WO2024210316A1 - 에너지 저장 시스템 - Google Patents
에너지 저장 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024210316A1 WO2024210316A1 PCT/KR2024/001798 KR2024001798W WO2024210316A1 WO 2024210316 A1 WO2024210316 A1 WO 2024210316A1 KR 2024001798 W KR2024001798 W KR 2024001798W WO 2024210316 A1 WO2024210316 A1 WO 2024210316A1
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- Prior art keywords
- converters
- energy storage
- voltage
- converter
- storage system
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/855—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/14—Energy storage units
Definitions
- Embodiments disclosed in this document relate to energy storage systems.
- An energy storage system is a system that connects renewable energy, batteries that store electricity, and existing grid power. Recently, as smart grids and renewable energy are being expanded and the efficiency and stability of power systems are being emphasized, the demand for energy storage systems is increasing for power supply and demand control, and power quality improvement. Depending on the purpose of use, energy storage systems have different outputs and capacities. In order to configure a large-capacity energy storage system, multiple battery systems can be connected to each other.
- DC-coupled energy storage systems are changing from AC-coupled to DC-coupled energy storage systems.
- the battery system and the grid have different voltage levels, and the voltage types are also different: the battery system has DC voltage, and the grid has AC voltage. Accordingly, a DC-DC converter and a DC-AC inverter, which are power conversion devices, are essential between the battery system and the grid.
- the DC-DC converter is installed in each battery cell or battery module and functions as the DC-DC converter of the entire system, and a structure that can have various advantages such as cell balancing and blocking of defective cells is being developed. Through this, the power consumption of the DC-DC converter in the energy storage system can be reduced, but the power consumption generated by the DC-AC inverter is still a problem that needs to be overcome.
- Embodiments disclosed in this document can provide an energy storage system capable of generating an AC voltage using a DC-DC converter in a battery cell, a battery module, or a battery pack unit.
- An energy storage system may include a plurality of battery units, a plurality of DC-DC converters each connected to a respective one of the plurality of battery units and converting an input voltage from the connected battery unit into an output voltage, and a control unit controlling the plurality of DC-DC converters such that a sum of the output voltages of the plurality of DC-DC converters becomes an AC voltage.
- each of the plurality of DC-DC converters is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of each of the plurality of battery units, and the combined voltage can be applied to a grid system connected to the energy storage system.
- the plurality of DC-DC converters are configured to perform a bypass function so that the magnitude of the output voltage becomes 0 V, and the control unit can control the plurality of DC-DC converters so that the sum voltage becomes an AC voltage by using the bypass function.
- control unit can control the plurality of DC-DC converters to perform the bypass function according to a specified cycle.
- the plurality of DC-DC converters are configured to perform a rising control function for causing the output voltage to become a voltage that rises based on a specified slope and a falling control function for causing the output voltage to become a voltage that falls based on a specified slope, and the control unit can control the plurality of DC-DC converters using the rising control function and the falling control function so that the summed voltage becomes an AC voltage.
- control unit can control the plurality of DC-DC converters such that the sum voltage has a magnitude, phase, and/or frequency corresponding to a required AC voltage of the grid system.
- control unit can control the plurality of DC-DC converters based on the states of the plurality of battery units.
- An energy storage system further includes at least one BMS (Battery Management System) for managing states of the plurality of battery units, and the control unit can obtain state data of the plurality of battery units from the at least one BMS and determine the states of the plurality of battery units based on the state data.
- BMS Battery Management System
- the state data may be data related to at least one of voltage, current, temperature, SOC (State of Charge), or SOH (State of Health) of the plurality of battery units.
- each of the plurality of battery units may be a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack, or a battery rack.
- the DC-AC inverter can be omitted from the energy storage system, thereby obtaining advantages in terms of power efficiency, power density, and temperature compared to existing energy storage systems.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional energy storage system and grid system.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an energy storage system and a grid system according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing for explaining the connection structure of a battery unit and a DC-DC converter in an energy storage system according to one embodiment.
- FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating examples of multiple DC-DC converters sequentially performing designated functions within an energy storage system according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the connection structure of a battery unit, a DC-DC converter, and a switch in an energy storage system according to one embodiment.
- phrases “A or B”, “at least one of A and B”, “at least one of A or B”, “A, B, or C”, “at least one of A, B, and C”, and “at least one of A, B, or C” can each include any one of the items listed together in that phrase, or all possible combinations thereof.
- the terms “first”, “second”, “first”, “second”, “A”, “B”, “(a)”, or “(b)” may be used merely to distinguish one component from another, and do not limit the components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order), unless specifically stated otherwise.
- a component e.g., a first component
- a component e.g., a first component
- each component e.g., a module or a program of the above-described components may include a single or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separated and arranged in other components.
- one or more of the components or operations of the above-described components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added.
- the multiple components e.g., a module or a program
- the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component of the multiple components before the integration.
- the operations performed by the module, program or other components may be executed sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional energy storage system and grid system.
- a conventional energy storage system (110) is connected to a grid system (120) and includes a battery unit (111), a DC-DC converter (112), and a DC-AC inverter (113).
- the smallest unit of a battery that plays a role in storing power in an energy storage system (ESS) is typically a battery cell.
- a series/parallel combination of battery cells forms a battery module, and a plurality of battery modules can form a battery pack or a battery rack.
- the battery unit (111) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be a battery pack or a battery rack.
- a conventional energy storage system (110) transmits power to a grid system (120) (when discharging) or receives power from a grid system (120) (when charging).
- the grid system (120) requires AC power
- the power transmitted between the energy storage system (110) and the grid system (120) is AC power.
- the conventional energy storage system (110) converted the DC output power of the battery unit (111) into AC power through the DC-DC converter (112) and the DC-AC inverter (113) and transmitted it to the grid system (120).
- the conventional energy storage system (110) converted the AC power transmitted from the grid system (120) into DC power through the DC-AC inverter (113) and the DC-DC converter (112) and transmitted it to the battery unit (111).
- the conventional energy storage system (110) required a DC-AC inverter (113) for the above-described power transmission and reception.
- a DC-AC inverter (113) for the above-described power transmission and reception.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an energy storage system and a grid system according to one embodiment.
- the energy storage system (200) may be connected to a grid system (260).
- the energy storage system (200) and the grid system (260) may transmit and receive AC power.
- the energy storage system (200) may transmit AC power to the grid system (260).
- the energy storage system (200) may receive AC power from the grid system (260).
- the energy storage system (200) may include a plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240), a plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242), and a control unit (250).
- the energy storage system (200) illustrated in FIG. 2 may further include at least one component (e.g., a Battery System Controller (BSC), an Energy Management System (EMS), or a Power Management System (PMS)) other than the components illustrated in FIG. 2.
- BSC Battery System Controller
- EMS Energy Management System
- PMS Power Management System
- a battery that performs the role of storing power can be implemented in a form in which a plurality of battery modules in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series/parallel form a battery pack or a battery rack, and a plurality of battery packs or a plurality of battery racks form a battery bank.
- Each of the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240) illustrated in FIG. 2 may be a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack, or a battery rack.
- multiple battery units may be connected in series or in parallel with each other.
- a battery management system (211, 221, 231, or 241) may be installed in each of a plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, or 240).
- the BMS (211, 221, 231, or 241) may manage the status of the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240) it manages.
- the BMS (211, 221, 231, or 241) may monitor voltage, current, and/or temperature of the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240), and calculate SOC and/or SOH based on the monitoring results.
- the BMS (211, 221, 231, or 241) may perform a role of controlling charging and discharging based on the status of the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240).
- the BMS may transmit status data related to at least one of voltage, current, temperature, SOC, or SOH of the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240) to the control unit (250).
- each of the plurality of DC-DC converters may be connected to each of the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240).
- the first DC-DC converter (212) may be connected to the first battery unit (210)
- the second DC-DC converter (222) may be connected to the second battery unit (220)
- the third DC-DC converter (232) may be connected to the third battery unit (230)
- the Nth DC-DC converter (242) may be connected to the Nth battery unit (240) (wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 4).
- a plurality of DC-DC converters may be directly or indirectly connected to a grid system (260). At this time, a sum voltage of the output voltages of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) may be applied to the grid system (260) through the connection.
- a predetermined filter may be connected between the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) and the grid system (260).
- the predetermined filter may be implemented as an AC transformer that converts a sum voltage of the output voltages of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to a required voltage of the grid system (260).
- a given filter may function to convert the sum voltage so that the intermediate voltage value of the AC voltage, which is the sum voltage, becomes 0 V.
- a plurality of DC-DC converters can convert an input voltage into an output voltage of a specified size.
- the DC-DC converter (212, 222, 232, or 242) can be implemented as various types of converters such as a full-bridge converter, a half-bridge converter, a flyback converter, etc.
- the DC-DC converter (212, 222, 232, or 242) can include a separate control unit, an input switching set, a primary coil, a secondary coil, an output switching set, and a capacitor.
- the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) may be bidirectional converters. For example, when conversion is performed from the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240) toward the grid system (260), inputs of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) may be connected to the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240), and outputs of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) may be connected to the grid system (260).
- the inputs of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) may be connected to the grid system (260), and the outputs of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) may be connected to the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240).
- a plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) can be configured to perform specific functions.
- a specific function may include a bypass function that causes the magnitude of the output voltage to be 0 V.
- the DC-DC converter (212, 222, 232, or 242) may perform the bypass function to block power output from the connected battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240).
- the specific function may include a rising control function that causes the output voltage to be a voltage that rises based on a specified slope and/or a falling control function that causes the output voltage to be a voltage that falls based on a specified slope.
- control unit (250) may include a central processing unit, an application processor, a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor.
- control unit may include a central processing unit, an application processor, a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor.
- control unit (250) may execute software to control at least one other component of the energy storage system (200) connected to the control unit (250) (e.g., BMS (211, 221, 231, or 241), DC-DC converter (212, 222, 232, or 242)) and perform various data processing or calculations.
- BMS 211, 221, 231, or 241
- DC-DC converter 212, 222, 232, or 242
- control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) such that the sum of the output voltages of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) becomes an AC voltage.
- control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) such that the sum of the output voltages of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) has a magnitude, a phase, and/or a frequency corresponding to a required AC voltage of the grid system (260).
- control unit (250) can control a plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to make the sum voltage an AC voltage by using the bypass function.
- the control unit (250) can control the number of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, or 242) that output voltage through the bypass function.
- control unit (250) can control the output voltage size of the DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, or 242) that output voltage.
- control unit (250) can control a plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to perform a bypass function for a specified period of time.
- the control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to perform the bypass function according to a specified period.
- the specified period may be set to the same period for all of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) or may be set to a different period for each of them.
- the specified period may be set based on a magnitude, a phase, and/or a frequency corresponding to a required AC voltage of the grid system (260). For example, the specified period may be set to a period faster than a period of the required AC voltage of the grid system (260) so that the sum voltage becomes the required AC voltage.
- control unit (250) may control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to sequentially perform the bypass function in a specified order.
- control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) so that the sum voltage becomes an AC voltage (specifically, a required AC voltage of the grid system (260)) by controlling the magnitude of the DC output voltage of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242).
- the control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to output the combined voltage as an AC voltage by using the rising control function and the falling control function.
- the control unit (250) can control the DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, or 242) to output a voltage that rises or falls based on a specified slope.
- the specified slope can be set based on a magnitude, a phase, and/or a frequency corresponding to a required AC voltage of the grid system (260).
- the control unit (250) can deliver a smoother form of AC voltage to the grid system (260) by using the rising control function and the falling control function.
- control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) so that the sum voltage becomes an AC voltage by utilizing all of the bypass function, the rising control function, and the falling control function.
- control unit (250) can control at least some of the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) to perform the bypass function, and control the remainder to perform the rising control function and/or the falling control function.
- control unit (250) can control the plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) based on the status of the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240).
- the control unit (250) can obtain status data of the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240) from at least one BMS (211, 221, 231, and/or 241).
- the control unit (250) can determine the status of the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240) based on the obtained status data. For example, the control unit (250) can determine the status of the plurality of battery units (210, 220, 230, 240) as an abnormal state or a normal state.
- control unit (250) can control a plurality of DC-DC converters (212, 222, 232, 242) based on the determined state.
- control unit (250) can control a DC-DC converter (212, 222, 232, or 242) connected to a battery unit (212, 222, 232, or 242) determined to be in an abnormal state to perform a bypass function.
- control unit (250) may determine that the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240) is in an abnormal state if the output voltage, SOC, or SOH of the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240) is below a specified level. As another example, the control unit (250) may determine that the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240) is in an abnormal state if the temperature of the battery unit (210, 220, 230, or 240) is above a specified temperature.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing for explaining the connection structure of a battery unit and a DC-DC converter in an energy storage system according to one embodiment.
- Each of the energy storage system (300) and the grid system (360) illustrated in FIG. 3 may have the same configuration as each of the energy storage system (200) and the grid system (260) illustrated in FIG. 2.
- each of the plurality of DC-DC converters (312, 322, 332, 342) may be connected to the positive and negative poles of each of the plurality of battery units (310, 320, 330, 340). That is, each of the plurality of DC-DC converters (312, 322, 332, 342) may be connected so as to convert the output voltage of each of the plurality of battery units (310, 320, 330, 340). Accordingly, the control unit of the energy storage system (300) (e.g., the control unit (250) of FIG. 2) may individually control the output voltage of each of the plurality of battery units (310, 320, 330, 340).
- connection units of each of the plurality of battery units (310, 320, 330, 340) and each of the plurality of DC-DC converters (312, 322, 332, 342) may be connected in series with each other.
- the positive output terminal of the first DC-DC converter (312) and the negative output terminal of the Nth DC-DC converter (342) may be connected to each other through a storage element (C1) that performs an energy storage role.
- the positive output terminal of the first DC-DC converter (312) may be connected to the positive input terminal of the grid system (360), and the negative output terminal of the Nth DC-DC converter (342) may be connected to the negative input terminal of the grid system (360).
- the sum of the output voltages of multiple DC-DC converters (312, 322, 332, 342) can be stored in the storage element (C1) or applied to the grid system (360).
- FIGS. 4A to 4C are diagrams illustrating examples of multiple DC-DC converters sequentially performing specific functions within an energy storage system according to one embodiment.
- the specific functions may include a bypass function, a rising control function, and/or a falling control function.
- Each of the energy storage system (400) and the grid system (460) illustrated in FIGS. 4a to 4c may have the same configuration as each of the energy storage system (200) and the grid system (260) illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the first DC-DC converter (412) may perform a specific function, and the remaining DC-DC converters (422, 432, 442) may not perform the specific function.
- the specific function is a bypass function
- the sum voltage applied to the grid system (460) may be the sum voltage of the voltages output from the remaining battery units (420, 430, 440) except for the first battery unit (410), converted by the remaining DC-DC converters (422, 432, 442).
- the first DC-DC converter (412) and the third DC-DC converter (432) may perform a specific function, and the remaining DC-DC converters (422, 442) may not perform the specific function.
- the specific function is a bypass function
- the sum voltage applied to the grid system (460) may be the sum voltage of the voltages output from the remaining battery units (420, 440) except for the first battery unit (410) and the third battery unit (430), which are converted by the remaining DC-DC converters (422, 442).
- the first DC-DC converter (412), the third DC-DC converter (432), and the Nth DC-DC converter (442) may perform a specific function, and the remaining DC-DC converters (422) may not perform the specific function.
- the specific function is a bypass function
- the sum voltage applied to the grid system (460) may be a voltage converted by the remaining DC-DC converters (422) from the voltage output from the remaining battery units (420) except for the first battery unit (410), the third battery unit (430), and the Nth battery unit (440).
- the energy storage system (400) can control whether the plurality of DC-DC converters (400) perform a specific function so that the sum of the output voltages of the plurality of DC-DC converters (400) becomes an AC voltage.
- a control unit e.g., control unit (250) of FIG. 2 within the energy storage system (400) can control whether the plurality of DC-DC converters (400) perform a specific function.
- the energy storage system (400) can control a plurality of DC-DC converters (412, 422, 432, 442) to sequentially perform a specific function in a specified order.
- the energy storage system (400) can control the first DC-DC converter (412), the third DC-DC converter (432), and the Nth DC-DC converter (442) to perform a specific function in that order (i.e., in the order of FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c).
- This may be a control for generating a portion in which the voltage value decreases in an AC voltage waveform, which is a summation voltage.
- the specified order is not limited thereto, and may be set in various ways so that the summation voltage becomes a required AC voltage.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the connection structure of a battery unit, a DC-DC converter, and a switch in an energy storage system according to one embodiment.
- Each of the energy storage system (500) and the grid system (590) illustrated in FIG. 5 may have the same configuration as each of the energy storage system (200) and the grid system (260) illustrated in FIG. 2.
- an energy storage system may include a plurality of battery units (510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580), a plurality of DC-DC converters (512, 522, 532, 542, 552, 562, 572, 582), a switch (SW), and a storage element (C2).
- Each of the plurality of DC-DC converters (512, 522, 532, 542, 552, 562, 572, 582) can be connected to the positive and negative poles of each of the plurality of battery units (510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580). That is, each of the plurality of DC-DC converters (512, 522, 532, 542, 552, 562, 572, 582) can be connected to convert the output voltage of each of the plurality of battery units (510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580).
- the control unit of the energy storage system (500) e.g., the control unit (250) of FIG. 2 can individually control the output voltage of each of the plurality of battery units (510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580).
- connection units of each of the first battery unit (510), the second battery unit (520), the third battery unit (530), the Nth battery unit (540) and the first DC-DC converter (512), the second DC-DC converter (522), the third DC-DC converter (532), the Nth DC-DC converter (542) may be connected in series with each other.
- the connection units of each of the N+1th battery unit (550), the 2N-2th battery unit (560), the 2N-1th battery unit (270), the 2Nth battery unit (580) and the N+1th DC-DC converter (552), the 2N-2nd DC-DC converter (562), the 2N-1th DC-DC converter (572), the 2Nth DC-DC converter (582) may also be connected in series with each other.
- the negative output terminal of the Nth DC-DC converter (542) and the positive output terminal of the N+1th DC-DC converter can be connected to each other.
- one end of a storage element (C2) performing an energy storage role may be connected to a switch (SW), and the other end may be connected to a negative output terminal of an Nth DC-DC converter (542) and a positive output terminal of an N+1th DC-DC converter.
- the switch (SW) may be configured to connect one end of the storage element (C2) to a positive output terminal of a first DC-DC converter (512) or a negative output terminal of a second Nth DC-DC converter (582) based on a predetermined cycle.
- a first summed voltage of the output voltages of the first DC-DC converter (512), the second DC-DC converter (522), the third DC-DC converter (532), ..., and the Nth DC-DC converter (542) can be stored in the storage element (C1) or applied to the grid system (590).
- a second summed voltage of the output voltages of the N+1th DC-DC converter (552), ..., the 2N-2th DC-DC converter (562), the 2N-1th DC-DC converter (572), and the 2Nth DC-DC converter (582) can be stored in the storage element (C1) or applied to the grid system (590).
- the first summed voltage and the second summed voltage stored in the storage element (C1) or applied to the grid system (590) may have opposite directions.
- the first summed voltage may have a positive value and the second summed voltage may have a negative value.
- the energy storage system (500) may control the intermediate voltage value of the AC voltage applied to the grid system (590) to be 0 V without a separate filter.
- a predetermined period in which the connection of the switch (SW) is changed may be set to 1/2 of the required AC voltage period of the grid system (590).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 복수의 배터리 유닛들;각각이 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들 각각과 연결되어, 연결된 배터리 유닛으로부터의 입력 전압을 출력 전압으로 변환하는 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들; 및상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들의 출력 전압들의 합산 전압이 AC 전압이 되도록 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들은 각각이 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들 각각의 양극 및 음극과 연결되고,상기 합산 전압이 상기 에너지 저장 시스템과 연결되는 그리드 시스템에 인가되는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들은, 상기 출력 전압의 크기가 0V가 되도록 하는 바이패스(bypass) 기능을 수행 가능하도록 구성되고,상기 제어부는, 상기 바이패스 기능을 이용하여 상기 합산 전압이 AC 전압이 되도록 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 제어하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 3에 있어서,상기 제어부는, 지정된 주기에 따라 상기 바이패스 기능을 수행하도록 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 제어하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들은, 상기 출력 전압이 지정된 기울기에 기초하여 상승하는 전압이 되도록 하는 상승 제어 기능 및 상기 출력 전압이 지정된 기울기에 기초하여 하강하는 전압이 되도록 하는 하강 제어 기능을 수행 가능하도록 구성되고,상기 제어부는, 상기 상승 제어 기능 및 상기 하강 제어 기능을 이용하여 상기 합산 전압이 AC 전압이 되도록 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 제어하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제어부는, 상기 합산 전압이 상기 그리드 시스템의 필요 AC 전압에 대응되는 크기, 위상, 및/또는 주파수를 갖도록 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 제어하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제어부는, 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들의 상태에 기초하여 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 제어하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 7에 있어서,상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들의 상태를 관리하는 적어도 하나의 BMS(Battery Management System)를 더 포함하고,상기 제어부는,상기 적어도 하나의 BMS로부터 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들의 상태 데이터를 획득하고,상기 상태 데이터에 기초하여 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들의 상기 상태를 결정하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 상태 데이터는 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들의 전압, 전류, 온도, SOC(State of Charge), 또는 SOH(State of Health) 중 적어도 하나와 관련된 데이터인, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들 각각은 배터리 셀, 배터리 모듈, 배터리 팩, 또는 배터리 랙인, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 복수의 배터리 유닛들;각각의 입력 단자가 상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들 각각의 양극 및 음극과 전기적으로 연결되어, 연결된 배터리 유닛으로부터의 입력 전압을 출력 전압으로 변환하는 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들을 포함하고,상기 복수의 배터리 유닛들 각각과 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 각각의 연결 단위들은 서로 직렬로 연결되고,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들의 출력 전압들의 합산 전압 중 적어도 일부가 그리드 시스템에 인가되도록, 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들과 상기 그리드 시스템이 전기적으로 연결되는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 제1 DC-DC 컨버터의 양극 출력 단자는 상기 그리드 시스템의 양극 입력 단자에 전기적으로 연결되고,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 제2 DC-DC 컨버터의 음극 출력 단자는 상기 그리드 시스템의 음극 입력 단자에 전기적으로 연결되고,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터 및 상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터를 제외한 나머지 DC-DC 컨버터들의 양극 출력 단자는 인접 DC-DC 컨버터의 음극 출력 단자와 전기적으로 연결되는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터의 상기 양극 출력 단자 및 상기 제2 DC-DC 컨버터의 상기 음극 출력 단자와 전기적으로 연결되는 축전 소자를 더 포함하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,2N(단, N은 자연수)개의 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 제1 DC-DC 컨버터의 양극 출력 단자 또는 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 제2N DC-DC 컨버터의 음극 출력 단자를 상기 그리드 시스템의 양극 입력 단자에 선택적으로 연결하도록 설정되는 스위치를 더 포함하고,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 상기 제1 DC-DC 컨버터 및 상기 제2N DC-DC 컨버터를 제외한 나머지 DC-DC 컨버터들의 양극 출력 단자는 인접 DC-DC 컨버터의 음극 출력 단자와 전기적으로 연결되고,상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 제N DC-DC 컨버터의 음극 출력 단자는 상기 복수의 DC-DC 컨버터들 중 제N+1 DC-DC 컨버터의 양극 출력 단자 및 상기 그리드 시스템의 음극 입력 단자에 전기적으로 연결되는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
- 청구항 14에 있어서,상기 스위치가 상기 그리드 시스템에 전기적으로 연결되는 상기 스위치의 제1 단 및 상기 제N DC-DC 컨버터의 음극 출력 단자와 전기적으로 연결되는 축전 소자를 더 포함하는, 에너지 저장 시스템.
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| JP2025558349A JP2026512724A (ja) | 2023-04-06 | 2024-02-07 | エネルギー貯蔵システム |
| EP24785027.4A EP4675880A4 (en) | 2023-04-06 | 2024-02-07 | ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM |
| CN202480023303.7A CN120958681A (zh) | 2023-04-06 | 2024-02-07 | 储能系统 |
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| KR10-2023-0045550 | 2023-04-06 | ||
| KR1020230045550A KR20240149679A (ko) | 2023-04-06 | 2023-04-06 | 에너지 저장 시스템 |
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| WO2024210316A1 true WO2024210316A1 (ko) | 2024-10-10 |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP4675880A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2026512724A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR20240149679A (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN120958681A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2024210316A1 (ko) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007280187A (ja) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-25 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | 電力変換装置 |
| KR101703521B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-20 | 2017-02-07 | 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 | 배터리 시스템 내에서 에너지 트랜스미션을 위한 온-오프 조절기의 직렬 접속 |
| KR102305583B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-23 | 2021-09-27 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 배터리 충방전 장치 |
| WO2021209613A1 (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-21 | Lithium Balance A/S | A dc-dc converter assembly |
| KR20220016470A (ko) * | 2019-05-30 | 2022-02-09 | 티에이이 테크놀로지스, 인크. | 에너지 저장 시스템의 모듈 레벨에서의 진보된 배터리 충전 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11152796B2 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2021-10-19 | National Science Foundation | Method and apparatus for uniform battery system state of charge management |
| KR20230045550A (ko) | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-04 | 주식회사 원더풀플랫폼 | 구매이력정보를 활용하여 인적네트워크를 형성하기 위한 스마트스토어 서비스 방법 및 시스템 |
-
2023
- 2023-04-06 KR KR1020230045550A patent/KR20240149679A/ko active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-07 JP JP2025558349A patent/JP2026512724A/ja active Pending
- 2024-02-07 WO PCT/KR2024/001798 patent/WO2024210316A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-07 EP EP24785027.4A patent/EP4675880A4/en active Pending
- 2024-02-07 CN CN202480023303.7A patent/CN120958681A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007280187A (ja) * | 2006-04-10 | 2007-10-25 | Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial System Corp | 電力変換装置 |
| KR101703521B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-20 | 2017-02-07 | 로베르트 보쉬 게엠베하 | 배터리 시스템 내에서 에너지 트랜스미션을 위한 온-오프 조절기의 직렬 접속 |
| KR102305583B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-23 | 2021-09-27 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 배터리 충방전 장치 |
| KR20220016470A (ko) * | 2019-05-30 | 2022-02-09 | 티에이이 테크놀로지스, 인크. | 에너지 저장 시스템의 모듈 레벨에서의 진보된 배터리 충전 |
| WO2021209613A1 (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-10-21 | Lithium Balance A/S | A dc-dc converter assembly |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP4675880A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2026512724A (ja) | 2026-04-20 |
| EP4675880A4 (en) | 2026-04-29 |
| KR20240149679A (ko) | 2024-10-15 |
| CN120958681A (zh) | 2025-11-14 |
| EP4675880A1 (en) | 2026-01-07 |
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