WO2024148486A1 - 电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 - Google Patents

电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024148486A1
WO2024148486A1 PCT/CN2023/071449 CN2023071449W WO2024148486A1 WO 2024148486 A1 WO2024148486 A1 WO 2024148486A1 CN 2023071449 W CN2023071449 W CN 2023071449W WO 2024148486 A1 WO2024148486 A1 WO 2024148486A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive
conductive portion
electrode plate
along
conductive layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/071449
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张子格
薛庆瑞
李伟
章羽
赵正元
张劲松
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP23864126.0A priority Critical patent/EP4421890A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/071449 priority patent/WO2024148486A1/zh
Priority to CN202380011255.5A priority patent/CN118633175A/zh
Priority to US18/739,333 priority patent/US20240332546A1/en
Publication of WO2024148486A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024148486A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665—Composites
    • H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an electrode plate, an electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • the current flattening process may increase the safety risks of battery cells.
  • the flattening process may cause particles (such as metal burrs) to be generated on the electrode plates. When the particles fall between the electrode plates, they will cause short circuit problems.
  • flattening may also cause the tabs to be inserted, which may also cause short circuits, increasing the probability of short circuits in battery cells.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electrode plate, an electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can reduce the probability of a short circuit in the battery cell.
  • an electrode plate comprising: an active material region and an inactive material region arranged along a first direction; wherein the inactive material region is provided with a bending structure bent along a second direction, the bending structure extends along a third direction, and in the third direction, the active material region and the bending structure have the same size, wherein the second direction is the thickness direction of the active material region, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the inactive material area of the electrode plate is provided with a bending structure that bends and extends along a specific direction, there is no need to flatten the inactive material area of the electrode plate, so that the inactive material area of the electrode plate after winding can have a regular bending structure. In this way, the risk of short circuit that may be caused by the flattening process is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit in the battery cell.
  • the inactive material region includes a partial region of the current collector and a conductive structure
  • the conductive structure connects the partial region of the current collector
  • the conductive structure includes a bent structure.
  • a partial region of the current collector includes an insulating layer and a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer disposed on both sides of the insulating layer, and the conductive structure includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, the first conductive portion is connected to the first conductive layer, the second conductive portion is connected to the second conductive layer, and the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are connected.
  • the insulating layer in the current collector is heated to produce a short circuit effect, which can reduce the probability of a short circuit in the battery cell, and through the mutual connection between the first conductive portion, the second conductive portion, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the current generated by the active material layer can be better collected, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the dimension of the first conductive part exceeding the first conductive layer along the first direction is smaller than the dimension of the second conductive part exceeding the first conductive layer along the first direction, at least part of the area where the first conductive part exceeds the first conductive layer is connected to the second conductive part, and the area where the second conductive part exceeds the first conductive part along the first direction is provided with a bending structure. In this way, the thickness of the electrode plate can be reduced.
  • a bending structure is provided in the area where the second conductive part exceeds the first conductive part, during the production process, a bending structure can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive part first, and then the second conductive part can be connected to the second conductive layer, or the second conductive part can be connected to the second conductive layer first, and then a bending structure can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive part, which not only increases the flexibility of providing the bending structure, but also avoids damage to other components other than the second conductive part when forming the bending structure, thereby reducing the production loss of the electrode plate.
  • the first conductive part is folded to one side of the second conductive layer of the current collector and connected to the second conductive layer
  • the second conductive part is connected to the second conductive layer at one end close to the active material region along the first direction, and connected to the side of the first conductive part away from the insulating layer
  • the second conductive part is provided with a bending structure in the area where the second conductive part exceeds the first conductive part along the first direction.
  • a bending structure is provided in the area where the second conductive part exceeds the first conductive part, during the production process, a bending structure can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive part first, and then the second conductive part can be connected to the first conductive part and the second conductive layer, or the second conductive part can be connected to the first conductive part and the second conductive layer first, and then a bending structure can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive part, which not only increases the flexibility of setting the bending structure, but also avoids damage to other components other than the second conductive part when forming the bending structure, thereby reducing the production loss of the electrode sheet.
  • a partial area of the current collector includes an insulating layer and a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer arranged on both sides of the insulating layer, and the conductive structure includes a first conductive part and a second conductive part, the first conductive part is connected to the first conductive layer, the first conductive part is folded to one side of the second conductive layer of the current collector and connected to the second conductive layer, the second conductive part is connected to the surface of the first conductive part away from the insulating layer, and the second conductive part is provided with a bending structure in the area where the second conductive part exceeds the first conductive part along the first direction.
  • the contact area between the second conductive part and the first conductive part can be increased to a certain extent to increase the conductivity of the electrode plate, and the area of the second conductive part can be reduced to a certain extent to reduce the production cost of the electrode plate.
  • the bending structure can be first provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive part, and then the second conductive part can be connected to the first conductive part, or the second conductive part can be first connected to the first conductive part, and then the bending structure can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive part.
  • This not only increases the flexibility of setting the bending structure, but also avoids damage to other components other than the second conductive part when forming the bending structure, thereby reducing the production loss of the electrode plate.
  • the first conductive part and the first conductive layer can be connected by welding, and the second conductive part and the second conductive layer can be connected by welding, so that the conductivity between the first conductive part and the first conductive layer, and the conductivity between the second conductive part and the second conductive layer can be improved.
  • the size of the bending structure along the second direction is greater than 1.5 times the thickness of the active material region. In this way, the bending structure of the inactive material region of the wound electrode sheet is more convenient for welding with the top cover assembly, thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the bending structures of the adjacent coils of the electrode sheet are connected to each other. In this way, not only the current capacity between the adjacent coils of the electrode sheet is improved, but also the probability of laser leakage burning the isolation film during laser welding of the top cover assembly can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit of the battery cell.
  • the bending structure may include a plurality of bending portions arranged along a first direction. Arranging the plurality of bending portions along the first direction facilitates compression along the first direction after the electrode sheet is wound, further reducing the influence of laser welding.
  • the bending structure includes at least one bending portion, and different regions of the bending portion along the third direction are bent toward the same side of the second direction. In this way, it is convenient to set the bending structure.
  • an electrode assembly comprising: a positive electrode sheet, a separator and a negative electrode sheet, wherein the separator is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are wound, the positive electrode sheet is the electrode sheet in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and/or the negative electrode sheet is the electrode sheet in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • the electrode assembly since the electrode assembly has a bent structure, the electrode assembly can be welded along the first direction without flattening the inactive material area of the electrode plate. In this way, the short circuit risk that may be caused by the flattening process can be reduced, and the probability of short circuit of the battery cell can be reduced.
  • the inactive material region of the positive electrode sheet and the inactive material region of the negative electrode sheet are arranged relative to each other along the first direction. In this way, during the production process, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet can be processed in the same manner at the same time, which facilitates the production of the electrode assembly.
  • the bending structures of adjacent circles of the positive electrode sheet are connected to each other to cover the isolation membrane and the negative electrode sheet, and the bending structures of adjacent circles of the negative electrode sheet cover the isolation membrane and the positive electrode sheet.
  • the bent structure of the outermost circle of the positive electrode plate is coated with an insulating film, so as to avoid the bent structure from contacting with conductive materials outside the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the probability of single-circuit of the battery cell.
  • a battery cell comprising the electrode assembly in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect; a shell having openings at both ends of the shell, the shell being used to accommodate the electrode assembly; and a top cover assembly, the top cover assembly being connected to the bending structure and covering the opening.
  • a battery comprising the battery cell in the third aspect or any possible implementation of the third aspect.
  • an electrical device which includes the battery in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation of the fourth aspect, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the electrical equipment is a vehicle, a ship or a spacecraft.
  • FIG2 is a side view schematic diagram of an electrode plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is another partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is another partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is another partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode sheet disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a partial side view of a wound electrode sheet disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a partial side view of another wound electrode sheet disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic side view of a compressed electrode sheet disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic side view of another compressed electrode sheet disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic side view of another electrode sheet disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a side view schematic diagram of an electrode assembly disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a schematic top view of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic top view of a welded battery cell according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the electrode assembly includes an electrode plate.
  • the electrode assembly In order to better weld the electrode assembly to the top cover assembly (i.e., to the current collecting plate in the top cover assembly), it is usually necessary to flatten the entire electrode tab of the inactive material area of the electrode plate to deform the inactive material area of the electrode plate, and weld the deformed electrode plate to the current collecting plate in the top cover assembly. In this way, the electrode assembly can be connected to the top cover plate through the adapter plate connected to the current collecting plate to output electrical energy to the electrical equipment.
  • the current flattening process may increase the safety risks of battery cells.
  • the flattening process may cause particles (e.g., metal burrs) to be generated on the electrode plates. When the particles fall between the electrode plates, a short circuit problem will occur.
  • the flattening process may also cause full-ear insertion, that is, the full-ear of the positive electrode plate and/or the negative electrode plate is excessively deformed and punctures the isolation membrane, which may also cause a short circuit and affect the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrode plate, which includes: an active material region and an inactive material region arranged along a first direction, the inactive material region is provided with a bending structure bent along a second direction, the bending structure extends along a third direction, and in the third direction, the active material region and the bending structure have the same size, wherein the second direction is the thickness direction of the active material region, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the inactive material region of the electrode plate is provided with a bending structure bent and extended along a specific direction, there is no need to flatten the inactive material region, so that the inactive material region of the wound electrode plate can have a regular bending structure, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits that may be caused by the flattening process, thereby reducing the probability of short circuits in the battery cells.
  • Electrical equipment may be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and electric tools, etc.
  • Vehicles may be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles, or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles may be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools, and railway electric tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical equipment.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of an electrode plate disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode plate 210 includes: an active material region 210b and an inactive material region 210a arranged along a first direction X, the inactive material region 210a is provided with a bending structure 211a bent along a second direction Y, the bending structure 211a extends along a third direction, and in the third direction, the active material region 210b and the bending structure 211a have the same size, wherein the second direction Y is the thickness direction of the active material region 210b, and the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the active material region 210b includes an active material layer 211b and a metal material, wherein the active material layer 211b can be selected according to the polarity of the electrode plate 210 and the type of metal material.
  • the active material layer 211b can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the active material layer 211b can be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the bending structure 211a can be a protrusion having a certain angle with the inactive material region 210a in the first direction X. For example, an L-shaped protrusion connected to the inactive material area.
  • the size of the active material region 210b may be the maximum distance between any two points in the active material region 210b along the third direction
  • the size of the inactive material region 210a may be the maximum distance between any two points in the inactive material region 210a along the third direction
  • the size of the bending structure 211a may be the maximum distance between any two points on the bending structure 211a along the third direction.
  • the size of the inactive material region 210a may be equal to the size of the bending structure 211a
  • the size of the active material region 210b is also equal to the size of the inactive material region 210a.
  • the size of the inactive material area 210a is the size after the metal material is coated with the active material layer 211b and before the metal material is subjected to other treatments.
  • the size of the active material area and the bending structure is not absolutely the same, and there may be a certain degree of error.
  • the inactive material region 210a of the electrode plate 210 is provided with a bending structure 211a that bends and extends along a specific direction, there is no need to flatten the inactive material region 210a, so that the inactive material region 210a of the electrode plate 210 after winding can have a regular bending structure 211a. In this way, the risk of short circuit that may be caused by the flattening process is reduced, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit in the battery cell.
  • the active material region 210 b and the inactive material region 210 a arranged along the first direction X may be arranged in an integrated manner or may be arranged in a separate manner.
  • the active material region 210b and the inactive material region 210a are integrally arranged.
  • the active material region 210b may be a region of the current collector 212 covered with the active material layer 211b
  • the inactive material region 210a may be a region of the current collector 212 not covered with the active material layer 211b.
  • the bending structure 211a is directly arranged in the region of the current collector 212 not covered with the active material layer 211b, without adding other components, which not only facilitates the arrangement of the bending structure 211a, but also reduces the production cost of the battery cell.
  • the current collector 212 can be made of a metal material, a semiconductor material, or a composite material.
  • FIG3 is a side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the inactive material region 210a in the electrode plate 210 shown in FIG3 includes a partial region of the current collector 212 and a conductive structure 213, the conductive structure 213 connects a partial region of the current collector 212, and the conductive structure 213 includes a bent structure 211a.
  • the influence of the bent structure 211a on the current collector 212 can be reduced, and the degree of damage to the current collector 212 can be reduced.
  • a partial area of the current collector 212 may be an area of the current collector 212 that is not coated with the active material layer 211b.
  • the active material layer 211b and the current collector 212 may be the same as described in the above embodiment, or may be different from the above embodiment.
  • the current collector 212 may be formed by stacking multiple components in sequence along the second direction Y.
  • the conductive structure 213 may be an integrated structure or a split structure with multiple components connected to each other.
  • FIG4 is a partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a partial side view schematic diagram of region A in FIG3.
  • the current collector 212 includes an insulating layer 212a and a first conductive layer 212b and a second conductive layer 212c disposed on both sides of the insulating layer 212a
  • the conductive structure 213 includes a first conductive portion 213a and a second conductive portion 213b, the first conductive portion 213a is connected to the first conductive layer 212b, the second conductive portion 213b is connected to the second conductive layer 212c, and the first conductive portion 213a and the second conductive portion 213b are connected.
  • the insulating layer 212a in the current collector 212 is heated to produce a short circuit effect, which can reduce the probability of short circuit of the battery cell, and through the mutual connection between the first conductive portion 213a, the second conductive portion 213b, the first conductive layer 212b and the second conductive layer 212c, the current generated by the active material layer 211b can be better collected, thereby improving the efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the first conductive layer 212b, the insulating layer 212a, and the second conductive layer 212c can be stacked in sequence along the second direction Y.
  • the insulating layer 212a can be a polymer material such as polypropylene (PP) or thermoplastic polyester (PET), and the first conductive layer 212b and the second conductive layer 212c can be metal materials, such as copper or aluminum.
  • the first conductive layer 212b and the second conductive layer 212c can be connected to the insulating layer 212a by vacuum coating.
  • the active material layer 211b is coated on a portion of the surface of the first conductive layer 212b and the second conductive layer 212c away from the insulating layer 212a.
  • the first conductive portion 213a is connected to a portion of the surface of the first conductive layer 212b away from the insulating layer 212a that is not coated with the active material layer 211b
  • the second conductive portion 213b is connected to a portion of the surface of the second conductive layer 212c away from the insulating layer 212a that is not coated with the active material layer 211b.
  • the first conductive portion 213a and the second conductive portion 213b may be connected by integral molding, or by welding, bonding, or the like.
  • first conductive portion 213 a and the second conductive portion 213 b are connected by integral molding, the first conductive portion 213 a and the second conductive portion 213 b are equivalent.
  • FIG5 is another partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a partial side view schematic diagram of region A in FIG3.
  • the dimension of the first conductive portion 213a extending beyond the first conductive layer 212b along the first direction X is smaller than the dimension of the second conductive portion 213b extending beyond the first conductive layer 212b along the first direction X, at least a portion of the region where the first conductive portion 213a extends beyond the first conductive layer 212b is connected to the second conductive portion 213b, and the region where the second conductive portion 213b extends beyond the first conductive portion 213a along the first direction X is provided with a bending structure 211a.
  • the thickness of the electrode plate 210 can be reduced. Furthermore, since the bending structure 211a is provided in the area where the second conductive portion 213b exceeds the first conductive portion 213a, during the production process, the bending structure 211a can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive portion 213b first, and then the second conductive portion 213b can be connected to the second conductive layer 212c. Alternatively, the second conductive portion 213b can be connected to the second conductive layer 212c first, and then the bending structure 211a can be provided in the area corresponding to the second conductive portion 213b. This not only increases the flexibility of providing the bending structure 211a, but also avoids damage to other components other than the second conductive portion 213b when forming the bending structure 211a, thereby reducing the production loss of the electrode plate 210.
  • the dimension of the first conductive portion 213a extending beyond the first conductive layer 212b along the first direction X may be the maximum distance between any two points along the first direction X in the region where the first conductive portion 213a extends beyond the first conductive layer 212b along the first direction X
  • the dimension of the second conductive portion 213b extending beyond the second conductive layer 212c along the first direction X may be the maximum distance between any two points along the first direction X in the region where the second conductive portion 213b extends beyond the second conductive layer 212c along the first direction X.
  • the upper surface of the first conductive portion 213a away from the first conductive layer 212b along the first direction X may be connected to the second conductive portion 213b; when the dimension of the first conductive portion 213a extending beyond the first conductive layer 212b along the first direction X is large, the partial region of the surface of the first conductive portion 213a close to the first conductive layer 212b along the second direction Y may be connected to the second conductive portion 213b.
  • FIG6 is another partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a partial side view schematic diagram of region A in FIG3 .
  • the first conductive portion 213a is folded to one side of the second conductive layer 212c of the current collector 212 and is connected to the second conductive layer 212c.
  • the second conductive portion 213b is connected to the second conductive layer 212c at one end close to the active material region 210b along the first direction X, and is connected to the side of the first conductive portion 213a away from the insulating layer 212a.
  • the second conductive portion 213b is provided with a bending structure 211a in the region beyond the first conductive portion 213a along the first direction X.
  • the contact area between the second conductive portion 213b and the first conductive portion 213a and the second conductive layer 212c can be further increased, thereby further increasing the conductivity of the electrode plate 210.
  • the bending structure 211a is set in the area where the second conductive part 213b exceeds the first conductive part 213a, during the production process, the bending structure 211a can be first set in the area corresponding to the second conductive part 213b, and then the second conductive part 213b can be connected to the first conductive part 213a and the second conductive layer 212c.
  • the second conductive part 213b can be first connected to the first conductive part 213a and the second conductive layer 212c, and then the bending structure 211a can be set in the area corresponding to the second conductive part 213b.
  • This not only increases the flexibility of setting the bending structure 211a, but also avoids damage to other components other than the second conductive part 213b when forming the bending structure 211a, thereby reducing the production loss of the electrode plate 210.
  • the first conductive portion 213a is folded over the surface of the second conductive layer 212c of the current collector 212 away from the insulating layer 212a along the second direction Y, and is connected to a partial area of the surface of the second conductive layer 212c away from the insulating layer 212a along the second direction Y.
  • the second conductive portion 213b is connected to a partial area of the second conductive layer 212c not coated with the active material layer 211b along the first direction X, close to one end of the second conductive layer 212c coated with the active material layer 211b, and is connected to the surface of the first conductive portion 213a away from the insulating layer 212a, and exceeds the first conductive portion 213a.
  • FIG7 is another partial side view schematic diagram of another electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a partial side view schematic diagram of area A in FIG3.
  • the current collector 212 includes an insulating layer 212a and a first conductive layer 212b and a second conductive layer 212c disposed on both sides of the insulating layer 212a
  • the conductive structure 213 includes a first conductive portion 213a and a second conductive portion 213b
  • the first conductive portion 213a is connected to the first conductive layer 212b
  • the first conductive portion 213a is folded to one side of the second conductive layer 212c of the current collector 212, and is connected to the second conductive layer 212c
  • the second conductive portion 213b is connected to the surface of the first conductive portion 213a away from the insulating layer 212a
  • the second conductive portion 213b is provided with a bending structure 211a in the area where the second conductive portion 213b exceeds
  • the insulating layer 212a in the current collector 212 is heated to generate a circuit-breaking effect, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit of the battery cell.
  • the contact area between the second conductive portion 213b and the first conductive portion 213a can be increased to a certain extent, thereby increasing the conductivity of the electrode plate 210, and the area of the second conductive portion 213b can be reduced to a certain extent, thereby reducing the production cost of the electrode plate 210.
  • the bending structure 211a is set in the area where the second conductive part 213b exceeds the first conductive part 213a, during the production process, the bending structure 211a can be first set in the area corresponding to the second conductive part 213b, and then the second conductive part 213b can be connected to the first conductive part 213a, or the second conductive part 213b can be connected to the first conductive part 213a first, and then the bending structure 211a is set in the area corresponding to the second conductive part 213b.
  • This not only increases the flexibility of setting the bending structure 211a, but also avoids damage to other components other than the second conductive part 213b when forming the bending structure 211a, thereby reducing the production loss of the electrode plate 210.
  • the arrangement of the first conductive layer 212b, the insulating film, and the second conductive layer 212c can be the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the first conductive portion 213a is folded to the surface of the second conductive layer 212c of the current collector 212 away from the insulating layer 212a along the second direction Y, and is connected to a partial area of the surface of the second conductive layer 212c away from the insulating layer 212a along the second direction Y.
  • the second conductive portion 213b is connected to at least a partial area of the surface of the first conductive portion 213a away from the insulating layer 212a.
  • connection mode between the first conductive part 213a and the first conductive layer 212b and the connection mode between the second conductive part 213b and the second conductive layer 212c are not fixed.
  • they can be connected by an adhesive (for example, thermally conductive silicone, epoxy resin glue, and polyurethane glue, etc.).
  • the first conductive part 213a and the first conductive layer 212b can be connected by welding, and the second conductive part 213b and the second conductive layer 212c can be connected by welding. In this way, the conductivity between the first conductive part 213a and the first conductive layer 212b, and the second conductive part 213b and the second conductive layer 212c can be improved.
  • the bending structure 211a may be provided in the region where the second conductive portion 213b exceeds the first conductive portion 213a along the first direction X, or the bending structure 211a may be provided in a part of the region where the second conductive portion 213b exceeds the first conductive portion 213a along the first direction X. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 , the bending structure 211a may include at least one bend. That is, the position and number of bends of the bending structure 211a may be determined according to actual conditions.
  • FIG8 shows a partial side view schematic diagram of a wound electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 shows a partial side view schematic diagram of another wound electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 may be an electrode plate 210 obtained by winding an electrode plate 210 shown in FIG2
  • FIG9 may be an electrode plate 210 obtained by winding another electrode plate 210 shown in FIG3.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 after the electrode plate 210 is wound, the bending structures 211a of the adjacent coils of the electrode plate 210 are not connected before being compressed along the first direction X.
  • the bending structure 211a has a preset length along the second direction Y, and the preset length can be determined according to actual conditions. However, in order to avoid interference between the bending structures 211a of adjacent coils when the electrode sheet 210 is wound, the length of the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y can be controlled so that the bending structures 211a of adjacent coils are not connected before being compressed along the first direction X, so as to facilitate the winding of the electrode sheet 210.
  • the length of the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y can be the maximum distance between any two points along the second direction Y on the bending structure 211a.
  • FIG10 shows a schematic side view of a compressed electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 shows a schematic side view of another compressed electrode plate 210 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 may be an electrode plate 210 obtained by compressing a wound electrode plate 210 shown in FIG8, and
  • FIG11 may be an electrode plate 210 obtained by compressing another wound electrode plate 210 shown in FIG9.
  • the dimension of the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y is greater than 1.5 times the thickness of the active material area 210b. In this way, the bending structure 211a of the inactive material area 210a of the wound electrode plate 210 is more convenient for welding with the top cover assembly 22, thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the bending structure 211a not only has a preset length along the second direction Y, but also has a preset height along the first direction X.
  • the preset length, preset height and compression strength of the bending structure 211a can control the deformation of the bending structure 211a.
  • the bending structure 211a can be compressed along the first direction X with a corresponding compression strength, so that the size of the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y is greater than 1.5 times the thickness of the active material area 210b.
  • the size of the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y is greater than 1.5 times the thickness of the active material area 210b.
  • the size of the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y is the maximum distance between any two points on the bending structure 211a along the second direction Y
  • the thickness of the active material area 210b can be the sum of the thickness of the current collector 212 and the thickness of the active material layer 211b. That is to say, when the current collector 212 is a metal material, the thickness of the current collector 212 is the thickness of the metal material; when the current collector 212 is a composite material, the thickness of the current collector 212 is the thickness of the composite material, for example, the sum of the thickness of the insulating film, the thickness of the first conductive layer and the thickness of the second conductive layer.
  • the bending structures 211a of the adjacent coils of the electrode sheet 210 are connected to each other. In this way, not only the flow capacity between the adjacent coils of the electrode sheet 210 is improved, but also the probability of laser leakage burning the isolation film during laser welding of the top cover assembly 22 can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit of the battery cell.
  • the bending structure 211a is an L-shaped protrusion.
  • the bending structure 211a can also be in other forms.
  • the bending structure 211a can include a plurality of bending portions 214 arranged and connected along the first direction X. In this way, it is convenient to compress the electrode sheet 210 along the first direction after winding, further reducing the influence of laser welding.
  • the bending structure 211a includes three bending portions 214 arranged and connected along the first direction X.
  • the starting point Q11 of the first bending portion 214 is set within a preset range of the active material layer 211b on the current collector 212, or the starting point Q11 of the first bending portion 214 is set within a preset range of the first conductive portion 213a beyond the second conductive portion 213b along the first direction X.
  • the end point Q21 of the first bending portion 214 is connected to the end point Q22 of the second bending portion 214
  • the starting point Q12 of the second bending portion 214 is connected to the starting point Q13 of the third bending portion 214.
  • FIG. 12 only shows an example of a bending portion 214.
  • the bending portion 214 may also have other structures.
  • adjacent bending portions 214 may be connected via a starting point and an end point, or via starting points connected to starting points and end points connected to end points, and the specific connection method is not limited.
  • the bending structure 211a includes at least one bending portion 214, and different regions of the bending portion 214 along the third direction are bent toward the same side of the second direction Y. In this way, it is convenient to set the bending structure.
  • the bending structure 211 a includes a plurality of bending portions 214 , the entire region of any bending portion 214 along the third direction Z is bent toward the same side of the second direction Y.
  • Fig. 13 is a side view schematic diagram of an electrode assembly 21 disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 21 shown in Fig. 13 includes: a positive electrode sheet 210c, a separator 210f and a negative electrode sheet 210d, wherein the separator 210f is arranged between the positive electrode sheet 210c and the negative electrode sheet 210d, the positive electrode sheet 210c, the separator 210f and the negative electrode sheet 210d are wound and arranged, the positive electrode sheet 210c is the electrode sheet 21 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, and/or the negative electrode sheet 210d is the electrode sheet 210 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.
  • the isolation film 210f may be polypropylene or polyethylene (PE).
  • the electrode assembly 21 due to the bending structure 211a of the electrode assembly 21, it is not necessary to flatten the inactive material region 210a, and the electrode assembly 21 can be welded along the first direction X. In this way, the short circuit risk that may be caused by the flattening process can be reduced, and the probability of short circuit of the battery cell can be reduced.
  • the bending structure 211 a of the positive electrode plate 210 c and the bending structure 211 a of the negative electrode plate 210 d are also arranged along the first direction X in opposite directions.
  • the bending structures 211a of the adjacent circles of the positive electrode sheet 210c are connected to each other to cover the isolation film 210f and the negative electrode sheet 210d, and the bending structures 211a of the adjacent circles of the negative electrode sheet 210d cover the isolation film 210f and the positive electrode sheet 210c. Since the melting points of the positive electrode sheet 210c and the negative electrode sheet 210d are higher than the melting point of the isolation film 210f, by covering the adjacent isolation film 210f and the electrode sheet 210 with the bending structure 211a, the probability of laser leakage burning the isolation film 210f can be reduced when the top cover assembly 22 is laser welded, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit of the battery cell.
  • the height of the isolation film 210f along the first direction X is usually greater than the height of the positive electrode plate 210c and the negative electrode plate 210d along the first direction X.
  • the bending structure 211a can be set in the area of the inactive material area 210a that exceeds the isolation film 210f along the first direction X.
  • the outermost ring layer of the positive electrode plate 210c has a folded structure 211a coated with an insulating film, so that the folded structure 211a can be prevented from contacting with conductive materials other than the electrode assembly 21, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit of the battery cell.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a battery cell disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a battery cell after welding disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 20 includes the electrode assembly 21 described in the aforementioned embodiment; a shell having openings at both ends of the shell, and the shell is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 21; and a top cover assembly 22, which is connected to the bending structure 211a and covers the opening.
  • the top cover assembly 22 may be connected to the bending structure 211 a by laser welding to form a welding area B. Specifically, the collecting plate 221 of the top cover assembly 22 is connected to the bending structure 211 a by laser welding to form a welding area B.
  • one production process of the battery cell 20 is coating, cold pressing, roller welding, gluing, striping, winding, flattening and laser welding of the top cover assembly 22 .
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery 10, which may include the electrode assembly 21 described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electric device, which may include the battery 10 in the above embodiment.
  • the electric device may be a vehicle 1, a ship or a spacecraft, etc., but the embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备，其中，该电极极片包括：沿第一方向设置的活性物质区域和非活性物质区域；其中，非活性物质区域设置有沿第二方向弯折的弯折结构，弯折结构沿第三方向延伸，且在第三方向上，活性物质区域和弯折结构的尺寸相同，其中，第二方向为活性物质区域的厚度方向，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向相互垂直。这样，不仅增加了电池单体的空间利用率和能量密度，还简化了电池单体的生产工艺，提高了电池单体的生产效率。

Description

电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备。
背景技术
在电池单体的生产过程中，通常需要对电极极片进行揉平，以获得较为平整的揉平平面，以便于与顶盖组件焊接。
然而，目前的揉平工艺可能会增加电池单体的安全隐患。例如，揉平过程中可能会导致电极极片产生粒子(例如，金属毛刺)，当粒子掉落到电极极片之间时，将引发短路的问题，另外，揉平还可能导致极耳内插，这也可能会造成短路，提高了电池单体短路的概率。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备，能够降低电池单体短路的概率。
第一方面，提供了一种电极极片，包括：沿第一方向设置的活性物质区域和非活性物质区域；其中，非活性物质区域设置有沿第二方向弯折的弯折结构，弯折结构沿第三方向延伸，且在第三方向上，活性物质区域和弯折结构的尺寸相同，其中，第二方向为活性物质区域的厚度方向，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向相互垂直。
在本申请实施例中，由于电极极片的非活性物质区域设置有沿特定方向弯折和延伸的弯折结构，则无需对电极极片的非活性物质区域进行揉平，就可使得卷绕后的电极极片的非活性物质区域具有规则的弯折结构，这样，降低了揉平工艺可能导致的短路隐患，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
在一些实施例中，非活性物质区域包括集流体的部分区域和导电结构，导电结构连接集流体的部分区域，导电结构包括弯折结构。这样，通过在集流体上设置带有弯折结构的导电结构，可以减小设置弯折结构时对集流体的影响，降低对集流体的损坏程度。
在一些实施例中，集流体的部分区域包括绝缘层以及设置于绝缘层两侧的第一导电层和第二导电层，导电结构包括第一导电部和第二导电部，第一导电部与第一导电层连接，第二导电部与第二导电层连接，第一导电部和第二导电部连接。这样，在电池单体发生热失控时，集流体中的绝缘层受热发生断路效应，可以降低电池单体短路的概率，并且，通过第一导电部、第二导电部、第一导电层和第二导电层之间的相互连接，可以更好地汇集活性物质层产生的电流，提高了电池单体的效能。
在一些实施例中，第一导电部沿第一方向超出第一导电层的尺寸小于第二导电部沿第一方向超出第一导电层的尺寸，第一导电部超出第一导电层的至少部分区域与第二导电部相连，第二导电部沿第一方向超出第一导电部的区域设置有弯折结构。这样，可以减小电极极片的厚度。并且，由于在第二导电部超出第一导电部的区域设置弯折结构，则在生产过程中，可以先对第二导电部对应的区域设置弯折结构，再将第二导电部与第二导电层连接，也可以先将第二导电部与第二导电层连接后，再对第二导电部对应的区域设置弯折结构，不仅增加了设置弯折结构的灵活性，还可以避免在形成弯折结构时对第二导电部以外的其他部件产生损伤，降低了电极极片的生产损耗。
在一些实施例中，第一导电部翻折到集流体的第二导电层的一侧，并与第二导电层连接，第二导电部沿第一方向靠近活性物质区域的一端与第二导电层连接，并连接第一导电部背离绝缘层的一侧，第二导电部沿第一方向超出第一导电部的区域设置有弯折结构。这样，可以进一步增加第二导电部与第一导电部、第二绝缘层的接触面积，从而进一步增加电极极片的导电能力。进一步地，由于在第二导电部超出第一导电部的区域设置弯折结构，则在生产过程中，可以先对第二导电部对应的区域设置弯折结构，再将第二导电部与第一导电部、第二导电层连接，也可以先将第二导电部与第一导电部、第二导电层连接后，再对第二导电部对应的区域设置弯折结构，不仅增加了设置弯折结构的灵活性，还可以避免在形成弯折结构时对第二导电部以外的其他部件产生损伤，降低了电极极片的生产损耗。
在一些实施例中，集流体的部分区域包括绝缘层以及设置于绝缘层两侧的第一导电层和第二导电层，导电结构包括第一导电部和第二导电部，第一导电部与第一导电层连接，第一导电部翻折到集流体的第二导电层的一侧，并与第二导电层连接，第二导电部与第一导电部背离绝缘层的表面连接，第二导电部沿第一方向超出第一导电部的区域设置有弯折结构。这样，可以在电池单体发生热失控时，集流体中的绝缘层受热发生断路效应，从而减低电池单体短路的概率。而且，还可以在一定程度上增加第二导电部与第一导电部的接触面积，以增加电极极片的导电能力，以及在一定程度上减小第二导电部的面积，以降低电极极片的生产成本。进一步地，由于在第二导电部超出第一导电部的区域设置弯折结构，则在生产过程中，可以先对第二导电部对应的区域设置弯折结构，再将第二导电部与第一导电部连接，也可以先将第二导电部与第一导电部连接后，再对第二导电部对应的区域设置弯折结构，不仅增加了设置弯折结构的灵活性，还可以避免在形成弯折结构时对第二导电部以外的其他部件产生损伤，降低了电极极片的生产损耗。
在一些实施例中，第一导电部与第一导电层可以通过焊接连接，第二导电部与第二导电层可以通过焊接连接。这样，可以提高第一导电部和第一导电层、第二导电部和第二导电层之间的导电能力。
在一些实施例中，弯折结构沿第二方向的尺寸大于1.5倍的活性物质区域的厚度。这样，卷绕后的电极极片的非活性物质区域的弯折结构更加便于与顶盖组件焊接，从而提高了电池单体的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，电极极片卷绕后，电极极片相邻的圈层的弯折结构相互连接。 这样，不仅提高了电极极片相邻的圈层之间的过流能力，还可以在激光焊接顶盖组件时降低漏激光烧伤隔离膜的概率，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
在一些实施例中，弯折结构可以包括沿第一方向排列的多个弯折部。沿第一方向排列多个弯折部，便于在电极极片卷绕后沿第一方向压缩，进一步降低激光焊接的影响。
在一些实施例中，弯折结构包括至少一个弯折部，弯折部的沿第三方向的不同区域朝向第二方向的同一侧弯折。这样，便于设置弯折结构。
第二方面，提供了一种电极组件，包括：正电极极片、隔离膜和负电极极片，其中，隔离膜设置在正电极极片和负电极极片之间，正电极极片、隔离膜和负电极极片卷绕设置，正电极极片为第一方面或者第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的电极极片，和/或，负电极极片为第一方面或者第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的电极极片。
在本申请实施例中，由于电极组件具有弯折结构，因此，无需对电极极片的非活性物质区域进行揉平，就可沿第一方向对电极组件进行焊接。这样，就可以降低揉平工艺可能导致的短路隐患，降低了电池单体短路的概率。
在一些实施例中，正电极极片的非活性物质区域和负电极极片的非活性物质区域沿第一方向相对设置。这样，在生产的过程中，可以同时对正电极极片和负电极极片进行相同的处理，便于电极组件的生产。
在一些实施例中，正电极极片的相邻的圈层的弯折结构相互连接，以覆盖隔离膜和负电极极片，负电极极片的相邻的圈层的弯折结构覆盖隔离膜和正电极极片。通过弯折结构覆盖相邻隔离膜和电极极片，可以在激光焊接顶盖组件时降低漏激光烧伤隔离膜的概率，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
在一些实施例中，正电极极片最外侧的圈层的弯折结构的包覆有绝缘膜。这样，可以避免弯折结构与电极组件以外的导电材料接触，降低电池单体单路的概率。
第三方面，提供了一种电池单体，包括第二方面或者第二方面的任意可能的实现方式中的电极组件；壳体，壳体的两端具有开口，壳体用于容纳电极组件；顶盖组件，顶盖组件与弯折结构连接，并盖合开口。
第四方面，提供了一种电池，其包括第三方面或者第三方面的任意可能的实现方式中的电池单体。
第五方面，提供了一种用电设备，其包括第四方面或者第四方面的任意可能的实现方式中的电池，电池用于提供电能。
在一些实施例中，所述用电设备为车辆、船舶或航天器。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一实施例公开的一种车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例公开的一种电极极片的侧视示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电极极片的侧视示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电极极片的局部侧视示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例公开的另一种电极极片的另一局部侧视示意图；
图6是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片的另一局部侧视示意图；
图7是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片的又一局部侧视示意图；
图8是本申请实施例公开的一种卷绕后的电极极片的局部侧视示意图；
图9是本申请一实施例公开的另一种卷绕后的电极极片的局部侧视示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例公开的一种压缩后的电极极片的侧视示意图；
图11是本申请一实施例公开的另一种压缩后的电极极片的侧视示意图；
图12是本申请一实施例公开的再一种电极极片的侧视示意图；
图13是本申请一实施例公开的一种电极组件的侧视示意图；
图14是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池单体的示意图；
图15是本申请一实施例公开的一种电池单体的俯视示意图；
图16是本申请一实施例公开的一种焊接后的电池单体的俯视示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。“垂直”并不是严格意义上的垂直，而是在误差允许范围之内。“平行”并不是严格意义上的平行，而是在误差允许范围之内。
下述描述中出现的方位词均为图中示出的方向，并不是对本申请的具体结构进行限定。在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体 一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电极组件包括电极极片，为了电极组件能够更好地与顶盖组件焊接(即，与顶盖组件中的集流盘焊接)，通常需要对电极极片的非活性物质区域的全极耳进行揉平，以使电极极片的非活性物质区域发生形变，并将形变的电极极片与顶盖组件中的集流盘焊接。这样，电极组件就可以通过与集流盘连接的转接片与顶盖片相连，以便向用电设备输出电能。
然而，目前的揉平工艺可能会增加电池单体的安全隐患。例如，揉平过程中可能会导致电极极片产生粒子(例如，金属毛刺)，当粒子掉落到电极极片之间时，将引发短路的问题，另外，揉平还可能导致全极耳内插，即正电极极片和/或负电极极片的全极耳变形过度而刺破隔离膜，这也可能会造成短路，影响电池单体的安全性能。
为解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种电极极片，该电极极片包括：沿第一方向设置的活性物质区域和非活性物质区域，非活性物质区域设置有沿第二方向弯折的弯折结构，弯折结构沿第三方向延伸，且在第三方向上，活性物质区域和弯折结构的尺寸相同，其中，第二方向为活性物质区域的厚度方向，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向相互垂直。因此，由于电极极片的非活性物质区域设置有沿特定方向弯折和延伸的弯折结构，则无需对非活性物质区域进行揉平，就可使得卷绕后的电极极片的非活性物质区域具有规则的弯折结构，这样，降低了揉平工艺可能导致的短路隐患，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案均适用于各种使用电池的用电设备。用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
例如，如图1所示，为本申请一个实施例的一种车辆1的结构示意图，车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部可以设置马达40，控制器30以及电池10，控制器30用来控制电池10为马达40的供电。例如，在车辆1的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池10。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源，用于车辆1的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需 求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
图2示出了本申请实施例公开的一种电极极片的侧视示意图。如图2所示，电极极片210包括：沿第一方向X设置的活性物质区域210b和非活性物质区域210a，非活性物质区域210a设置有沿第二方向Y弯折的弯折结构211a，弯折结构211a沿第三方向延伸，且在第三方向上，活性物质区域210b和弯折结构211a的尺寸相同，其中，第二方向Y为活性物质区域210b的厚度方向，第一方向X、第二方向Y和第三方向相互垂直。
其中，活性物质区域210b包括活性物质层211b和金属材料，其中，活性物质层211b可以根据电极极片210的极性和金属材料的类型进行选择，例如，当电极极片210极性为正且金属材料为铝时，活性物质层211b可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等；当电极极片210极性为负且金属材料为铜时，活性物质层211b可以为碳或硅等。弯折结构211a可以是与非活性物质区域210a在第一方向X上具有一定夹角的凸起。例如，与非活性物质区相连的L型凸起。
应理解，在第三方向上，活性物质区域210b的尺寸可以为活性物质区域210b内沿第三方向的任意两个点之间的最大距离，非活性物质区域210a的尺寸可以为非活性物质区域210a沿第三方向的任意两个点之间的最大距离，弯折结构211a的尺寸可以为弯折结构211a上沿第三方向的任意两个点之间的最大距离。其中，在第三方向上，非活性物质区域210a的尺寸可以和弯折结构211a的尺寸相等，则在第三方向上，活性物质区域210b的尺寸和非活性物质区域210a的尺寸也相等。
需要说明的是，在第三方向上，非活性物质区域210a的尺寸为金属材料涂覆活性物质层211b后，且对该金属材料做其他处理前的尺寸。并且，在第三方向上，活性物质区域和弯折结构的尺寸非绝对相同，可以在一定程度上存在误差。
在本申请实施例中，由于电极极片210的非活性物质区域210a设置有沿特定方向弯折和延伸的弯折结构211a，则无需对非活性物质区域210a进行揉平，就可使得卷绕后的电极极片210的非活性物质区域210a具有规则的弯折结构211a，这样，降低了揉平工艺可能导致的短路隐患，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
可选地，沿第一方向X设置的活性物质区域210b和非活性物质区域210a可以一体式设置，还可以分体式设置。
在本申请的实施例中，如图2所示，活性物质区域210b和非活性物质区域210a一体式设置。活性物质区域210b可以为集流体212的覆盖有活性物质层211b的区域，非活性物质区域210a可以为集流体212未覆盖活性物质层211b的区域。这样，直接在集流体212未覆盖活性物质层211b的区域内设置弯折结构211a，无需增加其他零部件，不仅便于设置弯折结构211a，还降低了电池单体的生产成本。
举例说明，集流体212可以为金属材料，也可以为半导体材料，或者，复合材料。
图3是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片210的侧视示意图。如图3所示的电极极片210中的非活性物质区域210a包括集流体212的部分区域和导电结构213， 导电结构213连接集流体212的部分区域，导电结构213包括弯折结构211a。这样，通过在集流体212上设置带有弯折结构211a的导电结构213，可以减小设置弯折结构211a时对集流体212的影响，降低对集流体212的损坏程度。
其中，集流体212的部分区域可以为集流体212未涂覆活性物质层211b的区域。活性物质层211b和集流体212可以和上述实施例描述的相同，也可以和上述实施例描述的不同。例如，集流体212可以是多个部件沿第二方向Y依次层叠形成的。
举例说明，可以在集流体212最外侧的表面涂覆活性物质层211b以形成活性物质区域210b。其中，导电结构213可以与集流体212上未涂覆活性物质层的部分区域连接，也可以与集流体212上未涂覆活性物质层的全部区域连接。导电结构213上的弯折结构211a既可以在与集流体212重合的区域设置，也可以在与集流体212不重合的区域设置。
可选地，导电结构213可以是一体式结构，也可以是多个部件相互连接的分体式结构。
图4是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片210的局部侧视示意图。例如，图4是图3中A区域的局部侧视示意图。如图4所示，集流体212包括绝缘层212a以及设置于绝缘层212a两侧的第一导电层212b和第二导电层212c，导电结构213包括第一导电部213a和第二导电部213b，第一导电部213a与第一导电层212b连接，第二导电部213b与第二导电层212c连接，第一导电部213a和第二导电部213b连接。这样，在电池单体发生热失控时，集流体212中的绝缘层212a受热发生断路效应，可以降低电池单体短路的概率，并且，通过第一导电部213a、第二导电部213b、第一导电层212b和第二导电层212c之间的相互连接，可以更好地汇集活性物质层211b产生的电流，提高了电池单体的效能。
举例说明，第一导电层212b、绝缘层212a和第二导电层212c可以沿第二方向Y依次层叠设置。其中，绝缘层212a可以是聚丙烯(polypropylene，PP)或热塑性聚酯(polyethylene terephthalate，PET)等高分子材料，第一导电层212b和第二导电层212c可以是金属材料，例如，铜，或者，铝。第一导电层212b和第二导电层212c可以通过真空镀膜的方式与绝缘层212a连接。并且，第一导电层212b和第二导电层212c远离绝缘层212a的表面的部分区域涂覆活性物质层211b。第一导电部213a与第一导电层212b远离绝缘层212a的表面的未涂覆活性物质层211b的部分区域相连，第二导电部213b与第二导电层212c远离绝缘层212a的表面的未涂覆活性物质层211b的部分区域相连。需要说明的是，第一导电部213a和第二导电部213b可以通过一体成型的方式连接，也可以通过焊接、粘结等方式连接。
需要说明的是，当第一导电部213a和第二导电部213b通过一体成型的方式连接时，第一导电部213a和第二导电部213b等同。
图5是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片210的另一局部侧视示意图。例如，图5是图3中A区域的局部侧视示意图。如图5所示，第一导电部213a沿第一方向X超出第一导电层212b的尺寸小于第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第一导电层212b的尺寸，第一导电部213a超出第一导电层212b的至少部分区域与第二导电部213b相 连，第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第一导电部213a的区域设置有弯折结构211a。这样，可以减小电极极片210的厚度。并且，由于在第二导电部213b超出第一导电部213a的区域设置弯折结构211a，则在生产过程中，可以先对第二导电部213b对应的区域设置弯折结构211a，再将第二导电部213b与第二导电层212c连接，也可以先将第二导电部213b与第二导电层212c连接后，再对第二导电部213b对应的区域设置弯折结构211a，不仅增加了设置弯折结构211a的灵活性，还可以避免在形成弯折结构211a时对第二导电部213b以外的其他部件产生损伤，降低了电极极片210的生产损耗。
其中，第一导电部213a沿第一方向X超出第一导电层212b的尺寸可以为第一导电部213a沿第一方向X超出第一导电层212b的区域内沿第一方向X的任意两个点之间的最大距离，第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第二导电层212c的尺寸可以为第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第二导电层212c的区域内沿第一方向X的任意两个点之间的最大距离。当第一导电部213a沿第一方向X超出第一导电层212b的尺寸较小时，则可以将第一导电部213a沿第一方向X背离第一导电层212b的上表面与第二导电部213b相连；当第一导电部213a沿第一方向X超出第一导电层212b的尺寸较大时，则可以将第一导电部213a沿第二方向Y靠近第一导电层212b的表面的部分区域与第二导电部213b相连。
图6是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片210的另一局部侧视示意图。例如，图6是图3中A区域的局部侧视示意图。如图6所示，第一导电部213a翻折到集流体212的第二导电层212c的一侧，并与第二导电层212c连接，第二导电部213b沿第一方向X靠近活性物质区域210b的一端与第二导电层212c连接，并连接第一导电部213a背离绝缘层212a的一侧，第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第一导电部213a的区域设置有弯折结构211a。这样，可以进一步增加第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a、第二导电层212c的接触面积，从而进一步增加电极极片210的导电能力。进一步地，由于在第二导电部213b超出第一导电部213a的区域设置弯折结构211a，则在生产过程中，可以先对第二导电部213b对应的区域设置弯折结构211a，再将第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a、第二导电层212c连接，也可以先将第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a、第二导电层212c连接后，再对第二导电部213b对应的区域设置弯折结构211a，不仅增加了设置弯折结构211a的灵活性，还可以避免在形成弯折结构211a时对第二导电部213b以外的其他部件产生损伤，降低了电极极片210的生产损耗。
举例说明，第一导电部213a翻折到集流体212的第二导电层212c沿第二方向Y远离绝缘层212a的表面，并与第二导电层212c沿第二方向Y远离绝缘层212a的表面的部分区域连接。第二导电部213b沿第一方向X靠近第二导电层212c涂覆活性物质层211b的一端与第二导电层212c未涂覆活性物质层211b的部分区域连接，并连接第一导电部213a背离绝缘层212a的表面，且超出第一导电部213a。
图7是本申请实施例公开的另一种电极极片210的又一局部侧视示意图。例如，图7是图3中A区域的局部侧视示意图。如图7所示，集流体212包括绝缘层212a以及设置于绝缘层212a两侧的第一导电层212b和第二导电层212c，导电结构213包括第一导电部213a和第二导电部213b，第一导电部213a与第一导电层212b连接，第一 导电部213a翻折到集流体212的第二导电层212c的一侧，并与第二导电层212c连接，第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a背离绝缘层212a的表面连接，第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第一导电部213a的区域设置有弯折结构211a。这样，可以在电池单体发生热失控时，集流体212中的绝缘层212a受热发生断路效应，从而降低电池单体短路的概率。而且，还可以在一定程度上增加第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a的接触面积，从而增加电极极片210的导电能力，以及在一定程度上减小第二导电部213b的面积，降低了电极极片210的生产成本。进一步地，由于在第二导电部213b超出第一导电部213a的区域设置弯折结构211a，则在生产过程中，可以先对第二导电部213b对应的区域设置弯折结构211a，再将第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a连接，也可以先将第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a连接后，再对第二导电部213b对应的区域设置弯折结构211a，不仅增加了设置弯折结构211a的灵活性，还可以避免在形成弯折结构211a时对第二导电部213b以外的其他部件产生损伤，降低了电极极片210的生产损耗。
举例说明，第一导电层212b、绝缘膜和第二导电层212c的设置方式可以和上述实施例的设置方式相同，在此不再赘述。第一导电部213a翻折到集流体212的第二导电层212c沿第二方向Y远离绝缘层212a的表面，并与第二导电层212c沿第二方向Y远离绝缘层212a的表面的部分区域连接。第二导电部213b与第一导电部213a背离绝缘层212a的表面的至少部分区域连接。
可选地，第一导电部213a与第一导电层212b的连接方式以及第二导电部213b与第二导电层212c的连接方式不固定。例如，可以通过粘结剂(例如，导热硅胶、环氧树脂胶和聚氨酯胶等)连接。优选地，上述实施例中，第一导电部213a与第一导电层212b可以通过焊接连接，第二导电部213b与第二导电层212c可以通过焊接连接。这样，可以提高第一导电部213a和第一导电层212b、第二导电部213b和第二导电层212c之间的导电能力。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中，可以在第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第一导电部213a的区域内均设置有弯折结构211a，也可以在第二导电部213b沿第一方向X超出第一导电部213a的区域中的部分区域设置有弯折结构211a。并且，如图3至图7所示，弯折结构211a可以包括至少一个弯折。即弯折结构211a的位置和弯折的数量可以根据实际情况确定。
图8示出了本申请实施例公开的一种卷绕后的电极极片210的局部侧视示意图。图9示出了本申请实施例公开的另一种卷绕后的电极极片210的局部侧视示意图。例如，图8可以是图2示出的一种电极极片210卷绕后得到的电极极片210，图9可以是图3示出的另一种电极极片210卷绕后得到的电极极片210。如图8和图9所示，电极极片210卷绕后，电极极片210相邻的圈层的弯折结构211a沿第一方向X压缩前不连接。
应理解，弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y具有预设长度，该预设长度可以根据实际情况确定，但是，为了避免电极极片210卷绕时相邻圈层的弯折结构211a之间的干扰，可以控制弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y的长度，使得相邻圈层的弯折结构211a沿 第一方向X压缩前不连接，以便于电极极片210的卷绕。其中，弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y的长度可以是弯折结构211a上沿第二方向Y的任意两个点之间的最大距离。
图10示出了本申请实施例公开的一种压缩后的电极极片210的侧视示意图。图11示出了本申请实施例公开的另一种压缩后的电极极片210的侧视示意图。例如，图10可以是图8示出的一种卷绕后的电极极片210压缩后得到的电极极片210，图11可以是图9示出的另一种卷绕后的电极极片210压缩后得到的电极极片210。如图10和图11所示，弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y的尺寸大于1.5倍的活性物质区域210b的厚度。这样，卷绕后的电极极片210的非活性物质区域210a的弯折结构211a更加便于与顶盖组件22焊接，从而提高了电池单体的生产效率。
应理解，弯折结构211a不仅沿第二方向Y具有预设长度，还沿第一方向X具有预设高度，弯折结构211a的预设长度、预设高度和压缩力度均可以控制弯折结构211a的形变情况。例如，可以用相应的压缩力度沿第一方向X压缩弯折结构211a，使得弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y的尺寸大于1.5倍的活性物质区域210b的厚度。或者，也可以在未沿第一方向压缩弯折结构211a前，弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y的尺寸大于1.5倍的活性物质区域210b的厚度。其中，弯折结构211a沿第二方向Y的尺寸为弯折结构211a上沿第二方向Y的任意两个点之间的最大距离，活性物质区域210b的厚度可以是集流体212的厚度与活性物质层211b的厚度之和。也就是说，当集流体212为金属材料时，集流体212的厚度为金属材料的厚度；当集流体212为复合材料时，集流体212的厚度为复合材料的厚度，例如，绝缘膜的厚度、第一导电层的厚度与第二导电层的厚度之和。
进一步地，如图10和图11所示，电极极片210卷绕后，电极极片210相邻的圈层的弯折结构211a相互连接。这样，不仅提高了电极极片210相邻的圈层之间的过流能力，还可以在激光焊接顶盖组件22时降低漏激光烧伤隔离膜的概率，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中，均是以弯折结构211a是L型凸起为例进行说明的。但是，弯折结构211a还可以其他形式，例如，如图12所示，弯折结构211a可以包括沿第一方向X排列相连的多个弯折部214。这样，便于在电极极片210卷绕后沿第一方向压缩，进一步降低激光焊接的影响。
举例说明，弯折结构211a包括沿第一方向X排列相连的三个弯折部214。其中，第一个弯折部214的起点Q11设置在集流体212上距离活性物质层211b的预设范围内，或者，第一个弯折部214的起点Q11设置在第一导电部213a沿第一方向X超出第二导电部213b的预设范围内。并且，第一个弯折部214的终点Q21与第二个弯折部214的终点Q22相连，第二个弯折部214的起点Q12与第三个弯折部214的起点Q13相连。
需要说明的是，图12仅示出了一种弯折部214的示例。弯折部214还可以是其他结构。并且，相邻的弯折部214可以通过起点与终点相连，也可以通过起点与起点相连、终点与终点相连，具体的连接方式不做限制。
如图12所示，弯折结构211a包括至少一个弯折部214，弯折部214的沿第三 方向的不同区域朝向第二方向Y的同一侧弯折。这样，便于设置弯折结构。
应理解，若弯折结构211a包括多个弯折部214，则任意一个弯折部214的沿第三方向Z的全部区域均朝向第二方向Y的同一侧弯折。
需要说明的是，图8至图12示出的弯折结构211a仅作为一种示例，并不能作为本申请的限制，弯折部214的数量需要根据实际情况确定。
图13是本申请实施例公开的一种电极组件21的侧视示意图。如图13所示的电极组件21包括：正电极极片210c、隔离膜210f和负电极极片210d，其中，隔离膜210f设置在正电极极片210c和负电极极片210d之间，正电极极片210c、隔离膜210f和负电极极片210d卷绕设置，正电极极片210c为前述任一实施例描述的电极极片21，和/或，负电极极片210d为前述任一实施例描述的电极极片210。
其中，正电极极片210c和负电极极片210d的描述与前述相同，在此不再赘述。隔离膜210f可以是聚丙烯或者聚乙烯(polyethylene，PE)。
在本申请实施例中，由于电极组件21具有的弯折结构211a，因此，无需对非活性物质区域210a进行揉平，就可沿第一方向X对电极组件21进行焊接。这样，就可以降低揉平工艺可能导致的短路隐患，降低了电池单体短路的概率。
可选地，正电极极片210c的非活性物质区域210a和负电极极片210d的非活性物质区域210a沿第一方向X相对设置。这样，在生产的过程中，可以同时对正电极极片210c和负电极极片210d进行相同的处理，便于电极组件21的生产。
应理解，正电极极片210c的弯折结构211a和负电极极片210d的弯折结构211a也是沿第一方向X相对设置。
可选地，正电极极片210c的相邻的圈层的弯折结构211a相互连接，以覆盖隔离膜210f和负电极极片210d，负电极极片210d的相邻的圈层的弯折结构211a覆盖隔离膜210f和正电极极片210c。由于正电极极片210c和负电极极片210d的熔点高于隔离膜210f的熔点。通过弯折结构211a覆盖相邻隔离膜210f和电极极片210，可以在激光焊接顶盖组件22时降低漏激光烧伤隔离膜210f的概率，从而降低了电池单体短路的概率。
在实际应用中，隔离膜210f沿第一方向X的高度通常大于正电极极片210c和负电极极片210d沿第一方向X的高度，则可以将弯折结构211a设置在非活性物质区域210a中沿第一方向X超出隔离膜210f的区域内。
可选地，正电极极片210c最外侧的圈层的弯折结构211a的包覆有绝缘膜。这样，可以避免弯折结构211a与电极组件21以外的导电材料接触，降低电池单体短路的概率。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中仅以正电极极片210c为例进行说明，负电极极片210d的设置与正电极极片210c的设置相同，在此不再赘述。
图14示出了本申请实施例公开的一种电池单体的示意图。图15是本申请实施例公开的一种电池单体的俯视示意图。图16是本申请实施例公开的一种焊接后的电池单体的俯视示意图。如图14至图16所示的电池单体20，该电池单体20包括前述实施例描述的电极组件21；壳体，壳体的两端具有开口，壳体用于容纳电极组件21；顶盖 组件22，顶盖组件22与弯折结构211a连接，并盖合开口。
其中，顶盖组件22可以通过激光焊接与弯折结构211a连接，并形成焊接区B。具体地，顶盖组件22的集流盘221通过激光焊接与弯折结构211a连接，并形成焊接区B。
在实际生产过程中，上述电池单体20的一种生产流程为涂布、冷压、辊焊、涂胶、分条、卷绕、压平和激光焊接顶盖组件22。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电池10，该电池10可以包括前述任一实施例描述的电极组件21。
应理解，本申请各实施例中相关的部分可以相互参考，为了简洁不再赘述。
本申请一个实施例还提供了一种用电设备，该用电设备可以包括前述实施例中的电池10。可选地，该用电设备可以为车辆1、船舶或航天器等，但本申请实施例对此并不限定。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电极极片，其特征在于，包括：
    沿第一方向(X)设置的活性物质区域(210b)和非活性物质区域(210a)；
    其中，所述非活性物质区域(210a)设置有沿第二方向(Y)弯折的弯折结构(211a)，所述弯折结构(211a)沿第三方向延伸，且在所述第三方向上，所述活性物质区域(210b)和所述弯折结构(211a)的尺寸相同，其中，所述第二方向(Y)为所述活性物质区域(210b)的厚度方向，所述第一方向(X)、所述第二方向(Y)和所述第三方向相互垂直。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述非活性物质区域(210a)包括集流体(212)的部分区域和导电结构(213)，所述导电结构(213)连接所述集流体的部分区域，所述导电结构(213)包括所述弯折结构(211a)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述集流体(212)的部分区域包括绝缘层(212a)以及设置于所述绝缘层(212a)两侧的第一导电层(212b)和第二导电层(212c)，所述导电结构(213)包括第一导电部(213a)和第二导电部(213b)，所述第一导电部(213a)与所述第一导电层(212b)连接，所述第二导电部(213b)与所述第二导电层(212c)连接，所述第一导电部(213a)和所述第二导电部(213b)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述第一导电部(213a)沿所述第一方向(X)超出所述第一导电层(212b)的尺寸小于所述第二导电部(213b)沿所述第一方向(X)超出所述第一导电层(212b)的尺寸，所述第一导电部(213a)超出所述第一导电层(212b)的至少部分区域与所述第二导电部(213b)相连，所述第二导电部(213b)沿所述第一方向(X)超出所述第一导电部(213a)的区域设置有所述弯折结构(211a)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述第一导电部(213a)翻折到所述集流体(212)的所述第二导电层(212c)的一侧，并与所述第二导电层(212c)连接，所述第二导电部(213b)沿所述第一方向(X)靠近所述活性物质区域(210b)的一端与所述第二导电层(212c)连接，并连接所述第一导电部(213a)背离所述绝缘层(212a)的一侧，所述第二导电部(213b)沿所述第一方向(X)超出所述第一导电部(213a)的区域设置有所述弯折结构(211a)。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述集流体(212)的部分区域包括绝缘层(212a)以及设置于所述绝缘层(212a)两侧的第一导电层(212b)和第二导电层(212c)，所述导电结构(213)包括第一导电部(213a)和第二导电部(213b)，所述第一导电部(213a)与所述第一导电层(212b)连接，所述第一导电部(213a)翻折到所述集流体(212)的所述第二导电层(212c)的一侧，并与所述第二导电层(212c)连接，所述第二导电部(213b)与所述第一导电部(213a)背离所述绝缘层(212a)的一侧连接，所述第二导电部(213b)沿所述第一方向(X)超出所述第一导电部(213a)的区域设置有所述弯折结构(211a)。
  7. 根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述第一导电部(213a)与所述第一导电层(212b)通过焊接连接，所述第二导电部(213b)与所述第二导电层(212c)通过焊接连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述弯折结构(211a)沿所述第二方向(Y)的尺寸大于1.5倍的所述活性物质区域(210b)的厚度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述电极极片(210)卷绕后，所述电极极片(210)相邻的圈层的所述弯折结构(211a)相互连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述弯折结构(211a)包括沿所述第一方向(X)排列连接的多个弯折部(214)。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电极极片，其特征在于，所述弯折结构(211a)包括至少一个弯折部(214)，所述弯折部(214)的沿所述第三方向(Z)的不同区域朝向所述第二方向(Y)的同一侧弯折。
  12. 一种电极组件，其特征在于，包括：正电极极片(210c)、隔离膜(210f)和负电极极片(210d)，其中，所述隔离膜(210f)设置在所述正电极极片(210c)和所述负电极极片(210d)之间，所述正电极极片(210c)、所述隔离膜(210f)和所述负电极极片(210d)卷绕设置，所述正电极极片(210a)为权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电极极片(210)，和/或，负电极极片(210d)为权利要求1至11中任一项所述的电极极片(210)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述正电极极片(210c)的所述非活性物质区域(210a)和所述负电极极片(210d)的所述非活性物质区域(210a)沿所述第一方向(X)相对设置。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述正电极极片(210c)的相邻的圈层的所述弯折结构(211a)相互连接，以覆盖所述隔离膜(210f)和所述负电极极片(210d)，所述负电极极片(210d)的相邻的圈层的所述弯折结构(211a)覆盖所述隔离膜(210f)和所述正电极极片(210a)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述正电极极片(210c)最外侧的圈层的所述弯折结构(211a)的包覆有绝缘膜。
  16. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括：
    根据权利要求12至15中任一项所述的电极组件(21)；
    壳体，所述壳体的两端具有开口，所述壳体用于容纳所述电极组件(21)；
    顶盖组件(22)，所述顶盖组件(22)与所述弯折结构(211a)连接，并盖合所述开口。
  17. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求16所述的电池单体(20)。
  18. 一种用电设备，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求17所述的电池(10)，所述电池(10)用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2023/071449 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备 Ceased WO2024148486A1 (zh)

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CN202380011255.5A CN118633175A (zh) 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 电极极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备
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