mean square error of the first differential profile D1 and the first comparative differential profile DR1.
- Figure 13 is a diagram schematically showing a second differential profile (D2) and a second comparative differential profile (DR2) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the result of the battery profile being differentiated with respect to the voltage is the second differential profile (D2)
- the result of the comparative full cell profile (R) being differentiated with respect to the capacity is the second comparative differential profile (DR2). )am.
- the control unit 120 may calculate the root mean square error (RMSE) of the second differential profile D2 and the second comparative differential profile DR22.
- the control unit 120 may calculate the differential capacity difference d2 for each voltage between the second differential profile D2 and the second comparative differential profile DR2.
- the control unit 120 may calculate a second error between the second differential profile D2 and the second comparative differential profile DR2 by adding up the calculated plurality of differential capacity differences d2.
- the differential capacity difference (d2) is the unit error of the second differential profile (D2) and the second comparative differential profile (DR2) at the corresponding voltage
- the sum of the differential capacity differences (d2) is the second differential profile (D2). ) and the error of the second comparative differential profile (DR2).
- the battery management device 100 determines the anode profile of the battery according to the sum error between the first and second differential profiles (D1, D2) and the first and second comparative differential profiles (DR1, DR2). and cathode profile can be determined. Accordingly, more accurate anode profiles and cathode profiles corresponding to the current state of the battery can be determined.
- the battery management device 100 according to the present invention can be applied to a battery management system (BMS). That is, the BMS according to the present invention may include the battery management device 100 described above. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery management device 100 may be implemented by supplementing or adding functions included in a conventional BMS. For example, the profile acquisition unit 110, control unit 120, and storage unit 130 of the battery management device 100 may be implemented as components of a BMS.
- BMS battery management system
- the battery management device 100 may be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present invention may include the above-described battery management device 100 and one or more battery cells. Additionally, the battery pack may further include electrical components (relays, fuses, etc.) and a case.
- Figure 14 is a diagram schematically showing a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the positive terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack 1, and the negative terminal of the battery 10 may be connected to the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack 1.
- the measuring unit 20 may be connected to the first sensing line (SL1), the second sensing line (SL2), and the third sensing line (SL3). Specifically, the measuring unit 20 may be connected to the positive terminal of the battery 10 through the first sensing line SL1 and may be connected to the negative terminal of the battery 10 through the second sensing line SL2. The measurement unit 20 may measure the voltage of the battery 10 based on the voltage measured at each of the first and second sensing lines (SL1) and SL2.
- the measurement unit 20 may be connected to the current measurement unit (A) through the third sensing line (SL3).
- the current measurement unit A may be an ammeter or a shunt resistor capable of measuring the charging current and discharging current of the battery 10.
- the measuring unit 20 may measure the charging current of the battery 10 through the third sensing line SL3 and calculate the charging amount. Additionally, the measurement unit 20 may calculate the discharge amount by measuring the discharge current of the battery 10 through the third sensing line SL3.
- An external device may be connected to the positive terminal (P+) and negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack 1.
- the external device may be a charging device or a load.
- the positive terminal of the battery 10, the positive terminal (P+) of the battery pack 1, the external device, the negative terminal (P-) of the battery pack 1, and the negative terminal of the battery 10 may be electrically connected. there is.
- Figure 15 is a diagram schematically showing a car 1500 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention may be included in a vehicle 1500 such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid vehicle (HV).
- the battery pack 1510 can drive the car 1500 by supplying power to the motor through an inverter provided in the car 1500.
- the battery pack 1510 may include the battery management device 100. That is, the automobile 1500 may include the battery management device 100.
- the battery management device 100 may be an on-board device included in the vehicle 1500.
- Figure 16 is a diagram schematically showing a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery management method may include a profile acquisition step (S100), a comparison and differentiation profile creation step (S200), a profile adjustment step (S300), and a profile determination step (S400).
- each step of the battery management method can be performed by the battery management device 100.
- the battery management device 100 Preferably, each step of the battery management method can be performed by the battery management device 100.
- content that overlaps with the content described above will be omitted or briefly described.
- the profile acquisition step (S100) is a step of acquiring a differential profile based on the voltage and capacity of the battery, and may be performed by the profile acquisition unit 110.
- the profile acquisition unit 110 may generate at least one of a first differential profile D1 indicating a correspondence between the voltage of the battery and the differential capacity and a second differential profile D2 indicating a correspondence between the capacity of the battery and the differential voltage. It can be configured to obtain.
- the comparative and differential profile generating step (S200) is a step of generating comparative and differential profiles (RD1 and RD2) based on a preset reference anode profile (Rp) and a preset reference cathode profile (Rn), and is performed by the control unit 120. It can be.
- control unit 120 may generate comparative differential profiles RD1 and RD2 by differentiating the comparative full cell profile R with respect to voltage or capacity.
- control unit 120 may generate comparative differential profiles RD1 and RD2 to correspond to the differential profiles D1 and D2 acquired by the profile acquisition unit 110.
- the profile adjustment step (S300) is a step of adjusting the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) so that the comparative and differential profiles (RD1 and RD2) correspond to the differential profiles (D1 and D2). It can be performed by
- control unit 120 may be configured to calculate an error between the differential profiles D1 and D2 and the comparative differential profiles RD1 and RD2. Additionally, the control unit 120 may be configured to adjust the reference anode profile (Rp) and the reference cathode profile (Rn) until the calculated error is minimized.
- the profile determination step (S400) is a step of determining the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile according to the adjustment result of the profile adjustment step (S300) as the positive and negative profiles of the battery, respectively, and may be performed by the control unit 120. .
- control unit 120 may adjust the reference anode profile and the reference cathode profile to generate a plurality of comparative full cell profiles. Additionally, the control unit 120 may generate a plurality of comparative differential profiles based on the plurality of comparative full cell profiles. The control unit 120 may specify a comparative and differential profile that has a minimum error with the differential profile among a plurality of comparative and differential profiles. In addition, the control unit 120 may determine the adjusted anode profile and the adjusted cathode profile corresponding to the specified comparison and differential profile as the anode profile and cathode profile of the battery, respectively.
- the embodiments of the present invention described above are not only implemented through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes the function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded.
- the implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs based on the description of the embodiments described above.
- control unit 120 control unit
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 배터리의 전압과 용량에 기반한 미분 프로파일을 획득하도록 구성된 프로파일 획득부; 및미리 설정된 기준 양극 프로파일 및 미리 설정된 기준 음극 프로파일에 기반하여 비교 미분 프로파일을 생성하고, 상기 비교 미분 프로파일이 상기 미분 프로파일에 대응되도록 상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일을 조정하며, 조정 결과에 따른 조정 양극 프로파일 및 조정 음극 프로파일을 상기 배터리의 양극 프로파일 및 음극 프로파일로 각각 결정하도록 구성된 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일에 기반하여 비교 풀셀 프로파일을 생성하고, 생성된 비교 풀셀 프로파일에 기반하여 상기 비교 미분 프로파일을 생성하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 미분 프로파일과 상기 비교 미분 프로파일 간의 오차를 산출하고, 산출된 오차가 최소가 될 때까지 상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일을 조정하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 프로파일 획득부는,상기 배터리의 용량과 미분 전압 간의 대응 관계를 나타내는 제1 미분 프로파일 및 상기 배터리의 전압과 미분 용량 간의 대응 관계를 나타내는 제2 미분 프로파일 중 적어도 하나를 획득하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 프로파일 획득부는, 상기 제1 미분 프로파일 및 상기 제2 미분 프로파일을 획득하도록 구성되고,상기 제어부는,상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일에 기반하여 상기 제1 미분 프로파일에 대응되는 제1 비교 미분 프로파일과 상기 제2 미분 프로파일에 대응되는 제2 비교 미분 프로파일을 생성하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일에 기반하여 비교 풀셀 프로파일을 생성하고, 상기 비교 풀셀 프로파일을 용량에 대해 미분하여 상기 제1 비교 미분 프로파일을 생성하며, 상기 비교 풀셀 프로파일을 전압에 대해 미분하여 상기 제2 비교 미분 프로파일을 생성하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 미분 프로파일과 상기 제1 비교 미분 프로파일 간의 제1 오차 및 상기 제2 미분 프로파일과 상기 제2 비교 미분 프로파일 간의 제2 오차에 기반하여 상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일을 조정하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 오차와 상기 제2 오차의 합산 오차가 최소가 될 때까지 상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일을 조정하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 장치.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 관리 장치를 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 관리 장치를 포함하는 자동차.
- 배터리의 전압과 용량에 기반한 미분 프로파일을 획득하는 프로파일 획득 단계;미리 설정된 기준 양극 프로파일 및 미리 설정된 기준 음극 프로파일에 기반하여 비교 미분 프로파일을 생성하는 비교 미분 프로파일 생성 단계;상기 비교 미분 프로파일이 상기 미분 프로파일에 대응되도록 상기 기준 양극 프로파일 및 상기 기준 음극 프로파일을 조정하는 프로파일 조정 단계; 및상기 프로파일 조정 단계의 조정 결과에 따른 조정 양극 프로파일 및 조정 음극 프로파일을 상기 배터리의 양극 프로파일 및 음극 프로파일로 각각 결정하는 프로파일 결정 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 관리 방법.
Priority Applications (3)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380031119.2A CN120239825A (zh) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | 电池管理装置和方法 |
| EP23912902.6A EP4553524A4 (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANAGING A BATTERY |
| JP2025537634A JP7860350B2 (ja) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | バッテリー管理装置及び方法 |
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| KR20220185034 | 2022-12-26 | ||
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| KR1020230191446A KR102915949B1 (ko) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-12-26 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 |
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| WO2024144227A2 true WO2024144227A2 (ko) | 2024-07-04 |
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| JP6380417B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-21 | 2018-08-29 | 横河電機株式会社 | 二次電池容量測定システム及び二次電池容量測定方法 |
| US20210359347A1 (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2021-11-18 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Electrode Diagnostics For Lithium Ion Battery |
| KR102843320B1 (ko) * | 2020-06-03 | 2025-08-05 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 상태 진단 장치 및 방법 |
| KR102596153B1 (ko) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-10-30 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 |
| KR102847768B1 (ko) * | 2020-11-17 | 2025-08-18 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 |
| KR102834460B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-28 | 2025-07-14 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 이차 전지 진단 장치 및 방법 |
| CN120226189A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2025-06-27 | 株式会社Lg新能源 | 电池管理装置和方法 |
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- 2023-12-26 KR KR1020230191446A patent/KR102915949B1/ko active Active
- 2023-12-26 CN CN202380031119.2A patent/CN120239825A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-26 WO PCT/KR2023/021621 patent/WO2024144227A2/ko not_active Ceased
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| JP2026500698A (ja) | 2026-01-08 |
| KR102915949B1 (ko) | 2026-01-21 |
| KR20240102910A (ko) | 2024-07-03 |
| CN120239825A (zh) | 2025-07-01 |
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