WO2024162360A1 - タンパク質の発現を増強するための人工合成核酸 - Google Patents
タンパク質の発現を増強するための人工合成核酸 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/67—General methods for enhancing the expression
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
Definitions
- the present disclosure provides artificial synthetic nucleic acids for enhancing protein expression.
- mRNA medicines are an important modality for use as COVID-19 vaccines, cancer vaccines, and disease treatment drugs. They exert their medicinal effects by delivering mRNA into cells to express the active ingredient, a protein. They do not need to be transported into the nucleus, and are considered to be highly safe as there is a low risk of insertion into the genome.
- a plasmid encoding the target mRNA is used as the starting material, which is then linearized, transcribed in a test tube, capped, and the template DNA removed using DNase. There is also a method in which a polyA tail is enzymatically added afterwards. A mechanism for promoting translation by circularizing mRNA is also known.
- the present inventors have newly discovered that in a nucleic acid construct, protein expression can be controlled by the complementarity ratio between the 3' untranslated region and the 5' untranslated region and a specific pattern of complementary and non-complementary portions.
- the present disclosure provides a nucleic acid construct having a specific complementarity pattern, the nucleic acid construct including a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3'UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other.
- nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, and the length of each of the non-complementary portions is a single base substitution, and the complementarity of the 3' UTR to the 5' UTR is greater than 75%.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other
- the length of each of the non-complementary portions is a single base substitution
- complementarity of the 3' UTR to the 5' UTR is greater than 75%.
- [Item X2A] The nucleic acid construct of any one of the preceding claims, wherein all of the non-complementary portions are substitutions.
- [Item X2B] The nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items, wherein all of the non-complementary portions are substitutions and each is one base in length.
- [Item X2C] The nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein all of the non-complementary portions are removed.
- [Item X3] The nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items, wherein at least one of the non-complementary portions is two or more bases in length.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein the non-complementary portions have a length of 3 bases, and the complementary portions have a length of 8 to 11 bases, each independently.
- the nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein the length of each of the non-complementary portions is at least one base, and the complementarity rate is higher than 75%.
- the complementarity is 80% to 90%.
- the complementarity is 81% to 89%.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one of the non-complementary portions is a single base.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein the length of each of the complementary portions is independently 3 to 11 bases.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein the non-complementary portions are 1 base long and the complementary portions are each independently 3 to 7 bases long.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the non-complementary portions have a length of 3 bases, and the complementary portions have a length of 8 to 11 bases, each independently.
- a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, characterized in that at least one UTR comprises non-complementary and complementary portions to the other UTR, and the non-complementary and complementary portions alternate.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, characterized in that at least one UTR comprises non-complementary and complementary portions to the other UTR, and the non-complementary and complementary portions alternate.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein the portion other than the alternating portions (also referred to as the fractional portion (4)) is one or more bases in length not exceeding the base length of the complementary portion.
- portion other than the alternating portions also referred to as the fractional portion (4)
- the complementary portion (3) is 3 to 6 bases long in the case of base substitution, or 3 to 9 bases long in the case of base deletion.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein when the non-complementary portion is 2 bases, the complementary portion (3) is 5 to 7 bases long in the case of base substitution, or 5 to 11 bases long in the case of base deletion.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein when the non-complementary portion is 3 bases, the complementary portion is 8 to 9 bases long in the case of base substitution, or 8 to 11 bases long in the case of base deletion.
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items wherein the free energy change ( ⁇ G) is a predetermined value or within a predetermined range.
- the predetermined value or range thereof is a value or range of a free energy change that is an increase rate of 0% to 60% relative to the average value of the maximum and minimum values of the free energy change ( ⁇ G).
- nucleic acid construct according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the predetermined value or range thereof is a value or range of a free energy change that is an increase rate of 10% to 50% relative to the average value of the maximum and minimum values of the free energy change ( ⁇ G).
- a method for producing a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, the method comprising the steps of designing a plurality of candidate nucleic acid constructs, calculating a free energy change ( ⁇ G) for the plurality of designed candidate nucleic acid constructs, selecting a candidate nucleic acid construct whose free energy change ( ⁇ G) is a predetermined value or within a predetermined range, and, if necessary, measuring the expression level of the selected candidate nucleic acid construct in a cell.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- ⁇ G free energy change
- a method for producing a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, and at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, the method comprising the steps of designing a plurality of candidate nucleic acid constructs, calculating a free energy change ( ⁇ G) for the plurality of designed candidate nucleic acid constructs, selecting a candidate nucleic acid construct having a free energy change value with an increase rate in the range of 0% to 60% relative to the average value of the maximum and minimum values of the free energy change ( ⁇ G), and, if necessary, measuring the expression level of the selected candidate nucleic acid construct in a cell.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, and at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR
- the present disclosure also provides the following: (Item 1) A nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, and when each of the non-complementary portions is all 1 base in length, the 3' UTR has a complementarity rate to the 5' UTR of greater than 75%. (Item 2) 2. The nucleic acid construct according to item 1, wherein at least one of the non-complementary portions is two or more bases in length. (Item 3) 3.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, and when each of the non-complementary portions is all 1 base in length, the 3' UTR has a complementarity rate to the 5' UTR of greater than 75%
- Item 6 2.
- (Item 10) 9. The nucleic acid construct according to item 8, wherein the complementarity is 81% to 89%.
- Item 15 9. The nucleic acid construct according to item 8, wherein the non-complementary portions have a length of 3 bases, and the complementary portions have a length of independently 8 to 11 bases.
- a method for producing a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, the method comprising the steps of designing a plurality of candidate nucleic acid constructs, calculating a free energy change ( ⁇ G) for the plurality of designed candidate nucleic acid constructs, selecting a candidate nucleic acid construct whose free energy change ( ⁇ G) is a predetermined value or within a predetermined range, and, if necessary, measuring the expression level of the selected candidate nucleic acid construct in a cell.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- ⁇ G free energy change
- a method for producing a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, and at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, the method comprising the steps of designing a plurality of candidate nucleic acid constructs, calculating a free energy change ( ⁇ G) for the plurality of designed candidate nucleic acid constructs, selecting a candidate nucleic acid construct having a free energy change value with an increase rate in the range of 0% to 60% relative to the average value of the maximum and minimum values of the free energy change ( ⁇ G), and, if necessary, measuring the expression level of the selected candidate nucleic acid construct in a cell.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR which are at least partially complementary to each other, and at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR
- the nucleic acid construct disclosed herein is an improved nucleic acid construct that exhibits higher protein expression levels compared to conventional nucleic acid constructs.
- Figure 1 shows the results of verifying the expression levels of mRNAs whose 5'UTR is the GAPDH gene sequence (left), the Pfizer sequence (Messenger RNA encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Sept. 2020 document 11889; see the 19th Health Science Council Vaccination and Vaccine Subcommittee document (https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/shingi2/0000192554_00004.html)) (center), and the HSD17B4 gene sequence (right). For comparison, mRNAs whose 5'UTR and 3'UTR are both Pfizer sequences were used.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of verifying the expression level of mRNA in which the 5'UTR is a GAPDH gene sequence and the 3'UTR is a sequence having 100%, 94%, or 75% complementarity with the 5'UTR.
- the upper left of the figure shows a schematic diagram of the mRNA structure.
- the lower left of the figure shows the base sequences of the 5'UTR and 3'UTR, and in each sequence, the upper row shows the 5'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the left, and the lower row shows the 3'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the right.
- the ORF is omitted.
- the bases that are complementary between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR are enclosed.
- the right of the figure is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level of each mRNA in 293 cells. For comparison, mRNA in which the 5'UTR and 3'UTR are both Pfizer sequences was used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed for multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in the bar graph, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- the 5'UTR is the GAPDH gene sequence
- the 3'UTR shows the base sequences of the 5'UTR and 3'UTR of various mRNAs that are partially complementary to the 5'UTR. They are classified according to the number of bases in the non-complementary portion.
- the upper row shows the 5'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the left
- the lower row shows the 3'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the right.
- the ORF is omitted.
- the bases that are complementary between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR are enclosed.
- 4 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs having a GAPDH gene sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to the 5'UTR as the 3'UTR (left).
- the right graph shows the distribution of the complementarity rate against the relative expression amount (ratio of E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to Calcein fluorescence measurement value) for the left graph.
- mRNAs with Pfizer sequences for both 5'UTR and 3'UTR were used.
- the ratio of E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression amount of E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bars and the individual values of each sample are shown in black plots.
- the 5'UTR is the Pfizer sequence
- the 3'UTR shows the base sequences of various mRNAs that are partially complementary to the 5'UTR. The sequences are classified according to the number of bases in the non-complementary portion.
- the 5'UTR sequence is written with the 5' end on the left in the upper row, and the 3'UTR sequence is written with the 5' end on the right in the lower row.
- the ORF is omitted.
- the bases that are complementary between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR are enclosed.
- 6 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to the 5'UTR as the 3'UTR. For comparison, mRNAs with Pfizer sequences in both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR were used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bars and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- the 5'UTR is the HSD17B4 gene sequence
- the 3'UTR shows the base sequences of various mRNAs that are partially complementary to the 5'UTR. The sequences are classified according to the number of bases in the non-complementary portion.
- the 5'UTR sequence is written with the 5' end on the left in the upper row, and the 3'UTR sequence is written with the 5' end on the right in the lower row.
- the ORF is omitted.
- the bases that are complementary between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR are enclosed.
- 8 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs having the HSD17B4 gene sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to the 5'UTR as the 3'UTR. For comparison, mRNAs with Pfizer sequences for both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR were used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bars and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- the 5'UTR is a GAPDH gene sequence
- the 3'UTR shows the base sequences of the 5'UTR and 3'UTR of various mRNAs that are partially complementary to the 5'UTR. They are listed in descending order of complementarity.
- FIG. 10 shows the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs having a GAPDH gene sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to the 5'UTR as the 3'UTR. For comparison, mRNAs with Pfizer sequences for both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR were used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA.
- the vertical axis shows this relative expression level, and the horizontal axis shows the complementarity rate of each mRNA, as a scatter plot.
- Three samples were measured for each mRNA, and the average values are plotted. Furthermore, the standard deviation of these measurements was calculated and shown as an error bar on the plot.
- the 5'UTR of the GAPDH gene sequence mRNA is plotted in black, and the Pfizer sequence mRNA is plotted in white.
- the complementarity rate of the mRNA with the maximum expression level was 75% to 80%.
- Figure 11 shows the correlation between the free energy change in the interaction between 5'UTR and 3'UTR and the expression level of each mRNA for mRNAs whose 3'UTR is partially complementary to the 5'UTR.
- the expression level was calculated by setting the expression level of mRNAs whose 5'UTR and 3'UTR are both Pfizer sequences as 1.
- the free energy change was calculated using the secondary structure prediction program Mfold (Michael Zuker, Mfold web server for nuclear acid folding and hybridization prediction, Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3406-15).
- Mfold Mfold
- the 12 shows possible values of free energy change in the interaction between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR of the corresponding mRNA in the mRNA with the maximum expression level.
- the left, center, and right of the figure show the results when the 5'UTR is the GAPDH gene, the HSD17B4 gene, and the Pfizer sequence, respectively.
- the minimum value of the free energy change was determined by Mfold for the mRNA with a 100% complementarity rate between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR.
- the maximum value of the free energy change was determined by Mfold for the mRNA in which all bases of the 3'UTR with a 100% complementarity rate between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR were substituted to mismatch with the 5'UTR.
- the value of the relative free energy change was calculated using the increase rate (right shift) from the inflection point as an index, and the difference between the inflection point value and the maximum value as 100%.
- the expression level of mRNA was highest when the free energy change value showed an increase rate from the inflection point of 10% to 50%.
- FIG. 13 shows a method for predicting the expression level of mRNA from 5'UTR and 3'UTR sequences. The maximum and minimum values of the free energy change were obtained in the same manner as in FIG. 12. It was found that the average value of the maximum and minimum values of the free energy coincides with the value of the free energy change at the inflection point of the sigmoid curve.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic diagram of a nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure.
- Figure 15 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in myoblast cell line C2C12 for the mRNA used in Figure 6.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs with the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR, various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR, SARS CoV2 Spike as the ORF, and E2Crimson fusion protein.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the concept of substitution and removal in the design method of the non-complementary portion.
- FIG. 17 is shown in FIG. 17A and FIG. 17B.
- FIG. 17(1) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA converted to a non-complementary sequence by replacing the base in the complementary sequence.
- FIG. 17(2) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA converted to a non-complementary sequence by removing the base in the complementary sequence.
- FIG. 17(3) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA converted to a non-complementary sequence by removing the base on the 5'UTR in the complementary sequence.
- FIG. 17(4) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA in which the case where ... complementary sequence is converted to a non-complementary sequence is converted to a non-complementary sequence is converted to a non-complementary sequence is mixed by replacing the base in the complementary sequence and by removing the base is mixed.
- Figure 17 (4-1) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA in which the above-mentioned base deletions and base substitutions are mixed only in the 3'UTR
- Figure 17 (4-2) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA in which the above-mentioned base deletions and base substitutions are mixed only in the 5'UTR
- Figure 17 (4-3) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA in which the above-mentioned base deletions and base substitutions are mixed only in the 5'UTR
- Figure 17B is a continuation of Figure 17A.
- Figure 17(5) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA that has been converted to a non-complementary sequence by adding a base to the 3'UTR.
- Figure 17(6) shows a schematic diagram of an mRNA that has been converted to a non-complementary sequence by adding a base to the 5'UTR.
- Figure 18 is divided into Figures 18A to 18C, and shows the specific 5'UTR of the Pfizer sequence and the 3'UTR of various mRNAs that are partially complementary to the 5'UTR, for (2) to (6) in the schematic diagram shown in Figure 17.
- Figure 18(2) shows mRNAs that have been converted to non-complementary sequences by removing bases in the 3'UTR, classified by the number of bases in the non-complementary portion.
- Figure 18B is a continuation of Figure 18A.
- Figure 18(3) shows an mRNA that has been converted to a non-complementary sequence by removing the base in the 5'UTR.
- Figure 18(4) shows an mRNA that has been converted to a non-complementary sequence by replacing the base in the complementary sequence, and an mRNA that has been converted to a non-complementary sequence by removing the base.
- Figure 18(4-1) shows an mRNA that has a mixture of base removal and base replacement in the 3'UTR only, in the 5'UTR only, and in both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR.
- FIG. 18C is a continuation of FIG. 18B.
- FIG. 18C is a continuation of FIG. 18B.
- FIG. 18(5) shows mRNAs in which a non-complementary sequence is created by adding a base in the 3'UTR, and the non-complementary portion is 1 base, 2 bases, and 3 bases.
- FIG. 18(6) shows mRNAs in which a non-complementary sequence is created by adding a base in the 5'UTR, and the non-complementary portion is 1 base, 2 bases, and 3 bases.
- the upper row shows the 5'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the left
- the lower row shows the 3'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the right.
- the bases marked with - in the lower row indicate that the bases in the complementary sequence have been removed to convert them into non-complementary sequences.
- the ORF is omitted.
- 19 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to the 5'UTR as the 3'UTR. In these 3'UTRs, bases are removed to make them non-complementary sequences. For comparison, mRNAs in which both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR have the Pfizer sequence were used. The ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was used as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA.
- Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bars and the individual values of each sample are shown in black plots.
- 20 is a graph showing the results of examining the expression levels in 293 cells for mRNAs with the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences with partial complementarity to the 5'UTR and three bases of non-complementary portion as the 3'UTR. The ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed for multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in the bar graph, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- Figure 21 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in myoblast cell line C2C12 for the mRNA used in Figure 19.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed for multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in the bar graph, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- Figure 22 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in myoblast cell line C2C12 for the mRNA used in Figure 20.
- FIG. 23 is a graph showing the results of verifying the expression level in 293 cells for mRNAs with the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR, various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR, SARS CoV2 Spike as the ORF, and E2Crimson fusion protein. In these 3'UTRs, bases are removed to make them non-complementary sequences.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bars and the individual values of each sample are shown in black plots.
- the 5'UTR is the Pfizer sequence
- the 3'UTR shows the base sequences of the 5'UTR and 3'UTR of various mRNAs that are partially complementary to the 5'UTR.
- Fig. 24(1) shows the case where the number of bases in the non-complementary part is the same in the 5'UTR and 3'UTR
- 24(2) shows the case where the number of bases in the non-complementary part is different in the 5'UTR and 3'UTR.
- the upper row shows the 5'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the left
- the lower row shows the 3'UTR sequence with the 5' end on the right.
- the bases marked with - in the lower row indicate that the bases in the complementary sequence have been removed to convert them into non-complementary sequences.
- the ORF is omitted.
- the bases that are complementary between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR are enclosed.
- UTR untranslated region
- non-complementary portion refers to a portion that is not complementary in the base sequence
- complementary portion refers to a portion that is complementary in the base sequence. In this specification, complementary portions and non-complementary portions can be specified in units of one base.
- each non-complementary portion is all one base
- the length of each non-complementary portion means that when a complementary portion and a non-complementary portion are specified in a portion of a target nucleic acid, if there is a single non-complementary portion, it is one base long, and if there are multiple non-complementary portions, all of the multiple non-complementary portions are one base long.
- either the 5'UTR or the 3'UTR may be 0 bases long.
- deletions, substitutions, and additions will be determined by comparing the nucleic acids in order starting from the 5' side.
- partially complementary means that at least a portion (preferably two or more bases) of the target base sequence is complementary.
- the preferred number of bases in the complementary portion is three or more and eleven or less.
- nucleic acid construct refers to a construct composed at least in part of nucleic acid, and typically refers to a (non-natural) nucleic acid molecule resulting from the use of recombinant DNA technology (e.g., recombinant nucleic acid).
- a nucleic acid construct is a single- or double-stranded nucleic acid molecule that has been modified to contain segments of nucleic acid sequences that are combined and arranged in a manner not found in nature.
- a nucleic acid construct can be a "vector” (e.g., a plasmid, a rAAV vector genome, an expression vector, etc.), i.e., a nucleic acid molecule designed to deliver exogenously produced DNA to a host cell.
- a vector e.g., a plasmid, a rAAV vector genome, an expression vector, etc.
- the term “complementarity (%)” refers to the percentage of identity of the base sequence of a single-stranded nucleic acid to the base sequence of the complementary sequence of a reference sequence. The percentage of complementarity is calculated based on the length of the reference sequence. When the complementary sequence of the reference sequence and the base sequence of the single-stranded nucleic acid are completely identical, the percentage of complementarity is 100%. In embodiments of the present disclosure in which non-complementary regions are removed, the percentage of identity is calculated assuming that the non-complementary regions are present.
- “protein,” “polypeptide,” and “peptide” are used interchangeably to refer to a polymer of amino acids of any length.
- the polymer may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the amino acids may be natural, non-natural, or modified.
- the term also encompasses naturally or artificially modified polymers. Such modifications include, for example, disulfide bond formation, glycosylation, lipidation, acetylation, phosphorylation, or any other manipulation or modification (e.g., conjugation with a labeling moiety).
- Amino acids may be represented in this disclosure by their commonly known three letter symbols or by the single letter symbols recommended by the IUPAC-IUB Biochemical Nomenclature Commission.
- nucleotides may be represented by their commonly accepted single letter codes. Note that in this specification, nucleotides may be represented as T in the case of RNA in order to follow the rules of sequence listing, but those of skill in the art will understand that T means U in the case of RNA.
- polynucleotide and “nucleic acid” are used interchangeably to refer to a polymer of nucleotides of any length.
- nucleic acids include DNA, RNA, cDNA, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, microRNA (miRNA), and lncRNA.
- polynucleotide derivatives refers to polynucleotides that contain nucleotide derivatives or have unusual internucleotide linkages.
- nucleotide derivative refers to a nucleotide having a structure different from that of a normal nucleotide used in natural DNA or RNA, and examples thereof include locked nucleic acid (LNA), ethylene nucleic acid such as 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene bridged nucleic acid (ENA), other bridged nucleic acid (BNA), hexitol nucleic acid (HNA), amide bridged nucleic acid (AmNA), morpholino nucleic acid, tricyclo-DNA (tcDNA), polyether nucleic acid (see, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,908,845), cyclohexene nucleic acid (CeNA), and the like.
- LNA locked nucleic acid
- EDA 2'-O,4'-C-ethylene bridged nucleic acid
- BNA other bridged nucleic acid
- HNA hexitol nucleic acid
- AmNA amide bridged nucleic acid
- unusual internucleotide bonds include interoligonucleotide bonds in which the phosphodiester bond has been converted to a phosphorothioate bond, interoligonucleotide bonds in which the phosphodiester bond has been converted to an N3'-P5' phosphoramidate bond, and interoligonucleotide bonds in which the ribose and phosphodiester bond has been converted to a peptide nucleic acid bond.
- the term "gene” refers to a nucleic acid moiety that performs a certain biological function, such as encoding a polypeptide or protein, encoding a non-protein-coding functional RNA (e.g., rRNA, tRNA, microRNA (miRNA), lncRNA), controlling the production of a polypeptide, protein, or non-protein-coding functional RNA, specifically binding to a particular protein, or controlling the cleavage or replication of a nucleic acid.
- a non-protein-coding functional RNA e.g., rRNA, tRNA, microRNA (miRNA), lncRNA
- kit refers to a unit in which the parts to be provided (e.g., nucleic acid construct, instructions, etc.) are provided, usually separated into two or more compartments.
- This kit form is preferred when the aim is to provide a composition that should not be provided in a mixed state for reasons of stability, etc., but is preferably mixed immediately prior to use.
- Such a kit is advantageously provided with instructions or instructions describing how to use the parts provided or how to handle the reagents.
- the kit when the kit is used herein as a reagent kit, the kit usually includes instructions describing how to use the nucleic acid construct, etc.
- instructions refers to instructions that explain to the user how to use the present disclosure. These instructions contain text that instructs how to use the nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure. These instructions are usually provided in paper form, but are not limited to this and may also be provided in the form of electronic media (e.g., a homepage provided on the Internet, e-mail, etc.).
- Equation (3) the equilibrium constant of two strands A and B (e.g., 3′UTR) is and 5′UTR) associate in a 1:1 ratio (Equation (3)).
- 1/Tm (R/ ⁇ H°)ln(Ct/4)+ ⁇ S°/ ⁇ H°(7)
- the present disclosure provides a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, where at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, and where the 3' UTR has a complementarity rate to the 5' UTR of greater than 75% when each of the non-complementary portions is all 1 base in length.
- the nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure is capable of controlling protein expression.
- the nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure is capable of increasing protein expression.
- At least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, or at least 20 non-complementary portions may be 2 or 3 bases in length. In preferred embodiments, all non-complementary portions are 2 or 3 bases in length.
- each of the non-complementary portions may be one base in length, in which case the complementarity of the 3'UTR to the 5'UTR is greater than 75%, and may be, for example, greater than 75% and less than 90%, greater than 75% and less than 89%, greater than 80% and less than 90%, or greater than 81% and less than 89%.
- the length of at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20 complementary portions may be 5 bases or more, for example, 5 bases, 6 bases, 7 bases, 8 bases, 9 bases, 10 bases, 11 bases, 12 bases, 13 bases, 15 bases, or 20 bases.
- the length of at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20 complementary portions may be 5 to 11 bases.
- the lengths of the complementary portions may all be the same or different, but are preferably all the same.
- the non-complementary portions can be 2 bases in length and the complementary portions can each independently be 5-7 bases in length.
- the non-complementary portions can be 3 bases in length and the complementary portions can be independently 8-11 bases in length.
- the present disclosure provides a nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion (2) and a complementary portion (3) to the other UTR, and the non-complementary portion and the complementary portion alternate.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion (2) and a complementary portion (3) to the other UTR, and the non-complementary portion and the complementary portion alternate.
- the portion other than the alternating portions (also referred to as the fractional portion (4)) is characterized by being one or more bases in length that is less than the base length of the complementary portion.
- the complementary portion (3) when the non-complementary portion (2) is one base, the complementary portion (3) is 3 to 6 bases long in the case of base substitution, and 3 to 9 bases long in the case of base deletion.
- the complementary portion (3) is 5 to 7 bases long in the case of base substitution, and 5 to 11 bases long in the case of base deletion.
- the complementary portion (3) when the complementary portion (2) is 3 bases long, the complementary portion (3) is 8 to 9 bases long in the case of base substitution, and 8 to 11 bases long in the case of base deletion.
- the non-complementary portion (2) typically has 0 to 3 bases, preferably 2 or 3 bases.
- the appropriate base length may vary depending on the substitution or removal, but a person skilled in the art can design it appropriately based on the description in this specification.
- the non-complementary portion (2) may have two or more different lengths in the untranslated region. In this case, it is advantageous for at least one of the above-mentioned preferred base lengths to be satisfied, and it is advantageous for all of them to be satisfied.
- the non-complementary portion (2) may be a mixture of substitutions and deletions in the untranslated region.
- the complementarity rate when the length of each of the non-complementary portions is 2 or 3 bases, the complementarity rate may be at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, or at least 90%. In certain embodiments, when the length of each of the non-complementary portions is 2 or 3 bases, the complementarity rate may be greater than 75%, for example, greater than 75% to 90%, greater than 75% to 89%, greater than 80% to 90%, or greater than 81% to 89%.
- the lengths of the complementary and non-complementary portions can be determined appropriately depending on the desired complementarity rate, but typically, the length of the non-complementary portions can be independently 1 to 3 bases, and the length of the complementary portions can be independently 3 to 11 bases.
- the complementary portions when the non-complementary portions are all 1 base, the complementary portions may each independently be 3 to 7 bases in length.
- the complementary portions when all of the non-complementary portions are 2 bases long, the complementary portions may each independently be 5 to 7 bases long.
- the complementary portions when all of the non-complementary portions are 3 bases long, the complementary portions may each independently be 8 to 11 bases long.
- either the 5'UTR or the 3'UTR may have the non-complementary portion removed.
- the UTRs are selected from the group consisting of GAPDH, HSD17B4, PSMB3, RPL31, RPL32, RPL35, RPL21, Albumin7, LDHB, ACAT2, ATP5A1, Ndufa4, Mp68, NOSIP, SLC7A3, TUBB4B, UBQLN2, mRPL35A, mRPL21, AIG1, COX6C, ⁇ -globin, ⁇ -globin, RPS8, TOP, MCP-1, RPL12s.c., Ang-2, HSP70, H3.3.
- UTRs Galectin-9, GADD34, EDN1, HSP70m5, E-selectin, ICAM-1, IL-6, or vWF UTRs.
- Other examples of UTRs are disclosed in JP-A-2021-501572, JP-A-2015-517803, and JP-A-2022-164843.
- nucleic acid constructs of the present disclosure may be provided as a kit.
- the disclosure provides a method for producing a nucleic acid construct, the nucleic acid construct comprising a 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises a non-complementary portion and a complementary portion to the other UTR, the method comprising the steps of designing a plurality of candidate nucleic acid constructs, calculating the free energy change ( ⁇ G) of the secondary structure of the designed plurality of candidate nucleic acid constructs, selecting a candidate nucleic acid construct having a free energy change of a predetermined value or within a range thereof (e.g., an increase rate of 0% to 60% relative to the average value of the maximum value ( ⁇ G max ) and the minimum value ( ⁇ G min )), and, if necessary, measuring the expression level of the selected candidate nucleic acid construct in a cell.
- UTR 5' untranslated region
- 3' UTR that are at least partially complementary to each other, wherein at least one UTR comprises
- the free energy change ( ⁇ G(kcal/mol)) can be calculated by a nucleic acid secondary structure prediction program, such as mfold (GCG Software), IPknot, CentroidFold (https://www.ncrna.org/), ViennaRNA (http://rna.tbi.univie.ac.at/), RNALOSS (P Clote, RNALOSS: a web server for RNA locally optimal secondary structures, Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jul 1; 33: W600-4.), or RNA Secondary structure prediction (http://www.genebee.msu.su/services/rna2_reduced.html).
- mfold GCG Software
- IPknot https://www.ncrna.org/
- ViennaRNA http://rna.tbi.univie.ac.at/
- RNALOSS P Clote, RNALOSS: a web server for RNA locally optimal secondary structures, Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jul 1
- Examples 6 and 7 Those skilled in the art can appropriately determine the predetermined value or range of the free energy change by referring to Examples 6 and 7. Specifically, by preparing nucleic acid constructs with various complementarity rates and correlating the amount of protein expressed by the nucleic acid construct with the free energy change, it is possible to determine the predetermined value or range of the free energy change that maximizes the expression amount.
- the free energy of the secondary structure of a nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure is: (( ⁇ G max + ⁇ G min )/2) ⁇ t
- t may be from 0.9 to 1.7, preferably from 1 to 1.6, and most preferably from 1.1 to 1.5.
- the free energy change can be the free energy change of the interaction between the 3'UTR and the 5'UTR in a nucleic acid construct.
- the maximum free energy change ( ⁇ G max ) may be the free energy change for the interaction between all bases of the 3'UTR or 5'UTR and a 5'UTR or 3'UTR sequence having mismatch substitutions in its complementary strand (i.e., a sequence with 0% complementarity), and the minimum free energy change ( ⁇ G min ) may be the free energy change for the interaction between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR of a sequence with 100% 5'-3'UTR complementarity.
- the increase rate relative to the average value may be between 0% and 60%, and preferably between 10% and 50%.
- the present disclosure can be applied in the application field of nucleic acid technology (e.g., medicine).
- nucleic acid technology e.g., medicine
- mRNA which is a nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure
- plasmid DNA which is a nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure
- linear template DNA which is a nucleic acid construct of the present disclosure, can be used as a raw material during the manufacturing process of an mRNA drug substance.
- the agarose gel containing the DNA fragments was dissolved by incubating at 63°C for 5 minutes in the presence of Thermostable ⁇ -Agarase (Nippon Gene) and then incubating at 60°C for 10 minutes, after which TE-saturated phenol (Nacalai) was added and thoroughly mixed.
- the phenol phase and aqueous phase were separated by centrifugation (20,000xg, 10 minutes), and the aqueous phase was recovered in a new tube.
- the collected aqueous phase was mixed thoroughly with 1-butanol and then centrifuged (20,000 ⁇ g, 10 min) to separate it into a 1-butanol phase and an aqueous phase. The separated 1-butanol phase was removed.
- Ligation reaction was carried out by mixing 1 ⁇ l of a plasmid solution treated with a restriction enzyme at 1 to 20 ng/ ⁇ l, 1 ⁇ l of a DNA fragment solution at 0.1 to 20 ng/ ⁇ l, or 1 ⁇ l of a double-stranded oligonucleotide solution at 0.5 ⁇ M, and 2 ⁇ l of DNA Ligation Kit ⁇ Mighty Mix> (Takara Bio) and incubating at 16 ° C for 1 to 4 hours. 1 ⁇ l of this reaction solution was mixed with 10 ⁇ l of E.
- coli JM109 competent cells (Takara Bio), left on ice for 1 hour, and then incubated in a water bath at 42 ° C for 1 minute. After incubation, the E. coli was left on ice for 2 minutes, and then 50 ⁇ l of SOC medium was added, and the mixture was cultured at 37 ° C for 1 hour at a rotation speed of 30 rpm using a small rotary incubator RT-50 (Taitec). The cultured E. coli was smeared on an LB medium agar plate containing 10 ⁇ g/ml carbenicillin and cultured overnight at 37° C. The E.
- coli colonies formed on the agar plate were inoculated into 2 ml of LB liquid medium containing 10 ⁇ g/ml carbenicillin, and cultured overnight at 37° C. with a medium-sized thermostatic shaking incubator BR-53FP (Taitec) at a rotation speed of 220 rpm.
- the cultured E. coli was collected by centrifugation (20,000 ⁇ g, 1 minute), and plasmids were prepared using a QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kit and a nucleic acid extraction and purification device QIAcube (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- This DNA fragment has a BsaI site for inserting 5'UTR between the T7 promoter sequence and Kozak sequence, a BspQI site for inserting translation region (ORF) between the Kozak sequence and termination codon, a PaqCI site for inserting 3'UTR between the termination codon and polyA sequence, and a BsmBI site for linearizing template DNA downstream of the polyA sequence.
- This amplified DNA fragment was purified using MinElute PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen) and then inserted into the XcmI site of pBR322_ ⁇ typeIIS plasmid to construct pT7_TL_pA100 plasmid (SEQ ID NO: 135).
- the DNA fragments encoding the fluorescent protein E2Crimson were amplified by PCR using primers Common-F and Common-R (SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4) and KOD-Plus-Ver.2 (Toyobo) as templates, by annealing synthetic oligonucleotides of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, 10, each of which has a partially complementary 3' end, and by polymerase extension reaction from 5' to 3' direction using KOD-Plus-Ver.2 (Toyobo).
- the amplified DNA fragments were inserted into the XcmI site of pBR322_ ⁇ typeIIS plasmid to construct pBR_E2Crimson plasmid.
- the E2Crimson DNA fragment obtained by BspQI treatment of pBR_E2Crimson was inserted into the PaqCI site of pT7_TL_pA100 to construct pT7_TL_E2Crimson_pA100 plasmid.
- the DNA fragment encoding the SARS CoV2 spike protein was the sequence described in Messenger RNA encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein Sept. 2020 document 11889; 19th meeting of the Immunization and Vaccine Subcommittee of the Health Science Council (https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/shingi2/0000192554_00004.html).
- the pT7_TL_Spk_E2Crimson_pA100 plasmid was constructed by inserting this DNA fragment upstream of the region encoding E2Crimson in the pT7_TL_E2Crimson_pA100 plasmid.
- the Pfizer 5'UTR sequence was obtained by annealing the synthetic oligonucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 13 and 14.
- the pT7_TL_5Pf_E2Crimson_pA100 plasmid or pT7_TL_5Pf_Spk_E2Crimson_pA100 plasmid was constructed by inserting this DNA fragment into the BsaI site of pT7_TL_E2Crimson_pA100 or pT7_TL_Spk_E2Crimson_pA100.
- the Pfizer 3'UTR sequence was amplified by PCR using primers Common-F and Common-R (SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4) and KOD-Plus-Ver.2 (Toyobo) as a template, after annealing synthetic oligonucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 11 and 12, which have partially complementary 3' termini, and polymerase extension reaction from 5' to 3' with KOD-Plus-Ver.2, which made the single-stranded portion double-stranded.
- This PCR fragment was cloned into the XcmI site of the pBR322_ ⁇ typeIIS plasmid to construct the pBR-3Pf plasmid.
- the Pfizer 3'UTR sequence obtained by treating this pBR-3Pf plasmid with BsaI was inserted into the PaqCI site of pT7_TL_5Pf_E2Crimson_pA100 or pT7_TL_5Pf_Spk_E2Crimson_pA100 to construct pT7_TLpA_5Pf_E2Crimson_3Pf_pA100 (SEQ ID NO: 136) or pT7_TL_5Pf_Spk_E2Crimson_3Pf_pA100 (SEQ ID NO: 300).
- the 5'UTR sequence of the GAPDH gene was obtained by annealing the synthetic oligonucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 15 and 16.
- the pT7_TL_5GAP_E2Crim_pA100 plasmid was constructed by inserting this DNA fragment into the BsaI site of pT7_TL_E2Crimson_pA100.
- the 3'UTR sequence that is partially complementary to the 5'UTR sequence of the GAPDH gene was obtained by annealing the synthetic oligonucleotides described below.
- the pT7_TL_5GAP_E2Crim_3UTR_pA100 plasmid was constructed by introducing this DNA fragment into the PaqCI site of pT7_TL_5GAP_E2Crim_pA100.
- the sequence numbers of the synthetic oligonucleotides and the combination of the constructed plasmids are shown in Table 1 below.
- the 3'UTR sequence which is partially complementary to the Pfizer 5'UTR sequence, was obtained by annealing the synthetic oligonucleotides described below.
- the pT7_TL_5Pf_E2Crim_3UTR-100_pA100 plasmid was constructed by introducing this DNA fragment into the PaqCI site of pT7_TL_5Pf_E2Crimson_pA100.
- sequence numbers of the synthetic oligonucleotides and the combination of the constructed plasmid are described below.
- the 5'UTR sequence of the HSD17B4 gene was obtained by annealing the synthetic oligonucleotides shown in SEQ ID NOs: 99 and 100.
- the pT7_TL_5HSD_E2Crim_pA100 plasmid was constructed by inserting this DNA fragment into the BsaI site of pT7_TL_E2Crimson_pA100.
- the 3'UTR sequence that is partially complementary to the 5'UTR sequence of the HSD17B4 gene was obtained by annealing the synthetic oligonucleotides described below.
- the pT7_TL_5HSD_E2Crim_3UTR_pA100 plasmid was constructed by introducing this DNA fragment into the PaqCI site of pT7_TL_5HSD_E2Crim_pA100.
- sequence numbers of the synthetic oligonucleotides and the combination of the constructed plasmids are as follows:
- the plasmid serving as the template DNA was linearized with the restriction enzyme BsmBI (New England Biolab). After the BsmBI treatment, the plasmid was added with TE-saturated phenol and mixed thoroughly, and then separated into an organic phase and an aqueous phase by centrifugation (20,000 ⁇ g, 10 minutes), and the aqueous phase was recovered in a new tube.
- BsmBI restriction enzyme
- the recovered aqueous phase was added with 1-butanol and mixed thoroughly, and then separated into a 1-butanol phase and an aqueous phase by centrifugation (20,000 ⁇ g, 10 minutes), and the separated 1-butanol phase was removed. This operation was repeated three times to completely remove phenol and reduce the volume of the aqueous phase.
- 3M sodium acetate solution (pH 5.2) (Nacalai) and ethanol were added, mixed thoroughly, and then centrifuged (20,000 ⁇ g, 10 min) to precipitate the DNA fragments.
- the precipitated DNA fragments were washed with 70% ethanol and dissolved in distilled water to obtain linear template DNA.
- the solution contained 25 ng/ ⁇ l linear template DNA, 1 ⁇ T7 RNA polymerase supplement buffer (Takara Bio), 5 mM DTT, 1.6 mM CleanCap (TriLink), 0.4 mM GTP, 2.0 mM ATP, 2.0 mM CTP, and 2.0 mM N1-methyl pseudo-UTP (TriLink or Yamasa Shoyu), 1 U/ ⁇ l Recombinant RNase Inhibitor (Takara Bio), 2 U/ml inorganic pyrophosphatase (New In vitro transcription reaction was performed by incubating at 42°C for 3 hours under the conditions of 2.5U/ ⁇ l T7 RNA polymerase (England Biolab) and 2.5U/ ⁇ l T7 RNA polymerase (Takara Bio).
- Recombinant DNase I (Takara Bio) was added to a final concentration of 0.125U/ ⁇ l, and further incubated at 37°C for 15 minutes.
- a 1:1 mixed solution of citrate-saturated phenol (pH 4.3) (Nacalai) and chloroform (Nacalai) was added to the solution containing the RNA and mixed thoroughly, and then centrifuged (20,000 ⁇ g, 10 minutes) to separate it into an organic phase and an aqueous phase.
- Chloroform was added to the collected aqueous phase and mixed thoroughly, and then centrifuged (20,000 ⁇ g, 10 minutes) to separate it into a chloroform phase and an aqueous phase.
- RNA concentrations were quantified using a microspectrophotometer Nano drop One (Thermofisher) and Qubit RNA Broad Range Assay Kit (Thermofisher) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- RNA transfection into cultured cells and quantification of fluorescent protein expression levels 293 cells were cultured at 37°C in the presence of 5% CO2 in DMEM (Thermofisher or Nacalai) supplemented with 10% FBS (Thermofisher) and penicillin-streptomycin mixed solution (Nacalai). 1x105 cells were seeded in 1.5ml of medium per well of a 6-well culture plate, and after 24 hours of culture at 37°C, RNA transfection was performed.
- DMEM Thermofisher or Nacalai
- FBS Thermofisher
- penicillin-streptomycin mixed solution Nacalai
- RNA A mixture of 48.5 ⁇ l of Opti-MEM (Thermofisher) and 1.5 ⁇ l of Lipofectamine messengerMAX (Thermofisher) per well and 50 ⁇ l of Opti-MEM containing 50ng of RNA were prepared in advance, and then mixed and incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes. This solution was added to the culture wells and further cultured at 37°C for 24 hours. After the RNA transfection, the 293 cells were washed with 1 ml of DPBS (Thermofisher) per well, and then dissociated from the bottom of the culture plate with 0.5 ml of trypsin-EDTA (Nacalai).
- DPBS Thermofisher
- the cells were transferred to a 1.5 ml tube with the addition of 1 ml of DPBS, and then collected by centrifugation at 3000 x g for 3 minutes.
- the collected cells were resuspended in 100 ⁇ l of DPBS, and 30 ⁇ l of the suspension was dispensed into a 384-well microplate, flat bottom, black (Greiner).
- the relative amount of E2Crimson protein contained in each well was calculated by fluorescence measurement at an excitation wavelength of 606 nm and a fluorescence wavelength of 651 nm using a plate reader Infinite 200 PRO (TECAN).
- Example 1 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: usefulness of non-complementary 2 and 3 bases
- the expression levels of mRNAs whose 5'UTRs are GAPDH gene sequence, Pfizer sequence, and HSD17B4 gene sequence were examined.
- mRNAs whose 5'UTR and 3'UTR are both Pfizer sequences were used as a comparison.
- the constructions were produced and the expression levels were quantified based on the above production examples and quantification examples.
- Figure 2 shows the results of verifying the expression level of mRNA in which the 5'UTR is a GAPDH gene sequence and the 3'UTR is a sequence that has 100%, 94%, or 75% complementarity to the 5'UTR.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in the bar graph and the individual values for each sample in black plots.
- the highest expression level was observed when the non-complementary portion was 2 bases (#2), and the expression levels were equivalent when the non-complementary portion was 1 base and 4 bases. When the complementarity exceeded 90%, the expression level decreased. Furthermore, when the non-complementary portion exceeded 4 bases, the expression level decreased.
- Example 2 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: 5'UTR GAPDH
- the expression levels of mRNAs having the GAPDH gene sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined in 293 cells.
- the constructions were produced and quantified according to the above production example and quantification example.
- FIG. 3 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example. The results are shown in FIG. 4. For comparison, mRNAs with both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR Pfizer sequences were used. The ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bar graphs and individual values for each sample in black plots. When the non-complementary portion was 1 base, a high expression level was shown at a complementary rate of 75 to 89% and a complementary portion of 3 to 7 bases. When the complementary portion exceeded 7 bases, the expression level decreased. In addition, when the non-complementary portion was 2 bases and the complementary portion was 6 bases, and when the non-complementary portion was 3 bases and the complementary portion was 11 bases, a high expression level was shown.
- Example 3 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: 5'UTR Pfizer sequence
- the expression levels of mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined in 293 cells.
- the constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production example and quantification example.
- Figure 5 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example. The results are shown in Figure 6.
- mRNA with both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR having the Pfizer sequence was used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in the bar graph, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- Complementary-non-complementary Expression levels were enhanced in 4-1, 3-1, 6-2, 5-2, and 9-3 mRNAs compared to the Pfizer sequence, increasing by up to approximately 50%. There was a tendency for expression levels to be higher when the number of complementary bases was shorter.
- Example 4 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: 5'UTR HSD17B4 sequence
- the expression levels of mRNAs having the HSD17B4 gene sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined in 293 cells.
- the constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production example and quantification example.
- FIG. 7 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example, and the results are shown in FIG. 8.
- mRNAs in which both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR were Pfizer sequences were used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in the bar graph, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- Complementary-non-complementary Expression levels were enhanced in 4-1, 3-1, 6-2, 5-2, 9-3, and 8-3 mRNAs compared to the Pfizer sequence.
- the complementary portion is preferably 3 to 7 bases; if the non-complementary portion is 2 bases, the complementary portion is preferably 5 to 7 bases; if the non-complementary portion is 3 bases, the complementary portion is preferably 8 to 11 bases.
- Example 5 Improving expression efficiency by complementation between 5'-3' untranslated regions: Critical significance at a complementation rate of 75-80%
- the expression levels of mRNAs having the GAPDH gene sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined in 293 cells.
- the constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production examples and quantification examples.
- the sequence numbers of the synthetic oligonucleotides and the combinations of the constructed plasmids are as follows:
- FIG. 9 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example, and the results are shown in FIG. 10.
- mRNA in which both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR have the Pfizer sequence was used.
- the ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA.
- Three samples were measured for each mRNA, and the average values are plotted.
- FIG. 10 shows that the complementarity rate is maximum between 75% and 80%, and that a complementarity rate of 75% or higher is preferable.
- Example 6 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: Free energy change
- the correlation between the free energy change in the interaction between the 5'UTR and the 3'UTR and the expression level of each mRNA was examined for mRNAs in which the 3'UTR is partially complementary to the 5'UTR.
- the construction was produced and quantified based on the above production example and quantification example.
- the results are shown in FIG. 11.
- the expression level was calculated by setting the mRNA of Pfizer sequence for both 5'UTR and 3'UTR as 1.
- the free energy change was calculated by the secondary structure prediction program Mfold (Michael Zuker, Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction, Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3406-15).
- the left, center, and right of the figure show the results when the 5'UTR is GAPDH gene, HSD17B4 gene, and Pfizer sequence, respectively.
- Figure 12 shows the maximum free energy change.
- the maximum free energy change was determined by Mfold for mRNA in which base substitutions were made to mismatch the 5'UTR for all bases in the 3'UTR where the complementarity rate between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR is 100%.
- the relative free energy change was calculated using the rate of increase (rightward shift) from the inflection point as an index, with the difference between the inflection point value and the maximum value as 100%.
- the expression level was maximum for mRNA with a free energy change value that was 10% to 50% higher than the inflection point.
- Figure 13 shows a method for predicting the expression level of mRNA from 5'UTR and 3'UTR sequences.
- the maximum and minimum values of the free energy change were determined in the same way as in Figure 12. It was found that the average value of these maximum and minimum free energy values coincides with the value of the free energy change that is the inflection point of the sigmoid curve. By using this average value, it was possible to predict the inflection point with an error of 4.9 kcal/mol or less, or an accuracy of 13.1% or less. As in Figure 12, this error percentage was calculated by setting the difference between the value of the inflection point and the maximum free energy change as 100%. Based on this prediction of the inflection point, it is possible to predict the free energy change of the interaction between 5'UTR and 3'UTR in mRNA with the maximum expression level.
- Example 7 Prediction of expression level using free energy change
- Design candidate sequences for the 5'UTR. Design candidate sequences for 3'UTR that are partially complementary (complementarity rate 40-90%) to 5'UTR so that they have 1, 2, or 3 non-complementary bases and 4-14 complementary bases. In this case, the number of complementary bases should be consecutive. For example, if complementary 7-10 bases are selected, all sequences with complementary 7, 8, 9, and 10 bases are designed. Design 10-20 types for each type of 5'UTR. 3. For the designed sequence, the free energy change is calculated using the secondary structure prediction program Mfold. 4. The average of the maximum and minimum free energy changes is used as the reference value.
- the maximum free energy change is based on a sequence in which all bases in the 3'UTR have been mismatch-substituted, and the minimum free energy change is based on a sequence with 100% 5'-3'UTR complementarity. 5.
- Candidate sequences having free energy change values with an increase rate of 0% to 60% relative to the reference value are selected. 6. If necessary, confirm the protein expression levels of the selected candidate sequences and select sequences with high expression levels.
- Example 8 Improving expression efficiency by complementation between 5'-3' untranslated regions: myoblast cell line C2C12
- the expression levels of mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined in C2C12 cells.
- the constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production example and quantification example.
- FIG. 5 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example. The results are shown in FIG. 15. For comparison, mRNAs with both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR Pfizer sequences were used. The ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was used as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bar graphs, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- Complementary-non-complementary The expression level was enhanced in 4-1, 3-1, 6-2, 5-2, and 9-3 mRNAs compared to the Pfizer sequence, increasing by up to about 60%. Since the results were equivalent to those in 293 cells shown in FIG. 6, it became clear that the effect of partially complementary 5' untranslated region (UTR) and 3'UTR is not limited to cell types.
- Example 9 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: long mRNA
- the expression levels of mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR, various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR, and the SARS CoV2 Spike and E2Crimson fusion proteins as the ORFs were examined in 293 cells. The constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production examples and quantification examples.
- FIG. 5 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example. The results are shown in FIG. 16. For comparison, mRNAs with both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR Pfizer sequences were used. The ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA. Measurements were performed on multiple samples for each mRNA, and the average values are shown in bar graphs, and the individual values for each sample are shown in black plots.
- Example 10 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' untranslated regions: Removal of bases from non-complementary portions
- the expression levels in 293 cells of mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined.
- Non-complementary sequences were obtained by removing bases in these 3'UTRs.
- the constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production examples and quantification examples.
- FIG. 17(2) shows a schematic diagram of the mRNA used in this example.
- FIG. 18 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example. The results of the mRNA from which the non-complementary site on the 3'UTR shown in FIG. 18(2) was removed are shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20. For comparison, an mRNA in which both the 5'UTR and 3'UTR have the Pfizer sequence was used. The ratio of the E2Crimson fluorescence measurement value to the Calcein fluorescence measurement value was taken as the relative expression level of the E2Crimson protein in each mRNA.
- the expression level was enhanced compared to the Pfizer sequence in complementary-non-complementary: 4-1, 3-1, 6-2, 5-2, 9-3, and 8-3 mRNAs, indicating that in the case of base removal, the expression level tends to be higher in mRNAs with longer complementary strands and higher complementarity rates.
- the expression levels of the mRNA in which the non-complementary site in the 5'UTR is removed as shown in Figure 18(3), the mRNA in which base substitution and base deletion are mixed as shown in Figure 18(4), the mRNA in which a non-complementary sequence is created by adding bases in the 3'UTR as shown in Figure 18(5), and the mRNA in which a non-complementary sequence is created by adding bases in the 5'UTR as shown in Figure 18(6) are also confirmed by the same method. Sequences of the plasmids used for mRNA synthesis are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 301-315 and 334-339. The expression levels can be controlled in the same manner as the mRNA in which the non-complementary site in the 3'UTR is removed as shown in Figure 18(2).
- Example 11 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' non-translated regions: Deletion of bases in non-complementary regions, myoblast cell line C2C12
- the expression levels in C2C12 cells of mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to this 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined.
- the 3'UTRs were made non-complementary by removing bases.
- the constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production examples and quantification examples.
- the expression level was enhanced compared to the Pfizer sequence, increasing by up to about 50%.
- the expression level was enhanced in the mRNAs of complementary-non-complementary: 4-1, 3-1, 6-2, 5-2, and 9-3 compared to the Pfizer sequence.
- the expression level tends to be higher in mRNAs with longer complementary strands and higher complementarity rates.
- Example 12 Improving expression efficiency by complementarity between 5'-3' non-translated regions: Deletion of bases in non-complementary portions, myoblast cell line C2C12, long mRNA
- the expression levels in C2C12 cells of mRNAs having the Pfizer sequence as the 5'UTR and various sequences partially complementary to the 5'UTR as the 3'UTR were examined.
- Non-complementary sequences were obtained by removing bases in these 3'UTRs.
- the ORFs were SARS CoV2 Spike and E2 Crimson fusion proteins. The constructions were produced and quantified based on the above production examples and quantification examples.
- the expression levels were enhanced in the mRNAs of complementary-non-complementary: 6-1, 11-2, 8-2, 7-2, 6-2, 5-2, 12-3, 11-3, 10-3, 9-3, and 8-3 compared to the Pfizer sequence. This indicates that in the case of long-chain mRNA as well, when bases are removed, the expression level tends to be higher in mRNAs with long complementary strands and high complementarity rates.
- FIG. 24 shows the base sequences of the 3'UTR and 5'UTR used in this example.
- SEQ ID NOs: 316-333 show the sequences of the plasmids used for mRNA synthesis.
- FIG. 24(1) shows the case where all non-complementary portions are replaced, i.e., the number of bases in the non-complementary portions is the same in the 5'UTR and 3'UTR. Protein expression is confirmed for these by the method described in the previous example. The expression level can be controlled in the same way as the mRNA shown in FIG. 5. Furthermore, FIG.
- 24(2) shows the case where the bases in the non-complementary portions are replaced or removed, i.e., the number of bases in the non-complementary portions is different between the 5'UTR and 3'UTR. Protein expression is confirmed for these by the method described in the previous example. The expression level can be controlled in the same way as the mRNA shown in FIG. 18(2) where the non-complementary portions on the 3'UTR are removed.
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Abstract
Description
[項目X1]
互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含む核酸構築物であって、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基の置換である場合、該3’UTRの該5’UTRに対する相補率が75%より高い、核酸構築物。
[項目X2]
非相補部分の塩基が置換または除去されたものである、上記項目に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X2A]
前記非相補部分がすべて置換である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X2B]
前記非相補部分がすべて置換であり、かつ、各々の長さがすべて1塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X2C]
前記非相補部分がすべて除去である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X3]
該非相補部分の少なくとも1つが2塩基以上の長さのものを含む、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X4]
少なくとも1つの前記非相補部分の長さがいずれも2塩基または3塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X5]
少なくとも1つの前記相補部分の長さが5塩基以上である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X6]
少なくとも1つの前記相補部分の長さが5~11塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X7]
前記非相補部分の長さが2塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して5~7塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X8]
前記非相補部分の長さが3塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して8~11塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X9]
前記非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基以上であり、前記相補率が75%より高い、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X10]
前記相補率が、80%~90%である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X11]
前記相補率が、81%~89%である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X12]
少なくとも1つの前記非相補部分が1塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X13]
前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して3~11塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X14]
前記非相補部分が1塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して3~7塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X15]
前記非相補部分の長さが2塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して5~7塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X16]
前記非相補部分の長さが3塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して8~11塩基である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X17]
互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含む核酸構築物であって、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、前記非相補部分と前記相補部分とが交互に存在することを特徴とする、核酸構築物。
[項目X17A]
前記交互に存在する部分以外の部分(端数部分(4)ともいう。)は1塩基以上相補部分の塩基長以下であることを特徴とする、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X17B]
前記非相補部分(2)が1塩基の場合、前記相補部分(3)は塩基置換の場合3~6塩基長であり、塩基除去の場合、3~9塩基長である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X18]
前記非相補部分が2塩基の場合、前記相補部分(3)は塩基置換の場合5~7塩基長であり、塩基除去の場合5~11塩基長である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X19]
前記非相補部分が3塩基の場合、前記相補部分は塩基置換の場合8~9塩基長であり、塩基除去の場合8~11塩基長である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X19A]
前記非相補部分(2)は2塩基もしくは3塩基がである、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X19B]
前記非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基以上であり、相補率が75%より高い、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X19C]
前記相補率が、80%~90%である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X19D]
前記相補率が、81%~89%である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X20]
前記5’UTRまたは前記3’UTRのいずれか一方が、非相補部分を含まない、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X21]
自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)が所定値またはその範囲である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X22]
前記所定値またはその範囲が、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値またはその範囲である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X23]
前記所定値またはその範囲が、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率10%~50%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値またはその範囲である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
[項目X24]
核酸構築物を製造する方法であって、該核酸構築物は、互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含み、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該方法は、複数の候補核酸構築物を設計する工程、設計した該複数の候補核酸構築物について自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)を計算する工程、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)が所定値またはその範囲である候補核酸構築物を選択する工程、および必要に応じて、選択された該候補核酸構築物の細胞における発現量を測定する工程を含む、方法。
[項目X25]
核酸構築物を製造する方法であって、該核酸構築物は、互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含み、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該方法は、複数の候補核酸構築物を設計する工程、設計した該複数の候補核酸構築物について自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)を計算する工程、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値をもつ候補核酸構築物を選択する工程、および必要に応じて、選択された該候補核酸構築物の細胞における発現量を測定する工程を含む、方法。
[項目X26]
前記平均値に対する増加率が10%~50%である、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目X27]
上記項目のいずれか一項のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って製造された、上記項目のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目1)
互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含む核酸構築物であって、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基である場合、該3’UTRの該5’UTRに対する相補率が75%より高い、核酸構築物。
(項目2)
該非相補部分の少なくとも1つが2塩基以上の長さのものを含む、項目1に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目3)
少なくとも1つの前記非相補部分の長さがいずれも2塩基または3塩基である、項目1または2に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目4)
少なくとも1つの前記相補部分の長さが5塩基以上である、項目1~3のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目5)
少なくとも1つの前記相補部分の長さが5~11塩基である、項目1~3のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目6)
前記非相補部分の長さが2塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して5~7塩基である、項目1に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目7)
前記非相補部分の長さが3塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して8~11塩基である、項目1に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目8)
前記非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基以上であり、前記相補率が75%より高い、項目1に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目9)
前記相補率が、80%~90%である、項目8に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目10)
前記相補率が、81%~89%である、項目8に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目11)
少なくとも1つの前記非相補部分が1塩基である、項目7に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目12)
前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して3~11塩基である、項目8~11のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目13)
前記非相補部分が1塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して3~7塩基である、項目8に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目14)
前記非相補部分の長さが2塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して5~7塩基である、項目8に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目15)
前記非相補部分の長さが3塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して8~11塩基である、項目8に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目16)
前記5’UTRまたは前記3’UTRのいずれか一方が、非相補部分を含まない、項目1に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目17)
自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)が所定値またはその範囲である、項目1~16のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目18)
前記所定値またはその範囲が、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値またはその範囲である、項目17に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目19)
前記所定値またはその範囲が、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率10%~50%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値またはその範囲である、項目17に記載の核酸構築物。
(項目20)
核酸構築物を製造する方法であって、該核酸構築物は、互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含み、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該方法は、複数の候補核酸構築物を設計する工程、設計した該複数の候補核酸構築物について自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)を計算する工程、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)が所定値またはその範囲である候補核酸構築物を選択する工程、および必要に応じて、選択された該候補核酸構築物の細胞における発現量を測定する工程を含む、方法。
(項目21)
核酸構築物を製造する方法であって、該核酸構築物は、互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含み、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該方法は、複数の候補核酸構築物を設計する工程、設計した該複数の候補核酸構築物について自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)を計算する工程、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値をもつ候補核酸構築物を選択する工程、および必要に応じて、選択された該候補核酸構築物の細胞における発現量を測定する工程を含む、方法。
(項目22)
前記平均値に対する増加率が10%~50%である、項目21に記載の方法。
(項目23)
項目20~22のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って製造された、項目1~19のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
5’-NNNAGNNN
3’-NNNA0NNN
(Nは相補鎖、0は塩基なし)
のような場合、5‘側のAに対してUAは、相補鎖であればUであるところの置換であるが、5’側のGに対して0は除去に該当する。
5’-NNNAGNNNU0NNN
3’-NNNA0NNNUGNNN
のような場合、5’側のAG部分は、上記と同様であるが、U0に対応する部分は、Gは「追加」とみることもできるが、本明細書では、広義には、「除去」と記載することがある。
ΔG=ΔG°+RTlnK (2)
ここで、Kは平衡定数、ΔG°は標準状態(1 atm、25℃)のギブズの自由エネルギー変化量とする。核酸の平衡定数を考える場合、二つの鎖AとB(例えば、3’UTRおよび5’UTR)が1:1で会合する平衡反応として記述できる(式(3))。
二本鎖の状態モル分率をα、核酸の全濃度をCとすると、完全解離したときのAおよびBの濃度[A]、[B]はC/2になるため、平衡定数は以下の式(4)で表すことができる。
核酸が50%乖離した平衡状態であるとき、
α=1/2、ΔG=0 (5)
となるため、式(2)に式(4)および(5)を代入すると、
ΔG°=-RTmln(4/C) (6)
となる。
式(1)に式(6)を代入することで、以下の式(7)が得られる。
1/Tmとln(C/4)の2つの関数として測定値をプロットすると、切片と傾きから標準状態のエンタルピー変化量ΔH°およびエントロピー変化量ΔS°が求められる。
以下に本開示の好ましい実施形態を説明する。以下に提供される実施形態は、本開示のよりよい理解のために提供されるものであり、本開示の範囲は以下の記載に限定されるべきでないことが理解される。従って、当業者は、本明細書中の記載を参酌して、本開示の範囲内で適宜改変を行うことができることは明らかである。また、以下の実施形態は単独でも使用されあるいはそれらを組み合わせて使用することができることが理解される。
((ΔGmax+ΔGmin)/2)×t
であり得る。ここで、t=0.9~1.7、好ましくはt=1~1.6、最も好ましくはt=1.1~1.5であり得る。
一般的なDNA、RNA、遺伝子組換えの実験操作については、標準プロトコル(Sambrook, J., et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York(1989))に従って行った。
(低融点アガロースゲルを用いたDNA断片の精製)
DNA断片は、2-ヒドロキシエチルアガロース(シグマアルドリッチ)および1×TAEバッファー(ナカライ)を用い作製した0.7%の低融点アガロースゲルにより、電圧100Vで1時間の電気泳動により分離した。泳動後のゲルは、GelRed 核酸ゲル染色液(富士フイルム和光純薬)を含む1×TAEバッファーにより30分間染色し、長波長の紫外線(366nm)で可視化することにより、目的のDNA断片をアガロースゲルから回収した。DNA断片を含むアガロースゲルは、Thermostable β―Agarase(ニッポンジーン)存在下で、63℃で5分間インキュベートしさらに60℃で10分間インキュベートすることにより溶解したのち、TE飽和フェノール(ナカライ)を添加し十分混合した。遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)によりフェノール相と水相に分離し、水相は新しいチューブに回収した。回収した水相は、1-ブタノールを添加し十分混合したのち遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)により1-ブタノール相と水相に分離し、分離した1-ブタノール相を除去する一連の操作を3回繰り返すことにより、フェノールを除去するとともに水相の体積を減少させた。この水相に3M酢酸カリウム-酢酸緩衝液(pH5.2)、エタノールを添加し十分混合したのち遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)することによりDNA断片を沈殿させた。沈殿したDNA断片は70%エタノールで洗浄したのちTEバッファー(ナカライ)に溶解させた。
5μlずつ混合した2種類の100μM合成オリゴヌクレオチドを、TaKaRa PCR Thermal Cycler Dice Touch(タカラバイオ)をもちいて99℃10秒間インキュベーションののち40℃まで90分間かけて徐々に冷却することにより、50μMの2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドを形成させた。この2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチドは蒸留水により0.5μMに希釈した。
1~20ng/μlの制限酵素処理を行ったプラスミド溶液1μl、0.1~20ng/μlのDNA断片溶液1μlもしくは0.5μMの2本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド溶液1μlおよびDNA Ligation Kit <Mighty Mix>(タカラバイオ)2μlを混合し、16℃で1~4時間インキュベーションすることによりライゲーション反応を行った。この反応液1μlと大腸菌JM109コンピテントセル(タカラバイオ)10μlを混合し、氷上に1時間静置後、42℃の湯浴で1分間インキュベーションした。インキュベーション後の大腸菌は、氷上で2分静置後、SOC培地を50μl添加し、小型回転培養機RT-50(タイテック)により回転速度30rpmで37℃1時間培養した。培養後の大腸菌は10μg/mlカルベニシリンを含むLB培地寒天プレートに塗抹し37℃で一晩培養した。寒天プレート上に形成した大腸菌コロニーは、10μg/mlカルベニシリンを含む2mlのLB液体培地に植菌し、中型恒温振とう培養機BR―53FP(タイテック)により回転速度220rpmで37℃下一晩振とう培養を行った。培養後の大腸菌は、遠心分離(20,000×g、1分間)により回収し、QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kitおよび核酸抽出精製装置QIAcube(キアゲン)により製造元の使用説明書に従ってプラスミドを調製した。
T7プロモーター配列、コザック配列、終止コドンおよび101塩基長のポリA連続配列から構成されるDNA断片は、3’末端が一部相補となっている配列番号1、2に示す合成オリゴヌクレオチドをアニールさせその一本鎖部分をKOD―Plus―Ver.2(東洋紡)の5’から3’方向へのポリメラーゼ伸長反応により二本鎖とした産物を鋳型として、プライマーCommon-FとCommon-R(配列番号3、4)およびKOD―Plus―Ver.2を用いたPCRにより増幅した。このDNA断片には、T7プロモーター配列とコザック配列の間に5’UTRを挿入するためのBsaIサイト、コザック配列と終止コドンの間に翻訳領域(ORF)を挿入するためのBspQIサイト、終止コドンとポリA配列の間に3’UTRを挿入するためのPaqCIサイトおよびポリA連続配列の下流に鋳型DNA直鎖化のためのBsmBIサイトを付加している。この増幅したDNA断片は、MinElute PCR Purification Kit(キアゲン)により精製したのち、pBR322_ΔtypeIISプラスミドのXcmIサイトに挿入することにより、pT7_TL_pA100プラスミド(配列番号135)を構築した。
鋳型DNAからRNAポリメラーゼが解離することによりRNA合成を停止させ、かつ合成したRNAの3’末端をAヌクレオチド連続配列とするために、鋳型DNAとなるプラスミドは制限酵素BsmBI(New England Biolab)により直鎖化した。BsmBI処理後のプラスミドは、TE飽和フェノールを添加し十分混合したのち、遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)により有機相と水相とに分離させ、水相は新しいチューブに回収した。回収した水相は、1-ブタノールを添加し十分混合したのち遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)により1-ブタノール相と水相に分離し、分離した1-ブタノール相を除去した。この操作を3回繰り返すことによりフェノールを完全に除去するとともに水相の体積を減少させた。この水相に3M酢酸ナトリウム溶液(pH5.2)(ナカライ)、エタノールを添加し十分混合したのち遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)することによりDNA断片を沈殿させた。沈殿したDNA断片は、70%エタノールで洗浄したのち、蒸留水に溶解し直鎖鋳型DNAを得た。25ng/μl直鎖鋳型DNA、1×T7RNAポリメラーゼ添付バッファー(タカラバイオ)、5mM DTT、1.6mM CleanCap(TriLink)、0.4mM GTP、2.0mM ATP、2.0mM CTPおよび2.0mM N1―メチルシュードUTP(TriLinkもしくはヤマサしょう油)、1U/μl Recombinant RNase Inhibitor(タカラバイオ)2U/ml無機ピロフォスファターゼ(New
England Biolab)、2.5U/μl T7 RNAポリメラーゼ(タカラバイオ)の条件下、42℃で3時間インキュベーションすることによりin vitro転写反応を行った。この反応後、残存する直鎖鋳型DNAを除去するために、Recombinant DNaseI(タカラバイオ)を終濃度0.125U/μlとなるように添加し、さらに37℃で15分間インキュベーションした。反応後のRNAを含む溶液は、クエン酸飽和フェノール(pH4.3)(ナカライ)とクロロホルム(ナカライ)の1:1混合溶液を添加し十分混合したのち、遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)により有機相と水相とに分離させた。回収した水相にクロロホルムを添加し十分混合したのち、遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)によりクロロホルム相と水相に分離させた。この操作を2回繰り返すことで水相に含まれるフェノールを完全に除去した。この水相に3M酢酸ナトリウム溶液(pH5.2)およびエタノールを添加し、十分混合したのち遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)することによりRNAを沈殿させた。沈殿したRNAは70%エタノールで洗浄したのち50μlの蒸留水に溶解した。このRNA溶液は、あらかじめ700×gで1分間遠心分離したMicroSpin S―200 Column(Cytiva)にアプライし、700×gで2分間の遠心分離ののちさらに蒸留水50μl添加後700×gで2分間の遠心分離を行い、このRNA溶液に含まれる未反応のヌクレオチドを除去した。この溶出液に3M酢酸ナトリウム溶液(pH5.2)およびエタノールを添加し、十分混合したのち遠心分離(20,000×g、10分間)することによりRNAを沈殿させた。沈殿したRNAは70%エタノールで洗浄したのち20μlの蒸留水に溶解した。RNA濃度は微量分光光度計Nano drop One(Thermofisher)およびQubit RNA Broad Range Assasy Kit(Thermofisher)により製造元の使用説明書に従い定量した。
(培養細胞へのRNAトランスフェクションおよび蛍光タンパク質発現量の定量)
293細胞は10% FBS(Thermofisher)、ペニシリン-ストレプトマイシン混合溶液(ナカライ)を添加したDMEM(Thermofisherもしくはナカライ)中において5%CO2存在下37℃で培養した。6ウェル培養プレート1ウェルあたり1.5mlの培地中に1×105細胞となるように播種し、37℃で24時間培養したのちRNAトランスフェクションを行った。1ウェルあたりOpti-MEM(Thermofisher)48.5μlとLipofectamine messengerMAX(Thermofisher)1.5μlの混合物および50ngのRNAを含むOpti-MEM50μlをそれぞれあらかじめ調製したのち、これらを混合し室温で10分間インキュベーションした。この溶液を培養ウェルに添加しさらに37℃で24時間培養した。RNAトランスフェクション後の293細胞は、1ウェルあたり1mlのDPBS(Thermofisher)で洗浄後、0.5mlのトリプシン―EDTA(ナカライ)により培養プレート底面から解離させた。解離後の細胞は1mlのDPBSを添加するとともに1.5mlチューブに移したのち、3000×gで3分間の遠心分離により回収した。回収した細胞は100μlのDPBSに再度懸濁し、そのうち30μlを384ウェル・マイクロプレート・平底・黒(グライナー)に分注した。各ウェルに含まれるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対量を、プレートリーダーInfinite 200 PRO(TECAN)による励起波長606nm、蛍光波長651nmの蛍光測定により算出した。さらに、上記蛍光測定ののち、各ウェルに分注した細胞懸濁液に5μg/mlのCalcein-AM(同仁化学)を含むDPBSを3μl添加し混合し、37℃で30分間インキュベートした。各ウェルに含まれる相対生細胞数を、細胞内エステラーゼによるCalcein-AMの加水分解産物であるCalceinが示す励起波長480nm、蛍光波長533nmの蛍光測定により算出した。なお、E2Crimsonタンパク質の示す蛍光が、Calceinの示す蛍光に干渉しないことを別途確認している。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。
本実施例では、5’UTRがGAPDH遺伝子配列、ファイザー配列、HSD17B4遺伝子配列とするmRNAの発現レベルを検証した。いずれも比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。構築物の製造および発現量の定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
結果を図1に示す。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。(相補塩基数)/(非相補塩基数)=3の場合、5’UTRがGAPDHまたはHSD17B4の場合は、非相補2塩基または3塩基がより、高い発現量を示した。5’UTRがファイザーの場合は、非相補1~3塩基においてほぼ同等であった。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてGAPDH遺伝子配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、293細胞における発現レベルを検証した。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
図3は、本実施例で使用した3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示す。図4に結果を示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。非相補部分が1塩基の場合、相補率75~89%および相補部分3~7塩基において、高い発現量を示した。相補部分が7塩基を超えると、発現量が低下した。また、非相補部分が2塩基かつ相補部分が6塩基の場合、非相補部分が3塩基かつ相補部分が11塩基の場合、高い発現量を示した。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてファイザー配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、293細胞における発現レベルを検証した。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてHSD17B4遺伝子配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、293細胞における発現レベルを検証した。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
図7は、本実施例で使用した3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示し、結果は図8を示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。相補-非相補:4-1、3-1、6-2、5-2、9-3、8-3のmRNAにおいて、ファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進した。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてGAPDH遺伝子配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、293細胞における発現レベルを検証した。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。合成オリゴヌクレオチドの配列番号および構築されたプラスミドの組み合わせは以下の通りである。
図9は、本実施例で使用した3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示し、結果を図10に示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して3サンプルの測定を行いその平均値をプロットで示している。図10は、相補率が75%~80%の間で最大値となり、75%またはそれより高い相補率が好ましいことを示している。
本実施例では、3’UTRが5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつmRNAについて、5’UTRと3’UTRの相互作用における自由エネルギー変化と各mRNAの発現レベルの相関を調べた。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
結果を図11に示す。発現レベルは5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを1として算出した。自由エネルギー変化は2次構造予測プログラムMfoldにより求めた(Michael Zuker, Mfold web server for nucleic acid folding and hybridization prediction, Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3406-15)。図左、中央、右に、5’UTRがそれぞれGAPDH遺伝子、HSD17B4遺伝子、ファイザー配列のときの結果を示している。各5’UTRについて、得られた実測値をシグモイド曲線のひとつである4係数ロジスティック曲線y=d+(a-d)/(1+(x/c)^b)にそれぞれフィッティングした。図11は、自由エネルギー変化と発現量とが相関しており、自由エネルギー変化から発現量をある程度予測することができることが明らかとなった。
1.5’UTRの候補配列を設計する。
2.5’UTRと部分的に相補(相補率40~90%)となる3’UTRの候補配列を、非相補1,2もしくは3塩基でありかつ相補4~14塩基となるように設計する。このとき相補塩基数は連続した数とする。例えば、相補7~10塩基を選択するのであれば相補7、8、9、10塩基とする配列をすべて設計する。5’UTR1種につき10~20種類設計する。
3.設計した配列について、2次構造予測プログラムMfoldにより自由エネルギー変化を求める。
4.自由エネルギー変化の最大値および最小値の平均を基準値とする。ここで、自由エネルギー変化の最大値は、3’UTR全塩基についてミスマッチ置換を行った配列に基づき、自由エネルギー変化の最小値は、5’-3’UTR相補率100%の配列に基づく。
5.基準値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値をもつ候補配列を選択する。
6.必要に応じて、選択した候補配列のタンパク質発現量を確認し、発現量が高い配列を選択する。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてファイザー配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、C2C12細胞における発現レベルを検証した。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
図5は、本実施例で使用した3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示す。結果を図15に示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。相補-非相補:4-1、3-1、6-2、5-2、9-3のmRNAにおいて、ファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進し、最大で約60%増大した。図6に示した293細胞における結果と同等であったことから、部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRがもたらす効果は、細胞種に限定されないことが明らかとなった。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてファイザー配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列、ORFとしてSARS CoV2 Spike、E2Crimson融合タンパク質をもつmRNAについて、293細胞における発現レベルを検証した。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
図5は、本実施例で使用した3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示す。結果を図16に示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。相補-非相補:6-1、3-1、11-2、8-2、7-2、6-2、5-2、12-3、11-3、10-3、9-3、8-3において、ファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進し、最大で約2倍増大した。図6に示したE2Crimsonタンパク質をORFとするmRNAにおける結果と同等であった。SARS CoV2 Spike、E2Crimson融合タンパク質のORFは4.5 kbp、E2Crimsonタンパク質のORFは0.7 kbpであることから部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRがもたらす効果は、ORF種別およびその鎖長に限定されないことが明らかとなった。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてファイザー配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、293細胞における発現レベルを検証した。これら3’UTRにおいて塩基を除去することにより非相補配列としている。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
図17(2)に本実施例で使用したmRNAについて模式図として示す。図18は、本実施例で使用した3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示す。図18(2)に示す3’UTR上の非相補部位を除去したmRNAの結果を図19および図20に示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。相補-非相補:9-1、5-1、4-1、3-1、9-2、8-2、7-2、6-2、5-2、11-3、10-3、9-3、8-3において、ファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進し、最大で約60%増大した。図6に示す非相補部分を塩基置換とした場合においては、相補-非相補:4-1、3-1、6-2、5-2、9-3、8-3のmRNAにおいてファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進したことから、塩基除去の場合は相補鎖が長くかつ高相補率のmRNAにおいて発現レベルが高くなる傾向が認められた。さらに図18(3)に示す5’UTR上の非相補部位を除去したmRNA、図18(4)に示す塩基置換と塩基除去が混在するmRNA、図18(5)に示す3’UTRにおいて塩基を追加することにより非相補配列を作出したmRNA、図18(6)に示す5’UTRにおいて塩基を追加することにより非相補配列を作出したmRNAの発現レベルも同様の方法で確認する。配列番号301-315、334―339にmRNA合成に用いるプラスミドの配列を示す。図18(2)に示す3’UTR上の非相補部位を除去したmRNAと同様に発現レベルが制御されうる。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてファイザー配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、C2C12細胞における発現レベルを検証した。これら3’UTRにおいて塩基を除去することにより非相補配列としている。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
図19および図20において使用したmRNAにより得られた結果を図21および図22に示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。相補-非相補4-1、3-1、8-2、7-2、6-2、5-2、11-3、10-3、9-3、8-3において、ファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進し、最大で約50%増大した。図15に示す非相補部分を塩基置換とした場合においては、相補-非相補:4-1、3-1、6-2、5-2、9-3のmRNAにおいてファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進したことから、293細胞の場合と同様に、塩基除去の場合は相補鎖が長くかつ高相補率のmRNAにおいて発現レベルが高くなる傾向が認められた。
本実施例では、5’UTRとしてファイザー配列、3’UTRとしてこの5’UTRと部分的に相補性をもつ各種配列をもつmRNAについて、C2C12細胞における発現レベルを検証した。これら3’UTRにおいて塩基を除去することにより非相補配列としている。またORFはSARS CoV2 Spike、E2Crimson融合タンパク質としている。構築物の製造および定量は、上記製造実施例および定量実施例に基づき行った。
結果を図23に示す。比較対象として5’UTR、3’UTRがいずれもファイザー配列のmRNAを用いた。E2Crimson蛍光測定値のCalcein蛍光測定値に対する比率を、各mRNAにおけるE2Crimsonタンパク質の相対発現量とした。各mRNAに対して複数サンプルについて測定を行い、その平均値を棒グラフで、各サンプルの個別値を黒プロットで示している。相補-非相補:9-1,6-1、5-1、11-2、10-2、9-2、8-2、7-2、11-3、10-3、8-3において、ファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進し、最大で約40%増大した。図16に示す非相補部分を塩基置換とした場合においては、相補-非相補:6-1、11-2、8-2、7-2、6-2、5-2、12-3、11-3、10-3、9-3、8-3のmRNAにおいてファイザー配列より発現レベルが亢進したことから、長鎖mRNAでも同様に塩基除去の場合は相補鎖が長くかつ高相補率のmRNAにおいて発現レベルが高くなる傾向が認められた。
図24は、本実施例で使用する3’UTRおよび5’UTRの各塩基配列を示す。配列番号316-333にmRNA合成に用いるプラスミドの配列を示す。図24(1)は非相補部分がすべて置換、すなわち非相補部分の塩基数が5’UTRと3’UTRにおいて同じ場合である。これらについて前記実施例記載の方法でタンパク質の発現を確認する。図5に示すmRNAと同様に発現レベルが制御しうる。さらに、図24(2)は非相補部分の塩基が置換または除去されたもの、すなわち非相補部分の塩基数が5’UTRと3’UTRで異なる場合である。これらについて前記実施例記載の方法でタンパク質の発現を確認する。図18(2)に示す3’UTR上の非相補部位を除去したmRNAと同様に発現レベルが制御されうる。
以上のように、本開示の好ましい実施形態を用いて本開示を例示してきたが、本開示は、請求の範囲によってのみその範囲が解釈されるべきであることが理解される。本明細書において引用した特許、特許出願および文献は、その内容自体が具体的に本明細書に記載されているのと同様にその内容が本明細書に対する参考として援用されるべきであることが理解される。本出願は、2023年1月31日に日本国特許庁に出願した特願2023-013290に対して優先権主張をともなうものであり、その内容は本出願において必要に応じてすべてが本明細書を構成するものとして引用される。
Claims (27)
- 互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含む核酸構築物であって、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基の置換である場合、該3’UTRの該5’UTRに対する相補率が75%より高い、核酸構築物。
- 非相補部分の塩基が置換または除去されたものである、請求項1に記載の核酸構築物。
- 該非相補部分の少なくとも1つが2塩基以上の長さのものを含む、請求項1~2のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 少なくとも1つの前記非相補部分の長さがいずれも2塩基または3塩基である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 少なくとも1つの前記相補部分の長さが5塩基以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 少なくとも1つの前記相補部分の長さが5~11塩基である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分の長さが2塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して5~7塩基である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分の長さが3塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して8~11塩基である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分の各々の長さがすべて1塩基以上であり、前記相補率が75%より高い、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記相補率が、80%~90%である、請求項9に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記相補率が、81%~89%である、請求項9または10に記載の核酸構築物。
- 少なくとも1つの前記非相補部分が1塩基である、請求項1~11に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して3~11塩基である、請求項9~12のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分が1塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して3~7塩基である、請求項9に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分の長さが2塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して5~7塩基である、請求項9に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分の長さが3塩基であり、前記相補部分の長さがそれぞれ独立して8~11塩基である、請求項9に記載の核酸構築物。
- 互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含む核酸構築物であって、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、前記非相補部分と前記相補部分とが交互に存在することを特徴とする、核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分が2塩基の場合、前記相補部分は塩基置換の場合5~7塩基長であり、塩基除去の場合5~11塩基長である、請求項17に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記非相補部分が3塩基の場合、前記相補部分は塩基置換の場合8~9塩基長であり、塩基除去の場合8~11塩基長である、請求項17に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記5’UTRまたは前記3’UTRのいずれか一方が、非相補部分を含まない、請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)が所定値またはその範囲である、請求項1~20のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記所定値またはその範囲が、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値またはその範囲である、請求項21に記載の核酸構築物。
- 前記所定値またはその範囲が、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率10%~50%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値またはその範囲である、請求項22に記載の核酸構築物。
- 核酸構築物を製造する方法であって、該核酸構築物は、互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含み、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該方法は、複数の候補核酸構築物を設計する工程、設計した該複数の候補核酸構築物について自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)を計算する工程、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)が所定値またはその範囲である候補核酸構築物を選択する工程、および必要に応じて、選択された該候補核酸構築物の細胞における発現量を測定する工程を含む、方法。
- 核酸構築物を製造する方法であって、該核酸構築物は、互いに少なくとも部分的に相補的である5’非翻訳領域(UTR)および3’UTRを含み、少なくとも一方のUTRが、他方のUTRに対する非相補部分および相補部分を含み、該方法は、複数の候補核酸構築物を設計する工程、設計した該複数の候補核酸構築物について自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)を計算する工程、自由エネルギー変化(ΔG)の最大値および最小値の平均値に対する増加率0%~60%の範囲の自由エネルギー変化の値をもつ候補核酸構築物を選択する工程、および必要に応じて、選択された該候補核酸構築物の細胞における発現量を測定する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記平均値に対する増加率が10%~50%である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 請求項24~26のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って製造された、請求項1~23のいずれか一項に記載の核酸構築物。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202435900A (zh) | 2024-09-16 |
| IL322426A (en) | 2025-09-01 |
| EP4660306A1 (en) | 2025-12-10 |
| KR20250139361A (ko) | 2025-09-23 |
| AU2024215535A1 (en) | 2025-08-28 |
| JP2024175076A (ja) | 2024-12-17 |
| JPWO2024162360A1 (ja) | 2024-08-08 |
| JP7559289B1 (ja) | 2024-10-01 |
| CN120615124A (zh) | 2025-09-09 |
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