WO2024166485A1 - 熱延鋼板および電縫鋼管 - Google Patents
熱延鋼板および電縫鋼管 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024166485A1 WO2024166485A1 PCT/JP2023/041423 JP2023041423W WO2024166485A1 WO 2024166485 A1 WO2024166485 A1 WO 2024166485A1 JP 2023041423 W JP2023041423 W JP 2023041423W WO 2024166485 A1 WO2024166485 A1 WO 2024166485A1
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
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- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to electric resistance welded steel pipes and hot rolled steel sheets that are the raw materials for these pipes, which are suitable for building structures, line pipes, etc.
- Electric resistance welded steel pipes used in building structures and line pipes suffer a sudden drop in strength and break when buckling occurs when subjected to external forces such as earthquake forces. Therefore, it is desirable to suppress the occurrence of buckling in these electric resistance welded steel pipes.
- it is effective to suppress flattening of the steel pipe cross section, which is a precursor phenomenon to buckling.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a steel pipe in which the parent electric resistance welded steel pipe is heated and subjected to hot diameter reduction rolling to set the r-value in the longitudinal direction of the pipe to 1.0 or more, thereby suppressing buckling during bending.
- Patent Document 1 by increasing the r-value in the axial direction of the steel pipe, it is possible to promote the circumferential deformation of the pipe and reduce the change in wall thickness, thereby suppressing the flattening of the steel pipe cross section.
- this causes the diameter of the steel pipe cross section to shrink, resulting in necking and a reduced cross-sectional area, which reduces the strength of the structure.
- the present invention was made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide an electric resistance welded steel pipe with excellent flattening resistance, and a hot-rolled steel sheet to be used as the material for the pipe.
- excellent flattening resistance means that no cracks of 0.50 mm or more in length occur until the inner surfaces of flattened test pieces taken from an electric resistance welded steel pipe come into contact with each other in a flattening test, and the normalized load/normalized displacement calculated by formula (1) below is 100 MPa or more when the normalized displacement calculated by formula (2) is in the range of 0.20 to 0.30.
- the present invention has been completed based on the above findings, and provides the following [1] to [6].
- [1] In a C-type flattening test, a test piece made by bending a steel plate into a U-shape is clamped between two flat plates, A hot-rolled steel sheet in which no cracks having a length of 0.50 mm or more occur until the inner surfaces of the bent test pieces come into contact with each other in a tight contact state, and in which the normalized load/normalized displacement calculated by the following formula (1) is 100 MPa or more when the normalized displacement calculated by the following formula (2) is in the range of 0.20 to 0.30.
- the steel structure at the center of the plate thickness is The average grain size of the grains in the region surrounded by the high-angle grain boundaries is 15.0 ⁇ m or less,
- the crystal grains having a grain size equal to or smaller than the average crystal grain size account for 10% or more and 50% or less of the total crystal grains,
- the fine grain connectivity calculated by the following formula (3) is 0.05 or more and 0.50 or less, and bainite is 10% or more in volume fraction,
- the total volume fraction of ferrite and bainite is 80% or more,
- the balance is one or more selected from pearlite, martensite and austenite, the total of which is 20% or less by volume.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet according to [1] or [2].
- the electric resistance welded steel pipe is one in which no cracks having a length of 0.50 mm or more occur until the flattened test specimen reaches a tight contact state where the inner surfaces of the test specimen come into contact with each other, and in which the normalized load/normalized displacement calculated by the following formula (1) is 100 MPa or more when the normalized displacement calculated by the following formula (2) is in the range of 0.20 to 0.30.
- (Normalized load (MPa)) (P/L) x (r/t 2 ) x (1 - ((x 0 - x) / 2r) 2 ) 1/2 ...
- the steel structure at the center of the thickness of the base material portion is The average grain size of the grains in the region surrounded by the high-angle grain boundaries is 15.0 ⁇ m or less,
- the crystal grains having a grain size equal to or smaller than the average crystal grain size account for 10% or more and 50% or less of the total crystal grains,
- the fine grain connectivity calculated by the following formula (3) is 0.05 or more and 0.50 or less, and bainite is 10% or more in volume fraction,
- the total volume fraction of ferrite and bainite is 80% or more,
- the balance is one or more selected from pearlite, martensite and austenite, the total of which is 20% or less by volume.
- the electric welded steel pipe according to [4] or [5].
- the present invention makes it possible to provide electric resistance welded steel pipes with excellent flattening resistance, and hot rolled steel sheets used as the raw material for such pipes.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between standardized load and standardized displacement in a flattening test.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the sampling direction of a C-shaped flattened test piece of a hot-rolled steel sheet, observed from the side.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a flattening test of a C-shaped flattened test piece of a hot-rolled steel sheet. This is a side view of the flattening test of an electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of a circumferential cross section of an electric resistance welded portion of an electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that, in a C-type flattening test, no cracks having a length of 0.50 mm or more occur until the inner surfaces of the bent steel sheets come into contact with each other in a tight contact state, and the value of normalized load/normalized displacement in the normalized displacement range of 0.20 to 0.30 is 100 MPa or more.
- the electric-resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention is also characterized in that, in a flattening test, no cracks occur until the inner surfaces of flattened test pieces taken from the electric-resistance welded steel pipe come into contact with each other in a tight adhesion state, and the value of normalized load/normalized displacement in the normalized displacement range of 0.20 to 0.30 is 100 MPa or more.
- the normalized load and normalized displacement are calculated by the following equations (1) and (2), respectively.
- (Normalized load (MPa)) (P/L) x (r/t 2 ) x (1 - ((x 0 - x) / 2r) 2 ) 1/2 ...
- no cracks occur until the flattening test reaches a tight contact state refers to no cracks occurring until the inner surfaces of the flattened test pieces taken from the electric resistance welded steel pipe come into contact with each other
- the inner surfaces of the flattened test pieces taken from the electric resistance welded steel pipe come into contact with each other refers to, for example, when a flattening test is performed by applying a load from above and below the flattened test piece taken from the electric resistance welded steel pipe, the inner surfaces of the upper and lower parts of the flattened test piece taken from the electric resistance welded steel pipe come into contact with each other.
- the above-mentioned cracks refer to cracks of a size that can be confirmed visually.
- a size that can be confirmed visually is a length of 0.50 mm or more.
- the length of the crack there is no particular upper limit to the length of the crack, but since the crack is linear, it is preferable to target a length equal to or less than the length of the test piece in the tube axial direction. Also, the length refers to the longitudinal size of the crack.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the standardized load and the standardized displacement in the flattening test.
- the curve 1 showing the change in the standardized load with the standardized displacement shown in Figure 1, in the elastic region 2 until the test piece yields, as shown in Figure 1, the standardized load and the standardized displacement are in a proportional relationship.
- the slope of the curve becomes smaller, and the test proceeds while maintaining a constant slope.
- the test proceeds while the slope of the curve (standardized load / standardized displacement) shows a higher value than the slope (slope after entering the plastic region 3), and the test ends when cracks occur on the outer bent surface or when the inner surfaces of the test pieces come into contact with each other (the inner surfaces of the upper and lower parts come into contact) and come into close contact.
- the state of the test piece at the end of the test will be referred to as the cracked or adhered state 4.
- the (normalized load/normalized displacement) in the plastic region 3 is used as an index of flattening resistance.
- the (normalized load/normalized displacement) is set to 100 MPa or more, particularly in the range of 0.20 to 0.30 of the normalized displacement corresponding to the first half of the plastic region 3.
- the (normalized load/normalized displacement) is 120 MPa or more. More preferably, the (normalized load/normalized displacement) is 140 MPa or more. Even more preferably, the (normalized load/normalized displacement) is 150 MPa or more.
- the (normalized load/normalized displacement) value is 600 MPa or less. More preferably, the (normalized load/normalized displacement) is 550 MPa or less. Even more preferably, the (normalized load/normalized displacement) value is 500 MPa or less. Most preferably, the (normalized load/normalized displacement) is 450 MPa or less.
- the C-shaped flattening test is a test in which a steel plate is bent into a U-shape and the test piece is then clamped between two flat plates.
- FIG. 2(a) shows a diagram of the state of the taking direction of the C-type flattened test piece of the hot-rolled steel plate and the state after being made into a C-type flattened test piece observed from the side.
- the test piece before being made into a C-type flattened test piece is designated by the symbol 5A
- the C-type flattened test piece after being made into a C-type flattened test piece is designated by the symbol 5.
- the initial length and initial thickness do not change before and after being made into a C-type flattened test piece.
- the initial length 100 of the C-shaped flattened test piece (flattened test piece) 5 refers to the above-mentioned length of 50 mm
- the length direction of the C-shaped flattened test piece 5 is the rolling direction 102 of the hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the initial thickness of the C-shaped flattened test piece (flattened test piece) 5 is indicated by the symbol 101.
- FIG. 2(b) shows a diagram of a flattened test of a C-shaped flattened test piece of a hot-rolled steel sheet observed from the side.
- the C-shaped flattened test is a test method in which, as shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), a cut-out test piece 5A is bent into a U-shape to form a C-shaped flattened test piece 5, and the C-shaped flattened test piece 5 is sandwiched between two flat plates 6, and a load is applied in the compression direction 7 perpendicular to the flat plates 6, while testing the test piece until it reaches the above-mentioned state.
- the inner radius of the tip of the press fitting is 9 ⁇ t (mm).
- the flattening test is carried out by taking a test piece cut into a ring having a length of 100 mm in the axial direction from an electric resistance welded steel pipe including an electric resistance welded portion, from the axial direction of the pipe, according to the method described in JIS G 3441 (2021).
- the flattening test piece 8 is placed so that the line connecting the electric resistance welded portion 9 and the center 10 of the electric resistance welded steel pipe faces in a direction parallel to the compression direction 12, as shown in Figure 3.
- the initial radius of curvature r of the bent outer surface of the flattening test piece 8 is 1/2 the outer diameter of the electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the composition of the base material of the hot-rolled steel sheet and electric resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention is, in mass%, C: 0.020% or more and 0.200% or less, Si: 0.50% or less, Mn: 0.30% or more and 2.00% or less, P: 0.050% or less, S: 0.0200% or less, Al: 0.005% or more and 0.100% or less, N: 0.0100% or less; Or even more so: Nb: 0.080% or less, V: 0.080% or less, Ti: 0.080% or less, Cu: 0.50% or less, Ni: 0.50% or less, Cr: 0.50% or less, Mo: 0.50% or less, Ca: 0.0050% or less, B: 0.0050% or less, Mg: 0.020% or less, Zr: 0.020% or less, REM: 0.020% or less, Sn: 0.100% or less, one or more of the following are included; The balance preferably consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- C 0.020% or more and 0.200% or less C is an element that increases the strength of steel by solid solution strengthening.
- C improves the hardenability of steel, thereby increasing the proportion of fine grains, improving toughness, and contributing to suppressing the occurrence of cracks in a flattening test, and also contributes to increasing the resistance to flattening by increasing the connectivity of fine grains.
- the C content is preferably 0.200% or less.
- the C content is more preferably 0.180% or less.
- the C content is more preferably 0.170% or less, and most preferably 0.165% or less.
- Si 0.50% or less
- Si is an element that increases the strength of steel by solid solution strengthening. In order to obtain such an effect, it is preferable to contain 0.02% or more of Si.
- the Si content is more preferably 0.05% or more, and even more preferably 0.08% or more.
- the Si content is most preferably 0.10% or more.
- the Si content is preferably 0.50% or less.
- the Si content is more preferably 0.40% or less. Even more preferably 0.30% or less.
- the Si content is most preferably 0.28% or less.
- Mn 0.30% or more and 2.00% or less
- Mn is an element that increases the strength of steel by solid solution strengthening.
- Mn improves the hardenability of steel, thereby increasing the proportion of fine grains, improving toughness, and contributing to suppressing the occurrence of cracks in a flattening test, and also contributes to increasing the resistance to flattening by increasing the connectivity of fine grains.
- the Mn content is more preferably 0.40% or more, and even more preferably 0.50% or more.
- the Mn content is most preferably 0.60% or more.
- the Mn content is preferably 2.00% or less.
- the Mn content is more preferably 1.90% or less. Even more preferably 1.80% or less.
- the Mn content is most preferably not more than 1.75%.
- P 0.050% or less Since P segregates at grain boundaries and reduces toughness, it is preferable to reduce P as an inevitable impurity as much as possible, and the P content is preferably in the range of 0.050% or less.
- the P content is more preferably 0.040% or less, and further preferably 0.030% or less.
- the P content is most preferably 0.020% or less.
- P is 0.001% or more.
- S 0.0200% or less S is usually present in steel as MnS, but MnS is thinly drawn in the hot rolling process and has a negative effect on ductility and toughness. For this reason, in the present invention, it is preferable to reduce S as much as possible, and the S content is preferably 0.0200% or less.
- the S content is more preferably 0.0100% or less, and further preferably 0.0050% or less.
- the S content is most preferably 0.0030% or less.
- S is 0.0001% or more.
- Al 0.005% or more and 0.100% or less
- Al is an element that acts as a strong deoxidizer. In order to obtain such an effect, it is preferable to contain 0.005% or more of Al.
- the Al content is more preferably 0.010% or more, and even more preferably 0.015% or more.
- the Al content is most preferably 0.020% or more. However, if the Al content exceeds 0.100%, the weldability deteriorates, and the amount of alumina-based inclusions increases, resulting in deterioration of the surface properties. For this reason, the Al content is preferably 0.100% or less.
- the Al content is more preferably 0.080% or less. More preferably, it is 0.070% or less.
- the Al content is most preferably 0.065% or less.
- N is an inevitable impurity and an element that has the effect of reducing ductility and toughness by firmly fixing the movement of dislocations.
- the N content is 0.0100% or less.
- the N content is preferably 0.0080% or less.
- the N content is more preferably 0.0070% or less.
- the N content is further preferably 0.0065% or less.
- the N content is most preferably 0.0060% or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but since excessive reduction leads to an increase in refining costs, it is preferable to set it to 0.0010% or more.
- the electric resistance welded steel pipe and hot rolled steel sheet of the present invention may further contain one or more of Nb, V, Ti, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, Ca, B, Mg, Zr, REM, and Sn in addition to the above-mentioned composition.
- Nb 0.080% or less
- Nb is an element that contributes to improving the strength of steel by forming fine carbides and nitrides in the steel, and also contributes to refining the structure by suppressing the coarsening of austenite during hot rolling, and can be contained as necessary.
- Nb when Nb is contained, it is preferable to contain 0.002% or more of Nb. More preferably, the Nb content is 0.005% or more, and even more preferably, 0.010% or more. The Nb content is most preferably 0.012% or more. However, when the Nb content exceeds 0.080%, the ductility and toughness decrease. Therefore, when Nb is contained, the Nb content is 0.080% or less. More preferably, the Nb content is 0.070% or less. Even more preferably, the Nb content is 0.065% or less. The Nb content is most preferably 0.060% or less.
- V 0.080% or less
- V is an element that contributes to improving the strength of steel by forming fine carbides and nitrides in the steel, and can be contained as necessary.
- V when V is contained, it is preferable to contain 0.002% or more of V. More preferably, the V content is 0.005% or more, and even more preferably, 0.010% or more. The V content is most preferably 0.015% or more.
- the V content when the V content exceeds 0.080%, the ductility and toughness decrease. Therefore, when V is contained, the V content is 0.080% or less. More preferably, it is 0.070% or less. Even more preferably, it is 0.065% or less.
- the V content is most preferably 0.060% or less.
- Ti 0.080% or less
- Ti is an element that contributes to improving the strength of steel by forming fine carbides and nitrides in the steel, and also contributes to reducing the amount of solute N in the steel because of its high affinity with N, and can be contained as necessary.
- Cu 0.50% or less
- Ni 0.50% or less
- Cu and Ni are elements that increase the strength of steel by solid solution strengthening, and also increase the hardenability of steel and contribute to fine structure, and can be contained as necessary.
- the Cu content is preferably 0.01% or more. More preferably, it is 0.05% or more. Even more preferably, it is 0.10% or more.
- the Ni content is preferably 0.01% or more. More preferably, it is 0.05% or more. Even more preferably, it is 0.10% or more.
- excessive inclusion may cause a decrease in ductility and toughness.
- the Cu content is 0.50% or less.
- it is 0.40% or less. More preferably, it is 0.30% or less.
- the Ni content is set to 0.50% or less, preferably 0.40% or less, and more preferably 0.30% or less.
- Cr 0.50% or less
- Mo 0.50% or less Cr and Mo are elements that improve the hardenability of steel and contribute to refining the structure, and can be contained as necessary.
- the Cr content is preferably 0.01% or more. More preferably, it is 0.05% or more. Even more preferably, it is 0.10% or more.
- the Mo content is preferably 0.01% or more. More preferably, it is 0.05% or more. Even more preferably, it is 0.10% or more.
- excessive inclusion of Cr may lead to excessive formation of hard pearlite, martensite, and austenite.
- the Cr content is set to 0.50% or less.
- it is set to 0.40% or less. More preferably, it is set to 0.30% or less.
- Mo is contained, the Mo content is set to 0.50% or less.
- it is set to 0.40% or less. More preferably, it is set to 0.30% or less.
- Ca 0.0050% or less
- Ca is an element that contributes to improving the toughness of steel by spheroidizing sulfides such as MnS that are thinly drawn in the hot rolling process, and can be contained as necessary.
- the Ca content is most preferably 0.0015% or more.
- the Ca content exceeds 0.0050%, Ca oxide clusters are formed in the steel, and the toughness deteriorates. Therefore, when Ca is contained, the Ca content is 0.0050% or less.
- the Ca content is 0.0040% or less. More preferably, it is 0.0035% or less.
- the Ca content is even more preferably 0.0030% or less.
- B 0.0050% or less
- B is an element that contributes to the refinement of the structure by lowering the transformation start temperature, and can be contained as necessary.
- the B content is most preferably 0.0010% or more. However, if the B content exceeds 0.0050%, the ductility and toughness deteriorate. Therefore, when B is contained, the B content is 0.0050% or less. More preferably, it is 0.0040% or less. Even more preferably, it is 0.0030% or less.
- the B content is most preferably 0.0025% or less.
- Mg: 0.020% or less, Zr: 0.020% or less, REM: 0.020% or less Mg, Zr, and REM are elements that increase the strength of steel through grain refinement, and may be contained as necessary.
- the Mg content may be 0%, but when Mg is contained, the preferred lower limit is 0.0005% or more.
- the Mg content is more preferably 0.0008% or more.
- the Zr content may be 0%, but when Zr is contained, the preferred lower limit is 0.0005% or more.
- the Zr content is more preferably 0.0008% or more.
- the REM content may be 0%, but when REM is contained, the preferred lower limit is 0.0005% or more.
- the REM content is more preferably 0.0008% or more.
- Mg the Mg content is set to 0.020% or less.
- the Mg content is preferably 0.010% or less.
- Zr the Zr content is set to 0.020% or less.
- the Zr content is preferably 0.010% or less.
- REM the REM content is 0.020% or less.
- the REM content is preferably 0.010% or less.
- REM is a general term for 17 elements in total, including Sc, Y, and lanthanoid elements. One or more of these 17 elements can be contained in the steel, and the REM content means the total content of these elements.
- Sn 0.100% or less
- Sn is an element that suppresses decarburization caused by nitriding or oxidation of the steel sheet surface and suppresses the decrease in strength.
- the Sn content is more preferably 0.002% or more, and even more preferably 0.005% or more.
- the Sn content is preferably 0.100% or less.
- the Sn content is more preferably 0.070% or less.
- the Sn content is even more preferably 0.040% or less.
- the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- Inevitable impurities are impurities that are inevitably mixed in from the raw materials, manufacturing process, manufacturing equipment, etc., and are permitted to be included to the extent that they do not impair the object of the present invention.
- Examples of unavoidable impurities in the balance include As, Sb, Bi, Co, Pb, Zn, O, Ta, W, Te, Hf, Ge, Sr, and Cs.
- Examples of raw materials for steel plate include iron ore, reduced iron, and scrap.
- the steel structure at the center of thickness of the hot-rolled steel plate of the present invention and the center of thickness of the base material of the electric resistance welded steel pipe preferably has an average grain size of 15.0 ⁇ m or less for the grains in the region surrounded by high-angle grain boundaries, grains having a grain size less than the average grain size account for 10% to 50% of the total grains in terms of area ratio, the degree of fine grain connectivity calculated by the following formula (3) is 0.05 to 0.50, and bainite accounts for 10% or more by volume, the total of ferrite and bainite accounts for 80% or more by volume, and the remainder is preferably one or more types selected from pearlite, martensite, and austenite in total account for 20% or less by volume.
- the average grain size, the area ratio of grains with a grain size equal to or smaller than the average grain size, and the degree of fine grain connectivity are measured using the SEM/EBSD method.
- the measurement area is 500 ⁇ m ⁇ 500 ⁇ m
- the measurement step size is 0.5 ⁇ m
- the measured values of 5 or more fields are averaged.
- the crystal orientation analysis software OIM Analysis (trademark) is used to obtain the distribution of grain boundaries and grain size, with boundaries with an orientation difference of 15° or more being regarded as grain boundaries (high-angle grain boundaries).
- the average grain size is calculated as the diameter (equivalent circle diameter) of a circle with an area equal to the value obtained by dividing the total measured area by the number of grains.
- the degree of fine grain connectivity is calculated by calculating the total length of the high-angle grain boundaries in the area excluding grains with a grain size equal to or larger than the average grain size (i.e., only grains with a grain size smaller than the average grain size), and the total length of all high-angle grain boundaries, and then calculating the ratio of these.
- the high-angle grain boundaries in the region excluding grains with a grain size equal to or larger than the average grain size do not include high-angle grain boundaries between grains smaller than the average grain size and grains with a grain size equal to or larger than the average grain size. Note that when calculating the average grain size, the area ratio of grains with a grain size equal to or smaller than the average grain size, and the fine grain connectivity, grains with a grain size of 1.0 ⁇ m or less are excluded as measurement noise.
- the average grain size is preferably 15.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the average grain size is more preferably 12.0 ⁇ m or less. Even more preferably, it is 10.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the average grain size is most preferably 9.0 ⁇ m or less. Note that as the average grain size becomes smaller, ductility decreases and cracks are more likely to occur in the flattening test, so the average grain size is preferably 2.0 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it is 3.0 ⁇ m or more. Even more preferably, the average grain size is 3.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the above area ratio is preferably 10% or more.
- the above area ratio is more preferably 12% or more. Even more preferably, it is 15% or more.
- the above area ratio exceeds 50%, the degree of connectivity of fine grains increases, the ductility decreases, and cracks become more likely to occur in the flattening test. Therefore, the above area ratio is preferably 50% or less.
- the above area ratio is more preferably 45% or less. Even more preferably, it is 40% or less.
- the above area ratio is most preferably 35% or less.
- the degree of fine grain connectivity is preferably 0.05 or more. More preferably, it is 0.10 or more. The degree of fine grain connectivity is even more preferably 0.11 or more. The degree of fine grain connectivity is most preferably 0.12 or more.
- the degree of fine grain connectivity is preferably 0.50 or less. The degree of fine grain connectivity is more preferably 0.47 or less. Even more preferably, it is 0.40 or less. The degree of fine grain connectivity is most preferably 0.35 or less.
- Ferrite is a soft structure. Bainite is harder than ferrite and softer than pearlite, martensite, and austenite, so controlling the structure of bainite is important from the standpoint of strength, ductility, and toughness.
- the volume fraction of bainite is small, the proportion of soft ferrite increases, and strength decreases. In addition, the value of (normalized load/normalized displacement) may decrease. For this reason, it is preferable that the volume fraction of bainite is 10% or more. It is more preferable that the volume fraction of bainite is 12% or more. Even more preferable is 20% or more. It is most preferable that the volume fraction of bainite is 25% or more. There is no particular upper limit, but it is preferable that it is 75% or less because of the decrease in ductility.
- the total volume fraction of ferrite and bainite is preferably 80% or more. More preferably, it is 85% or more.
- the total volume fraction of ferrite and bainite is further preferably 88% or more.
- the total volume percentage of hard pearlite, martensite and austenite is preferably 20% or less.
- the total of hard pearlite, martensite and austenite is less than 1%, ductility decreases, so the total of ferrite and bainite is preferably 99% or less in volume fraction, more preferably 98% or less, and even more preferably 97% or less.
- austenite has austenite grain boundaries or deformation bands within austenite grains as nucleation sites.
- hot rolling by increasing the reduction at low temperatures where austenite recrystallization is difficult to occur, a large number of dislocations can be introduced into the austenite, refining the austenite, and introducing a large number of deformation bands within the grains. This increases the area of the nucleation sites, increasing the frequency of nucleation and making it possible to refine the steel structure.
- the observation of the steel structure can be performed by the method described below.
- test pieces for structure observation are taken so that the observation surface is the cross section parallel to both the rolling direction and the thickness direction and the center of the plate thickness of hot-rolled steel sheet, and the cross section parallel to both the axial direction and the thickness direction and the center of the plate thickness of electric resistance welded steel pipe, and then polished and etched with nital.
- an optical microscope magnification: 1000 times
- a scanning electron microscope SEM, magnification: 1000 times
- the area ratio of bainite and the remainder is obtained from the obtained optical microscope image and SEM image.
- the area ratio of each structure is calculated as the average value of the values obtained in five or more visual fields.
- the area ratio obtained by structure observation is the volume ratio of each structure. The judgment of whether or not it is each structure is performed according to the following contents.
- Ferrite is a product of diffusion transformation, and has a low dislocation density and a nearly restored structure. This includes polygonal ferrite and pseudo-polygonal ferrite. Areas where no cementite is observed with an optical microscope or SEM, and where the lath structure, which is the substructure, is not observed, are judged to be ferrite.
- Pearlite is a eutectoid structure of iron and iron carbide (ferrite + cementite), and has a lamellar structure in which linear ferrite and cementite are arranged alternately. The areas observed as above with an SEM are determined to be pearlite.
- Martensite is a lath-shaped low-temperature transformation structure with an extremely high dislocation density. In SEM images, it shows brighter contrast than ferrite and bainite.
- Austenite is an fcc phase, and the volume fraction of austenite is measured by X-ray diffraction using test pieces prepared in the same manner as the test pieces used to measure dislocation density.
- the volume fraction of austenite is calculated from the integrated intensities of the (200), (220), and (311) planes of fcc iron and the (200) and (211) planes of bcc iron.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention is manufactured, for example, by heating a steel material having the above-mentioned composition to a heating temperature of 1100°C to 1300°C, followed by hot rolling at an average cooling rate of 900°C to 1100°C, an average cooling rate of 0.5°C/s to 3.0°C/s, a finish rolling end temperature of 750°C to 850°C, and a total reduction in finish rolling of 45% to 75%, followed by cooling at an average cooling rate at the center of the sheet thickness from the finish rolling end temperature to the cooling stop temperature of 5°C/s to 40°C/s, a minimum cooling rate from the end of finish rolling to the stop of cooling of 2°C/s or more, a cooling end temperature of 400°C to 650°C, a continuous air-cooling time from the end of finish rolling to the stop of cooling of 15 s or less, and a total air-cooling time of 50 s or less, followed by winding into a coil.
- the electric resistance welded steel pipe of the present invention is manufactured by forming the hot rolled steel sheet into a cylindrical shape by cold rolling and then electric resistance welding.
- the temperature indicated in “°C” refers to the surface temperature of the steel material or steel plate (hot-rolled plate) unless otherwise specified. These surface temperatures can be measured with a radiation thermometer or similar. The temperature at the center of the steel plate thickness can be found by calculating the temperature distribution in the cross section of the steel plate using heat transfer analysis, and correcting the result by the surface temperature of the steel plate. Additionally, “hot-rolled steel plate” includes hot-rolled plate and hot-rolled steel strip.
- the method of melting the steel material is not particularly limited, and any of the known melting methods such as converter, electric furnace, and vacuum melting furnace are suitable.
- the casting method is also not particularly limited, and the desired dimensions are produced by known casting methods such as continuous casting. Note that there is no problem in applying the ingot casting-blooming rolling method instead of the continuous casting method.
- the molten steel may further be subjected to secondary refining such as ladle refining.
- the resulting steel material (steel slab) is then heated, hot rolled, cooled, and then wound into a coil to produce hot-rolled steel sheet.
- the heating temperature is preferably 1100°C or higher. More preferably, it is 1120°C or higher. Even more preferably, it is 1130°C or higher. Most preferably, it is 1150°C or higher.
- the heating temperature in the hot rolling process is preferably 1300°C or lower. More preferably, it is 1280°C or lower. Even more preferably, it is 1270°C or lower. Most preferably, it is 1250°C or lower.
- the present invention can also be used to easily apply energy-saving direct rolling processes in which the slab is not cooled to room temperature, but is instead loaded into the heating furnace while still hot, or is immediately rolled after a short period of heat retention.
- the average cooling rate from 900°C to 1100°C is small, the austenite will coarsen and the average grain size of the final product will become large. For this reason, it is preferable that the average cooling rate from 900°C to 1100°C is 0.5°C/s or more. More preferably, it is 0.8°C/s or more. Even more preferably, it is 0.9°C/s or more. Most preferably, it is 1.0°C/s or more. On the other hand, if the average cooling rate is large, the recrystallization of austenite will be insufficient, coarse austenite will remain, and the final product will have a steel structure with a mixture of coarse grains.
- the average cooling rate from 900°C to 1100°C is 3.0°C/s or less. More preferably, it is 2.5°C/s or less. Even more preferably, it is 2.4°C/s or less. Most preferably, it is 2.2°C/s or less.
- the finish rolling end temperature be 750°C or higher. More preferably, it is 770°C or higher. Even more preferably, it is 780°C or higher.
- the finish rolling end temperature be 850°C or lower. More preferably, it is 830°C or lower. Even more preferably, it is 820°C or lower.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is 45% or more.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is more preferably 50% or more.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is even more preferably 52% or more.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is most preferably 54% or more.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is preferably 75% or less. More preferably, it is 70% or less.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is even more preferably 68% or less.
- the total reduction in the finish rolling is most preferably 66% or less.
- the total reduction in the above-mentioned finish rolling refers to the sum of the reduction in each rolling pass in the finish rolling.
- the finished plate thickness is preferably 5 mm or more.
- the finished plate thickness is more preferably 6 mm or more. Even more preferably 7 mm or more.
- the finished plate thickness is preferably 40 mm or less.
- the finished plate thickness is more preferably 35 mm or less. Even more preferably 30 mm or less.
- the hot-rolled sheet After hot rolling, the hot-rolled sheet is cooled.
- the average cooling rate at the center of the plate thickness from the finish rolling end temperature to the cooling stop temperature is low, the structure will become coarse and the average crystal grain size of the final product will become large.
- the bainite fraction will also decrease. Therefore, it is preferable that the average cooling rate be 5°C/s or more. More preferably, it is 10°C/s or more. Even more preferably, it is 12°C/s or more. Most preferably, it is 15°C/s or more.
- the average cooling rate at the center of the plate thickness is high, the martensite fraction will increase and ductility will decrease. Therefore, it is preferable that the average cooling rate be 40°C/s or less. More preferably, it is 35°C/s or less. Even more preferably, it is 33°C/s or less. Most preferably, it is 30°C/s or less.
- the minimum cooling rate is preferably 2°C/s or more. More preferably, it is 3°C/s or more. Even more preferably, it is 4°C/s or more. Most preferably, it is 5°C/s or more. There is no particular upper limit, but the minimum cooling rate is preferably 15°C/s or less. More preferably, it is 12°C/s or less. Even more preferably, it is 10°C/s or less. Most preferably, it is 8°C/s or less.
- the minimum cooling rate is calculated by dividing the time from the end of finish rolling to the stop of cooling into sections of 3 seconds each, calculating the average cooling rate in each section, and taking the minimum value of these.
- the continuous air-cooling time is preferably 15 seconds or less. More preferably, it is 14 seconds or less. Even more preferably, it is 12 seconds or less. Most preferably, it is 11 seconds or less.
- the continuous air-cooling time is preferably 6 seconds or more. More preferably, it is 7 seconds or more. Even more preferably, it is 8 seconds or more. Between the end of finish rolling and the stop of cooling, cooling is performed using air cooling and water cooling.
- the total air-cooling time is preferably 50 seconds or less. More preferably, it is 45 seconds or less. Even more preferably, it is 40 seconds or less. Most preferably, it is 38 seconds or less.
- the total air-cooling time is preferably 10 seconds or more. More preferably, it is 12 seconds or more. Even more preferably, it is 15 seconds or more.
- the cooling stop temperature be 400°C or higher. More preferably, it is 420°C or higher. Even more preferably, it is 450°C or higher. Most preferably, it is 470°C or higher.
- the cooling stop temperature be 650°C or lower. More preferably, it is 620°C or lower. Even more preferably, it is 600°C or lower. Most preferably, it is 580°C or lower.
- the width in the circumferential direction of the molten solidified portion of the welded portion is 1 ⁇ m or more throughout the entire thickness of the pipe. It is also preferable that the width in the circumferential direction of the molten solidified portion of the welded portion (electric resistance welded portion) is 1000 ⁇ m or less throughout the entire thickness of the pipe.
- the outer diameter of the electric welded steel pipe is preferably 80 mm or more.
- the outer diameter is preferably 800 mm or less.
- the wall thickness of the electric welded steel pipe is preferably 3 mm or more.
- the wall thickness is preferably 40 mm or less.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the circumferential cross section of an electric resistance welded part of an electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the molten solidified part 15 can be visually recognized as a region having a different structure form and contrast from the base material part 13 and the heat-affected part 14 in Figure 4, as shown in the schematic diagram of the cross section after corrosion in Figure 4.
- the molten solidified part 15 of an electric resistance welded steel pipe of carbon steel and low alloy steel can be identified as a region observed as white under an optical microscope in the cross section corroded with nital.
- the molten solidified part 15 of a UOE steel pipe of carbon steel and low alloy steel can be identified as a region containing a cellular or dendritic solidified structure under an optical microscope in the cross section corroded with nital.
- Molten steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was produced into a slab (steel material).
- the resulting slab was subjected to the hot rolling process and cooling process under the conditions shown in Table 2, and then to the coiling process to produce a hot-rolled steel sheet with the finished thickness (mm) shown in Table 2.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was rolled into a cylindrical round steel pipe, and the butt joints were electric resistance welded.
- the round steel pipe was then reduced in diameter using rolls placed above, below, left and right of the pipe, to obtain an electric resistance welded steel pipe with the outer diameter (mm) and wall thickness (mm) shown in Table 4.
- Test pieces were taken from the obtained hot-rolled steel plate and electric resistance welded steel pipe shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively, and the following C-type flattening tests, flattening tests, average crystal grain size measurements, area ratio measurements of crystal grains with grain sizes smaller than the average crystal grain size, fine grain connectivity measurements, and structure observations were performed.
- the various test pieces were taken from the center of the plate thickness in the width direction for the hot-rolled steel plate, and from the center of the plate thickness of the base material part 90° away from the electric resistance weld in the circumferential direction of the pipe for the electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- C-type flattening test In the C-type flattening test, a plate material (test piece) having a total thickness of 50 ⁇ t (t: plate thickness) and a length of 100 mm was taken from the hot-rolled steel plate so that the longitudinal direction of the test piece was the plate width direction of the hot-rolled steel plate, and then this was made into a C-type test piece by the press-bending method described in JIS Z 2248 (2006), and then it was carried out by the method described in JIS G 3441 (2021). In the press-bending, the inner radius of the tip of the press fitting was 9 ⁇ t.
- the flattening test was performed by taking a test piece cut into a ring having a length of 100 mm from an electric resistance welded steel pipe including an electric resistance welded portion in the axial direction of the pipe, and performing the flattening test according to the method described in JIS G 3441 (2021). The test specimen was placed so that the welded portion faced the compression direction, as shown in Figure 3. The initial radius of curvature r of the bent outer surface of the flattened test specimen was set to 1/2 the outer diameter of the electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the average grain size was measured by cutting the test piece so that the measurement surface was parallel to both the rolling direction and the plate thickness direction of the hot-rolled steel plate, and parallel to both the pipe axis direction and the wall thickness direction of the electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the cross-sections were taken from each specimen, mirror-polished, and then measured using the SEM/EBSD method.
- the grain size was determined by finding the orientation difference between adjacent grains, and the boundaries with an orientation difference of 15° or more were counted.
- the area surrounded by a crystal grain boundary with a misorientation of 15° or more was measured as one crystal grain.
- the arithmetic average of the grain size was calculated from the obtained crystal grain boundaries and used as the average crystal grain size.
- the accelerating voltage was The measurement was performed at 15 kV, in a measurement area of 500 ⁇ m ⁇ 500 ⁇ m, with a measurement step size of 0.5 ⁇ m, and the measured values of five or more fields of view were averaged.
- the crystal orientation analysis software OIM Analysis (trademark) was used to The boundaries with an orientation difference of 15° or more were regarded as crystal grain boundaries (high-angle grain boundaries), and the distribution of grain boundaries and grain sizes was obtained.
- the grain size and the average grain size were calculated as the diameter of a circle having an area equal to the total area measured divided by the number of grains (equivalent circle diameter). Crystal grains with a diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m or less were excluded as measurement noise.
- the area ratio was calculated from the average crystal grain size and the grain size distribution obtained above. For each crystal grain with a grain size equal to or smaller than the average crystal grain size, the area was calculated from its circle-equivalent diameter, the total area of the crystal grains with a grain size equal to or smaller than the average crystal grain size was calculated, and the total area was divided by the area of the measurement region. In calculating the area ratio of the crystal grains with a grain size equal to or smaller than the average crystal grain size, crystal grains with a grain size of 1.0 ⁇ m or less were excluded as measurement noise.
- the fine grain connectivity was calculated by calculating the total length of high-angle boundaries in the region excluding grains having a grain size equal to or larger than the average grain size, and the total length of high-angle boundaries in all grains, and then calculating the ratio between them.
- the total length of high-angle boundaries in grains having a grain size smaller than the average grain size which is written in the numerator on the right side of the above formula (3), does not include the length of high-angle boundaries between grains having a grain size smaller than the average grain size and grains having a grain size equal to or larger than the average grain size.
- crystal grains having a crystal grain size of 1.0 ⁇ m or less were excluded as measurement noise.
- the test pieces for microstructure observation were taken so that the observation surface was a cross section parallel to both the rolling direction and the plate thickness direction of the hot-rolled steel sheet, and a cross section parallel to both the pipe axis direction and the wall thickness direction of the electric resistance welded steel pipe, respectively, and were mirror-polished and then etched with nital.
- the microstructure observation was performed using an optical microscope (magnification: 1000 times) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM, magnification: 1000 times) to observe and image the structure at the plate thickness center position of the hot-rolled steel sheet and the wall thickness center position of the electric resistance welded steel pipe.
- the SEM observation was performed at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV.
- the area ratio of bainite and the remainder was obtained.
- the area ratio of each structure was calculated as the average value of the values obtained in each field of view by observing five or more fields of view.
- the area ratio obtained by the microstructure observation was taken as the volume ratio of each structure.
- the austenite volume fraction was measured by X-ray diffraction.
- the test pieces for measuring the center of thickness of the hot-rolled steel plate and the center of thickness of the electric resistance welded steel pipe were prepared by grinding so that the diffraction surface was at the center of thickness of the hot-rolled steel plate and the center of thickness of the electric resistance welded steel pipe, respectively, and then chemically polishing to remove the surface treatment layer.
- Mo K ⁇ rays were used for the measurement, and the austenite volume fraction was calculated from the integrated intensity of the (200), (220), and (311) planes of fcc iron and the (200) and (211) planes of bcc iron.
- hot-rolled steel sheets and electric-resistance welded steel pipes No. 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11 to 24 are examples of the present invention
- hot-rolled steel sheets and electric-resistance welded steel pipes No. 2, 3, 5, 7, and 10 are comparative examples.
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Abstract
Description
電縫鋼管の座屈を抑制するためには、座屈の前駆現象である鋼管断面のへん平化の抑制が有効である。
(規格化荷重(MPa))=(P/L)×(r/t2)×(1-((x0-x)/2r)2)1/2・・・(1)
(規格化変位)=(x0-x)/2r・・・(2)
ここで、
P:荷重(N)
L:へん平試験片の管軸方向の初期長さ(mm)
r:へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径(mm)
t:へん平試験片の初期板厚(mm)
x0:2枚の平板間の初期の距離(mm)
x:2枚の平板間の距離(mm)
[1] 1枚の鋼板をU字型に曲げ加工した試験片が2枚の平板に挟圧されて実施される
C形へん平試験において、
前記曲げ加工した試験片の内側の面同士が接触する密着状態まで長さが0.50mm以上である割れが発生せず、かつ
下記(2)式で求められる規格化変位が0.20~0.30の範囲において、下記(1)式で求められる規格化荷重/前記規格化変位が100MPa以上である熱延鋼板。
(規格化荷重(MPa))=(P/L)×(r/t2)×(1-((x0-x)/2r)2)1/2・・・(1)
(規格化変位)=(x0-x)/2r・・・(2)
ここで、
P:荷重(N)
L:へん平試験片の初期長さ(mm)
r:へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径(mm)
t:へん平試験片の初期板厚(mm)
x0:2枚の平板間の初期の距離(mm)
x:2枚の平板間の距離(mm)
[2] 成分組成は、質量%で、
C:0.020%以上0.200%以下、
Si:0.50%以下、
Mn:0.30%以上2.00%以下、
P:0.050%以下、
S:0.0200%以下、
Al:0.005%以上0.100%以下、
N:0.0100%以下を含有し、
あるいはさらに、
Nb:0.080%以下、
V:0.080%以下、
Ti:0.080%以下、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:0.50%以下、
Mo:0.50%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
B:0.0050%以下、
Mg:0.020%以下、
Zr:0.020%以下、
REM:0.020%以下、
Sn:0.100%以下のうちから1種または2種以上を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる
[1]に記載の熱延鋼板。
[3] 板厚中央における鋼組織は、
大角粒界で囲まれた領域である結晶粒の平均結晶粒径が15.0μm以下であり、
前記平均結晶粒径以下の粒径を有する結晶粒が全結晶粒に対して面積率で10%以上50%以下であり、
下記(3)式で求められる微細粒連結度が0.05以上0.50以下であり、かつ
ベイナイトが体積率で10%以上であり、
フェライトとベイナイトの合計が体積率で80%以上であり、
残部はパーライト、マルテンサイトおよびオーステナイトのうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上の合計が体積率で20%以下である、
[1]または[2]に記載の熱延鋼板。
(微細粒連結度)=(平均結晶粒径未満の粒径を有する結晶粒における大角粒界の総長さ)/(大角粒界の総長さ)・・・(3)
ただし、(3)式の右辺の分子には、平均結晶粒径未満の結晶粒と平均結晶粒径以上の結晶粒の間の大角粒界の長さは含まれない。
[4] 母材部と電縫溶接部を有する電縫鋼管であって、
電縫鋼管から採取したへん平試験片が2枚の平板に挟圧されて実施されるへん平試験において、
前記へん平試験片の内面同士が接触する密着状態まで長さが0.50mm以上である割れが発生せず、かつ
下記(2)式で求められる規格化変位が0.20~0.30の範囲において、下記(1)式で求められる規格化荷重/前記規格化変位が100MPa以上である電縫鋼管。
(規格化荷重(MPa))=(P/L)×(r/t2)×(1-((x0-x)/2r)2)1/2・・・(1)
(規格化変位)=(x0-x)/2r・・・(2)
ここで、
P:荷重(N)
L:へん平試験片の管軸方向の初期長さ(mm)
r:へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径(mm)
t:へん平試験片の初期板厚(mm)
x0:2枚の平板間の初期の距離(mm)
x:2枚の平板間の距離(mm)
[5] 前記母材部の成分組成は、質量%で、
C:0.020%以上0.200%以下、
Si:0.50%以下、
Mn:0.30%以上2.00%以下、
P:0.050%以下、
S:0.0200%以下、
Al:0.005%以上0.100%以下、
N:0.0100%以下、を含有し、
あるいはさらに、
Nb:0.080%以下、
V:0.080%以下、
Ti:0.080%以下、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:0.50%以下、
Mo:0.50%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
B:0.0050%以下、
Mg:0.020%以下、
Zr:0.020%以下、
REM:0.020%以下、
Sn:0.100%以下のうちから1種または2種以上を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる
[4]に記載の電縫鋼管。
[6] 前記母材部の肉厚中央における鋼組織は、
大角粒界で囲まれた領域である結晶粒の平均結晶粒径が15.0μm以下であり、
前記平均結晶粒径以下の粒径を有する結晶粒が全結晶粒に対して面積率で10%以上50%以下であり、
下記(3)式で求められる微細粒連結度が0.05以上0.50以下であり、かつ
ベイナイトが体積率で10%以上であり、
フェライトとベイナイトの合計が体積率で80%以上であり、
残部はパーライト、マルテンサイトおよびオーステナイトのうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上の合計が体積率で20%以下である、
[4]または[5]に記載の電縫鋼管。
(微細粒連結度)=(平均結晶粒径未満の粒径を有する結晶粒における大角粒界の総長さ)/(大角粒界の総長さ)・・・(3)
ただし、(3)式の右辺の分子には、平均結晶粒径未満の結晶粒と平均結晶粒径以上の結晶粒の間の大角粒界の長さは含まれない。
また、本発明の電縫鋼管は、へん平試験において、電縫鋼管から採取したへん平試験片の内面同士が接触する密着状態まで割れが発生せず、規格化変位が0.20~0.30の範囲における規格化荷重/規格化変位の値が100MPa以上であることを特徴とする。
ただし、前記の規格化荷重および規格化変位は、それぞれ(1)式および(2)式で求められる。
(規格化荷重(MPa))=(P/L)×(r/t2)×(1-((x0-x)/2r)2)1/2・・・(1)
(規格化変位)=(x0-x)/2r・・・(2)
ここで、
P:荷重(N)
L:へん平試験片の初期長さ(mm)
r:へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径(mm)
t:へん平試験片の初期板厚(mm)
x0:2枚の平板間の初期の距離(mm)
x:2枚の平板間の距離(mm)
また、規格化変位が0.20~0.30の範囲における規格化荷重/規格化変位の値は、((規格化変位が0.30のときの規格化荷重)-(規格化変位が0.20のときの規格化荷重))/(0.30-0.20)により求められる。
ただし同一の素材であっても、試験片の寸法や形状によって前記荷重および変位が変化するため、非特許文献1に記載のように(1)式および(2)式により、荷重および変位をそれぞれ規格化する。
r=10×t・・・(4)
へん平試験は、電縫溶接部を含む電縫鋼管から管軸方向の長さ100mmの輪切りにした試験片を管軸方向から採取し、JIS G 3441(2021)に記載の方法により実施する。ただし、へん平試験片8は図3のように、電縫溶接部9と電縫鋼管の中心10を結んだ線が圧縮方向12と平行な方向を向くように置く。へん平試験片8の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径rは、電縫鋼管の外径の1/2とする。
C:0.020%以上0.200%以下、
Si:0.50%以下、
Mn:0.30%以上2.00%以下、
P:0.050%以下、
S:0.0200%以下、
Al:0.005%以上0.100%以下、
N:0.0100%以下を含有し、
あるいはさらに、
Nb:0.080%以下、
V:0.080%以下、
Ti:0.080%以下、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:0.50%以下、
Mo:0.50%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
B:0.0050%以下、
Mg:0.020%以下、
Zr:0.020%以下、
REM:0.020%以下、
Sn:0.100%以下のうちから1種または2種以上を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなることが好ましい。
Cは固溶強化により鋼の強度を上昇させる元素である。また、Cは鋼の焼入れ性を向上させることで、微細粒の割合を高くして、靭性を向上させて、へん平試験における割れの発生の抑制に寄与するとともに、微細粒の連結度を高くすることで、へん平化に対する抵抗を大きくすることにも寄与する元素である。このような効果を得るためには、0.020%以上のCを含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは、C含有量は0.025%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.030%以上である。もっとも好ましくは、C含有量は0.035%以上である。しかしながら、C含有量が0.200%を超えると、硬質なパーライト、マルテンサイト、オーステナイトが過剰に生成し、延性が低下し、C形へん平試験やへん平試験において密着状態となる前に割れが発生しやすくなる。そのため、C含有量は0.200%以下が好ましい。C含有量は、より好ましくは0.180%以下である。更に好ましくは0.170%以下である。もっとも好ましくは、C含有量は0.165%以下である。
Siは固溶強化により鋼の強度を上昇させる元素である。このような効果を得るためには、0.02%以上のSiを含有することが好ましい。Si含有量は、より好ましくは0.05%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.08%以上である。Si含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.10%以上である。しかし、Si含有量が0.50%を超えると、延性が低下し、へん平試験において密着状態となる前に割れが発生しやすくなる。そのため、Si含有量は0.50%以下とすることが好ましい。Si含有量は、より好ましくは0.40%以下である。更に好ましくは0.30%以下である。Si含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.28%以下である。
Mnは固溶強化により鋼の強度を上昇させる元素である。また、Mnは鋼の焼入れ性を向上させることで、微細粒の割合を高くして、靭性を向上させて、へん平試験における割れの発生の抑制に寄与するとともに、微細粒の連結度を高くすることで、へん平化に対する抵抗を大きくすることにも寄与する元素である。このような効果を得るためには、0.30%以上のMnを含有することが好ましい。Mn含有量は、より好ましくは0.40%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.50%以上である。Mn含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.60%以上である。しかしながら、Mn含有量が2.00%を超えると、硬質なパーライト、マルテンサイト、オーステナイトが過剰に生成し、延性が低下し、へん平試験において密着状態となる前に割れが発生しやすくなる。そのため、Mn含有量は2.00%以下とすることが好ましい。Mn含有量は、より好ましくは1.90%以下である。更に好ましくは1.80%以下である。Mn含有量は、もっとも好ましくは1.75%以下である。
Pは、粒界に偏析し靭性を低下させるため、不可避的不純物としてできるだけ低減することが好ましく、P含有量は0.050%以下の範囲内とすることが好ましい。P含有量は、より好ましくは0.040%以下であり、更に好ましくは0.030%以下である。P含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.020%以下である。なお、特にPの下限は規定しないが、過度の低減は製錬コストの高騰を招くため、Pは0.001%以上とすることが好ましい。
Sは、鋼中では通常、MnSとして存在するが、MnSは、熱間圧延工程で薄く延伸され、延性および靭性に悪影響を及ぼす。このため、本発明ではSをできるだけ低減することが好ましく、S含有量は0.0200%以下とすることが好ましい。S含有量は、より好ましくは0.0100%以下であり、更に好ましくは0.0050%以下である。S含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.0030%以下である。なお、特にSの下限は規定しないが、過度の低減は製錬コストの高騰を招くため、Sは0.0001%以上とすることが好ましい。
Alは、強力な脱酸剤として作用する元素である。このような効果を得るためには、0.005%以上のAlを含有することが好ましい。Al含有量は、より好ましくは0.010%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.015%以上である。Al含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.020%以上である。しかし、Al含有量が0.100%を超えると溶接性が悪化するとともに、アルミナ系介在物が多くなり、表面性状が悪化する。このため、Al含有量は0.100%以下とすることが好ましい。Al含有量は、より好ましくは0.080%以下である。更に好ましくは0.070%以下である。Al含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.065%以下である。
Nは、不可避的不純物であり、転位の運動を強固に固着することで延性および靭性を低下させる作用を有する元素である。本発明では、Nは不純物としてできるだけ低減することが望ましいが、Nの含有量は0.0100%までは許容できる。このため、N含有量は0.0100%以下とする。N含有量は、好ましくは0.0080%以下である。N含有量は、より好ましくは0.0070%以下である。N含有量は、更に好ましくは0.0065%以下である。N含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.0060%以下である。下限は特に限定されるものではないが、過度の低減は精錬コストの上昇を招くため、0.0010%以上とすることが好ましい。
Nbは、鋼中で微細な炭化物、窒化物を形成することで鋼の強度向上に寄与し、また、熱間圧延中のオーステナイトの粗大化を抑制することで組織の微細化にも寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有できる。上記した効果を得るため、Nbを含有する場合は、0.002%以上のNbを含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Nb含有量は0.005%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.010%以上である。Nb含有量はもっとも好ましくは0.012%以上である。しかし、Nb含有量が0.080%を超えると延性および靱性が低下する。このため、Nbを含有する場合は、Nb含有量は0.080%以下とする。より好ましくは、Nb含有量は0.070%以下である。更に好ましくは0.065%以下である。Nb含有量はもっとも好ましくは0.060%以下である。
Vは、鋼中で微細な炭化物、窒化物を形成することで鋼の強度向上に寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有できる。上記した効果を得るため、Vを含有する場合は、0.002%以上のVを含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは、V含有量は0.005%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.010%以上である。V含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.015%以上である。しかし、V含有量が0.080%を超えると延性および靱性が低下する。このため、Vを含有する場合は、V含有量は0.080%以下とする。より好ましくは0.070%以下である。更に好ましくは0.065%以下である。V含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.060%以下である。
Tiは、鋼中で微細な炭化物、窒化物を形成することで鋼の強度向上に寄与する元素であり、また、Nとの親和性が高いため鋼中の固溶Nの低減にも寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有できる。上記した効果を得るため、Tiを含有する場合は、0.002%以上のTiを含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Ti含有量は0.005%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.010%以上である。Ti含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.012%以上である。しかし、Ti含有量が0.080%を超えると延性および靱性が低下する。このため、Tiを含有する場合は、Ti含有量は0.080%以下とする。より好ましくは、Ti含有量は0.070%以下である。更に好ましくは0.065%以下である。Ti含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.060%以下である。
Cu、Niは、固溶強化により鋼の強度を上昇させる元素であり、また、鋼の焼入れ性を高め、組織の微細化にも寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有することができる。上記した効果を得るため、Cuを含有する場合には、Cu含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.05%以上である。更に好ましくは0.10%以上である。上記効果を得るため、Niを含有する場合には、Ni含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.05%以上である。更に好ましくは0.10%以上である。一方、過度の含有は、延性および靱性の低下を招く恐れがある。また、硬質なパーライト、マルテンサイト、オーステナイトの過剰な生成を招く恐れがある。よって、Cuを含有する場合には、Cu含有量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.40%以下である。より好ましくは0.30%以下である。また、Niを含有する場合には、Ni含有量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.40%以下である。より好ましくは0.30%以下である。
Cr、Moは、鋼の焼入れ性を高め、組織の微細化に寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有することができる。上記した効果を得るため、Crを含有する場合には、Cr含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.05%以上である。更に好ましくは0.10%以上である。また、上記効果を得るため、Moを含有する場合には、Mo含有量は0.01%以上とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.05%以上である。更に好ましくは0.10%以上である。
一方、過度の含有は、硬質なパーライト、マルテンサイト、オーステナイトの過剰な生成を招く恐れがある。よって、Crを含有する場合には、Cr含有量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.40%以下である。より好ましくは0.30%以下である。また、Moを含有する場合には、Mo含有量は0.50%以下とする。好ましくは0.40%以下である。より好ましくは0.30%以下である。
Caは、熱間圧延工程で薄く延伸されるMnS等の硫化物を球状化することで鋼の靱性向上に寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有できる。上記した効果を得るため、Caを含有する場合は、0.0005%以上のCaを含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは、Ca含有量は0.0008%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.0010%以上である。Ca含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.0015%以上である。しかし、Ca含有量が0.0050%を超えると鋼中にCa酸化物クラスターが形成され、靱性が悪化する。このため、Caを含有する場合は、Ca含有量は0.0050%以下とする。好ましくは、Ca含有量は0.0040%以下である。より好ましくは0.0035%以下である。Ca含有量は、さらに好ましくは0.0030%以下である。
Bは、変態開始温度を低下させることで組織の微細化に寄与する元素であり、必要に応じて含有できる。上記した効果を得るため、Bを含有する場合は、0.0002%以上のBを含有することが好ましい。より好ましくは、B含有量は0.0005%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.0008%以上である。B含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.0010%以上である。しかし、B含有量が0.0050%を超えると延性および靱性が悪化する。このため、Bを含有する場合は、B含有量は0.0050%以下とする。より好ましくは0.0040%以下である。更に好ましくは0.0030%以下である。B含有量は、もっとも好ましくは0.0025%以下である。
Mg、Zr、およびREMは、結晶粒微細化を通じて鋼の強度を上昇させる元素であり、必要に応じて含有することができる。Mg含有量は0%でもよいが、Mgを含有する場合には、好ましい下限は、Mg含有量は0.0005%以上である。Mg含有量は、より好ましくは0.0008%以上である。Zr含有量は0%でもよいが、Zrを含有する場合には、好ましい下限は、Zr含有量は0.0005%以上である。Zr含有量は、より好ましくは0.0008%以上である。REM含有量は0%でもよいが、REMを含有する場合には、好ましい下限は、REM含有量は0.0005%以上である。REM含有量は、より好ましくは0.0008%以上である。一方、過度の含有は、降伏比の上昇、および相当塑性ひずみ分布の対数標準偏差の増加を招く恐れがある。よって、Mgを含有する場合には、Mg含有量は0.020%以下とする。Mg含有量は、好ましくは0.010%以下である。Zrを含有する場合には、Zr含有量は0.020%以下とする。Zr含有量は、好ましくは0.010%以下である。REMを含有する場合には、REM含有量は0.020%以下である。REM含有量は、好ましくは0.010%以下である。なお、ここで、REMはSc、Y、およびランタノイド元素の合計17元素の総称である。これらの17元素のうちの1種以上を鋼に含有させることができ、REM含有量は、これらの元素の合計含有量を意味する。
Snは、鋼板表面の窒化または酸化によって生じる脱炭を抑制し、強度の低下を抑制する元素である。上記した効果を得るためには、0.001%以上のSnを含有することが好ましい。Sn含有量は、より好ましくは0.002%以上であり、更に好ましくは0.005%以上である。しかし過度に含有すると、鋼の延性および靭性が低下する。そのため、Snの含有量は0.100%以下とすることが好ましい。Sn含有量は、より好ましくは0.070%以下である。Sn含有量は、更に好ましくは0.040%以下である。
ただし、(3)式の右辺の分子には、平均結晶粒径未満の結晶粒と平均結晶粒径以上の結晶粒の間の大角粒界の長さは含まれない。
また、上記の理由から硬質なパーライト、マルテンサイトおよびオーステナイトの合計は体積率で20%以下であることが好ましい。
一方、硬質なパーライト、マルテンサイトおよびオーステナイトの合計が1%未満になると延性が低下するため、フェライトとベイナイトの合計は体積率で、99%以下であることが好ましい。より好ましくは98%以下である。さらに好ましくは97%以下である。
C形へん平試験は、熱延鋼板から全厚、幅50×t(t:板厚)、長さ100mmの板材(試験片)を試験片の長手方向が熱延鋼板の板幅方向になるように採取し、次いで、JIS Z 2248(2006)に記載の押曲げ方法によりこれをC形試験片とした後、JIS G 3441(2021)に記載の方法により実施した。押曲げにおいては、押金具の先端部の内側半径を9×tとした。へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径rは、(4)式のように、押曲げにおける押金具の先端部の内側半径に板厚を加えることにより求めた。
r=10×t・・・(4)
密着状態で曲げ外面に長さが0.50mm以上の亀裂が生じていた場合は割れ有り、曲げ外面に亀裂が生じていなかった場合は割れ無しとした。
へん平試験は、電縫溶接部を含む電縫鋼管から長さ100mmの輪切りにした試験片を管軸方向から採取し、JIS G 3441(2021)に記載の方法により実施した。
ただし、試験片は図3のように、溶接部が圧縮方向を向くように置いた。へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径rは、電縫鋼管の外径の1/2とした。密着状態で管の外面に長さが0.50mm以上の亀裂が生じていた場合は割れ有り、管の外面に亀裂が生じていなかった場合は割れ無しとした。
平均結晶粒径は、測定用の試験片を、測定面が熱延鋼板の圧延方向および板厚方向の両方に平行な断面、並びに電縫鋼管の管軸方向および肉厚方向の両方に平行な断面となるようにそれぞれ採取し、鏡面研磨した後、SEM/EBSD法を用いて測定した。結晶粒径は、隣接する結晶粒の間の方位差を求め、方位差が15°以上の境界を結晶粒界として、方位差が15°以上で囲まれた領域を1結晶粒として測定した。得られた結晶粒界から粒径の算術平均を求めて、平均結晶粒径とした。加速電圧は15kV、測定領域は500μm×500μm、測定ステップサイズは0.5μmとし、5視野以上の測定値を平均した。得られたEBSDデータをもとに、結晶方位解析ソフトOIM Analysis(商標)を用いて、方位差が15°以上の境界を結晶粒界(大角粒界)として、粒界および粒径の分布を得た。粒径および平均結晶粒径は、測定した全面積を結晶粒数で除した値と等しい面積の円の直径(円相当径)として求めた。なお、平均結晶粒径の算出においては、結晶粒径が1.0μm以下の結晶粒は測定ノイズとして除外した。
前記により得られた平均結晶粒径および粒径分布から求めた。平均結晶粒径以下の各結晶粒について、その円相当径から面積を算出し、平均結晶粒径以下の結晶粒の面積の合計を算出し、それを測定領域の面積で除して求めた。なお、平均結晶粒径以下の粒径を有する結晶粒の面積率の算出においては、結晶粒径が1.0μm以下の結晶粒は測定ノイズとして除外した。
微細粒連結度は、平均結晶粒径以上の粒径を有する結晶粒を除いた領域における大角粒界の総長さ、および全結晶粒の大角粒界の総長さをそれぞれ算出し、これらの比として求めた。ただし、上述している(3)式の右辺の分子に記載の平均結晶粒径未満の粒径を有する結晶粒における大角粒界の総長さには、平均結晶粒径未満の結晶粒と平均結晶粒径以上の結晶粒の間の大角粒界の長さは含まれない。
なお、微細粒連結度の算出においては、結晶粒径が1.0μm以下の結晶粒は測定ノイズとして除外した。
組織観察用の試験片は、観察面が熱延鋼板の圧延方向および板厚方向の両方に平行な断面、並びに電縫鋼管の管軸方向および肉厚方向の両方に平行な断面となるようにそれぞれ採取し、鏡面研磨した後、ナイタールで腐食して作製した。組織観察は、光学顕微鏡(倍率:1000倍)または走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM、倍率:1000倍)を用いて、熱延鋼板の板厚中央位置、並びに電縫鋼管の肉厚中央位置における組織を観察し、撮像した。SEMの観察は、加速電圧15kVで実施した。得られた光学顕微鏡像およびSEM像から、ベイナイトおよび残部(フェライト、パーライト、マルテンサイト、オーステナイト)の面積率を求めた。各組織の面積率は、5視野以上で観察を行い、各視野で得られた値の平均値として算出した。ここでは、組織観察により得られた面積率を、各組織の体積率とした。
2 弾性域
3 塑性域
4 割れまたは密着状態
5A 試験片
5 C形へん平試験片(へん平試験片)
6 平板
7 圧縮方向
8 へん平試験片
9 電縫溶接部
10 電縫鋼管の中心
11 平板
12 圧縮方向
13 母材部
14 熱影響部
15 溶融凝固部
100 試験片の初期長さL
101 試験片の初期板厚t
102 熱延鋼板の圧延方向
Claims (6)
- 1枚の鋼板をU字型に曲げ加工した試験片が2枚の平板に挟圧されて実施されるC形へん平試験において、
前記曲げ加工した試験片の内側の面同士が接触する密着状態まで長さが0.50mm以上である割れが発生せず、かつ
下記(2)式で求められる規格化変位が0.20~0.30の範囲において、下記(1)式で求められる規格化荷重/前記規格化変位が100MPa以上である熱延鋼板。
(規格化荷重(MPa))=(P/L)×(r/t2)×(1-((x0-x)/2r)2)1/2・・・(1)
(規格化変位)=(x0-x)/2r・・・(2)
ここで、
P:荷重(N)
L:へん平試験片の初期長さ(mm)
r:へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径(mm)
t:へん平試験片の初期板厚(mm)
x0:2枚の平板間の初期の距離(mm)
x:2枚の平板間の距離(mm) - 成分組成は、質量%で、
C:0.020%以上0.200%以下、
Si:0.50%以下、
Mn:0.30%以上2.00%以下、
P:0.050%以下、
S:0.0200%以下、
Al:0.005%以上0.100%以下、
N:0.0100%以下を含有し、
あるいはさらに、
Nb:0.080%以下、
V:0.080%以下、
Ti:0.080%以下、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:0.50%以下、
Mo:0.50%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
B:0.0050%以下、
Mg:0.020%以下、
Zr:0.020%以下、
REM:0.020%以下、
Sn:0.100%以下のうちから1種または2種以上を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる
請求項1に記載の熱延鋼板。 - 板厚中央における鋼組織は、
大角粒界で囲まれた領域である結晶粒の平均結晶粒径が15.0μm以下であり、
前記平均結晶粒径以下の粒径を有する結晶粒が全結晶粒に対して面積率で10%以上50%以下であり、
下記(3)式で求められる微細粒連結度が0.05以上0.50以下であり、かつ
ベイナイトが体積率で10%以上であり、
フェライトとベイナイトの合計が体積率で80%以上であり、
残部はパーライト、マルテンサイトおよびオーステナイトのうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上の合計が体積率で20%以下である、
請求項1または2に記載の熱延鋼板。
(微細粒連結度)=(平均結晶粒径未満の粒径を有する結晶粒における大角粒界の総長さ)/(大角粒界の総長さ)・・・(3)
ただし、(3)式の右辺の分子には、平均結晶粒径未満の結晶粒と平均結晶粒径以上の結晶粒の間の大角粒界の長さは含まれない。 - 母材部と電縫溶接部を有する電縫鋼管であって、
電縫鋼管から採取したへん平試験片が2枚の平板に挟圧されて実施されるへん平試験において、
前記へん平試験片の内面同士が接触する密着状態まで長さが0.50mm以上である割れが発生せず、かつ
下記(2)式で求められる規格化変位が0.20~0.30の範囲において、下記(1)式で求められる規格化荷重/前記規格化変位が100MPa以上である電縫鋼管。
(規格化荷重(MPa))=(P/L)×(r/t2)×(1-((x0-x)/2r)2)1/2・・・(1)
(規格化変位)=(x0-x)/2r・・・(2)
ここで、
P:荷重(N)
L:へん平試験片の管軸方向の初期長さ(mm)
r:へん平試験片の曲げ外面の初期曲率半径(mm)
t:へん平試験片の初期板厚(mm)
x0:2枚の平板間の初期の距離(mm)
x:2枚の平板間の距離(mm) - 前記母材部の成分組成は、質量%で、
C:0.020%以上0.200%以下、
Si:0.50%以下、
Mn:0.30%以上2.00%以下、
P:0.050%以下、
S:0.0200%以下、
Al:0.005%以上0.100%以下、
N:0.0100%以下、を含有し、
あるいはさらに、
Nb:0.080%以下、
V:0.080%以下、
Ti:0.080%以下、
Cu:0.50%以下、
Ni:0.50%以下、
Cr:0.50%以下、
Mo:0.50%以下、
Ca:0.0050%以下、
B:0.0050%以下、
Mg:0.020%以下、
Zr:0.020%以下、
REM:0.020%以下、
Sn:0.100%以下のうちから1種または2種以上を含み、
残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなる
請求項4に記載の電縫鋼管。 - 前記母材部の肉厚中央における鋼組織は、
大角粒界で囲まれた領域である結晶粒の平均結晶粒径が15.0μm以下であり、
前記平均結晶粒径以下の粒径を有する結晶粒が全結晶粒に対して面積率で10%以上50%以下であり、
下記(3)式で求められる微細粒連結度が0.05以上0.50以下であり、かつ
ベイナイトが体積率で10%以上であり、
フェライトとベイナイトの合計が体積率で80%以上であり、
残部はパーライト、マルテンサイトおよびオーステナイトのうちから選ばれた1種または2種以上の合計が体積率で20%以下である、
請求項4または5に記載の電縫鋼管。
(微細粒連結度)=(平均結晶粒径未満の粒径を有する結晶粒における大角粒界の総長さ)/(大角粒界の総長さ)・・・(3)
ただし、(3)式の右辺の分子には、平均結晶粒径未満の結晶粒と平均結晶粒径以上の結晶粒の間の大角粒界の長さは含まれない。
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| CN202380092570.5A CN120603972A (zh) | 2023-02-09 | 2023-11-17 | 热轧钢板和电阻焊钢管 |
| KR1020257025938A KR20250132542A (ko) | 2023-02-09 | 2023-11-17 | 열연 강판 및 전봉 강관 |
| EP23921306.9A EP4632097A4 (en) | 2023-02-09 | 2023-11-17 | HOT-ROLL-ROLL STEEL SHEET AND ELECTRICALLY RESISTANCE-WELDED STEEL PIPE |
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| JP2008208417A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Jfe Steel Kk | 熱処理用電縫溶接鋼管およびその製造方法 |
| JP2018506642A (ja) * | 2014-12-24 | 2018-03-08 | ポスコPosco | 熱処理鋼材、耐久性に優れた超高強度成形品及びその製造方法 |
| WO2021085036A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 電縫鋼管およびその製造方法ならびにラインパイプおよび建築構造物 |
| JP6954504B1 (ja) | 2020-03-18 | 2021-10-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 電縫鋼管、その製造方法および自動車用構造部材 |
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| EP2392682B1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2019-09-11 | JFE Steel Corporation | Thick high-tensile-strength hot-rolled steel sheet with excellent low-temperature toughness and process for production of same |
| WO2016023383A1 (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-02-18 | 燕山大学 | 低温高强塑积高锰钢及高锰钢板和高锰钢管的工艺 |
| JP7081727B1 (ja) * | 2020-10-05 | 2022-06-07 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 電縫鋼管およびその製造方法 |
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| JP2008208417A (ja) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-09-11 | Jfe Steel Kk | 熱処理用電縫溶接鋼管およびその製造方法 |
| JP2018506642A (ja) * | 2014-12-24 | 2018-03-08 | ポスコPosco | 熱処理鋼材、耐久性に優れた超高強度成形品及びその製造方法 |
| WO2021085036A1 (ja) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 電縫鋼管およびその製造方法ならびにラインパイプおよび建築構造物 |
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| See also references of EP4632097A1 |
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| KR20250132542A (ko) | 2025-09-04 |
| EP4632097A1 (en) | 2025-10-15 |
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