WO2024219461A1 - 油圧システム、及び、油圧システムの制御方法 - Google Patents
油圧システム、及び、油圧システムの制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024219461A1 WO2024219461A1 PCT/JP2024/015411 JP2024015411W WO2024219461A1 WO 2024219461 A1 WO2024219461 A1 WO 2024219461A1 JP 2024015411 W JP2024015411 W JP 2024015411W WO 2024219461 A1 WO2024219461 A1 WO 2024219461A1
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- Prior art keywords
- flow rate
- electric motor
- hydraulic
- pump
- variable displacement
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
- B64C13/24—Transmitting means
- B64C13/38—Transmitting means with power amplification
- B64C13/40—Transmitting means with power amplification using fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
- F04B1/28—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders
- F04B1/29—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
- F04B1/295—Control of machines or pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/26—Control
- F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
- F04B1/32—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
- F04B1/324—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/12—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/20—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by changing the driving speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
- F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
- F04B2203/0209—Rotational speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
- F04B2205/09—Flow through the pump
Definitions
- the technology disclosed herein relates to a hydraulic system and a method for controlling a hydraulic system.
- Patent Document 1 describes a hydraulic system used in the technical field of industrial machinery, such as injection molding machines.
- This conventional hydraulic system is equipped with a variable displacement swash plate pump that supplies hydraulic oil to an actuator.
- the control device of the system controls both the rotational speed of the servo motor that drives the pump, and changes the pump capacity by adjusting the angle of the swash plate of the swash plate pump.
- the control device switches between first, second, and third modes.
- the control device fixes the pump capacity of the swash plate pump to a small capacity and changes the rotation speed of the servo motor according to the command flow rate.
- the control device fixes the rotation speed of the servo motor to a low speed and changes the pump capacity of the swash plate pump according to the command flow rate.
- the control device fixes the pump capacity of the swash plate pump to a maximum capacity and changes the rotation speed of the servo motor according to the command flow rate.
- aircraft are equipped with various hydraulic actuators, such as aileron actuators, flap actuators, and gear actuators.
- a centralized hydraulic source in the aircraft's hydraulic system supplies hydraulic oil to each of these hydraulic actuators.
- variable displacement pump changes the discharge flow rate according to the flow rate of hydraulic oil required to operate each hydraulic actuator. If the variable displacement pump is a pump with a mechanical compensator that automatically changes the pump capacity according to the discharge pressure, for example, the hydraulic system can be simplified.
- a hydraulic system using a constant-speed electric motor and a variable displacement pump has the problem that once the pump capacity reaches its maximum capacity, the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump cannot be increased any further. In other words, this hydraulic system has a narrow range of flow rate control.
- the technology disclosed here realizes an electric hydraulic system with a wide range of flow control.
- the present disclosure relates to a hydraulic system.
- a variable displacement pump connected to at least one hydraulic device via a supply passage and supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic device through the supply passage; an electric motor coupled to the variable displacement pump and configured to drive the variable displacement pump; a controller electrically connected to the electric motor and configured to control operation of the variable displacement pump through output of a control signal to the electric motor; a sensor that outputs a measurement signal related to a supply flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic device to the controller;
- the variable displacement pump has a mechanical compensator that changes the pump displacement by receiving the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply passage, Based on the measurement signal of the sensor, the controller outputs a control signal to increase the rotational speed of the electric motor when the supply flow rate falls below the flow rate required by the hydraulic equipment, and outputs a control signal to decrease the rotational speed of the electric motor when the supply flow rate exceeds the flow rate required by the hydraulic equipment.
- a hydraulic system is a system that supplies hydraulic oil to hydraulic equipment.
- the hydraulic equipment is a hydraulic actuator and/or a hydraulic motor.
- the hydraulic system includes a variable displacement pump and an electric motor.
- the variable displacement pump may be, for example, a variable displacement swash plate pump.
- the variable displacement pump may be, for example, a variable displacement bent axis pump.
- the variable displacement pump may be, for example, a variable displacement vane pump.
- the variable displacement pump has a mechanical compensator.
- the compensator changes the pump displacement depending on the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply line.
- the pump displacement of the variable displacement pump is automatically changed by the compensator, and the controller does not change the pump displacement of the variable displacement pump, simplifying the hydraulic system.
- the electric motor may be, for example, a servo motor.
- the controller may be a servo controller.
- the controller controls the operation of the variable displacement pump, more specifically, the rotational speed, through control of the electric motor.
- the sensor outputs a measurement signal related to the supply flow rate of hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic equipment.
- the sensor may be, for example, a pressure sensor that is installed in the supply line and measures the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply line.
- the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply line is related to the supply flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic equipment. When the supply flow rate to the hydraulic equipment falls below the flow rate required by the hydraulic equipment, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply line drops.
- the controller can determine whether the supply flow rate to the hydraulic equipment is below the flow rate required by the hydraulic equipment.
- the sensor is not limited to a pressure sensor.
- the compensator changes the pump displacement depending on the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply line. Even if the controller does not control the speed of the variable displacement pump, the variable displacement pump can discharge hydraulic oil so as to satisfy the flow rate required by the hydraulic equipment.
- the hydraulic system described above is an electrically operated hydraulic system with a simple configuration that includes a variable displacement pump with a mechanical compensator, yet it is possible to widen the flow rate control range.
- the controller sets the rotation speed of the electric motor to a low first speed in a low flow rate region where the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump is low, and sets the rotation speed of the electric motor to a speed higher than the first speed in a high flow rate region where the discharge flow rate is higher than the low flow rate region, and increases the rotation speed of the electric motor to a speed higher than the first speed as the required flow rate increases;
- the pump displacement of the variable displacement pump may be increased by the compensator as the required flow rate increases in the low flow rate range, and may be maximum in the high flow rate range.
- the rotational speed of the electric motor is a low first speed, so the hydraulic system can reduce power consumption.
- the first speed is adjusted to a rotational speed that is highly efficient in the electric motor and/or the variable displacement pump, the hydraulic system can achieve further power savings.
- the first speed may or may not be constant.
- the compensator adjusts the pump capacity, so the variable displacement pump can meet the required flow even if the rotational speeds of the electric motor and the variable displacement pump are constant.
- the rotational speed of the electric motor and the variable displacement pump is low, which prevents the variable displacement pump from continuing to operate at high speed. This prevents the variable displacement pump from wearing out, which extends the life of the variable displacement pump.
- the pump capacity of the variable displacement pump is maximum. In other words, the pump capacity is constant. Meanwhile, the controller increases the rotation speed of the electric motor as the required flow rate increases. Because the rotation speed of the variable displacement pump is higher than the first speed, the variable displacement pump can meet the required flow rate.
- the controller may be configured to continuously increase the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump over the entire range from the low flow rate range to the high flow rate range.
- This hydraulic system can continuously change the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump over a wide flow rate range by combining changing the pump capacity of the variable displacement pump with changing the rotational speed of the electric motor.
- the hydraulic equipment may include flight control actuators and takeoff and landing actuators in an aircraft.
- Flight control actuators may include, for example, aileron actuators, elevator actuators, and/or rudder actuators.
- the flow rate of hydraulic fluid required to operate these flight control actuators is relatively low.
- the takeoff and landing actuators include, for example, a gear actuator that raises and lowers the landing struts, a door actuator that opens and closes the hangar door, and/or a down lock release actuator that releases the down lock mechanism that secures the landing struts in the lowered position.
- the takeoff and landing actuators may also include a flap actuator and/or a slat actuator. Since these takeoff and landing actuators have a large stroke, they require a relatively high flow rate of hydraulic oil for their operation.
- the hydraulic system described above is suitable for electric hydraulic systems for aircraft, including flight control actuators and takeoff and landing actuators, because the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump can be changed over a wide range from low to high flow rates.
- the controller while the flight of the aircraft is in progress while the flight control actuators are moving and the takeoff and landing actuators are not moving, the rotational speed of the electric motor is set to a low first speed;
- the rotational speed of the electric motor may be made higher than the first speed and increased as the required flow rate increases.
- the flight control actuators When the aircraft is in flight, the flight control actuators operate and the takeoff and landing actuators do not operate. As described above, the flow rate required by the flight control actuators is low. Furthermore, the flight control actuators operate for long periods of time while the aircraft is in flight. While the aircraft is in flight, the controller sets the rotational speed of the electric motor to a low first speed. By changing the pump capacity of the variable displacement pump, the variable displacement pump can satisfy the flow rate required by the flight control actuators during flight. Furthermore, since the rotational speed of the electric motor is low for a long period of time, this is advantageous for saving power in the hydraulic system.
- the takeoff and landing actuators When an aircraft takes off or lands, the takeoff and landing actuators operate in addition to the flight control actuators. As described above, the required flow rate of the takeoff and landing actuators is high. In addition, the takeoff and landing actuators operate temporarily during takeoff and landing.
- the controller increases the rotational speed of the electric motor as the required flow rate increases. By making the rotational speed of the variable displacement pump higher than the first speed, the variable displacement pump can meet the flow rate required for the operation of the flight control actuators and/or the takeoff and landing actuators. Although the rotational speed of the electric motor increases, the operation of the takeoff and landing actuators is temporary, so power consumption of the hydraulic system is suppressed. In addition, since the high-speed operation of the variable displacement pump does not continue for long, it is advantageous for extending the life of the variable displacement pump.
- the aircraft hydraulic system can operate both the flight control actuators and the takeoff and landing actuators appropriately while simultaneously reducing power consumption and extending the life of the system.
- the present disclosure relates to a method for controlling a hydraulic system, comprising: a variable displacement pump connected to at least one hydraulic device via a supply passage and supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic device through the supply passage, the variable displacement pump having a mechanical compensator that changes a pump displacement by receiving a pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply passage; an electric motor coupled to the variable displacement pump and configured to drive the variable displacement pump; a controller electrically connected to the electric motor and configured to control operation of the variable displacement pump through output of a control signal to the electric motor;
- the hydraulic device further includes a sensor that outputs a measurement signal related to the flow rate of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic device to the controller.
- the method for controlling a hydraulic system includes: In a low flow rate region where the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump is low, the controller sets the rotational speed of the electric motor to a low first speed, and the variable displacement pump increases the pump displacement by the compensator as the required flow rate of the hydraulic device increases; In a high flow rate range where the discharge flow rate is higher than the low flow rate range, the variable displacement pump maximizes the pump capacity by the compensator, and the controller increases the rotational speed of the electric motor faster than the first speed and as the required flow rate increases based on the measurement signal of the sensor.
- This control method makes it possible to widen the flow control range in a simply configured electric hydraulic system equipped with a variable displacement pump with a mechanical compensator.
- the above-mentioned hydraulic system and hydraulic system control method make it possible to widen the flow rate control range by using a simple electric hydraulic system equipped with a variable displacement pump with a mechanical compensator.
- FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic system.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example of an arrangement of hydraulic actuators on an aircraft.
- FIG. 3 shows changes in the discharge flow rate of the variable displacement pump, changes in the rotation speed of the variable displacement pump, and changes in the pump displacement of the variable displacement pump relative to the required flow rate of the hydraulic actuator.
- FIG. 4 shows a control procedure for the electric motor executed by the controller.
- FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic system 1.
- the hydraulic system 1 is a system mounted on an aircraft 2 shown in FIG. 2.
- the hydraulic system 1 is a system for supplying hydraulic oil to each of a plurality of hydraulic devices.
- the hydraulic devices to which the hydraulic system 1 disclosed herein supplies hydraulic oil include an aileron actuator 21, an elevator actuator 22, a rudder actuator 23, a flap actuator 24, a slat actuator 25, and a landing gear extension actuator 26.
- the landing gear extension actuator 26 includes, for example, a gear actuator, a door actuator, and/or a down lock release actuator.
- the gear actuator is an actuator that raises and lowers the landing gear strut.
- the door actuator is an actuator that opens and closes the door of a storage room that stores the landing gear.
- the down lock release actuator is an actuator that releases a down lock mechanism that fixes the landing gear strut in a lowered state.
- the aircraft 2 has multiple hydraulic actuators for each of the aileron actuator 21, elevator actuator 22, rudder actuator 23, flap actuator 24, slat actuator 25, and landing gear extension/retraction actuator 26.
- each of the aileron actuator 21, elevator actuator 22, rudder actuator 23, flap actuator 24, slat actuator 25, and landing gear extension/retraction actuator 26 includes these multiple hydraulic actuators.
- the hydraulic system 1 may also supply hydraulic oil to some of these hydraulic actuators 21-26.
- the hydraulic system 1 may also supply hydraulic oil to hydraulic equipment other than these hydraulic actuators 21-26.
- the hydraulic actuators 21-26 are, for example, telescopic actuators having a cylinder and a piston.
- the aileron actuator 21, elevator actuator 22, and rudder actuator 23 are flight control actuators 21-23 that operate while the aircraft 2 is in flight and during takeoff and landing. While the strokes of the flight control actuators 21-23 are relatively short, they operate continuously for long periods of time while the aircraft 2 is in flight. The flow rate of hydraulic oil required to operate the flight control actuators 21-23 is relatively low.
- the flap actuator 24, the slat actuator 25, and the landing gear retraction actuator 26 are actuators that operate when the aircraft 2 takes off and lands.
- the flap actuator 24 and the slat actuator 25 have a medium stroke, and operate temporarily when the aircraft 2 takes off and lands.
- the landing gear retraction actuator 26 has a relatively long stroke, and operates temporarily when the aircraft 2 takes off and lands.
- the flap actuator 24, the slat actuator 25, and the landing gear retraction actuator 26 may be collectively referred to as the takeoff and landing actuators 24 to 26.
- the flow rate of hydraulic oil required to operate the takeoff and landing actuators 24 to 26 is relatively high.
- the hydraulic system 1 includes a pump 3.
- the pump 3 is a variable displacement pump.
- the pump 3 may be, for example, a swash plate type pump as shown in FIG. 1.
- the pump 3 may also be a bent axis type pump.
- the pump 3 may also be a vane pump.
- a known variable displacement pump may be appropriately adopted as the pump 3 of the hydraulic system 1.
- the discharge port of the pump 3 is connected to a supply line 41.
- the supply line 41 is connected to each of the hydraulic actuators 21 to 26.
- Each of the hydraulic actuators 21 to 26 is in parallel with the pump 3.
- the pump 3 supplies hydraulic oil individually to each of the aileron actuator 21, elevator actuator 22, rudder actuator 23, flap actuator 24, slat actuator 25, and landing gear extension/retraction actuator 26 via the supply line 41.
- the suction port of the pump 3 is connected to the return path 42.
- the return path 42 connects the pump 3 to each of the hydraulic actuators 21 to 26.
- the return path 42 is connected to a tank 43.
- the tank 43 is a reservoir that stores hydraulic oil.
- the hydraulic actuators 21-26, the pump 3, the supply path 41, the return path 42, and the tank 43 form the hydraulic circuit 10 of the hydraulic system 1 (see the arrows in Figure 1).
- the pump 3 has a mechanical compensator 31.
- a control path 44 is connected to the compensator 31.
- the control path 44 is connected to the supply path 41.
- the compensator 31 receives the pressure of the hydraulic oil discharged by the pump 3 through the control path 44 and changes the angle of the swash plate.
- the mechanical compensator 31 automatically changes the pump capacity of the pump 3 according to the discharge pressure of the pump 3. More specifically, if the supply flow rate to the hydraulic actuators 21-26 falls below the required flow rate of the hydraulic actuators 21-26, causing the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply path 41 to decrease, the compensator 31 changes the angle of the swash plate so that the pump capacity of the pump 3 increases. This increases the discharge flow rate of the pump 3 and satisfies the supply flow rate to the hydraulic actuators 21-26.
- An electric motor 5 is connected to the pump 3.
- the electric motor 5 drives the pump 3.
- the electric motor 5 may be, for example, a servo motor.
- a controller 6 is electrically connected to the electric motor 5.
- a pressure sensor 61 is also electrically connected to the controller 6.
- the pressure sensor 61 is provided in the supply path 41.
- the pressure sensor 61 outputs a measurement signal corresponding to the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply path 41 to the controller 6.
- the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the supply path 41 is related to the supply flow rate to the hydraulic actuators 21-26 and the required flow rate of the hydraulic actuators 21-26.
- the controller 6 is further connected to a higher-level controller.
- the higher-level controller is, for example, a flight controller.
- the controller 6 receives a signal regarding the required flow rate output by the higher-level controller.
- the required flow rate is the flow rate of hydraulic oil required for the flight control actuators 21-23 and/or the takeoff and landing actuators 24-26 to operate.
- the higher-level controller transmits a signal regarding the required flow rate to the controller 6 so that the flight control actuators 21-23 and/or the takeoff and landing actuators 24-26 operate in response to the operation by the pilot of the aircraft 2 and/or in response to the flight conditions of the aircraft 2.
- the controller 6 outputs a control signal to the electric motor 5 according to the measurement signal of the pressure sensor 61 and a signal related to the required flow rate from the upper controller.
- the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 changes according to the control signal from the controller 6.
- the rotation speed of the pump 3 changes, and as a result, the discharge flow rate of the pump 3 changes.
- the sensors of the hydraulic system 1 are not limited to the pressure sensor 61.
- the hydraulic system 1 may also include multiple pumps 3 and electric motors 5 for redundancy.
- the hydraulic system 1 is configured by a combination of a variable displacement pump 3 having a mechanical compensator 31 and an electric motor 5 that changes its rotational speed in response to a control signal from a controller 6 .
- the controller 6 outputs a control signal to the electric motor 5 to increase the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 when the flow rate supplied to the hydraulic actuators 21-26 falls below the flow rate required by the hydraulic actuators 21-26 based on the required flow rate from the upper controller and the measurement signal of the pressure sensor 61.
- the controller 6 also outputs a control signal to the electric motor 5 to decrease the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 when the flow rate supplied to the hydraulic actuators 21-26 exceeds the flow rate required by the hydraulic actuators 21-26.
- the controller 6 controls the electric motor 5 so that the discharge flow rate of the pump 3 changes continuously from a low flow rate to a high flow rate.
- the controller 6 keeps the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 constant at a low first speed.
- Low speed here means a speed lower than the maximum speed of the electric motor 5.
- the low first speed may be set to a speed at which the electric motor 5 and/or the pump 3 are highly efficient.
- the controller 6 also increases the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 to a speed higher than the first speed in a high flow rate range where the discharge flow rate of the pump 3 is higher than in a low flow rate range, and as the required flow rate increases.
- the compensator 31 of the pump 3 increases the pump capacity of the pump 3 as the required flow rate increases.
- the compensator 31 also keeps the pump capacity of the pump 3 constant at maximum capacity in the high flow rate range.
- the low flow rate region described above corresponds to the time when the aircraft 2 is in flight.
- the flight control actuators i.e., the aileron actuator 21, the elevator actuator 22, and the rudder actuator 23, move.
- the takeoff and landing actuators i.e., the flap actuator 24, the slat actuator 25, and the landing gear extension/retraction actuator 26, do not move when the aircraft 2 is in flight.
- the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 is maintained at a constant low speed for a long period of time while the aircraft 2 is in flight, this is advantageous for saving power in the hydraulic system 1.
- the first speed of the electric motor 5 is set so that the electric motor 5 and/or the pump 3 operate with high efficiency, it is possible to further reduce the power consumption of the hydraulic system 1.
- the discharge flow rate of the pump 3 when the pump capacity is maximum changes, and therefore the boundary between the low flow rate region and the high flow rate region changes.
- the boundary between the low flow rate region and the high flow rate region is the limit at which the pump 3 can meet the required flow rate when the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 is at the first speed and the pump 3 is at its maximum capacity.
- the takeoff and landing actuators 24-26 require a relatively high flow rate. Therefore, even if the pump capacity is at its maximum capacity, if the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 is the low first speed, the pump 3 cannot meet the required flow rate. Therefore, the controller 6 makes the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 higher than the first speed as the required flow rate increases.
- the pump 3 can meet the flow rate required for the operation of the flight control actuators 21-23 and the takeoff and landing actuators 24-26. In this case, although the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 increases, the operation of the takeoff and landing actuators 24-26 is temporary, so power consumption of the hydraulic system 1 is suppressed.
- FIG. 4 shows the control procedure of the hydraulic system 1 executed by the controller 6.
- the controller 6 reads a signal from the upper controller and a measurement signal from the pressure sensor 61.
- the controller 6 judges whether the discharge flow rate of the pump 3 is in the low flow rate range. Note that instead of the judgment in step S42, the controller 6 may judge whether the aircraft 2 is in flight or not (whether it is not taking off or landing or not).
- step S43 the controller 6 keeps the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 constant at the first speed.
- step S44 the controller 6 changes the rotation speed of the electric motor 5 according to the required flow rate.
- the first speed is constant, but the first speed does not necessarily have to be constant.
- hydraulic system disclosed herein is not limited to an aircraft hydraulic system for controlling the flight control actuators 21-23 and takeoff and landing actuators 24-26 described above.
- the hydraulic system disclosed herein can also be applied to hydraulic systems for various industrial machines.
- hydraulic equipment to which hydraulic systems supply hydraulic oil includes hydraulic motors as well as hydraulic actuators.
- Hydraulic system 21 Aileron actuator (hydraulic equipment) 22 Elevator actuators (hydraulic equipment) 23 Rudder actuator (hydraulic equipment) 24 Flap actuator (hydraulic equipment) 25 Slat actuator (hydraulic equipment) 26 Landing gear retraction actuator (hydraulic equipment) 3 Pump (variable displacement pump) 31 Compensator 41 Supply path 5 Electric motor 6 Controller 61 Sensor (pressure sensor)
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Abstract
Description
供給路を介して少なくとも一の油圧機器に接続されかつ、前記供給路を通じて前記油圧機器へ作動油を供給する可変容量ポンプと、
前記可変容量ポンプに連結されかつ、前記可変容量ポンプを駆動する電気モータと、
前記電気モータに電気的に接続されかつ、前記電気モータへの制御信号の出力を通じて前記可変容量ポンプの運転を制御するコントローラーと、
前記油圧機器へ供給される作動油の供給流量に関係する計測信号を、前記コントローラーへ出力するセンサと、を備え、
前記可変容量ポンプは、前記供給路における作動油の圧力を受けることによりポンプ容量を変更する機械式のコンペンセーターを有し、
前記コントローラーは、前記センサの計測信号に基づいて、前記供給流量が、前記油圧機器の必要流量を下回る場合に、前記電気モータの回転速度を高める制御信号を出力し、前記供給流量が、前記油圧機器の必要流量を上回る場合に、前記電気モータの回転速度を下げる制御信号を出力する。
前記可変容量ポンプのポンプ容量は、前記低流量域において、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い前記コンペンセーターによって大きくなり、前記高流量域において、最大である、としてもよい。
前記フライトコントロールアクチュエータが動きかつ、前記離着陸用アクチュエータが動かない前記航空機の飛行中は、前記電気モータの回転速度を低速の第1速度にし、
前記フライトコントロールアクチュエータ、及び、前記離着陸用アクチュエータが動く前記航空機の離着陸時は、前記電気モータの回転速度を前記第1速度よりも高速でかつ、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い高くする、としてもよい。
供給路を介して少なくとも一の油圧機器に接続されかつ、前記供給路を通じて前記油圧機器へ作動油を供給する可変容量ポンプであって、前記供給路における作動油の圧力を受けることによりポンプ容量を変更する機械式のコンペンセーターを有する可変容量ポンプと、
前記可変容量ポンプに連結されかつ、前記可変容量ポンプを駆動する電気モータと、
前記電気モータに電気的に接続されかつ、前記電気モータへの制御信号の出力を通じて前記可変容量ポンプの運転を制御するコントローラーと、
前記油圧機器へ供給される作動油の供給流量に関係する計測信号を、前記コントローラーへ出力するセンサと、を備える。
前記可変容量ポンプの吐出流量が低い低流量域において、前記コントローラーが、前記電気モータの回転速度を低速の第1速度にしかつ、前記可変容量ポンプが、前記コンペンセーターによって、前記油圧機器の必要流量が高くなるに従い前記ポンプ容量を大きくし、
前記低流量域よりも前記吐出流量が高い高流量域において、前記可変容量ポンプが、前記コンペンセーターによって、前記ポンプ容量を最大にしかつ、前記コントローラーが、前記センサの計測信号に基づいて、前記電気モータの回転速度を前記第1速度よりも高速でかつ、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い高くする。
図1は、油圧システム1を示している。油圧システム1は、図2に示す航空機2に搭載されるシステムである。油圧システム1は、複数の油圧機器のそれぞれへ、作動油を供給するためのシステムである。ここに開示する油圧システム1が作動油を供給する油圧機器には、図2に示すように、エルロン用アクチュエータ21、エレベータ用アクチュエータ22、ラダー用アクチュエータ23、フラップ用アクチュエータ24、スラット用アクチュエータ25、及び、脚揚降用アクチュエータ26が含まれる。脚揚降用アクチュエータ26には、例えばギヤアクチュエータ、ドアアクチュエータ、及び/又は、ダウンロックリリースアクチュエータが含まれる。ギヤアクチュエータは、着陸装置の脚柱を揚降するアクチュエータである。ドアアクチュエータは、着陸装置を格納する格納室のドアを開閉するアクチュエータである。ダウンロックリリースアクチュエータは、脚柱を降ろした状態で固定するダウンロック機構を解除するアクチュエータである。
油圧システム1は、機械式のコンペンセーター31を有する可変容量のポンプ3と、コントローラー6からの制御信号に応じて回転速度を変更する電気モータ5との組み合わせによって構成されている。
21 エルロン用アクチュエータ(油圧機器)
22 エレベータ用アクチュエータ(油圧機器)
23 ラダー用アクチュエータ(油圧機器)
24 フラップ用アクチュエータ(油圧機器)
25 スラット用アクチュエータ(油圧機器)
26 脚揚降用アクチュエータ(油圧機器)
3 ポンプ(可変容量ポンプ)
31 コンペンセーター
41 供給路
5 電気モータ
6 コントローラー
61 センサ(圧力センサ)
Claims (6)
- 供給路を介して少なくとも一の油圧機器に接続されかつ、前記供給路を通じて前記油圧機器へ作動油を供給する可変容量ポンプと、
前記可変容量ポンプに連結されかつ、前記可変容量ポンプを駆動する電気モータと、
前記電気モータに電気的に接続されかつ、前記電気モータへの制御信号の出力を通じて前記可変容量ポンプの運転を制御するコントローラーと、
前記油圧機器へ供給される作動油の供給流量に関係する計測信号を、前記コントローラーへ出力するセンサと、を備え、
前記可変容量ポンプは、前記供給路における作動油の圧力を受けることによりポンプ容量を変更する機械式のコンペンセーターを有し、
前記コントローラーは、前記センサの計測信号に基づいて、前記供給流量が、前記油圧機器の必要流量を下回る場合に、前記電気モータの回転速度を高める制御信号を出力し、前記供給流量が、前記油圧機器の必要流量を上回る場合に、前記電気モータの回転速度を下げる制御信号を出力する、油圧システム。 - 請求項1に記載の油圧システムにおいて、
前記コントローラーは、前記可変容量ポンプの吐出流量が低い低流量域において、前記電気モータの回転速度を低速の第1速度にし、前記低流量域よりも前記吐出流量が高い高流量域において、前記電気モータの回転速度を前記第1速度よりも高速でかつ、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い高くし、
前記可変容量ポンプのポンプ容量は、前記低流量域において、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い前記コンペンセーターによって大きくなり、前記高流量域において、最大である、油圧システム。 - 請求項2に記載の油圧システムにおいて、
前記コントローラーは、前記可変容量ポンプの吐出流量を、前記低流量域から前記高流量域までの全域にわたって、連続的に高める、油圧システム。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の油圧システムにおいて、
前記油圧機器は、航空機における、フライトコントロールアクチュエータと、離着陸用アクチュエータとを含んでいる、油圧システム。 - 請求項4に記載の油圧システムにおいて、
前記コントローラーは、
前記フライトコントロールアクチュエータが動きかつ、前記離着陸用アクチュエータが動かない前記航空機の飛行中は、前記電気モータの回転速度を低速の第1速度にし、
前記フライトコントロールアクチュエータ、及び、前記離着陸用アクチュエータが動く前記航空機の離着陸時は、前記電気モータの回転速度を前記第1速度よりも高速でかつ、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い高くする、油圧システム。 - 油圧システムの制御方法であって、
前記油圧システムは、
供給路を介して少なくとも一の油圧機器に接続されかつ、前記供給路を通じて前記油圧機器へ作動油を供給する可変容量ポンプであって、前記供給路における作動油の圧力を受けることによりポンプ容量を変更する機械式のコンペンセーターを有する可変容量ポンプと、
前記可変容量ポンプに連結されかつ、前記可変容量ポンプを駆動する電気モータと、
前記電気モータに電気的に接続されかつ、前記電気モータへの制御信号の出力を通じて前記可変容量ポンプの運転を制御するコントローラーと、
前記油圧機器へ供給される作動油の供給流量に関係する計測信号を、前記コントローラーへ出力するセンサと、を備え、
前記可変容量ポンプの吐出流量が低い低流量域において、前記コントローラーが、前記電気モータの回転速度を低速の第1速度にしかつ、前記可変容量ポンプが、前記コンペンセーターによって、前記油圧機器の必要流量が高くなるに従い前記ポンプ容量を大きくし、
前記低流量域よりも前記吐出流量が高い高流量域において、前記可変容量ポンプが、前記コンペンセーターによって、前記ポンプ容量を最大にしかつ、前記コントローラーが、前記センサの計測信号に基づいて、前記電気モータの回転速度を前記第1速度よりも高速でかつ、前記必要流量が高くなるに従い高くする、油圧システムの制御方法。
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| JP5143619B2 (ja) | 2008-04-21 | 2013-02-13 | 油研工業株式会社 | 可変容量型ポンプ |
| CN104214082A (zh) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种基于dsp的机载智能泵源系统的控制器 |
| JP2019183944A (ja) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-24 | Nachi Fujikoshi Corp | インバータ駆動液圧装置 |
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| US11306713B2 (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2022-04-19 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Hydraulic pump with speed and pressure compensation |
| CN114687975A (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-01 | 钟彪 | 一种变量紧凑型电液一体机 |
| CN115111210A (zh) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-27 | 博世力士乐(北京)液压有限公司 | 电机泵、液压系统、机械设备 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5143619B2 (ja) | 2008-04-21 | 2013-02-13 | 油研工業株式会社 | 可変容量型ポンプ |
| CN104214082A (zh) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种基于dsp的机载智能泵源系统的控制器 |
| JP2019183944A (ja) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-10-24 | Nachi Fujikoshi Corp | インバータ駆動液圧装置 |
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