WO2024178536A1 - 电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024178536A1
WO2024178536A1 PCT/CN2023/078416 CN2023078416W WO2024178536A1 WO 2024178536 A1 WO2024178536 A1 WO 2024178536A1 CN 2023078416 W CN2023078416 W CN 2023078416W WO 2024178536 A1 WO2024178536 A1 WO 2024178536A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
battery
groove
along
insulating member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/078416
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龙超
陈兴地
王鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2023/078416 priority Critical patent/WO2024178536A1/zh
Priority to EP23924517.8A priority patent/EP4546530A4/en
Priority to CN202380051238.4A priority patent/CN119487680A/zh
Publication of WO2024178536A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024178536A1/zh
Priority to US19/060,826 priority patent/US12519192B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US19/405,657 priority patent/US20260088472A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/668—Means for preventing spilling of liquid or electrolyte, e.g. when the battery is tilted or turned over
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/691—Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings; Cleaning battery or cell casings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, and more specifically, to a battery and an electrical device.
  • Batteries are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and electric tools, etc.
  • Battery cells can include nickel-cadmium battery cells, nickel-hydrogen battery cells, lithium-ion battery cells, and secondary alkaline zinc-manganese battery cells, etc.
  • the present application provides a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the reliability of the battery.
  • a battery provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a busbar and an insulating member;
  • the battery cell includes a shell and an electrode terminal, the shell has a first wall, and the electrode terminal is arranged on the first wall;
  • the busbar is electrically connected to the electrode terminal;
  • the insulating member is arranged on a side of the busbar facing the electrode terminal and covers at least a portion of the first wall, and the insulating member has a first groove that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall.
  • the insulating part is arranged on the side of the busbar facing the electrode terminal, and the insulating part has a first groove that is recessed in the direction away from the first wall.
  • the insulating member has a second wall facing one side of the first wall, the second wall is arranged around at least a portion of the circumference of the first groove, and the second wall is arranged obliquely in a direction close to the first wall from the circumference of the first groove to the outside.
  • the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, the insulating member is provided with a plurality of first grooves, and the first wall of each battery cell is arranged opposite to at least one first groove. In this way, the electrolyte leaked from the connection between the first wall of each battery cell and the electrode terminal can flow into the opposite first groove along a relatively close path. The risk of high-voltage short circuit inside the battery caused by the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars is further reduced.
  • At least two first grooves are correspondingly arranged on the first wall, and the at least two first grooves include two first grooves respectively arranged diagonally to the first wall.
  • At least four first grooves are correspondingly arranged on the first wall, and the at least four first grooves include four first grooves respectively arranged corresponding to two pairs of diagonal corners of the first wall. In the case where the battery is tilted, it is beneficial to further improve the smoothness of the electrolyte flowing into the first grooves and further reduce the possibility of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars.
  • the first groove has a first drainage hole, and the first drainage hole is set through the bottom wall of the first groove.
  • the electrolyte in the first groove can be discharged in time through the first drainage hole, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery.
  • the first groove has a first side wall extending along the first direction and a second side wall extending along the second direction, the first side wall is connected to the second side wall, and the first side wall and the second side wall are both connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall of the first groove; the dimension of the first side wall along the thickness direction of the first wall is h1, the minimum spacing between the edge of the first drainage hole and the first side wall along the second direction is w1, w1 ⁇ 5.67h1; and/or, the dimension of the second side wall along the thickness direction of the first wall is h2, the minimum spacing between the edge of the first drainage hole and the second side wall along the first direction is w2, w2 ⁇ 2.74h2; wherein the first direction, the second direction and the thickness direction of the first wall intersect each other.
  • the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell can still be discharged through the first drainage hole, which is beneficial to reduce the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars when the battery is tilted.
  • the first groove has a plurality of first drainage holes, and the plurality of first drainage holes are arranged at intervals. This is conducive to increasing the rate of electrolyte discharge in the first groove, and when the bottom wall of the first groove is inclined relative to the horizontal direction, the electrolyte can be discharged through the first drainage holes at a lower position after the inclination, which is further conducive to timely discharge of the electrolyte in the first groove and reduces the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars.
  • At least one first drainage hole is disposed at a corner of the first groove.
  • the first drainage hole is located at a lower position of the first groove, which is conducive to timely discharge of electrolyte in the first groove through the first drainage hole.
  • the insulating member further has a guide groove, which is connected to the first groove.
  • the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell drips onto the insulating member and can first flow into the guide groove and then flow into the first groove through the guide groove. In this way, the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell can flow into the first groove more promptly.
  • the battery cell further includes a pressure relief mechanism, which is disposed on the first wall, and at least part of the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the insulating member along the thickness direction of the first wall is located in the guide groove.
  • the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the insulating member is located in the guide groove, and the minimum spacing between the edge of the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the insulating member and the side wall of the guide groove is a, and along the thickness direction of the first wall, the minimum spacing between the pressure relief mechanism and the guide groove is h3, a ⁇ 0.36h3.
  • the guide groove is recessed in a direction away from the first wall, and along the thickness direction of the first wall, the size of the guide groove is less than or equal to the size of the first groove.
  • the bottom wall of the first groove is lower than the bottom wall of the guide groove, so that the electrolyte in the guide groove flows into the first groove more smoothly.
  • the first wall has a liquid injection port, which is used to inject electrolyte into the housing, and along the thickness direction of the first wall, at least part of the positive projection of the liquid injection port on the insulating member is located in the guide groove. In this way, the electrolyte leaked through the liquid injection port can flow into the first groove in time through the guide groove.
  • the battery cell further includes a pressure relief mechanism, which is disposed on the first wall, and the insulating member has a second groove that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall, and at least a portion of the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the insulating member along the thickness direction of the first wall is located in the second groove.
  • a pressure relief mechanism which is disposed on the first wall
  • the insulating member has a second groove that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall, and at least a portion of the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism on the insulating member along the thickness direction of the first wall is located in the second groove.
  • the second groove has a second drainage hole, and the second drainage hole is set through the bottom wall of the second groove.
  • the electrolyte in the second groove is discharged in time, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery.
  • the insulating member further has a connecting flow channel, which connects the first groove and the second groove.
  • the first groove and the second groove can accommodate more electrolyte, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars.
  • the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells are arranged along a first direction, the insulating member has at least one first blocking protrusion, the first blocking protrusion extends along a second direction and is located on a side of the insulating member close to the first wall, the second direction intersects with the first direction; the first blocking protrusion is located between two first grooves corresponding to the first walls of two battery cells adjacent to each other along the first direction.
  • a plurality of battery cells are arranged in a matrix along a first direction and a second direction
  • the insulating member has at least one second blocking protrusion
  • the second blocking protrusion extends along the first direction and is located on a side of the insulating member close to the first wall, and the second blocking protrusion intersects with the first blocking protrusion;
  • the second blocking protrusion is located between two first grooves corresponding to the first walls of two adjacent battery cells along the second direction.
  • the second blocking protrusion can be used to limit the flow of electrolyte along the second direction, which is conducive to further reducing the possibility of electrolyte leaking from the battery cell electrically connecting two adjacent busbars, and further improving the reliability of the battery.
  • the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells are arranged in a matrix along a first direction and a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction intersect; the battery also includes at least one insulating spacer, the insulating spacer extends along the first direction, and the insulating spacer is arranged between two adjacent busbars along the second direction.
  • the insulating spacer can be used to achieve insulation isolation of two adjacent busbars along the second direction, which is beneficial to increase the creepage distance of the two adjacent busbars, reduce the risk of mutual electrical connection between the two, and improve the reliability of the battery.
  • the insulating spacer abuts against the first wall of the battery cell and/or the insulating member, which is beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the battery, and the insulating spacer can further improve the insulation effect of two adjacent busbars.
  • the insulating spacer abuts against the first walls of two battery cells adjacent to each other along the second direction. In this way, the amount of the insulating spacer is reduced and the weight of the battery is reduced, while the insulating spacer is used to achieve insulation isolation of the electrode terminals and other structures of the two adjacent battery cells.
  • the battery further includes a protective member, which is disposed on a side of the insulating spacer away from the battery cell, and the insulating spacer abuts against the protective member. This can increase the electrical clearance and creepage distance inside the battery, which is beneficial to further improve the reliability of the battery, and the insulating spacer can also increase the overall structural strength of the battery.
  • the gap between the protective member and the busbar is used as a deformation avoidance space for the protective member, which has a certain buffering effect on the deformation of the protective member, reduces the risk of external impact or vibration loads damaging the busbar, and has a certain protective effect on the busbar.
  • the electrode terminals of the battery cells are arranged downward along the direction of gravity, which is conducive to the electrolyte flowing into the first groove in a timely manner.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including a battery as in any embodiment of the first aspect, the battery is used to provide electrical energy, and the first wall of the battery cell is arranged downward along the direction of gravity.
  • the electrical device provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first groove can be used to store the electrolyte, thereby reducing the possibility of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars inside the battery and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the electrical device.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module in a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a battery cell in a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating member in a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a partial enlarged view of point A in FIG6;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another insulating member in a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG9 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application with some structures omitted;
  • FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another insulating member in a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a partial enlarged view of point B in FIG11;
  • FIG13 is a front view of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure along line C-C of Fig. 13;
  • FIG15 is a partial enlarged view of point D in FIG14;
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an insulating member in a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a partial enlarged view of point E in FIG. 16 .
  • 50 insulating member; 50a, first groove; 50b, first drainage hole; 50c, guide groove; 50d, second groove; 50e, connecting flow channel; 51d, second drainage hole; 51, second wall; 52, first blocking protrusion; 53, second blocking protrusion; 54, first side wall; 55, second side wall
  • M first direction
  • N second direction
  • O thickness direction
  • battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. Battery cells are generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery generally includes a box for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • a battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator.
  • a battery cell mainly works by the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer.
  • the positive active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive current collector.
  • the positive current collector includes a positive current collector and a positive convex portion protruding from the positive current collector.
  • the positive current collector is coated with the positive active material layer. At least part of the positive convex portion is not coated with the positive active material layer.
  • the positive convex portion serves as a positive electrode ear.
  • the material of the positive current collector may be aluminum.
  • the positive active material layer includes a positive active material.
  • the positive active material may be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganese oxide, etc.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector;
  • the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode protrusion protruding from the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode current collector is coated with a negative electrode active material layer, at least part of the negative electrode protrusion is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode protrusion serves as a negative electrode tab.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc.
  • the number of positive electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together, and the number of negative electrode tabs is multiple and stacked together.
  • the material of the separator may be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc.
  • the electrode assembly may be a winding structure or a laminated structure, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the battery cells are connected by busbars.
  • the series-parallel connections between the two busbars are realized, and the outer shell of the busbar or the battery cell is insulated and isolated from other structures inside the battery, such as the wiring harness, by insulating parts.
  • the number of cycles of the battery cell inside the battery gradually increases.
  • the electrolyte inside the battery cell is prone to leakage and accumulates on the insulating parts inside the battery.
  • the problem of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars is prone to occur, which brings the risk of high-voltage short circuit to the battery, thus seriously affecting the reliability of the battery.
  • the inventors have improved the structure of the battery.
  • the technical solution described in the embodiments of the present application is applicable to batteries and electrical devices using batteries.
  • the battery provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a busbar and an insulating member, wherein the battery cell includes a housing and an electrode terminal, the housing has a first wall, and the electrode terminal is arranged on the first wall.
  • the busbar is electrically connected to the electrode terminal, the insulating member is arranged on a side of the busbar facing the electrode terminal and covers at least a portion of the first wall, and the insulating member has a first groove that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with an insulating member having a first groove that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall of the battery cell.
  • the electrolyte can be accommodated by the first groove.
  • the electrolyte flows to and is accommodated in the first groove, which can effectively reduce the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery, thereby improving the reliability of the battery.
  • the electrical device may be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a laptop computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, an electric tool, and the like.
  • the vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, and the like;
  • the spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like;
  • the electric toy includes a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the like;
  • the electric tool includes a metal cutting electric tool, a grinding electric tool, an assembly electric tool, and an electric tool for railways, such as an electric drill, an electric grinder, an electric wrench, an electric screwdriver, an electric hammer, an impact drill, a concrete vibrator, and an electric planer, and the like.
  • a battery 10 is provided inside the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 may be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1, for example, the battery 10 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1.
  • the vehicle 1 may further include a controller 1b and a motor 1a.
  • the controller 1b is used to control the battery 10 to supply power to the motor 1a, for example, to meet the power requirements of the vehicle 1 during starting, navigation and driving.
  • the battery 10 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 10 includes a battery cell (not shown in FIG2 ).
  • the battery 10 may also include a box for accommodating the battery cell.
  • the box is used to accommodate the battery cells, and the box can be in various structural forms.
  • the box can include a first box portion 11 and a second box portion 12.
  • the first box portion 11 and the second box portion 12 cover each other.
  • the first box portion 11 and the second box portion 12 together define a storage space for accommodating the battery cells.
  • the second box portion 12 It can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first box body 11 is a plate-like structure, and the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12 to form a box with a storage space; the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open.
  • the open side of the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12 to form a box with a storage space.
  • the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can be in a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • a sealing member such as a sealant, a sealing ring, etc., may be further provided between the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 .
  • the first box body portion 11 covers the second box body portion 12
  • the first box body portion 11 can also be referred to as an upper box cover
  • the second box body portion 12 can also be referred to as a lower box body.
  • the battery 10 there can be one or more battery cells. If there are more than one battery cell, the battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. The battery cells can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the battery cells can be accommodated in the box. Alternatively, the battery cells can be first connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a battery module 20. The battery modules 20 are then connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and then accommodated in the box.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module 20 shown in FIG2.
  • the battery module 20 there are multiple battery cells 30.
  • the multiple battery cells 30 are first connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed series to form the battery module 20.
  • the multiple battery modules 20 are then connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed series to form a whole, and are accommodated in the box.
  • the multiple battery cells 30 in the battery module 20 may be electrically connected via a busbar 40 to achieve parallel connection, series connection, or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells 30 in the battery module 20 .
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell 30 shown in Fig. 3.
  • the battery cell 30 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly 32 and a shell 31, wherein the shell 31 has a receiving cavity, and the electrode assembly 32 is received in the receiving cavity.
  • the housing 31 may include a shell 311 and an end cap 312, wherein the shell 311 is a hollow structure with one side open, and the end cap 312 covers the opening 311a of the shell 311 and forms a sealed connection to form a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 32 and the electrolyte.
  • the electrode assembly 32 When assembling the battery cell 30 , the electrode assembly 32 may be placed in the housing 311 first, the end cap 312 may be closed on the opening 311 a of the housing 311 , and then the electrolyte may be injected into the housing 311 through the electrolyte injection port on the end cap 312 .
  • the housing 31 may also be used to contain electrolyte, such as electrolyte.
  • the housing 31 may be in various structural forms.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the shell 311 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.
  • the shape of the shell 311 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 32. For example, if the electrode assembly 32 is a cylindrical structure, the shell 311 can be selected as a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 32 is a cuboid structure, the shell 311 can be selected as a cuboid structure. In FIG. 4, illustratively, the shell 311 and the electrode assembly 32 are both cuboid structures.
  • the shell 311 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this.
  • the electrode assembly 32 contained in the housing 311 may be one or more. There are two electrode assemblies 32 in 311 .
  • the electrode assembly 32 further includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 32 may be a wound structure formed by winding the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the electrode assembly 32 may also be a stacked structure formed by stacking the positive electrode sheet, the separator, and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the positive electrode sheet may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the separator is between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and is used to isolate the positive electrode sheet from the negative electrode sheet to reduce the risk of short circuit between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the tabs in the electrode assembly 32 are divided into positive tabs and negative tabs.
  • the positive tabs may be the portion of the positive current collector that is not coated with the positive active material layer.
  • the negative tabs may be the portion of the negative current collector that is not coated with the negative active material layer.
  • the battery 10 provided according to the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 30, a busbar 40 and an insulating member 50.
  • the battery cell 30 includes a housing 31 and an electrode terminal 33.
  • the housing 31 has a first wall 31a, and the electrode terminal 33 is disposed on the first wall 31a.
  • the busbar 40 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 33.
  • the insulating member 50 is disposed on a side of the busbar 40 facing the electrode terminal 33 and covers at least a portion of the first wall 31a.
  • the insulating member 50 has a first groove 50a that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a.
  • the electrode terminal 33 can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 32 in the housing 31 of the battery cell 30 to realize the cyclic charge and discharge of the electrode assembly 32.
  • the electrode terminal 33 is set on the first wall 31a, and the electrode terminal 33 can be connected to the first wall 31a of the housing 31 by welding or riveting.
  • the electrode terminal 33 of the battery cell 30 is set downward along the direction of gravity, and the electrolyte inside the battery cell 30 is easy to leak through the connection between the electrode terminal 33 and the first wall 31a and drip on the insulating member 50.
  • the housing 31 has a shell 311 and an end cover 312 , and the first wall 31 a may be a part of the shell 311 , or the first wall 31 a is at least a part of the end cover 312 .
  • the battery cell 30 may also have a pressure relief mechanism 34, which may be used to explode when the pressure inside the battery cell 30 reaches a pressure relief threshold, and allow the gas inside the battery cell 30 to be discharged.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 34 may be provided on the first wall 31a, or the pressure relief mechanism 34 may also be provided on other walls of the housing 31 that are opposite to or adjacent to the first wall 31a, which may be selected according to actual needs.
  • the housing 31 of the battery cell 30 may also have a liquid injection port 35, and during the manufacturing process of the battery cell 30, the electrolyte is injected into the battery cell 30 through the liquid injection port 35.
  • the liquid injection port 35 may be provided on the first wall 31a, or the liquid injection port 35 may be provided on other wall portions of the housing 31 adjacent to or opposite to the first wall 31a, which may be selected according to actual needs.
  • the busbar 40 is electrically connected to the electrode terminals 33 , and the busbar 40 can connect the electrode terminals 33 of any two battery cells 30 to achieve series connection or parallel connection between the plurality of battery cells 30 .
  • the insulating member 50 is disposed on the side of the busbar 40 facing the electrode terminal 33 and covers at least a portion of the first wall 31a, and the insulating member 50 covers at least a portion of the busbar 40 and the first wall 31a. Exemplarily, the insulating member 50 covers the entire area of the first wall 31a to reduce the risk of short circuit between the first wall 31a or the busbar 40 and other electrical structures inside the battery 10.
  • the insulating member 50 may be a wiring harness isolation plate inside the battery 10 to insulate the first wall 31 a of the battery cell 30 and the busbar 40 from electrical structures such as wiring harnesses on the other side of the insulating member 50 .
  • the insulating member 50 has a first groove 50a recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a.
  • the first groove 50a can be formed by injection molding or stamping, or by removing material such as cutting or milling.
  • the first groove 50a When the electrode terminal 33 of the battery cell 30 is placed downward along the gravity direction, the first groove 50a is recessed downward along the gravity direction relative to other areas on the side of the insulating member 50 facing the first wall 31a, so that when the electrolyte inside the battery cell 30 leaks and drips on the side of the insulating member 50 facing the first wall 31a under the action of gravity, it can drip or flow into the first groove 50a under the action of gravity.
  • the first grooves 50a can accommodate enough electrolyte within the working life of the battery 10 to reduce the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery 10.
  • the insulating member 50 may be provided with enough or large enough first grooves 50a to accommodate all electrolyte leaked from the battery cells 30 during the life cycle of the battery 10, or related drainage channels may be provided to timely discharge the electrolyte in the first grooves 50a.
  • the insulating member 50 may have one first groove 50a, or may have multiple first grooves 50a.
  • the insulating member 50 may be provided with a first groove 50a in an area opposite to each battery cell 30 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a, or the insulating member 50 may be provided with a first groove 50a in an area opposite to some battery cells 30 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a.
  • At least a portion of the current collector 40 may be disposed in the first groove 50 a , and the first groove 50 a may provide a certain limiting effect for the current collector 40 .
  • the first wall 31 a of one battery cell 30 may be disposed opposite to one first groove 50 a along the thickness direction O, or the first wall 31 a of one battery cell 30 may be disposed opposite to two or more first grooves 50 a along the thickness direction O.
  • the first groove 50 a may be disposed opposite to at least a portion of the current bus 40 along the thickness direction O, or the orthographic projection of the current bus 40 along the thickness direction O on the insulating member 50 may be staggered with the first groove 50 a.
  • the insulating member 50 is arranged on the side of the bus 40 facing the electrode terminal 33, and the area where the insulating member 50 is opposite to the bus 40 can be arranged in a straight line with other areas, or, the area where the insulating member 50 is opposite to the bus 40 is recessed relative to other areas along the direction facing the first wall 31a, so that the insulating member 50 is located between the bus 40 and the electrode terminal 33, and facilitates the electrical connection between the bus 40 and the electrode terminal 33, while allowing a certain gap between the insulating member 50 and the first wall 31a.
  • the insulating member 50 is arranged on the side of the busbar 40 facing the electrode terminal 33, and the insulating member 50 has a first groove 50a that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a.
  • the first groove 50a can be used to accommodate the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30, reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery 10. This is conducive to improving the reliability of the battery 10.
  • the insulating member 50 has a second wall 51 facing the first wall 31a.
  • the second wall 51 surrounds at least a portion of the circumference of the first groove 50a. From the circumference of the first groove 50a to the outside, the second wall 51 is inclined in a direction close to the first wall 31a.
  • the second wall 51 may be arranged to be inclined in a plane, or may be arranged to be inclined along a curved surface, which can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the second wall 51 of the insulating member 50 is disposed toward the first wall 31a of the housing 31, and the second wall 51 is disposed around at least a portion of the circumference of the first groove 50a.
  • the second wall 51 may be disposed around all or a portion of the circumference of the first groove 50a. From the circumference of the second wall 51 to the outside, the second wall 51 is inclined in a direction close to the first wall 31a, that is, the farther the second wall 51 is from the first groove 50a, the closer it is to the first wall 31a. In this way, when the electrode terminal 33 of the battery cell 30 is disposed downward along the direction of gravity, the first groove 50a is at the lowest position of the insulating member 50 along the direction of gravity. After the electrolyte in the battery cell 30 drips onto the second wall 51, it slides down toward the first groove 50a along the second wall 51 under the action of gravity, and finally flows into the first groove 50a.
  • the second wall 51 of the insulating part 50 is inclined in a direction close to the first wall 31a, which is conducive to the timely and rapid flow of electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 into the first groove 50a, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40, and improving the reliability of the battery 10.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 30 , the insulating member 50 is provided with a plurality of first grooves 50 a , and the first wall 31 a of each battery cell 30 is disposed opposite to the first groove 50 a .
  • the first wall 31a of each battery cell 30 may be disposed opposite to one, two or more first grooves 50a.
  • the first groove 50a may be disposed opposite to any area of the first wall 31a, and may be selected according to actual needs.
  • At least part of the first wall 31a of each battery cell 30 is arranged opposite to the insulating member 50 along the thickness direction O, and at least part of the positive projection of the first wall 31a of each battery cell 30 along the thickness direction O on the first wall 31a is located in the first groove 50a.
  • the electrolyte leaking from the connection between the first wall 31a of each battery cell 30 and the electrode terminal 33 can flow into the corresponding first groove 50a along a shorter path, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery 10.
  • the first wall 31 a is correspondingly provided with at least two first grooves 50 a
  • the at least two first grooves 50 a include two first grooves 50 a respectively provided corresponding to the diagonals of the first wall 31 a .
  • the first wall 31 a is correspondingly provided with at least two first grooves 50 a , and one first wall 31 a is arranged opposite to two, three or more first grooves 50 a along the thickness direction O.
  • At least two first grooves 50a include two first grooves 50a respectively arranged corresponding to the diagonals of the first wall 31a. Then, the area where the insulating member 50 is opposite to the first wall 31a of the battery cell 30 has diagonals arranged oppositely. At least two first grooves 50a are located in the diagonal area where the insulating member 50 is opposite to the first wall 31a, that is, at least two first grooves 50a are arranged corresponding to the two diagonals opposite to the first wall 31a.
  • the first wall 31a has a first side extending along the first direction M and a second side extending along the second direction N, the first side and the second side are arranged to intersect, and at least one first groove 50a is located in the area enclosed by the intersection of the first side and the second side, and is arranged near the intersection of the two.
  • at least two first grooves 50a are arranged diagonally, and one of the two first grooves 50a is located on one side of the first direction M and one side of the second direction N relative to the first wall 31a, and the other is located on the other side of the first direction M and the second direction N relative to the first wall 31a.
  • the other side of the second direction N that is, the at least two first grooves 50a are not arranged along the first direction M or the second direction N, but are arranged along directions intersecting the first direction M and the second direction N respectively.
  • the first wall 31a or the insulating member 50 is not always in a horizontal state, and there is a possibility that it is tilted.
  • At least two first grooves 50a are provided, including two first grooves 50a respectively corresponding to the diagonals of the first wall 31a.
  • the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 can flow into the corresponding first groove 50a, thereby further improving the smoothness of the electrolyte flowing into the first groove 50a and reducing the possibility of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40.
  • At least four first grooves 50a are correspondingly disposed on the first wall 31a, and the at least four first grooves 50a include four first grooves 50a respectively disposed corresponding to two pairs of diagonal corners of the first wall 31a.
  • the four first grooves 50a are arranged diagonally intersecting in pairs along the first direction M and the second direction N. Two of the first grooves 50a are arranged opposite to two diagonal positions of the first wall 31a, and the other two first grooves 50a are arranged opposite to the other two diagonal positions of the first wall 31a, that is, the four first grooves 50a are respectively arranged opposite to the four diagonal positions of the first wall 31a.
  • Such a configuration is beneficial to further improve the smoothness of the electrolyte flowing into the first groove 50 a when the battery 10 is tilted, and further reduce the possibility of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 .
  • the first groove 50a has a first drainage hole 50b, and the first drainage hole 50b is disposed through the bottom wall of the first groove 50a.
  • the bottom wall of the first groove 50a is the wall portion of the first groove 50a that is opposite to the first wall 31a along the thickness direction O.
  • the first drainage hole 50b penetrates the bottom wall of the first groove 50a, so that the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 can flow out through the first drainage hole 50b after flowing into the first groove 50a, and the electrolyte can be prevented from accumulating in the first groove 50a.
  • each first groove 50a may be provided with a first drainage hole 50b, or some of the first grooves 50a may be provided with a first drainage hole 50b.
  • a first groove 50a may be provided with one, two or more first drainage holes 50b, and a plurality of first drainage holes 50b of a first groove 50a may be arranged at intervals.
  • the electrolyte in the first groove 50a can be promptly discharged through the first drain hole 50b, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery 10.
  • the first groove 50a has a first side wall 54 extending along the first direction M and a second side wall 55 extending along the second direction N, the first side wall 54 is connected to the second side wall 55, and the first side wall 54 and the second side wall 55 are both connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall of the first groove 50a.
  • the dimension of the first side wall 54 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is h1
  • the minimum spacing between the edge of the first drainage hole 50b and the first side wall 54 along the second direction N is w1, w1 ⁇ 5.67h1.
  • first direction M, the second direction N and the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a intersect each other, and illustratively, the first direction M, the second direction N and the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a can be perpendicular to each other.
  • w1/h1 can be 0.1, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.8, 3, 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 4, 4.2, 4.5, 5, 5.5, 5.6 or 5.67, etc.
  • the battery 10 cannot be guaranteed to work completely in a horizontal posture during operation, and it may be tilted.
  • the first groove 50a is also tilted along the second direction N.
  • the electrolyte in the first groove 50a accumulates in the lowest corner of the first groove 50a. In this way, it is necessary to ensure that the electrolyte can still be The liquid is discharged through the first drain hole 50b.
  • the maximum allowable value of w1 is 5.67h1
  • the smaller the tilt angle of the battery 10 along the second direction N the larger the maximum allowable value of w1. Therefore, setting w1 ⁇ 5.67h1 is conducive to ensuring that the electrolyte in the first groove 50a is discharged through the first drainage hole 50b in time when the battery 10 is tilted along the second direction N, and further improving the reliability of the battery 10.
  • the second direction N may correspond to the width direction of the vehicle.
  • the maximum angle of inclination forward or backward along the width direction allowed by the vehicle is 10°.
  • the maximum allowable value of w1 is 5.67h1
  • the smaller the inclination angle of the vehicle in the width direction the larger the maximum allowable value of w1. Therefore, setting w1 ⁇ 5.67h1 is conducive to ensuring that the electrolyte in the first groove 50a is discharged through the first drainage hole 50b in time when the vehicle is inclined in the width direction, thereby further improving the reliability of the vehicle.
  • w1 ⁇ 5.67h1 is set, and under the condition that the battery 10 is tilted no more than 10° along the second direction N, the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 can still be discharged through the first drain hole 50b.
  • the dimension of the second side wall 55 along the thickness direction of the first wall is h2, and the minimum spacing between the edge of the first drainage hole 50b and the second side wall 55 along the first direction M is w2, w2 ⁇ 2.74h2; wherein the first direction M, the second direction N and the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a intersect each other.
  • w2/h2 can be 0.1, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.5, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7 or 2.74, etc.
  • the battery 10 may also tilt along the first direction M.
  • the first groove 50a also tilts along the first direction M.
  • the electrolyte in the first groove 50a accumulates in the lowest corner of the first groove 50a. In this way, it is necessary to ensure that the electrolyte can still be discharged through the first drain hole 50b when the battery 10 tilts.
  • the maximum allowable value of w2 is 2.74h2
  • the smaller the tilt angle of the battery 10 along the first direction M the larger the maximum allowable value of w2. Therefore, setting w2 ⁇ 2.74h2 is conducive to ensuring that the electrolyte in the first groove 50a is discharged through the first drainage hole 50b in time when the battery 10 is tilted along the first direction M, and further improving the reliability of the battery 10.
  • the first direction M may correspond to the length direction of the vehicle, that is, the driving direction of the vehicle.
  • the thickness direction of the first wall 31a corresponds to the height direction of the vehicle.
  • the maximum angle of inclination allowed by the vehicle in the length direction is 20°.
  • the maximum allowable value of w2 is 2.74h2
  • the smaller the inclination angle of the vehicle in the length direction the greater the maximum allowable value of w2. Therefore, setting w2 ⁇ 2.74h2 is conducive to ensuring that the electrolyte in the first groove 50a is discharged through the first drainage hole 50b in time when the vehicle is tilted in the length direction, thereby further improving the reliability of the vehicle.
  • w2 ⁇ 2.74h2 is set, and under the condition that the battery 10 is tilted no more than 20° along the first direction M, the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 can still be discharged through the first drain hole 50b.
  • the first direction M of the battery 10 can correspond to the length direction of the vehicle
  • the second direction N of the battery 10 can correspond to the width direction of the vehicle
  • the thickness direction O of the battery 10 can correspond to the height direction of the vehicle
  • w1 and h1 can be set to satisfy: w1 ⁇ 5.67h1, w2 and h2 can satisfy: w2 ⁇ 2.74h2.
  • the electrolyte in the first groove 50a can be discharged through the first drainage hole 50b, which is conducive to improving the reliability of the vehicle.
  • the first groove 50 a has a plurality of first liquid drainage holes 50 b , and the plurality of first liquid drainage holes 50 b are arranged at intervals.
  • the first groove 50a has multiple first drainage holes 50b, which is beneficial to increasing the rate of electrolyte discharge in the first groove 50a, and when the bottom wall of the first groove 50a is inclined relative to the horizontal direction, the electrolyte can be discharged through the first drainage holes 50b at a lower position after the inclination. This is further beneficial to timely discharge the electrolyte in the first groove 50a and reduce the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40.
  • At least one first drainage hole 50b is disposed at a corner of the first groove 50a.
  • the corner position of the first groove 50a may be a position where the bottom wall of the first groove 50a is close to the intersection of any two intersecting side walls.
  • the first groove 50b may be located at any corner position of the first groove 50a.
  • At least one first drainage hole 50b is arranged at a corner position of the first groove 50a. Then, when the battery 10 is tilted in a corresponding direction, the first drainage hole 50b is located at a lower position of the first groove 50a, which is conducive to timely discharge of the electrolyte in the first groove 50a through the first drainage hole 50b.
  • At least two first drain holes 50b may be provided at two opposite corners of the first groove 50a, respectively, so that when the battery 10 is tilted, it is helpful to drain the electrolyte in the first groove 50a in time.
  • the insulating member 50 further has a guide groove 50 c , and the guide groove 50 c is connected to the first groove 50 a .
  • the insulating member 50 may have one, two, three or more first grooves 50a, and the guide groove 50c is connected to one first groove 50a, or is connected to at least two first grooves 50a among the multiple first grooves 50a.
  • the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 drips onto the insulating member 50 and can first flow into the guide groove 50c and then flow into the first groove 50a through the guide groove 50c. In this way, the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 can flow into the first groove 50a more promptly.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes a pressure relief mechanism 34, which is disposed on the first wall 31a. At least part of the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is located in the guide groove 50c.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 34 can be used to explode when the internal pressure of the battery cell 30 reaches a certain threshold, so as to allow the gas inside the battery cell 30 to be discharged, which is helpful to reduce the risk of explosion of the battery cell 30.
  • the pressure relief mechanism 34 is arranged on the first wall 31a, and there is also a risk of electrolyte leakage at the connection between the pressure relief mechanism 34 and the first wall 31a.
  • At least part of the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is located in the guide groove 50c.
  • the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a can be arranged to be entirely located in the guide groove 50c. In this way, at least part of the electrolyte leaked from the pressure relief mechanism 34 directly drips into the guide groove 50c under the action of gravity, and can flow into the first concave groove 50c through the guide groove 50c. In the groove 50a.
  • Such a configuration facilitates the electrolyte leaking from the pressure relief mechanism 34 to flow into the first groove 50 a in a timely manner, further reducing the possibility that the electrolyte leaking from the battery cell 30 electrically connects two adjacent busbars 40 .
  • the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 is located in the guide groove 50c, and the minimum spacing between the edge of the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 and the side wall of the guide groove 50c is a, and along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a, the minimum spacing between the pressure relief mechanism 34 and the guide groove 50c is h3, a ⁇ 0.36h3. Further, h3 is the minimum spacing between the surface of the pressure relief mechanism 34 close to the guide groove 50c and the surface of the guide groove 50c close to the pressure relief mechanism 34 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a.
  • a/h3 can be 0.36, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 1, 1.5 or 2, etc.
  • the battery may tilt during operation.
  • the minimum value of a is 0.36h3.
  • setting a ⁇ 0.36h3 is beneficial to increasing the possibility that the electrolyte leaked from the pressure relief mechanism 34 falls into the guide groove 50c when the battery 10 is tilted less than 20°, which is beneficial to further improving the reliability of the battery 10.
  • the guide groove 50c is recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a, and along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a, the size of the guide groove 50c is smaller than or equal to the size of the first groove 50a.
  • the recessed direction of the guide groove 50c is the same as the recessed direction of the first groove 50a. If the guide groove 50c is set along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a, the size of the guide groove 50c is less than or equal to the size of the first groove 50a, then the depth of the guide groove 50c recessed along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is less than or equal to the depth of the first groove 50a recessed along the thickness direction O.
  • the bottom wall of the first groove 50a is lower than the bottom wall of the guide groove 50c, so that the electrolyte in the guide groove 50c flows into the first groove 50a more smoothly.
  • the first groove 50a has a first drain hole 50b on the bottom wall, it is convenient for the electrolyte to be discharged in time.
  • the first wall 31a has an injection port 35 for injecting electrolyte into the housing 31.
  • the injection port 35 is located in the guide groove 50c.
  • the injection port 35 is used to inject electrolyte into the battery cell 30. After the electrolyte injection is completed, the injection port 35 is sealed. However, as the battery 10 is used for a longer time, the injection port 35 still has the risk of electrolyte leakage.
  • the orthographic projection of the liquid injection port 35 on the insulating part 50 is at least partially located in the guide groove 50c. Then, the orthographic projection of the liquid injection port 35 on the insulating part 50 along the thickness direction O can be partially located in the guide groove 50c, or, the orthographic projection of the liquid injection port 35 along the thickness direction O is completely located in the guide groove 50c.
  • the battery cell 30 further includes a pressure relief mechanism 34 .
  • the pressure relief mechanism 34 is disposed on the first wall 31a, and the insulating member 50 has a second groove 50d recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a. At least part of the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is located in the second groove 50d.
  • At least part of the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a on the insulating part 50 is located in the second groove 50d.
  • part of the orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 along the thickness direction O can be arranged to be located in the second groove 50d, or the entire orthographic projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 along the thickness direction O can be arranged to be located in the second groove 50d.
  • the second groove 50 d has a second drainage hole 51 d , and the second drainage hole 51 d is disposed through the bottom wall of the second groove 50 d .
  • the bottom wall of the second groove 50d is the wall portion of the second groove 50d and the first wall 31a that are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction O.
  • the second drainage hole 51d passes through the bottom wall of the second groove 50d. After the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30 flows into the second groove 50d, it can flow out through the second drainage hole 51d, and the electrolyte does not need to accumulate in the second groove 50d.
  • each second groove 50d can be provided with a second drainage hole 51d, or some of the second grooves 50d can be provided with a second drainage hole 51d, a second groove 50d can be provided with one, two or more second drainage holes 51d, and multiple second drainage holes 51d of a second groove 50d can be arranged at intervals.
  • the insulating member 50 further has a communication channel 50 e .
  • the communication channel 50 e communicates with the first groove 50 a and the second groove 50 d .
  • the depths of the first groove 50a and the second groove 50d along the thickness direction O can be set as needed to control the flow direction of the electrolyte.
  • the depth of the first groove 50a along the thickness direction O can be set to be greater than the dimension of the second groove 50d along the thickness direction O, so that the electrolyte in the second groove 50d will flow into the first groove 50a through the connecting flow channel 50e, and the electrolyte will be stored in the second groove 50d only when the liquid level of the first groove 50a is flush with the bottom wall of the second groove 50d.
  • the connecting channel 50e connects the first groove 50a and the second groove 50d, and can realize the mutual flow of electrolyte in the first groove 50a and the second groove 50d, so as to balance the storage amount of electrolyte in the first groove 50a and the second groove 50d, and reduce the risk of electrolyte overflow in one of the first groove 50a and the second groove 50d while the other has a smaller electrolyte storage amount, so that the first groove 50a and the second groove 50d can accommodate more electrolyte, further reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 30, the plurality of battery cells 30 are arranged along a first direction M, the insulating member 50 has at least one first blocking protrusion 52, the first blocking protrusion 52 extends along a second direction N, and is located on a side of the insulating member 50 close to the first wall 31a, the second direction N intersects with the first direction M, and illustratively, the first direction M and the second direction N are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first blocking protrusion 52 is located between two first grooves 50a corresponding to the first walls 31a of two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the first direction M.
  • the first blocking protrusion 52 is disposed protruding in a direction toward the battery cell 30.
  • the battery cells 30 are formed by injection molding, stamping, etc.
  • the battery cells 30 are arranged at least along the first direction M.
  • the battery cells 30 can be arranged only along the first direction M, or the battery cells 30 can also be arranged along other directions such as the second direction N at the same time.
  • the first blocking protrusion 52 extends along the second direction N, and the first blocking protrusion 52 can prevent the electrolyte from flowing along the first direction M between two adjacent first grooves 50 a.
  • a plurality of battery cells 30 are arranged in a matrix along the first direction M and the second direction N.
  • the insulating member 50 has at least one second blocking protrusion 53.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 extends along the first direction M and is located on a side of the insulating member 50 close to the first wall 31a.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 intersects with the first blocking protrusion 52.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 is located between two first grooves 50a corresponding to the first walls 31 of two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the second direction N.
  • a plurality of battery cells 30 are arranged along the first direction M and the second direction N, and a second blocking protrusion 53 may be provided between the first grooves 50a corresponding to any two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the second direction N, or a second blocking protrusion 53 may be provided between the first grooves 50a corresponding to two battery cells 30 partially adjacent to each other along the second direction N.
  • the first blocking protrusion 52 intersects with the second blocking protrusion 53 to form a limited space, and the electrolyte leaked from the corresponding battery cell 30 only flows within the corresponding limited space and flows into the corresponding first groove 50a, and does not flow into the first groove 50a corresponding to the adjacent battery cell 30.
  • the insulating part 50 is provided with a second blocking protrusion 53, and the second blocking protrusion 53 is provided between the first grooves 50a corresponding to the first walls 31a of two adjacent battery cells 10 along the second direction N.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 can be used to limit the flow of electrolyte along the second direction N, which is beneficial to further reduce the possibility of electrolyte leaking from the battery cell 30 electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40, thereby further improving the reliability performance of the battery 10.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 30, and the plurality of battery cells 30 are arranged in a matrix along a first direction M and a second direction N.
  • the battery 10 also includes at least one insulating isolation member 60, which extends along the first direction M and is disposed between two adjacent busbars 40 along the second direction N.
  • the insulating isolation member 60 is disposed between two adjacent busbars 40 along the second direction N.
  • the insulating isolation member 60 can be used to achieve insulation isolation of the two adjacent busbars 40 along the second direction N, which is beneficial to increasing the creepage distance of the two adjacent busbars 40, reducing the risk of electrical connection between the two, and is beneficial to improving the reliability of the battery.
  • the insulating spacer 60 abuts against the first wall 31 of the battery cell 30 and/or the insulating member 50 .
  • the insulating spacer 60 may only abut against the first wall 31 of the battery cell 30 , or the insulating spacer 60 may only abut against the insulating member 50 .
  • a portion of the insulating spacer 60 may abut against the first wall 31 and another portion may abut against the insulating member 50 .
  • the insulating spacer 60 abuts against the first wall 31 or the insulating member 50, and the insulating spacer 60 and the first wall 31 can be connected by bonding, or the insulating spacer 60 can be connected by bonding to the insulating member 50.
  • the edge spacers 60 may also be brought into contact with each other only by the action of external pressure.
  • an insulating isolation member 60 may also be provided to abut against a side of the second blocking protrusion 53 away from the first wall 51 a .
  • Providing the insulating spacer 60 to abut against at least one of the first wall 31 and the insulating member 50 is beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the battery 10 , and the insulating spacer 60 can further improve the insulation effect of two adjacent busbars 40 .
  • the insulating spacer 60 abuts against the first walls 31 a of two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the second direction N.
  • the insulating spacer 60 can be used to achieve insulation isolation of structures such as the electrode terminals 33 of two adjacent battery cells 30, which is beneficial to reduce the usage of the insulating spacer 60 and reduce the weight and production cost of the battery 10.
  • the battery further includes a protective member 70 .
  • the protective member 70 is disposed on a side of the insulating spacer 60 away from the battery cell 30 .
  • the insulating spacer 60 abuts against the protective member 70 .
  • the protective member 70 may be in any shape, and illustratively, the protective member 70 may be in a plate shape.
  • the protective member 70 may be formed as a part of the case of the battery 10 , for example, the protective member 70 may be the bottom plate of the case of the battery 10 .
  • the insulating spacer 60 may abut between the first wall 31a of the battery cell 30 and the protective member 70, or the insulating spacer 60 may abut between the insulating member 50 and the protective member 70.
  • the insulating spacer 60 may be bonded to the protective member 70. In this way, the electrical clearance and creepage distance inside the battery 10 may be increased, which is conducive to further improving the reliability of the battery 10, and the insulating spacer 60 may also increase the overall structural strength of the battery 10.
  • FIG. 13 , FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 there is a gap between the protection member 70 and the busbar 40 .
  • the gap between the protective member 70 and the busbar 40 can be selected based on actual needs. When the protective member is subjected to loads such as impact and vibration, the protective member 70 can bear a certain load and deform toward the busbar 40. A gap is provided between the protective member 70 and the busbar 40, and the gap can be used as a deformation avoidance space for the protective member 70, which has a certain buffering effect on the deformation of the protective member 70, reduces the risk of external impact or vibration loads damaging the busbar 40, and has a certain protective effect on the busbar 40.
  • the electrode terminals 33 of the battery cells 30 are disposed downward along the direction of gravity.
  • the electrode terminal 33 is arranged downward along the gravity direction, and the electrode terminal 33 is located at the bottom of the housing 31 of the battery cell 30 along the gravity direction, the insulating member 50 is located below the battery cell 30 along the gravity direction, and the first groove 50a is also recessed downward along the gravity direction. In this way, the electrolyte leaked from the connection between the electrode terminal 33 and the first wall 31a drips on the insulating member 50 under the action of gravity and flows into the first groove 50a. Therefore, such a setting is conducive to the electrolyte flowing into the first groove 50a in time.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the battery 10 in any of the above embodiments, the battery 10 is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical device, and the electrode terminals 33 of the battery cells 30 are arranged downward along the direction of gravity.
  • the electric device provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts the battery 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first groove 50a can be used to store the electrolyte, thereby reducing the possibility of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 inside the battery 10 and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery 10, which is beneficial to Improve the reliability of electrical equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 10, including a battery cell 30, a busbar 40, an insulating member 50, an insulating spacer 60 and a protective member 70.
  • the battery cell 30 includes a shell 31, an electrode terminal 33, and a pressure relief mechanism 34.
  • the shell 31 has a first wall 31a, and the electrode terminal 33 and the pressure relief mechanism 34 are arranged on the first wall 31a.
  • the electrode terminal 33 is arranged downward along the gravity direction.
  • the busbar 40 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 33.
  • the insulating member 50 is arranged on the side of the busbar 40 facing the electrode terminal 33 and covers at least part of the first wall 31a.
  • the insulating member 50 has a first groove 50a that is recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a.
  • the first wall 31a is correspondingly provided with at least four first grooves 50a, and the at least four first grooves 50a include four first grooves 50a that are respectively arranged corresponding to two pairs of diagonal corners of the first wall 31a.
  • the first groove 50a has a first drainage hole 50b, and the first drainage hole 50b is arranged through the bottom wall of the first groove 50a.
  • the first groove 50a has a first side wall 54 extending along the first direction M and a second side wall 55 extending along the second direction N.
  • the first side wall 54 is adjacent to the second side wall 55, and the first side wall 54 and the second side wall 55 are both connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall of the first groove 50a.
  • the dimension of the first side wall 54 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is h1, and the minimum spacing between the edge of the first drainage hole 50b and the first side wall 54 along the second direction N is w1, w1 ⁇ 5.67h1.
  • the dimension of the second side wall 55 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is h2, and the minimum spacing between the edge of the first drainage hole 50b and the second side wall 55 along the first direction M is w2, w2 ⁇ 2.74h2, wherein the first direction M, the second direction N and the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a intersect each other, and illustratively, the first direction M, the second direction N and the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a are perpendicular to each other.
  • the insulating member 50 also has a guide groove 50c, which is recessed in a direction away from the first wall 31a and connected to the first groove 50a.
  • the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 along the thickness direction O of the first wall 31a is located in the guide groove 50c, and the minimum spacing between the edge of the positive projection of the pressure relief mechanism 34 on the insulating member 50 and the side wall of the guide groove 50c is a.
  • the minimum spacing between the pressure relief mechanism 34 and the guide groove 50c is h3, a ⁇ 0.36h3.
  • the size of the guide groove 50c is less than or equal to the size of the first groove 50a.
  • the battery 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 30, which are arranged in a matrix along a first direction M and a second direction N.
  • the insulating member 50 has at least one first blocking protrusion 52 and at least one second blocking protrusion 53.
  • the first blocking protrusion 52 extends along the second direction N and is located on a side of the insulating member 50 close to the first wall 31a.
  • the first blocking protrusion 52 is located between two first grooves 50a corresponding to the first walls 31a of two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the first direction M.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 extends along the first direction M and is located on a side of the insulating member 50 close to the first wall 31a.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 intersects with the first blocking protrusion 52.
  • the second blocking protrusion 53 is located between two first grooves 50a corresponding to the first walls 31a of two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the second direction N.
  • the insulating spacer 60 extends along the first direction M and is located between two current collectors 40 adjacent to each other along the second direction N.
  • the insulating spacer 60 abuts against the first walls 31a of two battery cells 30 adjacent to each other along the second direction N.
  • the protection member 70 is disposed on a side of the insulating spacer 60 away from the battery cell 30 .
  • the insulating spacer 60 abuts against the protection member 70 , and a gap is formed between the protection member 70 and the busbar 40 .
  • the battery 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can utilize the first groove 50a to accommodate the electrolyte leaked from the battery cell 30.
  • the electrolyte can be discharged through the first drainage hole 50d, thereby reducing the risk of the electrolyte electrically connecting two adjacent busbars 40 and causing a high-voltage short circuit inside the battery 10.
  • it is beneficial to increase the electrical clearance and creepage distance between two adjacent busbars 40 which is beneficial to improving the reliability performance of the battery 10.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种电池以及用电装置，电池包括电池单体、汇流件和绝缘件；电池单体包括外壳和电极端子，外壳具有第一壁，电极端子设置于第一壁；汇流件电连接电极端子；绝缘件设置于汇流件面向电极端子的一侧，并覆盖第一壁的至少部分，绝缘件具有沿背离第一壁的方向凹陷的第一凹槽。本申请提供的电池以及用电装置，可以利用第一凹槽容纳电池单体泄漏的电解液，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的风险，如此，有利于提高电池的可靠性能。

Description

电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
电池广泛用于电子设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动汽车、电动飞机、电动轮船、电动玩具汽车、电动玩具轮船、电动玩具飞机和电动工具等等。电池单体可以包括镉镍电池单体、氢镍电池单体、锂离子电池单体和二次碱性锌锰电池单体等。
在电池技术的发展中，除了提高电池的性能外，如何提高电池的可靠性能也是一个不可忽视的问题。提高电池可靠性能对于节约能源有着重大的影响。因此，如何提高电池的可靠性能，是电池技术中一个持续改进的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池以及用电装置，能够提高电池的可靠性能。
第一方面，根据本申请实施例提供的电池包括电池单体、汇流件和绝缘件；电池单体包括外壳和电极端子，外壳具有第一壁，电极端子设置于第一壁；汇流件电连接电极端子；绝缘件设置于汇流件面向电极端子的一侧，并覆盖第一壁的至少部分，绝缘件具有沿背离第一壁的方向凹陷的第一凹槽。
本申请实施例提供的电池，绝缘件设置于汇流件面向电极端子的一侧，且绝缘件具有沿背离第一壁的方向凹陷的第一凹槽，在电池单体的电极端子沿重力方向朝下放置的情况下，电池单体内的电解液发生泄漏时，电解液在重力作用下，落在绝缘件上，并沿绝缘件靠近第一壁一侧的表面流入第一凹槽内，如此，可以利用第一凹槽容纳电池单体泄漏的电解液，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的风险，如此，有利于提高电池的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件具有朝向第一壁一侧的第二壁，第二壁围设于第一凹槽周侧的至少部分，由第一凹槽的周侧向外，第二壁沿靠近第一壁的方向倾斜设置。如此设置，有利于电池单体泄漏出的电解液及时、快速地流入第一凹槽内，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的风险，提高电池的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，电池包括多个电池单体，绝缘件设置有多个第一凹槽，每一个电池单体的第一壁均与至少一个第一凹槽相对设置。如此设置，每一个电池单体的第一壁与电极端子的连接处泄漏出的电解液都可以沿较近的路径流入相对的第一凹槽 内，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一壁对应设置有至少两个第一凹槽，至少两个第一凹槽包括与第一壁的对角分别对应设置的两个第一凹槽。在电池发生倾斜的情况下，电池单体泄漏出的电解液能流入对应第一凹槽内，如此，进一步提高电解液流入第一凹槽的顺畅性，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的可能性。
在一些实施例中，第一壁对应设置有至少四个第一凹槽，至少四个第一凹槽包括与第一壁的两对对角分别对应设置的四个第一凹槽。在电池发生倾斜的情况下，有利于进一步提高电解液流入第一凹槽的顺畅性，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的可能性。
在一些实施例中，第一凹槽具有第一排液孔，第一排液孔贯穿第一凹槽的底壁设置。可以通过第一排液孔及时排出第一凹槽内的电解液，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一凹槽具有沿第一方向延伸的第一侧壁和沿第二方向延伸的第二侧壁，第一侧壁与第二侧壁相连，且第一侧壁和第二侧壁均连接于第一凹槽的底壁的外周；第一侧壁沿第一壁的厚度方向的尺寸为h1，第一排液孔的边缘沿第二方向与第一侧壁的最小间距为w1，w1≤5.67h1；和/或，第二侧壁沿第一壁的厚度方向的尺寸为h2，第一排液孔的边缘沿第一方向与第二侧壁的最小间距为w2，w2≤2.74h2；其中，第一方向、第二方向与第一壁的厚度方向两两相交。如此设置，在电池沿第二方向发生不高于于10°的倾斜，和/或，沿第一方向发生不高于20°的倾斜的工况下，电池单体泄漏出的电解液依然能够通过第一排液孔排出，有利于在电池发生倾斜的工况下，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的风险。
在一些实施例中，第一凹槽具有多个第一排液孔，多个第一排液孔间隔设置。有利于提高第一凹槽内的电解液排出的速率，且在第一凹槽的底壁相对于水平方向倾斜的情况下，可以利用倾斜后位置较低的第一排液孔排出电解液，如此，进一步有利于及时排出第一凹槽内的电解液，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的风险。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一排液孔设置于第一凹槽的角部位置。在电池发生对应方向的倾斜的情况下，第一排液孔位于第一凹槽的较低位置处，有利于通过第一排液孔及时排出第一凹槽内的电解液。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件还具有导流槽，导流槽连通于第一凹槽。电池单体泄漏出的电解液滴落在绝缘件上，可以先流入导流槽中，并经导流槽流入第一凹槽。如此，便于电池单体泄漏出的电解液更加及时地流入第一凹槽内。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括泄压机构，泄压机构设置于第一壁，泄压机构沿第一壁的厚度方向在绝缘件上的正投影的至少部分位于导流槽内。如此设置，便于从泄压机构泄漏出的电解液及时流入第一凹槽内，进一步降低电池单体泄漏出的电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的可能性。
在一些实施例中，沿第一壁的厚度方向，泄压机构在绝缘件上的正投影位于导流槽内，且泄压机构在绝缘件上的正投影的边缘与导流槽的侧壁的最小间距为a，沿第一壁的厚度方向，泄压机构与导流槽的最小间距为h3，a≥0.36h3。在电池发生小于20° 的倾斜的情况下，有利于提高由泄压机构泄漏出的电解液落入导流槽的可能性，有利于进一步提高电池的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，导流槽沿背离第一壁的方向凹陷设置，沿第一壁的厚度方向，导流槽的尺寸小于或者等于第一凹槽的尺寸。在电池单体的电极端子沿重力方向朝下设置的情况下，第一凹槽的底壁低于导流槽的底壁，便于导流槽内的电解液更加顺畅地流入第一凹槽内。
在一些实施例中，第一壁具有注液口，注液口用于将电解液注入外壳内，沿第一壁的厚度方向，注液口在绝缘件上的正投影的至少部分位于导流槽内。如此，便于经由注液口泄漏出的电解液及时经由导流槽流入第一凹槽内。
在一些实施例中，电池单体还包括泄压机构，泄压机构设置于第一壁，绝缘件具有沿背离第一壁的方向凹陷的第二凹槽，泄压机构沿第一壁的厚度方向在绝缘件上的正投影的至少部分位于第二凹槽内。如此，电池单体经由泄压机构处泄漏出的电解液至少部分直接流入第二凹槽内，并储存在第二凹槽内，进一步降低电池单体泄漏出的电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的风险，提高电池的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，第二凹槽具有第二排液孔，第二排液孔贯穿第二凹槽的底壁设置。通过设置第二排液孔，以及时排出第二凹槽内的电解液，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的风险。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件还具有连通流道，连通流道连通第一凹槽和第二凹槽。如此设置，可以使第一凹槽和第二凹槽可以容纳更多的电解液，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的风险。
在一些实施例中，电池包括多个电池单体，多个电池单体沿第一方向排布，绝缘件具有至少一个第一阻挡凸起，第一阻挡凸起沿第二方向延伸，并位于绝缘件靠近第一壁的一侧，第二方向与第一方向相交；第一阻挡凸起位于分别与沿第一方向相邻的两个电池单体的第一壁对应的两个第一凹槽之间。如此，一个电池单体泄漏出的电解液滴落在绝缘件后，由于第一阻挡凸起的阻挡作用，较难流动到相邻另一电池单体与绝缘件对应的区域，有利于进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部短路的可能性。
在一些实施例中，多个电池单体沿第一方向和第二方向呈矩阵排布，绝缘件具有至少一个第二阻挡凸起，第二阻挡凸起沿第一方向延伸，并位于绝缘件靠近第一壁的一侧，第二阻挡凸起与第一阻挡凸起相交；第二阻挡凸起位于沿第二方向相邻的两个电池单体的第一壁对应的两个第一凹槽之间。可以利用第二阻挡凸起，限制电解液沿第二方向的流动，有利于进一步降低电池单体泄漏出的电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的可能性，进一步提高电池的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，电池包括多个电池单体，多个电池单体沿第一方向和第二方向呈矩阵排布，第一方向和第二方向相交；电池还包括至少一个绝缘隔离件，绝缘隔离件沿第一方向延伸，绝缘隔离件设置于沿第二方向相邻的两个汇流件之间。可以通过绝缘隔离件实现沿第二方向相邻的两个汇流件的绝缘隔离，有利于增大相邻的两个汇流件的爬电距离，降低二者相互电连接的风险，有利于提高电池的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，绝缘隔离件抵接于电池单体的第一壁和/或绝缘件。有利于提高电池的结构紧凑性，且可以通过绝缘隔离件进一步提高相邻的两个汇流件的绝缘效果。
在一些实施例中，绝缘隔离件抵接于沿第二方向相邻的两个电池单体的第一壁。如此，在通过绝缘隔离件实现相邻两个电池单体的的电极端子等结构的绝缘隔离的前提下，有利于降低绝缘隔离件的用量，降低电池的重量。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括防护件，防护件设置于绝缘隔离件背离电池单体的一侧，绝缘隔离件抵接于防护件。可以增大电池内部的电气间隙和爬电距离，有利于进一步提高电池的可靠性能，且绝缘隔离件还能够增大电池的整体结构强度。
在一些实施例中，沿第一壁的厚度方向，防护件与汇流件之间具有间隙。利用防护件与汇流件之间的间隙作为防护件的形变避让空间，对防护件的形变具有一定的缓冲作用，降低外界的冲击或者振动等载荷损伤汇流件的风险，对汇流件具有一定的保护作用。
在一些实施例中，电池单体的电极端子沿重力方向朝下设置。如此设置，有利于电解液及时流入第一凹槽内。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括如第一方面任一实施例的电池，电池用于提供电能，电池单体的第一壁沿重力方向朝下设置。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了本申请实施例提供的电池，在电池单体的电解液泄漏的情况下，可以利用第一凹槽存储电解液，降低电解液电连接电池内部的相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的可能性，有利于提高用电装置的可靠性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对本申请实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池的爆炸示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的电池中电池模块的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池中电池单体的爆炸示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种电池的爆炸结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的电池中绝缘件的结构示意图；
图7为图6中A处的局部放大图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的电池中另一种绝缘件的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的电池中省略部分结构后的爆炸示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的电池中又一种绝缘件的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的电池中部分结构的剖视结构示意图；
图12为图11中B处的局部放大图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的电池的主视图；
图14为图13沿C-C的剖视结构示意图；
图15为图14中D处的局部放大图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的电池中绝缘件的结构示意图；
图17为图16中E处的局部放大图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
附图标记说明：
1、车辆；1a、马达；1b、控制器；
10、电池；11、第一箱体部；12、第二箱体部；
20、电池模块；
30、电池单体；31、外壳；31a、第一壁；311、壳体；311a、开口；312、端盖；32、电极组件；33、电极端子；34、泄压机构；35、注液口；
40、汇流件；
50、绝缘件；50a、第一凹槽；50b、第一排液孔；50c、导流槽；50d、第二凹槽；50e、连通流道；51d、第二排液孔；51、第二壁；52、第一阻挡凸起；53、第二阻挡凸起；54、第一侧壁；55、第二侧壁
60、绝缘隔离件；70、防护件；
M、第一方向；N、第二方向；O、厚度方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安 装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，C和/或D，可以表示：单独存在C，同时存在C和D，单独存在D这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解液，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和分隔件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和凸出于正极集流部的正极凸部，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极凸部的至少部分未涂覆正极活性物质层，正极凸部作为正极极耳。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和凸出于负极集流部的负极凸部，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极凸部的至少部分未涂覆负极活性物质层，负极凸部作为负极极耳。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。为了保证通过大电流而不发生熔断，正极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起，负极极耳的数量为多个且层叠在一起。分隔件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。此外，电极组件可以是卷绕式结构，也可以是叠片式结构，本申请实施例并不限于此。
发明人发现电池工作过程中的可靠性较低的问题后，便对电池的结构和工作过程进行了系统的分析和研究，结果发现，电池单体之间通过汇流件实现各电池单体之 间的串并联连接，并通过绝缘件实现汇流件或者电池单体的外壳与电池内部的其它结构如线束等的绝缘隔离，随着电池使用时间的增长，电池内部的电池单体的循环次数逐渐增多，尤其是电池单体处于倒置状态下的情况下，电池单体内部的电解液容易发生泄漏，并积聚在电池内部的绝缘件上，随着电池单体的电解液泄漏量的积累，易发生电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件的问题，给电池带来高压短路的风险，如此，严重影响电池的可靠性能。
基于发明人发现的上述问题，发明人对电池的结构进行了改进，本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电装置。
根据本申请实施例提供的电池包括电池单体、汇流件和绝缘件，电池单体包括外壳和电极端子，外壳具有第一壁，电极端子设置于第一壁。汇流件电连接电极端子，绝缘件设置于汇流件面向电极端子的一侧，并覆盖第一壁的至少部分，绝缘件具有沿背离第一壁的方向凹陷的第一凹槽。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置绝缘件具有沿背离电池单体的第一壁的方向凹陷的第一凹槽，如此，在电池单体的电极端子与第一壁的连接处发生电解液泄漏后，可以通过第一凹槽容纳电解液，如此，随着电池单体的泄漏量增加，电解液流向并容纳于第一凹槽内，可以有效地降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件而造成电池内部高压短路的风险，进而提高电池的可靠性能。
用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
如图1所示，车辆1的内部设置有电池10。电池10可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池10可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池10可以作为车辆1的操作电源。
车辆1还可以包括控制器1b和马达1a。控制器1b用来控制电池10为马达1a供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池10不仅仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
参见图2所示，电池10包括电池单体(图2未示出)。电池10还可以包括用于容纳电池单体的箱体。
箱体用于容纳电池单体，箱体可以是多种结构形式。在一些实施例中，箱体可以包括第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12。第一箱体部11与第二箱体部12相互盖合。第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体的容纳空间。第二箱体部12 可以是一端开口的空心结构，第一箱体部11为板状结构，第一箱体部11盖合于第二箱体部12的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体；第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12也可以均为一侧开口的空心结构。第一箱体部11的开口侧盖合于第二箱体部12的开口侧，以形成具有容纳空间的箱体。当然，第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为提高第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12连接后的密封性，第一箱体部11和第二箱体部12之间还可以设置密封件，比如，密封胶、密封圈等。
假设第一箱体部11盖合于第二箱体部12，第一箱体部11亦可称之为上箱盖，第二箱体部12亦可称之为下箱体。
在电池10中，电池单体可以是一个，也可以是多个。若电池单体为多个，多个电池单体之间可串联或并联或混联。混联是指多个电池单体中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体构成的整体容纳于箱体内，也可以是多个电池单体先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20。多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，图3为图2所示的电池模块20的结构示意图。在电池模块20中，电池单体30为多个。多个电池单体30先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块20。多个电池模块20再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体内。
在一些实施例，电池模块20中的多个电池单体30之间可通过汇流件40实现电连接，以实现电池模块20中的多个电池单体30的并联或串联或混联。
请参照图4，图4为图3所示的电池单体30的爆炸示意图。本申请实施例提供的电池单体30包括电极组件32和外壳31，外壳31具有容置腔，电极组件32容纳于容置腔内。
在一些实施例中，外壳31可以包括壳体311和端盖312，壳体311为一侧开口的空心结构，端盖312盖合于壳体311的开口311a处并形成密封连接，以形成用于容纳电极组件32和电解质的密封空间。
在组装电池单体30时，可先将电极组件32放入壳体311内，再将端盖312盖合于壳体311的开口311a，然后经由端盖312上的电解质注入口将电解质注入壳体311内。
在一些实施例中，外壳31还可用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。外壳31可以是多种结构形式。
如图4示出了本申请实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图。
壳体311可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。壳体311的形状可以根据电极组件32的具体形状来确定。例如，若电极组件32为圆柱体结构，壳体311则可选用为圆柱体结构。若电极组件32为长方体结构，壳体311则可选用长方体结构。在图4中，示例性地，壳体311和电极组件32均为长方体结构。
壳体311的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
容纳于壳体311内的电极组件32可以是一个或多个。在图4中，容纳于壳体 311内的电极组件32为两个。
在一些实施例中，电极组件32还包括正极极片、负极极片和分隔件。电极组件32可以是由正极极片、分隔件和负极极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构。电极组件32也可以是由正极极片、分隔件和负极极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。
正极极片可以包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层。正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面。负极极片可以包括负极集流体和负极极活性物质层。负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面。分隔件在正极极片与负极极片之间，用于将正极极片与负极极片隔离，以降低正极极片与负极极片之间出现短路的风险。
电极组件32中的极耳分为正极耳和负极耳。正极耳可以是正极集流体中未涂覆正极活性物质层的部分。负极耳可以是负极集流体中未涂覆负极活性物质层的部分。
如图4和图5所示，根据本申请实施例提供的电池10包括电池单体30、汇流件40和绝缘件50，电池单体30包括外壳31和电极端子33，外壳31具有第一壁31a，电极端子33设置于第一壁31a。汇流件40电连接电极端子33。绝缘件50设置于汇流件40面向电极端子33的一侧，并覆盖第一壁31a的至少部分，绝缘件50具有沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷的第一凹槽50a。
在电池单体30中，电极端子33可以与电池单体30的外壳31内的电极组件32电连接，以实现对电极组件32的循环充放电。电极端子33设置于第一壁31a，则电极端子33可以通过焊接或者铆接等工艺与外壳31的第一壁31a连接。对于电池10倒置的工作状况下，电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置，电池单体30内部的电解液容易通过电极端子33与第一壁31a的连接处泄漏，并滴落在绝缘件50上。
可选地，外壳31具有壳体311和端盖312，第一壁31a可以是壳体311的一部分，或者，第一壁31a为端盖312的至少部分。
电池单体30还可以具有泄压机构34，泄压机构34可以用于在电池单体30内部的压力达到泄压阈值时，发生爆破，并允许电池单体30内部的气体排出。可选地，泄压机构34可以设置于第一壁31a，或者，泄压机构34还可以设置于外壳31与第一壁31a相对或者相邻的其它壁部，可以根据实际需要进行选取。
电池单体30的外壳31还可以具有注液口35，在电池单体30制造的过程中，通过注液口35向电池单体30内部注入电解液。可选地，注液口35可以设置于第一壁31a，或者，注液口35可以设置于外壳31与第一壁31a相邻或者相对的其它壁部，可以根据实际需要进行选取。
汇流件40电连接电极端子33，则汇流件40可以连接任意两个电池单体30的电极端子33，以实现多个电池单体30之间的串联或者并联。
绝缘件50设置于汇流件40面向电极端子33的一侧，并覆盖第一壁31a的至少部分，则绝缘件50覆盖汇流件40和第一壁31a的至少部分。示例性地，绝缘件50覆盖第一壁31a的全部区域，以降低第一壁31a或者汇流件40与电池10内部其它电气结构发生短路的风险。
绝缘件50可以是电池10内部的线束隔离板，以使电池单体30的第一壁31a和汇流件40分别与绝缘件50另一侧的线束等电气结构绝缘隔离。
绝缘件50具有沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷的第一凹槽50a，可选地，第一凹槽50a可以通过注塑、冲压成型的方式成型，或者，第一凹槽50a可以通过切削或者铣削等去除材料的方式成型。
在电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下放置的情况下，第一凹槽50a相对于绝缘件50朝向第一壁31a方向的一侧的其它区域沿重力方向向下凹陷，如此，在电池单体30内部的电解液泄漏并在重力的作用下，滴落在绝缘件50朝向第一壁31a一侧后，能够在重力作用下滴落在或流入第一凹槽50a内。通过合理设置第一凹槽50a的数量和大小，可以使得在电池10的工作寿命内，第一凹槽50a能够容纳足够多的电解液，以降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的风险。
可选地，可以设置绝缘件50具有足够多或者足够大的第一凹槽50a，以在电池10的生命周期内容纳电池单体30泄漏出的所有电解液，或者，可以设置相关排液通道，以及时排出第一凹槽50a内的电解液。
可选地，绝缘件50可以具有一个第一凹槽50a，或者具有多个第一凹槽50a，可以设置绝缘件50与每一个电池单体30沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O相对的区域均设置有第一凹槽50a，或者，绝缘件50与部分电池单体30沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O相对的区域设置有第一凹槽50a。
可选地，可以将汇流件40的至少部分设置于第一凹槽50a内，通过第一凹槽50a为汇流件40提供一定的限位作用。
可选地，一个电池单体30的第一壁31a可以沿厚度方向O与一个第一凹槽50a相对设置，或者，一个电池单体30的第一壁31a沿厚度方向O与两个或者更多个第一凹槽50a相对设置。
可选地，第一凹槽50a可以沿厚度方向O与汇流件40的至少部分相对设置，或者，汇流件40沿厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影与第一凹槽50a错开设置。
绝缘件50设置于汇流件40面向电极端子33的一侧，则绝缘件50与汇流件40相对的区域可以与其它区域呈平直设置，或者，绝缘件50与汇流件40相对的区域相对于其它区域沿面向第一壁31a的方向凹陷设置，以便于绝缘件50位于汇流件40与电极端子33之间，并便于汇流件40与电极端子33的电连接，同时使得绝缘件50与第一壁31a之间具有一定的间隙。
本申请实施例提供的电池10，绝缘件50设置于汇流件40面向电极端子33的一侧，且绝缘件50具有沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷的第一凹槽50a，在电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下放置的情况下，电池单体30内的电解液发生泄漏时，电解液在重力作用下，落在绝缘件50上，并沿绝缘件50靠近第一壁31a一侧的表面流入第一凹槽50a内，如此，可以利用第一凹槽50a容纳电池单体30泄漏的电解液，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的风险，如此，有利于提高电池10的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件50具有朝向第一壁31a一侧的第二壁51，第二壁51围设于第一凹槽50a周侧的至少部分，由第一凹槽50a的周侧向外，第二壁51沿靠近第一壁31a的方向倾斜设置。
可选地，第二壁51可以呈平面倾斜设置，或者，沿曲面倾斜设置，可以根据实际需要进行选取。
绝缘件50的第二壁51朝向外壳31的第一壁31a设置，且第二壁51围设于第一凹槽50a周侧的至少部分，则第二壁51可以围设于第一凹槽50a的周侧的全部或者部分。由第二壁51的周侧向外，第二壁51沿靠近第一壁31a的方向倾斜设置，即，第二壁51越远离第一凹槽50a，距离第一壁31a越近。如此，在电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置的情况下，第一凹槽50a处于绝缘件50沿重力方向位置最低处，电池单体30内的电解液滴落在第二壁51上后，在重力的作用下，沿第二壁51向第一凹槽50a滑落，并最终流入第一凹槽50a。
因此，由第一凹槽50a的周侧向外，设置绝缘件50的第二壁51沿靠近第一壁31a的方向倾斜设置，有利于电池单体30泄漏出的电解液及时、快速地流入第一凹槽50a内，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的风险，提高电池10的可靠性能。
请继参阅图4和图5，在一些实施例中，电池10包括多个电池单体30，绝缘件50设置有多个第一凹槽50a，每一个电池单体30的第一壁31a均与第一凹槽50a相对设置。
可选地，每一个电池单体30的第一壁31a可以与一个、两个或者更多个第一凹槽50a相对设置。第一凹槽50a可以与第一壁31a的任意区域相对设置，可以根据实际需要进行选取。
如此一来，每一个电池单体30的第一壁31a的至少部分均与绝缘件50沿厚度方向O相对设置，且每一个电池单体30的第一壁31a沿厚度方向O在第一壁31a上的正投影的至少部分位于第一凹槽50a内。
如此设置，每一个电池单体30的第一壁31a与电极端子33的连接处泄漏出的电解液都可以沿较近的路径流入相对的第一凹槽50a内，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的风险。
如图4、图5、图6和图7所示，在一些实施例中，第一壁31a对应设置有至少两个第一凹槽50a，至少两个第一凹槽50a包括与第一壁31a的对角分别对应设置的两个第一凹槽50a。
第一壁31a对应设置有至少两个第一凹槽50a，则一个第一壁31a沿厚度方向O与两个、三个或者更多个第一凹槽50a相对设置。
至少两个第一凹槽50a包括与第一壁31a的对角分别对应设置的两个第一凹槽50a，则，在绝缘件50与电池单体30的第一壁31a相对的区域具有相对设置的对角，至少两个第一凹槽50a位于绝缘件50与第一壁31a相对的对角区域，即至少两个第一凹槽50a与第一壁31a相对的两个对角对应设置。
示例性地，第一壁31a具有沿第一方向M延伸的第一侧边以及沿第二方向N延伸的第二侧边，第一侧边和第二侧边相交设置，至少一个第一凹槽50a位于第一侧边和第二侧边相交后围合的区域内，并靠近二者相交的部位设置。如此，至少两个第一凹槽50a呈对角设置，则两个第一凹槽50a中的一者相对于第一壁31a位于沿第一方向M的一侧和第二方向N的一侧，另一者相对于第一壁31a位于沿第一方向M的另一侧和 第二方向N的另一侧，即至少两个第一凹槽50a并不沿第一方向M或者第二方向N排布，而是沿分别与第一方向M和第二方向N均相交的方向排布。
可以理解的是，电池10在工作的过程中，第一壁31a或者绝缘件50并不总是处于水平状态，其存在倾斜的可能性。设置至少两个第一凹槽50a包括与第一壁31a的对角分别对应设置的两个第一凹槽50a，则在电池10发生倾斜的情况下，电池单体30泄漏出的电解液能流入对应第一凹槽50a内，如此，进一步提高电解液流入第一凹槽50a的顺畅性，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的可能性。
在一些实施例中，第一壁31a对应设置有至少四个第一凹槽50a，至少四个第一凹槽50a包括与第一壁31a的两对对角分别对应设置的四个第一凹槽50a。
如此，四个第一凹槽50a沿第一方向M和第二方向N两两呈相交的对角设置，则其中两个第一凹槽50a与第一壁31a的其中两个对角位置相对设置，另两个第一凹槽50a与第一壁31a的另外两个对角位置相对设置，即四个第一凹槽50a分别与第一壁31a的四个对角位置相对设置。
如此设置，在电池10发生倾斜的情况下，有利于进一步提高电解液流入第一凹槽50a的顺畅性，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的可能性。
在一些实施例中，第一凹槽50a具有第一排液孔50b，第一排液孔50b贯穿第一凹槽50a的底壁设置。
第一凹槽50a的底壁即为第一凹槽50a与第一壁31a沿厚度方向O相对的壁部。第一排液孔50b贯穿第一凹槽50a的底壁，则电池单体30泄漏出的电解液流入第一凹槽50a内后，便可以通过第一排液孔50b流出，电解液可以不积聚在第一凹槽50a内。
可选地，可以设置每一个第一凹槽50a均具有第一排液孔50b，或者设置其中部分第一凹槽50a具有第一排液孔50b。一个第一凹槽50a可以设置有一个、两个或者更多个第一排液孔50b，一个第一凹槽50a的多个第一排液孔50b可以间隔设置。
可以理解的是，可以通过第一排液孔50b及时排出第一凹槽50a内的电解液，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的风险。
如图16和图17所示，在一些实施例中，第一凹槽50a具有沿第一方向M延伸的第一侧壁54和沿第二方向N延伸的第二侧壁55，第一侧壁54与第二侧壁55相连，且第一侧壁54和第二侧壁55均连接于第一凹槽50a的底壁的外周。第一侧壁54沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O的尺寸为h1，第一排液孔50b的边缘沿第二方向N与第一侧壁54的最小间距为w1，w1≤5.67h1。其中，第一方向M、第二方向N与第一壁31a的厚度方向O两两相交，示例性地，第一方向M、第二方向N与第一壁31a的厚度方向O可以两两垂直。
w1≤5.67h1，则w1/h1可以为0.1、0.5、0.6、0.8、1、1.5、1.8、2、2.2、2.5、2.8、3、3.2、3.5、3.8、4、4.2、4.5、5、5.5、5.6或者5.67等。
可以理解的是，电池10在工作的过程中，并不能保证其完全在水平的姿态下工作，其存在倾斜工作的可能性。在电池10沿第二方向N倾斜的情况下，第一凹槽50a也沿第二方向N发生倾斜，第一凹槽50a内的电解液在重力作用下，积聚在第一凹槽50a的最低角落内。如此，需要保证电池10在发生倾斜的情况下，电解液依然能够 通过第一排液孔50b排出。
在电池10沿第二方向N倾斜的角度为10°的情况下，要想第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，w1的最大允许值为5.67h1，而电池10沿第二方向N的倾斜角度越小，w1的最大允许值越大。因此，设置w1≤5.67h1，在电池10沿第二方向N倾斜的工况下，有利于保证第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，进一步提高电池10的可靠性能。
示例性地，电池10应用于车辆中时，第二方向N可以对应车辆中的宽度方向，，根据车辆的相关设计规范，结合车辆的实际运行工况，车辆允许的最大沿宽度方向向前或者向后倾斜的角度为10°。在车辆沿宽度方向倾斜10°的情况下，要想第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，w1的最大允许值为5.67h1，而车辆沿宽度方向的倾斜角度越小，w1的最大允许值越大。因此，设置w1≤5.67h1，在车辆沿宽度方向倾斜的工况下，有利于保证第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，进一步提高车辆的可靠性能。
因此，设置w1≤5.67h1，在电池10沿第二方向N产生不高于10°的倾斜的工况下，电池单体30泄漏出的电解液依然能够通过第一排液孔50b排出。
请继续参阅图16和图17，在一些实施例中，第二侧壁55沿第一壁的厚度方向的尺寸为h2，第一排液孔50b的边缘沿第一方向M与第二侧壁55的最小间距为w2，w2≤2.74h2；其中，第一方向M、第二方向N与第一壁31a的厚度方向O两两相交。
w2≤2.74h2，则w2/h2可以为0.1、0.5、0.6、0.8、1、1.5、1.8、2、2.2、2.5、2.6、2.7或者2.74等。
电池10在工作的过程中，同样存在沿第一方向M倾斜的可能性，在电池10沿第一方向M倾斜的情况下，第一凹槽50a也沿第一方向M发生倾斜，第一凹槽50a内的电解液在重力作用下，积聚在第一凹槽50a的最低角落内。如此，需要保证电池10在发生倾斜的情况下，电解液依然能够通过第一排液孔50b排出。
在电池10沿第一方向M倾斜的角度为20°的情况下，要想第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，w2的最大允许值为2.74h2，而电池10沿第一方向M的倾斜角度越小，w2的最大允许值越大。因此，设置w2≤2.74h2，在电池10沿第一方向M倾斜的工况下，有利于保证第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，进一步提高电池10的可靠性能。
示例性地，电池10应用于车辆中时，第一方向M可以对应车辆中的长度方向，即车辆的行驶方向。第一壁31a的厚度方向对应车辆中的高度方向，根据车辆的相关设计规范，结合车辆的实际运行工况，车辆允许的最大沿长度方向倾斜的角度为20°。在车辆沿长度方向倾斜20°的情况下，要想第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，w2的最大允许值为2.74h2，而车辆沿长度方向的倾斜角度越小，w2的最大允许值越大。因此，设置w2≤2.74h2，在车辆沿长度方向倾斜的工况下，有利于保证第一凹槽50a内的电解液及时通过第一排液孔50b排出，进一步提高车辆的可靠性能。
因此，设置w2≤2.74h2，在电池10沿第一方向M产生不高于20°的倾斜的工况下，电池单体30泄漏出的电解液依然能够通过第一排液孔50b排出。
在一些实施例中，当电池10应用于车辆中时，可以将电池10的第一方向M与车辆的长度方向相对应，电池10的第二方向N与车辆的宽度方向相对应，电池10的厚度方向O与车辆的高度方向相对应，并设置w1和h1满足：w1≤5.67h1，w2和h2满足：w2≤2.74h2。如此，车辆在行驶过程中，无论是发生沿长度方向的20°以内的倾斜，或者，发生沿宽度方向的10°以内的倾斜，均可以使第一凹槽50a内的电解液通过第一排液孔50b排出，有利于提高车辆的可靠性能。
如图6和图7所示，在一些实施例中，第一凹槽50a具有多个第一排液孔50b，多个第一排液孔50b间隔设置。
第一凹槽50a具有多个第一排液孔50b，有利于提高第一凹槽50a内的电解液排出的速率，且在第一凹槽50a的底壁相对于水平方向倾斜的情况下，可以利用倾斜后位置较低的第一排液孔50b排出电解液，如此，进一步有利于及时排出第一凹槽50a内的电解液，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的风险。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一排液孔50b设置于第一凹槽50a的角部位置。
第一凹槽50a的角部位置，可以为第一凹槽50a的底壁靠近任意两个相交的侧壁的相交处的位置。第一凹槽50b可以位于第一凹槽50a的任意角部位置。
设置至少一个第一排液孔50b位于第一凹槽50a的角部位置，则在电池10发生对应方向的倾斜的情况下，第一排液孔50b位于第一凹槽50a的较低位置处，有利于通过第一排液孔50b及时排出第一凹槽50a内的电解液。
示例性地，可以设置至少两个第一排液孔50b分别位于第一凹槽50a相对的两个角落位置处。如此，电池10发生倾斜的情况下，有利于及时排出第一凹槽50a中的电解液。
如图10所示，在一些实施例中，绝缘件50还具有导流槽50c，导流槽50c连通于第一凹槽50a。
可选地，绝缘件50可以具有一个、两个、三个或者多个第一凹槽50a，导流槽50c连通于一个第一凹槽50a，或者连通于多个第一凹槽50a中的至少两个第一凹槽50a。
如此，电池单体30泄漏出的电解液滴落在绝缘件50上，可以先流入导流槽50c中，并经导流槽50c流入第一凹槽50a。如此，便于电池单体30泄漏出的电解液更加及时地流入第一凹槽50a内。
如图4和图10所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括泄压机构34，泄压机构34设置于第一壁31a。泄压机构34沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影的至少部分位于导流槽50c内。
泄压机构34可以用于在电池单体30内部压力达到一定的阈值后爆破，以允许电池单体30内部的气体排出，有利于降低电池单体30发生爆炸的风险。泄压机构34设置于第一壁31a，则泄压机构34与第一壁31a的连接处也存在电解液泄漏的风险。
泄压机构34沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影的至少部分位于导流槽50c内，则示例性地，可以设置泄压机构34沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影全部位于导流槽50c内。如此，经由泄压机构34泄漏出的电解液的至少部分在重力作用下，直接滴落在导流槽50c内，并可以经由导流槽50c流入第一凹 槽50a内。
如此设置，便于从泄压机构34泄漏出的电解液及时流入第一凹槽50a内，进一步降低电池单体30泄漏出的电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的可能性。
在一些实施例中，沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，泄压机构34在绝缘件50上的正投影位于导流槽50c内，且泄压机构34在绝缘件50上的正投影的边缘与导流槽50c的侧壁的最小间距为a，沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，泄压机构34与导流槽50c的最小间距为h3，a≥0.36h3。进一步地，h3为沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，泄压机构34靠近导流槽50c的表面与导流槽50c靠近泄压机构34的表面的最小间距。
a≥0.36h3，则a/h3可以为0.36、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、1、1.5或者2等。
电池在工作的过程中，可能会发生倾斜，在电池发生20°的倾斜的状态下，为了保证由泄压机构34泄漏出的电解液依然能够滴落在导流槽50c内，a的最小值为0.36h3，而电池10的倾斜角度越小，a的要求值也越小。
因此，设置a≥0.36h3，在电池10发生小于20°的倾斜的情况下，有利于提高由泄压机构34泄漏出的电解液落入导流槽50c的可能性，有利于进一步提高电池10的可靠性能。
在一些实施例中，导流槽50c沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷设置，沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，导流槽50c的尺寸小于或者等于第一凹槽50a的尺寸。
设置导流槽50c沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷设置，则导流槽50c的凹陷方向与第一凹槽50a的凹陷方向相同。而设置沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，导流槽50c的尺寸小于或者等于第一凹槽50a的尺寸，则导流槽50c沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O凹陷的深度小于或者等于第一凹槽50a沿厚度方向O凹陷的深度，在电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置的情况下，第一凹槽50a的底壁低于导流槽50c的底壁，便于导流槽50c内的电解液更加顺畅地流入第一凹槽50a内。而在第一凹槽50a的底壁具有第一排液孔50b的实施例中，便于电解液及时排出。
在一些实施例中，第一壁31a具有注液口35，注液口35用于将电解液注入外壳31内，沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，注液口35在绝缘件50上的正投影的至少部分位于导流槽50c内。
注液口35用于向电池单体30内部注入电解液，在完成电解液的注入工作后，便将注液口35密封。然而，随着电池10使用时间的增长，注液口35依然存在电解液泄漏的风险。
沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，注液口35在绝缘件50上的正投影至少部分位于导流槽50c内，则注液口35沿厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影可以部分位于导流槽50c内，或者，注液口35沿厚度方向O的正投影完全位于导流槽50c内。
如此，在电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置的情况下，经由注液口35泄漏出的电解液的至少部分会滴落在导流槽50c内，再经由导流槽50c流入第一凹槽50a内，如此，便于经由注液口35泄漏出的电解液及时经由导流槽50c流入第一凹槽50a内。
如图4、图8和图9所示，在一些实施例中，电池单体30还包括泄压机构34， 泄压机构34设置于第一壁31a，绝缘件50具有沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷的第二凹槽50d。泄压机构34沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影的至少部分位于第二凹槽50d内。
泄压机构34沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影的至少部分位于第二凹槽50d内，则可以设置泄压机构34沿厚度方向O的正投影的一部分位于第二凹槽50d内，或者，泄压机构34沿厚度方向O的正投影的全部位于第二凹槽50d内。
如此，电池单体30经由泄压机构34处泄漏出的电解液至少部分直接流入第二凹槽50d内，并储存在第二凹槽50d内，进一步降低电池单体30泄漏出的电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的风险，提高电池10的可靠性能。
如图8所示，在一些实施例中，第二凹槽50d具有第二排液孔51d，第二排液孔51d贯穿第二凹槽50d的底壁设置。
第二凹槽50d的底壁即为第二凹槽50d与第一壁31a沿厚度方向O相对设置的壁部，第二排液孔51d贯穿第二凹槽50d的底壁，则电池单体30泄漏出的电解液流入第二凹槽50d后，可以通过第二排液孔51d流出，电解液可以不必积聚在第二凹槽50d内。
可选地，可以设置每一个第二凹槽50d均具有第二排液孔51d，或者，设置其中部分第二凹槽50d具有第二排液孔51d，一个第二凹槽50d可以设置一个、两个或者更多个第二排液孔51d，一个第二凹槽50d的多个第二排液孔51d可以间隔设置。
可以理解的是，通过设置第二排液孔51d，以及时排出第二凹槽50d内的电解液，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的风险。
请继续参阅图9，在一些实施例中，绝缘件50还具有,连通流道50e，连通流道50e连通第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d。
可以理解的是，可以根据需要，设置第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d的分别沿厚度方向O的深度，以控制电解液的流向。示例性地，可以设置第一凹槽50a沿厚度方向O的深度大于第二凹槽50d沿厚度方向O的尺寸，如此，第二凹槽50d内的电解液会经由连通流道50e流入第一凹槽50a内，在第一凹槽50a的液位与第二凹槽50d的底壁平齐的情况下，电解液才会存储在第二凹槽50d内。
连通流道50e连通第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d，可以实现第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d内的电解液的互相流动，以平衡第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d内的电解液的存储量，降低第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d中一者内的电解液溢出，而另一者的电解液存储量较少的风险，以使第一凹槽50a和第二凹槽50d可以容纳更多的电解液，进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的风险。
如图6、图8和图10所示，在一些实施例中，电池10包括多个电池单体30，多个电池单体30沿第一方向M排布，绝缘件50具有至少一个第一阻挡凸起52，第一阻挡凸起52沿第二方向N延伸，并位于绝缘件50靠近第一壁31a的一侧，第二方向N与第一方向M相交，示例性地，第一方向M和第二方向N相互垂直。第一阻挡凸起52位于沿第一方向M相邻的两个电池单体30的第一壁31a对应的两个第一凹槽50a之间。
第一阻挡凸起52沿朝向电池单体30的方向凸出设置，第一阻挡凸起52可以通 过注塑、冲压等工艺成型。多个电池单体30至少沿第一方向M排布，则多个电池单体30可以仅仅沿第一方向M排布，或者，多个电池单体30还可以同时沿其它方向如第二方向N排布。
第一阻挡凸起52沿第二方向N延伸，则第一阻挡凸起52可以阻止电解液沿第一方向M在相邻两个第一凹槽50a内相互的流动。
如此，一个电池单体30泄漏出的电解液滴落在绝缘件50后，由于第一阻挡凸起52的阻挡作用，较难流动到相邻另一电池单体30与绝缘件50对应的至少部分区域内，有利于进一步降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部短路的可能性。
请继续参阅图6、图8和图10，在一些实施例中，多个电池单体30沿第一方向M和第二方向N呈矩阵排布，绝缘件50具有至少一个第二阻挡凸起53，第二阻挡凸起53沿第一方向M延伸，并位于绝缘件50靠近第一壁31a的一侧，第二阻挡凸起53与第一阻挡凸起52相交。第二阻挡凸起53位于沿第二方向N相邻的两个电池单体30的第一壁31对应的两个第一凹槽50a之间。
如此，多个电池单体30沿第一方向M和第二方向N排布，可以设置沿第二方向N任意相邻的两个电池单体30对应的第一凹槽50a之间均具有第二阻挡凸起53，或者设置沿第二方向N部分相邻的两个电池单体30对应的第一凹槽50a之间具有第二阻挡凸起53。第一阻挡凸起52与第二阻挡凸起53相交，能够形成一个限位空间，对应的电池单体30泄漏出的电解液仅在对应的限位空间内流动，并流向对应的第一凹槽50a内，而不会流入相邻电池单体30对应的第一凹槽50a内。
因此，设置绝缘件50具有第二阻挡凸起53，并设置第二阻挡凸起53位于沿第二方向N相邻的两个电池单体10的第一壁31a对应的第一槽50a之间，可以利用第二阻挡凸起53，限制电解液沿第二方向N的流动，有利于进一步降低电池单体30泄漏出的电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40的可能性，进一步提高电池10的可靠性能。
如图13、图14和图15所示，在一些实施例中，电池10包括多个电池单体30，多个电池单体30沿第一方向M和第二方向N呈矩阵排布，电池10还包括至少一个绝缘隔离件60，绝缘隔离件60沿第一方向M延伸，绝缘隔离件60设置于沿第二方向N相邻的两个汇流件40之间。
绝缘隔离件60设置于沿第二方向N相邻的两个汇流件40之间，则可以通过绝缘隔离件60实现沿第二方向N相邻的两个汇流件40的绝缘隔离，有利于增大相邻的两个汇流件40的爬电距离，降低二者相互电连接的风险，有利于提高电池的可靠性能。
请继续参阅图13、图14和图15，在一些实施例中，绝缘隔离件60抵接于电池单体30的第一壁31和/或绝缘件50。
可选地，绝缘隔离件60可以仅抵接于电池单体30的第一壁31，或者，绝缘隔离件60仅仅抵接于绝缘件50，当然也可以设置一个绝缘隔离件60的一部分抵接于第一壁31，另一部分抵接于绝缘件50。
绝缘隔离件60抵接于第一壁31或者绝缘件50，则绝缘隔离件60与第一壁31可以通过粘接的方式连接，或者，绝缘隔离件60可以与绝缘件50粘接连接。当然，绝 缘隔离件60也可以仅仅通过外压力的作用下接触在一起。
在绝缘件50设置第二阻挡凸起53的实施例中，也可以设置绝缘隔离件60抵接于第二阻挡凸起53背离第一壁51a的一侧。
设置绝缘隔离件60抵接于第一壁31与绝缘件50中的至少一者，则有利于提高电池10的结构紧凑性，且可以通过绝缘隔离件60进一步提高相邻的两个汇流件40的绝缘效果。
请继续参阅图13、图14和图15，在一些实施例中，绝缘隔离件60抵接于沿第二方向N相邻的两个电池单体30的第一壁31a。
如此，可以通过绝缘隔离件60实现相邻两个电池单体30的电极端子33等结构的绝缘隔离，有利于降低绝缘隔离件60的用量，降低电池10的重量和生产成本。
请继续参阅图13、图14和图15，在一些实施例中，电池还包括防护件70，防护件70设置于绝缘隔离件60背离电池单体30的一侧，绝缘隔离件60抵接于防护件70。
防护件70可以呈任意形状，示例性地，防护件70可以呈板状。可选地，防护件70可以形成为电池10的箱体的一部分，例如，防护件70可以为电池10的箱体的底板。
绝缘隔离件60可以抵接于电池单体30的第一壁31a与防护件70之间，或者，绝缘隔离件60抵接于绝缘件50与防护件70之间。可选地，绝缘隔离件60可以与防护件70粘接。如此，可以增大电池10内部的电气间隙和爬电距离，有利于进一步提高电池10的可靠性能，且绝缘隔离件60还能够增大电池10的整体结构强度。
请继续参阅图13、图14和图15，在一些实施例中，防护件70与汇流件40之间具有间隙。
防护件70与汇流件40之间的间隙可以根基实际需要进行选取。在防护件受到冲击、振动等载荷的作用下，防护件70可以承受一定的载荷，并朝向汇流件40的方向产生形变，设置防护件70与汇流件40之间具有间隙，可以利用该该间隙作为防护件70的形变避让空间，对防护件70的形变具有一定的缓冲作用，降低外界的冲击或者振动等载荷损伤汇流件40的风险，对汇流件40具有一定的保护作用。
在一些实施例中，电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置。
电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置，则沿重力方向，电极端子33位于电池单体30的外壳31的最底部，绝缘件50位于电池单体30沿重力方向的下方，第一凹槽50a也沿重力方向向下凹陷。如此，经由电极端子33与第一壁31a的连接处泄漏出的电解液在重力作用下，滴落在绝缘件50上，并流入第一凹槽50a内。因此，如此设置，有利于电解液及时流入第一凹槽50a内。
本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置，包括上述任一实施例中的电池10，电池10用于为用电装置提供电能，电池单体30的电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，由于采用了本申请实施例提供的电池10，在电池单体30的电解液泄漏的情况下，可以利用第一凹槽50a存储电解液，降低电解液电连接电池10内部的相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的可能性，有利于 提高用电装置的可靠性能。
本申请实施例提供一种电池10，包括电池单体30、汇流件40、绝缘件50、绝缘隔离件60和防护件70。电池单体30包括外壳31、电极端子33、泄压机构34，外壳31具有第一壁31a，电极端子33和泄压机构34设置于第一壁31a，电极端子33沿重力方向朝下设置。汇流件40电连接电极端子33，绝缘件50设置于汇流件40面向电极端子33的一侧，并覆盖第一壁31a的至少部分，绝缘件50具有沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷的第一凹槽50a。第一壁31a对应设置有至少四个第一凹槽50a，至少四个第一凹槽50a包括与第一壁31a的两对对角分别对应设置的四个第一凹槽50a。第一凹槽50a具有第一排液孔50b，第一排液孔50b贯穿第一凹槽50a的底壁设置。第一凹槽50a具有沿第一方向M延伸的第一侧壁54和沿第二方向N延伸的第二侧壁55，第一侧壁54与第二侧壁55相邻，且第一侧壁54和第二侧壁55均连接于第一凹槽50a的底壁的外周。第一侧壁54沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O的尺寸为h1，第一排液孔50b的边缘沿第二方向N与第一侧壁54的最小间距为w1，w1≤5.67h1。第二侧壁55沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O的尺寸为h2，第一排液孔50b的边缘沿第一方向M与第二侧壁55的最小间距为w2，w2≤2.74h2，其中，第一方向M、第二方向N与第一壁31a的厚度方向O两两相交，示例性地，第一方向M、第二方向N以及第一壁31a的厚度方向O两两垂直。绝缘件50还具有导流槽50c，导流槽50c沿背离第一壁31a的方向凹陷设置，并连通第一凹槽50a，泄压机构34沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O在绝缘件50上的正投影的位于导流槽50c内，且泄压机构34在绝缘件50上的正投影的边缘与导流槽50c的侧壁的最小间距为a，沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，泄压机构34与导流槽50c的最小间距为h3，a≥0.36h3。沿第一壁31a的厚度方向O，导流槽50c的尺寸小于或者等于第一凹槽50a的尺寸。电池10包括多个电池单体30，多个电池单体30沿第一方向M和第二方向N呈矩阵排布，绝缘件50具有至少一个第一阻挡凸起52和至少一个第二阻挡凸起53，第一阻挡凸起52沿第二方向N延伸，并位于绝缘件50靠近第一壁31a的一侧，第一阻挡凸起52位于沿第一方向M相邻的两个电池单体30的第一壁31a对应的两个第一凹槽50a之间。第二阻挡凸起53沿第一方向M延伸，并位于绝缘件50靠近第一壁31a的一侧，第二阻挡凸起53与第一阻挡凸起52相交，第二阻挡凸起53位于沿第二方向N相邻的两个电池单体30的第一壁31a对应的两个第一凹槽50a之间。绝缘隔离件60沿第一方向M延伸，并位于沿第二方向N相邻的两个汇流件40之间，绝缘隔离件60抵接于沿第二方向N相邻的两个电池单体30的第一壁31a。防护件70设置于绝缘隔离件60背离电池单体30的一侧，绝缘隔离件60抵接于防护件70，防护件70与汇流件40之间具有间隙。
本申请实施例提供的电池10，可以利用第一凹槽50a容纳电池单体30泄漏的电解液，在电池10中的电池单体30的第一壁31a水平放置或者相对于水平方向发生一定的倾斜的情况下，可以通过第一排液孔50d排出，降低电解液电连接相邻两个汇流件40而造成电池10内部高压短路的风险，同时有利于增大相邻两个汇流件40之间的电气间隙和爬电距离，有利于提高电池10的可靠性能。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以 相互组合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    电池单体，包括外壳和电极端子，所述外壳具有第一壁，所述电极端子设置于所述第一壁；
    汇流件，电连接所述电极端子；
    绝缘件，设置于所述汇流件面向所述电极端子的一侧，并覆盖所述第一壁的至少部分，所述绝缘件具有沿背离所述第一壁的方向凹陷的第一凹槽。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述绝缘件具有朝向所述第一壁一侧的第二壁，所述第二壁围设于所述第一凹槽周侧的至少部分，由所述第一凹槽的周侧向外，所述第二壁沿靠近所述第一壁的方向倾斜设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其中，所述电池包括多个所述电池单体，所述绝缘件设置有多个所述第一凹槽，每一个所述电池单体的所述第一壁均与至少一个所述第一凹槽相对设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第一壁对应设置有至少两个所述第一凹槽，至少两个所述第一凹槽包括与所述第一壁的对角分别对应设置的两个所述第一凹槽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其中，所述第一壁对应设置有至少四个所述第一凹槽，至少四个所述第一凹槽包括与所述第一壁的两对对角分别对应设置的四个所述第一凹槽。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第一凹槽具有第一排液孔，所述第一排液孔贯穿所述第一凹槽的底壁设置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其中，所述第一凹槽具有沿第一方向延伸的第一侧壁和沿第二方向延伸的第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁与所述第二侧壁相连，且所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁均连接于所述第一凹槽的底壁的外周；
    所述第一侧壁沿所述第一壁的厚度方向的尺寸为h1，所述第一排液孔的边缘沿所述第二方向与所述第一侧壁的最小间距为w1，w1≤5.67h1；和/或，所述第二侧壁沿所述第一壁的厚度方向的尺寸为h2，所述第一排液孔的边缘沿所述第一方向与所述第二侧壁的最小间距为w2，w2≤2.74h2；
    其中，所述第一方向、所述第二方向与所述第一壁的厚度方向两两相交。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池，其中，所述第一凹槽具有多个所述第一排液孔，多个所述第一排液孔间隔设置。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任一项所述的电池，其中，至少一个所述第一排液孔设置于所述第一凹槽的角部位置。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池，其中，所述绝缘件还具有导流槽，所述导流槽连通于所述第一凹槽。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体还包括泄压机构，所述泄压 机构设置于所述第一壁，所述泄压机构沿所述第一壁的厚度方向在所述绝缘件上的正投影的至少部分位于所述导流槽内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述泄压机构在所述绝缘件上的正投影位于所述导流槽内，且所述泄压机构在所述绝缘件上的正投影的边缘与所述导流槽的侧壁的最小间距为a，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述泄压机构与所述导流槽的最小间距为h3，a≥0.36h3。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12任一项所述的电池，其中，所述导流槽沿背离所述第一壁的方向凹陷设置，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述导流槽的尺寸小于或者等于所述第一凹槽的尺寸。
  14. 根据权利要求10至13任一项所述的电池，其中，所述第一壁具有注液口，所述注液口用于将电解液注入所述外壳内，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述注液口在所述绝缘件上的正投影的至少部分位于所述导流槽内。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体还包括泄压机构，所述泄压机构设置于所述第一壁，所述绝缘件具有沿背离所述第一壁的方向凹陷的第二凹槽，所述泄压机构沿所述第一壁的厚度方向在所述绝缘件上的正投影的至少部分位于所述第二凹槽内。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池，其中，所述第二凹槽具有第二排液孔，所述第二排液孔贯穿所述第二凹槽的底壁设置。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的电池，其中，所述绝缘件还具有连通流道，所述连通流道连通所述第一凹槽和所述第二凹槽。
  18. 根据权利要求1至17任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池包括多个所述电池单体，多个所述电池单体沿第一方向排布，所述绝缘件具有至少一个第一阻挡凸起，所述第一阻挡凸起沿第二方向延伸，并位于所述绝缘件靠近所述第一壁的一侧，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相交；所述第一阻挡凸起位于沿所述第一方向相邻的两个所述电池单体的第一壁对应的两个所述第一凹槽之间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池，其中，多个所述电池单体沿所述第一方向和所述第二方向呈矩阵排布，所述绝缘件具有至少一个第二阻挡凸起，所述第二阻挡凸起沿所述第一方向延伸，并位于所述绝缘件靠近所述第一壁的一侧，所述第二阻挡凸起与所述第一阻挡凸起相交；所述第二阻挡凸起位于沿所述第二方向相邻的两个所述电池单体的所述第一壁对应的两个所述第一凹槽之间。
  20. 根据权利要求1至19任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池包括多个所述电池单体，多个所述电池单体沿第一方向和第二方向呈矩阵排布，所述第一方向与所述第二方向相交；
    所述电池还包括至少一个绝缘隔离件，所述绝缘隔离件沿所述第一方向延伸，所述绝缘隔离件设置于沿所述第二方向相邻的两个所述汇流件之间。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的电池，其中，所述绝缘隔离件抵接于所述电池单体的所述第一壁和/或所述绝缘件。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电池，其中，所述绝缘隔离件抵接于沿所述第二方向相 邻的两个所述电池单体的所述第一壁。
  23. 根据权利要求20至22任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括防护件，所述防护件设置于所述绝缘隔离件背离所述电池单体的一侧，所述绝缘隔离件抵接于所述防护件。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的电池，其中，沿所述第一壁的厚度方向，所述防护件与所述汇流件之间具有间隙。
  25. 根据权利要求1至24任一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体的所述电极端子沿重力方向朝下设置。
  26. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求1至25任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能，所述电池单体的所述电极端子沿重力方向朝下设置。
PCT/CN2023/078416 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 电池以及用电装置 Ceased WO2024178536A1 (zh)

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