WO2024230119A1 - 电池及具有其的用电装置 - Google Patents

电池及具有其的用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024230119A1
WO2024230119A1 PCT/CN2023/132383 CN2023132383W WO2024230119A1 WO 2024230119 A1 WO2024230119 A1 WO 2024230119A1 CN 2023132383 W CN2023132383 W CN 2023132383W WO 2024230119 A1 WO2024230119 A1 WO 2024230119A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
battery
battery cells
box body
side wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/132383
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海族
赖晖
韩丰胜
李婷
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP23936423.5A priority Critical patent/EP4611119A4/en
Publication of WO2024230119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024230119A1/zh
Priority to US19/212,755 priority patent/US20250279498A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and specifically relates to a battery and an electrical device having the same.
  • a battery generally includes a housing and battery cells disposed in the housing.
  • the battery cells may experience an unexpected temperature rise. If the heat generated when the temperature rises exceeds the speed of heat dissipation to the environment and the temperature continues to rise, when a certain critical temperature is reached, especially when the collapse temperature of the battery diaphragm is reached, the battery cell will break down and cause thermal runaway. In existing batteries, when one of the battery cells experiences thermal runaway, it is easy to cause heat diffusion of the entire battery, ultimately causing a battery safety accident and reducing the safety of battery use.
  • the first aspect of the present application proposes a battery that can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion to ensure the safety of battery use.
  • the battery comprises: a casing; a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells being arranged in the casing, each of the battery cells being provided with a plurality of side walls, the plurality of side walls comprising a first side wall and a second side wall, the first side wall and the second side wall being connected, the first side wall being the side wall with the largest area of the battery cell; a heat conductive member, the heat conductive member being arranged in the casing, and at least a portion of the second side walls of the battery cells being thermally connected to the casing through the heat conductive member.
  • the heat generated by the battery cell can be directly transferred to the casing by using the heat conductive member, thereby preventing a large amount of heat from being transferred to adjacent battery cells when thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells, so that the battery meets the requirement of no heat diffusion, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.
  • the heat conducting member is thermally connected to different side walls of the box body to increase the contact between the heat conducting member and the box body. area, further ensuring that the heat conductor can effectively transfer the heat from the battery cell to the box body, ensuring that the battery can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • a first heat-conducting adhesive layer is provided between the heat-conducting member and the box body, so as to achieve a fixed connection between the heat-conducting member and the box body and ensure that the heat-conducting member can effectively transfer the heat on the battery cell to the box body.
  • the box body is provided with multiple rows of battery cells, each row of the battery cells includes multiple battery cells arranged along a first direction, and in the first direction, the heat conductive member is provided between the second side wall of at least one row of the battery cells and the box body, so as to ensure that heat from at least one row of battery cells can be directly transferred to the box body when thermal runaway occurs, so as to prevent the battery cells in this row from transferring a large amount of heat to the battery cells in the adjacent rows, so as to prevent heat diffusion.
  • At least two rows of battery cells are staggered in the first direction so that the first side walls of the battery cells in adjacent rows that are arranged opposite to each other are staggered in the first direction, thereby reducing the contact area between the two battery cells in adjacent rows that are arranged opposite to each other, thereby reducing the heat transfer between the two battery cells that are arranged opposite to each other, preventing heat diffusion, and ensuring that the battery can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • the orthographic projections of the first side walls of the battery cells in adjacent rows of staggered arrangement in the second direction have non-overlapping portions, and the non-overlapping portions are in thermally insulating contact with the heat conductive member.
  • the thermally insulating contact is used to further reduce heat transfer between two battery cells arranged opposite to each other, ensuring that the battery can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • the heat conducting member includes a stacked heat conducting layer and a heat insulating layer, the heat conducting layer is heat conductively connected to the second side wall, and the heat insulating layer is in contact with the non-overlapping portion.
  • the heat conducting layer is heat conductively connected to the second side wall to achieve the purpose of directly transferring the heat generated by the battery cell to the box body by using the heat conducting member, and avoid a large amount of heat being directly transferred to the adjacent battery cell;
  • the heat insulating layer is in contact with the non-overlapping portion to achieve heat insulation coordination between the battery cells arranged opposite to each other, reduce the probability of heat transfer between the two battery cells arranged opposite to each other, and further avoid a large amount of heat being transferred to other battery cells when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, so that the battery meets the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • a second heat-conducting adhesive layer is provided between the heat-conducting layer and the second opposite side wall. While achieving a fixed connection between the heat-conducting member and the battery cell, it can also ensure that the heat on the battery cell can be effectively transferred to the heat-conducting member, thereby facilitating the use of the heat-conducting member to transfer the heat on the battery cell to the box body to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.
  • the thickness of the heat-conducting layer is greater than the thickness of the heat-insulating layer, so as to ensure the heat-conducting performance of the heat-conducting member and ensure that the heat generated by the battery cell in thermal runaway can be effectively transferred to the box body by the heat-conducting member.
  • the thickness ratio of the heat insulating layer to the heat conducting layer is not greater than 1/2, so as to further ensure the thermal conductivity of the heat conducting member and ensure that the heat generated by the battery cell in thermal runaway can be effectively transferred to the box body by the heat conducting member.
  • the thermal conductor fills a gap between the battery cell and an inner wall of the box.
  • the heat conductive member can be effectively arranged between the battery cell and the housing, so as to transfer the heat from the battery cell to the housing by means of the heat conductive member, and at the same time, the heat conductive member can also be used to improve the position stability between the battery cell and the housing.
  • the heat conductive member is configured to be deformable to buffer stress, that is, the heat conductive member has a buffering effect, so that the heat conductive member can be used to protect the battery, improve the battery's ability to resist extrusion and impact, and thus extend the battery's service life.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, including a battery, wherein the battery is the battery described in the above embodiment, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the battery described in the above embodiment is adopted to improve the safety of the electrical device and extend the service life of the electrical device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a partial enlarged view of area I in FIG2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat conducting member according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 10A battery unit; 10, battery cell; 11, side wall; 111, first side wall; 112, second side wall;
  • X first direction
  • Y second direction
  • Z third direction
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, and “attached” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • Battery 200 is not only used in energy storage power supply systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields.
  • the battery 200 generally includes a housing 30, a battery cell 10 and other structures.
  • the battery cell 10 may experience an unexpected temperature rise due to overheating, short circuit, overcharging, self-heating or mechanical collision. If the heat generated during the temperature rise exceeds the heat dissipation capacity to be dissipated to the environment, the battery cell 10 may be heated to a temperature greater than the room temperature. The temperature continues to rise at a speed of , when the continuously rising temperature reaches a certain critical temperature, especially when it reaches the breakdown temperature of the battery 200 separator, the battery cell 10 will break down and cause thermal runaway.
  • the applicant has noticed that in the existing battery 200, when one of the battery cells 10 of the battery 200 undergoes thermal runaway, the heat will be quickly transferred to the adjacent battery cell 10, thereby triggering thermal diffusion of the entire battery 200, resulting in low safety of use of the battery 200 and shortening the service life of the battery 200.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 200 that can reduce the rapid thermal diffusion of heat between adjacent battery cells 10.
  • the specific solution is to set a heat conductive member 40 in the box body 30, and thermally connect the second side wall 112 of at least a portion of the battery cell 10 to the box body 30 through the heat conductive member 40.
  • the heat conductive member 40 can be used to directly transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30, thereby avoiding that a large amount of heat is directly transferred to the adjacent battery cell 10 when thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells 10, that is, avoiding a large amount of heat from being rapidly transferred between adjacent battery cells 10, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 200 and extending the service life of the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, an electric device 1000 such as a vehicle, a ship, or an aircraft.
  • a power system comprising the battery 200 disclosed in the present application and the like can be used to form the electric device 1000, which is conducive to improving the safety of the power system in the electric device 1000 and can increase the service life of the power system.
  • a battery 200 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .
  • the battery 200 includes: a housing 30 , a plurality of battery cells 10 , and a heat conducting member 40 .
  • a plurality of battery cells 10 are disposed in a box body 30 , so as to support and protect the battery cells 10 by using the box body 30 , extend the service life of the battery cells 10 and improve the position stability of the battery cells 10 .
  • a receiving cavity is formed in the box body 30 , and the plurality of battery cells 10 are disposed in the receiving cavity, so that the plurality of battery cells 10 can be disposed in the box body 30 .
  • each battery cell 10 is provided with a plurality of side walls 11, and the plurality of side walls 11 include a first side wall 111 and a second side wall 112, the first side wall 111 and the second side wall 112 are connected, and the first side wall 111 is the side wall with the largest area of the battery cell 10. It can also be understood here that each battery cell 10 includes a first side wall 111 and a second side wall 112 connected to each other, and the area of the second side wall 112 is smaller than the area of the first side wall 111, so that the first side wall 111 is formed as the side wall with the largest area of the battery cell 10.
  • the heat conducting member 40 is disposed in the box body 30, and the second side wall 112 of at least a portion of the battery cells 10 is heat-conductingly connected to the box body 30 through the heat conducting member 40. That is, at least a portion of the battery cells 10 is heat-conductingly connected to the box body 30 through the heat conducting member 40, so that at least a portion of the battery cells 10 are fixedly connected to the box body 30.
  • the heat conducting member 40 can be used to transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30, thereby preventing the energy released by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 in the battery 200 from being completely transferred to the adjacent battery cell 10, thereby preventing thermal runaway from occurring between adjacent battery cells 10 and improving the safety of the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 of the present application is provided with a heat conductive member 40 in the box body 30, and the second side wall 112 of at least a portion of the battery cells 10 is thermally connected to the box body 30 through the heat conductive member 40, so as to realize a fixed connection between at least a portion of the battery cells 10 and the box body 30, so that at least a portion of the battery cells 10 can be stably arranged in the box body 30, thereby improving the position stability of at least a portion of the battery cells 10, that is, improving the structural stability of the battery 200, and ensuring the working performance of the battery 200.
  • the heat conductive member 40 can be used to promptly transfer the heat generated on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30, so as to avoid a large amount of heat on the battery cell 10 being directly transferred between two adjacent battery cells 10, thereby avoiding thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells 10, so that the battery 200 meets the requirement of no heat diffusion, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 200.
  • the heat generated by the battery cell 10 during operation can be directly discharged through the box body 30 to enhance the heat dissipation and cooling effect of the battery cell 10 .
  • the present application provides a heat conducting member 40 that realizes a thermal connection between at least a portion of the battery cells 10 and the housing 30 , thereby avoiding thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells 10 and improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery cells 10 to reduce the possibility of thermal runaway of the battery cells 10 .
  • the present application thermally connects the second side wall 112 of at least a portion of the battery cell 10 to the box body 30 through the heat conductive member 40, so that the heat on the battery cell 10 can be transferred to the box body 30 in a timely manner, thereby avoiding a large amount of heat from being directly transferred between two adjacent battery cells 10, that is, avoiding thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells 10, so that the battery 200 meets the requirement of no heat diffusion, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 200.
  • the heat conductive member 40 is heat conductively connected to different side walls of the box body 30.
  • the box body 30 has multiple different side walls, and the heat conductive member 40 is heat conductively connected to different side walls of the box body 30 at the same time to increase the contact area between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30, thereby ensuring that the heat conductive member 40 can effectively transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30, so that the battery 200 meets the requirement of no heat diffusion, and the safety of the battery 200 is improved.
  • the connection strength between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30 can be guaranteed, so that the box body 30 can be used to support the heat conductive member 40 and improve the structural stability of the heat conductive member 40, thereby ensuring that the heat conductive member 40 can effectively transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30.
  • the box body 30 has a bottom wall and an end wall connected to the bottom wall, and the bottom wall and the end wall cooperate to enclose A housing cavity is formed, and multiple battery cells 10 and heat conductive members 40 are arranged in the housing cavity, and the heat conductive member 40 is thermally connected to the bottom wall and the end wall of the box body 30 at the same time, so as to realize thermal connection between the heat conductive member 40 and different side walls of the box body 30, thereby ensuring that when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 10, the heat conductive member 40 can transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the end wall and the bottom wall of the box body 30 in time.
  • the extended height dimension of the heat conductive member 40 in the third direction Z is adapted to the extended height dimension of the box body 30 in the third direction Z.
  • the third direction Z mentioned here can be understood as the Z direction shown in FIG. 1 , that is, the height direction of the box body 30 .
  • a first thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30.
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive layer is used to achieve a thermally conductive connection between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30, thereby ensuring that the heat conductive member 40 can transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30 in a timely manner, that is, the heat on the battery cell 10 can be transferred to the box body 30 in a timely manner by using the first thermally conductive adhesive layer, so that the battery cell 10 that has thermal runaway can be cooled in a timely manner.
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive layer can also be used to achieve a fixed connection between the heat conductive component 40 and the box body 30, so that the position of the heat conductive component 40 relative to the box body 30 is stable, which is convenient for improving the working performance of the heat conductive component 40.
  • a first thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the end wall and the bottom wall of the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30, so that the heat conductive member 40 can be thermally connected to different side walls of the box body 30. While ensuring the heat conduction effect between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30, the connection strength between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30 can also be improved.
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive layer is made of acrylic acid, thermally conductive silicone, etc., which can ensure that the first thermally conductive adhesive layer has a thermal conductive effect and can effectively fix the heat conductive component 40 and the box body 30.
  • the thickness of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer ranges from 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • the thickness of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer is less than 2 mm, the thermal conductivity and bonding effects of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer will be reduced; when the thickness of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer is greater than 5 mm, on the one hand, the manufacturing cost of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer will increase, and on the other hand, the occupied space of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer will increase.
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive layer is disposed in the box body 30, the occupied space of the battery 200 will increase.
  • the present application sets the thickness range of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer to 2mm to 5mm. While ensuring the thermal conductivity and bonding effects of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer, it can also reduce the manufacturing cost of the first thermally conductive adhesive layer, reduce the space occupied by the first thermally conductive adhesive layer, and reduce the difficulty of assembling the first thermally conductive adhesive layer.
  • the thickness of the first thermal conductive adhesive layer may be 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm.
  • a second heat conductive adhesive layer is provided between the heat conductive member 40 and the opposite second side wall 112. That is to say, a heat conductive adhesive layer is provided not only between the heat conductive member 40 and the box body 30, but also between the heat conductive member 40 and the opposite second side wall 112.
  • the second heat conductive adhesive layer is used to achieve heat conductive connection between the heat conductive member 40 and the battery cell 10, thereby ensuring The heat on the battery cell 10 can be transferred to the heat conductive member 40 in time, and then the heat conductive member 40 is used to transfer the received heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30, so as to achieve the purpose of transferring the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30 in time, so that the battery cell 10 that produces thermal runaway can be cooled in time and the heat diffusion is avoided.
  • the material, thickness, etc. of the second thermal conductive adhesive layer may refer to those of the first thermal conductive adhesive layer, and will not be described in detail here.
  • a plurality of rows of battery cells 10A are provided in the box 30, each row of battery cells 10A includes a plurality of battery cells 10, and the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged along a first direction X.
  • a heat conducting member 40 is provided between the second side wall 112 of at least one row of battery cells 10A and the box 30.
  • the first direction X mentioned here can be understood as the X direction shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
  • each row of battery cells 10A includes a plurality of battery cells 10 arranged along the length direction of the box 30.
  • the space inside the box 30 can be reasonably utilized to ensure that the battery 200 can include multiple battery cells 10, which is convenient for increasing the capacity of the battery 200. At the same time, it can also reduce the difficulty of connecting multiple battery cells 10 and reduce the difficulty of connecting multiple rows of battery cells 10A, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 10A.
  • a heat conductor 40 is provided between the second side wall 112 of at least one row of battery cells 10A and the box body 30, so as to utilize the heat conductor 40 to transfer the heat on at least one row of battery cells 10A to the box body 30, thereby avoiding a large amount of heat diffusion between adjacent rows of battery cells 10A, thereby avoiding direct heat transfer between adjacent rows of battery cells 10, so as to prevent heat diffusion from occurring, and enable the battery 200 to meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • a heat conducting member 40 is provided between the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 at the end of a row of battery cells 10A and the box body 30. That is, in a row of battery cells 10A, the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 at the end of the battery cell 10A is connected to the box body 30 through the heat conducting member 40, so as to transfer the heat on the battery cell 10A to the box body 30.
  • a heat conductor 40 is provided between the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 at the end of each row of battery cells 10A and the box body 30. That is to say, the end of each row of battery cells 10A is thermally connected to the box body 30 through the heat conductor 40 to ensure that the heat on each row of battery cells 10A can be transferred to the box body 30 in a timely manner, thereby improving the safety of the battery 200.
  • the heat conducting member 40 is disposed between the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 and the box body 30, In this way, the pre-tightening force between the battery cell 10 and the box body 30 can be used to fix the heat conductive member 40 to improve the position stability of the heat conductive member 40, ensure that the heat conductive member 40 can transfer heat, and also improve the structural stability of the battery 200.
  • the thickness of the heat conductor 40 is equal to the distance between the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 and the box body 30, wherein the thickness of the heat conductor 40 mentioned here can be understood as the dimension of the heat conductor 40 extending along the first direction X.
  • the heat conductor 40 is arranged between the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 and the box body 30, and the heat conductor 40 can be fixed by utilizing the pre-tightening force between the battery cell 10 and the box body 30, thereby improving the position stability of the heat conductor 40.
  • At least two rows of battery cells 10A are staggered in a first direction X so that the first side walls 111 of the battery cells 10 disposed oppositely in adjacent rows are staggered in the first direction X.
  • At least two rows of battery cells 10A are staggered in a length direction of the box body 30 so that the first side walls 111 of the battery cells 10 disposed oppositely in adjacent rows are staggered in the first direction X, which can reduce the contact area between the two battery cells 10 disposed oppositely in adjacent rows, thereby reducing the heat transfer between the two battery cells 10 disposed oppositely, that is, to avoid that when one of the battery cells 10 has thermal runaway, the heat on the battery cell 10 is completely transferred to the battery cell 10 disposed oppositely thereto, so as to prevent heat diffusion from occurring, and ensure that the battery 200 can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • one of the battery cells 10 can be arranged opposite two battery cells 10, so as to transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to different battery cells 10, thereby achieving the purpose of dispersing the heat and avoiding excessive heat being transferred to one battery cell 10 and causing thermal runaway of the battery cell 10, thereby improving the safety of the battery cell 10.
  • multiple rows of battery cells 10A are provided in the box body 30, and every two adjacent rows of battery cells 10A are staggered in the first direction X, so that the first side walls 111 of the relatively arranged battery cells 10 in adjacent rows are staggered in the first direction X, thereby avoiding heat diffusion between adjacent rows of battery cells 10A and improving the safety of the battery cells 10.
  • the contact area between two relatively arranged battery cells 10 is 1/3 to 1/2 of the area of the first side wall 111. This ensures that when thermal runaway occurs in one of the battery cells 10, the temperature transferred to the adjacent battery cell 10 is reduced by half, thereby reducing the heat transfer between the adjacent battery cells 10, avoiding heat diffusion, and ensuring that the battery 200 can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • the orthographic projections of the first side walls 111 of the adjacent rows of battery cells 10 arranged in a staggered manner in the second direction Y have non-overlapping portions 20, and the non-overlapping portions 20 are in thermally insulating contact with the heat conducting member 40.
  • the second direction Y mentioned here can be understood as the Y direction shown in FIG.
  • the orthographic projection of the first side walls 111 of the adjacent rows of battery cells 10 arranged in the misaligned manner in the second direction Y has a non-overlapping portion 20, and the non-overlapping portion 20 is insulated from the heat conductive member 40 to avoid direct heat transfer between the battery cells 10, that is, the heat conductive member 40 is used to prevent heat diffusion between the battery cells 10, thereby ensuring the insulation effect between the battery cells 10, thereby ensuring that the battery 200 can meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • non-overlapping portion 20 can be understood as the portion where the first side wall 111 of the battery cell 10 is not in contact with the battery cell 10 disposed oppositely.
  • the heat conducting member 40 of the present application can achieve not only a heat conducting effect but also a heat insulating effect, thereby ensuring that the heat on the battery cells 10 can be effectively transferred to the box body 30 while preventing the heat from being transferred between the battery cells 10 .
  • the present application can also avoid excessive increase in the volume of the battery 200 due to the provision of the heat conductive member 40, thereby reducing the occupied area of the battery 200 and reducing the difficulty of laying out the battery 200.
  • opposite sides of the heat conductive member 40 are in heat-insulating contact with the two non-overlapping portions 20, respectively, and the width of the heat conductive member 40 facing the non-overlapping portions 20 is equal to the distance between the two non-overlapping portions 20.
  • the width of the heat conductive member 40 facing the non-overlapping portions 20 mentioned here can be understood as the dimension of the heat conductive member 40 extending along the second direction Y, so as to achieve the nesting of the heat conductive member 40 facing the non-overlapping portions 20 between the two battery cells 10, so as to facilitate the use of the pre-tightening force between the two battery cells 10 to fix the heat conductive member 40, so as to improve the position stability of the heat conductive member 40.
  • the height of the heat conductive member 40 facing the non-overlapping portion 20 is equal to the height of the battery cell 10 , so as to increase the contact area between the heat conductive member 40 and the battery cell 10 and improve the heat insulation effect of the heat conductive member 40 .
  • the battery 200 when the orthographic projections of the first side walls 111 of adjacent rows of staggered battery cells 10 in the second direction Y have non-overlapping portions 20, the battery 200 also includes a monitor arranged opposite the non-overlapping portions 20, and the monitor is used to monitor the performance of the battery cells 10 during operation and improve the safety of the battery cells 10.
  • the present application can also provide installation space for the setting of other structural parts (such as monitors) by reasonably setting the positions between adjacent rows of battery cells 10, ensuring that the monitor can be set in the box 30 to monitor the performance of the battery cells 10 during operation, while also avoiding increasing the occupied space of the battery 200 due to the setting of the monitor.
  • other structural parts such as monitors
  • the present application places some of the non-overlapping parts 20 in thermally insulated contact with the heat conductive member 40, and the monitor is arranged opposite to the other non-overlapping parts 20, so as to achieve rational use of the space in the box body 30. While avoiding heat diffusion between the two relatively arranged battery cells 10, it is also convenient to monitor the performance of the battery cells 10 during operation.
  • the monitor includes an air pressure sensor box, a gas analysis sensor box and a lithium precipitation monitoring instrument box.
  • the monitor is used to monitor the positive and negative voltages and explosion-proof valve positions of each row of battery cells 10 respectively, so as to monitor the performance and changes of each battery cell 10 in detail and ensure the safety of the battery cells 10 .
  • the sizes of the air pressure sensor box, the gas analysis sensor box and the lithium plating monitoring instrument box all match the distance between the two non-overlapping parts 20, so that the monitor can be fixed by the pre-tightening force between the two battery cells 10, thereby improving the positional stability of the monitor and reducing the fixed connection of the monitor.
  • the monitor is disposed between two battery cells 10 and is welded to the box body 30 to further fix the monitor and improve the position stability of the monitor.
  • a buffer pad is provided between the monitor and the battery cell 10, and the buffer pad is wrapped and combined with the battery cell 10, so that when the battery 200 is squeezed, the buffer pad can be triggered in time to provide buffering protection for the battery cell 10, thereby reducing the impact of external squeezing force on the battery cell 10 and extending the service life of the battery cell 10.
  • the buffer pad may be a rubber buffer pad or a polyurethane buffer pad, so that the buffer pad has a buffering effect.
  • the monitor can also obtain a squeeze value.
  • the control system of the battery 200 will actively disconnect the high-voltage protection device to improve the safety of the battery 200.
  • the heat conductive member 40 includes a heat conductive layer 41 and a heat insulating layer 42, which are stacked, and the heat conductive layer 41 is heat conductively connected to the second side wall 112, and the heat insulating layer 42 is in contact with the non-overlapping portion 20.
  • the heat conductive member 40 is heat conductively connected to the battery cell 10, and the heat conductive member 40 is in contact with the non-overlapping portion 20, ensuring that the heat conductive member 40 can achieve not only a heat conductive effect, but also a heat insulating effect, so that the heat on the battery cell 10 can be effectively transferred to the box body 30, while the heat can be prevented from being transferred between the battery cells 10, thereby improving the safety of the battery 200.
  • the heat conductive layer 41 when the heat conductive layer 41 is heat conductively connected to the second side wall 112, the heat conductive part 40 can be heat conductively connected to the battery cell 10.
  • the heat conductive layer 41 can be used to directly transfer the heat generated by the battery cell 10 to the box body 30 to avoid heat transfer to adjacent battery cells 10, so as to improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery cell 10 and avoid heat transfer between battery cells 10, so that the battery 200 meets the requirement of no heat diffusion;
  • the heat insulating layer 42 when the heat insulating layer 42 is in contact with the non-overlapping part 20 to achieve heat insulating coordination between the heat conductive part 40 and the non-overlapping part 20, heat insulating coordination between the battery cells 10 arranged opposite to each other is achieved, the probability of heat transfer between the two battery cells 10 arranged opposite to each other is reduced, and the heat transfer to other battery cells 10 when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 10 is further avoided, so that the battery 200 meets the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • the heat conductive layer 41 is heat conductively connected to the second side wall 112 and the heat conductive layer 41 is heat conductively connected to the box body 30 , so that the heat conductive layer 41 is used to achieve heat conductive connection between the second side wall 112 and the box body 30 .
  • the heat-conducting layer 41 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, and its thermal conductivity is greater than 1.2 W/m ⁇ K, so that the heat-conducting layer 41 can effectively absorb the thermal runaway heat of the battery cell 10 and transfer it to the box body 30 .
  • the heat-conducting layer 41 can be made of materials with a relatively large thermal conductivity coefficient, such as a heat-conducting phase change material, a heat-conducting graphite sheet, a heat-conducting metal sheet, a heat-conducting adhesive, and a heat-conducting filler.
  • a heat-conducting phase change material such as a heat-conducting graphite sheet, a heat-conducting metal sheet, a heat-conducting adhesive, and a heat-conducting filler.
  • the thermal insulation layer 42 is made of a low thermal conductivity material, and its thermal conductivity is less than 0.1 W/m ⁇ K, to ensure that the thermal insulation layer 42 can prevent heat diffusion between the battery cells 10 on opposite sides of the thermal insulation layer 42, avoid thermal runaway between adjacent battery cells 10, and thus enable the battery 200 to meet the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • the thermal insulation layer 42 may be formed as an aerogel thermal insulation pad, a ceramic thermal insulation pad, or the like.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 ranges from 2 mm to 4 mm.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 is less than 2 mm, the heat insulating effect of the heat insulating layer 42 will be reduced; when the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 is greater than 4 mm, on the one hand, the manufacturing cost of the heat insulating layer 42 will be increased, and on the other hand, since the thickness of the heat conductive element 40 is constant, when the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 is thicker, the subsequent thickness of the heat conductive layer 41 will be reduced accordingly, thereby reducing the heat conductive performance of the heat conductive element 40.
  • the present application sets the thickness range of the thermal insulation layer 42 to 2 mm to 4 mm, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the thermal insulation layer 42 and ensure the thermal conductivity of the heat conductive element 40 while ensuring the thermal insulation effect of the thermal insulation layer 42 .
  • the thickness of the heat insulation layer 42 may be 2 mm, 3 mm, or 4 mm.
  • a second thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the thermally conductive layer 41 and the opposite second side wall 112. That is, when the thermally conductive member 40 includes the thermally conductive layer 41, the second thermally conductive adhesive layer is provided between the thermally conductive layer 41 and the opposite second side wall 112 to achieve a thermally conductive connection between the thermally conductive layer 41 and the opposite second side wall 112, that is, to achieve a fixed connection between the thermally conductive member 40 and the battery cell 10, so as to ensure that the heat on the battery cell 10 can be effectively transferred to the thermally conductive member 40, so as to facilitate the use of the thermally conductive member 40 to transfer the heat on the battery cell 10 to the box body 30, achieve the purpose of heat dissipation, and avoid heat transfer between the battery cells 10, so that the battery 200 meets the requirement of no heat diffusion.
  • the thickness of the heat conductive layer 41 is greater than the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 , so as to ensure the heat conductive performance of the heat conductive member 40 , thereby facilitating the use of the heat conductive member 40 to transfer the heat generated by the battery cell 10 when thermal runaway occurs to the box body 30 in a timely manner.
  • the thickness ratio of the heat insulating layer 42 to the thickness ratio of the heat conducting layer 41 is not greater than 1/2.
  • the thickness ratio of the heat insulating layer 42 to the thickness ratio of the heat conducting layer 41 is less than or equal to 1/2, so as to further ensure that the thickness of the heat conducting layer 41 is greater than the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42, and the thickness of the heat conducting layer 41 is at least twice the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42, so as to ensure the thermal conductivity of the heat conducting element 40, and ensure that the heat generated by the battery cell 10 in the event of thermal runaway can be effectively transferred to the box body 30 by the heat conducting element 40, and then the box body 30 is used to conduct the heat away, thereby improving the safety of the battery 200.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 to the thickness of the heat conducting layer 41 is equal to 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, etc.
  • the heat conductive member 40 fills the gap between the battery cell 10 and the inner wall of the box 30 , so as to ensure that the battery cell 10 can be thermally connected to the box 30 through the heat conductive member 40 , thereby improving the safety of the battery 200 .
  • the above arrangement can also avoid increasing the volume of the battery 200 due to the arrangement of the heat conducting member 40 , that is, avoid increasing the space occupied by the battery 200 and reduce the difficulty of installing the battery 200 .
  • the relative position of the battery cell 10 and the box 30 can be limited by the heat conductive member 40 to prevent the battery cell 10 from shaking in the box 30, thereby improving the position stability of the battery cell 10, that is, improving the structural stability of the battery 200.
  • the present application fills the thermal conductive member 40 in the gap between the battery cell 10 and the inner wall of the case 30.
  • the thermal conductive member 40 can be effectively arranged between the battery cell 10 and the case 30, so that the heat on the battery cell 10 can be transferred to the case 30 by using the thermal conductive member 40.
  • the thermal conductive member 40 can also be used to improve the position stability between the battery cell 10 and the case 30.
  • the heat conducting member 40 is configured to be deformable to buffer stress. In other words, the heat conducting member 40 is configured to have a buffering effect, so that the heat conducting member 40 can be used to protect the battery 200 to improve the battery 200's ability to resist compression and impact, thereby extending the battery 200's service life.
  • the thermal conductive layer 41 and the thermal insulation layer 42 of the thermal conductive element 40 are both made of deformable materials, such as the thermal conductive layer 41 is made of thermal conductive glue, and the thermal insulation layer 42 is made of aerogel. In this way, while ensuring that the thermal conductive element 40 has thermal conductivity and thermal insulation functions, the thermal conductive element 40 can also be deformed under the action of external force, so that the thermal conductive element 40 can be used to protect the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 includes a housing 30 , a battery cell 10A, and a heat conducting member 40 .
  • each row of battery cells 10A includes a plurality of battery cells 10, and the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged along a first direction X, and each battery cell 10 is provided with four side walls 11, the four side walls 11 include a first side wall 111 and a second side wall 112, the first side wall 111 and the second side wall 112 are connected, and the first side wall 111 is the side wall with the largest area of the battery cell 10.
  • two adjacent rows of battery cells 10A are staggered in a first direction X so that the first side walls 111 of the battery cells 10 disposed opposite to each other in adjacent rows are staggered in the first direction X, thereby causing the orthographic projections of the first side walls 111 of the battery cells 10 in adjacent rows in the second direction Y to have non-overlapping portions 20 .
  • the heat conductor 40 is arranged in the box body 30 and is constructed to be deformable to buffer stress.
  • the heat conductor 40 includes a heat conducting layer 41 and a heat insulating layer 42.
  • the heat conducting layer 41 and the heat insulating layer 42 are stacked and the thickness of the heat insulating layer 42 is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the heat conducting layer 41.
  • the heat conductive member 40 is located between the second side wall 112 of each row of battery cells 10A and the box body 30, so that the heat conductive layer 41 of the heat conductive member 40 is thermally connected to the second side wall 112 of the battery cell 10 at the end of each row of battery cells 10A, and the heat insulating layer 42 is in thermal insulating contact with the non-overlapping portion 20.
  • a first thermally conductive adhesive layer is disposed between the thermally conductive layer 41 and the bottom wall and side wall of the box body 30.
  • a second thermal conductive adhesive layer is disposed between the opposite second side walls 112 .
  • the power-consuming device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application includes the battery 200 of the above embodiment, and the battery 200 is used to provide electrical energy.
  • the electrical device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application also has the above technical effects, that is, by adopting the battery 200 of the present application, the safety of the electrical device 1000 can be improved and the service life of the electrical device 1000 can be extended.
  • the second embodiment of the present application provides an electric device 1000 using a battery 200 as a power source
  • the electric device 1000 may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a vehicle, a ship, a spacecraft, etc.
  • the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc.
  • the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram when the power-consuming device 1000 is a vehicle.
  • the vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle.
  • the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 200 is provided inside the vehicle, and the battery 200 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 here can be used to power the vehicle, for example, the battery 200 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle, and the vehicle can also include a controller 300 and a motor 400, and the controller 300 is used to control the battery 200 to power the motor 400, for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle during driving.
  • the battery 200 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电池(200)及用电装置(1000)，电池包括箱体(30)、设于箱体内的多个电池单体(10)和导热件(40)，每个电池单体设有多个侧壁(110)，多个侧壁包括相连的第一侧壁(111)和第二侧壁(112)，第一侧壁为电池单体面积最大的侧壁，至少一部分电池单体的第二侧壁通过导热件与箱体导热连接。

Description

电池及具有其的用电装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202321086507.4、申请日为2023年05月08日的中国专利申请“电池及具有其的用电装置”提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请属于电池技术领域，具体是一种电池及具有其的用电装置。
背景技术
电池，一般包括箱体和设在箱体内的电池单体。
其中，对于电池单体来说，由于存在过热、短路、过充、自热或机械碰撞的情况，使得电池单体可能会出现不期望的温度升高，如果该温度在升高时产生的热量超过了向环境中散热的速度且温度持续上升，此时当达到某一临界温度时，特别是达到电池隔膜的崩溃温度时，电池单体会击穿而导致热失控，且在现有电池中，当其中一个电池单体发生热失控时，容易引发整个电池热扩散，最终引发电池的安全事故，降低电池的使用安全性。
因此，亟需一种能够满足无热扩散要求的电池。
发明内容
为此，本申请第一方面提出一种电池，可满足无热扩散要求，以保证电池的使用安全性。
根据本申请实施例的电池，包括：箱体；多个电池单体，所述多个电池单体设于所述箱体内，每个所述电池单体设有多个侧壁，所述多个侧壁包括第一侧壁和第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁相连，所述第一侧壁为所述电池单体面积最大的侧壁；导热件，所述导热件设于所述箱体内，至少一部分所述电池单体的所述第二侧壁通过所述导热件与所述箱体导热连接。
根据本申请实施例的电池，通过将至少一部分电池单体的第二侧壁通过导热件与箱体导热连接，这样即可利用导热件直接将电池单体产生的热量传递至箱体，从而避免当其中一个电池单体发生热失控时，大量热量传递至相邻电池单体上，使得电池满足无热扩散的要求，从而提升电池的安全性能。
可选地，所述导热件与所述箱体的不同侧壁导热连接。以增加导热件与箱体的接触 面积，进一步确保导热件能够有效将电池单体上的热量传递至箱体上，确保电池能够满足无热扩散要求。
在一些实施例中，所述导热件与所述箱体之间设有第一导热胶层。在实现导热件与箱体固定连接的同时，还可确保导热件能够有效将电池单体上的热量传递至箱体。
在一些实施例中，所述箱体内设有多排电池单元，每排所述电池单元包括多个沿第一方向排布设置的所述电池单体，在所述第一方向上，至少一排所述电池单元的所述第二侧壁和所述箱体之间设有所述导热件。以确保至少一排电池单体在发生热失控时热量能够直接传递至箱体，避免该排电池单体将大量热量传递至相邻排的电池单体上，以达到阻止产生热扩散的目的。
在一些实施例中，至少两排所述电池单元在所述第一方向错位设置以使得相邻排的相对设置的所述电池单体的所述第一侧壁在所述第一方向错位。从而减小相邻排的相对设置的两个电池单体之间的接触面积，这样即可减小相对设置的两个电池单体之间热传递，实现阻止产生热扩散，确保电池能够满足无热扩散要求。
在一些实施例中，错位设置的相邻排的所述电池单体的所述第一侧壁在第二方向上的正投影具有不重合部分，所述不重合部分与所述导热件隔热接触。隔热接触用于进一步减小相对设置的两个电池单体之间热传递，确保电池能够满足无热扩散要求。
在一些实施例中，所述导热件包括层叠设置的导热层和隔热层，所述导热层与所述第二侧壁导热连接，所述隔热层与所述不重合部分接触。其中，将导热层与第二侧壁导热连接，以达到利用导热件直接将电池单体产生的热量传递至箱体的目的，避免大量热量直接传递至相邻电池单体上；将隔热层与不重合部分接触，以实现正对设置的电池单体之间的隔热配合，降低正对设置的两个电池单体之间进行热传递概率，进一步避免电池单体发生热失控时的大量热量传递至其他电池单体上，使得电池满足无热扩散的要求。
在一些实施例中，所述导热层与相对的所述第二侧壁之间设有第二导热胶层。在实现导热件与电池单体固定连接的同时，还可确保电池单体上的热量能够有效传递至导热件上，从而便于实现利用导热件将电池单体上的热量传递至箱体，达到散热目的。
在一些实施例中，所述导热层的厚度大于所述隔热层的厚度。以保证导热件的导热性能，确保利用导热件能够有效将电池单体在发生热失控时产生的热量传递至箱体上。
在一些实施例中，所述隔热层的厚度和所述导热层的厚度比不大于1/2。以进一步保证导热件的导热性能，确保利用导热件能够有效将电池单体在发生热失控时产生的热量传递至箱体上。
在一些实施例中，所述导热件填充于所述电池单体和所述箱体的内壁之间的间隙。 在确保不能增加电池体积的前提下，导热件能够有效设在电池单体与箱体之间，以利用导热件将电池单体上的热量传递至箱体，同时还可利用导热件提升电池单体与箱体之间的位置稳定性。
在一些实施例中，所述导热件被构造成可变形以缓冲应力。也就是导热件具有缓冲作用，这样可利用导热件对电池进行保护，提升电池的耐挤压、耐冲击能力，从而延长电池的使用寿命。
第二方面，本申请提供一种用电装置，包括电池，所述电池为上述实施例所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，通过采用上述实施例所述的电池，以提升用电装置的使用安全性，并延长用电装置的使用寿命。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为根据本申请一些实施例的电池的示意图。
图2为根据本申请一些实施例的电池的俯视图。
图3为图2中区域Ⅰ的局部放大图。
图4为根据本申请一些实施例的导热件的示意图。
图5为根据本申请一些实施例的用电装置的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1000、用电装置；200、电池；300、控制器；400、马达；
10A、电池单元；10、电池单体；11、侧壁；111、第一侧壁；112、第二侧壁；
20、不重合部分；
30、箱体；
40、导热件；41、导热层；42、隔热层；
X、第一方向；Y、第二方向；Z、第三方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中 的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，电池200的应用越加广泛。电池200不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。
随着电池200应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
其中，电池200一般包括箱体30、电池单体10等结构，在电池200工作过程中，电池单体10由于会产生过热、短路、过充、自热或机械碰撞等情况，可能会导致电池单体10出现不期望的温度升高，如果该温度在升高时产生的热量超出了向环境中散热 的速度且温度持续上升，当持续升高的温度达到某一临界温度时，特别是达到电池200隔膜的崩溃温度时，电池单体10会击穿而导致热失控。
其中，本申请人注意到，在现有电池200中，当电池200的其中一个电池单体10发生热失控时，热量会迅速传递至相邻电池单体10上，以此引发整个电池200的热扩散，导致电池200的使用安全性低，并缩短电池200的使用寿命。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种可以减少热量在相邻电池单体10之间进行迅速热扩散的电池200，具体方案是在箱体30内设置导热件40，并将至少一部分电池单体10的第二侧壁112通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，这样在电池单体10发生热失控时，即可利用导热件40直接将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30，从而避免当其中一个电池单体10发生热失控时，大量热量直接传递至相邻电池单体10上，也就是避免大量热量在相邻电池单体10之间进行迅速传递，以提升电池200的安全性能，并延长电池200的使用寿命。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例公开的电池200可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置1000中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池200等组成该用电装置1000的电源系统，这样，有利于提升用电装置1000中的电源系统的使用安全性，并可提升电源系统的使用寿命。
下面参考图1-图4描述根据本申请实施例的电池200。
如图1和图2所示，本申请实施例的电池200包括：箱体30、多个电池单体10和导热件40。
其中，如图1和图2所示，多个电池单体10设于箱体30内。以便于利用箱体30支撑、保护电池单体10，延长电池单体10的使用寿命并提高电池单体10的位置稳定性。
在一些示例中，箱体30内形成容纳腔，多个电池单体10均设在容纳腔内，以实现将多个电池单体10设在箱体30内。
结合图2和图3所示，每个电池单体10设有多个侧壁11，多个侧壁11包括第一侧壁111和第二侧壁112，第一侧壁111和第二侧壁112相连，第一侧壁111为电池单体10面积最大的侧壁。这里也可以理解为，每个电池单体10均包括相互连接的第一侧壁111和第二侧壁112，第二侧壁112的面积小于第一侧壁111的面积，以使第一侧壁111形成为电池单体10面积最大的侧壁。
结合图2和图3所示，导热件40设于箱体30内，至少一部分电池单体10的第二侧壁112通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接。也就是至少一部分电池单体10通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，这样在实现将至少一部分电池单体10与箱体30固定连接的 同时，还可便于利用导热件40将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30上，从而避免电池200中电池单体10热失控所释放的能量全部传递到相邻电池单体10上，以此阻止相邻电池单体10之间发生热失控，提升电池200的使用安全性。
由上述结构可知，本申请的电池200，在箱体30内设置导热件40，并将至少一部分电池单体10的第二侧壁112通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，以实现至少一部分电池单体10与箱体30的固定连接，使得至少一部分电池单体10能够稳定设在箱体30内，从而提升至少一部分电池单体10的位置稳定性，也就是提升电池200的结构稳定性，保证电池200的工作性能。
同时，因至少一部分电池单体10的第二侧壁112通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，这样在电池单体10发生热失控时，能够利用导热件40及时将电池单体10上产生的热量传递至箱体30，以避免电池单体10上的大量热量直接在相邻两个电池单体10之间传递，从而避免相邻电池单体10之间发生热失控，以此使得电池200满足无热扩散的要求，从而提升电池200的安全性能。
此外，通过将至少一部分电池单体10的第二侧壁112通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，还可使得电池单体10在工作过程中产生的热量能够通过箱体30直接导出，以提升电池单体10的散热、冷却效果。
也就是说，本申请通过设置实现至少一部分电池单体10与箱体30导热连接的导热件40，在避免相邻电池单体10之间发生热失控的同时，还可提升电池单体10的散热效果，以降低电池单体10发生热失控的可能性。
可以理解的是，相比于现有技术，本申请将至少一部分电池单体10的第二侧壁112通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，以使得电池单体10上的热量能够及时传递至箱体30，从而避免大量的热量直接在相邻两个电池单体10之间传递，也就是避免相邻电池单体10之间发生热失控，使得电池200满足无热扩散的要求，提升电池200的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，导热件40与箱体30的不同侧壁导热连接。这里是指，箱体30具有多个不同侧壁，导热件40同时与箱体30的不同侧壁导热连接，以增加导热件40与箱体30的接触面积，从而保证导热件40能够有效将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30上，使得电池200满足无热扩散要求，提升电池200的使用安全性。
此外，将导热件40与箱体30的不同侧壁导热连接后，还可保证导热件40与箱体30的连接强度，以便于利用箱体30支撑导热件40，提升导热件40的结构稳定性，从而确保导热件40能够有效将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30。
在一些示例中，箱体30具有底壁以及与底壁相连接的端壁，底壁和端壁配合围合 成容纳腔，多个电池单体10和导热件40均设在容纳腔内，且导热件40同时与箱体30的底壁以及端壁导热连接，以实现导热件40与箱体30的不同侧壁导热连接，从而确保当电池单体10发生热失控时，导热件40能够及时将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30的端壁和底壁。
可选地，导热件40在第三方向Z上的延伸高度尺寸与箱体30在第三方向Z上的延伸的高度尺寸相适配。其中，这里所说的第三方向Z可以理解为是图1中所示出的Z方向，也就是箱体30的高度方向，通过上述设置，当导热件40与箱体30的端壁进行导热连接后，可进一步增加导热件40与箱体30的接触面积，使得电池单体10上的热量能够及时传递至箱体30上，避免热量在电池单体10之间发生扩散。
在一些实施例中，导热件40与箱体30之间设有第一导热胶层。第一导热胶层用于实现导热件40与箱体30的导热连接，从而确保导热件40能够及时将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30，也就是利用第一导热胶层能够及时将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30，使得产生热失控的电池单体10能够及时得到散热。
同时，通过在导热件40与箱体30之间设置第一导热胶层，还可利用第一导热胶层实现导热件40与箱体30的固定连接，使得导热件40相对于箱体30位置稳定，便于提高导热件40的工作性能。
在具体的示例中，导热件40与箱体30的端壁与底壁之间均设有第一导热胶层，以使得导热件40能够与箱体30的不同侧壁进行导热连接，在保证导热件40与箱体30之间导热效果的同时，还可提高导热件40与箱体30的连接强度。
可选地，第一导热胶层为丙烯酸、导热硅胶等，在保证第一导热胶层具有导热效果的同时，还可确保第一导热胶层能够有效进行导热件40与箱体30的固定连接。
可选地，第一导热胶层的厚度取值范围为2mm～5mm。其中，当第一导热胶层的厚度小于2mm时，会降低第一导热胶层的导热效果以及粘接效果；当第一导热胶层的厚度大于5mm时，一方面会增加第一导热胶层的制造成本，另一方面还会增加第一导热胶层的占用空间，这样将第一导热胶层设在箱体30内时，会增加电池200的占用空间。
因此，本申请将第一导热胶层的厚度取值范围设置成2mm～5mm，在保证第一导热胶层的导热效果和粘结效果的同时，还可降低第一导热胶层的制造成本以及减小第一导热胶层的占用空间，降低第一导热胶层的装配难度。
在具体的示例中，第一导热胶层的厚度可为2mm、3mm、4mm或5mm等。
可选地，导热件40与相对的第二侧壁112之间设有第二导热胶层。也就是说，不仅在导热件40与箱体30之间设置导热胶层，在导热件40与相对的第二侧壁112之间也设置导热胶层，第二导热胶层用于实现导热件40与电池单体10的导热连接，从而确 保电池单体10上的热量能够及时传递至导热件40，随后再利用导热件40将接收到的电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30，达到将电池单体10上的热量及时传递至箱体30上的目的，使得产生热失控的电池单体10能够及时得到散热，并避免热量扩散。
其中，第二导热胶层的材质、厚度等可参见第一导热胶层，此处不做赘述。
在一些实施例中，如图1和图2所示，箱体30内设有多排电池单元10A，每排电池单元10A包括多个电池单体10，多个电池单体10沿第一方向X排布设置，在第一方向X上，至少一排电池单元10A的第二侧壁112和箱体30之间设有导热件40。其中，这里所说的第一方向X可以理解为是图1和图2中所示出的X方向，也就是箱体30的长度方向，也就是说，本申请的箱体30内设有多排电池单元10A，且每排电池单元10A均包括多个沿箱体30的长度方向排布设置的电池单体10。
通过上述设置，以实现合理利用箱体30内的空间，以确保电池200能够包括多个电池单体10，便于提升电池200的容量，同时还可降低多个电池单体10之间的连接难度以及降低多排电池单元10A之间的连接难度，进而实现提高电池单元10A的装配效率。
同时，将至少一排电池单元10A的第二侧壁112和箱体30之间设有导热件40，以便于利用导热件40将至少一排电池单元10A上的热量传递至箱体30，避免热量在相邻排的电池单元10A之间大量扩散，从而避免相邻排的电池单体10直接进行热传递，以实现阻止产生热扩散，使得电池200满足无热扩散的要求。
在一些示例中，位于一排电池单元10A端部的电池单体10的第二侧壁112与箱体30之间设有导热件40。也就是说，在一排电池单元10A中，位于电池单元10A端部的电池单体10的第二侧壁112与箱体30之间通过导热件40连接，以便于将电池单元10A上的热量传递箱体30。
通过上述设置，当电池单元10A发生热失控时，热量可在电池单元10A中的相邻电池单体10之间传递且传递至位于电池单元10A端部的电池单体10上，当热量传递至端部的电池单体10上后，热量再通过导热件40将热量传递至箱体30上，以达到利用导热件40将电池单元10A上的热量传递至箱体30上的目的，避免热量在相邻电池单元10A之间传递，从而避免热量在箱体30内扩散。
在具体的示例中，如图1和图2所示，每排电池单元10A端部的电池单体10的第二侧壁112和箱体30之间均设有导热件40，也就是说，每排电池单元10A的端部均通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，以确保每排电池单元10A上的热量均可及时传递至箱体30上，提升电池200的使用安全性。
还需要说明的是，因导热件40设在电池单体10的第二侧壁112与箱体30之间， 这样即可利用电池单体10与箱体30之间的预紧力对导热件40进行固定，以提升导热件40的位置稳定性，确保利用导热件40能够传递热量，同时还可提升电池200的结构稳定性。
在一些示例中，导热件40的厚度等于电池单体10的第二侧壁112与箱体30之间的距离，其中，这里所说的导热件40的厚度可以理解为是导热件40沿第一方向X延伸的尺寸，这样将导热件40设在电池单体10的第二侧壁112与箱体30之间，即可利用电池单体10与箱体30之间的预紧力对导热件40进行固定，提升导热件40的位置稳定性。
在一些实施例中，如图1和图2所示，至少两排电池单元10A在第一方向X错位设置以使得相邻排的相对设置的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第一方向X错位。也就是说，至少两排电池单元10A在箱体30的长度方向上错位设置，以使得相邻排的相对设置的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第一方向X上错位，这样可减小相邻排的相对设置的两个电池单体10之间的接触面积，从而减小相对设置的两个电池单体10之间热传递，也就是避免当其中一个电池单体10发生热失控时，该电池单体10上的热量全部传递至与其相对设置的电池单体10上，以阻止产生热扩散，确保电池200能够满足无热扩散要求。
同时，通过上述设置还可使得在相邻的两排电池单元10A中，其中一个电池单体10能够正对两个电池单体10设置，以实现将该电池单体10上的热量传递至不同的电池单体10上，达到将热量分散的目的，避免过多热量均传递至一个电池单体10上而引起电池单体10热失控，从而提升电池单体10的使用安全性。
可选地，如图1和图2所示，箱体30内设有多排电池单元10A，每相邻两排电池单元10A均在第一方向X上错位设置，以使相邻排的相对设置的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第一方向X错位，从而避免相邻排的电池单元10A之间热扩散，提升电池单体10的使用安全性。
可选地，在相邻排的相对设置的电池单体10中，相对设置的两个电池单体10之间的接触面积为第一侧壁111面积的1/3～1/2，这样可确保在其中一个电池单体10发生热失控时传递至相邻电池单体10温度降低一半，以此降低相邻电池单体10之间的热传递，避免产生热扩散，保证电池200能够满足无热扩散要求。
在一些实施例中，结合图1、图2和图3所示，错位设置的相邻排的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第二方向Y上的正投影具有不重合部分20，不重合部分20与导热件40隔热接触。其中，这里所说的第二方向Y可以理解为是图2中所示出的Y方向，也就是箱体30的宽度方向，也就是说，当相邻排的相对设置的电池单体10的第一侧壁 111在第一方向X错位时，错位设置的相邻排的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第二方向Y上的正投影具有不重合部分20，将不重合部分20与导热件40隔热接触，以避免电池单体10之间直接进行热传递，也就是利用导热件40阻止电池单体10之间发生热扩散，保证电池单体10之间的绝缘效果，从而确保电池200能够满足无热扩散要求。
需要说明的是，上述所说的不重合部分20可以理解为是，电池单体10的第一侧壁111未与相对设置的电池单体10相接触的部分。
综上可知，本申请的导热件40不仅可实现导热效果，还可实现隔热效果，这样在确保电池单体10上的热量能够有效传递至箱体30的同时，还可避免热量在电池单体10之间传递。
此外，通过将不重合部分20与导热件40隔热接触，还可实现合理化利用箱体30内的空间来布设导热件40，以避免因导热件40的设置而过多增加电池200的体积。
也就是说，本申请在确保导热件40能够有效将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30以及避免热量在相对设置的电池单体10之间传递的同时，还可避免因设置导热件40而过多增加电池200的体积，以减小电池200的占用面积，降低电池200的布设难度。
在一些示例中，导热件40的相对两侧分别与两个不重合部分20隔热接触，且导热件40正对不重合部分20的宽度等于两个不重合部分20之间的距离。其中，这里所说的导热件40正对不重合部分20的宽度可以理解为是导热件40沿第二方向Y延伸的尺寸，以实现将正对不重合部分20的导热件40嵌套在两个电池单体10之间，这样便于利用两个电池单体10之间的预紧力固定导热件40，以提升导热件40的位置稳定性。
可选地，正对不重合部分20的导热件40的高度等于电池单体10的高度，以增加导热件40与电池单体10的接触面积，提升导热件40的隔热效果。
在其他的一些示例中，当错位设置的相邻排的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第二方向Y上的正投影具有不重合部分20时，电池200还包括正对不重合部分20设置的监控器，监控器用于监视电池单体10工作时的性能，提升电池单体10的使用安全性。
也就是说，本申请通过合理设置相邻排电池单体10之间的位置，还可为其他结构件(如：监控器)的设置提供安装空间，确保监控器能够设在箱体30内，以监视电池单体10工作时的性能，同时还可避免因监控器的设置增加电池200的占用空间。
需要说明的是，因多排电池单元10A具有多个不重合部分20，本申请将部分不重合部分20与导热件40隔热接触，监控器正对另一部分不重合部分20设置，以实现合理利用箱体30内的空间，在避免相对设置的两个电池单体10之间发生热扩散的同时，还便于监控电池单体10工作时的性能。
可选地，监控器包括气压传感器盒子、气体分析传感器盒子和析锂监测仪器盒子， 监控器用于分别监控每一排电池单体10的正负极电压以及防爆阀位置，实现细化监控到每一个电池单体10的性能和变化，保证电池单体10的使用安全性。
可选地，气压传感器盒子、气体分析传感器盒子以及析锂监测仪器盒子的尺寸大小均与两个不重合部分20之间的距离相匹配，以使得监控器能够通过两个电池单体10之间的预紧力进行固定，提升监控器的位置稳定性，并降低监控器的固定连接。
在一些示例中，监控器设在两个电池单体10之间并与箱体30进行焊接，以进一步对监控器进行固定，提升监控器的位置稳定性。
可选地，监控器与电池单体10之间设有缓冲垫，缓冲垫与电池单体10包裹结合，这样当电池200受到挤压时，能够及时触发缓冲垫对电池单体10起到缓冲保护的作用，从而降低外部挤压力对电池单体10的影响，延长电池单体10的使用寿命。
可选地，缓冲垫可为橡胶缓冲垫或聚氨酯缓冲垫，以使得缓冲垫具有缓冲效果。
在一些示例中，当电池200受到挤压时，监控器还可获取挤压值，当判断挤压值达到挤压阈值后，电池200的控制系统会主动断开高压保护器件，以提升电池200的使用安全性。
在一些实施例中，结合图3和图4所示，导热件40包括导热层41和隔热层42，导热层41和隔热层42层叠设置，导热层41与第二侧壁112导热连接，隔热层42与不重合部分20接触。进而实现导热件40与电池单体10的导热连接，以及实现导热件40与不重合部分20接触，确保导热件40不仅可实现导热效果，还可实现隔热效果，这样在使得电池单体10上的热量能够有效传递至箱体30的同时，还可避免热量在电池单体10之间传递，提升电池200的使用安全性。
具体为，当导热层41与第二侧壁112导热连接时，即可实现导热件40与电池单体10的导热连接，这样即可利用导热层41直接将电池单体10产生的热量传递至箱体30，避免热量传递至相邻电池单体10上，以提升电池单体10的散热效果，并避免热量在电池单体10之间传递，使得电池200满足无热扩散要求；当将隔热层42与不重合部分20接触，以实现导热件40与不重合部分20的隔热配合，从而实现正对设置的电池单体10之间的隔热配合，降低正对设置的两个电池单体10之间进行热传递概率，进一步避免电池单体10发生热失控时的热量传递至其他电池单体10上，使得电池200满足无热扩散的要求。
在一些示例中，导热层41与第二侧壁112导热连接且导热层41与箱体30导热连接，以利用导热层41实现第二侧壁112与箱体30的导热连接。
可选地，导热层41采用高导热系数物质制成，其导热系数大于1.2W/m·K，以使得导热层41能够有效吸收电池单体10的热失控热量并传递至箱体30。
具体地，导热层41可采用导热相变材料、导热石墨片、导热金属片、导热胶、导热填料等具有较大的导热系数的材料制成。
可选地，隔热层42采用低导热系数物质制成，其导热系数小于0.1W/m·K，以确保隔热层42能够阻止设在隔热层42相对两侧电池单体10之间发生热扩散，避免相邻电池单体10之间发生热失控，从而使得电池200满足无热扩散的要求。
具体地，隔热层42可形成为气凝胶隔热垫，陶瓷隔热垫等。
可选地，隔热层42的厚度取值范围为2mm～4mm。其中，当隔热层42的厚度小于2mm时，会降低隔热层42的隔热效果；当隔热层42的厚度大于4mm时，一方面会增加隔热层42的制造成本，另一方面因导热件40的厚度尺寸一定，当隔热层42的厚度较厚时，相应地导热层41的后续会减小，降低导热件40的导热性能。
因此，本申请将隔热层42的厚度取值范围设置成2mm～4mm，在保证隔热层42隔热效果的同时，还可降低隔热层42的制造成本以及保证导热件40的导热性能。
在具体的示例中，隔热层42的厚度可为2mm、3mm或4mm等。
在一些实施例中，导热层41与相对的第二侧壁112之间设有第二导热胶层。也就是说，当导热件40包括导热层41时，第二导热胶层设在导热层41与相对的第二侧壁112之间，以实现将导热层41与相对的第二侧壁112之间的导热连接，也就是实现导热件40与电池单体10的固定连接，这样即可确保电池单体10上的热量能够有效传递至导热件40上，从而便于实现利用导热件40将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30，达到散热目的，并避免热量在电池单体10之间传递，使得电池200满足无热扩散要求。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，导热层41的厚度大于隔热层42的厚度。以保证导热件40的导热性能，从而便于利用导热件40将电池单体10在发生热失控时产生的热量及时传递至箱体30。
在一些实施例中，隔热层42的厚度和导热层41的厚度比不大于1/2。也就是说，隔热层42的厚度和导热层41的厚度比小于或等于1/2，以进一步确保导热层41的厚度大于隔热层42的厚度，且使得导热层41的厚度至少为隔热层42厚度的2倍，以此保证导热件40的导热性能，确保利用导热件40能够有效将电池单体10在发生热失控时产生的热量传递至箱体30上，随后再利用箱体30将热量导出，提升电池200的使用安全性。
在具体的示例中，隔热层42的厚度和导热层41的厚度比等于1/2、1/3或1/4等。
在一些实施例中，如图1、图2和图3所示，导热件40填充于电池单体10和箱体30的内壁之间的间隙。以确保电池单体10能够通过导热件40与箱体30导热连接，提升电池200的使用安全性。
同时，通过上述设置还可避免因设置导热件40而增加电池200的体积，也就是避免增加电池200的占用空间，降低电池200的安装难度。
此外，将导热件40填充于电池单体10和箱体30的内壁之间的间隙还可利用导热件40限制电池单体10与箱体30的相对位置，避免电池单体10在箱体30内晃动，以提升电池单体10的位置稳定性，也就是提升电池200的结构稳定性。
综上所述，本申请将导热件40填充于电池单体10和箱体30的内壁之间的间隙，在确保不能增加电池200体积的前提下，导热件40能够有效设在电池单体10与箱体30之间，以利用导热件40将电池单体10上的热量传递至箱体30，同时还可利用导热件40提升电池单体10与箱体30之间的位置稳定性。
在一些实施例中，导热件40被构造成可变形以缓冲应力。也就是说，导热件40被构造成具有缓冲作用，这样可利用导热件40对电池200进行保护，以提升电池200的耐挤压、耐冲击能力，从而延长电池200的使用寿命。
在一些示例中，导热件40的导热层41和隔热层42均采用可变形材料制成，如：导热层41采用导热胶制成，隔热层42采用气凝胶制成，这样在确保导热件40具有导热、隔热作用的同时，还可使得导热件40在外力作用下可变形，以利用导热件40对电池200进行保护。
下面参考说明书附图详细说明本申请的电池200。
如图1和图2所示，电池200包括：箱体30、电池单元10A和导热件40。
其中，如图1和图2所示，箱体30内设有多排电池单元10A，每排电池单元10A包括多个电池单体10，多个电池单体10沿第一方向X排布设置，每个电池单体10设有四个侧壁11，四个侧壁11中包括第一侧壁111和第二侧壁112，第一侧壁111和第二侧壁112相连，第一侧壁111为电池单体10面积最大的侧壁。
如图1和图2所示，相邻两排电池单元10A在第一方向X错位设置以使得相邻排的相对设置的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第一方向X错位，进而使得相邻排的电池单体10的第一侧壁111在第二方向Y上的正投影具有不重合部分20。
结合图1、图2和图4所示，导热件40设于箱体30内并被构造成可变形以缓冲应力，导热件40包括导热层41和隔热层42，导热层41和隔热层42层叠设置且隔热层42的厚度和导热层41的厚度比小于1/2。
如图1和图2所示，导热件40位于每排电池单元10A的第二侧壁112与箱体30之间，以使导热件40的导热层41与每排电池单元10A端部的电池单体10的第二侧壁112导热连接，且隔热层42与不重合部分20隔热接触。
其中，导热层41与箱体30的底壁以及侧壁之间设有第一导热胶层，导热层41与 相对的第二侧壁112之间设有第二导热胶层。
下面参照说明书附图描述本申请第二方面实施例的用电装置1000。
如图5所示，本申请实施例的用电装置1000包括上述实施例的电池200，电池200用于提供电能。
由于本申请实施例的电池200具有上述技术效果，因此本申请实施例的用电装置1000也具备上述技术效果，即通过采用本申请的电池200，可提升用电装置1000的使用安全性，并延长用电装置1000的使用寿命。
需要说明的是，本申请第二方面实施例提供一种使用电池200作为电源的用电装置1000，用电装置1000可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、车辆、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
其中，图5示出了当用电装置1000为车辆时的示意图，需要说明的是，当用电装置1000为车辆时，车辆可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。
如图5所示，车辆的内部设置有电池200，电池200可以设置在车辆的底部、头部或尾部。这里的电池200可以用于车辆的供电，例如，电池200可以作为车辆的操作电源，车辆还可以包括控制器300和马达400，控制器300用来控制电池200为马达400供电，例如，用于车辆的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池200不仅可以作为车辆的操作电源，还可以作为车辆的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆提供驱动动力。
可以理解的是，根据本申请实施例的电池200及具有其的用电装置1000的其他构成以及操作对于本领域普通技术人员而言都是已知的，这里不再详细描述。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池，其中，包括：
    箱体；
    多排电池单元，所述多排电池单元设于所述箱体内，每排所述电池单元包括多个沿第一方向排布设置的电池单体，每个所述电池单体设有多个侧壁，所述多个侧壁包括第一侧壁和第二侧壁，所述第一侧壁和所述第二侧壁相连，所述第一侧壁为所述电池单体面积最大的侧壁，至少两排所述电池单元在所述第一方向错位设置以使得相邻排的相对设置的所述电池单体的所述第一侧壁在所述第一方向错位；
    导热件，所述导热件设于所述箱体内，在所述第一方向上，至少一排所述电池单元的所述第二侧壁和所述箱体之间设有所述导热件，以使至少一部分所述电池单体的所述第二侧壁通过所述导热件与所述箱体导热连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述导热件与所述箱体的不同侧壁导热连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池，其中，所述导热件与所述箱体之间设有第一导热胶层。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池，其中，错位设置的相邻排的所述电池单体的所述第一侧壁在第二方向上的正投影具有不重合部分，所述不重合部分与所述导热件隔热接触。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其中，所述导热件包括层叠设置的导热层和隔热层，所述导热层与所述第二侧壁导热连接，所述隔热层与所述不重合部分接触。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述导热层与相对的所述第二侧壁之间设有第二导热胶层。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池，其中，所述导热层的厚度大于所述隔热层的厚度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其中，所述隔热层的厚度和所述导热层的厚度比不大于1/2。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述导热件填充于所述电池单体和所述箱体的内壁之间的间隙。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电池，其中，所述导热件被构造成可变形以缓冲应力。
  11. 一种用电装置，其中，包括根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池，所述电池用于提供电能。
PCT/CN2023/132383 2023-05-08 2023-11-17 电池及具有其的用电装置 Ceased WO2024230119A1 (zh)

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