WO2024207885A1 - 车辆及其电力系统 - Google Patents

车辆及其电力系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024207885A1
WO2024207885A1 PCT/CN2024/075586 CN2024075586W WO2024207885A1 WO 2024207885 A1 WO2024207885 A1 WO 2024207885A1 CN 2024075586 W CN2024075586 W CN 2024075586W WO 2024207885 A1 WO2024207885 A1 WO 2024207885A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
fuse
fuse box
voltage
power
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2024/075586
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王栋
唐莉
陈伟
吕婷婷
邓先攀
王淼
王鹏翔
周大永
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Geely Automobile Research Institute Ningbo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Geely Automobile Research Institute Ningbo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd, Geely Automobile Research Institute Ningbo Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Priority to EP24783970.7A priority Critical patent/EP4653237A4/en
Publication of WO2024207885A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024207885A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H2085/2075—Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout
    • H01H2085/208—Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout specially adapted for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of vehicle technology, and in particular, to, but is not limited to, a power system of a vehicle and a vehicle.
  • Automobile collisions are usually divided into frontal/side/rear collisions, rollovers, and pedestrian collisions. After a collision occurs, certain functions of the vehicle must be available to help rescuers rescue injured people and identify and find vehicles in advance after the accident.
  • the national mandatory standards focus on the doors in terms of post-collision functions. Under standard frontal and side collision conditions, the national standards require that the doors can be opened, but there are no clear requirements for other collision functions. Therefore, most models on the market focus on how to ensure that the doors can be opened, and do not pay attention to other functions that can help rescue after a collision.
  • the wiring harness layout usually adopts the principle of proximity, that is, based on the convenience of wiring harness layout, the power supply wiring harnesses and fuses of some functional devices that are close to each other are placed together. This arrangement results in a long wiring harness for the whole vehicle, which is arranged in various positions of the whole vehicle. In a collision, it is inevitable that the wiring harness will be deformed and cut by the body sheet metal. The grounding of the wiring harness cutting will cause the fuse to blow, resulting in a drop in the power supply voltage of the whole vehicle. The more fuses that blow, the longer the voltage drop time and the greater the voltage drop, and even the voltage drops to 0V, which causes the functions that need attention after the collision to fail to work, affecting the rescue work after the collision.
  • the main purpose of the disclosed embodiment is to provide a vehicle power system that brings together fuses for functions that require attention after a collision, thereby avoiding the failure of functions that require attention after a collision to work due to power supply problems, thereby affecting rescue work after the collision.
  • a vehicle power system includes a first fuse box, wherein a plurality of first fuses are arranged in the first fuse box, and the plurality of first fuses are arranged to be connected to at least two of the vehicle's headlights, rear lights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, brake systems, vehicle gateway modules, central controllers, collision controllers, and battery management systems.
  • One-to-one electrical connection One-to-one electrical connection.
  • a vehicle comprises the above-mentioned vehicle power system.
  • the power system of the vehicle of the disclosed embodiment identifies and classifies the functions that are of concern to collision rescue.
  • the fuses of the functional components that are of concern after a collision such as: headlights, taillights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, braking systems, on-board gateway modules, central controllers, collision controllers, and battery management systems
  • these functional components that are of concern after a collision also use separate first fuses respectively, thereby avoiding the impact of a certain first fuse on the operation of multiple functional components, thereby improving the safety level of the vehicle.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power system of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the working principle of a vehicle according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the working principle of a second power-off switch according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the working principle of a pyrotechnic power disconnect switch according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the basic power supply method is to use the wiring harness from the positive pole of the battery to the controller used for a certain function, and then from the wiring harness to the negative pole of the battery.
  • the fuse When the wiring harness power supply is abnormal, the fuse will fail, the entire power supply line will be open, and the function will fail.
  • all functional electrical appliances on the whole vehicle are powered by a 12v battery in parallel circuit.
  • a certain wiring harness or a group of wiring harnesses are deformed and squeezed by the body sheet metal or chassis in the collision deformation area, resulting in damage to the wiring harness, causing voltage drop or fuse failure.
  • the power supply logic is not classified, and it is not possible to identify which functions can be disabled and which functions cannot be disabled after a collision. Instead, the power supply harnesses and fuses of some functions are placed in a convenient layout based on the principle of proximity. This results in the failure of the functions concerned by the collision and rescue, such as unlocking, emergency call, gateway, double flash lights, wiper system, etc., after a collision occurs, resulting in the vehicle being unable to provide sufficient support to subsequent vehicles and rescue personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the probability of failure of the functions concerned after a collision as much as possible in the power supply strategy, which is also a way to reduce the damage to drivers and passengers.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power system for a vehicle, including a first fuse box, in which a plurality of first fuses are arranged, and the plurality of first fuses are arranged to be electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two of the vehicle's headlights, taillights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, braking systems, on-board gateway modules, central controllers, collision controllers, and battery management systems.
  • a plurality of first fuses are arranged in the first fuse box, and the plurality of first fuses are connected to the vehicle's headlights, rear lights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, brake systems, vehicle gateway modules VGM (Vehicle Gateway Module), central controller CEM (Central Electronic Module), collision controller ACU (Airbag Contorl Unit), battery management system BMS (battery management system) and other functional devices that need attention after the collision.
  • VGM Vehicle Gateway Module
  • central controller CEM Central Electronic Module
  • collision controller ACU Airbag Contorl Unit
  • BMS battery management system
  • At least two of the functional components that need attention after a collision such as the headlights, taillights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, braking systems, vehicle gateway modules VGM, central controllers CEM, collision controllers ACU, and battery management systems BMS, are electrically connected in one-to-one correspondence, that is, multiple first fuses are connected in series in a circuit in which at least two of the functional components that need attention after a collision, such as the headlights, taillights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, braking systems, vehicle gateway modules VGM, central controllers CEM, collision controllers ACU, and battery management systems BMS, are located, so that the power supply safety of the functional components that need attention after a collision, such as the headlights, taillights, door lock modules, wiper modules, steering systems, braking systems, vehicle gateway modules VGM, central controllers CEM, collision controllers ACU, and battery management systems BMS, is ensured by the first fuses.
  • the vehicle's headlights and taillights can work to facilitate identification of the colliding vehicle; the vehicle's door lock module can control the locking and unlocking of the vehicle doors.
  • the door lock module can work to control the unlocking of the vehicle doors to facilitate the driver and passengers in the vehicle to leave the colliding vehicle;
  • the vehicle's wiper module can work after the vehicle collision to quickly clear liquid or solid objects on the windshield that affect the line of sight, giving the driver a good field of vision, increasing the chances of escape and self-rescue, and minimizing casualties;
  • the vehicle's steering system and braking system can work after the vehicle collision so that the driver can control the vehicle and minimize the severity of the collision.
  • the vehicle's on-board gateway module VGM can safely and reliably interconnect and transmit data within multiple different networks within the vehicle.
  • the on-board gateway module VGM works after a vehicle collision to facilitate emergency calls for rescue;
  • the vehicle's central controller CEM as the main control unit of the vehicle body, can work after a vehicle collision to control the entire vehicle;
  • the vehicle's collision controller ACU can work to control airbags, seat belts, etc. to provide protection for drivers and passengers;
  • the vehicle's battery management system BMS can work to cut off the power supply of the high-voltage power battery to the load end as quickly as possible to reduce the probability of accidents, especially fire accidents.
  • the electric system of the vehicle of the disclosed embodiment distinguishes and classifies the functions concerned by collision rescue, and not only integrates the fuses of the functional devices concerned after the collision into a large fuse box, namely, the first fuse box, but also uses separate first fuses for the functional devices concerned after the collision, thereby avoiding the impact of a certain first fuse on multiple devices after the first fuse is blown.
  • the operation of the functional device makes the safety level of the vehicle higher.
  • the first fuse box can be called CJB (center junction box).
  • the vehicle's power system also includes a low-voltage battery and a low-voltage backup battery
  • the first fuse box has a main power supply interface and a backup power supply interface
  • the main power supply interface is electrically connected to the low-voltage battery
  • the backup power supply interface is electrically connected to the low-voltage backup battery.
  • an additional low-voltage backup battery is added to power it, forming a redundant design, effectively reducing the risk of power outages, and improving the reliability of normal operation of functional components of concern after a vehicle collision.
  • the low-voltage battery can be a 12V battery, the low-voltage backup battery can be a 12V battery, or a 12V capacitor, lithium battery or other similar power supply device can be used.
  • the low-voltage battery can be charged by converting the voltage through the vehicle's power battery (high-voltage battery); the low-voltage battery can also charge the low-voltage backup battery as needed.
  • the first fuse box is configured as a passenger compartment fuse box installed in a passenger compartment of the vehicle, such as the first fuse box is configured to be installed under a seat in the passenger compartment, or installed in a footrest area in front of a seat in the passenger compartment.
  • the first fuse box can be called the passenger compartment fuse box, and is arranged in an area of the passenger compartment that is not easily deformed, so as to avoid the influence of the deformation of the vehicle after the collision on the first fuse box as much as possible.
  • the first fuse box can be set on the lower side of the seat (such as: the lower side of the front seat or the rear seat) or the footrest area in front of the seat (i.e., the area for the driver and passengers to put their feet, such as: the footrest area in front of the front seat, or the footrest area in front of the rear seat (between the front and rear seats)).
  • the seat and the footrest area in front of the seat can be considered as the area that can be covered by the human body, because the vehicle is first to ensure the safety of people. Therefore, setting the first fuse box within the coverage of people can improve its safety and avoid the first fuse box from being deformed by collision.
  • At least one second fuse is provided in the first fuse box, and the at least one second fuse is configured to be electrically connected one-to-one with any one or more of the reading light in the passenger compartment, the ambient light in the passenger compartment, the air-conditioning system, the instrument panel, and the steering wheel of the vehicle.
  • the first fuse box is arranged in the passenger compartment, and the passenger compartment is also provided with reading lights, ambient lights, air conditioning system, instrument panel, steering wheel and other devices. Therefore, as shown in FIG2 , the second fuse in the circuit where other passenger compartment electrical devices such as reading lights, ambient lights, air conditioning system, instrument panel, electronic components on the steering wheel are located can be arranged in the first fuse box according to the proximity principle, thus avoiding the power supply harness being too long.
  • the vehicle's power system also includes a second fuse box, in which at least one third fuse is provided, and the at least one third fuse is configured to be electrically connected one-to-one with any one or more of a reading light in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, an ambient light in the passenger compartment, an air-conditioning system, a water pump installed on the chassis of the vehicle, an engine, an active air intake grille, and an on-board radar.
  • a second fuse box in which at least one third fuse is provided, and the at least one third fuse is configured to be electrically connected one-to-one with any one or more of a reading light in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, an ambient light in the passenger compartment, an air-conditioning system, a water pump installed on the chassis of the vehicle, an engine, an active air intake grille, and an on-board radar.
  • the third fuses in the circuit where the functional device corresponding to the function is located can be integrated and placed in the second fuse box.
  • Reading lights in the passenger compartment, ambient lights in the passenger compartment, air-conditioning system, water pump installed on the chassis can be used to input coolant into the required circuit to adjust the temperature of components, such as: engine temperature, battery (such as: low-voltage battery, low-voltage backup battery, power battery, etc.) temperature, cab temperature, etc.), engine, active air intake grille, vehicle-mounted radar (such as: millimeter wave radar) and other functional devices do not need to be maintained after a collision, especially a high-speed collision. Therefore, the third fuse can be connected in series one by one in the circuits where these functional devices are located.
  • the reading lights in the passenger compartment, the ambient lights in the passenger compartment, the fuses in the circuit where the air-conditioning system is located can be arranged in the first fuse box based on the principle of proximity, and the fuses in the circuit where the active air intake grille, the on-board radar, etc. are located can also be arranged in the first fuse box; or, because the reading lights in the passenger compartment, the ambient lights in the passenger compartment, the air-conditioning system, the active air intake grille, the on-board radar, etc. are functional components that do not need to be maintained after a collision, the fuses in their circuits can also be arranged in the second fuse box.
  • the second fuse box is provided as a front compartment fuse box installed in an engine compartment (ie, a front compartment) of the vehicle.
  • the second fuse box can be a front compartment fuse box arranged in the engine compartment, which is convenient for maintenance and reduces costs.
  • the second fuse box can be called EJB (Engine junction box).
  • the power system of the vehicle further includes a power distribution fuse box MDB, which may be disposed before the second fuse box and the non-crash-concerned functional device.
  • the vehicle's power system further includes a first power-off switch, which is electrically connected between the low-voltage battery and the second fuse box, and the first power-off switch is configured to be electrically connected to a collision controller of the vehicle and can be disconnected under the control of the collision controller when a collision occurs in the vehicle.
  • a first power-off switch is added before the second fuse box, and the first power-off switch is in a closed state under normal scenarios; when a collision occurs, the collision controller can detect the collision information of the vehicle through sensors. After receiving the collision signal, the collision controller can control the first power-off switch to complete the power-off operation of the second fuse box, effectively reducing or avoiding deformation of the engine compartment and squeezing of the wiring harness, thereby affecting the voltage of the entire vehicle.
  • the first power-off switch may be a low-voltage pyrotechnical power-off switch PSS (Pyrotechnical safety switches).
  • PSS Pulrotechnical safety switches
  • the low-voltage pyrotechnical power-off switch can complete the power-off operation of the second fuse box within 1ms-2ms (milliseconds).
  • the main power source (low-voltage battery) of the vehicle is a lithium battery
  • the battery management system BMS in the lithium battery can protect the lithium battery through an electronic fuse. Adding the low-voltage pyrotechnical power-off protection switch can disconnect the power supply before the BMS fuse MOS tube of the lithium battery, effectively protecting the lithium battery.
  • the vehicle power system further includes a third fuse box, the third fuse box includes a fourth fuse and a fifth fuse, the fourth fuse is configured to be electrically connected between the low-voltage battery and the first fuse.
  • the fifth fuse is configured to be electrically connected between the low-voltage battery and the second fuse box.
  • a third fuse box is added after the low-voltage battery.
  • the third fuse box can be called a battery fuse box BFB (Battery fuse box).
  • BFB Battery fuse box
  • the low-voltage battery can be electrically connected to the first fuse box through the fourth fuse in the third fuse box, and the low-voltage battery can be electrically connected to the second fuse box through the fifth fuse in the third fuse box, so as to separately power the first fuse box CJB and the functional devices connected thereto, and the second fuse box EJB and the functional devices connected thereto to avoid mutual influence.
  • the third fuse box further includes a sixth fuse, which is configured to be electrically connected between the low-voltage battery and the main fuse of the high-low voltage converter of the high-voltage power supply module of the vehicle.
  • the high-voltage power supply module can supply power to the whole vehicle.
  • the high-voltage electricity output by the high-voltage battery of the high-voltage power supply module can be converted into low-voltage electricity through a high-low voltage converter (DCDC (Direct current direct current) converter) to supply power to the low-voltage load.
  • DCDC Direct current direct current
  • a main fuse (DCDC main fuse) is provided at the output end of the high-low voltage converter, and the low-voltage battery can be electrically connected to the DCDC main fuse through the sixth fuse in the third fuse box to supply power to the high-low voltage conversion function electrical device (DCDC converter or ODP (integrated vehicle power management module) or all-in-one conversion device) through the DCDC main fuse.
  • the high-voltage electricity output by the high-voltage battery is converted by the DCDC converter, it can be supplied to the low-voltage load after passing through the third fuse box, instead of directly supplying power to the low-voltage load.
  • the physical positions of the low-voltage battery and the third fuse box can be set together or not together.
  • a third fuse box is added behind the low-voltage battery, so that after the low-voltage battery or the high-voltage battery is converted by the DCDC converter, the first fuse box CJB and the functional devices connected thereto, the second fuse box EJB and the functional devices connected thereto, and the DCDC main fuse and the functional devices connected thereto can be powered separately to avoid mutual influence.
  • one of the DCDC main fuse and the sixth fuse in the third fuse box may be omitted.
  • the power system of the vehicle further includes a high-voltage power supply module, the high-voltage power supply module includes a power battery and a high-voltage power supply circuit, the power battery supplies power to the load through the high-voltage power supply circuit, a second power-off switch is provided on the high-voltage power supply circuit, the second power-off switch is configured to be electrically connected to a collision controller of the vehicle, and can be disconnected under the control of the collision controller when a collision occurs in the vehicle.
  • the high-voltage power supply module includes a power battery and a high-voltage power supply circuit
  • the power battery supplies power to the load through the high-voltage power supply circuit
  • a second power-off switch is provided on the high-voltage power supply circuit, the second power-off switch is configured to be electrically connected to a collision controller of the vehicle, and can be disconnected under the control of the collision controller when a collision occurs in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle When the vehicle is a hybrid or electric vehicle, the vehicle also includes a high-voltage power supply module, the power battery (high-voltage battery) of which can output high-voltage electricity through a high-voltage power supply circuit, and the high-voltage electricity can be supplied to a high-voltage load, or supplied to a low-voltage load after conversion by a DCDC converter.
  • a second power-off switch to the high-voltage power supply circuit of the high-voltage battery can ensure that the external power supply of the high-voltage power supply module is quickly cut off when a collision occurs, effectively reducing secondary damage caused by high voltage.
  • the second power disconnect switch may be a high-voltage pyrotechnic power disconnect switch.
  • the working principle of the high-voltage pyrotechnic power disconnect switch is shown in FIG3 .
  • Adding a high-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch to the high-voltage power supply circuit of the high-voltage battery can ensure that in the event of a collision,
  • the external power supply of the high-voltage power supply module is cut off within 1ms-2ms.
  • the high-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch can be arranged inside the high-voltage power supply module, and the battery management system BMS can be electrically connected to the power battery through the high-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch (the high-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch can be connected in series to the battery management system BMS circuit).
  • the high-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch can be opened or closed. When the second power-off switch is opened, the external power supply of the high-voltage power supply module can be cut off, and the power supply inside the high-voltage power supply module and the judgment of the battery management system BMS are still working.
  • first power-off switch and the second power-off switch are not limited to being pyrotechnic power-off switches PSS (the working principle of the pyrotechnic power-off switch PSS is shown in FIG4 ), and may also be other types of switches, such as relays.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, comprising a power system of the vehicle provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the power system of the vehicle in the disclosed embodiment optimizes the logic of the power supply of the whole vehicle, classifies the functions of the whole vehicle, optimizes each link and improves the functional safety redundancy, which can solve the post-collision function problems under collision and extreme collision conditions, and ensure the perfection of functions such as unlocking after collision, emergency call rescue, and high voltage disconnection.
  • the power system of the vehicle in the disclosed embodiment changes the power supply strategy, realizes the classified layout of functions, and adds the passenger compartment fuse box, front compartment fuse box, battery fuse box, low-voltage backup battery, low-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch, high-voltage pyrotechnic power-off switch, etc., to realize the distribution of the main power supply, and more redundancy, so that the safety level of the vehicle function is higher, and it can meet the functions of extremely severe collision scenarios.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • plurality means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • installed can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection
  • it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less than or equal to the second feature in level.
  • the functional modules/modules in all or some of the systems and devices in the methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof.
  • the division between the functional modules/modules mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple functions, or a function may be performed by several physical components in cooperation.
  • Some or all components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a digital signal processor or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit.
  • Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or temporary medium).
  • a computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data).
  • Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer.
  • communication media typically contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

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Abstract

一种车辆的电力系统，包括第一保险丝盒，所述第一保险丝盒内设有多个第一保险丝，多个第一保险丝设置成与车辆的前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块、中央控制器、碰撞控制器、电池管理系统中的至少两个一一对应电连接。还公开了使用该电力系统的车辆。该电力系统把碰撞后需要关注的功能的保险丝集合在一起，避免了由于供电问题导致的碰撞后需要关注的功能无法工作，影响碰撞后的救援工作。

Description

车辆及其电力系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2023年04月07日提交的申请号为202310364443.8，名称为“车辆及其电力系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及但不限于车辆技术领域，尤其涉及但不限于一种车辆的电力系统和一种车辆。
背景技术
汽车碰撞安全性能受到广泛关注，汽车碰撞通常分为正面/侧面/后面碰撞以及翻滚和行人碰撞等情况。碰撞发生后，车辆的某些功能必须能够使用，以便在事故后帮助救援人员对受伤人员救援及提前识别发现车辆等。
目前，国家强制标准对碰撞后功能主要关注在车门方面，在正面、侧面标准碰撞条件下，国标要求车门能够打开，但对碰撞其它功能暂无明确的要求。因此，市场上绝大部分车型关注的是如何保证车门能够打开，对其他碰撞后有助于救援的功能未进行关注。
在整车中，碰撞发生后需要有电池及线束供电保证碰撞后需要关注功能所对应的功能器件正常工作，而线束布置通常采用就近原则，即基于线束布置方便，把位置靠近的一些功能器件的供电线束及保险丝放置在一起。如此设置，导致整车线束较长，布置在整车各个位置，碰撞中无法避免线束受到车身钣金变形切割，线束切割接地会引起保险丝熔断，导致整车供电电压下降，熔断保险丝越多电压下降时间越长压降幅度也越大，甚至电压降至0V，这样就导致碰撞后需要关注的功能无法工作，影响碰撞后的救援工作。
公开内容
本公开实施例的主要目的是提供一种车辆的电力系统，把碰撞后需要关注的功能的保险丝集合在一起，避免了由于供电问题导致的碰撞后需要关注的功能无法工作，影响碰撞后的救援工作。
本公开的技术方案如下：
一种车辆的电力系统，包括第一保险丝盒，所述第一保险丝盒内设有多个第一保险丝，多个所述第一保险丝设置成与车辆的前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块、中央控制器、碰撞控制器、电池管理系统中的至少两 个一一对应电连接。
一种车辆，包括上述的车辆的电力系统。
本公开实施例的车辆的电力系统，对碰撞救援所关注的功能进行了甄别分类，不仅将碰撞后关注的功能器件(如：前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块、中央控制器、碰撞控制器、电池管理系统)的保险整合后集中放置在第一保险丝盒中，而且这些碰撞后关注的功能器件分别使用单独的第一保险丝，避免了某一第一保险丝熔断后影响多个功能器件的工作，使得车辆的安全等级更高。
在阅读并理解附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本公开技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本公开的实施例一起用于解释本公开的技术方案，并不构成对本公开技术方案的限制。
图1为本公开一些实施例的车辆的电力系统的结构示意图。
图2为本公开另一些实施例的车辆的工作原理的流程示意图。
图3为本公开一些实施例的第二断电开关的工作原理图。
图4为本公开一些实施例的烟火式断电开关的工作原理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本公开的技术方案。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本公开，而非对本公开的限定。
现有车辆中，基本供电方法为，通过线束由电池正极到某个功能所应用的控制器，再由线束到电池的负极，这其中会有一个保险丝实现对功能电器的保护。当线束供电异常时，保险丝会失效，整个供电线路会开路，功能即失效。放到整车状态下，整车上所有的功能电器都是基于由12v电池成并联电路来供电。在碰撞过程中，经常会发生某一线束或者一组线束受到碰撞变形区域的车身钣金或者底盘的变形挤压，导致线束破损，引起电压下降或者保险丝失效。
无论是碰撞测试还是实际交通事故中，车身和底盘变形无法避免，需要通过它们的变形来吸收碰撞能量，降低对驾乘人员的伤害。而整车线束遍布全车，无法避免线束不受到挤压。换言之，低压下降及保险丝失效无法避免。这就会导致碰撞结束后，整车的部分功能会因为供电开路而失效，严重情况下，可能整车都会供电失效。
现有车辆中，其供电逻辑并未分类，未能甄别在碰撞后，哪些功能可以失效，哪些功能不能失效，而是采用就近原则，依据线束布置方便原则，把一些功能的供电线束及保险丝 放置在一起。这就导致碰撞发生后，碰撞及救援所关注的功能往往失效，如：解锁、紧急呼叫、网关、双闪灯、雨刮系统等，导致车辆无法给后续车辆及救援人员提供足够的支持。因此，需要在供电策略上尽可能减缓碰撞后关注功能失效的概率，这也是减缓驾乘人员伤害的一种方式。
基于此，如图1和图2所示，本公开实施例提供了一种车辆的电力系统，包括第一保险丝盒，第一保险丝盒内设有多个第一保险丝，多个第一保险丝设置成与车辆的前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块、中央控制器、碰撞控制器、电池管理系统中的至少两个一一对应电连接。
该车辆的电力系统中，第一保险丝盒内设有多个第一保险丝，该多个第一保险丝与车辆的前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块VGM(Vehicle Gateway Module)、中央控制器CEM(Central Electronic Module)、碰撞控制器ACU(Airbag Contorl Unit)、电池管理系统BMS(battery management system)等这些碰撞后需要关注的功能器件中的至少两个一一对应电连接，即多个第一保险丝一一对应地串联在前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块VGM、中央控制器CEM、碰撞控制器ACU、电池管理系统BMS等这些碰撞后需要关注的功能器件中的至少两个所在的电路中，以便通过第一保险丝保证前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块VGM、中央控制器CEM、碰撞控制器ACU、电池管理系统BMS等这些碰撞后需要关注的功能器件的供电安全。
在车辆发生碰撞后，车辆的前照灯和后照灯可工作，以方便识别碰撞车辆；车辆的门锁模块可控制车门的上锁与解锁，在车辆碰撞后工作，门锁模块可以控制车门解锁，方便车内的驾乘人员离开碰撞车辆；车辆的雨刮模块可以在车辆碰撞后工作，以快速清除掉挡风玻璃上的影响视线的液体或者固体等物，给驾驶人一个良好的视野，增加逃生和自救的机会，尽可能减少伤亡；车辆的转向系统、制动系统可在车辆碰撞后工作，以便驾驶人控制车辆，尽可能减轻碰撞程度；车辆的车载网关模块VGM可以安全可靠地在车辆内的多个不同网络内互连和传输数据，车载网关模块VGM在车辆碰撞后工作，以便紧急呼叫救援；车辆的中央控制器CEM，作为整车车身的主控单元，可在车辆碰撞后工作，以便对整车进行控制；车辆的碰撞控制器ACU可工作，以便控制安全气囊、安全带等为驾乘人员提供保护；车辆的电池管理系统BMS可工作，以便尽可能快地断掉高压动力电池对负载端的供电，以降低事故尤其是起火事故的发生概率。
本公开实施例的车辆的电力系统，对碰撞救援所关注的功能进行了甄别分类，不仅将碰撞后关注的功能器件的保险整合放置在一个大保险丝盒——第一保险丝盒中，而且这些碰撞后关注的功能器件分别使用单独的第一保险丝，避免了某一第一保险丝熔断后影响多个 功能器件的工作，使得车辆的安全等级更高。该第一保险丝盒可称为CJB(center junction box)。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1所示，车辆的电力系统还包括低压蓄电池和低压备用电池，第一保险丝盒具有主供电接口和备用供电接口，主供电接口与低压蓄电池电连接，备用供电接口与低压备用电池电连接。
该第一保险丝盒除了利用整车的低压蓄电池供电外，还增加一个额外的低压备用电池对其进行供电，形成冗余设计，有效降低断电的风险，提高了整车碰撞后关注的功能器件正常工作的可靠性。
其中，低压蓄电池可为12V电池，低压备用电池可为12V电池，也可使用12V的电容、锂电池等类似供电器件。可通过整车的动力电池(高压电池)转换电压给低压蓄电池充电；低压蓄电池也可根据需要，给低压备用电池充电。
一些示例性实施例中，第一保险丝盒设置为安装在车辆的乘员舱内的乘员舱保险丝盒。如：第一保险丝盒设置为安装在乘员舱内的座椅的下侧，或者安装在乘员舱内的座椅前侧的脚踏区域。
该第一保险丝盒可称为乘员舱保险丝盒，并布置在乘员舱中不易变形的区域，尽量避免碰撞后车辆变形对第一保险丝盒的影响。第一保险丝盒可设置在座椅下侧(如：前排座椅或者后排座椅的下侧)或者座椅前侧的脚踏区域(即用于驾乘人员放脚的区域，如：前排座椅前侧的脚踏区域，或者后排座椅前侧(前后排座椅之间)的脚踏区域)，座椅以及座椅前侧的脚踏区域可以认为是人体所能覆盖的区域，因为车辆首先是要保证人的安全，因此，将第一保险丝盒设置在人的覆盖范围内，可提高其安全性，避免第一保险丝盒碰撞变形。
一些示例性实施例中，第一保险丝盒内设有至少一个第二保险丝，至少一个第二保险丝设置成与车辆的乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统、仪表盘、方向盘中的任意一个或多个一一对应电连接。
第一保险丝盒设置在乘员舱内，而乘员舱内还设有阅读灯、氛围灯、空调系统、仪表盘、方向盘等器件，因此，如图2所示，可以根据就近原则，将阅读灯、氛围灯、空调系统、仪表盘、方向盘上的电子元器件等其他乘员舱用电器件所在电路中的第二保险丝设置在第一保险丝盒内，避免了供电线束过长。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1和图2所示，车辆的电力系统还包括第二保险丝盒，第二保险丝盒内设有至少一个第三保险丝，至少一个第三保险丝设置成与车辆的乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统、车辆的底盘上安装的水泵、发动机、主动进气格栅、车载雷达中的任意一个或多个一一对应电连接。
除了上述碰撞后关注功能，还有一些碰撞后无需维持的功能或者相对简单的功能，这些 功能对应的功能器件所在电路中的第三保险丝可集中整合后放置在第二保险丝盒中。
乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统、底盘上安装的水泵(可用于将冷却液输入到所需回路，以对元器件的温度进行调节，如：可对发动机的温度、电池(如：低压蓄电池、低压备用电池、动力电池等)的温度、驾驶室的温度等进行调节)、发动机、主动进气格栅、车载雷达(如：毫米波雷达)等功能器件在碰撞后尤其是高速碰撞后无需维持，因此，可将第三保险丝一一对应地串联在这些功能器件所在的电路中。
应当理解，乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统所在电路中的保险丝可以根据就近原则，布置在第一保险丝盒内，主动进气格栅、车载雷达等所在电路中的保险丝也可以布置在第一保险丝盒内；或者，由于乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统、主动进气格栅、车载雷达等为碰撞后无需维持的功能器件，其电路中的保险丝也可布置在第二保险丝盒内。
一些示例性实施例中，第二保险丝盒设置为安装在车辆的发动机舱(即前舱)内的前舱保险丝盒。
第二保险丝盒可为设置在发动机舱内的前舱保险丝盒，方便维护及降低成本。第二保险丝盒可称为EJB(Engine junction box)。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1所示，车辆的电力系统还包括电源分配保险丝盒MDB，电源分配保险丝盒MDB可设置在第二保险丝盒和非碰撞关注功能器件之前。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1所示，车辆的电力系统还包括第一断电开关，第一断电开关电连接在低压蓄电池与第二保险丝盒之间，且第一断电开关设置成与车辆的碰撞控制器电连接，并能在车辆发生碰撞时在碰撞控制器的控制下断开。
在第二保险丝盒之前增加第一断电开关，该第一断电开关在正常场景下是闭合状态；在碰撞发生时，碰撞控制器可通过传感器检测车辆的碰撞信息，碰撞控制器收到碰撞信号后，可控制第一断电开关完成第二保险丝盒的断电作业，有效降低或者避免发动机舱变形挤压线束，进而对整车电压造成影响。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1所示，第一断电开关可为低压烟火式断电开关PSS(Pyrotechnical safety switches)。该低压烟火式断电开关在收到碰撞控制器的信号后，能够在1ms-2ms(毫秒)内完成第二保险丝盒的断电作业。此外，如果车辆的主电源(低压蓄电池)采用的是锂电池，锂电池中由电池管理系统BMS可以通过电子保险丝来保护锂电池，增加该低压烟火式断电防护开关可以在锂电池的BMS保险丝MOS管之前断开供电，有效保护锂电池。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1和图2所示，车辆的电力系统还包括第三保险丝盒，第三保险丝盒包括第四保险丝和第五保险丝，第四保险丝设置成电连接在低压蓄电池和第一保 险丝盒之间，第五保险丝设置成电连接在低压蓄电池和第二保险丝盒之间。
在低压蓄电池之后增加第三保险丝盒，第三保险丝盒可称为电池保险丝盒BFB(Battery fuse box)，低压蓄电池可通过该第三保险丝盒中的第四保险丝电连接至第一保险丝盒，且低压蓄电池可通过该第三保险丝盒中的第五保险丝电连接至第二保险丝盒，以便对第一保险丝盒CJB及其后连接的功能器件、第二保险丝盒EJB及其后连接的功能器件进行分开供电，避免互相影响。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1和图2所示，第三保险丝盒还包括第六保险丝，第六保险丝设置成电连接在低压蓄电池和车辆的高压供电模块的高低压转换器的主保险丝之间。
车辆为混动车型或者电动车的情况下，可由高压供电模块为整车供电，高压供电模块的高压电池输出的高压电可通过高低压转换器(DCDC(Direct current direct current)转换器)转换成低压电，以便给低压负载供电。高低压转换器的输出端设有主保险丝(DCDC主保险丝)，低压蓄电池可通过第三保险丝盒中的第六保险丝电连接至DCDC主保险丝，以通过DCDC主保险丝给高低压转换功能用电器件(DCDC转换器或者ODP(集成式车载电源管理模块)或者是多合一的转换器件)供电。此外，高压电池输出的高压电经过DCDC转换器转换后，可经过第三保险丝盒后给低压负载供电，而不直接给低压负载供电。其中，低压蓄电池和第三保险丝盒的物理位置可以设置在一起，也可以不在一起。
低压蓄电池后增加第三保险丝盒，使得低压蓄电池或者高压电池经DCDC转换器转换后可对第一保险丝盒CJB及其后连接的功能器件、第二保险丝盒EJB及其后连接的功能器件、DCDC主保险丝及其后连接的功能器件进行分开供电，避免互相影响。
应当理解，DCDC主保险丝跟第三保险丝盒中的第六保险丝中的一个可以省略。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1所示，车辆的电力系统还包括高压供电模块，高压供电模块包括动力电池和高压供电回路，动力电池通过高压供电回路向负载供电，高压供电回路上设有第二断电开关，第二断电开关设置成与车辆的碰撞控制器电连接，并能在车辆发生碰撞时在碰撞控制器的控制下断开。
车辆为混动车型或者电动车的情况下，车辆还包括高压供电模块，该高压供电模块的动力电池(高压电池)可通过高压供电回路可输出高压电，该高压电可供给高压负载，或者经过DCDC转换器转换后供给低压负载。在高压电池的高压供电回路上增加第二断电开关，可以保证在碰撞发生时，快速切断高压供电模块的对外供电作业，有效降低高压引起的二次伤害。
一些示例性实施例中，如图1所示，第二断电开关可为高压烟火式断电开关。该高压烟火式断电开关的工作原理如图3所示。
在高压电池的高压供电回路上增加高压烟火式断电开关，可以保证在碰撞发生时，可在 1ms-2ms内切断高压供电模块的对外供电作业。其中，高压烟火式断电开关可布置在高压供电模块内部，电池管理系统BMS可通过高压烟火式断电开关电连接至动力电池(高压烟火式断电开关可串联在电池管理系统BMS电路上)。高压烟火式断电开关可以断开或闭合，第二断电开关断开时，可切断高压供电模块往外供电，高压供电模块内部的供电和电池管理系统BMS的判断还在工作。
应当理解，第一断电开关和第二断电开关不限于为烟火式断电开关PSS(烟火式断电开关PSS的工作原理如图4所示)，还可以为其他类型的开关，如继电器等。
本公开实施例还提供了一种车辆，包括上述任一实施例提供的车辆的电力系统。
综上所述，本公开实施例的车辆的电力系统，优化了整车供电的逻辑，对整车功能进行分类，针对每个环节均进行了优化及功能安全冗余提升，可以解决碰撞及极端碰撞工况下的碰撞后功能问题，保证碰撞后解锁、紧急呼叫救援、断高压等功能的完善。本公开实施例的车辆的电力系统，更改了供电策略，实现了功能的分类布置，且新增乘员舱保险丝盒、前舱保险丝盒、电池保险丝盒、低压备用电池、低压烟火式断电开关、高压烟火式断电开关等，实现主电源的分配供电，且冗余更多，使得车辆功能的安全等级更高，可满足极端恶劣碰撞场景等功能。
在本公开实施例的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。
在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于等于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、 或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些系统、装置中的功能模块/模块可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/模块之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些组件或所有组件可以被实施为由处理器，如数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
虽然本文所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本文而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本文。任何本文所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本文所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本文的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种车辆的电力系统，包括第一保险丝盒，所述第一保险丝盒内设有多个第一保险丝，多个所述第一保险丝设置成与车辆的前照灯、后照灯、门锁模块、雨刮模块、转向系统、制动系统、车载网关模块、中央控制器、碰撞控制器、电池管理系统中的至少两个一一对应电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，还包括低压蓄电池和低压备用电池，所述第一保险丝盒具有主供电接口和备用供电接口，所述主供电接口与所述低压蓄电池电连接，所述备用供电接口与所述低压备用电池电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，所述第一保险丝盒设置为安装在车辆的乘员舱内的乘员舱保险丝盒。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，所述第一保险丝盒设置为安装在所述乘员舱内的座椅的下侧，或者安装在所述乘员舱内的座椅前侧的脚踏区域。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，所述第一保险丝盒内设有至少一个第二保险丝，至少一个所述第二保险丝设置成与车辆的乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统、仪表盘、方向盘中的任意一个或多个一一对应电连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，还包括第二保险丝盒，所述第二保险丝盒内设有至少一个第三保险丝，至少一个所述第三保险丝设置成与车辆的乘员舱内的阅读灯、乘员舱内的氛围灯、空调系统、车辆的底盘上安装的水泵、发动机、主动进气格栅、车载雷达中的任意一个或多个一一对应电连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，所述第二保险丝盒设置为安装在车辆的发动机舱内的前舱保险丝盒。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，还包括第一断电开关，所述第一断电开关电连接在低压蓄电池与所述第二保险丝盒之间，且所述第一断电开关设置成与车辆的碰撞控制器电连接，并能在车辆发生碰撞时在所述碰撞控制器的控制下断开。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，还包括第三保险丝盒，所述第三保险丝盒包括第四保险丝和第五保险丝，所述第四保险丝设置成电连接在低压蓄电池和所述第一保险丝盒之间，所述第五保险丝设置成电连接在低压蓄电池和所述第二保险丝盒之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，所述第三保险丝盒还包括第六保险丝，所述第六保险丝设置成电连接在低压蓄电池和车辆的高压供电模块的高低压转换器的主保险丝之间。
  11. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车辆的电力系统，其中，还包括高压供电模 块，所述高压供电模块包括动力电池和高压供电回路，所述动力电池通过所述高压供电回路向负载供电，所述高压供电回路上设有第二断电开关，所述第二断电开关设置成与车辆的碰撞控制器电连接，并能在车辆发生碰撞时在所述碰撞控制器的控制下断开。
  12. 一种车辆，包括权利要求1至11中任一项所述的车辆的电力系统。
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