WO2024199150A1 - 一种通信方法、通信设备、介质及程序产品 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、通信设备、介质及程序产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024199150A1
WO2024199150A1 PCT/CN2024/083405 CN2024083405W WO2024199150A1 WO 2024199150 A1 WO2024199150 A1 WO 2024199150A1 CN 2024083405 W CN2024083405 W CN 2024083405W WO 2024199150 A1 WO2024199150 A1 WO 2024199150A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coverage
terminal device
beams
network device
information
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/CN2024/083405
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
石蒙
张霄宇
白仲金
魏璟鑫
薛剑韬
廖树日
窦圣跃
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP24777939.0A priority Critical patent/EP4661465A4/en
Publication of WO2024199150A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024199150A1/zh
Priority to US19/325,539 priority patent/US20260012242A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H04B7/06952—Selecting one or more beams from a plurality of beams, e.g. beam training, management or sweeping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H04W36/085—Reselecting an access point involving beams of access points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18539—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
    • H04B7/18543—Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection for adaptation of transmission parameters, e.g. power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1853—Satellite systems for providing telephony service to a mobile station, i.e. mobile satellite service
    • H04B7/18545—Arrangements for managing station mobility, i.e. for station registration or localisation
    • H04B7/18547—Arrangements for managing station mobility, i.e. for station registration or localisation for geolocalisation of a station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/204—Multiple access
    • H04B7/2043—Mixed mode, TDM and FDM systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H04W36/0085—Hand-off measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0058—Transmission of hand-off measurement information, e.g. measurement reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H04W36/083—Reselecting an access point wherein at least one of the access points is a moving node
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method, a communication device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product.
  • Mobility management mainly refers to the measurement process related to radio resource management (RRM) and the mobility signaling process triggered based on the measurement results.
  • RRM radio resource management
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • NTN non-terrestrial network
  • the network equipment used as base stations in NTN moves faster than the ground and the signal propagation distance is longer, which makes the signal path loss of network equipment greater.
  • the communication mechanism designed for terminal equipment and ground base stations in the current mobile communication system cannot be directly applied to the NTN system.
  • UE In the NTN communication system, UE also needs to perform beam measurement for mobility management. Due to the large satellite coverage area and the large number of beams, a long measurement time window will lead to a significant decrease in terminal measurement efficiency, which will significantly increase terminal power consumption. On the other hand, the time and frequency resource overhead occupied by the terminal will also increase, which greatly limits the terminal's data transmission. Therefore, it is very important to design an efficient mobility management process for the NTN communication system.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, a communication device, and a computer-readable storage medium, so that the terminal device can obtain beam coverage information from the network device, determine the beam airspace coverage range to which it belongs according to the beam coverage information, and realize accurate wireless resource management measurement.
  • a communication method includes: a terminal device receives beam coverage information of a network device from a network device, wherein the beam coverage information is used to determine the spatial coverage range of multiple beams; the terminal device determines the beam coverage range where the terminal device is located in the spatial coverage range of multiple beams; and the terminal device performs wireless resource management measurement based on the beam coverage range. In this way, the terminal device determines the spatial coverage range of the beam to which it belongs according to the beam coverage information, thereby achieving accurate wireless resource management measurement.
  • the beam coverage information includes at least one of the following: a scanning order of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams; a coverage geographical area of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams; a spatial filtering parameter of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams; or shape information of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams.
  • the terminal device can obtain various and comprehensive spatial related information of the beams through the beam coverage information, thereby improving the accuracy of beam measurement.
  • the beam coverage information includes at least one of the following: a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of a beam in a plurality of beams; a center point and/or a beam center angle of a beam in a plurality of beams; or coverage angle information of a beam in a plurality of beams.
  • the beam coverage information is represented in different forms, so that the terminal device can obtain a variety of beam coverage information.
  • the coverage radius or coverage diameter and the center point and/or beam center angle are determined with reference to the ground or a reference plane at a predetermined height.
  • the parameters have multiple reference planes, increasing the flexibility of parameter characterization.
  • the coverage angle information includes at least one of the following: a beam coverage angle of a beam projected on the ground; a beam coverage angle of a beam projected onto a reference plane at a predetermined height; or a beam angle when the beam is emitted from a network device.
  • the coverage angle information can have different forms, and the terminal device can obtain the angle information more flexibly and accurately.
  • the beam coverage information is arranged with one beam among the multiple beams as a granularity or with at least two beams among the multiple beams as a granularity.
  • the beam coverage information is sent with multiple beams as a granularity, and the overhead representing the beam coverage information is reduced.
  • the terminal device further determines the beam coverage based on at least one of the following: the location of the terminal device; satellite ephemeris associated with the network device; or a beam previously determined by the terminal device to cover the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can refer to a variety of information to obtain a more accurate beam coverage.
  • performing wireless resource management measurement includes: based on the beam coverage range, the terminal device determines a coverage beam covering the terminal device; based on the beam scanning pattern and the coverage beam of the network device, the terminal device determines at least one beam to be measured; and based on the at least one beam to be measured, performing wireless resource management measurement.
  • the terminal device can perform wireless resource management measurement based on the beam coverage information.
  • determining at least one beam to be measured includes: the terminal device receives a beam measurement time window configuration from the network device, the measurement time window configuration indicates a measurement period and duration determined by the network device for the terminal device to perform radio resource management measurements; and the terminal device determines at least one beam to be measured based on the beam scanning pattern, coverage beam, and beam measurement time window configuration of the network device.
  • the network device is a first network device
  • the beam coverage information is first beam coverage information
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receives second beam coverage information of a second network device from the first network device.
  • the terminal device can obtain the beam coverage information of the neighboring area to better select the optimal beam.
  • the second beam coverage information includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate whether the second beam coverage information is the same as the first beam coverage information.
  • the beam coverage information of the neighboring cell can be simplified, and the signaling overhead is reduced.
  • the beam coverage information comprises parameters related to beam scanning patterns of the plurality of beams.Thereby, signaling of the beam coverage information is reduced.
  • the parameter includes at least one of the following: shape information of the multiple beams; the number of long-side beams of a rectangular coverage area of the multiple beams; the number of short-side beams of a rectangular coverage area; the number of beams per circle when the beam scanning pattern is a circular scan; the number of square side lengths when the beam scanning pattern is a square scan; position information of the starting numbered beam; the scanning method of the multiple beams; or the coverage radius or coverage diameter of the beams in the multiple beams.
  • shape information of the multiple beams can be characterized by different parameters.
  • the terminal device determines the beam to be measured based on the coverage radius or coverage diameter of the beam; or based on the determination that the parameter does not include the coverage radius or coverage diameter of the beam, the terminal device determines the beam to be measured based on the beam selected during the access process.
  • the terminal device can determine the beam to be measured in different ways.
  • the beam coverage information includes: indication information for indicating whether the change between the beams in the plurality of beams is a gradual change, wherein the gradual change indicates the change between beams with adjacent beam numbers and adjacent geographical locations, and in the gradual change, the second beam in the plurality of beams is represented by the offset information of the center point relative to the first beam.
  • the beam coverage information can be sent down as a relative value or an absolute value, reducing the signaling overhead.
  • the beam coverage information is compressed based on the mathematical cross-correlation between beams in the plurality of beams, thereby reducing the redundancy of the beam coverage information and improving communication efficiency.
  • the terminal device sends the measurement results of the radio resource management measurement to the network device, so that the network device can perform beam switching based on the measurement results.
  • the terminal device performs random access to the network device based on the beam coverage, thereby improving the random access performance.
  • performing random access includes: the terminal device determines a coverage beam covering the terminal device based on the beam coverage range; and the terminal device sends a random access request to the network device at a random access opportunity corresponding to the coverage beam.
  • random access can be initiated on resources corresponding to the optimal beam.
  • performing random access includes: the terminal device determines multiple beams corresponding to the beam coverage range; and the terminal device sends a random access request to the network device at multiple random access opportunities corresponding to the multiple beams.
  • the terminal device can initiate random access on resources corresponding to the multiple beams, thereby improving the success rate of the random access process.
  • the communication method further includes: when initiating a random access request, if the coverage beam fails, the terminal device acquires a new coverage beam, thereby avoiding the terminal device selecting an erroneous resource to perform random access due to the optimal beam replacement.
  • a communication method includes: a network device determines beam coverage information of the network device, wherein the beam coverage information is used to determine the spatial coverage range of multiple beams; and the network device sends the beam coverage information to a terminal device.
  • the terminal device can determine the spatial coverage range of the beam to which it belongs based on the beam coverage information, thereby achieving accurate wireless resource management measurement.
  • the beam coverage information includes at least one of the following: a scanning order of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams; a coverage geographical area of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams; a spatial filtering parameter of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams; or shape information of the spatial coverage of the multiple beams.
  • the beam coverage information includes at least one of the following: a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of a beam in the plurality of beams; a center point and/or a beam center angle of a beam in the plurality of beams; or coverage angle information of a beam in the plurality of beams.
  • the different forms of beam coverage can be represented, so that the terminal equipment can obtain a variety of beam coverage information.
  • the coverage radius or coverage diameter and the center point and/or beam center angle are determined with reference to the ground or a reference plane at a predetermined height.
  • the parameters have multiple reference planes, increasing the flexibility of parameter characterization.
  • the coverage angle information includes at least one of the following: a beam coverage angle of a beam projected on the ground; a beam coverage angle of a beam projected onto a reference plane at a predetermined height; or a beam angle when the beam is emitted from a network device.
  • the coverage angle information can have different forms, and the terminal device can obtain the angle information more flexibly and accurately.
  • the beam coverage information is arranged with one beam among the multiple beams as a granularity or with at least two beams among the multiple beams as a granularity.
  • the beam coverage information is sent with multiple beams as a granularity, and the overhead representing the beam coverage information is reduced.
  • the communication method further includes: the network device determines a beam measurement time window configuration, the measurement time window configuration indicates a measurement period and duration of a radio resource management measurement performed by the terminal device; and the network device sends the beam measurement time window configuration to the terminal device.
  • the network device determines a beam measurement time window configuration, the measurement time window configuration indicates a measurement period and duration of a radio resource management measurement performed by the terminal device; and the network device sends the beam measurement time window configuration to the terminal device.
  • the network device is a first network device
  • the beam coverage information is first beam coverage information
  • the method further includes: the first network device sends second beam coverage information of the second network device to the terminal device.
  • the beam coverage information of the neighboring area can be sent to the terminal device to better select the optimal beam.
  • the second beam coverage information includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate whether the second beam coverage information is the same as the first beam coverage information.
  • the beam coverage information of the neighboring cell can be simplified, and the signaling overhead is reduced.
  • the beam coverage information comprises parameters related to beam scanning patterns of the plurality of beams.Thereby, signaling of the beam coverage information is reduced.
  • the parameter includes at least one of the following: shape information of the multiple beams; the number of long-side beams of a rectangular coverage area of the multiple beams; the number of short-side beams of a rectangular coverage area; the number of beams per circle when the beam scanning pattern is a circular scan; the number of square-side long beams when the beam scanning pattern is a square scan; position information of the starting numbered beam; the scanning method of the multiple beams; or the coverage radius or coverage diameter of the beams in the multiple beams.
  • shape information of the multiple beams can be characterized by different parameters.
  • the beam coverage information includes: indication information for indicating whether the change between beams in the plurality of beams is a gradual change, wherein the gradual change indicates the change between beams with adjacent beam numbers and adjacent geographical locations, and in the gradual change, the second beam in the plurality of beams is represented by the center point offset information relative to the first beam.
  • the beam coverage information can be sent down as a relative value or an absolute value, reducing the signaling overhead.
  • the beam coverage information is compressed based on the mathematical correlation between beams in the plurality of beams, thereby reducing the redundancy of the beam coverage information and improving communication efficiency.
  • the network device receives a measurement result of the radio resource management measurement from the terminal device; and the network device sends an instruction to perform beam switching to the terminal device based on the measurement result.
  • the performance of the radio resource management measurement can be improved.
  • the network device receives a random access request from the terminal device, wherein the random access request is transmitted at a random access opportunity corresponding to one or more beams corresponding to the beam coverage.
  • the success rate of the random access process can be improved.
  • a communication device in a third aspect of the present application, includes a processor and a memory storing instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the communication device performs any method according to any aspect of the first aspect to the second aspect and its implementation.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device performs any method according to any aspect of the first aspect to the second aspect and its implementation.
  • a chip which includes a processing circuit configured to execute any method of any one of the first aspect to the second aspect and any implementation thereof.
  • a computer program product which includes instructions, and when the instructions are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device executes any method of any one of the first to second aspects and their implementations.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram showing the architecture of a communication system related to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1C shows a schematic diagram of NTN transparent load transmission related to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1D shows a schematic diagram of NTN regeneration load transmission related to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG2 illustrates an interactive signaling diagram for NTN beam measurement according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG3 illustrates a schematic diagram of example beam coverage information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of another example beam coverage information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of yet another example beam coverage information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a terminal device performing initial access according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of beam projection according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a ground-fixed scenario in which some embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a ground movement scenario in which some embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of beam scanning according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates another beam scanning schematic diagram according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG12 shows a schematic flow chart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG13 is a schematic flow chart showing a method implemented at a network device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 shows a simplified block diagram of an example device of a possible implementation method in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 shows a simplified block diagram of an example device for a possible implementation of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented according to any appropriate communication protocol, including but not limited to cellular communication protocols such as third generation (3rd Generation, 3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G) and future communication protocols (for example, sixth generation (6G)), wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, and/or any other protocol currently known or developed in the future.
  • cellular communication protocols such as third generation (3rd Generation, 3G), fourth generation (4G), fifth generation (5G) and future communication protocols (for example, sixth generation (6G)
  • wireless local area network communication protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, and/or any other protocol currently known or developed in the future.
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with the 5G communication system in 3GPP as the background.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the communication system, but can be applied to any communication system with similar problems, such as wireless local area network (WLAN), wired communication system, or other communication systems developed in the future.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • wired communication system or other communication systems developed in the future.
  • terminal refers to any terminal device that can communicate with network devices or with each other by wire or wirelessly.
  • Terminal devices may sometimes be referred to as user equipment or UE.
  • Terminal devices may be any type of mobile terminal, fixed terminal or portable terminal.
  • Terminal devices may be various wireless communication devices with wireless communication capabilities.
  • IOT Internet of Things
  • terminal devices may include mobile cellular phones, cordless phones, mobile terminals (MT), mobile
  • the invention relates to a mobile station, a mobile device, a wireless terminal, a handheld device, a client, a subscription station, a portable subscription station, an Internet node, a communicator, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a personal communication system device, a personal navigation device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless data card, a wireless modem (Modulator demodulator, Modem), a positioning device, a radio broadcast receiver, an e-book device, a gaming device, an IoT device, a vehicle-mounted device, an aircraft, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, etc.), a terminal device in a 5G network or any terminal device in an evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), other devices that can be used for communication, or any combination of the above
  • the access network device may include a macro base station providing a macro cell, a micro base station for providing a micro cell, a micro base station for providing a micro cell, and a micro micro base station for providing a femto cell.
  • access network equipment may also include various forms of relay stations, access points, remote radio units (RRU), radio heads (RH), remote radio heads (RRH), etc.
  • Mobility management mainly refers to the measurement process related to Radio Resource Management (RRM) and the mobility signaling process triggered by the measurement results.
  • RRM Radio Resource Management
  • the base station or network side will send RRM measurement tasks to the terminal, including two basic measurement configurations.
  • Measurement object specifies the frequency band to be measured, the reference signal format, and the time domain position of the reference signal to be measured, etc.
  • Measurement reporting specifies the conditions for triggering measurement and the method for reporting measurement results, etc.
  • synchronization signal block Synchronization Signal and PBCH Block
  • SS/PBCH Block SSB
  • channel state information reference signal Channel State Information Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal
  • the measurement between the two cells is called intra-frequency measurement, otherwise it is called inter-frequency measurement.
  • the terminal does not need to continuously search and measure SSB in the time domain when making measurements, but only operates within the time window where these SSBs are located. Therefore, the NR protocol introduces the concept of SSB measurement time window (SS/PBCH Block Measurement Time Configuration, SMTC) in the measurement configuration sent down by the network side.
  • SSB measurement time window SS/PBCH Block Measurement Time Configuration, SMTC
  • SMTC is configured at intervals according to a certain period in the time domain (minimum period 5ms, maximum period 160ms), and its measurement window maintains a fixed duration (minimum 1ms, maximum 5ms). From the measurement point of view, the terminal will only search and measure SSB within the measurement window of SMTC, and assume that SSB outside SMTC does not exist.
  • the network side configures an SMTC for each SSB measurement frequency. For intra-frequency measurement, the SSBs that need to be measured in multiple cells are all included in this SMTC, which is sent to the terminal by the network side of the serving cell. In addition, for individual cells on the SSB frequency, the network side can also configure another SMTC with a shorter period, but the measurement windows of the two SMTCs must remain consistent for a long time.
  • NTN was included in the scope of 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), and the coverage was further improved by adopting NTN coverage.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • NTN coverage was further improved by adopting NTN coverage.
  • satellites since satellites are not easily affected by natural disasters or external forces, they are currently being studied as access network equipment (such as base stations) of mobile communication systems to provide communication services for some areas such as oceans and forests. Unlike ground base stations, satellites move faster than the ground and their signals travel farther, which results in greater signal path loss when satellites are used as base stations.
  • the communication mechanism designed for terminal devices and ground base stations in current mobile communication systems cannot be directly applied to terminal devices and satellite base stations.
  • satellite communication systems Compared with ground communication systems, satellite communication systems have the remarkable characteristics of wider coverage area, greater transmission loss and faster moving speed of single satellites. Unlike ground systems where a maximum of 8 SSB (FR1) or 64 SSB (FR2) beams can cover the service range of a single base station, satellite communication systems may require hundreds or even thousands of SSB beams. Taking a satellite communication system with an orbit height of 600km as an example, the service range of a single satellite can reach hundreds of thousands of square kilometers. In order to overcome the impact of path loss caused by transmission distance and ensure the quality of communication services, satellites generally use large-scale antenna arrays to provide higher array gain, but at the same time make the main lobe of the beam narrower.
  • the coverage radius of a 3dB beam width is only a dozen kilometers, and the coverage area is about hundreds of square kilometers. It takes thousands of beams to complete seamless coverage of the service range of a single satellite using narrow beams. Furthermore, even if the beam is widened to a certain extent, hundreds of beams are required to achieve coverage in order to ensure the gain level.
  • the terminal In a satellite communication system, because the LEO satellite moves very fast, the terminal will frequently switch between multiple satellites, so mobility management is particularly important.
  • the satellite covers a large area and has a large number of beams. Too many SSB beams on the satellite will greatly prolong the search and measurement time of the terminal SSB in mobility management.
  • the delay of SSB transmission to the terminal is also different.
  • a longer measurement window time In order to ensure that the SSB measurement of the service satellite and the adjacent satellite can be included in the SMTC, a longer measurement window time is also required. However, an excessively long SMTC window time will lead to a significant decrease in the terminal measurement efficiency.
  • the power consumption overhead of the terminal's continuous search for SSB will increase significantly.
  • the time-frequency resource overhead occupied by the terminal for measuring SSB will also increase, which greatly limits the terminal's data transmission. Therefore, for satellite communication systems, it is very important to design an efficient SSB-based mobility management process. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to SSB, nor are they limited to satellite scenarios. Satellite is only one of the application scenarios, and it is still applicable in the future 6G evolution.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method.
  • the method includes a terminal device receiving beam coverage information of a network device from a network device, wherein the beam coverage information is used to determine the spatial coverage range of multiple beams; the terminal device determines the beam coverage range where the terminal device is located in the spatial coverage range of the multiple beams; and the terminal device performs wireless resource management measurement based on the beam coverage range.
  • the terminal device receives beam coverage information from the network device, and determines the spatial coverage range of the beam to which it belongs based on the beam coverage information, thereby achieving accurate beam measurement.
  • FIG1A shows a schematic diagram of a communication system 100 in which an embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented.
  • the system 100 may include a terminal device 110, a network device 120, and a network device 130.
  • the terminal device may communicate with the network device 120.
  • the terminal device may communicate with the network device 130.
  • the link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is an uplink, and the link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is called a downlink.
  • terminal devices and network devices shown in FIG1A is only an example. There may be more or fewer terminal devices and network devices, and the present disclosure does not impose any limitation on this.
  • the communication system 100 can be applicable to various scenarios.
  • the application scenarios of the communication system 100 include but are not limited to LTE systems, 5G systems or new wireless (New Radio, NR) and future communication systems, such as the sixth generation mobile communication system.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to this.
  • the above-mentioned communication can follow any appropriate communication technology and corresponding communication standards.
  • FIG1B shows an architectural diagram of a communication system 100 related to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the communication system 100 may include at least one terminal (such as 110a-110g in FIG1B ), and may also include at least one access network device (such as 120a, 120b, 120c in FIG1B ). Access network devices may be connected to each other by wire or wireless means.
  • FIG1B is only a schematic diagram, and the communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices.
  • satellites can implement transparent payload transmission or regenerative payload transmission.
  • FIG1C shows a schematic diagram of NTN transparent load transmission related to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the communication system may include at least one user device 110f, and may also include at least one network device, such as a satellite 120d, an NTN gateway 120e, a base station 120f, and a core network (CN) 120g.
  • the user device 110f communicates with the ground base station 120f through a user-universal terrestrial radio access network (Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network-User, Uu) interface.
  • the satellite 120d can realize transparent load transmission between the user device 110f and the ground base station 120f.
  • Uu Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network-User
  • the satellite 120d and the NTN gateway 120e can be considered as the remote radio unit (Remote Radio Unit) of the ground base station 120f to realize transparent forwarding of signals, that is, the satellite 120d only supports functions such as radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, and the signal waveform remains unchanged.
  • the forwarding of the satellite 120d is transparent to the user device.
  • the ground base station 120f and the core network 120g can communicate through the next generation network (Next Generation, NG) interface, and interact with the core network's Non-Access Stratum (Non-Access Stratum, NAS) signaling and UE's business data through the NG interface.
  • Next Generation Next Generation
  • NAS Non-Access Stratum
  • FIG. 1D shows a schematic diagram of NTN regeneration load transmission related to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the communication system may include at least one user device 110g, and may also include at least one network device, such as a satellite 120h, an NTN gateway 120i, a base station 120j, and a core network (CN) 120k.
  • the satellite 120h has some or all functions of an access network device, and may be called a satellite base station, which may provide wireless access services and schedule wireless resources for terminal devices that access the network through the satellite base station.
  • the satellite base station communicates with the user device 110g through the Uu interface.
  • FIG2 illustrates an interactive signaling diagram for NTN beam measurement according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. For clarity of discussion and without any limitation, process 200 will be discussed in conjunction with FIG1A .
  • the network device 120 determines 201 beam coverage information of the network device, wherein the beam coverage information is used to determine the spatial coverage range of multiple beams, and then the network device 120 sends 203 the beam coverage information 202 to the terminal device 110 .
  • the beam coverage information may include a scanning order of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, a coverage geographic area of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, spatial filtering parameters of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, shape information of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the beam coverage information may include a coverage radius or coverage diameter of a beam among multiple beams, a center point and/or a beam center angle of a beam among multiple beams, coverage angle information of a beam among multiple beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the coverage angle information may include the beam coverage angle of the beam projected on the ground; the beam coverage angle of the beam projected onto a reference plane at a predetermined height; and/or the beam angle or beam width angle when the beam is emitted from the network device, or one or more of the above.
  • the beam coverage information may include parameters related to the beam scanning pattern of the multiple beams.
  • the parameters related to the beam scanning pattern may include: shape information of the multiple beams; the number of long-side beams of a rectangular coverage area of the multiple beams, the number of short-side beams of a rectangular coverage area, the number of beams per circle when the beam scanning pattern is a circular scan, the number of beams with a square side length when the beam scanning pattern is a square scan, position information of a starting numbered beam, a scanning method of the multiple beams, a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of a beam in the multiple beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the network device 120 is a first network device, and the beam coverage information is first beam coverage information.
  • the first network device may send 205 second beam coverage information 204 of a second network device to the terminal device 110 .
  • the terminal device 110 receives 203 beam coverage information 202 of the network device 120 from the network device 120 , wherein the beam coverage information 202 is used to determine the spatial coverage range of multiple beams.
  • the terminal device 110 may also determine the beam coverage based on the location of the terminal device, satellite ephemeris associated with the network device, a beam previously determined by the terminal device to have previously covered the terminal device, or one or more of the above.
  • the terminal device 110 determines 211 a beam coverage range where the terminal device 110 is located in the spatial coverage ranges of multiple beams.
  • the terminal device 110 determines the beam to be measured based on the coverage radius or the coverage diameter of the beam. Based on determining that the parameter does not include a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of the beam, the terminal device 110 determines the beam to be measured based on the beam selected during the access process.
  • the terminal device 110 performs 213 wireless resource management measurement based on the beam coverage.
  • performing wireless resource management measurement includes: based on the beam coverage, the terminal device 110 determines 211 a coverage beam covering the terminal device; based on the beam scanning pattern of the network device and the coverage beam, the terminal device determines at least one beam to be measured; and based on the at least one beam to be measured, performing wireless resource management measurement.
  • the network device 120 determines 215 a beam measurement time window configuration 206 indicating a measurement period and duration for performing radio resource management measurements by the terminal device 110. The network device 120 then sends 217 the beam measurement time window configuration 206 to the terminal device 110.
  • determining at least one beam to be measured includes: the terminal device 110 receives 219 a beam measurement time window configuration 206 from the network device 120, the measurement time window configuration indicating a measurement period and duration determined by the network device for performing wireless resource management measurements by the terminal device; and the terminal device 110 determines at least one beam to be measured based on the beam scanning pattern, coverage beam and beam measurement time window configuration of the network device 120.
  • the terminal device 110 sends 221 a measurement result 208 of the radio resource management measurement to the network device 120. After receiving 223 the measurement result 210 of the radio resource management measurement from the terminal device 110, the network device 120 sends 225 an indication 210 of performing beam switching to the terminal device 110 based on the measurement result 208. Correspondingly, the terminal device 110 receives 227 an indication 210 of performing beam switching.
  • the terminal device 110 performs 229 random access to the network device based on the beam coverage.
  • performing random access includes: the terminal device 110 determines the coverage beam covering the terminal device 120 based on the beam coverage; and the terminal device 110 sends 231 a random access request 212 to the network device 120 at a random access opportunity corresponding to the coverage beam.
  • performing random access includes: the terminal device determining multiple beams corresponding to the beam coverage range; and the terminal device sending 231 a random access request 212 to the network device 120 at multiple random access opportunities corresponding to the multiple beams.
  • the terminal device when initiating a random access request, if the coverage beam fails, the terminal device acquires 235 a new coverage beam.
  • the network device 120 receives 219 a random access request 206 from the terminal device 110 , wherein the random access request is transmitted at a random access opportunity corresponding to one or more beams corresponding to the beam coverage.
  • the terminal device obtains beam coverage information from the network device, and then determines the airspace coverage range of the beam to which it belongs based on the beam coverage information, thereby achieving accurate wireless resource management measurement.
  • Example 1 is described below with reference to FIG. 2 . It should be noted that each part of the content in Example 1 can be used alone or in any combination with part of the content in other embodiments. It is only used for exemplary purposes and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiment 1 The network device sends beam coverage information, and the terminal device restores the beam coverage information, so that the terminal device can determine the beam coverage range to which it belongs and achieve accurate SSB measurement.
  • the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 The network device 120 sends down beam coverage information through broadcast information.
  • the beam coverage information may include the coverage area of the satellite beam or the coverage area of the beam set.
  • Beam coverage information refers to the information of the beam coverage of the network device. Taking the SSB beam as an example, it includes the scanning order of the SSB scanning beam, the area covered by different SSB scanning beams, etc.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of example beam coverage information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in the figure, the overall coverage pattern of the satellite is a rectangle. Optionally, the coverage area of each beam is also a rectangle.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of another example beam coverage information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the overall coverage pattern of the satellite is a square.
  • the coverage area of each beam is also a square.
  • the coverage map is only an example, and the long and short sides of the coverage map are not limited.
  • the SSB scanning beam coverage information can be based on one SSB beam (one SSB beam corresponds to one SSB index) as the granularity, and the coverage information of each beam is sent down.
  • the SSB scanning beam coverage information may also be based on the granularity of multiple SSB beams, that is, based on the granularity of beam sets (one beam coverage information corresponds to multiple SSB beams/SSB indexes).
  • the 8 SSBs shown in FIG3 are a beam set group, and the network device 120 sends down a large beam coverage information with the beam set as the granularity. That is, SSB0-SSB7 is a beam set, represented by one beam coverage information; SSB8-SSB15 is a beam set, represented by one beam coverage information. Additionally, a beam set coverage information can also be divided according to location areas.
  • FIG5 illustrates a schematic diagram of another example beam coverage information according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • SSB beams ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 22, 23, 24 ⁇ are a beam set
  • SSB beams ⁇ 3, 4, 5, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 27 ⁇ are a beam set.
  • the coverage ranges of SSB beams ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, 22, 23, 24 ⁇ are adjacent or the location areas are adjacent
  • the coverage ranges of SSB beams ⁇ 3, 4, 5, 14, 15, 16, 25, 26, 27 ⁇ are adjacent or the location areas are adjacent.
  • the beam coverage information may also be other beam coverage information and is not limited to the SSB beam.
  • Step 2 The terminal device 110 receives the beam coverage information sent by the network device 120 and can restore the beam coverage of the current service cell. For example, the terminal device can restore the coverage area map of each SSB of the current cell.
  • the network device 120 sends down the coverage information of each SSB beam on the ground, the geographical location area covered, etc., and the terminal device can directly restore the specific coverage of each SSB beam based on the coverage information.
  • the network device 120 sends the weight information of each beam or the beam shape sent by the network device 120.
  • the terminal device 110 needs to combine the satellite ephemeris and the optimal SSB (optimal SSB index) to which the terminal device 110 currently belongs to calculate the corresponding beam corresponding to the coverage geographical location area on the ground.
  • the optimal SSB to which the terminal device 110 currently belongs needs to be maintained by the terminal device itself, such as performing SSB search during the initial access process of the terminal device, detecting and maintaining the optimal SSB, so as to determine the optimal SSB index to which it currently belongs; or performing at least one round of SSB measurement after access, measuring the SSB within a round of SSB scanning cycle, and selecting and maintaining the optimal SSB according to the measured results.
  • the terminal device 110 combines its own position, beam coverage information, satellite ephemeris, current optimal SSB, etc. to calculate the accurate beam information serving the current position, determine the current optimal SSB index, and determine the SSB index corresponding to the required receiving beam to be measured based on the SSB scanning pattern, determine the precise range of its own required measurement, and perform SSB measurement in the corresponding time-frequency resources.
  • the SSB scanning pattern includes the SSB beam scanning order, the beam scanning starting point, etc., such as scanning from 0 to 231 in ascending order along the short side of the rectangle.
  • the SSB scanning pattern determines the coverage order of the SSB beam on the ground.
  • the terminal device 110 When the terminal device 110 determines the precise range of SSB measurement, it can combine the SMTC window configuration, determine the SSB index to be measured within the SMTC window range configured by the network device, and measure the SSB on the time-frequency resources corresponding to the SSB index to be measured in the SMTC window. At this time, the SSB measurement of the terminal device is triggered by the network device.
  • the terminal device may not limit the SMTC window configuration, and the terminal device can determine its own SSB index to be measured and trigger the measurement by itself.
  • Step 3 The terminal device 110 reports the measurement results to the network device, and assists the network device in beam switching.
  • the terminal device 110 enables subsequent processes such as cell reselection or cell switching based on the measurement results. Specifically, after the terminal device 110 reports the measurement results to the network device, if the current optimal SSB of the terminal device 110 is changed, the network device 120 can subsequently determine the subsequent scheduling beam for the terminal device 110 based on the updated optimal SSB; if the terminal device 110 measures that the SSB signal quality of the neighboring satellite is better, the terminal device 110 subsequently performs subsequent cell reselection or cell switching processes based on the measured optimal neighboring satellite SSB. Furthermore, the initial access process of the neighboring satellite can be started according to the optimal SSB of the neighboring satellite, and random access can be initiated.
  • Beam coverage information can be carried in the broadcast information sent by network devices, such as System Information Block 1 (SIB1), System Information Block 19 (SIB19), RRC signaling, etc.
  • SIB1 System Information Block 1
  • SIB19 System Information Block 19
  • RRC signaling etc.
  • the beam coverage information can be sent in a list in the order of SSB index, for example:
  • the coverage information can be used in SSB measurements in idle and connected states to determine the precise SSB index to be measured.
  • the coverage information can also be used during the initial access process to assist the terminal device in selecting the access timing (Random Access Channel Occasion, RO) resources for sending the physical random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel, PRACH).
  • Random Access Channel Occasion, RO Physical Random Access Channel
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • the UE receives the SSB, selects the optimal SSB, and receives system information based on the SSB.
  • the terminal device obtains the beam coverage information of the cell and/or neighboring cells from the received system information.
  • the terminal device can restore the SSB scanning pattern and the area covered by the SSB beam based on the beam coverage information. Combined with its own position and ephemeris information, the UE can know its SSB beam range more accurately. This can assist in selecting the RO resource for sending uplink random access and improve the initial access performance.
  • the UE is at the edge of SSB#15 and SSB#26, and the optimal SSB that the UE may measure is SSB#26.
  • the optimal SSB coverage should be SSB#15 when the UE needs to perform random access transmission. If the UE does not obtain the beam coverage information, it will make an uplink random access request on the RO resource corresponding to SSB#26. Since the actual service is SSB#15, the access fails.
  • the terminal device can know that the currently serving SSB beam is SSB#15 based on the satellite ephemeris and its current GNSS position in combination with the beam coverage information, thereby changing the selected RO resource for sending PRACH, and can send PRACH on the RO resource corresponding to SSB#15, thereby ensuring the random access process of the UE.
  • the UE can also send a random access request on the RO resources corresponding to multiple SSBs to further improve the access performance.
  • the UE can determine that the SSB beam range to which it belongs includes ⁇ SSB#3, SSB#4, SSB#5, SSB#14, SSB#15, SSB#16, SSB#25, SSB#26, SSB#27 ⁇ according to the SSB scanning pattern, and the UE can send PRACH on the RO resources corresponding to multiple SSB beams to improve the access performance.
  • the SSB validity period T (validity period T), that is, the validity period of the RO selected by the UE must be less than or equal to T.
  • the optimal SSB measured by the UE and the RO used by the UE to send PRACH must meet the constraint of validity period T. If the validity period is exceeded, it is necessary to continue to measure and maintain the optimal SSB, thereby improving the UE access success rate.
  • the validity period constraint avoids UE failure due to the replacement of the optimal SSB.
  • the RO selected for sending the PRACH is wrong, and the PRACH sent on the RO cannot be successfully received by the network device, resulting in access failure.
  • the solution of this embodiment can also be applied to neighboring satellite measurement.
  • the network device may send down the beam coverage information of the neighboring satellite, and the specific sending method and signaling bearer may be the same as the beam coverage information sent down by the local satellite.
  • the simplification of the neighboring satellite beam coverage information can be considered, for example, adding a bit BeamCoverageSame to indicate whether the beam coverage information of the local satellite and the neighboring satellite is the same, if the same, the bit is 1, and if different, the bit is 0.
  • the network device sends beam coverage information, and the terminal device restores the beam coverage information, so that the terminal device can determine the beam coverage range to which it belongs and achieve accurate SSB measurement.
  • Example 2 is described below with reference to FIG. 2 . It should be noted that each part of the content in Example 2 can be used alone or in any combination with part of the content in other embodiments. It is only used for exemplary purposes and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • This embodiment further defines the specific form of the beam coverage information sent by the network device on the basis of the first embodiment.
  • the network device sends parameters such as the beam coverage radius R or diameter D, the beam center point C (x, y) to characterize the beam coverage information, so that the terminal device can obtain the beam coverage information according to the sent parameters.
  • Step 1 The network device 120 broadcasts the radius R or diameter D of the beam and the center point C.
  • Step 2 The terminal device 110 determines the beam coverage information (beam coverage area) based on R or D, C, and calculates the accurate beam information of the current service location based on its own position and satellite ephemeris, determines the SSB beam of the service and/or the SSB beam to be measured, and performs SSB measurement in the corresponding time-frequency resources.
  • accurate SSB measurement can be performed in the corresponding time-frequency resources within the measurement window configured in the SMTC window.
  • Step 3 The terminal device 110 reports the measurement results to the network device, and assists the network device in beam switching.
  • the terminal device 110 enables subsequent processes such as cell reselection or cell switching based on the measurement results. Specifically, after the terminal device 110 reports the measurement results to the network device 120, if the current optimal SSB of the terminal device 110 is changed, the network device 120 can subsequently determine the subsequent scheduling beam for the terminal device 110 based on the updated optimal SSB; if the terminal device 110 measures that the SSB signal quality of the neighboring satellite is better, the terminal device 110 subsequently performs subsequent cell reselection or cell switching processes based on the measured optimal neighboring satellite SSB. Furthermore, the initial access process of the neighboring satellite can be started according to the optimal SSB of the neighboring satellite, and random access can be initiated.
  • the beam center point refers to the position where the beam center direction is projected onto the ground.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of beam projection according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beam center angle ⁇ refers to the angle ⁇ between the beam center point and the vertical ground.
  • the beam width is determined according to the point where the gain is reduced by x dB (such as points A and B), and the beam width angle is [ ⁇ + ⁇ 1 , ⁇ - ⁇ 2 ].
  • x dB can be defined according to actual conditions, and 3dB is commonly used, that is, the beam width or beam coverage is determined according to the point where the gain is reduced by 3dB starting from the beam center point.
  • the beam radius R or diameter D and center point C sent by the network device may be the beam coverage information directly indicating the projection of the beam on the ground with reference to the ground.
  • the beam coverage radius R or diameter D and center point C sent by the network device may be the beam coverage information projected by the network device to the reference point height h.
  • the terminal device needs to calculate the beam coverage area of the beam projected to the ground based on the reference point height h, coverage information, satellite position, terminal device position, etc.
  • the method of sending the beam radius R or diameter D and the center point C in this embodiment can be applied to the Earth Fixed scenario
  • FIG8 illustrates a schematic diagram of the Earth Fixed scenario that can be implemented according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the Earth Fixed scenario refers to the ground being fixed, that is, as the satellite moves, the beam number covering the same area on the ground remains unchanged, and correspondingly, the beam weight will change.
  • this embodiment further defines the specific form of the beam coverage information sent by the network device based on the first embodiment.
  • the network device sends parameters such as the beam coverage radius R or diameter D, the beam center point C (x, y) to characterize the beam coverage information, so that the terminal device can obtain the beam coverage information according to the sent parameters.
  • Example 3 is described below with reference to FIG. 2 . It should be noted that each part of the content in Example 3 can be used alone or in any combination with part of the content in other embodiments. It is only used for exemplary purposes and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • a network device sends down beam coverage angle information for characterizing beam coverage information, enabling a terminal device to obtain beam coverage information according to sent parameters.
  • Step 1 The network device 120 sends the beam coverage angle information via broadcast information
  • Step 2 The terminal device 110 determines the beam coverage information (beam coverage area) based on the angle information and satellite ephemeris, and calculates the accurate beam information of the service current position according to its own position, determines the SSB beam of the service and/or the beam to be measured, and performs SSB measurement at the corresponding time-frequency resource position.
  • accurate SSB measurement can be performed at the corresponding time-frequency resources within the measurement window configured by the SMTC window.
  • Step 3 The terminal device 110 reports the measurement results to the network device 120, and assists the network device 120 in beam switching.
  • the terminal device 110 enables subsequent processes such as cell reselection or cell switching based on the measurement results. Specifically, after the terminal device 110 reports the measurement results to the network device 120, if the current optimal SSB of the terminal device 110 is changed, the network device can subsequently determine the subsequent scheduling beam for the terminal device 110 based on the updated optimal SSB; if the terminal device 110 measures that the SSB signal quality of the neighboring satellite is better, the terminal device 110 subsequently performs subsequent cell reselection or cell switching processes based on the measured optimal neighboring satellite SSB. Furthermore, the initial access process of the neighboring satellite can be started according to the optimal SSB of the neighboring satellite, and random access can be initiated.
  • the method of sending beam coverage angle information in this embodiment can be applied to the ground moving (Earth Moving) scenario, which refers to the movement of the satellite, that is, as the satellite moves, the beam number covering the same area on the ground changes, and correspondingly, the beam weight of the network device remains unchanged.
  • Earth Moving Earth Moving
  • Figure 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of a ground moving scenario that can be implemented according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beam coverage angle sent by the network device may be based on the ground as a reference, directly indicating the beam coverage angle of the beam projected on the ground, such as ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , as shown in FIG9 .
  • the beam coverage angle sent by the network device can be the beam coverage angle ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 projected by the network device to the reference point height h.
  • the terminal device needs to calculate the beam coverage area of the beam projected to the ground based on the reference point height h, coverage information, satellite position, terminal device position, etc.
  • the beam coverage angle sent by the network device may be the beam angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 sent from the network device.
  • the terminal device needs to calculate the beam coverage area of the beam projected onto the ground based on the beam coverage angle information, satellite position, terminal device position, etc.
  • This embodiment characterizes the beam coverage information through the beam coverage angle information.
  • the terminal device can obtain the beam coverage information according to the sent information, so as to determine the beam to be measured in combination with the satellite ephemeris and its own position, and perform accurate SSB measurement.
  • Example 4 is described below with reference to FIG. 2 . It should be noted that each part of the content in Example 4 can be used alone or in any combination with part of the content in other embodiments. It is only used for exemplary purposes and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • This embodiment is based on Embodiments 1, 2 and 3, and further considers how to combine beam scanning patterns to save signaling overhead of broadcast information.
  • the beam scanning patterns are limited in number and/or predefined. Since the beam scanning patterns can be in different shapes, such as circular, rectangular, square, elliptical, irregular, etc., when combining the beam scanning patterns to reduce the broadcast signaling overhead, it is necessary to predefine or indicate a specific beam coverage shape.
  • a rectangular beam coverage shape is taken as an example.
  • the overall satellite coverage pattern is a rectangle.
  • the coverage area of each beam is also a rectangle.
  • the network device 120 may send down a beam scanning mode, such as a predefined scanning mode list of ⁇ starting along the long side, starting along the short side ⁇ and/or ⁇ sequential numbering, serpentine numbering ⁇ , and indicate one of the modes by a bit.
  • a beam scanning mode such as a predefined scanning mode list of ⁇ starting along the long side, starting along the short side ⁇ and/or ⁇ sequential numbering, serpentine numbering ⁇ , and indicate one of the modes by a bit.
  • a beam scanning mode such as a predefined scanning mode list of ⁇ starting along the long side, starting along the short side ⁇ and/or ⁇ sequential numbering, serpentine numbering ⁇ , and indicate one of the modes by a bit.
  • starting along the long side means that the beam/SSB index is counted/numbered from the long side.
  • “Starting along the short side” means that the beam/SSB index is numbered from the short side, as shown in FIG. 10, and is numbered from
  • “Sequential numbering” means that the minimum beam numbers of each column (combined with the short side)/row (combined with the long side) are in the same direction, for example, the minimum values of each column 0, 11, 22, 33, 44, 66, 77, 88, 99, 110, 121, 132, 143, 154, 165, 176, 187, 198, 209, 220, 231 are all at the lower edge of the beam coverage, and are arranged from the lower edge to the upper edge of the coverage area according to the beam numbers from small to large.
  • “Snake numbering” means that the beam numbers of each column (combined with the short side)/row (combined with the long side) are continuous, for example, the first column is 0-10 from bottom to top, and the second column is 21-11 from bottom to top (that is, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 from top to bottom).
  • a square beam coverage shape is used as an example.
  • the overall satellite coverage pattern is a square.
  • the coverage area of each beam is also a square.
  • the long side or the short side can be any side.
  • the network device 120 may send down a beam scanning mode, such as a predefined scanning mode list of ⁇ starting along the long side, starting along the short side ⁇ and/or ⁇ sequential numbering, serpentine numbering ⁇ , and indicate one of the modes through a bit.
  • a beam scanning mode such as a predefined scanning mode list of ⁇ starting along the long side, starting along the short side ⁇ and/or ⁇ sequential numbering, serpentine numbering ⁇ , and indicate one of the modes through a bit.
  • a beam scanning mode such as a predefined scanning mode list of ⁇ starting along the long side, starting along the short side ⁇ and/or ⁇ sequential numbering, serpentine numbering ⁇ , and indicate one of the modes through a bit.
  • starting along the long side means that the beam/SSB index is counted/numbered from the long side.
  • “Starting along the short side” means that the beam/SSB index is numbered from the short side, and the long side and the short side can be either side
  • “Sequential numbering” means that the minimum beam number of each column/row is in the same direction, for example, the minimum values of each column 0, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 240 are all at the lower edge of the beam coverage range, and are arranged from the lower edge to the upper edge of the coverage area according to the beam number from small to large.
  • “Snake numbering” means that the beam numbers in each column/row are continuous, for example, the first column is 0-15 from bottom to top, and the second column is 31-16 from bottom to top (i.e., 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 from top to bottom).
  • the network device 120 sends the starting position of beam number 0, such as the position of SSB#0, which can be represented by an offset relative to the subsatellite point.
  • the starting position of beam number 0 can be a specific position or a relative position, such as the lower left corner, upper left corner, upper right corner, or lower right corner of the rectangular pattern.
  • Step 1 The network device 120 sends relevant parameters according to the beam scanning pattern.
  • the relevant parameters include at least one or more of the number of long-side beams X, the number of short-side beams Y, the position of SSB#0, and the scanning mode (along the long side or short side and/or sequential numbering or serpentine numbering).
  • the scanning mode as long the long side or short side and/or sequential numbering or serpentine numbering.
  • Method 1 The parameters sent down include the beam radius, so the terminal device 110 can completely restore the coverage situation and deduce the SSB to be measured based on the current SSB beam range, which is more accurate.
  • Mode 2 If the sent parameters do not include the beam radius, the terminal device 110 can derive the surrounding SSB indexes and perform SSB measurement based on the SSB selected during the access process as an anchor point.
  • Step 2 The terminal device 110 determines how many surrounding beams need to be measured based on the information sent, e.g., 1 circle, 2 circles, etc.
  • Step 3 The terminal device 110 reports the measurement result to the network device 120, and assists the network device 120 in beam switching.
  • the terminal device 110 enables subsequent processes such as cell reselection or cell switching based on the measurement result. Specifically, after the terminal device 110 reports the measurement result to the network device, if the current optimal SSB of the terminal device 110 is changed, the network device 120 can subsequently determine the subsequent scheduling beam for the terminal device 110 based on the updated optimal SSB; if the terminal device 110 measures that the SSB signal quality of the neighboring satellite is better, the terminal device 110 subsequently performs subsequent cell reselection or cell switching processes based on the measured optimal neighboring satellite SSB. Furthermore, the initial access process of the neighboring satellite can be started according to the optimal SSB of the neighboring satellite, and random access can be initiated, etc.
  • Rectangular scanning can use the number of long side beams X, the number of short side beams Y, the long side beam radius R1, the short side beam radius R2, etc.; circular scanning can use the number of beams per circle Z; square scanning can use the number of side long beams M.
  • This embodiment saves the signaling overhead of broadcast information by combining the beam scanning pattern, thereby enabling low-overhead beam coverage information to be sent down and reducing implementation overhead.
  • Example 5 is described below with reference to FIG. 2 . It should be noted that each part of the content in Example 5 can be used alone or in any combination with part of the content in other embodiments. It is only used for exemplary purposes and is not used to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
  • This embodiment and the fourth embodiment are based on the first, second and third embodiments, and consider how to save the overhead of broadcast signaling.
  • This embodiment further considers the correlation between beams on the basis of the fourth embodiment to reduce the overhead of broadcast signaling. Specifically, the following solutions may be provided:
  • the network device 120 determines the gradual change or jump mode of the SSB beam according to the scanning pattern to indicate the beam coverage information. Two different modes are defined.
  • the gradual change mode means that the beam weights between adjacent beams are similar, and only relative information needs to be sent instead of all the information.
  • a can be the base beam
  • the offset value b can be the variation feature.
  • the hopping mode means that adjacent beams are discontinuous and the beam numbers are abrupt instead of sequential.
  • absolute information needs to be sent. For example, if the beam coverage between SSB indexes 10 and 11 is hopping, the beam coverage information at this time needs to be sent absolute information.
  • Solution 2 Compress the number of bits required for beam coverage information by using beam similarity
  • method 1 considering beam similarity, beam 1 and characteristic parameters are used to characterize beam information of multiple beams.
  • Method 2 The network device uses artificial intelligence (AI) to compress and extract features, and the terminal device restores the beam information before compression.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • This embodiment combines the scanning pattern and the correlation of adjacent beams, and utilizes the correlation of adjacent beams to further simplify the number of bits required for the beam coverage information, thereby saving signaling overhead, thereby enabling low-overhead beam coverage information to be sent down and reducing implementation overhead.
  • the network device will send down the beam coverage information, and secondly, when sending down the beam coverage information, it combines the beam scanning pattern and the beam correlation, and refines the definition of the sending parameters for simplifying the beam coverage information in combination with the correlation of adjacent beams, such as using base beams and changes to represent adjacent beams; for example, using absolute information to represent jump beams.
  • neural network/machine learning algorithms such as AI can also be used to extract, characterize and restore the feature quantities of the beam coverage information.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a schematic flow chart of a method 1200 implemented at a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the process 1200 will be discussed in conjunction with FIG. 1A.
  • the method 1200 may be implemented by a terminal device 110 in a communication system 100.
  • the method 1200 may also be implemented by other communication devices independent of the communication system 100.
  • the method 1200 will be described below by taking the implementation by the terminal device 110 in the communication system 100 as an example.
  • the terminal device 110 receives beam coverage information of the network device from the network device, wherein the beam coverage information is used to determine the spatial coverage of multiple beams.
  • the terminal device 110 determines the beam coverage of the terminal device 110 in the spatial coverage of the multiple beams.
  • the terminal device 110 performs radio resource management measurements based on the beam coverage.
  • the beam coverage information may include: a scanning order of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, a coverage geographic area of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, spatial filtering parameters of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, shape information of the spatial coverage of multiple beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the beam coverage information may include: coverage radius or coverage diameter of a beam in a plurality of beams, center point and/or beam center angle of a beam in a plurality of beams, and coverage angle information of a beam in a plurality of beams.
  • the coverage radius or coverage diameter and the center point and/or beam center angle may be determined with reference to the ground or a reference plane at a predetermined height.
  • the coverage angle information may include: the beam coverage angle of the beam projected on the ground, the beam coverage angle of the beam projected to a reference plane at a predetermined height, the beam angle when the beam is emitted from the network device, or one or more of the above.
  • the terminal device may determine beam coverage based on: the location of the terminal device; satellite ephemeris associated with the network device; or a beam previously determined by the terminal device to have previously covered the terminal device, or one or more of the above.
  • performing wireless resource management measurements may include: based on the beam coverage range, the terminal device determines a coverage beam covering the terminal device; based on the beam scanning pattern and coverage beam of the network device, the terminal device determines at least one beam to be measured; and based on the at least one beam to be measured, performing wireless resource management measurements.
  • determining at least one beam to be measured may include: the terminal device receiving a beam measurement time window configuration from a network device, the measurement time window configuration indicating a measurement period and duration determined by the network device for performing wireless resource management measurements by the terminal device; and the terminal device determining at least one beam to be measured based on the beam scanning pattern, coverage beam and beam measurement time window configuration of the network device.
  • the network device may be a first network device 120
  • the beam coverage information may be first beam coverage information
  • the method further includes: the terminal device receives, from the first network device, second beam coverage information of the second network device 130.
  • the second beam coverage information may include indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate whether the second beam coverage information is the same as the first beam coverage information.
  • the beam coverage information may include parameters related to the beam scanning pattern of the plurality of beams.
  • the parameters may include: shape information of the plurality of beams, the number of long side beams of a rectangular coverage area of the plurality of beams, the number of short side beams of a rectangular coverage area, the number of beams per circle when the beam scanning pattern is a circular scan, position information of a starting numbered beam, a scanning mode of the plurality of beams, a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of a beam in the plurality of beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the terminal device determines the beam to be measured based on the coverage radius or the coverage diameter of the beam.Based on determining that the parameters do not include a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of the beam, the terminal device determines the beam to be measured based on the beam selected during the access process.
  • the beam coverage information may include: indication information for indicating whether the change between the beams in the plurality of beams is a gradual change, wherein the gradual change indicates the change between beams with adjacent beam numbers and adjacent geographical locations.
  • the plurality of The second beam in the beams is represented by center point offset information relative to the first beam.
  • the beam coverage information may be compressed based on mathematical cross-correlations between beams in the plurality of beams.
  • the terminal device may send a measurement result of the radio resource management measurement to the network device. In some embodiments, the terminal device may perform random access to the network device based on the beam coverage.
  • performing random access may include: the terminal device determines a coverage beam covering the terminal device based on the beam coverage range; and the terminal device sends a random access request to the network device at a random access opportunity corresponding to the coverage beam.
  • performing random access may include: the terminal device determines multiple beams corresponding to the beam coverage range; and the terminal device sends a random access request to the network device at multiple random access opportunities corresponding to the multiple beams.
  • the terminal device when initiating a random access request, if the coverage beam fails, the terminal device can acquire a new coverage beam.
  • a beam measurement method is designed for the NTN network, which is used for local and neighboring cell measurements to achieve accurate location-based measurements.
  • the signaling is further streamlined and compressed, reducing the signaling overhead of beam measurement configuration.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a schematic flow chart of a method 1300 implemented at a network device 120 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the process 1300 will be discussed in conjunction with FIG. 1A.
  • the method 1300 may be implemented by a network device 120 in a communication system 100.
  • the method 1300 may also be implemented by other communication devices independent of the communication system 100.
  • the method 1300 will be described below by taking the implementation by the network device 120 in the communication system 100 as an example.
  • the network device 120 determines beam coverage information of the network device 120 , wherein the beam coverage information is used to determine spatial coverage of the plurality of beams.
  • the network device 120 sends the beam coverage information to the terminal device 110 .
  • the beam coverage information includes one or more of the following: a scanning order of the spatial coverage of multiple beams; a coverage geographic area of the spatial coverage of multiple beams; spatial filtering parameters of the spatial coverage of multiple beams; or shape information of the spatial coverage of multiple beams.
  • the beam coverage information may include: a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of a beam in a plurality of beams, a center point and/or a beam center angle of a beam in a plurality of beams, coverage angle information of a beam in a plurality of beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the coverage radius or the coverage diameter and the center point and/or the beam center angle are determined with reference to the ground or a reference plane at a predetermined height.
  • the coverage angle information includes: a beam coverage angle of a beam projected on the ground, a beam coverage angle of a beam projected onto a reference plane at a predetermined height, a beam angle when the beam is emitted from a network device, or one or more of the above.
  • the beam coverage information may be arranged with a granularity of one beam among the multiple beams or with a granularity of at least two beams among the multiple beams.
  • the network device may determine a beam measurement time window configuration, the measurement time window configuration indicating a measurement period and duration for performing radio resource management measurements by the terminal device.
  • the network device may send the beam measurement time window configuration to the terminal device.
  • the network device may be a first network device 120, and the beam coverage information is first beam coverage information.
  • the first network device may send second beam coverage information of the second network device 130 to the terminal device.
  • the second beam coverage information may include indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate whether the second beam coverage information is consistent with the first beam coverage information.
  • the beam coverage information may include parameters related to the beam scanning pattern of the plurality of beams.
  • the parameters include: shape information of the plurality of beams, the number of long side beams of a rectangular coverage area of the plurality of beams, the number of short side beams of a rectangular coverage area, the number of beams per circle when the beam scanning pattern is a circular scan, position information of a starting numbered beam, a scanning mode of the plurality of beams, a coverage radius or a coverage diameter of a beam in the plurality of beams, or one or more of the above.
  • the beam coverage information may include: indication information for indicating whether the change between the beams in the plurality of beams is a gradual change, wherein the gradual change indicates the change between beams with adjacent beam numbers and adjacent geographical locations, and in the gradual change, the second beam in the plurality of beams is represented by the center point offset information relative to the first beam.
  • the beam coverage information may be compressed based on the mathematical correlation between the beams in the plurality of beams.
  • the network device may receive measurement results of radio resource management measurements from the terminal device, and the network device may send an indication to the terminal device to perform beam switching based on the measurement results.
  • the network device may receive a random access request from the terminal device, wherein the random access request is transmitted at a random access opportunity corresponding to one or more beams corresponding to the beam coverage.
  • a beam measurement method is designed for the NTN network, which is used for local and neighboring cell measurements to achieve accurate location-based measurements.
  • the signaling is further streamlined and compressed, reducing the signaling overhead of beam measurement configuration.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • These communication devices can implement the functions of the terminal device or network device in the above method embodiment, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects of the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device may be the terminal device 110 , the network device 120 or the network device 130 as shown in FIG. 1 , or may be a module (such as a chip) applied to the terminal device 110 , the network device 120 or the network device 130 .
  • the communication device 1400 includes a processing unit 1410, a receiving unit 1420, and a sending unit 1430.
  • the communication device can be used to implement the functions of the terminal device or the network device in the method embodiments shown in Figure 2, Figure 12 or Figure 13.
  • the processing unit can be a processor
  • the sending unit can be a transmitter
  • the receiving unit can be a receiver.
  • the communication device 1500 includes a processor 1510 and an interface circuit 1520.
  • the processor 1510 and the interface circuit 1520 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 1520 may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a memory 1530 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1510 or storing input data required by the processor 1510 to execute instructions or storing data generated after the processor 1510 executes instructions.
  • the processor 1510 is used to execute the function of the above processing unit 1410
  • the interface circuit 1520 is used to execute the functions of the above receiving unit 1420 and the sending unit 1430.
  • the device chip When the above communication device is a chip applied to the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130, the device chip implements the functions of the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130 in the above method embodiment.
  • the device chip receives information from other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130, and the information may be sent by other terminal devices 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130; or, the terminal device chip sends information to other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130, and the information is sent to other terminal devices 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130.
  • modules such as radio frequency modules or antennas
  • processors in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system may include the communication device involved in the embodiment shown in the above-mentioned FIG. 14, such as the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130.
  • the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130 in the communication system may execute any of the communication methods shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13.
  • the present application also provides a circuit, which can be coupled to a memory and can be used to execute the processes related to the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the network device 130 in any of the above method embodiments.
  • the chip system may include the chip and other components such as a memory or a transceiver.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • DSP digital signal processors
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • FPGA field programmable gate arrays
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static RAM
  • DRAM dynamic RAM
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • DDR SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • DR RAM direct rambus RAM
  • processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) is integrated in the processor.
  • memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution.
  • the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • modules and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be It is implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the disclosed communication methods and devices can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the module is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or the part that makes the contribution or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method of each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer.
  • computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), universal serial bus flash disk, mobile hard disk, or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • universal serial bus flash disk mobile hard disk, or other optical disk storage
  • magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer.
  • the term “including” and similar terms should be understood as open inclusion, i.e., “including but not limited to”.
  • the term “based on” should be understood as “based at least in part on”.
  • the term “one embodiment” or “the embodiment” should be understood as “at least one embodiment”.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. can refer to different or identical objects, and are only used to distinguish the objects referred to, without implying a specific spatial order, temporal order, order of importance, etc. of the objects referred to.
  • values, processes, selected items, determined items, equipment, devices, means, components, assemblies, etc. are referred to as “best”, “lowest”, “highest”, “minimum”, “maximum”, etc.
  • the term “determine” can cover a variety of actions. For example, “determine” can include calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search (e.g., search in a table, database or another data structure), ascertainment, etc. Additionally, “determining” may include receiving (eg, receiving information), accessing (eg, accessing data in a memory), etc. Furthermore, “determining” may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, etc.

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Abstract

本公开的实施例提供了一种通信方法、通信设备、计算机可读存储介质以及计算机程序产品。该通信方法包括终端设备从网络设备接收网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围；终端设备在多个波束的空域覆盖范围中确定终端设备所在的波束覆盖范围；以及终端设备基于波束覆盖范围执行无线资源管理测量。以此方式，终端设备从网络设备获得波束覆盖信息，从而根据波束覆盖信息去确定自己所属的波束空域覆盖范围，实现精准的无线资源管理测量。

Description

一种通信方法、通信设备、介质及程序产品
本申请要求于2023年3月27日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202310350560.9、发明名称为“一种通信方法、通信设备、介质及程序产品”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及通信领域，并且更具体地涉及一种通信方法、通信设备、计算机可读存储介质以及计算机程序产品。
背景技术
在地面通信系统中，因终端的移动会造成终端在不同的基站间进行接入的选择和切换，切换相关状态的判断则一般依赖移动性管理。移动性管理主要指的是无线资源管理(RRM)相关的测量流程，以及基于测量结果触发的移动性信令流程。目前，正在研究非陆地网络(Non-Terrestrial Networks，NTN)覆盖以进一步提升覆盖范围，实现为海洋、森林等一些区域提供通信服务。与地面基站不同，NTN中作为基站的网络设备相对地面移动速度较大且信号传播距离更远，使得网络设备的信号路径损耗更大。当前移动通信系统中针对终端设备与地面基站设计的通信机制无法直接应用于NTN系统中。
在NTN通信系统中，UE也需要进行波束测量以便进行移动性管理由于卫星覆盖面积大，波束数量多，过长的测量时间窗口会导致终端测量效率的大幅下降，使得终端功耗开销明显增加。另一方面，终端占用的时频资源开销也将增长，这使得终端的数据传输受到很大的限制。因此，针对NTN通信系统，设计一套高效的移动性管理流程是十分重要的。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供了一种通信方法、通信设备、以及计算机可读存储介质。从而终端设备能够从网络设备获得波束覆盖信息，根据波束覆盖信息去确定自己所属的波束空域覆盖范围，实现精准的无线资源管理测量。
在本申请的第一方面，提供了一种通信方法。该方法包括：终端设备从网络设备接收网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围；终端设备在多个波束的空域覆盖范围中确定终端设备所在的波束覆盖范围；以及终端设备基于波束覆盖范围执行无线资源管理测量。以此方式，终端设备根据波束覆盖信息去确定自己所属的波束空域覆盖范围，进而实现精准的无线资源管理测量。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序；多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域；多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数；或多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息。由此，终端设备通过波束覆盖信息能获得波束的多种且全面的空域相关信息，从而提高波束测量的精确度。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径；多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角；或多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息。由此，波束覆盖信息以不同的形式被表征，使终端设备能够获得多种波束覆盖信息。
在一些实施例中，覆盖半径或覆盖直径和中心点和/或波束中心角是以地面或位于预定高度的参考面为参考而被确定的。由此，参数具有多种参考面，增加了参数表征的灵活性。
在一些实施例中，覆盖角度信息包括以下至少一项：波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度；波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度；或波束从网络设备发出时的波束角度。由此，覆盖角度信息可以具有不同的形式，终端设备能够更加灵活且精确地获得角度信息。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息以多个波束中一个波束为粒度或以多个波束中至少两个波束为粒度排列。由此，波束覆盖信息以多波束为粒度下发，表征波束覆盖信息的开销减少。
在一些实施例中，终端设备还基于以下至少一项来确定波束覆盖范围：终端设备的位置；与网络设备相关联的卫星星历；或终端设备先前确定的先前覆盖终端设备的波束。由此，终端设备能够参考多种信息，从而获得更精确的波束覆盖范围。
在一些实施例中，执行无线资源管理测量包括：基于波束覆盖范围，终端设备确定覆盖终端设备的覆盖波束；基于网络设备的波束扫描图案和覆盖波束，终端设备确定至少一个待测量波束；以及基于至少一个待测量波束，执行无线资源管理测量。由此，终端设备能够基于波束覆盖信息执行无线资源管理测量。
在一些实施例中，确定至少一个待测量波束包括：终端设备从网络设备接收波束测量时间窗配置，测量时间窗配置指示网络设备确定的由终端设备执行无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间；以及终端设备基于网络设备的波束扫描图案、覆盖波束和波束测量时间窗配置来确定至少一个待测量波束。由此，结合波束测量时间窗配置来确定波束可以进一步缩小测量范围，进而降低测量开销。
在一些实施例中，网络设备是第一网络设备，波束覆盖信息是第一波束覆盖信息，方法还包括：终端设备从第一网络设备接收第二网络设备的第二波束覆盖信息。由此，终端设备能够获得邻区的波束覆盖信息，以便更好地选择最优波束。
在一些实施例中，第二波束覆盖信息包括指示信息，指示信息用于指示第二波束覆盖信息是否与第一波束覆盖信息相同。由此，邻区的波束覆盖信息可以被简化，降低了信令开销。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括与多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。由此，波束覆盖信息的信令被降低。
在一些实施例中，参数包括以下至少一项：多个波束的形状信息；多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目；矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目；波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目；波束扫描图案为正方形扫描的情况下正方形边长数目；起始编号波束的位置信息；多个波束的扫描方式；或多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径。由此，不同的扫描图案能够以不同的参数表征。
在一些实施例中，基于确定参数包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，终端设备基于波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径确定待测量波束；或基于确定参数不包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，终端设备基于接入过程中所选择的波束确定待测量波束。由此，终端设备能够以不同方式确定待测量波束。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括：用于指示多个波束中的波束之间的变化是否是渐变方式的指示信息，其中渐变方式指示波束编号相邻，地理位置相邻的波束之间的变化，在渐变方式下，多个波束中的第二波束以相对于第一波束的中心点偏移信息来表示。由此，波束覆盖信息能够以相对值或绝对值被下发，降低了信令开销。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息是基于多个波束中的波束之间的数学互相关性被压缩过的。由此，降低了波束覆盖信息的冗余，提高了通信效率。
在一些实施例中，终端设备向网络设备发送无线资源管理测量的测量结果。由此，网络设备能够基于测量结果执行波束切换。
在一些实施例中，终端设备基于波束覆盖范围执行针对网络设备的随机接入。由此，随机接入性能被提升。
在一些实施例中，执行随机接入包括：终端设备基于波束覆盖范围确定覆盖终端设备的覆盖波束；以及终端设备在与覆盖波束相对应的随机接入时机，向网络设备发送随机接入请求。由此，随机接入能够在最优波束对应资源上被发起。
在一些实施例中，执行随机接入包括：终端设备确定与波束覆盖范围相对应的多个波束；以及终端设备在与多个波束相对应的多个随机接入时机，向网络设备发送随机接入请求。由此，终端设备能够在多个波束对应资源上发起随机接入，提高随机接入过程成功率。
在一些实施例中，通信方法还包括：在发起随机接入请求时，如果覆盖波束失效，终端设备获取新的覆盖波束。由此，避免了最优波束更换导致终端设备选择错误的资源执行随机接入。
在本申请的第二方面，提供了一种通信方法。该方法包括：网络设备确定网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围；以及网络设备向终端设备发送波束覆盖信息。以此方式，终端设备能够根据波束覆盖信息去确定自己所属的波束空域覆盖范围，进而实现精准的无线资源管理测量。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序；多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域；多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数；或多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息。由此，波束的多种且全面的空域相关信息能够被下发，从而提高波束测量的精确度。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径；多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角；或多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息。由此，波束覆盖信息以不 同的形式被表征，使终端设备能够获得多种波束覆盖信息。
在一些实施例中，覆盖半径或覆盖直径和中心点和/或波束中心角是以地面或位于预定高度的参考面为参考而被确定的。由此，由此，参数具有多种参考面，增加了参数表征的灵活性。
在一些实施例中，覆盖角度信息包括以下至少一项：波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度；波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度；或波束从网络设备发出时的波束角度。由此，覆盖角度信息可以具有不同的形式，终端设备能够更加灵活且精确地获得角度信息。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息以多个波束中一个波束为粒度或以多个波束中至少两个波束为粒度排列。由此，波束覆盖信息以多波束为粒度下发，表征波束覆盖信息的开销减少。
在一些实施例中，通信方法还包括：网络设备确定波束测量时间窗配置，测量时间窗配置指示由终端设备执行无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间；以及网络设备向终端设备发送波束测量时间窗配置。由此，结合波束测量时间窗配置来确定波束可以进一步缩小测量范围，进而降低测量开销。
在一些实施例中，网络设备是第一网络设备，波束覆盖信息是第一波束覆盖信息，方法还包括：第一网络设备向终端设备发送第二网络设备的第二波束覆盖信息。由此，邻区的波束覆盖信息能够被发送给终端设备，以便更好地选择最优波束。
在一些实施例中，第二波束覆盖信息包括指示信息，指示信息用于指示第二波束覆盖信息是否与第一波束覆盖信息相同。由此，邻区的波束覆盖信息可以被简化，降低了信令开销。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括与多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。由此，波束覆盖信息的信令被降低。
在一些实施例中，参数包括以下至少一项：多个波束的形状信息；多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目；矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目；波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目；波束扫描图案为正方形扫描的情况下正方形边长波束的数目；起始编号波束的位置信息；多个波束的扫描方式；或多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径。由此，不同的扫描图案能够以不同的参数表征。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括：用于指示多个波束中的波束之间的变化是否是渐变方式的指示信息，其中渐变方式指示波束编号相邻，地理位置位置相邻的波束之间的变化，在渐变方式下，多个波束中的第二波束以相对于第一波束的中心点偏移信息来表示。由此，波束覆盖信息能够以相对值或绝对值被下发，降低了信令开销。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息是基于多个波束中的波束之间的数学相关性被压缩过的。由此，降低了波束覆盖信息的冗余，提高了通信效率。
在一些实施例中，网络设备从终端设备接收无线资源管理测量的测量结果；以及网络设备基于测量结果向终端设备发送执行波束切换的指示。由此，无线资源管理测量的性能能够被提升。
在一些实施例中，网络设备从终端设备接收随机接入请求，其中随机接入请求在与波束覆盖范围相对应的一个或多个波束所对应的随机接入时机上被传输。由此，随机接入过程成功率能够被提高。
在本申请的第三方面，提供了一种通信装置。通信装置包括处理器以及存储有指令的存储器。指令在被处理器执行时使得通信装置执行根据第一方面至第二方面中任一方面及其实现方式的任一方法。在本申请的第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。计算机可读存储介质存储有指令，指令在被电子设备执行时使得电子设备执行第一方面至第二方面中任一方面及其实现方式的任一方法。
在本申请的第五方面，提供了一种芯片。该芯片包括处理电路，被配置为执行第一方面至第二方面中任一方面及其实现方式的任一方法。
在本申请的第六方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品。计算机程序产品包括指令，指令在被电子设备执行时使得电子设备执行第一方面至第二方面中任一方面及其实现方式的任一方法。
应当理解，发明内容部分中所描述的内容并非旨在限定本申请的关键或重要特征，亦非用于限制本申请的范围。本申请的其他特征通过以下的描述将变得容易理解。
附图说明
图1A示出了本公开的实施例可以实现于其中的通信系统的示意图。
图1B示出了与本公开的实施例有关的通信系统的架构的示意图。
图1C示出了与本公开的实施例有关的NTN透明载荷传输的示意图。
图1D示出了与本公开的实施例有关的NTN再生载荷传输的示意图。
图2图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的NTN波束测量的交互信令图。
图3图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的示例波束覆盖信息的示意图。
图4图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的另一示例波束覆盖信息的示意图。
图5图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的又一示例波束覆盖信息的示意图。
图6图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的终端设备执行初始接入的示意图。
图7图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的波束投影的示意图。
图8图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的可以实现于其中的地面固定场景的示意图。
图9图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的可以实现于其中的地面移动场景的示意图。
图10图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的波束扫描示意图。
图11图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的另一波束扫描示意图。
图12示出了根据本公开的实施例的在终端设备处实现的方法的示意流程图；
图13示出了根据本公开的实施例的在网络设备处实现的方法的示意流程图；
图14示出了本申请实施例中一种可能实现方式的示例设备的简化框图。
图15示出了本申请实施例中一种可能实现方式的示例设备的简化框图。
贯穿所有附图，相同或者相似的参考标号被用来表示相同或者相似的组件。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的某些实施例，然而应当理解的是，本公开可以通过各种形式来实现，而且不应该被解释为限于这里阐述的实施例，相反提供这些实施例是为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开。应当理解的是，本公开的附图及实施例仅用于示例性作用，并非用于限制本公开的保护范围。
在本公开的实施例的描述中，术语“包括”及其类似用语应当理解为开放性包含，即“包括但不限于”。术语“基于”应当理解为“至少部分地基于”。术语“一个实施例”或“该实施例”应当理解为“至少一个实施例”。术语“第一”、“第二”等等可以指代不同的或相同的对象。下文还可能包括其他明确的和隐含的定义。
本公开的实施例可以根据任何适当的通信协议来实施，包括但不限于，第三代(3rd Generation，3G)、第四代(4G)、第五代(5G)以及未来的通信协议(例如，第六代(6G))等蜂窝通信协议、诸如电气与电子工程师协会(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，IEEE)802.11等的无线局域网通信协议、和/或目前已知或者将来开发的任何其他协议。
本公开的实施例的技术方案应用于遵循任何适当通信协议的通信系统，例如：通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、全球移动通信系统(Global System for Mobile Communications，GSM)、增强型数据速率GSM演进系统(Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution，EDGE)、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service，UMTS)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、宽带码分多址系统(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)、码分多址2000系统(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA2000)、时分同步码分多址系统(Time Division-Synchronization Code Division Multiple Access，TD-SCDMA)、频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)系统、时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)、第五代(5G)系统(例如，新无线电(New Radio，NR))以及未来的通信系统(例如，第六代(6G)系统)，等等。
出于说明的目的，下文中以3GPP中的5G通信系统为背景来描述本公开的实施例。然而，应当理解，本公开的实施例不限于该通信系统，而是可以被应用到任何存在类似问题的通信系统中，例如无线局域网(WLAN)、有线通信系统、或者将来开发的其他通信系统等。
在本公开中使用的术语“终端”或“终端设备”指能够与网络设备之间或者彼此之间进行有线或无线通信的任何终端设备。终端设备有时可以称为用户设备或UE。终端设备可以是任意类型的移动终端、固定终端或便携式终端。终端设备可以是具备无线通信功能的各种无线通信设备。随着物联网(Internet of Things，IOT)技术的兴起，越来越多之前不具备通信功能的设备，例如但不限于，家用电器、交通工具、工具设备、服务设备和服务设施，开始通过配置无线通信单元来获得无线通信功能，从而可以接入无线通信网络，接受远程控制。此类设备因配置有无线通信单元而具备无线通信功能，因此也属于无线通信设备的范畴。作为示例，终端设备可以包括移动蜂窝电话、无绳电话、移动终端(Mobile Terminal，MT)、移 动台、移动设备、无线终端、手持设备、客户端、订阅台、便携式订阅台、互联网节点、通信器、台式计算机、膝上型计算机、笔记本计算机、平板计算机、个人通信系统设备、个人导航设备、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、无线数据卡、无线调制解调器(Modulator demodulator，Modem)、定位设备、无线电广播接收器、电子书设备、游戏设备、IoT设备、车载设备、飞行器、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)设备、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)设备、可穿戴设备(例如，智能手表等)、5G网络中的终端设备或者演进的公用陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)中的任何终端设备、可用于通信的其他设备、或者上述的任意组合。
在本公开中使用的术语“网络节点”或“网络设备”是可以用于与终端设备通信的实体或节点，例如可以是接入网设备。接入网设备可以是部署在无线接入网中为移动终端提供无线通信功能的装置，例如可以是无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)网络设备。接入网设备可以包括各种类型的基站。基站用于为终端设备提供无线接入服务。具体来说，每个基站都对应一个服务覆盖区域，进入该区域的终端设备可通过无线信号与基站通信，以此来接受基站提供的无线接入服务。基站的服务覆盖区域之间可能存在交叠，处于交叠区域内的终端设备可收到来自多个基站的无线信号，因此可以同时由多个基站为该终端设备提供服务。根据所提供的服务覆盖区域的大小，接入网设备可以包括提供宏蜂窝(Macro cell)的宏基站、用于提供微蜂窝(Pico cell)的微基站、用于提供微微蜂窝的微微基站和用于提供毫微微蜂窝(Femto cell)的毫微微基站。此外，接入网设备还可以包括各种形式的中继站、接入点、远程无线电单元(Remote Radio Unit，RRU)、射频头(Radio Head，RH)、远程无线电头端(Remote Radio Head，RRH)等等。在采用不同的无线接入技术的系统中，接入网设备的名称可能会有所不同，例如在长期演进系统(Long Term Evolution，LTE)网络中称为演进的节点B(evolved NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)，在3G网络中称为节点B(NodeB，NB)，在5G网络中可以称为g节点B(gNB)或NR节点B(NR NB)，等等。在一些实现中，接入网设备可以包含卫星或无人机平台，可以应用于例如近地轨道(low earth orbit，LEO)、中地轨道(medium earth orbit，MEO)、地球静止轨道(Geostationary Earth Orbiting、GEO)/无人机系统(Unmanned Aircraft System、UAS)场景。为方便描述，本公开后续的实施例中，上述为移动终端提供无线通信功能的装置统称为网络设备，本公开的实施例不再具体限定。
在地面通信系统中，因终端的移动会造成终端在不同的基站间进行接入的选择和切换，切换相关状态的判断则一般依赖移动性管理。移动性管理主要指的是无线资源管理(Radio Resource Management，RRM)相关的测量流程，以及基于测量结果触发的移动性信令流程。在移动性管理中，基站或网络侧会向终端下发RRM测量任务，包括两个基本的测量配置。
·测量对象：规定测量的频段、参考信号形式、以及待测量的参考信号时域位置等等
·测量上报：规定触发测量的条件，以及上报测量结果的方式等
在NR系统中，可以用作RRM测量的参考信号主要有两种，一种是同步信号块(Synchronization Signal and PBCH Block，SS/PBCH Block，SSB)，另一种是信道状态信息参考信号(Channel State Information Reference Signal，CSI-RS)。在本公开的一些实施例中，主要针对基于SSB的移动性管理进行了描述。但是，应当理解，本公开的实施例不限制于基于SSB的移动性管理，而是也适用于基于CSI-RS的移动性管理或其他类似的移动性管理方案。
如果RRM测量时，两个测量小区的SSB的中心频率一样，且子载波间隔也相同，则在这两个小区间的测量被称为频内测量，否则被称为频间测量。对于基于SSB的移动性管理，因为大多数情况下，SSB在时域上并不是连续的，所以终端在做测量时，并不需要在时域上持续不断地搜索和测量SSB，而是仅在能够锁定这些SSB所在的时间窗内操作即可。因此，NR协议在网络侧下发的测量配置中，引入SSB测量时间窗(SS/PBCH Block Measurement Time Configuration，SMTC)这个概念。SMTC在时域上根据一定的周期进行间隔配置(最小周期5ms，最大周期160ms)，其测量窗口保持一个固定的持续时间(最小1ms，最大5ms)。从测量的角度来看，终端只会在SMTC的测量窗口内进行SSB的搜索和测量，并认为SMTC外的SSB是不存在的。网络侧针对每一个SSB测量频点会配置一个SMTC，对于频内测量来说，多个小区需要测量的SSB均包含在这一个SMTC中，由服务小区的网络侧下发给终端。额外的，针对该SSB频点上的个别小区，网络侧还可以配置另一个周期更短的SMTC，但两个SMTC的测量窗长时间需保持一致。
在R17中，NTN被纳入3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project)范围，通过采用NTN覆盖，进一步提升覆盖范围。以卫星为例，由于卫星具有不容易受到自然灾害或外力破坏的影响等优点，目前，正在研究将卫星作为移动通信系统的接入网设备(如基站)，以实现为海洋、森林等一些区域提供通信服务。 与地面基站不同，卫星相对地面移动速度较大且信号传播距离更远，使得卫星作为基站的信号路径损耗更大。当前移动通信系统中针对终端设备与地面基站设计的通信机制无法直接应用于终端设备与卫星基站之间。
相比于地面通信系统，单星覆盖面积更广，传输损耗更大，移动速度更快是卫星通信系统的显著特点。不同于地面系统的最大8个SSB(FR1)或者64个SSB(FR2)波束即可覆盖单个基站服务范围，卫星通信系统需要的SSB波束数量可能达到上百甚至上千个。以轨高600km的卫星通信系统为例，其单颗卫星的服务范围可达几十万平方公里。为克服传输距离带来的路损影响，保证通信服务质量，卫星一般采用大规模天线阵列，以便提供较高的阵列增益，但同时也使得波束主瓣更窄。比如，3dB波宽的覆盖半径仅为十几公里，覆盖面积约几百平方公里，则使用窄波束完成单星服务范围的无缝覆盖就需上千个波束。进一步的，即使对波束进行一定的展宽处理，但为了保证增益水平，也需要上百个波束才能实现覆盖。
在卫星通信系统中，因LEO卫星的移动速度很快，终端会在多颗卫星间进行频繁的切换，所以移动性管理就显得尤为重要。卫星覆盖面积大，波束数量多，卫星过多的SSB波束会使得在移动性管理中，终端SSB的搜索和测量时间被极大地拉长。进一步的，因服务卫星和相邻卫星到达终端的距离各不相同，导致SSB传输到终端的时延也不同，为保证SMTC内可以包含服务卫星和相邻卫星的SSB测量，也需要配置更长的测量窗长时间。但是，过长的SMTC窗长时间会导致终端测量效率的大幅下降，一方面终端持续搜索SSB的功耗开销会明显增加，另一方面，终端测量SSB占用的时频资源开销也将增长，这使得终端的数据传输受到很大的限制。因此，针对卫星通信系统，设计一套高效的基于SSB的移动性管理流程是十分重要的。应当理解，本公开的实施例不限于SSB，也不限制于卫星场景，卫星只是应用场景之一，未来6G演进中也仍然适用。
下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。方法实施例中的具体操作方法、功能描述等也可以应用于装置实施例或系统实施例中。
如上文提到的，NTN通信系统的波束测量仍然存在一些问题需要解决，例如：
-如何设计一种NTN网络的SSB测量方法，应用于本区和邻区测量，实现基于位置的精准测量。现有技术中的测量配置方式，UE侧对SSB的排布图案不感知。通过网络侧配置，缺乏灵活性，测量存在冗余，增加UE测量开销等。
-如何进一步精简和压缩信令，降低SSB测量配置的信令开销。UE侧感知SSB扫描信息后，可以实现更精准的基于位置的测量。但下发网络侧的SSB扫描信息，信令开销过大，如何进一步的精简和压缩信令，降低配置的信令开销是一个需要解决的问题。
有鉴于此，本公开的实施例提供了一种通信方法。该方法包括终端设备从网络设备接收网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围；终端设备在多个波束的空域覆盖范围中确定终端设备所在的波束覆盖范围；以及终端设备基于波束覆盖范围执行无线资源管理测量。
以此方式，终端设备从网络设备接收波束覆盖信息，根据波束覆盖信息去确定自己所属的波束空域覆盖范围，从而实现精准的波束测量。
图1A示出了本公开实施例可实现于其中的通信系统100的一个示意图。如图1A所示，该系统100可以包括终端设备110，网络设备120和网络设备130。在网络设备120的覆盖范围102内，终端设备可以与网络设备120通信。同样地，在网络设备130的覆盖范围103内，终端设备可以与网络设备130通信。从终端设备110到网络设备120方向的链路是上行链路，从网络设备120到终端设备110的链路被称为下行链路。
应当理解的是，在图1A中所示出的终端设备和网络设备的数目仅作为示例。可以存在更多或更少的终端设备和网络设备，本公开对此不做任何限制。
另外，应当理解，通信系统100可以适用于各类场景。例如，通信系统100的应用场景包括但不限于LTE系统、5G系统或新无线(New Radio，NR)以及未来的通信系统，如第六代移动通信系统等。本公开的实施例对此不作限定。此外，也应当理解上述通信可以遵循任意适当通信技术以及相应的通信标准。
图1B示出了与本公开的实施例有关的通信系统100的一个架构示意图。如图1B所示，该通信系统100可以包括至少一个终端(如图1B中的110a-110g)，还可以包括至少一个接入网设备(如图1B中的120a、120b、120c)。接入网设备和接入网设备之间可以通过有线或无线的方式相互连接。图1B只是示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其它网络设备，如还可以包括无线中继设备和无线回传设备等。在NTN网络中，卫星可以实现透明载荷(Transparent Payload)传输或再生载荷(Regenerative Payload)传输。
图1C示出了与本公开的实施例有关的NTN透明载荷传输的示意图。如图1C所示，该通信系统可以包括至少一个用户设备110f，还可以包括至少一个网络设备，如卫星120d、NTN网关120e、基站120f、核心网(Core Network，CN)120g。用户设备110f与地面基站120f通过用户-通用陆地无线接入网络(Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network-User，Uu)接口进行通信，卫星120d可以实现用户设备110f与地面基站120f之间的透明载荷传输，卫星120d与NTN网关120e可以认为是地面基站120f的拉远无线单元(Remote Radio Unit)，实现信号的透明转发，即卫星120d仅支持射频滤波、频率转换和放大等功能，信号波形不变。卫星120d的转发对于用户设备来说是透明的。其中，地面基站120f和核心网120g之间可以通过下一代网络(Next Generation，NG)接口通信，通过NG接口交互核心网的非接入层(Non-Access Stratum，NAS)信令，以及UE的业务数据。
图1D示出了与本公开的实施例有关的NTN再生载荷传输的示意图。如图1D所示，该通信系统可以包括至少一个用户设备110g，还可以包括至少一个网络设备，如卫星120h、NTN网关120i、基站120j、核心网(Core Network，CN)120k。卫星120h具有接入网设备的部分或全部功能，可以称为卫星基站，可以提供无线接入服务，为通过该卫星基站接入网络的终端设备调度无线资源。卫星基站与用户设备110g通过Uu接口进行通信。其中，卫星基站和CN 120k之间可以通过NG接口通信，卫星基站和核心网120k可以通过NG接口交互NAS信令，以及UE的业务数据。卫星无线接口(satellite radio interface，SRI)接口为NTN网关与卫星之间的馈线链路，在图1D中，SRI接口可以作为NG接口的一部分实现卫星120h与核心网120k之间的通信交互。
图2图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的NTN波束测量的交互信令图。为了讨论清楚而不具有任何限制，过程200将结合图1A来进行讨论。
在过程200中，网络设备120确定201该网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围，随后网络设备120向终端设备110发送203波束覆盖信息202。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序，多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域，多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数，多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角，多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，覆盖角度信息可以包括波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度；波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度；和/或波束从网络设备发出时的波束角度或波宽角度，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括与多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。在一些实施例中，波束扫描图案相关的参数可以包括：多个波束的形状信息；多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目，矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目，波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目，波束扫描图案为正方形扫描的情况下正方形边长的波束的数目，起始编号波束的位置信息，多个波束的扫描方式，多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，网络设备120是第一网络设备，波束覆盖信息是第一波束覆盖信息。第一网络设备可以向终端设备110发送205第二网络设备的第二波束覆盖信息204。
如图2所示，终端设备110从网络设备120接收203网络设备120的波束覆盖信息202，其中波束覆盖信息202用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围。
在一些实施例中，终端设备110还可以基于终端设备的位置，与网络设备相关联的卫星星历，终端设备先前确定的先前覆盖终端设备的波束或以上一项或多项来确定波束覆盖范围。
如图2所示，在过程200中，终端设备110在多个波束的空域覆盖范围中确定211终端设备110所在的波束覆盖范围。
在一些实施例中，基于确定参数包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，终端设备110基于波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径确定待测量波束。基于确定参数不包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，终端设备110基于接入过程中所选择的波束确定待测量波束。
在过程200中，终端设备110基于波束覆盖范围执行213无线资源管理测量。在一些实施例中，执行无线资源管理测量包括：基于波束覆盖范围，终端设备110确定覆盖终端设备的覆盖波束211；基于网络设备的波束扫描图案和覆盖波束，终端设备确定至少一个待测量波束；以及基于至少一个待测量波束，执行无线资源管理测量。
如图2所示，网络设备120确定215波束测量时间窗配置206，测量时间窗配置指示由终端设备110执行无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间。随后网络设备120向终端设备110发送217波束测量时间窗配置206。
在一些实施例中，确定至少一个待测量波束包括：终端设备110从网络设备120接收219波束测量时间窗配置206，测量时间窗配置指示网络设备确定的由终端设备执行无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间；以及终端设备110基于网络设备120的波束扫描图案、覆盖波束和波束测量时间窗配置来确定至少一个待测量波束。
在一些实施例中，终端设备110向网络设备120发送221无线资源管理测量的测量结果208。网络设备120从终端设备110接收223无线资源管理测量的测量结果210后，基于测量结果208向终端设备110发送225执行波束切换的指示210。对应地，终端设备110接收227执行波束切换的指示210。
如图2所示，终端设备110基于波束覆盖范围执行229针对网络设备的随机接入。在一些实施例中，执行随机接入包括：终端设备110基于波束覆盖范围确定覆盖终端设备120的覆盖波束；以及终端设备110在与覆盖波束相对应的随机接入时机，向网络设备120发送231随机接入请求212。
在一些实施例中，执行随机接入包括：终端设备确定与波束覆盖范围相对应的多个波束；以及终端设备在与多个波束相对应的多个随机接入时机，向网络设备120发送231随机接入请求212。
在一些实施例中，在发起随机接入请求时，如果覆盖波束失效，终端设备获取235新的覆盖波束。
在一些实施例中，网络设备120从终端设备110接收219随机接入请求206，其中随机接入请求在与波束覆盖范围相对应的一个或多个波束所对应的随机接入时机上被传输。
以此方式，终端设备从网络设备获得波束覆盖信息，从而根据波束覆盖信息去确定自己所属的波束空域覆盖范围，实现精准的无线资源管理测量。
为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开，下面参考图2描述实施例一，应当注意，实施例一中的每部分内容可以单独使用也可以与其他实施例中的部分内容任意组合，仅用于示例性作用，并非用于限制本公开的保护范围。
实施例一
实施例一通过网络设备下发波束覆盖信息，终端设备恢复波束覆盖信息，从而使终端设备可以确定自己所属的波束覆盖范围，实现精准的SSB测量。具体的步骤流程如下：
步骤1：网络设备120通过广播信息下发波束覆盖信息，波束覆盖信息可以包括卫星波束的覆盖区域，也可以包括波束集合的覆盖区域。波束覆盖信息是指网络设备波束覆盖的信息，以SSB波束举例，包括SSB扫描波束的扫描顺序、不同SSB扫描波束覆盖的区域等。图3图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的示例波束覆盖信息的示意图。如图所示，卫星整体覆盖图形为矩形。可选的，每个波束的覆盖面积也为矩形。图4图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的另一示例波束覆盖信息的示意图。如图所示，卫星整体覆盖图形为正方形。可选的，每个波束的覆盖面积也为正方形。应当理解，覆盖图仅作为示例，对覆盖图的长短边不做限定。其中，SSB扫描波束覆盖信息可以以一个SSB波束(一个SSB波束对应一个SSB索引)为粒度，下发每个波束的覆盖信息。
备选地，SSB扫描波束覆盖信息也可以以多个SSB波束为粒度，即以波束集合(一个波束覆盖信息对应多个SSB波束/SSB索引)为粒度。比如图3中所示的8个SSB为一个波束集合组，网络设备120以波束集合为粒度下发一个大的波束覆盖信息。即SSB0-SSB7为一个波束集合，用一个波束覆盖信息表征；SSB8-SSB15为一个波束集合，用一个波束覆盖信息表征。附加地，一个波束集合覆盖信息还可以根据位置区域划分，图5图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的又一示例波束覆盖信息的示意图。如图5所示，以SSB波束{0、1、2、11、12、13、22、23、24}为一个波束集合，SSB波束{3、4、5、14、15、16、25、26、27}为一个波束集合。其中，SSB波束{0、1、2、11、12、13、22、23、24}覆盖范围相邻或者位置区域相邻，SSB波束{3、4、5、14、15、16、25、26、27}覆盖范围相邻或者位置区域相邻。
以上仅为举例，波束覆盖信息也可以是其它波束覆盖信息，不限定于SSB波束。
步骤2：终端设备110接收网络设备120下发的波束覆盖信息可以恢复出当前服务小区的波束覆盖情况，比如终端设备可以恢复出当前小区的各个SSB的覆盖区域图。
网络设备120下发的是每个SSB波束在地面上的覆盖信息，覆盖的地理位置区域等，那终端设备可以直接根据覆盖信息恢复出每个SSB波束的具体覆盖。
备选地，网络设备120下发的是每个波束的权值信息或者是在网络设备120发送出来的波束形状，终 端设备110需要结合卫星星历、终端设备110当前所属的最优SSB(最优SSB索引)进行推算相应波束对应到地面上的覆盖地理位置区域。其中，终端设备110当前所属的最优SSB需要终端设备自己维护，比如终端设备初始接入过程中进行SSB搜索，检测并维护最优SSB，从而确定自己当前所属的最优SSB索引；或者在接入之后进行至少一轮的SSB测量，测一轮SSB扫描周期范围内的SSB，根据测量到的结果选择并维护最优SSB。
进一步的，终端设备110结合自身位置、波束覆盖信息、卫星星历、当前最优SSB等，推算出服务当前位置的准确波束信息，确定当前最优SSB索引，并根据SSB扫描图案确定所需待测量接收波束对应的SSB索引，确定自己所需测量的精确范围，在对应的时频资源进行SSB测量。其中，SSB扫描图案包括SSB波束扫描顺序、波束扫描起点等，比如从0到231按照沿长方形的短边顺序递增扫描。SSB扫描图案就确定了SSB波束在地面上的覆盖顺序。
终端设备110确定SSB测量的精确范围时，可以结合SMTC窗配置，在网络设备配置的SMTC窗范围内确定待测量的SSB索引，在SMTC窗内相应待测量SSB索引对应的时频资源上测量SSB。此时终端设备SSB测量由网络设备触发。可选的，终端设备也可以不限定SMTC窗配置，终端设备可以自行确定自己的待测量SSB索引，自行触发测量。
步骤3：终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备，辅助网络设备进行波束切换。终端设备110根据测量结果，从而使能小区重选或小区切换等后续流程。具体的，终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备后，如果终端设备110当前最优SSB更换，网络设备120后续可以基于更新后的最优SSB确定后续对终端设备110的调度波束；如果终端设备110测量到邻星的SSB信号质量更好，则后续终端设备110根据测到的最优邻星SSB进行后续的小区重选或者小区切换流程。进一步的，可以根据邻星最优SSB启动邻星的初始接入流程，发起随机接入等。
波束覆盖信息可以携带在网络设备发送的广播信息中，例如：系统信息块1(System Information Block1，SIB1)、系统信息块19(System Information Block 19,SIB19)、RRC信令等。
波束覆盖信息可以以SSB索引顺序为列表进行下发，比如：
覆盖信息可以在idle态和连接态的SSB测量中使用，用于确定待测量的精准SSB索引。
可选的，覆盖信息还可以在初始接入过程中使用，用于辅助提升终端设备选择用于发送物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)的接入时机(Random Access Channel Occasion，RO)资源。比如可以解决UE维护的最优SSB不准导致在该SSB对应的RO资源上发送的PRACH无法顺利被网络设备接收的问题。具体的，初始接入过程中，UE接收SSB，选择最优SSB，并根据SSB接收系统信息。终端设备从接收到的系统信息获取小区和/或邻区的波束覆盖信息。终端设备根据波束覆盖信息可以恢复出SSB扫描图案及SSB波束覆盖的区域，结合自身位置和星历信息，UE可以更精准的知道自己所处的SSB波束范围。从而可以辅助选择发送上行随机接入的RO资源，提升初始接入性能。
举例来说，如图6所示，在初始接入过程中，UE处在SSB#15和SSB#26边缘，UE可能测到的最优SSB是SSB#26。但是随着卫星移动，UE需要进行随机接入发送的时候最优SSB覆盖应该是SSB#15。如果UE没有获取波束覆盖信息，则会在SSB#26对应的RO资源上进行上行随机接入请求，由于实际服务的是SSB#15，从而导致接入失败。可选的，终端设备结合波束覆盖信息，根据卫星星历、自己当前的GNSS位置可以知道当前服务的SSB波束为SSB#15，从而更换选择的用于发送PRACH的RO资源，可以在SSB#15对应的RO资源上进行PRACH发送，从而保障了UE的随机接入过程。
可选的，UE根据波束覆盖信息确认自己所属的SSB波束范围后，还可以在多个SSB对应的RO资源上发送随机接入请求，进一步提升接入性能。举例来说，UE可以根据SSB扫描图案确定自己所属的SSB波束范围包括{SSB#3,SSB#4,SSB#5,SSB#14,SSB#15,SSB#16,SSB#25,SSB#26,SSB#27}，UE可以在多个SSB波束对应的RO资源上发送PRACH，提升接入性能。
可选的，定义SSB有效时间T(有效期T)，即规定UE选择的RO离SSB的有效时间要小于等于T。UE测量出的最优SSB和UE用于发PRACH的RO要满足有效期T的约束，如果超过有效期，需要继续去测量和维护最优SSB，从而提高UE接入成功率。有效时间的约束避免了由于最优SSB更换而导致UE 选择用于发送PRACH的RO错误，在该RO上发送的PRACH无法被网络设备成功接收，从而带来的接入失败。
可选的，本实施例的方案同样可以应用于邻星测量。
可选的，网络设备可以下发邻星的波束覆盖信息，具体的下发方式和信令承载可以和本星下发的波束覆盖信息相同。
进一步的，可以考虑邻星波束覆盖信息的简化，比如新增1个比特BeamCoverageSame用于指示本星和邻星的波束覆盖信息是否相同，如果相同则为1，不同为0。
本实施例通过网络设备下发波束覆盖信息，终端设备恢复波束覆盖信息，从而使终端设备可以确定自己所属的波束覆盖范围，实现精准的SSB测量。
为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开，下面参考图2描述实施例二，应当注意，实施例二中的每部分内容可以单独使用也可以与其他实施例中的部分内容任意组合，仅用于示例性作用，并非用于限制本公开的保护范围。
实施例二
本实施例在实施例一的基础上进一步定义网络设备下发波束覆盖信息的具体形式。本实施例通过网络设备下发波束覆盖半径R或直径D、波束中心点C(x,y)等参数用于表征波束覆盖信息，使能终端设备根据下发参数，获得波束覆盖信息。
本实施例和实施例三的步骤流程和实施例一相同，实施例一中的应用场景和扩展补充均适用于实施例二和三，实施例二和三仅在扩展具体的波束覆盖信息承载的参量。
步骤1：网络设备120通过广播信息下发波束的半径R或直径D，中心点C
步骤2：终端设备110基于R或D，C确定波束覆盖信息(波束覆盖面积)，并根据自身位置、卫星星历，推算出服务当前位置的准确波束信息，确定服务的SSB波束和/或待测量SSB波束，在相应的时频资源进行SSB测量。可选的，可以在SMTC窗配置的测量窗内的相应的时频资源进行精准的SSB测量。
步骤3：终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备，辅助网络设备进行波束切换。终端设备110根据测量结果，从而使能小区重选或小区切换等后续流程。具体的，终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备120后，如果终端设备110当前最优SSB更换，网络设备120后续可以基于更新后的最优SSB确定后续对终端设备110的调度波束；如果终端设备110测量到邻星的SSB信号质量更好，则后续终端设备110根据测到的最优邻星SSB进行后续的小区重选或者小区切换流程。进一步的，可以根据邻星最优SSB启动邻星的初始接入流程，发起随机接入等。
波束中心点是指波束中心方向投影到地面上的位置。图7图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的波束投影的示意图。如图7所示，波束中心角θ是指波束中心点与垂直地面的夹角为θ。从波束中心点(信号的参考信号接收功率最强的点)开始，根据增益降低x dB的点(比如A、B点)确定波束宽度，波宽角度为[θ+α1,θ-α2]。x dB可以根据实际情况定义，常用的可以为3dB，即从波束中心点开始根据增益降低3dB的点确定波束宽度或者波束覆盖范围。
可选的，网络设备下发的波束半径R或直径D、中心点C可以是以地面为参考，直接指示这个波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖信息。可选的，网络设备下发的波束覆盖半径R或直径D、中心点C可以是网络设备发出投影到参考点高度h的波束覆盖信息，终端设备需要根据参考点高度h、覆盖信息及卫星位置、终端设备位置等去推算该波束投影到地面的波束覆盖面积。
可选的，本实施例下发波束半径R或直径D、中心点C的方式可以应用于地面固定(Earth Fixed)场景，图8图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的可以实现于其中的地面固定场景的示意图。如图8所示，地面固定场景是指地面固定，也就是随着卫星的移动，覆盖地面相同区域的波束编号不变，相应的，波束权值会变化。
较现有技术，本实施例主要在实施例一的基础上进一步定义网络设备下发波束覆盖信息的具体形式。本实施例通过网络设备下发波束覆盖半径R或直径D、波束中心点C(x,y)等参数用于表征波束覆盖信息，使能终端设备根据下发参数，获得波束覆盖信息。
为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开，下面参考图2描述实施例三，应当注意，实施例三中的每部分内容可以单独使用也可以与其他实施例中的部分内容任意组合，仅用于示例性作用，并非用于限制本公开的保护范围。
实施例三
本实施例和实施例二都是基于实施例一的波束覆盖信息的进一步细化。本实施例通过网络设备下发波束覆盖角度信息用于表征波束覆盖信息，使能终端设备根据下发参数，获得波束覆盖信息。
本实施例和实施例二的步骤流程和实施例一相同，实施例一中的应用场景和扩展补充均适用于实施例二和三，实施例二和三仅在扩展具体的波束覆盖信息承载的参量。
步骤1：网络设备120通过广播信息下发波束覆盖角度信息
步骤2：终端设备110基于角度信息和卫星星历确定波束覆盖信息(波束覆盖面积)，并根据自身位置推算出服务当前位置的准确波束信息，确定服务的SSB波束和/或待测量的波束，并在相应的时频资源位置进行SSB测量。可选的，确定待测量SSB波束后，可以在SMTC窗配置的测量窗内的相应的时频资源进行精准的SSB测量。
步骤3：终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备120，辅助网络设备120进行波束切换。终端设备110根据测量结果，从而使能小区重选或小区切换等后续流程。具体的，终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备120后，如果终端设备110当前最优SSB更换，网络设备后续可以基于更新后的最优SSB确定后续对终端设备110的调度波束；如果终端设备110测量到邻星的SSB信号质量更好，则后续终端设备110根据测到的最优邻星SSB进行后续的小区重选或者小区切换流程。进一步的，可以根据邻星最优SSB启动邻星的初始接入流程，发起随机接入等。
可选的，本实施例下发波束覆盖角度信息的方式可以应用于地面移动(Earth Moving)场景，地面移动场景是指卫星移动，也就是随着卫星的移动，覆盖地面相同区域的波束编号变化，相应的，网络设备的波束权值不变。图9图示了根据本公开的一些实施例的可以实现于其中的地面移动场景的示意图。
可选的，网络设备下发的波束覆盖角度可以是以地面为参考，直接指示这个波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度，比如为α0、α1、α2，如图9所示。
可选的，网络设备下发的波束覆盖角度可以是网络设备发出投影到参考点高度h的波束覆盖角度α0、α1、α2。终端设备需要根据参考点高度h、覆盖信息及卫星位置、终端设备位置等去推算该波束投影到地面的波束覆盖面积。
可选的，网络设备下发的波束覆盖角度可以是从网络设备发出的波束角度β1、β2。终端设备需要根据波束覆盖角度信息、卫星位置、终端设备位置等去推算该波束投影到地面的波束覆盖面积。
本实施例通过波束覆盖角度信息表征波束覆盖信息，终端设备根据下发信息可以获得波束覆盖信息，从而可以结合卫星星历和自身位置确定待测量波束，进行精准的SSB测量。
为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开，下面参考图2描述实施例四，应当注意，实施例四中的每部分内容可以单独使用也可以与其他实施例中的部分内容任意组合，仅用于示例性作用，并非用于限制本公开的保护范围。
实施例四
本实施例是在实施例一二三的基础上，进一步考虑如何结合波束扫描图案，节省广播信息的信令开销。
本实施例中，波束扫描图案是有限数量和/或预定义的。由于波束扫描图案可以是不同形状，圆形、矩形、正方形、椭圆形、不规则形状等等。在结合波束扫描图案来降低广播信令开销时，需要预定义或指示具体的波束覆盖形状。
可选的，以长方形的波束覆盖形状为例。如图10所示，卫星整体覆盖图形为矩形。可选的，每个波束的覆盖面积也为矩形。
结合图中所示的扫描图案，可选的，网络设备120可以下发长边波束数X(X＝22)、长边波束半径R1、短边波束数Y(Y＝11)、短边波束半径R2。
可选的，网络设备120可以下发波束扫描方式，比如预定义扫描方式列表为{沿长边开始、沿短边开始}和/或{顺序编号、蛇形编号}，并通过比特指示其中的某一种方式。举例来说，“沿长边开始”表示波束/SSB索引从长边开始数数/编号。“沿短边开始”表示波束/SSB索引从短边开始编号，如图10所示，沿短边从0-10编号。“顺序编号”表示每一列(与沿短边开始结合)/行(与沿长边开始结合)的波束编号最小值都在相同的方向，比如每一列的最小值0、11、22、33、44、66、77、88、99、110、121、132、143、154、165、176、187、198、209、220、231都在波束覆盖范围的下边缘，从覆盖面积的下边缘到上边缘按照波束编号从小到大排列。“蛇形编号”表示每一列(与沿短边开始结合)/行(与沿长边开始结合)的波束编号是连续的，比如第一列从下到上为0-10，第二列按照从下到上为21-11(即从上到下为11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21)。
可选的，以正方形的波束覆盖形状为例。如图11所示，卫星整体覆盖图形为正方形。可选的，每个波束的覆盖面积也为正方形。长边或短边可以是任一边。波束扫描图案为正方形扫描的情况下正方形边长的波束的数目
可选的，网络设备120可以下发边长波束数M、波束半径R3。如图中所示的M＝16，实际的M取值不做限定。
可选的，网络设备120可以下发波束扫描方式，比如预定义扫描方式列表为{沿长边开始、沿短边开始}和/或{顺序编号、蛇形编号}，并通过比特指示其中的某一种方式。举例来说，“沿长边开始”表示波束/SSB索引从长边开始数数/编号。“沿短边开始”表示波束/SSB索引从短边开始编号，长边和短边可以是任一边。如图11所示，沿一条边从0-15编号。“顺序编号”表示每一列/行的波束编号最小值都在相同的方向，比如每一列的最小值0、16、32、48、64、80、96、112、128、144、160、176、192、208、224、240都在波束覆盖范围的下边缘，从覆盖面积的下边缘到上边缘按照波束编号从小到大排列。“蛇形编号”表示每一列/行的波束编号是连续的，比如第一列从下到上为0-15，第二列按照从下到上为31-16(即从上到下为16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31)。
可选的，网络设备120下发波束编号0的起始位置，比如SSB#0的位置，可以用相较于星下点的偏移表示。波束编号0的起始位置可以是具体的位置也可以是相对位置，比如矩形图案的左下角、左上角、右上角、右下角。
步骤1：网络设备120根据波束扫描图案下发相关参数。可选的，以矩形覆盖为例，相关参数至少包括长边波束数X、短边波束数Y、SSB#0的位置、扫描方式(沿长边或者短边和/或顺序编号或者蛇形编号)中的一项或多项。另外，根据是否包含波束半径有以下方式：
·方式一：下发参数包含波束半径，则终端设备110可以完整恢复覆盖情况，根据当前所在SSB波束范围，推导待测量SSB，更精准。
·方式二：下发参数不包含波束半径，则终端设备110可以根据接入过程中选择的SSB作为锚点，推导周围的SSB索引，进行SSB测量。
步骤2：终端设备110根据下发信息，确定需要测量周围多少波束，e.g.，1圈，2圈等.
步骤3：终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备120，辅助网络设备120进行波束切换。终端设备110根据测量结果，从而使能小区重选或小区切换等后续流程。具体的，终端设备110将测量结果上报网络设备后，如果终端设备110当前最优SSB更换，网络设备120后续可以基于更新后的最优SSB确定后续对终端设备110的调度波束；如果终端设备110测量到邻星的SSB信号质量更好，则后续终端设备110根据测到的最优邻星SSB进行后续的小区重选或者小区切换流程。进一步的，可以根据邻星最优SSB启动邻星的初始接入流程，发起随机接入等
可选的，不同的扫描图案需要下发的表征参数不同。矩形扫描可以用长边波数数量X、短边波束数量Y，长边波束半径R1、短边波束半径R2等；而圆形扫描则可以为每圈波束数量Z；正方形扫描则可以为边长波束数量M。
本实施例通过结合波束扫描图案，节省广播信息的信令开销，从而使能低开销的波束覆盖信息下发，降低实现开销。
为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开，下面参考图2描述实施例五，应当注意，实施例五中的每部分内容可以单独使用也可以与其他实施例中的部分内容任意组合，仅用于示例性作用，并非用于限制本公开的保护范围。
实施例五
本实施例和实施例四都是在实施例一二三的基础上，考虑如何节省广播信令的开销。
本实施例在实施例四的基础上进一步考虑波束之间的相关性，来降低广播信令的开销。具体的，可以有以下方案：
方案一：网络设备120根据扫描图案，判断SSB波束的渐变或跳变方式，用于指示波束覆盖信息。定义了两种不同的方式，渐变方式是指相邻波束之间的波束权值具有相似度，仅需下发相对信息，不需要下发全部的信息。比如SSB索引0-7之间的波束是渐变的，仅需下发相对信息，比如只在0-7的波束上下发一个基础中心点位置a和偏移值系数b，最终波束中心点恢复为beam＝f(x)＝a+bx。其中a可以为基底波束，偏移值b可以为变化量特征。
跳变方式是指相邻波束之间是不连续的，波束编号是突变的，不是顺序的时候，需要考虑下发绝对信 息。相邻波束编号的波束对应的覆盖区域不相邻时，需要下发绝对信息。比如针对SSB索引10和11之间的波束覆盖是跳变的，此时的波束覆盖信息则需要下发绝对信息。
方案二：通过波束相似度，压缩波束覆盖信息所需占用的比特数
具体的，方式1：考虑波束相似度，通过波束1和特征参数去表征多个波束的波束信息。
可选的，方式2：网络设备用人工智能(Artificial Intelligence，AI)做特征量压缩和提取，终端设备恢复出压缩前的波束信息。
本实施例通过结合扫描图案和相邻波束相关性，利用相邻波束的相关性进一步简化波束覆盖信息所需的比特数，节省信令开销，从而使能低开销的波束覆盖信息下发，降低实现开销。较现有技术来说，首先网络设备会下发波束覆盖信息，其次在下发波束覆盖信息的时候，结合了波束扫描图案和波束相关性，细化定义了结合相邻波束相关性简化波束覆盖信息的下发参量，比如用基波束和变化量表征表示相邻波束；比如用绝对信息表示跳变波束。除此之外，还可以利用AI等神经网络/机器学习算法抽取波束覆盖信息的特征量，并表征和恢复。
图12图示了根据本公开的实施例的在终端设备处实现的方法1200的示意流程图。为了讨论清楚而不具有任何限制，过程1200将结合图1A来进行讨论。在一种可能的实现方式中，方法1200可以由通信系统100中的终端设备110来实现。在其他可能的实现方式中，方法1200也可以由独立于通信系统100的其他通信设备来实现。作为示例，在下文中将以由通信系统100中的终端设备110来实现为例来描述方法1200。
在框1210，终端设备110从网络设备接收网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围。在框1220，终端设备110在多个波束的空域覆盖范围中确定终端设备110所在的波束覆盖范围。在框1230，终端设备110基于波束覆盖范围执行无线资源管理测量。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括：多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序，多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域，多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数，多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括：多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角，多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息。在一些实施例中，覆盖半径或覆盖直径和中心点和/或波束中心角可以是以地面或位于预定高度的参考面为参考而被确定的。
在一些实施例中，覆盖角度信息可以包括：波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度，波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度，波束从网络设备发出时的波束角度，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，为了确定波束覆盖范围，终端设备可以基于：终端设备的位置；与网络设备相关联的卫星星历；或终端设备先前确定的先前覆盖终端设备的波束，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，执行无线资源管理测量可以包括：基于波束覆盖范围，终端设备确定覆盖终端设备的覆盖波束；基于网络设备的波束扫描图案和覆盖波束，终端设备确定至少一个待测量波束；以及基于至少一个待测量波束，执行无线资源管理测量。
在一些实施例中，确定至少一个待测量波束可以包括：终端设备从网络设备接收波束测量时间窗配置，测量时间窗配置指示网络设备确定的由终端设备执行无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间；以及终端设备基于网络设备的波束扫描图案、覆盖波束和波束测量时间窗配置来确定至少一个待测量波束。
在一些实施例中，网络设备可以是第一网络设备120，波束覆盖信息可以是第一波束覆盖信息，方法还包括：终端设备从第一网络设备接收第二网络设备130的第二波束覆盖信息。在一些实施例中，第二波束覆盖信息可以包括指示信息，指示信息用于指示第二波束覆盖信息是否与第一波束覆盖信息相同。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括与多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。在一些实施例中，参数可以包括：多个波束的形状信息，多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目，矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目，波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目，起始编号波束的位置信息，多个波束的扫描方式，多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，基于确定参数包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，终端设备基于波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径确定待测量波束。基于确定参数不包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，终端设备基于接入过程中所选择的波束确定待测量波束。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括：用于指示多个波束中的波束之间的变化是否是渐变方式的指示信息，其中渐变方式指示波束编号相邻，地理位置位置相邻的波束之间的变化，在渐变方式下，多个 波束中的第二波束以相对于第一波束的中心点偏移信息来表示。在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以是基于多个波束中的波束之间的数学互相关性被压缩过的。
在一些实施例中，终端设备可以向网络设备发送无线资源管理测量的测量结果。在一些实施例中，终端设备可以基于波束覆盖范围执行针对网络设备的随机接入。
在一些实施例中，执行随机接入可以包括：终端设备基于波束覆盖范围确定覆盖终端设备的覆盖波束；以及终端设备在与覆盖波束相对应的随机接入时机，向网络设备发送随机接入请求。在一些实施例中，执行随机接入可以包括：终端设备确定与波束覆盖范围相对应的多个波束；以及终端设备在与多个波束相对应的多个随机接入时机，向网络设备发送随机接入请求。在一些实施例中，在发起随机接入请求时，如果覆盖波束失效，终端设备可以获取新的覆盖波束。
以此方式，针对NTN网络设计了一种波束测量方法，用于本区和邻区测量，实现基于位置的精准测量。此外，信令被进一步精简和压缩，降低了波束测量配置的信令开销。
图13图示了根据本公开的实施例的在网络设备120处实现的方法1300的示意流程图。为了讨论清楚而不具有任何限制，过程1300将结合图1A来进行讨论。在一种可能的实现方式中，方法1300可以由通信系统100中的网络设备120来实现。在其他可能的实现方式中，方法1300也可以由独立于通信系统100的其他通信设备来实现。作为示例，在下文中将以由通信系统100中的网络设备120来实现为例来描述方法1300。
在框1310，网络设备120确定网络设备120的波束覆盖信息，其中波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围。在框1320，网络设备120向终端设备110发送波束覆盖信息。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息包括以下中的一项或者多项：多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序；多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域；多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数；或多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括：多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角，多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息，或以上一项或多项。在一些实施例中，覆盖半径或覆盖直径和中心点和/或波束中心角是以地面或位于预定高度的参考面为参考而被确定的。
在一些实施例中，覆盖角度信息包括：波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度，波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度，波束从网络设备发出时的波束角度，或以上一项或多项。在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以以多个波束中一个波束为粒度或以多个波束中至少两个波束为粒度排列。
在一些实施例中，网络设备可以确定波束测量时间窗配置，测量时间窗配置指示由终端设备执行无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间。此外，网络设备可以向终端设备发送波束测量时间窗配置。
在一些实施例中，网络设备可以是第一网络设备120，波束覆盖信息是第一波束覆盖信息。第一网络设备可以向终端设备发送第二网络设备130的第二波束覆盖信息。在一些实施例中，第二波束覆盖信息可以包括指示信息，指示信息用于指示第二波束覆盖信息是否与第一波束覆盖信息。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括与多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。在一些实施例中，参数包括：多个波束的形状信息，多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目，矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目，波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目，起始编号波束的位置信息，多个波束的扫描方式，多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，或以上一项或多项。
在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以包括：用于指示多个波束中的波束之间的变化是否是渐变方式的指示信息，其中渐变方式指示波束编号相邻，地理位置位置相邻的波束之间的变化，在渐变方式下，多个波束中的第二波束以相对于第一波束的中心点偏移信息来表示。在一些实施例中，波束覆盖信息可以是基于多个波束中的波束之间的数学相关性被压缩过的。
在一些实施例中，网络设备可以从终端设备接收无线资源管理测量的测量结果，并且网络设备可以基于测量结果向终端设备发送执行波束切换的指示。
在一些实施例中，网络设备可以从终端设备接收随机接入请求，其中随机接入请求在与波束覆盖范围相对应的一个或多个波束所对应的随机接入时机上被传输。
以此方式，针对NTN网络设计了一种波束测量方法，用于本区和邻区测量，实现基于位置的精准测量。此外，信令被进一步精简和压缩，降低了波束测量配置的信令开销。
图14为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以实现上述方法实施例中终端装置或网络装置的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请实施例中， 该通信装置可以是如图1所示的终端设备110、网络设备120或网络设备130，还可以是应用于终端设备110、网络设备120或网络设备130的模块(如芯片)。
如图14所示，通信装置1400包括处理单元1410、接收单元1420、发送单元1430。通信装置可用于实现上述图2、图12或图13所示的方法实施例中终端装置或网络装置的功能。在一些实施例中，处理单元可以为处理器，发送单元可以为发送器，接收单元可以为接收器。
如图15所示，通信装置1500包括处理器1510和接口电路1520。处理器1510和接口电路1520之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路1520可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置1500还可以包括存储器1530，用于存储处理器1510执行的指令或存储处理器1510运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器1510运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置1500用于实现上述方法实施例中的方法时，处理器1510用于执行上述处理单元1410的功能，接口电路1520用于执行上述接收单元1420、发送单元1430的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130的芯片时，该设备芯片实现上述方法实施例中终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130的功能。该设备芯片从终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息可以是其他终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130发送的；或者，该终端设备芯片向终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是发送给其他终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统。该通信系统可以包括上述的图14所示的实施例所涉及的通信装置，如终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130。可选的，该通信系统中的终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130可执行图2、图12、图13中任一所示的通信方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种电路，该电路可与存储器耦合，可用于执行上述方法实施例中任一所示的实施例中与终端设备110、网络设备120、网络设备130相关的流程。该芯片系统可包括该芯片，还可存储器或收发器等其他组件。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是CPU，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(doubledata rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的模块及算法步骤，能够 以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的通信方法和装置，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，该模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
该作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为模块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理模块，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个模块单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。
该功能如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例该方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的计算机可读存储介质，可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以此为例但不限于：计算机可读介质可以包括随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read only memory，EEPROM)、紧凑型光盘只读存储器(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)、通用串行总线闪存盘(universal serial bus flash disk)、移动硬盘、或其他光盘存储、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质。
如本文所使用的，术语“包括”及其类似用语应当理解为开放性包含，即“包括但不限于”。术语“基于”应当理解为“至少部分地基于”。术语“一个实施例”或“该实施例”应当理解为“至少一个实施例”。术语“第一”、“第二”等等可以指代不同的或相同的对象，并且仅用于区分所指代的对象，而不暗示所指代的对象的特定空间顺序、时间顺序、重要性顺序，等等。在一些实施例中，取值、过程、所选择的项目、所确定的项目、设备、装置、手段、部件、组件等被称为“最佳”、“最低”、“最高”、“最小”、“最大”，等等。应当理解，这样的描述旨在指示可以在许多可使用的功能选择中进行选择，并且这样的选择不需要在另外的方面或所有方面比其他选择更好、更低、更高、更小、更大或者以其他方式优选。如本文所使用的，术语“确定”可以涵盖各种各样的动作。例如，“确定”可以包括运算、计算、处理、导出、调查、查找(例如，在表格、数据库或另一数据结构中查找)、查明等。此外，“确定”可以包括接收(例如，接收信息)、访问(例如，访问存储器中的数据)等。再者，“确定”可以包括解析、选择、选取、建立等。
以上所示，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请实施例的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请实施例的保护范围之内。因此，本申请实施例的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种通信方法，包括：
    终端设备从网络设备接收所述网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中所述波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围；
    所述终端设备在所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围中确定所述终端设备所在的波束覆盖范围；以及
    所述终端设备基于所述波束覆盖范围执行无线资源管理测量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序；
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域；
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数；或
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：
    所述多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径；
    所述多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角；或
    所述多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中所述覆盖角度信息包括以下至少一项：
    所述波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度；
    所述波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度；或
    所述波束从所述网络设备发出时的波束角度或波宽角度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述终端设备还基于以下至少一项来确定所述波束覆盖范围：
    所述终端设备的位置；
    与所述网络设备相关联的卫星星历；或
    所述终端设备先前确定的先前覆盖所述终端设备的波束。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中执行所述无线资源管理测量包括：
    基于所述波束覆盖范围，所述终端设备确定覆盖所述终端设备的覆盖波束；
    基于所述网络设备的波束扫描图案和所述覆盖波束，所述终端设备确定至少一个待测量波束；以及
    基于所述至少一个待测量波束，执行所述无线资源管理测量。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中确定所述至少一个待测量波束包括：
    所述终端设备从所述网络设备接收波束测量时间窗配置，所述测量时间窗配置指示所述网络设备确定的由所述终端设备执行所述无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间；以及
    所述终端设备基于所述网络设备的波束扫描图案、所述覆盖波束和所述波束测量时间窗配置来确定所述至少一个待测量波束。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述网络设备是第一网络设备，所述波束覆盖信息是第一波束覆盖信息，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备从所述第一网络设备接收第二网络设备的第二波束覆盖信息。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述波束覆盖信息包括与所述多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中所述参数包括以下至少一项：
    所述多个波束的形状信息；
    所述多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目；
    所述矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目；
    所述波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目；
    起始编号波束的位置信息；
    所述多个波束的扫描方式；或
    所述多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，还包括以下至少一项：
    基于确定所述参数包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，所述终端设备基于所述波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直 径确定待测量波束；或
    基于确定所述参数不包括波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径，所述终端设备基于接入过程中所选择的波束确定所述待测量波束。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    所述终端设备向所述网络设备发送所述无线资源管理测量的测量结果。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    所述终端设备基于所述波束覆盖范围执行针对所述网络设备的随机接入。
  14. 根据权利13所述的方法，其中执行所述随机接入包括：
    所述终端设备基于所述波束覆盖范围确定覆盖所述终端设备的覆盖波束；以及
    所述终端设备在与所述覆盖波束相对应的随机接入时机，向所述网络设备发送随机接入请求。
  15. 根据权利13所述的方法，其中执行所述随机接入包括：
    所述终端设备确定与所述波束覆盖范围相对应的多个波束；以及
    所述终端设备在与所述多个波束相对应的多个随机接入时机，向所述网络设备发送随机接入请求。
  16. 根据权利14所述的方法，还包括：
    在发起所述随机接入请求时，如果所述覆盖波束失效，所述终端设备获取新的覆盖波束。
  17. 一种通信方法，包括：
    网络设备确定所述网络设备的波束覆盖信息，其中所述波束覆盖信息用于确定多个波束的空域覆盖范围；以及
    所述网络设备向终端设备发送所述波束覆盖信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的扫描顺序；
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的覆盖地理区域；
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的空域滤波参数；或
    所述多个波束的空域覆盖范围的形状信息。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述波束覆盖信息包括以下至少一项：
    所述多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径；
    所述多个波束中的波束的中心点和/或波束中心角；或
    所述多个波束中的波束的覆盖角度信息。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中所述覆盖角度信息包括以下至少一项：
    所述波束在地面上投影的波束覆盖角度；
    所述波束投影到位于预定高度的参考面的波束覆盖角度；或
    所述波束从所述网络设备发出时的波束角度或波宽角度。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，还包括：
    所述网络设备确定波束测量时间窗配置，所述测量时间窗配置指示由所述终端设备执行所述无线资源管理测量的测量周期和持续时间；以及
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送所述波束测量时间窗配置。
  22. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述网络设备是第一网络设备，所述波束覆盖信息是第一波束覆盖信息，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网络设备向所述终端设备发送第二网络设备的第二波束覆盖信息。
  23. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其中所述波束覆盖信息包括与所述多个波束的波束扫描图案相关的参数。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的方法，其中所述参数包括以下至少一项：
    所述多个波束的形状信息；
    所述多个波束的矩形覆盖区域的长边波束的数目；
    所述矩形覆盖区域的短边波束的数目；
    所述波束扫描图案为圆形扫描的情况下每圈波束的数目；
    起始编号波束的位置信息；
    所述多个波束的扫描方式；或
    所述多个波束中的波束的覆盖半径或覆盖直径。
  25. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，还包括：
    所述网络设备从所述终端设备接收无线资源管理测量的测量结果；以及
    所述网络设备基于所述测量结果向所述终端设备发送执行波束切换的指示。
  26. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，还包括：
    所述网络设备从所述终端设备接收随机接入请求，其中所述随机接入请求在与所述波束覆盖范围相对应的一个或多个波束所对应的随机接入时机上被传输。
  27. 一种通信装置，包括：处理器、以及存储有指令的存储器，所述指令在被所述处理器执行时，使得所述通信装置执行根据权利要求1至16中任一项或者根据权利要求17至26中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理电路，所述处理电路被配置为执行根据权利要求1至16中任一项或者根据权利要求17至26中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有指令，所述指令在被通信设备执行时，使得所述通信设备执行根据权利要求1至16中任一项或者根据权利要求17至26中任一项所述的方法。
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