WO2024178535A1 - 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024178535A1
WO2024178535A1 PCT/CN2023/078412 CN2023078412W WO2024178535A1 WO 2024178535 A1 WO2024178535 A1 WO 2024178535A1 CN 2023078412 W CN2023078412 W CN 2023078412W WO 2024178535 A1 WO2024178535 A1 WO 2024178535A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode assembly
elastic layer
assembly according
substrate
diaphragm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/078412
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙婧轩
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP23924516.0A priority Critical patent/EP4553929A4/en
Priority to JP2025512820A priority patent/JP2025528471A/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2023/078412 priority patent/WO2024178535A1/zh
Priority to KR1020257006330A priority patent/KR20250036936A/ko
Priority to CN202380056851.5A priority patent/CN119678266A/zh
Publication of WO2024178535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024178535A1/zh
Priority to US19/185,971 priority patent/US20250246695A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66—Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665—Composites
    • H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/457—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H01M50/491—Porosity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to an electrode assembly, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device.
  • a battery cell includes a casing and an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly is disposed in the casing.
  • metal such as lithium, sodium and potassium
  • the volume change rate of the electrode assembly is large, and the casing is subjected to great stress when the electrode assembly expands, which can easily cause the battery cell to explode, affect the service life of the battery cell, and reduce the safety of the battery cell.
  • the present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • one purpose of the present application is to propose an electrode assembly, the elastic layer of which can be compressed during the charging process of the battery, so as to absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly, reduce the stress on the outer shell of the battery cell, reduce the risk of battery cell explosion, and improve the service life and safety of the battery cell.
  • the present application further proposes a battery.
  • the present application further proposes an electrical device.
  • an electrode assembly comprising:
  • a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode collector are stacked along a first direction, at least one of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode collector comprises a substrate assembly, the substrate assembly comprises a substrate layer and an elastic layer, and the substrate layer and the corresponding elastic layer are stacked along the first direction.
  • the elastic layer can be compressed during the charging process of the battery, which can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly.
  • the elastic layer can absorb the expansion force of the electrode assembly, reduce the stress on the outer shell of the battery cell, reduce the risk of battery cell explosion, and improve the service life and safety of the battery cell.
  • At least one side of the substrate layer is provided with an elastic layer.
  • an elastic layer is provided on at least one side of the substrate layer.
  • the elastic layer can be located between the positive electrode sheet and the substrate layer.
  • the elastic layer can be compressed.
  • the elastic layer can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly.
  • the substrate assembly comprises a plurality of substrate layers, wherein the plurality of substrate layers are stacked along a first direction, and at least two adjacent substrate layers are stacked along a first direction.
  • An elastic layer is disposed between the substrate layers.
  • an elastic layer is provided between two adjacent substrate layers.
  • a layer of metal ions such as sodium ions
  • the elastic layer is compressed under the action of the expansion force.
  • the elastic layer can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly.
  • the elastic layer is connected to an adjacent substrate layer.
  • the elastic layer is connected to the substrate layer, so that the elastic layer and the substrate layer can be fixedly assembled, reducing the risk of misalignment between the elastic layer and the substrate layer, and making the elastic layer reliably assembled between the substrate layer and the positive electrode sheet.
  • the elastic layer is compressed in the first direction under the action of the expansion force, ensuring that the elastic layer can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly.
  • the elastic layer is bonded to the adjacent substrate layer.
  • the elastic layer is bonded and fixed to the adjacent substrate layer, so that the elastic layer and the substrate layer can be reliably fixed, reducing the risk of separation of the elastic layer and the substrate layer, and also reducing the risk of misalignment of the elastic layer and the substrate layer.
  • the bonding and fixing of the elastic layer and the substrate layer can simplify the assembly process of the elastic layer and the substrate layer, and can improve the assembly efficiency of the elastic layer and the substrate layer.
  • the substrate layer has a first side surface
  • the elastic layer has a second side surface
  • the first side surface abuts against the corresponding second side surface
  • the first side surface of the substrate layer is in contact with the second side surface of the elastic layer.
  • the metal ions such as sodium ions
  • the expansion force can be transmitted to the elastic layer, and the elastic layer can be compressed.
  • the elastic layer can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly.
  • the first side surface and the second side surface are both configured as planes.
  • the first side surface and the second side surface can be made smoother, and after the elastic layer and the substrate layer are assembled, the contact area between the first side surface and the second side surface can be increased, so that the first side surface and the second side surface can be reliably contacted, and during the charging process of the battery cell, after metal ions (such as sodium ions) are deposited on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the elastic layer can be evenly stressed, the elastic layer can be compressed more evenly, and the risk of stress concentration on the elastic layer can be reduced.
  • metal ions such as sodium ions
  • an orthographic projection of the substrate layer is located within an orthographic projection of the elastic layer.
  • the orthographic projection of the substrate layer is located within the orthographic projection of the elastic layer.
  • the elastic layer can be compressed, and the expansion force can be transmitted to the elastic layer.
  • the elastic layer can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly.
  • the outer surface of the negative electrode current collector has a negative electrode active material layer.
  • a negative electrode sheet can be formed, and the battery cell can have a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the elastic layer is a high molecular polymer.
  • the temperature resistance, bonding strength and corrosion resistance of the elastic layer can be improved, and the performance of the battery cell can be improved.
  • the thickness of the substrate layer accounts for 5%-80% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly, and the thickness of the elastic layer accounts for 20%-95% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly.
  • the space occupied by the elastic layer in the initial uncompressed state can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of affecting the space of the electrode assembly and losing energy density.
  • the space occupied by the elastic layer can be ensured, the compressible space of the elastic layer can be increased, and the expansion of the electrode assembly can be effectively absorbed.
  • the initial thickness of the elastic layer is D1
  • the thickness of the elastic layer after being compressed is D2, satisfying the relationship: 0.1 ⁇ 1-D2/D1 ⁇ 0.95.
  • the elastic layer can have sufficient compression capacity, and the elastic layer can be compressed and deformed as the electrode assembly expands and absorb the expansion of the electrode assembly, while reducing processing problems caused by deformation and rebound of the electrode assembly during production due to excessive compressibility.
  • the elastic layer has a weight-reducing structure.
  • a weight-reducing structure is provided on the elastic layer, which can reduce the weight of the elastic layer, reduce the weight of the electrode assembly, and thus reduce the weight of the battery cell, which is conducive to realizing a lightweight design of the battery cell.
  • the weight-reducing structure is a weight-reducing hole and/or a weight-reducing groove.
  • the structure of the weight-reducing structure can be simplified, which makes it easier to set the weight-reducing structure on the elastic layer and simplifies the elastic layer structure.
  • the electrode assembly further includes: a separator, which is disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode collector to separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode collector.
  • the separator can separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode collector, avoid short circuit caused by contact between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode collector, and improve the safety of battery cells.
  • the diaphragm in the thickness direction of the diaphragm, has a positive end and a negative end, the positive end is arranged close to the positive electrode sheet, and the negative end is arranged close to the negative electrode current collector.
  • the positive end is provided with multiple first openings
  • the negative end is provided with multiple second openings, and the aperture of the first opening is larger than the aperture of the second opening.
  • the use of the separator of the present application can solve the problem of battery capacity loss and safety caused by volume expansion of the negative electrode collector during battery cycling.
  • the pore size of the first opening is 20 nm-1000 ⁇ m, preferably 50 nm-500 ⁇ m.
  • the density of the negative electrode of the separator can be improved while the liquid retention effect can be improved, thereby solving the problem of battery capacity loss and safety caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector during battery cycling.
  • the pore size of the second opening is 20 nm-500 ⁇ m, preferably 50 nm-100 ⁇ m.
  • the density of the negative electrode of the separator can be improved while the liquid retention effect can be improved, thereby solving the problem of battery capacity loss and safety caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector during battery cycling.
  • the pore sizes of the openings in the separator increase sequentially from the negative end to the positive end.
  • the concentration gradient of metal ion diffusion during battery charging can be adjusted so that the metal ions are uniformly deposited on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, thereby reducing the generation of metal dendrites and the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector.
  • a capillary structure is provided in the diaphragm along its height direction, and one end of the capillary structure is flush with the lowest end of the diaphragm.
  • the electrolyte at the bottom of the battery cell can be siphoned into the diaphragm by utilizing the siphon effect of the capillary, thereby timely replenishing the insufficient electrolyte in the diaphragm height direction.
  • the length H1 of the capillary structure is ⁇ 70% H2, where H2 is the height of the membrane.
  • the compression modulus of the membrane is 5%-95%.
  • the bulging of the battery cell caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector can be reduced, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.
  • the membrane is a spongy basement membrane.
  • the liquid retention effect can be improved and the capacity loss of battery cells can be reduced.
  • the membrane includes a spongy basement membrane and a coating, the coating being formed on at least one side of the spongy basement membrane, and the capillary structure being disposed in the spongy basement membrane.
  • the liquid retention effect and strength of the diaphragm can be improved, and the capacity loss and safety problems of the battery cells caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode collector during the battery cycle can be solved.
  • the sponge base membrane includes at least one of glass fiber, nanofiber, polyethylene, polypropylene, and non-woven fabric.
  • the liquid retention effect can be improved and the capacity loss of the battery cell can be reduced.
  • the coating is formed on one side of the sponge basement membrane, the second opening is provided on the coating, and the first opening is provided at an end of the sponge basement membrane away from the coating.
  • the liquid retention effect and strength of the diaphragm can be improved, and the problem of battery cell capacity loss and safety caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode collector during the battery cell cycle can be solved.
  • the coating is formed on both sides of the sponge basement membrane, the second opening is provided on the coating at the negative end, and the first opening is provided on the coating at the positive end.
  • the liquid retention effect and strength of the diaphragm can be improved, and the problem of battery cell capacity loss and safety caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode collector during the battery cell cycle can be solved.
  • the diaphragm includes a first isolation film, a middle isolation film, and a second isolation film stacked along a thickness direction thereof, the first opening is provided on the first isolation film, and the second opening is provided on the second isolation film.
  • the pore size of the middle isolation membrane is larger than the pore size of the first opening or the pore size of the second opening; and/or the porosity of the middle isolation membrane is larger than the porosity in the first isolation membrane or the second isolation membrane.
  • the liquid retention effect of the diaphragm can be improved and the capacity loss of the battery cell can be reduced.
  • the first isolation film, the middle isolation film, and the second isolation film satisfy at least one of the following conditions:
  • the porosity of the first isolation film is 30%-70%
  • the pore size of the middle isolation membrane is 30nm-1 ⁇ m
  • the porosity of the middle isolation membrane is 40%-90%
  • the porosity of the second isolation film is 30%-70%.
  • the liquid retention effect of the diaphragm can be improved and the capacity loss of the battery cell can be reduced.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery cell comprising the above-mentioned electrode assembly.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, comprising the above-mentioned battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the above-mentioned battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode assembly according to some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a substrate assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a substrate assembly according to some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode current collector provided with a negative electrode active material layer on its outer surface according to some embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm structure according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • the battery cell may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, etc., and the present application embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the battery cell may be cylindrical, Flat body, rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes, etc., the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.
  • Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, which are not limited to this in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells or multiple battery modules. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes a shell, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the shell is used to contain the electrode assembly and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly is composed of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • the battery cell mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector.
  • the positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the positive electrode collector coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode collector not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as a positive electrode ear.
  • the material of the positive electrode collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector, or the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the negative electrode current collector coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc. In order to ensure that a large current passes without melting, the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the separator may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may be a winding structure or a stacked structure, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • metal such as lithium, sodium and potassium
  • the volume change rate of the electrode assembly is large, and when the electrode assembly expands, the outer shell of the battery cell is subjected to great stress, which can easily cause the battery cell to explode, affecting the service life of the battery cell and reducing the safety of the battery cell.
  • the inventors have designed an electrode assembly after in-depth research.
  • the electrode assembly is provided with an elastic layer.
  • the elastic layer can be compressed, which can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly.
  • the elastic layer can absorb the expansion force of the electrode assembly, reduce the stress on the outer shell of the battery cell, reduce the risk of battery cell explosion, and improve the service life and safety of the battery cell.
  • the battery disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft.
  • a power supply system comprising the battery thermal management system disclosed in the present application and batteries etc. can be used to form the electrical device, which is conducive to improving the application scope of the battery thermal management system and reducing the difficulty of assembling the battery thermal management system.
  • the present application embodiment provides an electrical device using a battery as a power source
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • Electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spacecraft, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 300 is arranged inside the vehicle, and the battery 300 can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle.
  • the battery 300 can be used to power the vehicle, for example, the battery 300 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle.
  • the vehicle may also include a controller 401 and a motor 402, and the controller 401 is used to control the battery 300 to power the motor 402, for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle during driving.
  • the battery 300 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.
  • the battery 300 includes a box body 301 and a plurality of battery cells 200, and the battery cells 200 are used to be accommodated in the box body 301.
  • the box body 301 is used to provide an assembly space for the battery cells 200, and the box body 301 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box body 301 may include a first box body 302 and a second box body 303, and the first box body 302 and the second box body 303 cover each other, and the first box body 302 and the second box body 303 jointly define an assembly space for accommodating the battery cells 200.
  • the second box body 303 may be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box body 302 may be a plate-like structure, and the first box body 302 covers the open side of the second box body 303, so that the first box body 302 and the second box body 303 jointly define an assembly space; the first box body 302 and the second box body 303 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box body 302 covers the open side of the second box body 303.
  • the box body 301 formed by the first box body 302 and the second box body 303 may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • multiple battery cells 200 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection.
  • a mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 200 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • Multiple battery cells 200 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by multiple battery cells 200 is accommodated in the box 301; of course, the battery 300 can also be a battery 300 module formed by multiple battery cells 200 connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and multiple battery 300 modules are then connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 301.
  • the battery 300 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 300 may also include a converging component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 200.
  • the electrode assembly 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8 .
  • the present application provides an electrode assembly 100, which includes: a positive electrode sheet 10 and a negative electrode current collector 20, the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 are stacked along a first direction, at least one of the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 includes a substrate assembly 30, the substrate assembly 30 has a substrate layer 31 and an elastic layer 32, and the substrate layer 31 and the corresponding elastic layer 32 are stacked along the first direction.
  • the elastic layer 32 is a metal part
  • the battery cell 200 includes a shell 201 and an electrode assembly 100
  • the electrode assembly 100 is installed in the shell 201
  • the outer surface of the negative current collector 20 can be coated with a negative active material layer 40, when the outer surface of the negative current collector 20 is coated with the negative active material layer 40, the negative current collector 20 and the negative active material layer 40 constitute a negative electrode sheet, or the outer surface of the negative current collector 20 can also be uncoated with the negative active material layer 40, when the outer surface of the negative current collector 20 is uncoated with the negative active material layer 40
  • the battery cell 200 is a battery cell 200 without a negative electrode.
  • the electrode assembly 100 can be a winding structure or a laminated structure, and this application takes the electrode assembly 100 as a laminated structure as an example for description.
  • the first direction refers to the X direction shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5
  • the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 are stacked and arranged along the first direction, and both the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 can be multiple, and the multiple positive electrode sheets 10 are arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the negative electrode current collector 20 is arranged between any two adjacent positive electrode sheets 10, and the multiple positive electrode sheets 10 and the multiple negative electrode current collectors 20 are stacked along the first direction.
  • At least one of the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 includes the substrate assembly 30, which can also be understood as that the positive electrode sheet 10 or the negative electrode current collector 20 includes the substrate assembly 30, or the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 both include the substrate assembly 30, and the present application is described by taking the negative electrode current collector 20 including the substrate assembly 30 as an example.
  • the substrate assembly 30 has a substrate layer 31 and an elastic layer 32, and the substrate layer 31 and the corresponding elastic layer 32 are stacked along the first direction.
  • at least one negative electrode current collector 20 includes a substrate assembly 30. This application is described by taking each negative electrode current collector 20 as an example including a substrate assembly 30.
  • the substrate layer 31 and the elastic layer 32 of each negative electrode current collector 20 are stacked along the first direction.
  • the elastic layer 32 is elastic. When the elastic layer 32 is subjected to a squeezing force, the thickness of the elastic layer 32 becomes smaller. When the elastic layer 32 is subjected to a squeezing force and becomes smaller, the thickness of the elastic layer 32 increases due to the elasticity of the elastic layer 32, and has a tendency to recover to its original state.
  • metal ions such as sodium ions
  • the elastic layer 32 is compressed, so that there is enough space in the outer shell 201 of the battery cell 200 for the electrode assembly 100 to expand.
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb the expansion force of the electrode assembly 100, reduce the force on the outer shell 201 of the battery cell 200, reduce the risk of explosion of the battery cell 200, and improve the service life and safety of the battery cell 200.
  • the risk of bridge breaking of the battery cell 200 can also be reduced, and the working performance of the battery cell 200 can be improved.
  • the elastic layer 32 can be compressed during the charging process of the battery 300, and can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb the expansion force of the electrode assembly 100, reduce the stress on the outer shell 201 of the battery cell 200, reduce the risk of explosion of the battery cell 200, and improve the service life and safety of the battery cell 200.
  • the risk of bridge breaking of the battery cell 200 can also be reduced, and the working performance of the battery cell 200 can be improved.
  • an elastic layer 32 is disposed on at least one side of the substrate layer 31 along the first direction.
  • the substrate layer 31 has a first side and a second side opposite to each other.
  • An elastic layer 32 is provided on the first side of the substrate layer 31, or only the second side of the substrate layer 31 is provided with the elastic layer 32, or both the first side and the second side of the substrate layer 31 are provided with elastic layers 32. In this case, the substrate layer 31 is sandwiched between the two elastic layers 32.
  • the present application takes the example of providing the elastic layer 32 on one of the first side and the second side of the substrate layer 31.
  • an elastic layer 32 is provided on at least one side of the substrate layer 31.
  • the elastic layer 32 can be located between the positive electrode sheet 10 and the substrate layer 31.
  • metal ions such as sodium ions
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the substrate assembly 30 has a plurality of substrate layers 31 , the plurality of substrate layers 31 are stacked along a first direction, and an elastic layer 32 is disposed between at least two adjacent substrate layers 31 .
  • each substrate component 30 may include a plurality of substrate layers 31, and the plurality of substrate layers 31 are stacked along a first direction, and an elastic layer 32 is disposed between at least two adjacent substrate layers 31.
  • each substrate component 30 includes two substrate layers 31, and an elastic layer 32 is disposed between the two substrate layers 31.
  • the elastic layer 32 is sandwiched between the two substrate layers 31.
  • an elastic layer 32 is provided between two adjacent substrate layers 31.
  • a metal ion (e.g., sodium ion) layer is deposited on the surface of the substrate layer 31 away from the elastic layer 32. After the metal ions are deposited on the surface of the substrate layer 31, the elastic layer 32 is compressed under the action of the expansion force.
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the elastic layer 32 is connected to the adjacent substrate layer 31 .
  • the elastic layer 32 is connected to the adjacent substrate layer 31.
  • the adjacent elastic layer 32 and substrate layer 31 of each substrate assembly 30 are connected, and the connection method of the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 is not specifically limited, as long as the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 can be connected, for example: the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 can be connected by snapping, or the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 can be fixedly connected by fasteners.
  • the elastic layer 32 is connected to the substrate layer 31, so that the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 can be fixedly assembled, reducing the risk of misalignment between the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31, so that the elastic layer 32 can be reliably assembled between the substrate layer 31 and the positive electrode sheet 10.
  • the elastic layer 32 is compressed in the first direction under the action of the expansion force, so that the elastic layer 32 can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the elastic layer 32 is bonded and fixed to the adjacent substrate layer 31 .
  • the elastic layer 32 may be bonded and fixed to the adjacent substrate layer 31 by means of a structural adhesive. It should be noted that the adjacent elastic layer 32 and substrate layer 31 of each substrate assembly 30 are bonded and fixed.
  • the elastic layer 32 is bonded and fixed to the adjacent base layer 31, so that the elastic layer 32 and the adjacent base layer 31 can be bonded and fixed.
  • the substrate layer 31 is reliably fixed, which reduces the risk of separation of the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 , and also reduces the risk of misalignment of the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 .
  • the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 are bonded and fixed, which can simplify the assembly process of the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 , and can improve the assembly efficiency of the elastic layer 32 and the substrate layer 31 .
  • the substrate layer 31 has a first side surface 311
  • the elastic layer 32 has a second side surface 321
  • the first side surface 311 abuts against the corresponding second side surface 321 .
  • the side surface of the substrate layer 31 opposite to the elastic layer 32 is the first side surface 311, and the side surface of the elastic layer 32 opposite to the substrate layer 31 is the second side surface 321.
  • the first side surface 311 abuts against the corresponding second side surface 321.
  • the elastic layer 32 is provided on one side of the substrate layer 31, the side surface of the substrate layer 31 opposite to the elastic layer 32 is the first side surface 311, and the side surface of the elastic layer 32 opposite to the substrate layer 31 is the second side surface 321.
  • the substrate layer 31 has a first side surface 311, and the elastic layer 32 has a second side surface 321.
  • the elastic layer 32 is sandwiched between two adjacent substrate layers 31, and the side surface of each substrate layer 31 opposite to the elastic layer 32 is a first side surface 311.
  • Each substrate layer 31 has a first side surface 311, and the side surfaces of the elastic layer 32 opposite to the two adjacent substrate layers 31 are second side surfaces 321.
  • the elastic layer 32 has two second side surfaces 321.
  • the two second side surfaces 321 of the elastic layer 32 are respectively arranged opposite to the first side surfaces 311 of the two substrate layers 31, and the second side surface 321 abuts against the opposite first side surface 311.
  • the first side surface 311 of the substrate layer 31 is in contact with the second side surface 321 of the elastic layer 32.
  • the expansion force can be transmitted to the elastic layer 32, and the elastic layer 32 can be compressed.
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the first side surface 311 and the second side surface 321 are both configured as planes.
  • the first side surface 311 and the second side surface 321 are both configured as planes. After the elastic layer 32 and the base material layer 31 are assembled, the elastic layer 32 and the base material layer 31 are in surface contact with each other.
  • the first side surface 311 and the second side surface 321 can be made smoother.
  • the contact area between the first side surface 311 and the second side surface 321 can be increased, so that the first side surface 311 and the second side surface 321 can be reliably contacted.
  • metal ions such as sodium ions
  • the elastic layer 32 can be evenly stressed, so that the elastic layer 32 is compressed more evenly, thereby reducing the risk of stress concentration on the elastic layer 32.
  • the orthographic projection of the substrate layer 31 is located within the orthographic projection of the elastic layer 32 .
  • the orthographic projection of the substrate layer 31 is It is located within the orthographic projection of the elastic layer 32. It should be noted that the orthographic projection range of the substrate layer 31 is located within the orthographic projection range of the elastic layer 32.
  • the orthographic projection area of the substrate layer 31 can be smaller than the orthographic projection area of the elastic layer 32, or the orthographic projection area of the substrate layer 31 can be equal to the orthographic projection area of the elastic layer 32. At this time, the orthographic projection of the substrate layer 31 and the orthographic projection of the elastic layer 32 completely overlap.
  • the orthographic projection of the substrate layer 31 is located within the orthographic projection of the elastic layer 32.
  • the elastic layer 32 can be compressed, and the expansion force can be transmitted to the elastic layer 32.
  • the elastic layer 32 can absorb and alleviate the volume expansion of the electrode assembly 100, thereby reducing the volume expansion stress of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the outer surface of the negative electrode current collector 20 has a negative electrode active material layer 40 .
  • the negative electrode active material layer 40 is disposed on the outer surface of the negative electrode current collector 20, specifically, the negative electrode active material layer 40 is disposed on the outer surface of the substrate layer 31.
  • the type of the negative electrode active material layer 40 is reasonably selected according to actual use conditions and is not specifically limited here.
  • the battery cell 200 can include the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the elastic layer 32 is a high molecular polymer.
  • the high molecular polymer can be set to one or more of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), PI (polyimide) and other substances.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PP polypropylene
  • PI polyimide
  • polyethylene terephthalate has better temperature resistance and better bonding strength
  • polypropylene has better corrosion resistance, and has more advantages in corrosion resistance in the electrolyte of the battery cell 200.
  • the non-polar polypropylene substrate has strong acid and alkali resistance, and the performance of the final application at the end of the battery 300 will be better.
  • the temperature resistance, bonding strength and corrosion resistance of the elastic layer 32 can be improved, and the performance of the battery cell 200 can be improved.
  • the thickness of the substrate layer 31 accounts for 5%-80% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 32 accounts for 20%-95% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30 .
  • the thickness of the substrate layer 31 accounts for 5%-80% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30, for example, the thickness of the substrate layer 31 accounts for 5% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30, or the thickness of the substrate layer 31 accounts for 80% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30, or the thickness of the substrate layer 31 accounts for 50% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30.
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 32 accounts for 20%-95% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30, for example, the thickness of the elastic layer 32 accounts for 20% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30, or the thickness of the elastic layer 32 accounts for 95% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30, or the thickness of the elastic layer 32 accounts for 60% of the total thickness of the substrate assembly 30.
  • the space occupied by the elastic layer 32 in the initial uncompressed state can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of affecting the space of the electrode assembly 100 and losing energy density.
  • the space occupied by the elastic layer 32 can be ensured, and the compressible space of the elastic layer 32 can be increased, which can effectively absorb the expansion of the electrode assembly 100.
  • the initial thickness of the elastic layer 32 is D1
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 32 after being compressed is D2, satisfying the relationship: 0.1 ⁇ 1-D2/D1 ⁇ 0.95.
  • the initial thickness of the elastic layer 32 refers to the thickness of the elastic layer 32 when it is not compressed and in a free state
  • the thickness of the elastic layer 32 after being compressed refers to the thickness of the elastic layer 32 when it is compressed by force.
  • “1-D2/D1” is 0.1
  • “1-D2/D1” is 0.95
  • “1-D2/D1” is 0.6.
  • the elastic layer 32 can have sufficient compression capacity.
  • the elastic layer 32 can be compressed and deformed as the electrode assembly 100 expands and absorb the expansion of the electrode assembly 100. At the same time, it reduces the processing problems caused by deformation and rebound of the electrode assembly 100 during production due to excessive compressibility.
  • the elastic layer 32 has a weight-reducing structure.
  • the weight-reducing structure has a weight-reducing effect. By providing the weight-reducing structure on the elastic layer 32 , the weight of the elastic layer 32 can be reduced.
  • the weight of the elastic layer 32 can be reduced, the weight of the electrode assembly 100 can be reduced, and thus the weight of the battery cell 200 can be reduced, which is conducive to realizing a lightweight design of the battery cell 200 .
  • the weight-reducing structure is a weight-reducing hole and/or a weight-reducing groove.
  • the weight-reducing structure may be configured as a weight-reducing hole and/or a weight-reducing groove, and it may also be understood that the weight-reducing structure may be a weight-reducing hole, a weight-reducing groove, or a weight-reducing hole and a weight-reducing groove.
  • the weight-reducing hole may penetrate the elastic layer 32 along the thickness direction of the elastic layer 32.
  • the structure of the weight-reducing structure can be simplified, which makes it easier to set the weight-reducing structure on the elastic layer 32 and simplifies the structure of the elastic layer 32 .
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes: a separator 50 , which is disposed between the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode collector 20 to separate the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode collector 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 100 further includes: a diaphragm 50, which is disposed between the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20.
  • the diaphragm 50 can separate the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20.
  • the diaphragm 50 allows metal ions to pass through.
  • the diaphragm 50 has an insulating effect.
  • the specific structure and manufacturing material of the diaphragm 50 are specifically set according to actual usage conditions and are not specifically limited here.
  • the separator 50 can separate the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode collector 20, avoid the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode collector 20 from contacting and short-circuiting, and improve the safety of the battery cell 200.
  • the separator 50 in the thickness direction of the separator 50, has a positive terminal 11 and a negative terminal 12, the positive terminal 11 is arranged close to the positive electrode sheet 10, the negative terminal 12 is arranged close to the negative electrode current collector 20, the positive terminal 11 is provided with a plurality of first openings 110, the negative terminal 12 is provided with a plurality of second openings 120, and the aperture of the first opening 110 is Larger than the diameter of the second opening 120 .
  • the "positive terminal 11 of the separator 50” can be understood as the end of the separator 50 close to the positive electrode sheet 10 after the positive electrode sheet 10, the separator 50 and the negative electrode current collector 20 are stacked and assembled into a battery cell 200.
  • the "negative terminal 12 of the separator 50” can be understood as the end of the separator 50 close to the negative electrode current collector 20 after the positive electrode sheet 10, the separator 50 and the negative electrode current collector 20 are stacked and assembled into a battery cell 200.
  • the meaning of "plurality” refers to two or more.
  • the inventor has found through extensive research that by providing the first opening 110 at the positive terminal 11 of the separator 50 and the second opening 120 at the negative terminal 12 of the separator 50, and the aperture of the first opening 110 is larger than the aperture of the second opening 120, on the one hand, during the cycle of the battery 300, the volume of the negative electrode collector 20 expands and squeezes the negative terminal 12 of the separator 50, so that the negative terminal 12 is compressed more than the positive terminal 11, thereby making it easier for the negative terminal 12 of the separator 50 to be in contact with the negative electrode collector 20.
  • the electrolyte dries up, and the present application sets a small-aperture second opening 120 on the negative terminal 12 of the diaphragm 50.
  • the small-aperture second opening 120 has a good liquid retention effect, so that the electrolyte is not easy to dry up between the diaphragm 50 and the negative electrode current collector 20, thereby reducing the capacity loss of the battery 300;
  • the negative terminal 12 with a small-aperture second opening 120 has good density, thereby reducing the probability of metal dendrites on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 20 piercing the diaphragm 50 and causing a short circuit, thereby improving the safety of the battery 300.
  • the positive terminal 11 is provided with a first opening 110 with a larger aperture
  • the negative terminal 12 is provided with a second opening 120 with a smaller aperture.
  • the concentration gradient of the metal ion diffusion can be adjusted, so that the metal ions are uniformly deposited on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 20, while reducing the generation of metal dendrites and reducing the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector 20, thereby improving the safety of the battery 300. Therefore, the use of the separator 50 of the present application can solve the problem of capacity loss and safety of the battery 300 caused by volume expansion of the negative electrode collector 20 during the cycle of the metal battery 300.
  • the inventors of the present application found that when the diaphragm 50 of the present application satisfies one or more of the following conditions on the basis of satisfying the above conditions, the capacity loss of the battery 300 can be further reduced and the safety performance of the battery 300 can be improved.
  • the diameter of the first opening 110 is 20 nm-1000 ⁇ m.
  • the aperture of the first opening 110 is preferably 50nm-500nm. ⁇ m, that is, the aperture of the first opening 110 of the positive terminal 11 is 50nm-500 ⁇ m.
  • the liquid retention effect of the negative terminal 12 of the diaphragm 50 can be improved while its density can be improved, thereby solving the problem of capacity loss and safety of the battery 300 caused by volume expansion of the negative electrode collector 20 during the cycle of the battery 300.
  • the diameter of the second opening 120 is 20 nm-500 ⁇ m.
  • the pore size of the second opening 120 of the negative terminal 12 of the above-mentioned diaphragm 50 is 20nm-500 ⁇ m, for example, 30nm-500 ⁇ m, 40nm-500 ⁇ m, 50nm-500 ⁇ m, 60nm-500 ⁇ m, 70nm-500 ⁇ m, 80nm-500 ⁇ m, 90nm-500 ⁇ m, 100nm-500 ⁇ m, 200nm-500 ⁇ m, 300nm-5 00 ⁇ m, 400nm-500 ⁇ m, 500nm-500 ⁇ m, 600nm-500 ⁇ m, 700nm-500 ⁇ m, 800nm-500 ⁇ m, 900nm-500 ⁇ m, 1000nm-500 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m-500 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m-450 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m-400 ⁇ m, 150 ⁇ m-350 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m-300 ⁇ m.
  • the second opening 120 meeting the aperture can improve the liquid retention effect of the negative terminal 12 on the one hand, so that the electrolyte is not easy to dry up between the diaphragm 50 and the negative electrode current collector 20, thereby reducing the capacity loss of the battery 300; on the other hand, the density of the negative terminal 12 can be improved, thereby reducing the probability of metal dendrites on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 20 piercing the diaphragm 50 to cause a short circuit, thereby improving the safety of the battery 300.
  • the pore size of the second opening 120 is preferably 50 nm-100 ⁇ m, that is, the pore size of the second opening 120 of the negative terminal 12 is 50 nm-100 ⁇ m.
  • the pore sizes of the openings in the separator 50 increase sequentially along the direction from the negative terminal 12 to the positive terminal 11 .
  • the concentration gradient of the metal ion diffusion can be further adjusted during the charging process of the battery 300, so that the metal ions are uniformly deposited on the surface of the negative electrode collector 20, thereby reducing the volume expansion of the negative electrode collector 20 while reducing the generation of metal dendrites, thereby improving the safety of the battery 300.
  • a capillary structure 13 is provided inside the diaphragm 50 along its height direction, and one end of the capillary structure 13 is flush with the lowest end of the diaphragm 50 .
  • a capillary structure 13 is provided in the diaphragm 50 along its height direction, and one end of the capillary structure 13 is flush with the lowest end of the diaphragm 50.
  • the length H1 of the capillary structure 13 is ⁇ 70% H2, wherein H2 is the height of the diaphragm 50 .
  • H1 is 70% H2, 75% H2, 80% H2, 85% H2, 90% H2, 95% H2, and 100% H2.
  • the electrolyte at the bottom of the battery cell 200 can be siphoned to the upper part of the diaphragm 50 to replenish the insufficient electrolyte at the upper part of the diaphragm 50 in time.
  • the capillary structure 13 may adopt a tree-like structure, for example, a large-pore trunk structure is combined with a small-pore branch structure, and the small-pore branch structure is connected to the large-pore trunk structure, so that not only can the electrolyte at the bottom of the battery cell 200 be siphoned to the upper layer of the diaphragm 50 through the large-pore trunk structure, but the electrolyte can also be transported to each layer in the diaphragm 50 through the small-pore branch structure, thereby timely replenishing the insufficient electrolyte in the diaphragm 50.
  • a tree-like structure for example, a large-pore trunk structure is combined with a small-pore branch structure, and the small-pore branch structure is connected to the large-pore trunk structure, so that not only can the electrolyte at the bottom of the battery cell 200 be siphoned to the upper layer of the diaphragm 50 through the large-pore trunk structure, but the electrolyte can also be transported to each layer in the diaphragm 50
  • the compression modulus of the separator 50 is 5%-95%, for example, 10%-90%, 20%-80%, 30%-70%, 40%-60%, 40%-50%.
  • the compression modulus of the present application when the volume of the negative electrode current collector 20 expands, the bulging of the battery 300 caused by the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector 20 can be effectively alleviated, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 300.
  • the compression modulus of the diaphragm 50 is tested using a universal testing machine (MDTC-EQ-M12-01), specifically including:
  • Step 1 Select the diaphragm to be tested: through multi-layer stacking test, the thickness of the test sample meets ⁇ 1mm, and the error accuracy is controlled;
  • Step 2 initial thickness collection: applying an initial pressure to the diaphragm (trying an initial value ⁇ 0.05 MPa) to obtain the initial thickness of the diaphragm under the constant pressure;
  • Step 3 compression modulus collection: continuously apply pressure to the diaphragm until the thickness remains unchanged and the pressure/pressure shows an exponential rising inflection point, then the data collection is considered to be completed.
  • the slope of the initial section of the strain-stress curve corresponds to the compression modulus of this sample, thereby obtaining the compression modulus of different target samples.
  • the diaphragm 50 is a spongy basement membrane.
  • the "sponge basement membrane” can be understood as a thin film with a sponge-like structure.
  • the sponge basement membrane can include at least one of glass fiber, nanofiber, polyethylene, polypropylene and non-woven fabric.
  • the diaphragm 50 includes a spongy basement membrane 14 and a coating 15 , wherein the coating 15 is formed on at least one side of the spongy basement membrane 14 , and the capillary structure 13 is disposed in the spongy basement membrane 14 .
  • the diaphragm 50 includes a sponge base film 14 and a coating 15, the coating 15 is formed on at least one side of the sponge base film 14, and the capillary structure 13 is provided in the sponge base film 14.
  • the coating 15 is formed on one side of the sponge base film 14
  • the second opening 120 is provided on the coating
  • the first opening 110 is provided at one end of the sponge base film 11 away from the coating 15.
  • the liquid retention effect of the diaphragm 50 can be improved, and the coating 15 is provided on one side of the sponge base film 14, and the second opening 120 is provided on the coating 15 as the negative terminal 12 of the diaphragm 50, the puncture resistance and high temperature resistance of the diaphragm 50 can be significantly improved, and the safety performance of the battery 300 is improved.
  • the coating 15 is formed on both sides of the sponge basement membrane 14 , the second opening 120 is provided on the coating 15 at the negative terminal 12 , and the first opening 110 is provided on the coating 15 at the positive terminal 11 .
  • the liquid retention effect of the diaphragm 50 can be improved, and by providing a coating 15 on both sides of the sponge base film 14, the high temperature resistance of the diaphragm 50 can be significantly improved, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 300.
  • the coating 15 may include an inorganic particle coating or a gel electrolyte coating.
  • the inorganic particles used in the inorganic particle coating may include one or more of boehmite ( ⁇ -AlOOH), aluminum oxide (A12O3), barium sulfate (BaSO4), magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), silicon dioxide (SiO2), tin dioxide (SnO2), titanium oxide (TiO2), calcium oxide (CaO), zinc oxide (ZnO), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), yttrium oxide (Y2O3), nickel oxide (NiO), cerium oxide (CeO2), zirconium titanate (SrTiO3), barium titanate (BaTiO3), and magnesium fluoride (MgF2).
  • the gel electrolyte in the gel electrolyte coating may include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), vinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene copolymer [P(VDFHFP)], polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the like.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PVDFHFP vinylidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene copolymer
  • PEO polyethylene oxide
  • PAN polyacrylonitrile
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • the thickness of the inorganic particle coating is 0.5 ⁇ m-8 ⁇ m, for example, 1 ⁇ m-8 ⁇ m, 1.5 ⁇ m-7.5 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m-7 ⁇ m, 2.5 ⁇ m-6.5 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m-6 ⁇ m, 3.5 ⁇ m-5.5 ⁇ m, 4 ⁇ m-5 ⁇ m.
  • the high temperature resistance and puncture resistance of the separator 50 can be improved, and the safety performance of the battery 300 can be improved.
  • the thickness of the gel electrolyte coating is 5 ⁇ m-15 ⁇ m, such as 6 ⁇ m-15 ⁇ m, 7 ⁇ m-14 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m-13 ⁇ m, 9 ⁇ m-12 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m-11 ⁇ m, thereby improving the high temperature resistance and puncture resistance of the separator 50 and improving the safety performance of the battery 300.
  • the above-mentioned inorganic particle coating and gel electrolyte coating may also include a binder.
  • the binder may be one or more of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), water-based acrylic resin, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyacrylic acid (PAA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
  • SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • PAA polyacrylic acid
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • the inorganic particle coating and the gel electrolyte coating may further include other organic compounds, for example, polymers for improving heat resistance, dispersants, wetting agents, and other types of binders, etc.
  • organic compounds for example, polymers for improving heat resistance, dispersants, wetting agents, and other types of binders, etc.
  • the present application has no particular restrictions on the types of the other organic compounds, and any known material with good improved performance may be selected.
  • the separator 50 includes a first separator 500, a middle separator 600, and a second separator 700 stacked along the thickness direction thereof, the first opening 110 is provided on the first separator 500, and the second opening 120 is provided on the second separator 700.
  • the pore size of the middle separator 600 is larger than the pore size of the first opening 110 or the pore size of the second opening 120; and/or the porosity of the middle separator 600 is larger than the porosity in the first separator 500 or the second separator 700.
  • a middle separator 600 with a larger pore size and/or a larger porosity, more electrolyte can be stored, so that when the volume expansion of the negative electrode current collector 20 squeezes the electrolyte between the negative electrode current collector 20 and the separator 50, the electrolyte can be stored.
  • the electrolyte stored in the middle separator 600 can timely supplement the shortage of electrolyte between the negative electrode current collector 20 and the separator 50 .
  • the first isolation film 500, the middle isolation film 600, and the second isolation film 700 meet at least one of the following conditions:
  • the porosity of the first isolation film 500 is 30%-70%
  • the pore size of the middle isolation film 600 is 30nm-1 ⁇ m
  • the porosity of the middle isolation membrane 600 is 40%-90%
  • the porosity of the second isolation film 700 is 30%-70%.
  • the pore size of the middle separator 600 is 30nm-1 ⁇ m, for example, 30nm-1 ⁇ m, 40nm-1 ⁇ m, 50nm-1 ⁇ m, 60nm-1 ⁇ m, 70nm-1 ⁇ m, 80nm-1 ⁇ m, 90nm-1 ⁇ m, 100nm-1 ⁇ m, 200nm-1 ⁇ m, 300nm-1 ⁇ m, 400nm-1 ⁇ m, 500nm-1 ⁇ m, 600nm-1 ⁇ m, 700nm-1 ⁇ m, 800nm-1 ⁇ m, 900nm-1 ⁇ m.
  • the middle separator 600 meeting the pore size can store more electrolyte, so that the shortage of electrolyte between the negative electrode current collector 20 and the separator 50 can be replenished in time.
  • the porosity of the first isolation membrane 500 is 30%-70%, for example 35%-70%, 40%-70%, 45%-70%, 50%-70%, 55%-70%, 60%-70%, 65%-70%;
  • the porosity of the middle isolation membrane 600 is 40%-90%, for example 45%-90%, 50%-90%, 55%-90%, 60%-90%, 65%-90%, 70%-90%, 75%-90%, 80%-90%, 85%-90%;
  • the porosity of the second isolation membrane 700 is 30%-70%, for example 35%-70%, 40%-70%, 45%-70%, 50%-70%, 55%-70%, 60%-70%, 65%-70%. Therefore, the middle separator 600 that meets the porosity requirement can store more electrolyte, so as to timely replenish the shortage of electrolyte between the negative electrode current collector 20 and the separator 50 .
  • EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
  • the present application further provides a battery cell 200, comprising the electrode assembly 100 of the above embodiment.
  • the battery cell 200 may further comprise a housing 201, and the electrode assembly 100 is installed in the housing 201.
  • the present application further provides a battery 300, including the battery cell 200 of the above embodiment.
  • the battery 300 may further include a box 301, and the battery cell 200 is installed in the box 301.
  • the present application further provides an electric device 400, comprising the battery 300 of the above embodiment.
  • the battery 300 is used to provide electric energy for the electric device 400.
  • the present application provides an electrode assembly 100, the electrode assembly 100 includes a separator 50, a positive electrode sheet 10 and a negative electrode current collector 20, the separator 50, the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20 are stacked along a first direction, and a separator 50 is arranged between the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode current collector 20, and the separator 50 separates the positive electrode sheet 10 and the negative electrode
  • the current collectors 20 are spaced apart.
  • the negative electrode current collectors 20 include a substrate assembly 30 .
  • the substrate assembly 30 has an elastic layer 32 and a plurality of substrate layers 31 .
  • the plurality of substrate layers 31 are stacked along a first direction.
  • An elastic layer 32 is disposed between two adjacent substrate layers 31 .
  • the difference between the electrode assembly 100 in the embodiment of FIG. 4 and the electrode assembly 100 in FIG. 5 is that the negative electrode active material layer 40 is not provided on the outer surface of the negative electrode current collector 20 in FIG. 4, while the negative electrode active material layer 40 is provided on the outer surface of the negative electrode current collector 20 in FIG. 5.
  • the difference between the substrate assembly 30 in the embodiment of FIG. 6 and the substrate assembly 30 in FIG. 7 is that the substrate layer 31 is provided on one side of the elastic layer 32 of the substrate assembly 30 in the embodiment of FIG. 6, while the substrate layer 31 is provided on both sides of the elastic layer 32 of the substrate assembly 30 in the embodiment of FIG. 7, and the elastic layer 32 is provided between the two substrate layers 31.
  • the difference between the substrate assembly 30 in the embodiment of FIG. 7 and the substrate assembly 30 in FIG. 8 is that the negative electrode active material layer 40 is provided on the outer surface of the substrate assembly 30 in FIG. 8.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Cell Separators (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

一种电极组件(100)、电池单体(200)、电池(300)以及用电装置(400)，电极组件(100)包括：正极片(10)和负极集流体(20)，所述正极片(10)和所述负极集流体(20)沿第一方向堆叠，所述正极片(10)和所述负极集流体(20)中的至少一个包括基材组件(30)，所述基材组件(30)具有基材层(31)和弹性层(32)，所述基材层(31)和相应的所述弹性层(32)沿所述第一方向堆叠。

Description

电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其是涉及一种电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
相关技术中，电池单体包括外壳和电极组件，电极组件设置在外壳内，电池在充电过程中，负极集流体会发生金属(例如锂钠钾)析出/沉积，导致电极组件体积膨胀，电极组件体积变化率大，电极组件膨胀时外壳受应力大，容易造成电池单体爆炸，影响电池单体使用寿命，降低了电池单体使用安全性。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个目的在于提出了一种电极组件，电池在充电过程中，该电极组件的弹性层可以被压缩，能够吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，减小电池单体的外壳受力，降低电池单体爆炸风险，提升电池单体使用寿命以及使用安全性。
本申请进一步地提出了一种电池单体。
本申请进一步地提出了一种电池。
本申请进一步地提出了一种用电装置。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电极组件，包括：
正极片和负极集流体，正极片和负极集流体沿第一方向堆叠，正极片和负极集流体中的至少一个包括基材组件，基材组件具有基材层和弹性层，基材层和相应的弹性层沿第一方向堆叠。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置弹性层，电池在充电过程中，弹性层可以被压缩，能够吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，弹性层可以吸收电极组件的膨胀力，减小电池单体的外壳受力，降低电池单体爆炸风险，提升电池单体使用寿命以及使用安全性。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向，基材层的至少一侧设有弹性层。
在上述技术方案中，通过基材层的至少一侧设有弹性层，正极片和负极集流体沿第一方向堆叠时，能够使弹性层位于正极片和基材层之间，电池单体在充电过程中，能够使弹性层被压缩，弹性层可以吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，减小电极组件的体积膨胀应力。
在一些实施例中，基材组件具有多个基材层，多个基材层沿第一方向堆叠，至少相邻两 个基材层间设置有弹性层。
在上述技术方案中，通过在相邻两个基材层间设置有弹性层，电池单体在充电过程中，基材层远离弹性层的表面沉积有金属离子(例如钠离子)层，金属离子在基材层表面沉积后，在膨胀力作用下，弹性层被压缩，弹性层可以吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，减小电极组件的体积膨胀应力。
在一些实施例中，弹性层与邻接的基材层连接。
在上述技术方案中，通过弹性层与基材层连接，能够将弹性层与基材层固定装配，降低弹性层与基材层发生错位风险，使弹性层可靠装配在基材层和正极片之间，电池单体在充电过程中，金属离子在负极集流体表面沉积后，在膨胀力作用下，保证弹性层在第一方向被压缩，保证弹性层可以吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀。
在一些实施例中，弹性层与邻接的基材层粘接固定。
在上述技术方案中，通过弹性层与邻接的基材层粘接固定，能够使弹性层与基材层可靠固定，降低弹性层与基材层分离风险，也可以降低弹性层与基材层发生错位风险，并且，弹性层与基材层粘接固定，能够简化弹性层与基材层装配工序，可以提升弹性层与基材层装配效率。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向，基材层具有第一侧表面，弹性层具有第二侧表面，第一侧表面与相应的第二侧表面抵接。
在上述技术方案中，通过基材层的第一侧表面与弹性层的第二侧表面抵接，电池单体在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体表面沉积后，能够使膨胀力传递至弹性层，可以使弹性层被压缩，弹性层可以吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，减小电极组件的体积膨胀应力。
在一些实施例中，第一侧表面和第二侧表面均构造为平面。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一侧表面和第二侧表面均设置为平面，能够使第一侧表面和第二侧表面更加平整，弹性层与基材层装配后，能够增加第一侧表面和第二侧表面抵接面积，可以使第一侧表面和第二侧表面可靠抵接，电池单体在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体表面沉积后，能够使弹性层受力均匀，使弹性层压缩的更加均匀，降低弹性层受到应力集中风险。
在一些实施例中，沿第一方向，基材层的正投影位于弹性层的正投影内。
在上述技术方案中，通过基材层的正投影位于弹性层的正投影内，电池单体在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体表面沉积后，能够使弹性层被压缩，可以使膨胀力传递至弹性层，弹性层可以吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，减小电极组件的体积膨胀应力。
在一些实施例中，负极集流体的外表面具有负极活性物质层。
在上述技术方案中，通过将负极活性物质层设置在负极集流体的外表面，能够形成负极片，可以使电池单体具有正极片和负极片。
在一些实施例中，弹性层为高分子聚合物。
在上述技术方案中，通过将弹性层设置为高分子聚合物，能够提升弹性层的耐温特性、粘结强度、耐腐蚀性，可以提升电池单体的性能。
在一些实施例中，基材层的厚度占基材组件总厚度的5％-80％，弹性层的厚度占基材组件总厚度的20％-95％。
在上述技术方案中，可以减小初始未压缩状态的弹性层占用空间，降低影响电极组件的空间、损失能量密度的风险，同时也可以保证弹性层占用空间，提升弹性层的可压缩空间，可以有效吸收电极组件的膨胀量。
在一些实施例中，弹性层初始厚度为D1，弹性层被压缩后的厚度为D2，满足关系式：0.1≤1-D2/D1≤0.95。
在上述技术方案中，可以使弹性层具有足够的压缩能力，弹性层可以随着电极组件的膨胀压缩变形并吸收电极组件的膨胀，同时降低了因可压缩比例过大导致电极组件生产时易变形、回弹等带来的加工问题。
在一些实施例中，弹性层具有减重结构。
在上述技术方案中，在弹性层上设置减重结构，能够减小弹性层重量，可以减小电极组件重量，从而可以电池单体重量，有利于实现电池单体的轻量化设计。
在一些实施例中，减重结构为减重孔和/或减重槽。
在上述技术方案中，通过将减重结构设置为减重孔和/或减重槽，能够简化减重结构的结构，便于在弹性层上设置减重结构，可以简化弹性层结构。
在一些实施例中，电极组件还包括：隔膜，隔膜设置在正极片和负极集流体之间以间隔正极片和负极集流体。
在上述技术方案中，通过将隔膜设置在正极片和负极集流体之间，隔膜能够将正极片和负极集流体间隔开，避免正极片和负极集流体接触发生短路，提升电池单体使用安全性。
在一些实施例中，在隔膜的厚度方向，隔膜具有正极端和负极端，正极端靠近正极片设置，负极端靠近负极集流体设置，正极端设有多个第一开孔，负极端设有多个第二开孔，第一开孔的孔径大于第二开孔的孔径。
在上述技术方案中，采用本申请的隔膜可以解决电池循环过程中负极集流体发生体积膨胀造成电池容量损失和安全问题。
在一些实施例中，第一开孔的孔径为20nm-1000μm，优选50nm-500μm。
在上述技术方案中，可以在提高隔膜的负极端的保液效果同时提高其致密度，从而可以解决电池循环过程中负极集流体发生体积膨胀造成电池容量损失和安全问题。
在一些实施例中，第二开孔的孔径为20nm-500μm，优选50nm-100μm。
在上述技术方案中，可以在提高隔膜的负极端的保液效果同时提高其致密度，从而可以解决电池循环过程中负极集流体发生体积膨胀造成电池容量损失和安全问题。
在一些实施例中，沿着负极端到正极端的方向，隔膜中开孔的孔径依次增大。
在上述技术方案中，可以调节电池充电过程中金属离子扩散的浓度梯度，从而使得金属离子在负极集流体表面均匀沉积，在降低金属枝晶产生的同时降低负极集流体的体积膨胀。
在一些实施例中，隔膜内沿其高度方向设有毛细管结构，并且毛细管结构的一端与隔膜的最下端平齐。
在上述技术方案中，在负极集流体体积膨胀挤压隔膜的过程中，利用毛细管的虹吸效应，可以将电池单体底部的电解液虹吸到隔膜内，及时补充隔膜高度方向电解液不足的情况。
在一些实施例中，毛细管结构的长度H1≥70％H2，其中，H2为隔膜的高度。
在上述技术方案中，可以及时补充隔膜高度方向电解液不足的情况。
在一些实施例中，隔膜的压缩模量为5％-95％。
在上述技术方案中，可以降低负极集流体体积膨胀导致电池单体鼓包情况，提高电池单体安全性能。
在一些实施例中，隔膜为海绵体基膜。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高保液效果，降低电池单体容量损失的情况。
在一些实施例中，隔膜包括海绵体基膜和涂层，涂层形成在海绵体基膜的至少一侧，毛细管结构设在海绵体基膜中。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高隔膜的保液效果和强度，解决电池循环过程中负极集流体发生体积膨胀造成电池单体容量损失和安全问题。
在一些实施例中，海绵体基膜包括玻璃纤维、纳米纤维、聚乙烯、聚丙烯和无纺布中的至少之一。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高保液效果，降低电池单体容量损失。
在一些实施例中，涂层形成在海绵体基膜的一侧，第二开孔设在涂层上，第一开孔设在海绵体基膜的远离涂层的一端。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高隔膜的保液效果和强度，解决电池单体循环过程中负极集流体发生体积膨胀造成电池单体容量损失和安全问题。
在一些实施例中，涂层形成在海绵体基膜的两侧，第二开孔设在位于负极端的涂层上，第一开孔设在正极端的涂层上。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高隔膜的保液效果和强度，解决电池单体循环过程中负极集流体发生体积膨胀造成电池单体容量损失和安全问题。
在一些实施例中，隔膜包括沿其厚度方向层叠的第一隔离膜、中部隔离膜和第二隔离膜，第一开孔设在第一隔离膜上，第二开孔设在第二隔离膜上。
在一些实施例中，中部隔离膜的孔径大于第一开孔的孔径或第二开孔的孔径；和/或中部隔离膜的孔隙率大于第一隔离膜或第二隔离膜中的孔隙率。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高隔膜的保液效果，降低电池单体容量损失。
在一些实施例中，第一隔离膜、中部隔离膜和第二隔离膜满足以下条件中的至少之一：
第一隔离膜的孔隙率为30％-70％；
中部隔离膜的孔径为30nm-1μm；
中部隔离膜的孔隙率为40％-90％；
第二隔离膜的孔隙率为30％-70％。
在上述技术方案中，可以提高隔膜的保液效果，降低电池单体容量损失。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池单体，包括上述的电极组件。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池，包括上述的电池单体。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述的电池。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例提供的用电装置的结构示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图3是根据本申请实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图；
图4是根据本申请一些实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图；
图5是根据本申请又一些实施例提供的电极组件的结构示意图；
图6是根据本申请一些实施例提供的基材组件的结构示意图；
图7是根据本申请又一些实施例提供的基材组件的结构示意图；
图8是根据本申请一些实施例提供的负极集流体的外表面设置有负极活性物质层的结构示意图；
图9是本申请一实施方式的隔膜结构示意图；
图10是本申请再一实施方式的隔膜结构示意图；
图11是本申请又一实施方式的隔膜结构示意图；
图12是本申请又一实施方式的隔膜结构示意图；
图13是本申请又一实施方式的隔膜结构示意图；
图14是本申请又一实施方式的隔膜结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、 扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模组或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体或多个电池模组的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括外壳、电极组件和电解液，外壳用于容纳电极组件和电解液。电极组件由正极极片、负极极片和隔膜组成。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体凸出于已涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体，未涂敷正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体，或者负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体凸出于已涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体，未涂敷负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。
隔膜的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
发明人发现，电池在充电过程中，负极集流体会发生金属(例如锂钠钾)析出/沉积，导致电极组件体积膨胀，电极组件体积变化率大，电极组件膨胀时电池单体的外壳受应力大，容易造成电池单体爆炸，影响电池单体使用寿命，降低了电池单体使用安全性。
基于上述考虑，为了解决由于电极组件膨胀导致电池单体的外壳受应力大的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电极组件，该电极组件通过设置弹性层，电池在充电过程中，弹性层可以被压缩，能够吸收并缓解电极组件的体积膨胀，弹性层可以吸收电极组件的膨胀力，减小电池单体的外壳受力，降低电池单体爆炸风险，提升电池单体使用寿命以及使用安全性。
本申请实施例公开的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池热管理系统、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统，这样，有利于提升电池热管理系统的适用范围，并降低电池热管理系统的装配难度。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置，用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中， 电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图。车辆可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆的内部设置有电池300，电池300可以设置在车辆的底部或头部或尾部。电池300可以用于车辆的供电，例如，电池300可以作为车辆的操作电源。车辆还可以包括控制器401和马达402，控制器401用来控制电池300为马达402供电，例如，用于车辆的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池300不仅可以作为车辆的操作电源，还可以作为车辆的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆提供驱动动力。
请参照图2，图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池300的结构爆炸图。电池300包括箱体301和多个电池单体200，电池单体200用于容纳于箱体301内。其中，箱体301用于为电池单体200提供装配空间，箱体301可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体301可以包括第一箱本体302和第二箱本体303，第一箱本体302与第二箱本体303相互盖合，第一箱本体302和第二箱本体303共同限定出用于容纳电池单体200的装配空间。第二箱本体303可以为一端开放的空心结构，第一箱本体302可以为板状结构，第一箱本体302盖合于第二箱本体303的开放侧，以使第一箱本体302与第二箱本体303共同限定出装配空间；第一箱本体302和第二箱本体303也可以是均为一侧开放的空心结构，第一箱本体302的开放侧盖合于第二箱本体303的开放侧。当然，第一箱本体302和第二箱本体303形成的箱体301可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
在电池300中，多个电池单体200之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体200中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体200之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体200构成的整体容纳于箱体301内；当然，电池300也可以是多个电池单体200先串联或并联或混联组成电池300模块形式，多个电池300模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体301内。电池300还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池300还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体200之间的电连接。
下面参考图4-图8描述根据本申请实施例的电极组件100。
如图4和图8所示，本申请提供了一种电极组件100，电极组件100包括：正极片10和负极集流体20，正极片10和负极集流体20沿第一方向堆叠，正极片10和负极集流体20中的至少一个包括基材组件30，基材组件30具有基材层31和弹性层32，基材层31和相应的弹性层32沿第一方向堆叠。
其中，弹性层32为金属件，电池单体200包括外壳201和电极组件100，电极组件100安装于外壳201内，负极集流体20的外表面可以涂覆负极活性物质层40，负极集流体20的外表面涂覆负极活性物质层40时，负极集流体20和负极活性物质层40构成负极片，或者负极集流体20的外表面也可以未涂覆负极活性物质层40，负极集流体20的外表面未涂覆负极活性物质层40时，电池单体200为无负极的电池单体200。电极组件100可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请以电极组件100为叠片式结构为例进行说明。
如图4和图5所示，当电极组件100以图4和图5中方向放置时，第一方向是指图4和图5中的X方向，正极片10和负极集流体20沿第一方向堆叠布置，正极片10和负极集流体20均可以为多个，多个正极片10沿第一方向依次排布，任意相邻两个正极片10间设置有负极集流体20，多个正极片10和多个负极集流体20沿第一方向堆叠。正极片10和负极集流体20中的至少一个包括基材组件30，也可以理解为，正极片10或者负极集流体20包括基材组件30，或者正极片10和负极集流体20均包括基材组件30，本申请以负极集流体20包括基材组件30为例进行说明。
基材组件30具有基材层31和弹性层32，基材层31和对应的弹性层32沿第一方向堆叠，需要说明的是，至少一个负极集流体20包括基材组件30，本申请以每个负极集流体20均包括基材组件30为例进行说明。每个负极集流体20的基材层31和弹性层32沿第一方向堆叠设置。弹性层32具有弹性，当弹性层32受到挤压力时，弹性层32厚度变小，当弹性层32受到挤压力变小时，由于弹性层32具有弹性，弹性层32的厚度增加具有恢复原状趋势。在电池单体200充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体20表面沉积，使电极组件100膨胀，在电极组件100膨胀过程中，弹性层32被压缩，使电池单体200的外壳201内具有足够的空间供电极组件100膨胀，弹性层32能够吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀，弹性层32可以吸收电极组件100的膨胀力，减小电池单体200的外壳201受力，降低电池单体200爆炸风险，提升电池单体200使用寿命以及使用安全性，并且，通过设置弹性层32，也能够降低电池单体200发生断桥的风险，提升电池单体200的工作性能。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置弹性层32，电池300在充电过程中，弹性层32可以被压缩，能够吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀，弹性层32可以吸收电极组件100的膨胀力，减小电池单体200的外壳201受力，降低电池单体200爆炸风险，提升电池单体200使用寿命以及使用安全性，并且，通过设置弹性层32，也能够降低电池单体200发生断桥的风险，提升电池单体200的工作性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第一方向，基材层31的至少一侧设有弹性层32。
其中，如图6所示，沿第一方向，基材层31具有相对的第一侧和第二侧，可以只有基 材层31的第一侧设置有弹性层32，或者可以只有基材层31的第二侧设置有弹性层32，或者基材层31的第一侧和第二侧均设有弹性层32，此时基材层31夹设在两个弹性层32之间，本申请以基材层31的第一侧和第二侧中的一侧设置有弹性层32为例进行说明。
在上述技术方案中，通过基材层31的至少一侧设有弹性层32，正极片10和负极集流体20沿第一方向堆叠时，能够使弹性层32位于正极片10和基材层31之间，电池单体200在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体20表面沉积后，能够使弹性层32被压缩，弹性层32可以吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀，减小电极组件100的体积膨胀应力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，基材组件30具有多个基材层31，多个基材层31沿第一方向堆叠，至少相邻两个基材层31间设置有弹性层32。
其中，如图7所示，每个基材组件30可以包括多个基材层31，多个基材层31沿第一方向堆叠，至少相邻两个基材层31间设置有弹性层32，例如：每个基材组件30包括两个基材层31，两个基材层31间设置有弹性层32，在该实施例中，弹性层32夹设在两个基材层31之间。
在上述技术方案中，通过在相邻两个基材层31间设置有弹性层32，电池单体200在充电过程中，基材层31远离弹性层32的表面沉积有金属离子(例如钠离子)层，金属离子在基材层31表面沉积后，在膨胀力作用下，弹性层32被压缩，弹性层32可以吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀，减小电极组件100的体积膨胀应力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，弹性层32与邻接的基材层31连接。
其中，弹性层32与邻接的基材层31连接，需要说明的是，每个基材组件30的邻接的弹性层32和基材层31连接，弹性层32与基材层31的连接方式不具体限定，只要能将弹性层32与基材层31连接即可，例如：弹性层32与基材层31可以卡接连接，或者弹性层32与基材层31可以通过紧固件固定连接。
在上述技术方案中，通过弹性层32与基材层31连接，能够将弹性层32与基材层31固定装配，降低弹性层32与基材层31发生错位风险，使弹性层32可靠装配在基材层31和正极片10之间，电池单体200在充电过程中，金属离子在负极集流体20表面沉积后，在膨胀力作用下，保证弹性层32在第一方向被压缩，保证弹性层32可以吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀。
根据本申请的一些实施例，弹性层32与邻接的基材层31粘接固定。
其中，弹性层32可以通过结构胶与邻接的基材层31粘接固定，需要说明的是，每个基材组件30的邻接的弹性层32和基材层31粘接固定。
在上述技术方案中，通过弹性层32与邻接的基材层31粘接固定，能够使弹性层32与 基材层31可靠固定，降低弹性层32与基材层31分离风险，也可以降低弹性层32与基材层31发生错位风险，并且，弹性层32与基材层31粘接固定，能够简化弹性层32与基材层31装配工序，可以提升弹性层32与基材层31装配效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第一方向，基材层31具有第一侧表面311，弹性层32具有第二侧表面321，第一侧表面311与相应的第二侧表面321抵接。
其中，沿第一方向，基材层31与弹性层32相对的侧表面为第一侧表面311，弹性层32与基材层31相对的侧表面为第二侧表面321，基材层31和弹性层32沿第一方向堆叠时，第一侧表面311与对应的第二侧表面321抵接。具体地，如图6所示，在该实施例中，基材层31的一侧设有弹性层32，基材层31与弹性层32相对的侧表面为第一侧表面311，弹性层32与基材层31相对的侧表面为第二侧表面321，基材层31具有一个第一侧表面311，弹性层32具有一个第二侧表面321，基材层31和弹性层32沿第一方向堆叠时，第一侧表面311与第二侧表面321相对设置，且第一侧表面311与第二侧表面321抵接。如图7所示，在该实施例中，弹性层32夹设在两个相邻基材层31之间，每个基材层31与弹性层32相对的侧表面为第一侧表面311，每个基材层31具有一个第一侧表面311，弹性层32与相邻两个基材层31分别相对的侧表面为第二侧表面321，弹性层32具有两个第二侧表面321，弹性层32的两个第二侧表面321分别与两个基材层31的第一侧表面311相对设置，且第二侧表面321与相对的第一侧表面311抵接。
在上述技术方案中，通过基材层31的第一侧表面311与弹性层32的第二侧表面321抵接，电池单体200在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体20表面沉积后，能够使膨胀力传递至弹性层32，可以使弹性层32被压缩，弹性层32可以吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀，减小电极组件100的体积膨胀应力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一侧表面311和第二侧表面321均构造为平面。
其中，第一侧表面311和第二侧表面321均构造为平面，弹性层32与基材层31装配后，使弹性层32与基材层31面面接触。
在上述技术方案中，通过将第一侧表面311和第二侧表面321均设置为平面，能够使第一侧表面311和第二侧表面321更加平整，弹性层32与基材层31装配后，能够增加第一侧表面311和第二侧表面321抵接面积，可以使第一侧表面311和第二侧表面321可靠抵接，电池单体200在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体20表面沉积后，能够使弹性层32受力均匀，使弹性层32压缩的更加均匀，降低弹性层32受到应力集中风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第一方向，基材层31的正投影位于弹性层32的正投影内。
其中，沿第一方向，即沿正极片10和负极集流体20的堆叠方向，基材层31的正投影 位于弹性层32的正投影内，需要说明的是，基材层31的正投影范围位于弹性层32的正投影范围内，基材层31的正投影面积可以小于弹性层32的正投影面积，或者基材层31的正投影面积可以等于弹性层32的正投影面积，此时基材层31的正投影和弹性层32的正投影完全重合。
在上述技术方案中，通过基材层31的正投影位于弹性层32的正投影内，电池单体200在充电过程中，金属离子(例如钠离子)在负极集流体20表面沉积后，能够使弹性层32被压缩，可以使膨胀力传递至弹性层32，弹性层32可以吸收并缓解电极组件100的体积膨胀，减小电极组件100的体积膨胀应力。
根据本申请的一些实施例，负极集流体20的外表面具有负极活性物质层40。
其中，负极活性物质层40设置在负极集流体20的外表面，具体地，负极活性物质层40设置在基材层31的外表面。负极活性物质层40的类型根据实际使用情况合理选择，这里不作具体限定。
在上述技术方案中，通过将负极活性物质层40设置在负极集流体20的外表面，能够形成负极片，可以使电池单体200具有正极片10和负极片。
根据本申请的一些实施例，弹性层32为高分子聚合物。
其中，高分子聚合物可以设置为PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)、PP(聚丙烯)、PI(聚酰亚胺)等物质中的一种或多种。需要说明的是，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯有更好的耐温特性、更好的粘结强度，聚丙烯有更好的耐腐蚀性，在电池单体200的电解液里面耐腐性更有优势。无极性的聚丙烯基材耐酸碱性强，最终运用在电池300端的性能会更好。
在上述技术方案中，通过将弹性层32设置为高分子聚合物，能够提升弹性层32的耐温特性、粘结强度、耐腐蚀性，可以提升电池单体200的性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，基材层31的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的5％-80％，弹性层32的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的20％-95％。
其中，基材组件30未受压状态时，基材层31的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的5％-80％，例如：基材层31的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的5％，或者基材层31的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的80％，或者基材层31的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的50％。弹性层32的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的20％-95％，例如：弹性层32的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的20％，或者弹性层32的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的95％，或者弹性层32的厚度占基材组件30总厚度的60％。
在上述技术方案中，可以减小初始未压缩状态的弹性层32占用空间，降低影响电极组件100的空间、损失能量密度的风险，同时也可以保证弹性层32占用空间，提升弹性层32的可压缩空间，可以有效吸收电极组件100的膨胀量。
根据本申请的一些实施例，弹性层32初始厚度为D1，弹性层32被压缩后的厚度为D2，满足关系式：0.1≤1-D2/D1≤0.95。
其中，弹性层32初始厚度是指弹性层32未被压缩、处于自由状态下的厚度，弹性层32被压缩后的厚度是指弹性层32受力被压缩时的厚度。例如：“1-D2/D1”为0.1，或者“1-D2/D1”为0.95，或者“1-D2/D1”为0.6。
在上述技术方案中，可以使弹性层32具有足够的压缩能力，弹性层32可以随着电极组件100的膨胀压缩变形并吸收电极组件100的膨胀，同时降低了因可压缩比例过大导致电极组件100生产时易变形、回弹等带来的加工问题。
根据本申请的一些实施例，弹性层32具有减重结构。
其中，减重结构具有减重效果，通过在弹性层32上设置减重结构，能够减小弹性层32重量。
在上述技术方案中，通过在弹性层32上设置减重结构，能够减小弹性层32重量，可以减小电极组件100重量，从而可以电池单体200重量，有利于实现电池单体200的轻量化设计。
根据本申请的一些实施例，减重结构为减重孔和/或减重槽。
其中，减重结构可以设置为减重孔和/或减重槽，也可以理解为，减重结构可以为减重孔，减重结构也可以为减重槽，减重结构还可以为减重孔和减重槽。减重孔可以沿弹性层32的厚度方向贯穿弹性层32。
在上述技术方案中，通过将减重结构设置为减重孔和/或减重槽，能够简化减重结构的结构，便于在弹性层32上设置减重结构，可以简化弹性层32结构。
根据本申请的一些实施例，电极组件100还包括：隔膜50，隔膜50设置在正极片10和负极集流体20之间以间隔正极片10和负极集流体20。
其中，如图4和图5所示，电极组件100还包括：隔膜50，隔膜50设置在正极片10和负极集流体20之间，隔膜50可以将正极片10和负极集流体20间隔开，隔膜50允许金属离子通过，隔膜50具有绝缘作用，隔膜50的具体结构以及制造材质根据实际使用情况具体设定，在此不作具体限定。
在上述技术方案中，通过将隔膜50设置在正极片10和负极集流体20之间，隔膜50能够将正极片10和负极集流体20间隔开，避免正极片10和负极集流体20接触发生短路，提升电池单体200使用安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参考图9和图10，在隔膜50的厚度方向，隔膜50具有正极端11和负极端12，正极端11靠近正极片10设置，负极端12靠近负极集流体20设置，正极端11设有多个第一开孔110，负极端12设有多个第二开孔120，第一开孔110的孔径 大于第二开孔120的孔径。
需要说明的是，“隔膜50的正极端11”可以理解为将正极片10、隔膜50和负极集流体20层叠后组装电池单体200后隔膜50上靠近正极片10的一端，同理“隔膜50的负极端12”可以理解为将正极片10、隔膜50和负极集流体20层叠后组装电池单体200后隔膜50上靠近负极集流体20的一端。并且“多个”的含义是指两个或两个以上。
不希望限于任何理论，发明人经大量研究发现，通过在隔膜50的正极端11设置第一开孔110以及在隔膜50的负极端12设置第二开孔120，并且第一开孔110的孔径大于第二开孔120的孔径，一方面，在电池300循环过程中负极集流体20体积膨胀挤压隔膜50的负极端12，使得负极端12压缩大于正极端11，从而使得隔膜50的负极端12与负极集流体20之间容易出现电解液干涸情况，而本申请在隔膜50的负极端12上设置小孔径的第二开孔120，小孔径的第二开孔120保液效果好，使得隔膜50与负极集流体20之间不易出现电解液干涸情况，从而降低电池300容量损失；再一方面，设置小孔径第二开孔120的负极端12致密性良好，从而可以降低负极集流体20表面产生金属枝晶刺穿隔膜50导致短路的概率，提高电池300安全性。另一方面，正极端11设置较大孔径的第一开孔110，负极端12设置较小孔径的第二开孔120，在电池300充电过程中，可以调节金属离子扩散的浓度梯度，从而使得金属离子在负极集流体20表面均匀沉积，在降低金属枝晶产生的同时降低负极集流体20的体积膨胀，提高电池300的安全性。由此，采用本申请的隔膜50可以解决金属电池300循环过程中负极集流体20发生体积膨胀造成电池300容量损失和安全问题。
本申请发明人经深入研究发现，当本申请的隔膜50在满足上述条件的基础上，若还可选地满足下述条件中的一个或几个时，可以进一步降低电池300的容量损失以及改善电池300的安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一开孔110的孔径为20nm-1000μm。
其中，例如30nm-1000μm，40nm-1000μm，50nm-1000μm，60nm-1000μm，70nm-1000μm，80nm-1000μm，90nm-1000μm，100nm-1000μm，200nm-1000μm，300nm-1000μm，400nm-1000μm，500nm-1000μm，600nm-1000μm，700nm-1000μm，800nm-1000μm，900nm-1000μm，1000nm-1000μm，10μm-1000μm，50μm-900μm，100μm-800μm，150μm-750μm，200μm-700μm，250μm-650μm，300μm-600μm，350μm-550μm，400μm-500μm。发明人发现，若第一开孔110的孔径过小，则正极端11离子传导性较差；而若第一开孔110孔径过大，隔膜50的正极端11会吸附大量电解液，而在充放电负极集流体20发生体积膨胀挤压隔膜50时，正极端11吸附的电解液来不及回流会形成局部电解液断桥，从而造成负极集流体20表面沉积不均匀，且无法阻挡正极片10上部分活性物质层掉粉等颗粒的影响而造成局部微短路。在另一些实施方式中，优选第一开孔110的孔径为50nm-500 μm，即正极端11的第一开孔110的孔径为50nm-500μm。
在上述技术方案中，可以在提高隔膜50的负极端12的保液效果同时提高其致密度，从而可以解决电池300循环过程中负极集流体20发生体积膨胀造成电池300容量损失和安全问题。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第二开孔120的孔径为20nm-500μm。
其中，上述隔膜50的负极端12的第二开孔120的孔径为20nm-500μm，例如30nm-500μm，40nm-500μm，50nm-500μm，60nm-500μm，70nm-500μm，80nm-500μm，90nm-500μm，100nm-500μm，200nm-500μm，300nm-500μm，400nm-500μm，500nm-500μm，600nm-500μm，700nm-500μm，800nm-500μm，900nm-500μm，1000nm-500μm，10μm-500μm，50μm-450μm，100μm-400μm，150μm-350μm，200μm-300μm。由此，满足该孔径的第二开孔120一方面可以提高负极端12的保液效果，使得隔膜50与负极集流体20之间不易出现电解液干涸情况，从而降低电池300容量损失；再一方面，可以提高负极端12的致密度，从而可以降低负极集流体20表面产生金属枝晶刺穿隔膜50导致短路的概率，提高电池300安全性。在另一些实施方式中，优选第二开孔120的孔径为50nm-100μm，即负极端12的第二开孔120的孔径为50nm-100μm。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿着负极端12到正极端11的方向，隔膜50中开孔的孔径依次增大。
在上述技术方案中，通过将隔膜50中开孔沿负极端12到正极端11的方向依次增大设置，在电池300充电过程中，可以进一步调节金属离子扩散的浓度梯度，从而使得金属离子在负极集流体20表面均匀沉积，在降低金属枝晶产生的同时降低负极集流体20的体积膨胀，提高电池300的安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，隔膜50内沿其高度方向设有毛细管结构13，并且毛细管结构13的一端与隔膜50的最下端平齐。
其中，为了进一步提高隔膜50的保液效果，参考图11，在隔膜50内沿其高度方向设置毛细管结构13，并且毛细管结构13的一端与隔膜50的最下端平齐。由此，在负极集流体20体积膨胀挤压隔膜50的过程中，利用毛细管的虹吸效应，可以将电池单体200底部的电解液虹吸到隔膜50内，及时补充隔膜50高度方向电解液不足的情况。
根据本申请的一些实施例，毛细管结构13的长度H1≥70％H2，其中，H2为隔膜50的高度。
其中，例如：H1为70％H2，75％H2，80％H2，85％H2，90％H2，95％H2，100％H2。由此，可以将电池单体200底部的电解液虹吸到隔膜50上部，及时补充隔膜50上部电解液不足的情况。
根据本申请的一些实施例，毛细管结构13可以采用类似树形结构，例如采用大孔道的主干结构配合小孔道的分支结构，小孔道的分支结构与大孔道的主干结构连通，从而不仅可以通过大孔道的主干结构将电池单体200底部的电解液虹吸到隔膜50上层，而且可以通过小孔道的分支结构将电解液输送到隔膜50内的各各层，从而及时补充隔膜50内电解液不足的情况。
根据本申请的一些实施例，隔膜50的压缩模量为5％-95％，例如10％-90％，20％-80％，30％-70％，40％-60％，40％-50％。由此，通过采用本申请压缩模量的隔膜50，在负极集流体20发生体积膨胀时，可以有效缓解负极集流体20体积膨胀导致电池300鼓包情况，提高电池300安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，隔膜50的压缩模量使用万能试验机(MDTC-EQ-M12-01)进行测试，具体包括：
步骤1、选取待测试隔膜：通过多层叠加测试，测试样品厚度满足≥1mm，控制误差精度；
步骤2、初始厚度收集：向隔膜施加初始压力(尝试初始值≥0.05MPa)，得到该恒定压力下隔膜的初始厚度；
步骤3、压缩模量收集：向隔膜不断施加压力，直到厚度不变，压力/压强出现指数上升拐点，则认为已完成数据收集，该应变-应力曲线的起始段斜率对应的是这个样品的压缩模量，由此得到不同目标样品的压缩模量。
根据本申请的一些实施例，隔膜50为海绵体基膜。
需要说明的是，“海绵体基膜”可以理解为类似海绵结构的薄膜，作为示例，海绵体基膜可以包括玻璃纤维、纳米纤维、聚乙烯、聚丙烯和无纺布中的至少之一。
根据本申请的一些实施例，隔膜50包括海绵体基膜14和涂层15，涂层15形成在海绵体基膜14的至少一侧，毛细管结构13设在海绵体基膜14中。
其中，为了进一步提高电池300的安全性能，参考图12和图13，隔膜50包括海绵体基膜14和涂层15，涂层15形成在海绵体基膜14的至少一侧，毛细管结构13设在海绵体基膜14中。作为示例，参考图12，涂层15形成在海绵体基膜14的一侧，第二开孔120设在涂层15上，第一开孔110设在海绵体基膜11的远离涂层15的一端。由此，通过采用包括毛细管结构13的海绵体基膜14，可以提高隔膜50的保液效果，并且在海绵体基膜14的一侧上设置涂层15，且在涂层15设置第二开孔120作为隔膜50的负极端12，可以显著提高隔膜50的耐穿刺性和耐高温性，提高电池300安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参考图13，涂层15形成在海绵体基膜14的两侧，第二开孔120设在位于负极端12的涂层15上，第一开孔110设在正极端11的涂层15上。由此， 通过采用包括毛细管结构13的海绵体基膜14，可以提高隔膜50的保液效果，并且在海绵体基膜14的双侧上均设置涂层15，可以显著提高隔膜50的耐高温性，提高电池300安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，涂层15可以包括无机颗粒涂层或凝胶电解质涂层，作为示例，无机颗粒涂层中采用的无机颗粒可以包括勃姆石(γ-AlOOH)、氧化铝(A12O3)、硫酸钡(BaSO4)、氧化镁(MgO)、氢氧化镁(Mg(OH)2)、二氧化硅(SiO2)、二氧化锡(SnO2)、氧化钛(TiO2)、氧化钙(CaO)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化锆(ZrO2)、氧化钇(Y2O3)、氧化镍(NiO)、氧化铈(CeO2)、钛酸锆(SrTiO3)、钛酸钡(BaTiO3)、氟化镁(MgF2)中的一种或几种。该类无机颗粒对隔膜50热收缩有良好的抑制作用，从而提高隔膜50的耐高温性和耐穿刺性。作为示例，凝胶电解质涂层中凝胶电解质可以包括聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、偏氟乙烯六氟丙烯共聚物[P(VDFHFP)]、聚氧化乙烯(PEO)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)等。
根据本申请的一些实施例，无机颗粒涂层的厚度为0.5μm-8μm，例如1μm-8μm，1.5μm-7.5μm，2μm-7μm，2.5μm-6.5μm，3μm-6μm，3.5μm-5.5μm，4μm-5μm。由此，可以提高隔膜50的耐高温性和耐穿刺性，提高电池300安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，凝胶电解质涂层的厚度为5μm-15μm，例如6μm-15μm，7μm-14μm，8μm-13μm，9μm-12μm，10μm-11μm。由此，可以提高隔膜50的耐高温性和耐穿刺性，提高电池300安全性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，上述无机颗粒涂层和凝胶电解质涂层中还可以包括粘结剂，作为示例，粘结剂可以为丁苯橡胶(SBR)、水性丙烯酸树脂(water-based acrylic resin)、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)及聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)中的一种或几种。
根据本申请的一些实施例，上述无机颗粒涂层和凝胶电解质涂层中还可以包括其他有机化合物，例如，可以包括改善耐热性的聚合物、分散剂、润湿剂以及其他种类的粘结剂等。本申请对上述其他有机化合物的种类没有特别的限制，可以选用任意公知的具有良好改善性能的材料。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参考图14，隔膜50包括沿其厚度方向层叠的第一隔离膜500、中部隔离膜600和第二隔离膜700，第一开孔110设在第一隔离膜500上，第二开孔120设在第二隔离膜700上。作为示例，中部隔离膜600的孔径大于第一开孔110的孔径或第二开孔120的孔径；和/或中部隔离膜600的孔隙率大于第一隔离膜500或第二隔离膜700中的孔隙率。由此，通过采用较大孔径和/或较大孔隙率的中部隔离膜600，可以存储更多电解液，从而在负极集流体20发生体积膨胀挤压负极集流体20与隔膜50之间电解液时，存 储在中部隔离膜600中电解液可以及时补充负极集流体20与隔膜50之间的电解液的不足。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一隔离膜500、中部隔离膜600和第二隔离膜700满足以下条件中的至少之一：
第一隔离膜500的孔隙率为30％-70％；
中部隔离膜600的孔径为30nm-1μm；
中部隔离膜600的孔隙率为40％-90％；
第二隔离膜700的孔隙率为30％-70％。
其中，中部隔离膜600的孔径为30nm-1μm，例如30nm-1μm，40nm-1μm，50nm-1μm，60nm-1μm，70nm-1μm，80nm-1μm，90nm-1μm，100nm-1μm，200nm-1μm，300nm-1μm，400nm-1μm，500nm-1μm，600nm-1μm，700nm-1μm，800nm-1μm，900nm-1μm。由此，满足该孔径的中部隔离膜600可以存储更多的电解液，从而可以及时补充负极集流体20与隔膜50之间的电解液的不足。
在一些实施方式中，第一隔离膜500的孔隙率为30％-70％，例如35％-70％，40％-70％，45％-70％，50％-70％，55％-70％，60％-70％，65％-70％；所述中部隔离膜600的孔隙率为40％-90％，例如45％-90％，50％-90％，55％-90％，60％-90％，65％-90％，70％-90％，75％-90％，80％-90％，85％-90％；第二隔离膜700的孔隙率为30％-70％，例如35％-70％，40％-70％，45％-70％，50％-70％，55％-70％，60％-70％，65％-70％。由此，满足该孔隙率的中部隔离膜600可以存储更多的电解液，从而可以及时补充负极集流体20与隔膜50之间的电解液的不足。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一隔离膜500、中部隔离膜600和第二隔离膜700的孔隙率测试可以通过气体置换法进行确定。具体的，可以参考GB/T24586-2009，通过下列步骤确定：将隔膜浸渍于碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)中清洗，利用气体置换法测定。其中，隔膜中的孔体积占隔膜总体积的百分比即为隔膜孔隙率，计算公式：孔隙率＝(V-V0)/V×100％，其中V0为真体积，V为表观体积。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池单体200，包括上述实施例的电极组件100。其中，电池单体200还可以包括外壳201，电极组件100安装于外壳201内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种电池300，包括上述实施例的电池单体200。其中，电池300还可以包括箱体301，电池单体200安装于箱体301内。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置400，包括上述实施例的电池300。电池300用于为用电装置400提供电能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，参见图4所示，本申请提供了一种电极组件100，电极组件100包括隔膜50、正极片10和负极集流体20，隔膜50、正极片10和负极集流体20沿第一方向堆叠，正极片10和负极集流体20之间设置有隔膜50，隔膜50将正极片10和负极 集流体20间隔开，负极集流体20包括基材组件30，基材组件30具有弹性层32和多个基材层31，多个基材层31沿第一方向堆叠，相邻两个基材层31之间设置有弹性层32。
其中，图4实施例中的电极组件100和图5中的电极组件100区别在于：图4中的负极集流体20外表面未设置负极活性物质层40，图5中的负极集流体20外表面设置负极活性物质层40。图6实施例中的基材组件30和图7中的基材组件30区别在于：图6实施例中的基材组件30的弹性层32一侧设置有基材层31，图7实施例中的基材组件30的弹性层32两侧均设置有基材层31，弹性层32设置在两个基材层31之间。图7实施例中的基材组件30和图8中的基材组件30区别在于：图8中的基材组件30外表面设置有负极活性物质层40。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种电极组件，其特征在于，包括：
    正极片和负极集流体，所述正极片和所述负极集流体沿第一方向堆叠，所述正极片和所述负极集流体中的至少一个包括基材组件，所述基材组件具有基材层和弹性层，所述基材层和相应的所述弹性层沿所述第一方向堆叠。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述基材层的至少一侧设有所述弹性层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述基材组件具有多个所述基材层，多个所述基材层沿所述第一方向堆叠，至少相邻两个所述基材层间设置有所述弹性层。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述弹性层与邻接的所述基材层连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述弹性层与邻接的所述基材层粘接固定。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述基材层具有第一侧表面，所述弹性层具有第二侧表面，所述第一侧表面与相应的所述第二侧表面抵接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一侧表面和所述第二侧表面均构造为平面。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述基材层的正投影位于所述弹性层的正投影内。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述负极集流体的外表面具有负极活性物质层。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述弹性层为高分子聚合物。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述基材层的厚度占所述基材组件总厚度的5％-80％，所述弹性层的厚度占所述基材组件总厚度的20％-95％。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述弹性层初始厚度为D1，所述弹性层被压缩后的厚度为D2，满足关系式：0.1≤1-D2/D1≤0.95。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述弹性层具有减重结构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述减重结构为减重孔和/或减重槽。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件还包括：隔膜，所述隔膜设置在所述正极片和所述负极集流体之间以间隔所述正极片和所述负极集流体。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电极组件，其特征在于，在所述隔膜的厚度方向，所述隔膜具有正极端和负极端，所述正极端靠近所述正极片设置，所述负极端靠近所述负极集流体设置，所述正极端设有多个第一开孔，所述负极端设有多个第二开孔，所述第一开孔的孔径大于所述第二开孔的孔径。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一开孔的孔径为20nm-1000μm，优选50nm-500μm。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第二开孔的孔径为20nm-500μm，优选50nm-100μm。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的电极组件，其特征在于，沿着所述负极端到所述正极端的方向，所述隔膜中开孔的孔径依次增大。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔膜内沿其高度方向设有毛细管结构，并且所述毛细管结构的一端与所述隔膜的最下端平齐。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述毛细管结构的长度H1≥70％H2，其中，H2为所述隔膜的高度。
  22. 根据权利要求15所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔膜的压缩模量为5％-95％。
  23. 根据权利要求15所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔膜为海绵体基膜。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔膜包括海绵体基膜和涂层，所述涂层形成在所述海绵体基膜的至少一侧，所述毛细管结构设在所述海绵体基膜中。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述海绵体基膜包括玻璃纤维、纳米纤维、聚乙烯、聚丙烯和无纺布中的至少之一。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述涂层形成在所述海绵体基膜的一侧，所述第二开孔设在所述涂层上，所述第一开孔设在所述海绵体基膜的远离所述涂层的一端。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述涂层形成在所述海绵体基膜的两侧，所述第二开孔设在位于所述负极端的所述涂层上，所述第一开孔设在所述正极端的所述涂层上。
  28. 根据权利要求16所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述隔膜包括沿其厚度方向层叠的第一隔离膜、中部隔离膜和第二隔离膜，所述第一开孔设在所述第一隔离膜上，所述第二开孔设在所述第二隔离膜上。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述中部隔离膜的孔径大于所述第一开孔的孔径或所述第二开孔的孔径；和/或
    所述中部隔离膜的孔隙率大于所述第一隔离膜或所述第二隔离膜中的孔隙率。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述第一隔离膜、所述中部隔离膜和所述第二隔离膜满足以下条件中的至少之一：
    所述第一隔离膜的孔隙率为30％-70％；
    所述中部隔离膜的孔径为30nm-1μm；
    所述中部隔离膜的孔隙率为40％-90％；
    所述第二隔离膜的孔隙率为30％-70％。
  31. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-30中任一项所述的电极组件。
  32. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求31所述的电池单体。
  33. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求32所述的电池。
PCT/CN2023/078412 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置 Ceased WO2024178535A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23924516.0A EP4553929A4 (en) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 ELECTRODE SET, BATTERY ELEMENT, BATTERY AND ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE
JP2025512820A JP2025528471A (ja) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 電極アセンブリ、電池セル、電池及び電力消費装置
PCT/CN2023/078412 WO2024178535A1 (zh) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
KR1020257006330A KR20250036936A (ko) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 전극 조립체, 전지 셀, 전지 및 전기 장치
CN202380056851.5A CN119678266A (zh) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置
US19/185,971 US20250246695A1 (en) 2023-02-27 2025-04-22 Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery, and electrical device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2023/078412 WO2024178535A1 (zh) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US19/185,971 Continuation US20250246695A1 (en) 2023-02-27 2025-04-22 Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery, and electrical device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024178535A1 true WO2024178535A1 (zh) 2024-09-06

Family

ID=92589040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/078412 Ceased WO2024178535A1 (zh) 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 电极组件、电池单体、电池以及用电装置

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20250246695A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4553929A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP2025528471A (zh)
KR (1) KR20250036936A (zh)
CN (1) CN119678266A (zh)
WO (1) WO2024178535A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120033313A (zh) * 2025-04-22 2025-05-23 深圳市汉嵙新材料技术有限公司 基于导电复合集流体的镁金属电池和用电装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118249045A (zh) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-25 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 隔离膜、电池和用电设备

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101533903A (zh) * 2003-11-05 2009-09-16 索尼株式会社 阳极和电池
CN103326029A (zh) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-25 深圳市海太阳实业有限公司 负极极片、正极极片以及锂离子电池
CN108155387A (zh) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-12 华为技术有限公司 一种弹性集流体及其制备方法、电池电极极片和柔性锂离子电池
CN111433941A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2020-07-17 日立化成株式会社 铅蓄电池用隔膜和铅蓄电池
CN112447936A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 一种负极极片及其锂二次电池
CN113169313A (zh) * 2018-12-06 2021-07-23 荷兰应用自然科学研究组织Tno 包括弹性可压缩功能层的电池及其制造工艺
CN113809334A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-17 上海电气国轩新能源科技有限公司 锂离子电池集流体、极片、锂离子电池及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3786276B2 (ja) * 2003-11-05 2006-06-14 ソニー株式会社 負極および電池
US20110318629A1 (en) * 2010-06-25 2011-12-29 Ho Marvin C Separator for lead acid battery
CN103283080B (zh) * 2011-03-08 2016-01-20 株式会社杰士汤浅国际 液式铅蓄电池和电池系统
JP6167726B2 (ja) * 2013-07-25 2017-07-26 日産自動車株式会社 非水電解質二次電池用セパレータおよびこれを含む非水電解質二次電池
JP2021061143A (ja) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-15 住友化学株式会社 非水電解液二次電池用セパレータ、非水電解液二次電池用部材および非水電解液二次電池
KR102820741B1 (ko) * 2020-10-30 2025-06-13 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 전극 구조체, 이를 포함하는 바이폴라 전고체 이차전지 및 상기 전극 구조체의 제조방법
US20220302463A1 (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-09-22 Prologium Technology Co., Ltd. Electrode assembly and its battery device thereof
JP7285878B2 (ja) * 2021-05-13 2023-06-02 プライムプラネットエナジー＆ソリューションズ株式会社 二次電池、電池モジュールおよび二次電池の製造方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101533903A (zh) * 2003-11-05 2009-09-16 索尼株式会社 阳极和电池
CN103326029A (zh) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-25 深圳市海太阳实业有限公司 负极极片、正极极片以及锂离子电池
CN108155387A (zh) * 2016-12-06 2018-06-12 华为技术有限公司 一种弹性集流体及其制备方法、电池电极极片和柔性锂离子电池
CN111433941A (zh) * 2017-12-05 2020-07-17 日立化成株式会社 铅蓄电池用隔膜和铅蓄电池
CN113169313A (zh) * 2018-12-06 2021-07-23 荷兰应用自然科学研究组织Tno 包括弹性可压缩功能层的电池及其制造工艺
CN112447936A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-05 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 一种负极极片及其锂二次电池
CN113809334A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-17 上海电气国轩新能源科技有限公司 锂离子电池集流体、极片、锂离子电池及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4553929A4 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN120033313A (zh) * 2025-04-22 2025-05-23 深圳市汉嵙新材料技术有限公司 基于导电复合集流体的镁金属电池和用电装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4553929A4 (en) 2026-01-14
EP4553929A1 (en) 2025-05-14
CN119678266A (zh) 2025-03-21
JP2025528471A (ja) 2025-08-28
US20250246695A1 (en) 2025-07-31
KR20250036936A (ko) 2025-03-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR101760198B1 (ko) 비수전해질 이차 전지
CN105103341B (zh) 非水电解质二次电池
US20250246695A1 (en) Electrode assembly, battery cell, battery, and electrical device
KR101799173B1 (ko) 비수전해질 이차 전지
CN217361642U (zh) 电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备
CN103959536B (zh) 电极组件以及包含所述电极组件的锂二次电池
CN115939492B (zh) 电化学装置以及用电装置
CN118198677A (zh) 电极组件及其制造方法、电池单体、电池和用电装置
CN114725388B (zh) 电化学装置以及电子装置
WO2023221606A1 (zh) 集流体、极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN220774471U (zh) 一种电池单体、电池和用电装置
CN220914517U (zh) 电极片、电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN105103363B (zh) 非水电解质二次电池
WO2023184399A1 (zh) 一种电化学装置及电子设备
CN116960261A (zh) 极片及其制备方法、电极组件、电池单体、电池、用电设备
CN221447436U (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN220155706U (zh) 连接构件、电池单体、电池和用电装置
WO2024250635A1 (zh) 电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电设备
CN116683062A (zh) 卷绕式电极组件、电池单体、电池和用电装置
CN115939324A (zh) 负极片、电池单体、电池及用电设备
CN221486589U (zh) 电极组件、电池单体、电池及用电装置
CN221102182U (zh) 漏液检测设备、电池的箱体、电池、用电设备和储能设备
CN219350620U (zh) 电池单体、电池以及用电装置
CN221861770U (zh) 电池单体、电池、用电设备及储能装置
CN221747304U (zh) 一种卷绕式电芯及电化学装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23924516

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202380056851.5

Country of ref document: CN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2023924516

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2023924516

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20250206

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20257006330

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1020257006330

Country of ref document: KR

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2025512820

Country of ref document: JP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1020257006330

Country of ref document: KR

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 202380056851.5

Country of ref document: CN

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2023924516

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE