WO2024162143A1 - クロロプレン系重合体、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス及び浸漬成形物 - Google Patents
クロロプレン系重合体、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス及び浸漬成形物 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L11/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
- C08L11/02—Latex
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/02—Direct processing of dispersions, e.g. latex, to articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2311/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
- C08J2311/02—Latex
Definitions
- the present invention relates to chloroprene polymers, chloroprene polymer latexes, and dip-molded products.
- Chloroprene polymers are known as materials for dip-molded products such as medical surgical gloves, medical examination gloves, industrial gloves, balloons, catheters, and rubber boots.
- Patent Document 1 describes a polychloroprene latex with a pH of 7 to 14 that contains 100 parts by mass of modified polychloroprene obtained by copolymerizing chloroprene and methacrylic acid, 90 to 150 parts by mass of water, 1 to 5 parts by mass of an emulsifier, and 0.5 to 2.5 parts by mass of potassium ions, for use in dip-molded products.
- Patent Document 2 which is related to applications for dip-molded products, describes a mercaptan-modified polychloroprene latex obtained by copolymerizing chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, in which the peak areas (A) at 126.2 to 127.6 ppm, (B) at 122.0 to 126.2 ppm, and (C) at 129.9 to 130.3 ppm in the 13C-solid NMR spectrum of the polychloroprene are in the ranges shown by the following general formula (I).
- Patent Document 3 which is related to applications for dip-molded products, describes a chloroprene polymer latex that contains a high molecular weight component and a low molecular weight component, thereby achieving both excellent flexibility and mechanical properties in a vulcanized rubber produced by dip molding.
- Patent Document 4 which is related to applications for dip-molded products, describes a chloroprene polymer latex that exhibits excellent flexibility and mechanical properties even under mild vulcanization conditions by copolymerizing a chloroprene monomer with an isoprene monomer, which is a raw material for isoprene rubber.
- Patent Document 5 describes an isoprene/chloroprene polymer dip-molded product that exhibits excellent flexibility without the inclusion of a diphenylguanidine vulcanization accelerator by mixing an isoprene polymer latex with a chloroprene polymer latex.
- Patent Document 6 describes a dip-molded product that exhibits excellent mechanical properties by mixing a nitrile-butadiene polymer (NBR) latex or an isoprene polymer latex with a chloroprene polymer latex as a base.
- NBR nitrile-butadiene polymer
- JP 2014-114342 A International Publication No. 2019/009038 JP 2019-143002 A International Publication No. 2021-132460 Special table 2017-508840 publication JP 2020-189963 A
- the present invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and provides a chloroprene-based polymer that can give a dip-molded product that has sufficient tensile strength at break and flexibility, and that can maintain its flexibility even after long-term storage.
- a chloroprene-based polymer comprising chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units
- the chloroprene polymer contains 12 to 30 mass% of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units relative to 100 mass% in total of chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units
- the chloroprene polymer has a toluene insoluble content of 60 to 87% by mass
- a test chloroprene polymer latex composition containing the chloroprene polymer is molded by a dip coagulation method, and the obtained dip molded product is dried by heating at 130° C.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 of the dip molded product is 29 or less;
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 is expressed as HB1-HA1, HA1 represents the Shore hardness measured by heating the test dip-molded specimens at 70° C.
- HB1 represents the Shore hardness measured by subjecting the test dip-molded product to a heat treatment at 70°C for 30 minutes, storing the test dip-molded product at -10°C for 168 hours, stacking the test dip-molded product to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm, and measuring the Shore hardness using a durometer type A at -10°C.
- a chloroprene polymer in which a ratio RB/RA of the total amount RB of peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid and salts thereof to the total amount RA of peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid and salts thereof, obtained by gas chromatography analysis of an extract obtained from the test immersion molding with an ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture specified in JIS K 6229, is 0.10 or more and 0.70 or less.
- a chloroprene polymer containing chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units the chloroprene polymer containing 12 to 30% by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units relative to 100% by mass of the total of the chloroprene monomer units and the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units, the chloroprene polymer having a toluene insoluble content of 60 to 87% by mass, and a low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H of a test immersion molded product obtained by molding a test chloroprene polymer latex composition containing the chloroprene polymer by an immersion coagulation method and heating and drying the composition at 130° C.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 is represented by HB1-HA1, and HA1 represents a Shore hardness measured by stacking the test dip-molded products to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm after heat-treating the test dip-molded products under conditions of 70° C. and 30 minutes, and then measuring the Shore hardness using a durometer type A under an environment of 23° C.; HB1 represents a Shore hardness measured by stacking the test dip-molded products to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm after heat-treating the test dip-molded products under conditions of 70° C. and 30 minutes, and then storing the test dip-molded products at ⁇ 10° C.
- a chloroprene-based polymer having a ratio RB/RA of 0.10 or more and 0.70 or less of a total amount RB of peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid and salts thereof to a total amount RA of peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid and salts thereof, which is obtained by gas chromatography analysis of an extract extracted with an ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture defined in US Pat. No.
- a dip-molded product of a chloroprene polymer latex composition comprising the chloroprene polymer latex according to [3].
- the dip-molded product according to [4] which is an industrial glove, a general household glove, a medical glove, a balloon, a catheter or a boot.
- the dip-molded product has a tensile strength at break
- the chloroprene polymer of the present invention can provide a dip-molded product that has sufficient tensile strength at break and flexibility, and can maintain its flexibility even after long-term storage.
- a dip-molded product can be obtained that has excellent tensile strength at break, a sufficiently low modulus at 500% elongation, and a sufficiently low modulus at 500% elongation after 6 months of storage at 23°C.
- the obtained dip-molded product can be used as various members that require excellent tensile strength at break and flexibility, as well as flexibility after long-term storage, by taking advantage of its characteristics.
- it can be used as industrial gloves, general household gloves, medical gloves, balloons, catheters, or boots.
- the chloroprene-based polymer according to the present invention means a polymer containing a monomer unit derived from 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene (hereinafter also referred to as chloroprene).
- the chloroprene-based polymer according to the present invention contains a chloroprene monomer unit and a 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer unit.
- the chloroprene-based polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain a chloroprene monomer unit, a 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer unit, and other monomer units copolymerizable therewith.
- Examples of the other monomers include 1-chloro-1,3-butadiene, isoprene, styrene, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, and sulfur.
- the other monomers may include one of these, or may include two or more of them.
- the chloroprene polymer according to the present invention contains 12 to 30 mass% of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units, preferably 14 to 27 mass%, based on 100 mass% of the total of chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units.
- the content of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units is, for example, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 mass%, and may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the chloroprene polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain 0 to 30% by mass of other monomer units than chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units, when the chloroprene polymer is taken as 100% by mass.
- the content of the other monomer units may be, for example, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30, or may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the chloroprene polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention may also be composed of chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units.
- the content of each monomer unit means the total amount of each monomer unit in all the chloroprene polymers contained in the chloroprene polymer latex composition.
- the content of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units in a chloroprene polymer can be calculated by measuring a test piece of the chloroprene polymer obtained by freeze-drying a latex containing the chloroprene polymer using pyrolysis gas chromatography, determining the area ratio of the peak derived from chloroprene to the peak derived from 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, and using a calibration curve with respect to the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content. Specifically, it can be measured using the method in the Examples.
- the content of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units in a chloroprene polymer can be controlled by adjusting the manufacturing conditions of the chloroprene polymer, such as the type and amount of the raw materials used.
- the chloroprene polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention has a toluene insoluble content of 60 to 87% by mass, preferably 75 to 87% by mass.
- the toluene insoluble content may be, for example, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, or 87% by mass, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- Toluene-insoluble matter can be controlled by adjusting the manufacturing conditions of the chloroprene polymer, specifically, the polymerization recipe, the type and amount of chain transfer agent, polymerization temperature, polymerization time, polymerization conversion rate, etc.
- the immersion molded product obtained from the chloroprene polymer has excellent tensile strength at break and flexibility.
- the 13C solid-state NMR spectrum is used for the analysis of the microstructure of a polymer, and the molar ratios of the microstructures of a chloroprene-based polymer, namely, 1,4-trans bonds, 1,4-cis bonds, 1,2-bonds, isomerized 1,2-bonds, 3,4-bonds and isomerized 3,4-bonds, correspond to the areas of the respective peaks in the 13C solid-state NMR spectrum.
- the relational formula PA/(PB-PC) represented by the peak area PA from 126.2 to 127.6 ppm, the peak area PB from 122.0 to 126.2 ppm, and the peak area PC from 129.9 to 130.3 ppm indicates the molar ratio of 1,4-cis bond/1,4-trans bond.
- the value of PA/(PB-PC) ⁇ 100 may be, for example, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, or 5.0, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the measurement error of the peak area may be large. However, if the rise of the measured peak is higher than the baseline of the NMR spectrum chart, the measurement error of the peak area can be reduced by subtracting the area within the range between the baseline and the rise of the peak from the measured peak area.
- the value of PA/(PB-PC) x 100 can be controlled by adjusting the polymerization conditions of the chloroprene polymer, particularly the polymerization temperature.
- the dip-molded product obtained from the chloroprene polymer will have better tensile strength at break.
- the chloroprene polymer of the present invention is a test chloroprene polymer latex composition containing a chloroprene polymer, which is molded by the immersion coagulation method and then heated and dried at 130°C for 30 minutes to obtain a test immersion molded product, the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 of which is 29 or less.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 may be, for example, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, or 29, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 is expressed as HB1-HA1.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 can be calculated by storing the test immersion molded product at -10°C for 168 hours and subtracting the hardness before low-temperature storage from the hardness after low-temperature storage.
- HA1 represents the Shore hardness measured in an environment of 23°C using a durometer type A after the test immersion molded product is heat-treated at 70°C for 30 minutes (before storing it at -10°C for 168 hours), and then stacked to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm.
- HB1 represents the Shore hardness measured in an environment at -10°C using a durometer type A after the test immersion molded product is heated at 70°C for 30 minutes (before storing at -10°C for 168 hours) and then stored at -10°C for 168 hours, and the test immersion molded product is stacked to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
- the heat treatment at 70°C for 30 minutes is intended to melt the crystalline structure contained in the test immersion molded product before storing at -10°C for 168 hours, and it is believed that the crystalline structure melts when the heat treatment is performed at 70°C for 30 minutes.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H1 can be controlled by adjusting the manufacturing conditions of the chloroprene polymer.
- the dip-molded product obtained from the chloroprene polymer will have excellent flexibility even after long-term storage.
- the chloroprene polymer according to the present invention has a ratio RB/RA of the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid and their salts to the total amount RA of the peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid and their salts, which is obtained by gas chromatography analysis of an extract extracted from a test immersion molded product with an ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture as specified in JIS K 6229, of 0.10 or more and 0.70 or less.
- RB/RA is preferably 0.15 to 0.50.
- RB/RA may be, for example, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, or 0.70, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- RB/RA can be determined by extracting the test immersion molded product with an ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture (ETA solution) specified in JIS K 6229, treating the extract with hydrochloric acid, analyzing the extract by gas chromatography, and calculating the content ratio RB/RA ((conjugated resin acid component b)/(non-conjugated resin acid component a)) of the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid and their salts to the total amount RA of the peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid and their salts. Specifically, it can be determined by the method described in the Examples.
- ETA solution ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture
- RB/RA can be controlled by adjusting the type and amount of emulsifier (particularly rosin acid and/or rosin acid salt) used during emulsion polymerization of the polymer contained in the chloroprene polymer.
- emulsifier particularly rosin acid and/or rosin acid salt
- the tensile strength at break of a test immersion molded product made from the test chloroprene polymer latex composition is preferably 20.0 MPa or more, more preferably 23.0 MPa or more.
- the tensile strength at break may be, for example, 20.0, 21.0, 22.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 26.0, 27.0, 28.0, 29.0, 30.0, 31.0, 32.0, 33.0, 34.0, 35.0, 36.0, 37.0, 38.0, 39.0, or 40.0 MPa, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the 500% elongation modulus of the chloroprene polymer measured according to JIS K 6251 on a test immersion molded product made from the test chloroprene polymer latex composition, is preferably 2.00 MPa or less, more preferably 1.80 MPa or less.
- the 500% elongation modulus may be, for example, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, or 2.00 MPa, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the chloroprene polymer has a modulus at 500% elongation of 2.50 MPa or less, as measured according to JIS K 6251, after a test immersion molded product made from the test chloroprene polymer latex composition is stored at 23°C for six months.
- the modulus at 500% elongation is, for example, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.1.0, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, or 2.50 MPa, and may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the tensile strength at break, the modulus at 500% elongation, and the modulus at 500% elongation measured according to JIS K 6251 after storage at 23°C for 6 months can be measured by the method described in the Examples.
- the test immersion molding can be obtained by molding a test chloroprene polymer latex composition with a solids concentration of 30% by mass, which is prepared so that it contains 2 parts by mass of zinc oxide, 2 parts by mass of a butylated reaction product of p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene, 0.1 parts by mass of the sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate, and water per 100 parts by mass of chloroprene polymer solids, by the immersion coagulation method, and then by heating and drying at 130°C for 30 minutes.
- the method for producing a chloroprene polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the method for producing a chloroprene polymer according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a polymerization step of polymerizing raw material monomers including chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene to obtain a chloroprene polymer.
- the raw material monomers are polymerized by a polymerization method such as emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, or bulk polymerization.
- a polymerization method such as emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, or bulk polymerization.
- emulsion polymerization is preferred because it is easy to control, the polymer can be easily removed from the polymerization-finished liquid, and the polymerization rate is relatively fast.
- a production method can include an emulsion polymerization step in which raw material monomers including chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene are polymerized in the presence of an emulsifier to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex containing a chloroprene polymer.
- raw material monomers including chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene are emulsion-polymerized using an emulsifier, a dispersant, a polymerization initiator, a chain transfer agent, a reducing agent, etc., as appropriate, and when the desired polymerization rate is reached, a polymerization terminator is added to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex.
- a concentration method such as reduced pressure distillation.
- the monomers include chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, and may also include other monomers copolymerizable with chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene.
- the other monomers are as described above as the monomer units that the chloroprene polymer may contain.
- the type and amount of each monomer charged are preferably adjusted so that the content of each monomer unit in the resulting chloroprene polymer falls within the above-described numerical range.
- the emulsifier preferably contains rosin acid and/or a rosin acid salt.
- the rosin acid salt include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts.
- the amount of the rosin acid and the rosin acid salt added may be 3.0 to 10.0 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the raw material monomer used.
- the amount of the rosin acid and the rosin acid salt added may be, for example, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.0, or 10.0 parts by mass, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the rosin acid and/or rosin acid salt may contain a conjugated resin acid component and a non-conjugated resin acid component.
- the conjugated resin acid component include abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, and salts thereof.
- the non-conjugated resin acid component include dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydropimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, and salts thereof.
- the rosin acid and rosin acid salts used in the emulsion polymerization step may have a ratio RB/RA of 0.10 or more and 0.70 or less of the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid and their salts to the total amount RA of the peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid and their salts, as obtained from gas chromatography analysis of an extract extracted with an ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture as specified in JIS K 6229.
- the RB/RA of the rosin acid and rosin acid salts may be, for example, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, or may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the RB/RA of the test immersion molded product of the obtained chloroprene-based polymer can be adjusted by adjusting the type and amount of the rosin acid and/or rosin acid salt.
- the emulsifier may also include emulsifiers and dispersants other than rosin acid and rosin acid salts, and as emulsifiers and dispersants other than rosin acid and rosin acid salts, cationic, anionic, and nonionic emulsifiers and dispersants may be used.
- the emulsifier used in the emulsion polymerization process may include rosin acid and/or rosin acid salts and an anionic emulsifier and dispersant.
- anionic emulsifier and dispersant it is preferable to use an anionic emulsifier and dispersant of a sulfate salt or sulfonate salt in combination from the viewpoint of stabilizing the chloroprene polymer latex when the pH adjuster is added.
- alkyl sulfonates having 8 to 20 carbon atoms alkyl aryl sulfates, condensates of sodium ⁇ -naphthalene sulfonate and formaldehyde, and sodium alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonate may be mentioned.
- the amount of the anionic emulsifier and dispersant added may be 0.05 to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the raw material monomer.
- the amount of anionic emulsifier or dispersant added is, for example, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of raw material monomer, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- Chain Transfer Agent In the emulsion polymerization step, it is preferable to add a chain transfer agent to adjust the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and toluene insolubles of the chloroprene polymer.
- the chain transfer agent may be added at the beginning of polymerization or during polymerization.
- long-chain alkyl mercaptans such as n-dodecyl mercaptan and t-dodecyl mercaptan
- dialkyl xanthogen disulfides such as diisopropyl xanthogen disulfide and diethyl xanthogen disulfide are preferable.
- the chain transfer agent can be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the total amount of the chain transfer agent added during emulsion polymerization is preferably 0.005 to 0.12 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the chloroprene monomer and the monomer copolymerizable with the chloroprene monomer.
- the total amount of chain transfer agent added is, for example, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.11, or 0.12 parts by mass, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the polymerization initiator As the polymerization initiator, a conventional radical polymerization initiator can be used. Specifically, organic or inorganic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile are used. In addition, a cocatalyst such as anthraquinone sulfonate, potassium sulfite, or sodium sulfite may be used in combination as appropriate.
- organic or inorganic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile are used.
- a cocatalyst such as anthraquinone sulfonate, potassium sulfite, or sodium sulfite may be used in combination as appropriate.
- sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide can be used in the emulsion polymerization step.
- the amount of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide can be 0.01 to 2.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the raw material monomer.
- a reducing agent in the emulsion polymerization step, a reducing agent can be added.
- the reducing agent include potassium pyrosulfite, potassium sulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite, potassium phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen sulfite, sodium sulfate, thiourea dioxide, etc.
- the amount of the reducing agent added can be 0.005 to 3.0 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the raw material monomer used in the polymerization step.
- the polymerization conversion rate of the raw material monomer during emulsion polymerization of a chloroprene-based polymer or the like is preferably 50% by mass or more and less than 90% by mass.
- the polymerization conversion rate (mass%) is calculated by [(polymer mass/total monomer mass) ⁇ 100].
- the polymerization conversion rate may be simply referred to as the polymerization rate.
- the chloroprene polymer can be polymerized, for example, in the range of 0 to 45° C., and is preferably polymerized at a low temperature of 5 to 20° C.
- the polymerization temperature is, for example, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, or 45° C., and may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the microstructure in the chloroprene polymer can be adjusted, and in particular, the value of PA/(PB-PC) ⁇ 100 can be controlled. For example, by lowering the polymerization temperature, the value of PA/(PB-PC) ⁇ 100 can be reduced.
- the method for producing a chloroprene polymer latex according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a step of removing unreacted monomers by a concentration method such as vacuum distillation.
- the solid content concentration of the chloroprene polymer latex is not particularly limited, but can be adjusted to 40 to 65 mass %.
- the solid content concentration of the chloroprene polymer latex can be controlled by adjusting the blending ratio including a solvent such as water during emulsion polymerization of the chloroprene polymer, or by a concentration step such as vacuum distillation.
- a freezing stabilizer, emulsion stabilizer, viscosity modifier, antioxidant, preservative, etc. can be added after polymerization as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- all of the raw material monomers and chemicals used in the polymerization process can be charged into the polymerization vessel before the polymerization starts, or at least a portion of the raw material monomers and/or chemicals used in the polymerization process can be charged into the polymerization vessel before the polymerization starts, and the remainder can be added in portions after the polymerization starts.
- the remaining raw material monomers and/or chemicals can be added in one or more portions, or can be added continuously at a constant flow rate.
- at least a portion of the raw material monomers can be added in portions after the start of polymerization.
- chloroprene and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene are used as raw material monomers, a portion of the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene can be added in portions after the start of polymerization.
- Chloroprene-based polymer latex The chloroprene-based polymer latex according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain a chloroprene-based polymer and water.
- a latex containing a chloroprene-based polymer obtained after the chloroprene-based polymer polymerization may be called a chloroprene-based polymer latex.
- the chloroprene-based polymer latex may further contain raw materials used in the emulsion polymerization step, such as an emulsifier.
- a dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can be a dip-molded product of a chloroprene polymer latex composition containing a chloroprene polymer latex.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can be obtained by dip-molding a chloroprene polymer latex composition described below by the dip coagulation method, and then heating and drying the resulting product at 130°C for 30 minutes.
- the dip-molded product according to the present invention has high tensile strength at break, low modulus at 500% elongation, and low modulus at 500% elongation after long-term storage.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can be suitably used as industrial gloves, general household gloves, medical gloves, balloons, catheters, or boots.
- the dip-molded product according to the present invention may have components contained in the chloroprene polymer latex composition described below.
- the dip-molded product may contain a chloroprene polymer as a base polymer, and may contain 70% by mass or more of the chloroprene polymer when the dip-molded product is taken as 100% by mass, preferably 80% by mass or more, and more preferably 90% by mass or more.
- the content of the chloroprene polymer in the dip-molded product may be, for example, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100% by mass, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the dip-molded product containing the chloroprene polymer according to the present invention has high tensile strength at break, low modulus at 500% elongation, and low modulus at 500% elongation after long-term storage, regardless of whether a vulcanizing agent and vulcanization accelerator are added.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can be one that does not contain a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator, and may not contain sulfur or vulcanization accelerators such as thiuram, dithiocarbamate, thiourea, guanidine, xanthogenate, or thiazole.
- the dip molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably has a low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2 of 29 or less.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2 may be, for example, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, or 29, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2 is represented by HB2-HA2, where HA2 represents the Shore hardness measured in an environment of 23°C after the dip-molded product is heated at 70°C for 30 minutes, stacked to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm, and measured using a durometer type A.
- HB2 represents the Shore hardness measured in an environment of -10°C after the dip-molded product is heated at 70°C for 30 minutes and further stored at -10°C for 168 hours, stacked to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm, and measured using a durometer type A.
- the immersion molded product has a ratio RB/RA of 0.10 or more and 0.70 or less of the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid and their salts to the total amount RA of the peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid and their salts, which is obtained from gas chromatography analysis of an extract extracted with an ethanol/toluene azeotropic mixture as specified in JIS K 6229.
- RB/RA may be, for example, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, or 0.70, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain 12 to 30 mass% of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units, preferably 14 to 27 mass%, relative to 100 mass% in total of chloroprene monomer units and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units.
- the content of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene monomer units may be, for example, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30 mass%, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the immersion molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably has a tensile strength at break of 20.0 MPa or more, more preferably 23.0 MPa or more, measured based on JIS K 6251.
- the tensile strength at break may be, for example, 20.0, 21.0, 22.0, 23.0, 24.0, 25.0, 26.0, 27.0, 28.0, 29.0, 30.0, 31.0, 32.0, 33.0, 34.0, 35.0, 36.0, 37.0, 38.0, 39.0, or 40.0 MPa, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably has a modulus at 500% elongation measured according to JIS K 6251 of 2.00 MPa or less, and more preferably 1.80 MPa or less.
- the modulus at 500% elongation may be, for example, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, or 2.00 MPa, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably has a modulus at 500% elongation of 2.50 MPa or less after storage at 23°C for six months, as measured according to JIS K6251.
- the modulus at 500% elongation is, for example, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.1.0, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, or 2.50 MPa, and may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the methods for measuring the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2, RB/RA, tensile strength at break, modulus at 500% elongation, and modulus at 500% elongation after storage at 23°C for 6 months of the immersion molded product are as described above in the section on chloroprene polymers.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can have a low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2 of 29 or less, a tensile strength at break measured according to JIS K 6251 of 20.0 MPa or more, and a 500% modulus of 2.00 MPa or less. Furthermore, the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can satisfy the above requirements in three or more, four or more, or all of the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2, RB/RA, tensile strength at break, modulus at 500% elongation, and modulus at 500% elongation after storage at 23°C for six months.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention contains a chloroprene polymer, and may further contain an antioxidant and a metal oxide.
- the dip-molded product may also contain a vulcanizing agent, a vulcanization accelerator, and a crosslinking agent.
- the method for producing the dip-molded product may be as described in the Examples.
- the low-temperature hardness change ⁇ H2, RB/RA, tensile strength at break, modulus at 500% elongation, and modulus at 500% elongation after storage at 23°C for 6 months of the immersion molded product can be controlled by adjusting the manufacturing method for the chloroprene polymer, for example, the type and amount of the raw material blend, the type and amount of the agent used, and the polymerization conditions.
- the thickness (for example, the minimum thickness) of the dip-molded product may be 0.01 to 0.50 mm.
- the thickness of the dip-molded product may be, for example, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, or 0.50 mm, and may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the thickness of the dip-molded product can be adjusted by the time for which the mold is immersed in the chloroprene polymer latex composition, the solids concentration of the chloroprene polymer latex composition, and the like. When it is desired to reduce the thickness of the dip-molded product, the immersion time may be shortened or the solids concentration of the chloroprene polymer latex composition may be reduced.
- the dip-molded product may contain sulfur or a vulcanization accelerator.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention can have mechanical properties equal to or greater than those of a vulcanized dip-molded product obtained from a chloroprene polymer latex composition containing a conventional chloroprene polymer, even if it does not contain sulfur or a vulcanization accelerator.
- the chloroprene polymer according to the present invention is preferably used as a raw material for the dip-molded product (dip-molded body) of the chloroprene polymer of this embodiment.
- the method for producing a dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of: The method may include a dip molding step of dip molding a chloroprene polymer latex composition containing the above-described chloroprene polymer to obtain a dip molded body, and a drying step of heating and drying the dip molded body to obtain a dip molded product.
- the chloroprene-based polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention contains the chloroprene-based polymer described above.
- the chloroprene-based polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain a metal oxide, an antioxidant, and other necessary chemicals in addition to the chloroprene-based polymer.
- the chloroprene-based polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may not contain a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator, and may not contain sulfur and vulcanization accelerators such as thiuram, dithiocarbamate, thiourea, guanidine, xanthogenate, and thiazole.
- the chloroprene polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain a metal oxide.
- the metal oxide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include zinc oxide, lead oxide, trilead tetroxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, beryllium oxide, and titanium oxide.
- the metal oxide preferably contains zinc oxide.
- Zinc oxide is generally considered to function as a scavenger for dechlorinated atoms in chloroprene polymers. These metal oxides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of metal oxide added is preferably 0.5 to 15.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the chloroprene polymer contained in the chloroprene polymer latex composition. If the amount of metal oxide added is 0.5 parts by mass or more, the cross-linking effect between the polymers is expected to improve the tensile strength at break. If the amount of metal oxide added is 15.0 parts by mass or less, a dip-molded product with excellent flexibility can be obtained. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of the balance of physical properties between the flexibility and tensile strength at break of the obtained dip-molded product, the amount of metal oxide added is more preferably 0.5 to 5.0 parts by mass.
- the chloroprene polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain an antioxidant.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited, and a phenol-based antioxidant, an amine-based antioxidant, a heat-resistant oxidation (aging) inhibitor, an ozone-resistant antioxidant, etc. can be used.
- a phenol-based antioxidant can be used from the viewpoint of the color tone, texture, and hygiene of the dip-molded product.
- a hindered phenol-based antioxidant has a strong effect.
- hindered phenol-based antioxidant examples include 2,2'-methylenebis(4-ethyl-6-t-butylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidene(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), butylated reaction products of p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene, 2,5'-di-t-butylhydroquinone, and 2,5'-di-t-amylhydroquinone.
- the butylated reaction products of p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene are preferred from the viewpoint of being generally dispersible in aqueous materials.
- these compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of antioxidant added is preferably 0.5 to 10.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the chloroprene polymer contained in the chloroprene polymer latex composition.
- the amount of antioxidant added may be, for example, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, or 10.0 parts by mass, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- the amount of antioxidant added is 0.5 parts by mass or more, it is possible to obtain an effect of suppressing color change of the immersion molded product.
- the amount of antioxidant added is 10.0 parts by mass or less, the stability of the chloroprene polymer latex composition is ensured.
- the amount of antioxidant added is more preferably 0.5 to 5.0 parts by mass.
- the chloroprene polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may contain a vulcanizing agent and/or a vulcanization accelerator.
- the chloroprene polymer latex composition according to one embodiment of the present invention may not contain sulfur and the above-mentioned thiuram-based, dithiocarbamate-based, thiourea-based, guanidine-based, xanthogenate-based, thiazole-based, or other vulcanization accelerators.
- the chloroprene polymer latex composition includes those containing a vulcanizing agent but not a vulcanization accelerator, those containing a vulcanizing agent but not a vulcanization accelerator, those containing a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator, and those containing no vulcanizing agent or a vulcanization accelerator. Whether or not to add a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator may be determined depending on the intended dip-molded product.
- vulcanizing agents include, but are not limited to, sulfur.
- the amount of vulcanizing agent added can be 0 to 10.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the chloroprene polymer contained in the chloroprene polymer latex composition.
- the amount of vulcanizing agent added can be, for example, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 parts by mass, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- a vulcanization accelerator is a chemical that acts with a vulcanizing agent during the vulcanization of raw rubber to increase the vulcanization speed, shorten the vulcanization time, lower the vulcanization temperature, reduce the amount of vulcanizing agent, and improve the physical properties of the vulcanized rubber. It usually refers to a chemical that accelerates the sulfur vulcanization reaction.
- vulcanization accelerators include, but are not limited to, thiuram-based, dithiocarbamate-based, thiourea-based, guanidine-based, xanthogenate-based, thiazole-based, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more types as necessary.
- Thiuram-based vulcanization accelerators include tetramethylthiuram disulfide, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, tetrabutylthiuram disulfide, tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulfide, tetramethylthiuram monosulfide, and dipentamethylenethiuram tetrasulfide.
- Dithiocarbamate-based vulcanization accelerators include sodium dibutyldithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, zinc N-ethyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate, zinc N-pentamethylenedithiocarbamate, copper dimethyldithiocarbamate, ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate, tellurium diethyldithiocarbamate, etc., with zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate being particularly preferred.
- Thiourea-based vulcanization accelerators include ethylene thiourea, N,N'-diethyl thiourea, trimethyl thiourea, and N,N'-diphenyl thiourea.
- Guanidine-based vulcanization accelerators include 1,3-diphenylguanidine, 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine, 1-o-tolylbiguanide, and di-o-tolylguanidine salt of dicatechol borate.
- Xanthogenate-based vulcanization accelerators include zinc butyl xanthogenate and zinc isopropyl xanthogenate.
- Thiazole-based vulcanization accelerators include 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, di-2-benzothiazolyl disulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole zinc salt, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole cyclohexylamine salt, and 2-(4'-morpholinodithio)benzothiazole.
- the amount of vulcanization accelerator added can be 0 to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the chloroprene polymer contained in the chloroprene polymer latex composition.
- the amount of vulcanization accelerator added can be, for example, 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, or 5.0, and may be within a range between any two of the numerical values exemplified here.
- a method for producing a chloroprene polymer latex composition may include a raw material mixing step of mixing raw materials including a chloroprene polymer, a metal oxide, an antioxidant, and other required chemicals.
- a raw material mixing step of mixing raw materials including a chloroprene polymer, a metal oxide, an antioxidant, and other required chemicals.
- an aqueous dispersion containing the metal oxide, the antioxidant, and other necessary chemicals may be prepared in advance, and the chloroprene polymer and the aqueous dispersion may be mixed together.
- the mixing step can be carried out using a known mixing device such as a ball mill.
- the method for producing a dip molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a dip molding step of dip molding a chloroprene polymer latex composition containing the chloroprene polymer obtained by the above-described method for producing a chloroprene polymer to obtain a dip molded product.
- the method of dip molding according to one embodiment of the present invention includes, for example, the dip solidification method, the simple dip method, the heat-sensitive dip method, the electrodeposition method, and the like.
- the dip solidification method can be used from the viewpoint of ease of production and the viewpoint of the ease of obtaining a dip molded body of a uniform thickness.
- a ceramic mold coated with a calcium-based coagulating liquid is immersed in a chloroprene-based polymer latex composition to coagulate the chloroprene-based polymer latex composition.
- Water-soluble impurities are then removed by leaching, and the composition is then dried, and further heated and vulcanized to form a dip molded film (rubber film), which is then released from the mold. This allows a film-like dip molded body to be obtained.
- the method for producing a dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a drying step of heating and drying the dip-molded product to obtain a dip-molded product.
- the heating temperature may be set appropriately according to the composition of the chloroprene polymer, and may be 120 to 180°C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 120 to 150°C.
- the heating temperature may be, for example, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, or 220°C, and may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the heating time may be set appropriately according to the composition of the chloroprene polymer, the shape of the unvulcanized molded body, etc., and may be 10 to 300 minutes.
- the heating time may be, for example, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, or 300 minutes, or may be within a range between any two of the values exemplified here.
- the dip-molded product according to one embodiment of the present invention may be one that has been subjected to a heat drying treatment at 130° C. for 30 minutes.
- Example 1 Into a polymerization vessel having an internal volume of 30 L, 80 parts by mass of chloroprene (monomer), 20 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 90 parts by mass of pure water, 4.6 parts by mass of conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid (trade name "Hartall R-WW”, manufactured by Harima Chemicals Co., Ltd.), 0.03 parts by mass of n-dodecyl mercaptan, 1.6 parts by mass of potassium hydroxide, 0.5 parts by mass of sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (trade name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation), 0.5 parts by mass of sodium hydrogen sulfite, and 0.03 parts by mass of thiourea dioxide were added.
- chloroprene monomer
- 20 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene 90 parts by mass of pure water
- polymerization was carried out by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous solution of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator.
- a polymerization rate reached 83%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine as a polymerization terminator was added to terminate the polymerization, thereby obtaining a polymerization liquid.
- the polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and then concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass.
- the sampled chloroprene polymer latex was used to measure the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer.
- the toluene insoluble portion of the chloroprene polymer was also measured.
- the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum of the chloroprene polymer was also measured. The analysis results are shown in Table 1. The measurement method will be described later.
- Example 2 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that chloroprene (monomer) was 85 parts by mass and 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene was 15 parts by mass.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- a dip-molded test product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 Into a polymerization vessel having an internal volume of 30 L, 87 parts by mass of chloroprene (monomer), 7 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 90 parts by mass of pure water, 4.6 parts by mass of conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid (trade name "Hartall R-WW”, manufactured by Harima Chemicals Co., Ltd.), 0.03 parts by mass of n-dodecyl mercaptan, 1.6 parts by mass of potassium hydroxide, 0.5 parts by mass of sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (trade name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation), 0.5 parts by mass of sodium hydrogen sulfite, and 0.03 parts by mass of thiourea dioxide were added.
- chloroprene monomer
- 7 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene 90 parts by mass of pure water
- Polymerization was carried out at a polymerization temperature of 15° C. under a nitrogen gas flow by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous solution of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator.
- a polymerization rate of the charged monomer reached 15%, 6 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene was continuously added over 120 minutes.
- the polymerization rate of the initially charged monomer and the continuously added monomer reached 83%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine, a polymerization terminator, was added to terminate the polymerization, thereby obtaining a polymerization liquid.
- the polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- a test immersion molded product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polymerization was terminated at a polymerization rate of 70%.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and further concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass.
- a dip-molded test product was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analytical results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polymerization was terminated at a polymerization rate of 64%.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- a dip-molded product for testing was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 To a polymerization vessel having an internal volume of 30 L, 80 parts by mass of chloroprene (monomer), 20 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 90 parts by mass of pure water, 2.2 parts by mass of conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid (product name "Harthall R-WW”, manufactured by Harima Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 9.6 parts by mass of gum rosin-based disproportionated potassium rosinate (aqueous solution) (product name "Londis K-25", manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.03 parts by mass of n-dodecyl mercaptan, 1.6 parts by mass of potassium hydroxide, 0.5 parts by mass of sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (product name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation), 0.5 parts by mass of sodium hydrogen sulfite, and 0.03 parts by mass of thiourea dioxide were added continuously as a
- Example 7 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of the conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid in Example 1 was changed to 9 parts by mass.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- the obtained latex was subjected to preparation of a dip-molded test product in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 8 Into a polymerization vessel having an internal volume of 30 L, 90 parts by mass of chloroprene (monomer), 10 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 90 parts by mass of pure water, 4.6 parts by mass of conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid (trade name "Hartall R-WW”, manufactured by Harima Chemicals Co., Ltd.), 0.03 parts by mass of n-dodecyl mercaptan, 1.6 parts by mass of potassium hydroxide, 0.5 parts by mass of sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (trade name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation), and 0.5 parts by mass of sodium hydrogen sulfite were added.
- Polymerization was carried out by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous solution of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator at a polymerization temperature of 40° C. under a nitrogen gas flow. When the polymerization rate reached 70%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine as a polymerization terminator was added to terminate the polymerization, thereby obtaining a polymerization liquid. The polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass.
- the obtained latex was subjected to the preparation of a dip-molded test product in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 9 To a polymerization vessel having an internal volume of 30 L, 85 parts by mass of chloroprene (monomer), 15 parts by mass of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene, 90 parts by mass of pure water, 4.3 parts by mass of conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid (product name "Harthall R-WW”, manufactured by Harima Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.5 parts by mass (in terms of solid content) of gum rosin-based disproportionated potassium rosin acid aqueous solution (product name "Londis K-25", manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.03 parts by mass of n-dodecyl mercaptan, 1.5 parts by mass of potassium hydroxide, and 0.5 parts by mass of sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (product name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation) were added.
- chloroprene monomer
- Polymerization was carried out at a polymerization temperature of 20° C. under a nitrogen gas flow by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous potassium persulfate solution as a polymerization initiator. When the polymerization rate reached 83%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine, a polymerization terminator, was added to terminate the polymerization, yielding a polymerization liquid. The polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass. The obtained latex was used to prepare a test immersion molded product in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of chloroprene (monomer) was 93 parts by mass and the amount of 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene was 7 parts by mass.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- the obtained latex was subjected to preparation of a dip-molded test product in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 3 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of the conjugated resin acid-based rosin acid was 11 parts by mass.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- the obtained latex was subjected to preparation of a dip-molded test product in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 2.
- polymerization was carried out by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous solution of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator.
- a polymerization rate reached 83%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine as a polymerization terminator was added to terminate the polymerization, thereby obtaining a polymerization liquid.
- the polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and concentrated to obtain a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass.
- the obtained latex was subjected to the preparation of a dip-molded test product in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analysis results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polymerization rate at which the polymerization in Example 1 was terminated was 50%.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content concentration of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration. From the obtained latex, a dip-molded product for testing was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. Furthermore, the 2,3-dichloro-1,3-butadiene content of the chloroprene polymer, the toluene insoluble content, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-solid NMR) spectrum were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The analytical results are shown in Table 2.
- polymerization was carried out by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous solution of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator.
- a polymerization rate reached 89%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine as a polymerization terminator was added to terminate the polymerization, thereby obtaining a polymerization liquid.
- the polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass was obtained by a concentration operation. The obtained latex was subjected to preparation of a dip-molded test specimen in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Comparative Example 7 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the polymerization temperature in Comparative Example 6 was 17° C. and the polymerization rate at which the polymerization was terminated was 87%.
- the obtained polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass was obtained by concentration.
- the obtained latex was subjected to preparation of a dip-molded test product in the same manner as in Example 1.
- polymerization was carried out by continuously adding a 0.35% by mass aqueous solution of potassium persulfate as a polymerization initiator.
- a polymerization rate reached 67%, 0.1 parts by mass of diethylhydroxylamine as a polymerization terminator was added to terminate the polymerization, thereby obtaining a polymerization liquid.
- the polymerization liquid was distilled under reduced pressure to remove unreacted monomers, and a chloroprene polymer latex having a solid content of 60% by mass was obtained by a concentration operation. The obtained latex was subjected to preparation of a dip-molded test specimen in the same manner as in Example 1.
- ⁇ Toluene insolubles> The chloroprene polymer obtained by freeze-drying the chloroprene polymer latex was cut into 2 mm squares to obtain a test piece. The test piece was placed in a conical beaker, and then dissolved in 80 g of toluene for 16 hours. Then, after centrifugal separation, the gel fraction (insoluble fraction) was separated using a 200 mesh wire net. The gel fraction was then dried, and the mass of the dried product was measured.
- the toluene insoluble fraction in the chloroprene polymer was calculated by the following formula, where Ag is the chloroprene polymer after freeze-drying, and Bg is the gel fraction (insoluble fraction) separated from the mixture dissolved in toluene.
- Ag is the chloroprene polymer after freeze-drying
- Bg is the gel fraction (insoluble fraction) separated from the mixture dissolved in toluene.
- a test chloroprene polymer latex composition containing the above-mentioned chloroprene polymer-containing latex was prepared by the following method, which was then dip-molded to obtain a dip-molded product, which was then heated and dried to produce a test dip-molded product for evaluation.
- a test chloroprene polymer latex composition was prepared by mixing 100 parts by mass of the solid content of each chloroprene polymer with an aqueous dispersion, and further adding water to adjust the total solid content concentration of the blend to 30% by mass.
- the aqueous dispersion was prepared by mixing 2 parts by mass of two kinds of zinc oxide, 2 parts by mass of a butylated reaction product of p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene (trade name "Nocrac PBK", manufactured by Ouchi Shinko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 0.1 part by mass of a sodium salt of ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (trade name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation) and 11 parts by mass of water in a ceramic ball mill at 20° C. for 16 hours.
- the obtained test chloroprene polymer latex composition contained, relative to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the chloroprene polymer, 2 parts by mass of two types of zinc oxide, 2 parts by mass of a butylated reaction product of p-cresol and dicyclopentadiene (product name "Nocrac PBK", manufactured by Ouchi Shinko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 0.1 part by mass of a sodium salt of a ⁇ -naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate (product name "Demol N", manufactured by Kao Corporation), and water.
- a ceramic cylinder (manufactured by Shinko Co., Ltd.) with an outer diameter of 50 mm was immersed for 1 second in a coagulation liquid made of a mixture of 62 parts by mass of water, 35 parts by mass of potassium nitrate tetrahydrate, and 3 parts by mass of calcium carbonate, and then removed. After drying for 3 minutes, it was immersed for 2 minutes in the test chloroprene polymer latex composition prepared by the above-mentioned procedure. It was then washed for 1 minute with running water at 45°C, and dried for 30 minutes at 130°C to prepare a test immersion molded film.
- the thickness (film thickness) of the dip-molded film for evaluating tensile properties was measured at three points in the center using a test piece thickness gauge (manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd., product name: ASKER SDA-12), and the minimum thickness was taken as the thickness of the dip-molded film for testing. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- HA represents the Shore hardness measured in an environment of 23°C using a durometer type A after the test dip-molded product before storage at -10°C for 168 hours is subjected to a heat treatment for crystallization at 70°C for 30 minutes, the test dip-molded product is stacked to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm, and the shore hardness measured in an environment of -10°C using a durometer type A after the test dip-molded product before storage at -10°C for 168 hours is heat treated for crystallization at 70°C for 30 minutes, the test dip-molded product is further stored at -10°C for 168 hours, and the test dip-molded product is stacked to a thickness of 6.00 ⁇ 0.20 mm
- RB/RA is the ratio of the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, and their salts to the total amount RA of the peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, and their salts
- the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, and their salts was determined, and the ratio RB/RA ((conjugated resin acid component b)/(non-conjugated resin acid component a)) of the total amount RB of the peak areas of abietic acid, neoabietic acid, palustric acid, levopimaric acid, and their salts to the total amount RA of the peak areas of dehydroabietic acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid, dihydroabietic acid, and their salts in the test dip-molded product was calculated.
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Abstract
Description
前記クロロプレン系重合体は、クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の合計100質量%に対して、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位を12~30質量%含有し、
前記クロロプレン系重合体は、トルエン不溶分が60~87質量%であって、
前記クロロプレン系重合体を含む試験用クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を、浸漬凝固法により成形し、130℃、30分間加熱乾燥処理して得られる試験用浸漬成形物の低温硬度変化ΔH1が29以下であり、
前記低温硬度変化ΔH1は、HB1-HA1で表され、
HA1は、前記試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
HB1は、前記試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理し、さらに、前記試験用浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
前記試験用浸漬成形物から、JIS K 6229で規定されるエタノール/トルエン共沸混合物で抽出される抽出物のガスクロマトグラフィー分析から得られる、デヒドロアビエチン酸、ピマール酸、イソピマール酸、ジヒドロアビエチン酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RAに対するアビエチン酸、ネオアビエチン酸、パラストリン酸、レボピマール酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RBの比RB/RAが0.10以上0.70以下である、クロロプレン系重合体が提供される。
[1]クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位を含むクロロプレン系重合体であって、前記クロロプレン系重合体は、クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の合計100質量%に対して、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位を12~30質量%含有し、前記クロロプレン系重合体は、トルエン不溶分が60~87質量%であって、前記クロロプレン系重合体を含む試験用クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を、浸漬凝固法により成形し、130℃、30分間加熱乾燥処理して得られる試験用浸漬成形物の低温硬度変化ΔH1が29以下であり、前記低温硬度変化ΔH1は、HB1-HA1で表され、HA1は、前記試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、HB1は、前記試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理し、さらに、前記試験用浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、前記試験用浸漬成形物から、JIS K 6229で規定されるエタノール/トルエン共沸混合物で抽出される抽出物のガスクロマトグラフィー分析から得られる、デヒドロアビエチン酸、ピマール酸、イソピマール酸、ジヒドロアビエチン酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RAに対するアビエチン酸、ネオアビエチン酸、パラストリン酸、レボピマール酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RBの比RB/RAが0.10以上0.70以下である、クロロプレン系重合体。
[2]前記クロロプレン系重合体の13C-固体NMRスペクトルおいて、126.2~127.6ppmのピーク面積をPA、122.0~126.2ppmのピーク面積をPB、129.9~130.3ppmのピーク面積をPCとしたとき、式(1)が満たされる、[1]に記載のクロロプレン系重合体。
式(1):4.4≦PA/(PB-PC)×100≦5.0
[3][1]又は2に記載のクロロプレン系重合体及び水を含む、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス。
[4][3]に記載のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを含む、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の浸漬成形物。
[5]工業用手袋、一般家庭用手袋、医療用手袋、風船、カテーテル又は長靴である、[4]に記載の浸漬成形物。
[6][4]又は[5]に記載の浸漬成形物であって、低温硬度変化ΔH2が29以下であり、前記低温硬度変化ΔH2は、HB2-HA2で表され、HA2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、HB2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理し、さらに、前記浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表す、浸漬成形物。
[7]クロロプレン系重合体を含むクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の浸漬成形物であって、前記浸漬成形物は、低温硬度変化ΔH2が29以下であり、前記低温硬度変化ΔH2は、HB2-HA2で表され、HA2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、HB2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理し、さらに、前記浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、前記浸漬成形物は、JIS K 6251に基づき測定される切断時引張強さが20.0MPa以上であり、500%伸長時モジュラスが2.00MPa以下である、浸漬成形物。
本発明に係るクロロプレン系重合体は、2-クロロ-1,3-ブタジエン(以下、クロロプレンとも称する)に由来する単量体単位を含む重合体を意味する。また、本発明に係るクロロプレン系重合体は、クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位を含む。本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体は、クロロプレン単量体単位、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位、及びこれらと共重合可能な他の単量体単位を含むこともできる。他の単量体としては、1-クロロ-1,3-ブタジエン、イソプレン、スチレン、メタクリル酸、アクリロニトリル、硫黄などを挙げることができる。他の単量体として、これらのうちの1種類を含んでもよく、2種類以上含んでもよい。
トルエン不溶分(ゲル分)=B/A×100(%)
式(1):4.4≦PA/(PB-PC)×100≦5.0
126.2~127.6ppmにおけるピークは、クロロプレン単量体同士の結合単位1,4-cis結合の-CH=の炭素に起因するシグナルと考えられる。また、122.0~126.2ppmにおけるピークは、クロロプレン単量体単位同士の結合単位1,4-trans結合の-CH=の炭素に起因するシグナルが大部分を占めるが、クロロプレン単量体単位と2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の-CH=の炭素に起因するシグナル(123.6~123.9ppm)も含まれると考えられる。129.9~130.3ppmにおけるピークは、クロロプレン単量体単位と2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の-CCl=の炭素に起因するシグナルと考えられる。
したがって、122.0~126.2ppmのピーク面積PBから、129.9~130.3ppmのピーク面積PCを引くことでクロロプレン単量体同士の結合単位1,4-trans結合の-CH=の炭素に起因するシグナルの成分のみが得られる。よって、126.2~127.6ppmのピーク面積PA、122.0~126.2ppmのピーク面積PB、129.9~130.3ppmのピーク面積PCで示される関係式PA/(PB-PC)は、1,4-cis結合/1,4-trans結合のモル比を示すものである。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体の製造方法は特に限定されない。本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体の製造方法は、クロロプレン及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエンを含む原料単量体を重合させて、クロロプレン系重合体を得る重合工程を含むものとできる。
重合工程において、単量体は、クロロプレン及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエンを含み、クロロプレン及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエンと共重合可能な他の単量体を含むこともできる。他の単量体としては、クロロプレン系重合体が含み得る単量体単位として上記した通りである。また、各単量体の種類及び仕込み量は、得られるクロロプレン系重合体中の各単量体単位の含有率が上記した数値範囲内となるように調整することが好ましい。
乳化剤は、ロジン酸及び/又はロジン酸塩を含むことが好ましい。ロジン酸塩としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属塩などが挙げられる。ロジン酸及びロジン酸塩の添加量は、用いる原料単量体100質量部に対して、3.0~10.0質量部とすることができる。ロジン酸及びロジン酸塩の添加量は、例えば、3.0、3.5、4.0、4.5、5.0、5.5、6.0、6.5、7.0、7.5、8.0、8.5、9.0、10.0質量部であり、ここで例示した数値の何れか2つの間の範囲内であってもよい。
乳化重合工程では、クロロプレン系重合体の分子量や分子量分布、トルエン不溶分を調整するために連鎖移動剤を添加することが好ましい。連鎖移動剤は、重合初期に添加してもよく、重合途中に添加しても良い。連鎖移動剤としては、n-ドデシルメルカプタンやt-ドデシルメルカプタン等の長鎖アルキルメルカプタン類、ジイソプロピルキサントゲンジスルフィドやジエチルキサントゲンジスルフィド等のジアルキルキサントゲンジスルフィド類が好ましい。分子量やトルエン不溶分がコントロールしやすいため、長鎖アルキルメルカプタン類を用いた方がより好ましい。連鎖移動剤は、1種単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。乳化重合時に添加する連鎖移動剤の合計添加量は、クロロプレン単量体及びクロロプレン単量体と共重合可能な単量体100質量部に対して0.005~0.12質量部が好ましい。連鎖移動剤の合計添加量は、例えば、0.005、0.01、0.05、0.10、0.11、0.12質量部であり、ここで例示した数値の何れか2つの間の範囲内であってもよい。
重合用の開始剤としては、通常のラジカル重合開始剤を使用することができる。具体的には、過酸化ベンゾイル、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム等の有機あるいは無機の過酸化物、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル等のアゾ化合物が使用される。またアントラキノンスルホン酸塩や亜硫酸カリウム、亜硫酸ナトリウムなどの助触媒を適宜併用しても良い。
乳化重合工程では、水酸化ナトリウム及び/又は水酸化カリウムを用いることができる。水酸化ナトリウム及び水酸化カリウムは、原料単量体100質量部に対して、0.01~2.0質量部とすることができる。
乳化重合工程では、還元剤を添加することができる。還元剤としては、ピロ亜硫酸カリウム、亜硫酸カリウム、亜硫酸水素カリウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸水素カリウム、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム、硫酸ナトリウム、二酸化チオ尿素等を挙げることができる。還元剤の添加量は、重合工程で使用する原料単量体100質量部に対して、0.005~3.0質量部とすることができる。
クロロプレン系重合体等の乳化重合時における原料単量体の重合転化率は、50質量%以上90質量%未満であることが好ましい。重合転化率(質量%)は[(重合体質量/単量体質量の総和)×100]により求められる。以下、重合転化率を単に重合率と称することもある。
クロロプレン系重合体は、例えば、0~45℃の範囲で重合することができ、特に5~20℃の低温で重合することが好ましい。重合温度は、例えば、0、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45℃であり、ここで例示した数値の何れか2つの間の範囲内であってもよい。重合温度を調整することにより、クロロプレン系重合体中のミクロ構造を調整することができ、特には、PA/(PB-PC)×100の値を制御することができ、例えば、重合温度を下げることで、PA/(PB-PC)×100の値を小さくすることができる。
一般に、クロロプレン系重合体の製造では、所望の分子量及び分布の重合体を得る目的で 、所定の重合率に到達した時点で、重合停止剤を添加し、反応を停止させる。重合停止剤としては特に制限はないが、フェノチアジン、p-t-ブチルカテコール 、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、ジエチルヒドロキシルアミン等を用いることができる。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスの製造方法は、減圧蒸留等の濃縮法等によって、未反応の単量体を除去する工程を有することができる。クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスの固形分濃度は、特に限定されないが、40~65質量%に調整できる。クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスの固形分濃度は、クロロプレン系重合体の乳化重合時の水等の溶媒を含む配合比の調整や、減圧蒸留等の濃縮工程により制御が可能である。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスは、クロロプレン系重合体及び水を含むものとできる。クロロプレン系重合体重合後に得られる、クロロプレン重合体を含むクロロプレン系重合体を含むラテックスを、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスと称することができる。本発明に係るクロロプレン系重合体に含まれる重合体を乳化重合により得た場合、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスは、さらに乳化剤等乳化重合工程で使用した原料を含むことができる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る浸漬成形物は、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを含むクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の浸漬成形物とできる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る浸漬成形物は、低温硬度変化ΔH2が29以下であることが好ましい。低温硬度変化ΔH2は、例えば、0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、 11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29であり、ここで例示した数値の何れか2つの間の範囲内であってもよい。低温硬度変化ΔH2は、HB2-HA2で表され、HA2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、HB2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理し、さらに、前記浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表す。
浸漬成形物の厚さ(例えば最小の厚さ)は、0.01~0.50mmであってよい。浸漬成形物の厚さは、例えば、0.01、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.40、0.50mmであり、ここで例示した数値の何れか2つの間の範囲内であってもよい。浸漬成形物の厚さは、成形型をクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物に浸漬する時間、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の固形分濃度等によって調整することができる。浸漬成形物の厚さを薄くしたい場合、浸漬時間を短縮し、又は、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の固形分濃度を低くすればよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係る浸漬成形物の製造方法は、
上記に記載のクロロプレン系重合体を含むクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を浸漬成形し、浸漬成形体を得る浸漬成形工程、及び
前記浸漬成形体を加熱乾燥して浸漬成形物を得る乾燥工程を含むものとできる。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、上記に記載のクロロプレン系重合体を含む。本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、クロロプレン系重合体の他、金属酸化物と、酸化防止剤と、その他必要とされる薬剤を含み得る。本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、加硫剤及び加硫促進剤を含まなくともよく、硫黄並びにチウラム系、ジチオカルバミン酸塩系、チオウレア系、グアニジン系、キサントゲン酸塩系、チアゾール系等の加硫促進剤を含まなくともよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、金属酸化物を含むことができる。
金属酸化物は特に制限はなく、酸化亜鉛、酸化鉛、四酸化三鉛、酸化マグネシウム、酸化アルミニウム酸化鉄、酸化ベリリウム、酸化チタンなどが挙げられる。金属酸化物は、酸化亜鉛を含むことが好ましい。酸化亜鉛は、一般的にクロロプレン系重合体の脱塩素原子の補足剤として機能するとされる。また、これらの金属酸化物は1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、酸化防止剤を含むこともできる。酸化防止剤は、特に制限はなく、フェノール系酸化防止剤、アミン系酸化防止剤耐熱酸化(老化)防止剤、耐オゾン酸化防止剤等を用いることができる。得られる浸漬成形物を医療用手袋用途として用いる場合、浸漬成形物の色調や質感、衛生性の観点からフェノール系酸化防止剤を採用することができる。特に、ヒンダートフェノール系酸化防止剤が上記の効果が強い。ヒンダートフェノール系酸化防止剤として、例えば、2,2'-メチレンビス(4-エチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、2,2'-メチレンビス(4-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4'-ブチリデン(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4'-チオビス(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、p-クレゾールとジシクロペンタジエンのブチル化反応生成物、2,5'-ジ-t-ブチルハイドロキノン、2,5'-ジ-t-アミルハイドロキノンが挙げられる。この中でも、一般的に水系材料に分散可能である観点から、p-クレゾールとジシクロペンタジエンのブチル化反応生成物が望ましい。また、これらの化合物は1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して使用してもよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、加硫剤及び/又は加硫促進剤を含むこともできる。また、本発明の一実施形態に係るクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、硫黄及び先述のチウラム系、ジチオカルバミン酸塩系、チオウレア系、グアニジン系、キサントゲン酸塩系、チアゾール系等の加硫促進剤を含まなくともよい。すなわち、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、加硫剤を含み加硫促進剤を含まないもの、加硫剤を含まず加硫促進剤を含むもの、加硫剤及び加硫促進剤を含むもの、加硫剤及び加硫促進剤を含まないものを包含する。加硫剤及び加硫促進剤を配合するか否かは、目的とする浸漬成形物に応じて決定すればよい。
混合工程においては、予め、金属酸化物と、酸化防止剤と、その他必要とされる薬剤を含む水分散液を調製し、クロロプレン系重合体と、水分散液を混合することもできる。
混合工程は、ボールミル等の公知の混合装置で行うことができる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る浸漬成形物の製造方法は、前記記載のクロロプレン系重合体の製造方法で得たクロロプレン系重合体を含むクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を浸漬成形し、浸漬成形体を得る浸漬成形工程を含むものとできる。
本発明の一実施形態に係る浸漬成形物の製造方法は、前記浸漬成形体を加熱乾燥して浸漬成形物を得る乾燥工程を含むものとできる。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)80質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン20質量部、純水90質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)4.6質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム1.6質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.5質量部、及び二酸化チオ尿素0.03質量部を添加した。重合温度15℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率83%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。
実施例1において、クロロプレン(単量体)を85質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエンを15質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスで、実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)87質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン7質量部、純水90質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)4.6質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム1.6質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.5質量部、及び二酸化チオ尿素0.03質量部を添加した。重合温度15℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。仕込んだ単量体の重合率が15%となった時点で、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン6質量部を120分かけて連続的に添加した。初期に仕込んだ単量体と連続的に添加した単量体の重合率が83%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスで、実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、重合率70%で重合を停止させた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去し、さらに濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスで、実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、重合率64%で重合を停止した以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)80質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン20質量部、純水90質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)2.2質量部、ガムロジン系不均化ロジン酸カリウム(水溶液)(商品名「ロンヂスK-25」、荒川化学工業株式会社製)9.6質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム1.6質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.5質量部、及び二酸化チオ尿素0.03質量部を添加した。重合温度15℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率83%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸を9質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)90質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン10質量部、純水90質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)4.6質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム1.6質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部、及び亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.5質量部を添加した。重合温度40℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率70%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)85質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン15質量部、純水90質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)4.3質量部、ガムロジン系不均化ロジン酸カリウム水溶液(商品名「ロンヂスK-25」、荒川化学工業株式会社製)固形分換算で0.5質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム1.5質量部、及びβ-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部を添加した。重合温度20℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率83%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、クロロプレン(単量体)を90質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエンを10質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
実施例1において、クロロプレン(単量体)を93質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエンを7質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
実施例1において、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸を11質量部としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)80質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン20質量部、純水90質量部、ガムロジン系不均化ロジン酸カリウム(水溶液)(商品名「ロンヂスK-25」、荒川化学工業株式会社製)18.4質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム0.8質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.5質量部、及び二酸化チオ尿素0.03質量部を添加した。重合温度15℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率83%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
実施例1の重合を停止させる重合率を50%とした以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)80質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン20質量部、純水90質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)4.8質量部、n-ドデシルメルカプタン0.03質量部、水酸化カリウム1.5質量部、及びβ-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.5質量部を添加した。重合温度10℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率89%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
比較例6の重合温度を17℃、重合を停止させる重合率を87%とした以外は、比較例1と同様の手順で重合を行った。得られた重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
内容積30Lの重合缶に、クロロプレン(単量体)85質量部、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン15質量部、純水100質量部、共役樹脂酸系ロジン酸(商品名「ハートールR-WW」、ハリマ化成株式会社製)4.8質量部、水酸化カリウム1.5質量部、及びβ-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.4質量部を添加した。重合温度15℃にて窒素気流下で、重合開始剤として0.35質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液を連続的に添加して重合を行った。重合率67%となった時点で、重合停止剤であるジエチルヒドロキシルアミン0.1質量部を加えて重合を停止させることにより重合液を得た。重合液を減圧蒸留して未反応の単量体を除去、及び濃縮操作により固形分濃度60質量%のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスは実施例1と同様に試験用浸漬成形物の作製を行った。また、実施例1と同様にクロロプレン系重合体の2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量の測定、トルエン不溶分の測定、及び核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)スペクトルの測定を行った。分析結果を表2に示す。
クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを凍結乾燥させて得られるクロロプレン系重合体を0.05mgの試験片に裁断し、熱分解ガスクロマトグラフィーにて測定し、クロロプレン由来のピークと2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン由来のピークの面積比を求めた。クロロプレン由来のピークと2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン由来のピークの面積比と2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン含有量との検量線を用いて、クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の合計100質量%に対する、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の含有量(質量%)を求めた。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
装置名:HP5890-II
カラム:DB-5 0.25mmφ×30m(膜厚1.0μm)
カラム温度:50℃(5min)→10℃/min→150℃→25℃/min→300℃
注入口温度:250℃
検出器温度:280℃
検出器:FID
クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを凍結乾燥させて得られるクロロプレン系重合体を2mm角に裁断することにより試験片を得た。コニカルビーカーにこの試験片を入れた後、トルエン80gで試験片を16時間かけて溶解した。続いて、遠心分離を行った後、200メッシュ金網を用いてゲル分(不溶分)を分離した。その後、ゲル分を乾燥させた後に乾燥物の質量を測定した。クロロプレン系重合体におけるトルエン不溶分は、凍結乾燥後のクロロプレン系重合体をAg、トルエンで溶解した混合物から分離したゲル分(不溶分)をBgとしたとき、以下の式で求めた。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
トルエン不溶分(ゲル分)=B/A×100(%)
クロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを凍結乾燥して得られるクロロプレン系重合体を、日本電子株式会社製JNM-ECX-400(400MHz、FT型)を用いて分析した。得られた13C-固体NMRスペクトルにおいて、最大のピーク強度を示す1,4-trans結合の-CCl=の炭素に起因するシグナル135.0ppmを基準とし、126.2~127.6ppmにあるピーク面積PA、122.0~126.2ppmのピーク面積PB及び、129.9~130.3ppmのピーク面積PCを求めた。なお、ピーク面積PAとピーク面積PCは、122.0~126.2ppmのピーク面積PBを100としたときのピーク面積を求めて、PA/(PB-PC)×100を算出した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
核磁気共鳴分析(13C-固体NMR)は以下の測定条件で実施した。
・測定モード:マジックアングルスピニング
・フリップアングル:90度
・待ち時間:5.0秒
・サンプル回転数:15Hz
・ウィンドウ処理:指数関数
・積算回数:10000
各クロロプレン系重合体の固形分100質量部に、水分散液を混合し、さらに水を加えて配合物の全体の固形分濃度を30質量%に調整して、試験用クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を作製した。上記水分散液は、酸化亜鉛2種2質量部、p-クレゾールとジシクロペンタジエンのブチル化反応生成物(商品名「ノクラックPBK」、大内新興化学工業株式会社製)2質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.1質量部、及び水11質量部を、陶器製ボールミルを用いて、20℃で16時間混合し、調製した。得られた試験用クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物は、クロロプレン系重合体の固形分100質量部に対し、酸化亜鉛2種2質量部、p-クレゾールとジシクロペンタジエンのブチル化反応生成物(商品名「ノクラックPBK」、大内新興化学工業株式会社製)2質量部、β-ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物のナトリウム塩(商品名「デモールN」、花王株式会社製)0.1質量部、及び水を含む。
試験片測厚器(高分子計器株式会社製、商品名:ASKER SDA-12)を用いて試験用引張特性評価用の浸漬成形物フィルムの中央部の3か所の厚さ(フィルム厚)を測定し、最小の厚さを試験用浸漬成形物の厚さとして得た。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
試験用引張特性評価用の浸漬成形物フィルムを用いて、JIS K 6251に準拠して500%伸長時モジュラス及び切断時引張強さを測定した。また、各実施例及び比較例の試験用クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を、23℃で6ヶ月間保管し、JIS K 6251に準拠して500%伸長時モジュラスを測定した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
試験用浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管し、保管前後の試験用浸漬成形物の硬度から、低温硬度変化を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
式(2):ΔH=HB-HA
式(2)において、HAは、-10℃で168時間保管する前の試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で除晶のための加熱処理を実施した後、試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、HBは、-10℃で168時間保管する前の試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で除晶のための加熱処理をし、さらに、試験用浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表す。
上述の試験用浸漬成形物3gを2mm角に裁断することにより試験片を得た。コンデンサー付属のナス型フラスコにこの試験片を入れた後、JIS K 6229で規定されるエタノール/トルエン共沸混合物(ETA溶液)で抽出し塩酸処理を施すことにより得られた抽出物を用いて、下記の条件でガスクロマトグラフィーを行った。ガスクロマトグラフィーの測定結果より、デヒドロアビエチン酸、ピマール酸、イソピマール酸、ジヒドロアビエチン酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RAを求めた。また、アビエチン酸、ネオアビエチン酸、パラストリン酸、レボピマール酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RBを求め、試験用浸漬成形物におけるデヒドロアビエチン酸、ピマール酸、イソピマール酸、ジヒドロアビエチン酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RAに対するアビエチン酸、ネオアビエチン酸、パラストリン酸、レボピマール酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RBの比RB/RA((共役樹脂酸成分b)/(非共役樹脂酸成分a))を算出した。
使用カラム:FFAP 0.32mmφ×25m(膜厚0.3μm)
検出器:FID
カラム温度:200℃(90min保持)→250℃
昇温速度:10℃/min
注入口温度:270℃
検出器温度:270℃
注入量:2μL
Claims (7)
- クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位を含むクロロプレン系重合体であって、
前記クロロプレン系重合体は、クロロプレン単量体単位及び2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位の合計100質量%に対して、2,3-ジクロロ-1,3-ブタジエン単量体単位を12~30質量%含有し、
前記クロロプレン系重合体は、トルエン不溶分が60~87質量%であって、
前記クロロプレン系重合体を含む試験用クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物を、浸漬凝固法により成形し、130℃、30分間加熱乾燥処理して得られる試験用浸漬成形物の低温硬度変化ΔH1が29以下であり、
前記低温硬度変化ΔH1は、HB1-HA1で表され、
HA1は、前記試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
HB1は、前記試験用浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理をし、さらに、前記試験用浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記試験用浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
前記試験用浸漬成形物から、JIS K 6229で規定されるエタノール/トルエン共沸混合物で抽出される抽出物のガスクロマトグラフィー分析から得られる、デヒドロアビエチン酸、ピマール酸、イソピマール酸、ジヒドロアビエチン酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RAに対するアビエチン酸、ネオアビエチン酸、パラストリン酸、レボピマール酸及びこれらの塩のピーク面積の合計量RBの比RB/RAが0.10以上0.70以下である、クロロプレン系重合体。 - 前記クロロプレン系重合体の13C-固体NMRスペクトルおいて、126.2~127.6ppmのピーク面積をPA、122.0~126.2ppmのピーク面積をPB、129.9~130.3ppmのピーク面積をPCとしたとき、式(1)が満たされる、請求項1に記載のクロロプレン系重合体。
式(1):4.4≦PA/(PB-PC)×100≦5.0 - 請求項1又は2に記載のクロロプレン系重合体及び水を含む、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス。
- 請求項3に記載のクロロプレン系重合体ラテックスを含む、クロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の、浸漬成形物。
- 工業用手袋、一般家庭用手袋、医療用手袋、風船、カテーテル又は長靴である、請求項4に記載の浸漬成形物。
- 請求項4に記載の浸漬成形物であって、低温硬度変化ΔH2が29以下であり、
前記低温硬度変化ΔH2は、HB2-HA2で表され、
HA2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
HB2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理をし、さらに、前記浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表す、浸漬成形物。 - クロロプレン系重合体を含むクロロプレン系重合体ラテックス組成物の浸漬成形物であって、
前記浸漬成形物は、低温硬度変化ΔH2が29以下であり、
前記低温硬度変化ΔH2は、HB2-HA2で表され、
HA2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理をした後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて23℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
HB2は、前記浸漬成形物を70℃、30分の条件で加熱処理をし、さらに前記浸漬成形物を-10℃で168時間保管した後、前記浸漬成形物を重ねて厚み6.00±0.20mmとし、デュロメータタイプAを用いて-10℃の環境下で測定したショア硬度を表し、
前記浸漬成形物は、JIS K 6251に基づき測定される切断時引張強さが20.0MPa以上であり、500%伸長時モジュラスが2.00MPa以下である、浸漬成形物。
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