WO2024187660A1 - 一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法 - Google Patents

一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024187660A1
WO2024187660A1 PCT/CN2023/109561 CN2023109561W WO2024187660A1 WO 2024187660 A1 WO2024187660 A1 WO 2024187660A1 CN 2023109561 W CN2023109561 W CN 2023109561W WO 2024187660 A1 WO2024187660 A1 WO 2024187660A1
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Prior art keywords
content
corrosion
steel bar
temperature
resistant steel
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PCT/CN2023/109561
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈焕德
麻晗
杨晓伟
张宇
周云
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Jiangsu Shagang Group Co Ltd
Jiangsu Shagang Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Shagang Group Co Ltd
Jiangsu Shagang Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd
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Application filed by Jiangsu Shagang Group Co Ltd, Jiangsu Shagang Iron and Steel Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Shagang Group Co Ltd
Priority to US18/850,459 priority Critical patent/US20250215542A1/en
Priority to KR1020247031131A priority patent/KR20240172178A/ko
Priority to EP23927006.9A priority patent/EP4484599A4/en
Priority to JP2024557885A priority patent/JP7850822B2/ja
Publication of WO2024187660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024187660A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
    • C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and specifically relates to a corrosion-resistant steel bar and a production method thereof.
  • the corrosion-resistant steel bar is designed by associating elements such as Si, Ti, and Al, and ensures that the steel bar has good corrosion resistance without adding Mo elements, but Cr and Ni elements still need to be added, and the content of Cr and Ni elements is high, resulting in increased costs. Therefore, it is of great significance to the art to research and develop a steel bar that has good corrosion resistance without adding alloy elements such as Cr, Ni, and Mo.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art that alloy elements such as Cr, Ni, Mo, etc. are required to be added to improve the corrosion resistance of steel bars, resulting in high cost and difficulty in producing steel bars, thereby providing a corrosion-resistant steel bar and a production method thereof.
  • the present application provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, comprising, by weight percentage: C: 0.03-0.15%, Si: 0.8-2.0%, Mn: 0.8-2.0%, Cu: 0.10-0.50%, P: 0.08-0.2%, S: 0.005-0.01%, Nb ⁇ 0.1%, V ⁇ 0.2%, Ti ⁇ 0.1%, Al ⁇ 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the corrosion-resistant steel bar satisfies at least one of (1) to (5):
  • the C content is 0.05-0.12%
  • the corrosion-resistant steel bar satisfies at least one of (1) to (4):
  • the present application provides a production process for the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bars, and the processes include: smelting, refining, continuous casting, heating of ingots and hot continuous rolling.
  • the continuous casting process satisfies at least one of (1) to (4):
  • the smelting process satisfies at least one of (1) to (3):
  • the tapping temperature is 1600-1640°C
  • the steelmaking deoxidation alloy is added in the order of silicon manganese, ferrosilicon and lime;
  • the amount of silicon manganese added is 10-30kg/t, and the amount of ferrosilicon added is 15-30kg/t;
  • the early stage refers to the process from the beginning to the end of alloying
  • the later stage refers to the process from when the composition of the molten steel reaches the target composition to the end of smelting.
  • the ingot heating process the heating temperature is 1200-1250°C.
  • the upper cooling bed temperature is 850-900°C.
  • the refining process satisfies at least one of (1) to (3):
  • the refining process includes the steps of adding ferrophosphorus and copper;
  • the tapping temperature is 1580-1600°C.
  • the mass content of phosphorus in the ferrophosphorus is 20-25%;
  • the amount of ferrophosphorus added is 3-6kg/t;
  • the amount of copper added is 1.5-3.5 kg/t.
  • the corrosion-resistant steel bar provided in the present application comprises, by weight percentage, C: 0.03-0.15%, Si: 0.8-2.0%, Mn: 0.8-2.0%, Cu: 0.10-0.50%, P: 0.08-0.2%, S: 0.005-0.01%, Nb ⁇ 0.1%, V ⁇ 0.2%, Ti ⁇ 0.1%, Al ⁇ 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities; wherein, 0.6 ⁇ Si/Mn ⁇ 2.0, 0.25 ⁇ Cu+P+S ⁇ 0.62.
  • This application uses the associated design of alloy elements such as Si, Mn, Cu, P, and S, comprehensively considers the strengthening and corrosion resistance of each element, makes up for the problem of reduced corrosion resistance of steel due to not adding Cr, Ni, and Mo, and reduces the production cost of steel bars; the coordinated effect of each element at a specific content can give full play to the corrosion resistance and strengthening effects, solves the problem that the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and cost of the existing technology cannot be achieved at the same time, and overcomes the technical bias of the existing technology that Cr, Ni, or Mo must be added to improve corrosion resistance.
  • This application especially Si, Mn, Cu, and S The four are synergistically coupled to enhance the chloride corrosion resistance and steel strength-plasticity coordination.
  • the corrosion-resistant steel bars provided in this application can have both corrosion resistance and low cost, overcoming the problem of corrosion resistance and alloy cost being difficult to coordinate in the prior art, and significantly extending the service life of construction projects in chloride corrosion environments.
  • the C element plays a strengthening role. If its content is too high, it is easy to form carbides, which will reduce the corrosion resistance, plasticity, toughness and welding performance of steel.
  • the Si element acts as a deoxidizer, which can significantly reduce the oxygen content in steel and reduce the formation of oxide inclusions. High Si content is conducive to the formation of silicate phase on the surface of steel, blocking the transmission and aggregation of corrosive media, and improving corrosion resistance. At the same time, Si is a strengthening element and ferrite forming element. High content is conducive to regulating strength and plasticity, overcoming the brittleness problem caused by excessive Cu and P content, and optimizing mechanical properties. Too high Si content is not conducive to welding. Mn can significantly improve the strength of steel through solid solution strengthening.
  • Cu is a corrosion-resistant element. It is enriched in the rust layer and forms CuS with S to improve corrosion resistance, but too high Cu content is easy to cause copper embrittlement. P can improve the corrosion resistance of steel bars, and has the best effect when it works in synergy with Cu. Too high a P content will increase the cold brittleness of steel.
  • S and Cu form dense CuS, which can hinder the transmission of corrosive media and help improve corrosion resistance.
  • S and Mn are easy to form inclusions, it is easier to form CuS than MnS. Therefore, an appropriate amount of S element is a favorable element for this application, and it can improve corrosion resistance when combined with Cu.
  • Ti is a corrosion-resistant and strengthening element that can increase the corrosion potential and corrosiveness of steel. It can improve the mechanical properties of steel through fine grain strengthening. Too high Ti content is prone to generate oxides, which block the water inlet during continuous casting. Al deoxidizes during the smelting process and reduces the oxygen content in the molten steel. At the same time, Al can form oxides in the steel and accumulate in the rust layer to improve corrosion resistance. If its content is too high, it is easy to block the water inlet during continuous casting. V and Nb are both strengthening elements that form carbonitrides in steel. They improve the mechanical properties of steel through fine grain strengthening and precipitation strengthening. This strengthening effect is related to the C and N content.
  • This application adopts low-carbon alloy steel composition, coordinates the content of each element through the correlation design of each element, and fully exerts the corrosion resistance and strengthening effect of each element. Through the fine control of alloy ratio and complex phase structure, it solves the problem that the existing technology cannot have both corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and low cost.
  • the production process of corrosion-resistant steel bars provided in this application, the corrosion-resistant steel bars obtained by this production process have good resistance to chloride corrosion, no need to add Cr, Ni and Mo, low cost, and low production process difficulty.
  • the steel bar structure obtained by this process is pearlite and ferrite, with ferrite accounting for 50-75%, yield strength ⁇ 400MPa, elongation after fracture ⁇ 30%, maximum force total elongation ⁇ 20%, strength-yield ratio ⁇ 1.30, and under chloride corrosion environment (5% NaCl, 35°C, humidity 70%), compared with ordinary steel bar HRB400, the relative value of corrosion rate is not more than 35%.
  • the production process of corrosion-resistant steel bars realizes fine control of the content of multi-element alloys and low-cost production by controlling the type and method of alloy addition during the steel bar production process.
  • the controlled rolling and controlled cooling process (ingot heating temperature, upper cooling bed temperature, etc.), the regulation of ferrite/pearlite multiphase structure is achieved, the strengthening effect of alloy elements is ensured, the coordinated matching of steel bar corrosion resistance and strength-plasticity is optimized, and the development of low-cost, high-corrosion-resistant alloy steel bars is realized.
  • the tapping temperature in the smelting process of the present application can (1) ensure that the scrap steel is completely dissolved during smelting, and (2) ensure the temperature of the molten steel when it enters the refining process. This is because the addition of alloys during the smelting and tapping process will increase the temperature of the molten steel. The degree decreases, affecting the refining temperature; the present application can achieve efficient smelting and fine control of composition by controlling smelting.
  • the refining steelmaking temperature is 1580-1600°C, which is related to the continuous casting temperature. This is because the refining temperature determines the continuous casting temperature, and the continuous casting temperature is calculated based on the alloy composition and is directly related to the content of each element in the steel bar.
  • Low-carbon steel protective slag is used for continuous casting, and the thickness of the slag layer is 8-10mm.
  • the effect of carbon in the protective slag on the carbon content in the molten steel is reduced to ensure accurate control of the carbon content of the finished product, meet the low-carbon requirements, and prevent carbides from affecting the corrosion resistance.
  • the slag layer can reduce the contact and convection between the molten steel and the air, and maintain the stability of the molten steel temperature.
  • the electromagnetic stirring parameters are closely related to the uniformity of the molten steel composition.
  • the product of this application is corrosion-resistant steel. The purer the molten steel, the better the corrosion resistance.
  • the water flow rate of the crystallizer mainly plays a cooling role.
  • the pulling speed is affected by the temperature of the molten steel, the cooling capacity, etc. The appropriate pulling speed can ensure the acquisition of highly uniform ingots while avoiding steel leakage accidents.
  • the heating temperature of the ingot affects the dissolution of alloy elements and grain size, and has a significant impact on the product structure and mechanical properties.
  • This parameter setting is determined based on the alloy composition (element dissolution temperature) and grain size.
  • the upper cooling bed temperature is related to the cooling method, and is mainly designed based on the continuous cooling curve of supercooled austenite of the steel bar.
  • the following specific embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.03-0.15%, Si: 0.8-2.0%, Mn: 0.8-2.0%, Cu: 0.10-0.50%, P: 0.08-0.2%, S: 0.005-0.01%, Nb ⁇ 0.1%, V ⁇ 0.2%, Ti ⁇ 0.1%, Al ⁇ 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • C is 0.05-0.12%; more preferably 0.06-0.09%;
  • Si is 0.9-1.7%; more preferably 1.0-1.3%;
  • Mn is 0.9-1.8%; more preferably 1.0-1.5%;
  • P is 0.11-0.18%; more preferably 0.13-0.17%.
  • the production process of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises the following steps:
  • ferrophosphorus and copper plate are added respectively.
  • the refining soft stirring time is not less than 10 minutes, and the steel-out temperature is 1580-1600°C; based on 1t of molten steel, the amount of ferrophosphorus added is 3-6kg/t, the phosphorus content in ferrophosphorus is 20-25wt%, and the amount of copper plate added is 1.5-3.5kg/t.
  • Continuous casting low carbon steel protective slag is used, the slag layer thickness is 8-10mm, the pulling speed is 2.5-3.5m/min, the crystallizer water flow rate is 1950-2050L/min, the crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 330A-370A, the frequency is 3-5Hz; the end electromagnetic stirring current is 380A-420A, the frequency is 10-12Hz.
  • Ingot heating The heating temperature is 1200-1250°C.
  • Hot rolling The temperature of the upper cooling bed is 850-900°C, and it is naturally cooled to room temperature after rolling.
  • the control of the cooling speed after rolling and the temperature of the upper cooling bed is conducive to obtaining the ideal structure.
  • This embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which includes, by weight percentage: C: 0.06%, Si: 1.0%, Mn: 1.0%, Cu: 0.2%, P: 0.13%, S: 0.005%, Nb: 0.075%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Smelting process smelting molten steel in converter, tapping temperature 1630 °C, based on 1t molten steel, adding 20kg/t silicon manganese (FeMn 65 S 17 ) and 20kg/t ferrosilicon (FeSi 72 ) to tapping; argon gas is blown throughout the tapping process, bottom blowing pressure control: 0.4MPa in the early stage, 0.3MPa in the later stage.
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 4kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 1.5kg/t), ferroniobium (Nb content 65%, added amount 1.2kg/t); refining soft stirring time 12min, continuous casting temperature 1600°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 8mm; pulling speed is 2.8m/min; mold water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 3Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 10Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1220°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 880°C, and naturally cools to room temperature after rolling.
  • the steel bar diameter is 20mm.
  • This embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which includes, by weight percentage: C: 0.08%, Si: 1.28%, Mn: 1.0%, Cu: 0.25%, P: 0.15%, S: 0.005%, V: 0.15%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 4.5kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 1.8kg/t), ferrovanadium (V content 48%, added amount 3.3kg/t); refining soft stirring time 13min, continuous casting Steel temperature 1595°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 10mm; pulling speed is 3.0m/min; crystallizer water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 330A, frequency is 5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 390A, frequency is 10Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 890°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 28mm.
  • the present embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, comprising, by weight percentage: C: 0.09%, Si: 1.3%, Mn: 1.5%, Cu: 0.3%, P: 0.17%, S: 0.01%, Nb: 0.10%, Ti: 0.01%, Al: 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • Si/Mn 0.87
  • Cu+P+S 0.48.
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 5kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 2.0kg/t), ferroniobium (V content 65%, added amount 1.6kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 0.5kg/t), aluminum particles (Al content 99%, added amount 0.15kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1595°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 9mm; pulling speed is 2.6m/min; crystallizer water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 370A, frequency is 3.5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 420A, frequency is 11Hz; billet cross-sectional dimensions are 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1200°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 900°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 32mm.
  • This embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which includes, by weight percentage: C: 0.05%, Si: 0.9%, Mn: 1.49%, Cu: 0.5%, P: 0.11%, S: 0.01%, Nb: 0.03%, V: 0.15%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 3.5kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 3.5kg/t), ferroniobium (V content 65%, added amount 0.5kg/t), ferrovanadium (V content 48%, added amount 3.3kg/t); refining soft stirring time 11min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1600°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 8mm; pulling speed is 3.5m/min; crystallizer water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 380A, frequency is 12Hz; billet cross-sectional dimensions are 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 850°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 16mm.
  • This embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which includes, by weight percentage: C: 0.12%, Si: 1.7%, Mn: 0.9%, Cu: 0.1%, P: 0.18%, S: 0.01%, Ti: 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 5.5kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 1.5kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 5kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1590°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 10mm; pulling speed is 2.5m/min; mold water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 12Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 880°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 10mm.
  • the present embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.03%, Si: 0.8%, Mn: 0.8%, Cu: 0.3%, P: 0.08%, S: 0.005%, V: 0.2%, Ti: 0.01%, Al: 0.01%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 3kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 2kg/t), ferrovanadium (V content 48%, added amount 4kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 0.5kg/t), aluminum particles (Al content 99%, added amount 0.15kg/t); refining soft stirring time 10min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1595°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 9.5mm; pulling speed is 2.6m/min; crystallizer water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 345A, frequency is 3.5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 405A, frequency is 11Hz; billet cross-sectional dimensions are 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1200°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 900°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 18mm.
  • This embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which includes, by weight percentage: C: 0.15%, Si: 2%, Mn: 2%, Cu: 0.25%, P: 0.2%, S: 0.01%, Al: 0.1%, the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 6kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 1.8kg/t), aluminum particles (Al content 99%, added amount 1.5kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1600°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 8.5mm; pulling speed is 2.6m/min; crystallizer water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 410A, frequency is 12Hz; billet cross-sectional dimensions are 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 900°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 25mm.
  • the present embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, comprising, by weight percentage: C: 0.08%, Si: 2%, Mn: 1%, Cu: 0.145%, P: 0.1%, S: 0.005%, Nb: 0.05%, V: 0.05%, Ti: 0.1%, Al: 0.1%, and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 3.5kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 1.9kg/t), ferroniobium (Nb content 65%, added amount 0.8kg/t), ferrovanadium (V content 48%, added amount 1kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 5kg/t), aluminum particles (Al content 99%, added amount 1.5kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1600°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 10mm; pulling speed is 2.6m/min; crystallizer water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 395A, frequency is 12Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 900°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 28mm.
  • This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.25%, Si: 0.5%, Mn: 1.5%, Cu: 0.3%, P: 0.035%, S: 0.0035%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • Si/Mn 0.33
  • Cu+P+S 0.34.
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process no ferrophosphorus, copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 2kg/t), ferroniobium (Nb content 65%, added amount 0.8kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 5kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting temperature 1600°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 8mm; pulling speed is 2.6m/min; mold water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 4Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 11Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 900°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 25mm.
  • This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.08%, Si: 2.5%, Mn: 0.5%, P: 0.035%, S: 0.0035%, V: 0.15%, Ti: 0.1%, Al: 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process without adding ferrophosphorus and steel plate, ferrovanadium (V content 48%, added amount 3kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 5kg/t), aluminum particles (Al content 99%, added amount 1.5kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting temperature 1590°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 10mm; pulling speed is 2.5m/min; mold water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 4Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 11Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1200°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 850°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 20mm.
  • This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.25%, Si: 0.6%, Mn: 2.5%, Cu: 0.5%, P: 0.2%, S: 0.01%, V: 0.15%, Ti: 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 6kg/t), steel plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 3.5kg/t), ferrovanadium (V content 48%, added amount 3kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 5kg/t);
  • the refining and soft stirring time is 15 minutes, and the continuous casting temperature is 1610°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 5mm; pulling speed is 2.5m/min; mold water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 4Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 11Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 880°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 16mm.
  • This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.25%, Si: 2.5%, Mn: 2.5%, Cu: 1%, P: 0.2%, S: 0.01%, Nb: 0.05%, Ti: 0.1%, Al: 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 6kg/t), steel plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 4kg/t), ferroniobium (Nb content 65%, added amount 0.8kg/t), ferrotitanium (Ti content 30%, added amount 5kg/t), aluminum particles (Al content 99%, added amount 1.5kg/t); refining soft stirring time 15min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1610°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 11mm; pulling speed is 2.5m/min; mold water flow rate is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 5Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 12Hz; billet cross-sectional size is 140mm ⁇ 140mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1250°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 900°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 32mm.
  • This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant steel bar, which comprises, by weight percentage: C: 0.15%, Si: 0.7%, Mn: 1.35%, Cu: 0.3%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.005%, Nb: 0.015%, Cr: 1.35%, Ni: 0.3%, Mo: 0.1%, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
  • the production method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant steel bar comprises:
  • Smelting process smelting molten steel in a converter, tapping temperature 1630 °C, adding 27kg/t of silicon manganese (FeMn 65 S 17 ), 14kg/t of ferrosilicon (FeSi 72 ), 30kg/t of ferrochrome (Cr content 65%), and 3kg/t of ferromolybdenum (Mo content 55%); argon is blown throughout the tapping process, and the bottom blowing pressure is controlled: 0.4MPa in the early stage and 0.3MPa in the later stage.
  • Refining process ferrophosphorus (P content 23%, added amount 1kg/t), copper plate (Cu content 99%, added amount 2kg/t), ferroniobium (Nb content 65%, added amount 0.3kg/t), nickel plate (nickel content 99%, 2kg/t); refining soft stirring time 12min, continuous casting steelmaking temperature 1600°C.
  • slag layer thickness is 8mm; casting speed is 2.8m/min; crystallizer water flow is 2000 ⁇ 50L/min, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring current is 350A, frequency is 3Hz; terminal electromagnetic stirring current is 400A, frequency is 10Hz;
  • the cross-sectional dimensions of the ingot are 140 mm ⁇ 140 mm (width ⁇ height).
  • Ingot heating and hot rolling process heating temperature is 1220°C, upper cooling bed temperature is 880°C, naturally cool to room temperature after rolling, steel bar diameter is 20mm.
  • This test example provides the properties of the steel bars obtained in each embodiment and comparative example, as follows:
  • Test method for tensile strength refer to the national standard GB/T228.1-2010 Metal Material Tensile Test Part 1.
  • Test method for elongation after fracture refer to the national standard GB/T228.1-2010 Metal Material Tensile Test Part 1.
  • Total elongation at maximum force refer to the national standard GB/T228.1-2010 Metal material tensile test part 1.
  • Relative value of corrosion rate The chloride corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant steel bars prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example was tested respectively, and the improvement multiple of the chloride corrosion resistance compared with the HRB400 steel bar was calculated; the specific test method is: a corrosion-resistant steel bar with a length of 100 mm was cut, and a test sample with a diameter of 10 mm was obtained by turning on a lathe, and the test sample was placed in a corrosion solution for salt spray corrosion test at a temperature of 35°C and a humidity of 70%.
  • the test corrosion solution was a 5wt% sodium chloride solution with a pH value of 7.0, and the test time was 14 days.
  • the weight of the test sample before and after corrosion was tested by an electronic microbalance.
  • Ferrite and pearlite testing method The organization types of the corrosion-resistant steel bars prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example were observed under a field of view magnified 200 times by a Zeiss optical microscope, and the volume proportion of ferrite was calculated. Ferrite appears white under an optical microscope, and pearlite appears black. The volume ratio of each organization in the surface area was calculated by color difference. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the present application can have good corrosion resistance without adding Cr, Ni or Mo, and the corrosion-resistant steel bars of the present application can have corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and low cost. Furthermore, the relative corrosion rate of the corrosion-resistant steel bars provided by the present application is not greater than 35%.
  • Comparative Examples 1-4 it can be seen that the present application can make the steel bar have both good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, and strength-plasticity coordination matching by controlling Si/Mn, Cu+P+S.
  • Comparative Example 5 it can be seen that compared with the steel bar with Cr added, the mechanical properties of the steel bar provided by the present application are better, such as elongation after fracture and total elongation at maximum force, indicating that the present application can make the steel bar have good strength and mechanical properties without adding Cr, Ni and Mo, and the cost is lower.

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Abstract

属于钢铁冶炼技术领域，提供一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法。按重量百分比计，耐腐蚀钢筋包括C：0.03-0.15％，Si：0.8-2.0％，Mn：0.8-2.0％，Cu：0.10-0.50％，P：0.08-0.2％，S：0.005-0.01％，Nb≤0.1％，V≤0.2％，Ti≤0.1％，Al≤0.1％，余量为Fe以及不可避免的杂质；0.6≤Si/Mn≤2.0，0.25≤Cu+P+S≤0.62。通过Si、Mn、Cu、P、S等合金元素的关联设计，考虑各元素的强化作用和耐蚀作用，解决了现有技术耐蚀性、力学性能和成本不能兼具的问题，克服了现有技术在提升耐蚀性必加Cr、Ni或Mo的技术偏见。

Description

一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2023年3月16日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310252937.7、发明名称为“一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于钢铁冶炼技术领域，具体涉及一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法。
背景技术
钢筋锈蚀是导致钢筋混凝土结构耐久性不足的主要因素，现有技术通过添加大量的铬、钼、镍等合金元素来提高钢筋耐腐蚀性能，但是合金成本高、生产难度大，难以大范围推广应用。
中国专利文献CN114790532A公开了一种合金耐蚀钢筋及其制备方法，该合金耐蚀钢筋按重量百分比计，包括：C:0.05-0.25％、Si:1.05-2％、Mn:0.3-1.5％、Cr:0.5-2.5％、Ni:0.05-1％、O:0.001-0.005％、S:0.001-0.0035％、Ti:0.005-0.1％、A1:0.005-0.1％、V:0.005-0.03％、Nb:0.005-0.03％；余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；所述Si、Mn的含量满足2≤Si/Mn≤5；Si、Cr的含量满足0.75≤Si/Cr≤1.5；Ti、Al的含量满足0.02％≤Ti+Al≤0.2％，该耐蚀钢筋通过Si、Ti、Al等元素关联设计，在不添加Mo元素的前提下保证钢筋具有较好的耐腐蚀性能，但是仍需添加Cr和Ni元素，且Cr和Ni元素含量高，导致成本增加。因此，研究开发一种无需添加Cr、Ni、Mo等合金元素就可具有较好耐腐蚀性能的钢筋对于本领域来说意义重大。
发明内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术均需添加Cr、Ni、Mo等合金元素来提升钢筋耐腐蚀性能，导致钢筋生产成本高、难度大等缺陷，从而提供一种耐腐蚀钢筋及其生产方法。
为此，本申请提供了以下技术方案。
本申请提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.03-0.15％，Si：0.8-2.0％，Mn：0.8-2.0％，Cu：0.10-0.50％，P：0.08-0.2％，S：0.005-0.01％，Nb≤0.1％，V≤0.2％，Ti≤0.1％，Al≤0.1％，余量为Fe以及不可避免的杂质；
其中，0.6≤Si/Mn≤2.0，0.25≤Cu+P+S≤0.62。
所述耐腐蚀钢筋满足(1)-(5)中的至少一项：
(1)所述C为0.05-0.12％；
(2)所述Si为0.9-1.7％；
(3)所述Mn为0.9-1.8％；
(4)所述Cu为0.2-0.3％；
(5)所述P为0.11-0.18％。
所述耐腐蚀钢筋满足(1)-(4)中的至少一项：
(1)所述C为0.06-0.09％；
(2)所述Si为1.0-1.3％；
(3)所述Mn为1.0-1.5％；
(4)所述P为0.13-0.17％。
本申请提供了一种上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产工艺，其工序包括：冶炼、精炼、连铸、铸坯加热和热连轧。
所述连铸工序满足(1)-(4)中的至少一项：
(1)采用低碳钢保护渣，渣层厚度为8-10mm；其中，低碳钢中的碳含量不大于0.15％；
(2)结晶器水流量为1950-2050L/min；
(3)结晶器电磁搅拌电流330A-370A，频率3-5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流380A-420A，频率10-12Hz；
(4)拉速为2.5-3.5m/min。
所述冶炼工序满足(1)-(3)中的至少一项：
(1)出钢温度为1600-1640℃；
(2)出钢脱氧合金化按照硅锰-硅铁-石灰顺序加入；
所述硅锰的加入量为10-30kg/t，硅铁的加入量为15-30kg/t；
(3)底吹压力：前期0.4-0.5MPa，后期0.3-0.4MPa。
前期是指开始加入合金到结束加合金的过程；
后期是指钢液成分达到目标成分之后到冶炼结束的过程。
所述铸坯加热工序：加热的温度为1200-1250℃。
所述热连轧工序：上冷床温度为850-900℃。
所述精炼工序满足(1)-(3)中的至少一项：
(1)所述精炼工序包括加入磷铁和铜的步骤；
(2)所述精炼的搅拌时间不低于10min；
(3)出钢温度为1580-1600℃。
所述磷铁中磷的质量含量为20-25％；
所述磷铁的加入量为3-6kg/t；
所述铜的加入量为1.5-3.5kg/t。
本申请技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请提供的耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，耐腐蚀钢筋包括：C：0.03-0.15％，Si：0.8-2.0％，Mn：0.8-2.0％，Cu：0.10-0.50％，P：0.08-0.2％，S：0.005-0.01％，Nb≤0.1％，V≤0.2％，Ti≤0.1％，Al≤0.1％，余量为Fe以及不可避免的杂质；其中，0.6≤Si/Mn≤2.0，0.25≤Cu+P+S≤0.62。本申请通过Si、Mn、Cu、P、S等合金元素的关联设计，综合考虑各元素的强化作用和耐蚀作用，弥补了不添加Cr、Ni和Mo导致钢材耐蚀性下降的问题，降低了钢筋生产成本；各元素在特定含量下的协调作用，可以使耐蚀和强化作用得到充分发挥，解决了现有技术耐蚀性、力学性能和成本不能兼具的问题，克服了现有技术在提升耐蚀性必加Cr、Ni或Mo的技术偏见。本申请尤其是Si、Mn、Cu、S这 四者之间协同耦合来提升耐氯盐腐蚀作用和钢材强度-塑性协调匹配。本申请提供的耐腐蚀钢筋可以兼具耐蚀性和低成本，克服现有技术中耐蚀性能和合金成本难以协同匹配的问题，显著延长建筑工程在氯盐侵蚀环境下的服役寿命。
C元素起到强化作用，其含量过高容易形成碳化物，降低钢材的耐蚀性、塑性、韧性和焊接性能。Si元素起到脱氧剂作用，可以显著降低钢中的氧含量，减少氧化物夹杂的形成，高Si含量有利于钢材表面形成硅酸盐物相，阻隔侵蚀介质的传输和聚集，提高耐腐蚀性能，同时Si是强化元素和铁素体形成元素，含量高有利于调控强度和塑性，克服Cu和P含量过高引发的脆性问题，优化力学性能，Si含量过高不利于焊接。Mn通过固溶强化作用可以显著提高钢材强度，其含量过高，增加淬透性，由于Mn、S易形成MnS夹杂，降低钢材塑性和耐蚀性，通过控制Mn含量和控制Cu元素，使Cu消耗了S，抑制了MnS的形成，阻止MnS腐蚀行为的发生，提高了耐蚀性。Cu是耐腐蚀元素，通过锈层富集，与S形成CuS提升耐蚀性能，但是Cu含量过高易引起铜脆。P可以提高钢筋耐腐蚀性，与Cu协同作用，效果最佳，P含量过高会增加钢的冷脆性。S与Cu形成致密CuS，可以阻碍侵蚀介质的传输，利于提升耐蚀性能，虽然S与Mn易形成夹杂，但是相对MnS，更易形成CuS，因此适量的S元素对于本申请来说是一种有利元素，与Cu配合可以提高耐腐蚀性能。
Ti是一种耐腐蚀元素和强化元素，可以提高钢材的腐蚀电位和腐蚀性，通过细晶强化作用，可以提高钢材的力学性能，Ti含量过高易生成氧化物，连铸时堵住水口。Al在冶炼过程中脱氧，降低钢液中氧含量，同时Al在钢中能形成氧化物，富集在锈层中，提高耐腐蚀性能，其含量过高，在连铸时容易堵住水口。V和Nb均为强化元素，在钢中形成碳氮化物，通过细晶强化、析出强化，提高钢材力学性能，该强化效果与C、N含量相关。
本申请采用低碳合金钢成分，通过各个元素的关联设计，协调各元素含量，使各元素的耐蚀性和强化作用充分发挥，通过合金配比和复相组织精细控制，解决了现有技术不能兼具耐蚀性、力学性能和低成本的问题。
2.本申请提供的耐腐蚀钢筋的生产工艺，该生产工艺制得的耐腐蚀钢筋具有较好的耐氯盐腐蚀性，无需添加Cr、Ni和Mo，成本低，生产工艺难度低。该工艺得到的钢筋组织为珠光体和铁素体，铁素体占比为50-75％，屈服强度≥400MPa，断后延伸率≥30％，最大力总伸长率≥20％，强屈比≥1.30，氯盐腐蚀环境下(5％NaCl，35℃，湿度70％)，与普通钢筋HRB400相比，腐蚀速率相对值不大于35％。
3.本申请提供的耐腐蚀钢筋的生产工艺，通过在钢筋生产过程中控制合金加入类型和加入方式，实现多元素合金含量的精细控制和低成本生产，通过控轧控冷工艺(铸坯加热温度、上冷床温度等)，实现了铁素体/珠光体复相组织的调控，保证了合金元素的强化作用，优化了钢筋耐蚀性与强-塑性的协调匹配，实现低成本、高耐蚀合金钢筋的开发。
本申请冶炼工序中的出钢温度(1)可以保证冶炼时废钢完全溶解，(2)保证钢液进入精炼时的温度，这是因为在冶炼出钢过程中，加入合金会使钢液温 度下降，影响精炼的温度；本申请通过控制冶炼，可以实现高效冶炼和成分精细控制。
在精炼工序中加入磷铁，这是因为磷铁属于易氧化元素，在其它阶段加入，元素收得率低；精炼出钢温度为1580-1600℃，该温度与连铸温度关联的，这是因为精炼温度决定了连铸温度，而连铸温度是根据合金成分计算获得的，与钢筋中各元素含量直接相关。
连铸采用低碳钢保护渣，渣层厚度8-10mm，(1)降低保护渣中的碳对钢液中的碳含量的影响，确保成品碳含量精确控制，满足低碳要求，防止碳化物影响耐腐蚀性能，(2)渣层可减少钢液与空气的接触、对流，保持钢液温度的稳定性。电磁搅拌参数与钢液成分的均匀性有很大的关联，本申请产品为耐腐蚀钢，钢液越纯净，耐腐蚀性越好。结晶器水流量主要起到冷却作用，因坯料截面尺寸大，表面和芯部存在温差，如果水流量配比不合适，表面质量差，出现裂纹等问题。拉速受钢液温度、冷却能力等影响，合适的拉速在保证获得高均匀性铸坯的同时还可以避免漏钢事故。
铸坯加热温度影响合金元素的溶解和晶粒大小，对产品组织和力学性能影响显著，该参数设置是根据合金成分(元素溶解温度)、晶粒度大小来确定的；上冷床温度与冷却方式是关联的，主要是根据钢筋过冷奥氏体连续冷却曲线来设计的。
具体实施方式
提供下述实施例是为了更好地进一步理解本申请，并不局限于所述最佳实施方式，不对本申请的内容和保护范围构成限制，任何人在本申请的启示下或是将本申请与其他现有技术的特征进行组合而得出的任何与本申请相同或相近似的产品，均落在本申请的保护范围之内。
实施例中未注明具体实验步骤或条件者，按照本领域内的文献所描述的常规实验步骤的操作或条件即可进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市购获得的常规试剂产品。
以下具体的实施例中提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.03-0.15％，Si：0.8-2.0％，Mn：0.8-2.0％，Cu：0.10-0.50％，P：0.08-0.2％，S：0.005-0.01％，Nb≤0.1％，V≤0.2％，Ti≤0.1％，Al≤0.1％，余量为Fe以及不可避免的杂质；
其中，0.6≤Si/Mn≤2.0，0.25≤Cu+P+S≤0.62。
可选地，C为0.05-0.12％；更可选为0.06-0.09％；
Si为0.9-1.7％；更可选为1.0-1.3％；
Mn为0.9-1.8％；更可选为1.0-1.5％；
Cu为0.2-0.3％；
P为0.11-0.18％；更可选为0.13-0.17％。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产工艺，其工序包括：
冶炼：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度为1600-1640℃，出钢脱氧合金化按照硅锰-硅铁-石灰顺序加入合金及渣料，以钢水1t为基准，硅锰加入量为 10-30kg/t，硅铁加入量为15-30kg/t；出钢前打开钢包底吹氩气控制阀，出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力：前期为0.4-0.5MPa，后期为0.3-0.4MPa。
精炼：精炼到站后分别加入磷铁、铜板，精炼软搅拌时间不低于10min，出钢温度为1580-1600℃；以钢水1t为基准，磷铁加入量为3-6kg/t，磷铁中磷含量为20-25wt％，铜板加入量为1.5-3.5kg/t。
连铸：采用低碳钢保护渣，渣层厚度为8-10mm，拉速为2.5-3.5m/min，结晶器水流量为1950-2050L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流330A-370A，频率3-5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流380A-420A，频率10-12Hz。
铸坯加热：加热的温度为1200-1250℃。
热连轧：上冷床温度为850-900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，轧后冷却速度及上冷床温度的控制有利于获得理想组织。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.06％，Si：1.0％，Mn：1.0％，Cu：0.2％，P：0.13％，S：0.005％，Nb：0.075％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝1.0，Cu+P+S＝0.34。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，以1t钢水为基准，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)20kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)20kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.4MPa，后期为0.3MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量4kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量1.5kg/t)，铌铁(Nb含量65％，加入量1.2kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间12min，连浇出钢温度1600℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为8mm；拉速2.8m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率3Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率10Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1220℃，上冷床温度为880℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径20mm。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.08％，Si：1.28％，Mn：1.0％，Cu：0.25％，P：0.15％，S：0.005％，V：0.15％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝1.28，Cu+P+S＝0.41。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)20kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)23kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.42MPa，后期为0.32MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量4.5kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量1.8kg/t)，钒铁(V含量48％，加入量3.3kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间13min，连浇出 钢温度1595℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为10mm；拉速3.0m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流330A，频率5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流390A，频率10Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为890℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径28mm。
实施例3
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.09％，Si：1.3％，Mn：1.5％，Cu：0.3％，P：0.17％，S：0.01％，Nb：0.10％，Ti：0.01％，Al：0.01％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝0.87，Cu+P+S＝0.48。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)25kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)23kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.45MPa，后期为0.35MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量5kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量2.0kg/t)，铌铁(V含量65％，加入量1.6kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量0.5kg/t)，铝粒(Al含量99％，加入量0.15kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1595℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为9mm；拉速2.6m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流370A，频率3.5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流420A，频率11Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1200℃，上冷床温度为900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径32mm。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.05％，Si：0.9％，Mn：1.49％，Cu：0.5％，P：0.11％，S：0.01％，Nb：0.03％，V：0.15％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝0.60，Cu+P+S＝0.62。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)25kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)18kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.4MPa，后期为0.3MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量3.5kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量3.5kg/t)，铌铁(V含量65％，加入量0.5kg/t)，钒铁(V含量48％，加入量3.3kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间11min，连浇出钢温度1600℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为8mm；拉速3.5m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流380A，频率12Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为850℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径16mm。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.12％，Si：1.7％，Mn：0.9％，Cu：0.1％，P：0.18％，S：0.01％，Ti：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝1.89，Cu+P+S＝0.29。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)11kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)25kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.5MPa，后期为0.4MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量5.5kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量1.5kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量5kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1590℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为10mm；拉速2.5m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率12Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为880℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径10mm。
实施例6
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.03％，Si：0.8％，Mn：0.8％，Cu：0.3％，P：0.08％，S：0.005％，V：0.2％，Ti：0.01％，Al：0.01％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝1，Cu+P+S＝0.39。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1610℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)10kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)15kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.4MPa，后期为0.3MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量3kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量2kg/t)，钒铁(V含量48％，加入量4kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量0.5kg/t)，铝粒(Al含量99％，加入量0.15kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间10min，连浇出钢温度1595℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为9.5mm；拉速2.6m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流345A，频率3.5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流405A，频率11Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1200℃，上冷床温度为900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径18mm。
实施例7
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.15％，Si： 2％，Mn：2％，Cu：0.25％，P：0.2％，S：0.01％，Al：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝1，Cu+P+S＝0.46。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1640℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)30kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)30kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.5MPa，后期为0.4MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量6kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量1.8kg/t)，铝粒(Al含量99％，加入量1.5kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1600℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为8.5mm；拉速2.6m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流410A，频率12Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径25mm。
实施例8
本实施例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.08％，Si：2％，Mn：1％，Cu：0.145％，P：0.1％，S：0.005％，Nb：0.05％，V：0.05％，Ti：0.1％，Al：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝2，Cu+P+S＝0.25。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)20kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)30kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.4MPa，后期为0.3MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量3.5kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量1.9kg/t)，铌铁(Nb含量65％，加入量0.8kg/t)，钒铁(V含量48％，加入量1kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量5kg/t)，铝粒(Al含量99％，加入量1.5kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1600℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为10mm；拉速2.6m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流395A，频率12Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径28mm。
对比例1
本对比例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.25％，Si：0.5％，Mn：1.5％，Cu：0.3％，P：0.035％，S：0.0035％，Nb：0.05％，Ti：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝0.33，Cu+P+S＝0.34。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1600℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)20kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)5kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.4MPa，后期为0.3MPa。
精炼工序：不加磷铁，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量2kg/t)，铌铁(Nb含量65％，加入量0.8kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量5kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1600℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为8mm；拉速2.6m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率4Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率11Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径25mm。
对比例2
本对比例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.08％，Si：2.5％，Mn：0.5％，P：0.035％，S：0.0035％，V：0.15％，Ti：0.1％，Al：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝5，Cu+P+S＝0.04。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1600℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)8kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)35kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.5MPa，后期为0.4MPa。
精炼工序：不加磷铁和钢板，钒铁(V含量48％，加入量3kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量5kg/t)，铝粒(Al含量99％，加入量1.5kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1590℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为10mm；拉速2.5m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率4Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率11Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1200℃，上冷床温度为850℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径20mm。
对比例3
本对比例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.25％，Si：0.6％，Mn：2.5％，Cu：0.5％，P：0.2％，S：0.01％，V：0.15％，Ti：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝0.24，Cu+P+S＝0.71。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1600℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)35kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)8kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.5MPa，后期为0.4MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量6kg/t)，钢板(Cu含量99％，加入量3.5kg/t)，钒铁(V含量48％，加入量3kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量5kg/t)； 精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1610℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为5mm；拉速2.5m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率4Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率11Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为880℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径16mm。
对比例4
本对比例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.25％，Si：2.5％，Mn：2.5％，Cu：1％，P：0.2％，S：0.01％，Nb：0.05％，Ti：0.1％，Al：0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝1，Cu+P+S＝1.21。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1640℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)35kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)35kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.5MPa，后期为0.4MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量6kg/t)，钢板(Cu含量99％，加入量4kg/t)，铌铁(Nb含量65％，加入量0.8kg/t)，钛铁(Ti含量30％，加入量5kg/t)，铝粒(Al含量99％，加入量1.5kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间15min，连浇出钢温度1610℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为11mm；拉速2.5m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率12Hz；铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1250℃，上冷床温度为900℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径32mm。
对比例5
本对比例提供了一种耐腐蚀钢筋，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.15％，Si：0.7％，Mn：1.35％，Cu：0.3％，P：0.015％，S：0.005％，Nb：0.015％，Cr：1.35％，Ni：0.3％，Mo:0.1％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；
其中，Si/Mn＝0.52，Cu+P+S＝0.32。
上述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法包括：
冶炼工序：在转炉中进行钢水冶炼，出钢温度1630℃，出钢加硅锰(FeMn65S17)27kg/t，加入硅铁(FeSi72)14kg/t，铬铁(Cr含量65％)30kg/t，钼铁(Mo含量55％)3kg/t；出钢过程全程吹氩气，底吹压力控制：前期为0.4MPa，后期为0.3MPa。
精炼工序：磷铁(P含量23％，加入量1kg/t)，铜板(Cu含量99％，加入量2kg/t)，铌铁(Nb含量65％，加入量0.3kg/t)，镍板(镍含量99％，2kg/t)；精炼软搅拌时间12min，连浇出钢温度1600℃。
连铸工序：渣层厚度为8mm；拉速2.8m/min；结晶器水流量2000±50L/min，结晶器电磁搅拌电流350A，频率3Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流400A，频率10Hz； 铸坯截面尺寸140mm×140mm(宽×高)。
铸坯加热及热连轧工序：加热温度为1220℃，上冷床温度为880℃，轧后自然冷却至室温，钢筋直径20mm。
试验例
本试验例提供了各实施例和对比例得到的钢筋的性能，具体如下：
屈服强度的测试方法：参见国标GB/T228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第1部分：室温试验方法进行测试，并计算强屈比，强屈比＝抗拉强度/屈服强度，测试结果见表1。
抗拉强度的测试方法：参见国标GB/T228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第1部分。
断后延伸率的测试方法：参见国标GB/T228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第1部分。
最大力总伸长率：参见国标GB/T228.1-2010金属材料拉伸试验第1部分。
腐蚀速率相对值：分别对实施例、对比例制备的耐腐蚀钢筋的耐氯盐腐蚀性能进行测试，并计算其耐氯盐腐蚀性相比型号为HRB400型钢筋的提升倍数；具体测试方法为：截取长度为100mm的耐腐蚀钢筋，采用车床进行车削加工获得直径为10mm的测试试样，在温度为35℃、湿度为70％的条件下，将测试样品放入腐蚀溶液中进行盐雾腐蚀试验，测试腐蚀溶液为5wt％的氯化钠溶液，其pH值为7.0，测试时间为14天，采用电子显微天平测试腐蚀前后测试样品的重量。计算公式为：腐蚀速率相对值＝(耐蚀钢筋腐蚀前后的重量变化值/HRB400腐蚀前后的重量变化值)×100％。
铁素体和珠光体测试方法：采用蔡司光学显微镜在放大200倍的视场下分别观察实施例和对比例制备的耐腐蚀钢筋的组织类型，并计算其中的铁素体体积占比。铁素体在光学显微镜下显示白色，珠光体显示黑色，通过颜色差，计算当面面积中各组织的体积比。结果见表1和表2。
表1各实施例和对比例钢筋的力学性能测试结果

表2各实施例和对比例钢筋的耐蚀性测试结果
从上述结果中可知，本申请在不添加Cr、Ni或Mo的情况下就可以具有较好的耐蚀性，且本申请耐腐蚀钢筋可以兼具耐蚀性、力学性能和低成本。进一步地，本申请提供的耐腐蚀钢筋的腐蚀速率相对值不大于35％。
从对比例1-4可以看出，本申请通过控制Si/Mn、Cu+P+S可以使钢筋兼具较好耐腐蚀性和力学性能，强度-塑性协调匹配。与对比例5相比可以看出，与加入Cr的钢筋相比，本申请提供的钢筋的力学性能更优，比如断后延伸率和最大力总伸长率，说明本申请在不添加Cr、Ni和Mo的情况下可以使钢筋具有较好的强度的和力学性能，且成本更低。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的 限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种耐腐蚀钢筋，其特征在于，按重量百分比计，包括：C：0.03-0.15％，Si：0.8-2.0％，Mn：0.8-2.0％，Cu：0.10-0.50％，P：0.08-0.2％，S：0.005-0.01％，Nb≤0.1％，V≤0.2％，Ti≤0.1％，Al≤0.1％，余量为Fe以及不可避免的杂质；
    其中，0.6≤Si/Mn≤2.0，0.25≤Cu+P+S≤0.62。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的耐腐蚀钢筋，其特征在于，满足(1)-(5)中的至少一项：
    (1)所述C为0.05-0.12％；
    (2)所述Si为0.9-1.7％；
    (3)所述Mn为0.9-1.8％；
    (4)所述Cu为0.2-0.3％；
    (5)所述P为0.11-0.18％。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的耐腐蚀钢筋，其特征在于，满足(1)-(4)中的至少一项：
    (1)所述C为0.06-0.09％；
    (2)所述Si为1.0-1.3％；
    (3)所述Mn为1.0-1.5％；
    (4)所述P为0.13-0.17％。
  4. 一种权利要求1-3任一项所述耐腐蚀钢筋的生产方法，其特征在于，其工序包括：冶炼、精炼、连铸、铸坯加热和热连轧。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的生产方法，其特征在于，所述连铸工序满足(1)-(4)中的至少一项：
    (1)采用低碳钢保护渣，渣层厚度为8-10mm；其中，低碳钢中的碳含量不大于0.15％；
    (2)结晶器水流量为1950-2050L/min；
    (3)结晶器电磁搅拌电流330A-370A，频率3-5Hz；末端电磁搅拌电流380A-420A，频率10-12Hz；
    (4)拉速为2.5-3.5m/min。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的生产方法，其特征在于，所述冶炼工序满足(1)-(3)中的至少一项：
    (1)出钢温度为1600-1640℃；
    (2)出钢脱氧合金化按照硅锰-硅铁-石灰顺序加入；
    所述硅锰的加入量为10-30kg/t，硅铁的加入量为15-30kg/t；
    (3)底吹压力：前期0.4-0.5MPa，后期0.3-0.4MPa。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的生产方法，其特征在于，所述铸坯加热工序：加热的温度为1200-1250℃。
  8. 根据权利要求4或5所述的生产方法，其特征在于，所述热连轧工序：上冷床温度为850-900℃。
  9. 根据权利要求4或5所述的生产方法，其特征在于，所述精炼工序满足(1)-(3)中的至少一项：
    (1)所述精炼工序包括加入磷铁和铜的步骤；
    (2)所述精炼的搅拌时间不低于10min；
    (3)出钢温度为1580-1600℃。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的生产方法，其特征在于，所述磷铁中磷的质量含量为20-25％；
    所述磷铁的加入量为3-6kg/t；
    所述铜的加入量为1.5-3.5kg/t。
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