WO2025023729A1 - 탄소 나노튜브 분산액 및 이의 제조방법 - Google Patents
탄소 나노튜브 분산액 및 이의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025023729A1 WO2025023729A1 PCT/KR2024/010691 KR2024010691W WO2025023729A1 WO 2025023729 A1 WO2025023729 A1 WO 2025023729A1 KR 2024010691 W KR2024010691 W KR 2024010691W WO 2025023729 A1 WO2025023729 A1 WO 2025023729A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/159—Carbon nanotubes single-walled
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
- C01B32/174—Derivatisation; Solubilisation; Dispersion in solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/20—Nanotubes characterized by their properties
- C01B2202/32—Specific surface area
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/82—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by IR- or Raman-data
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/90—Other properties not specified above
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbon nanotube dispersion and a method for producing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a carbon nanotube dispersion and a method for producing the same, which comprises a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound containing an amine group and a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound containing an aromatic ring, in order to improve the dispersibility of carbon nanotubes.
- lithium secondary batteries with high energy density and voltage, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate have been commercialized and are widely used.
- research is actively being conducted on methods for manufacturing electrodes with higher energy density per unit volume by improving electrode density as electrodes for such high-capacity lithium secondary batteries.
- high-density electrodes are formed by molding electrode active material particles having a size of several ⁇ m to several tens ⁇ m using a high-pressure press. During the molding process, the particles may be deformed and the space between the particles may be reduced, which easily reduces the electrolyte permeability.
- a conductive material having excellent electrical conductivity and strength is used when manufacturing the electrode. The conductive material is positioned between the electrode active materials, so that even when going through the molding process, it maintains micropores between the active material particles, allowing the electrolyte to easily permeate, and has excellent electrical conductivity, thereby reducing the resistance within the electrode.
- the use of carbon nanotubes which are fibrous carbon-based conductive materials that can further reduce electrode resistance by forming an electrically conductive path within the electrode, is increasing.
- the above carbon nanotube is a fine carbon fiber in which carbons connected by hexagonal rings form a long tube-shaped structure with a diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less. Due to the high conductivity, tensile strength, and heat resistance caused by the specific structure of the carbon nanotube, application and practical use in various fields are expected. In order to commercialize the carbon nanotube as a conductive material, it is necessary to manufacture it in a dispersion state rather than a powder state. However, the carbon nanotube has strong cohesion, so it is difficult to lower the viscosity when manufacturing it as a dispersion, and even if the viscosity is lowered, the viscosity increases rapidly over time, making it difficult to apply it to an actual process.
- Patent Document 1 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0122653
- the present invention aims to provide a carbon nanotube dispersion in which carbon nanotubes are efficiently dispersed and a method for producing the same, using a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound containing an amine group and a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound containing an aromatic ring.
- the present invention provides a carbon nanotube dispersion comprising carbon nanotubes, a dispersant, and a solvent.
- the dispersant includes a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound including an amine group; and a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound including an aromatic ring.
- the second dispersant contains aromatic carbon in an amount of 65 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of carbon atoms.
- the first polymer compound is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid hydrazide, poly-N-vinyl-5-methoxazolidone, N-alkyl polyimine, N-acetyl polyimine, polyacrylamide, poly-L-lysine hydrobromide, benzyl-dodecyl-dimethylammonium chloride, polyethyleneimine, and combinations thereof.
- the second polymer compound further includes a carbonyl group
- the second dispersant has a ratio of the carbonyl group to the aromatic ring (integrated average value of the carbonyl group/integrated average value of the aromatic ring) according to FT-IR of 0.2 or less.
- the dispersant has a Na content of 250 ppm to 500 ppm based on the total weight of the dispersant.
- the dispersant has a Ca content of 0.1 ppm to 50 ppm based on the total weight of the dispersant.
- the second polymer compound is lignosulfonate.
- the first dispersant is included in the carbon nanotube dispersion in an amount of 200 to 400 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the second dispersant.
- the dispersant is included in the carbon nanotube dispersion in an amount of 100 to 300 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotubes are included in the carbon nanotube dispersion in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the carbon nanotube dispersion.
- the carbon nanotube has a BET surface area of 800 m 2 /g to 5,000 m 2 /g.
- the solvent is an aqueous solvent containing water.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion has an initial viscosity of 5,000 cP or less at 25°C.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion has a viscosity of 10,000 cP or less after storage at 45°C for 65 hours and cooling to 25°C.
- the present invention provides a method for producing the carbon nanotube dispersion described above.
- the manufacturing method comprises: (1) a step of preparing a mixture by mixing carbon nanotubes, a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound including an amine group, a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound including an aromatic ring, and a solvent; and (2) a step of stirring the mixture.
- the present invention provides an electrode slurry composition for a lithium secondary battery comprising the above-described carbon nanotube dispersion and an electrode active material.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion according to one specific example of the present invention can effectively disperse the carbon nanotube dispersion by including a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound containing an amine group and a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound containing an aromatic ring.
- the second dispersant can significantly reduce not only the initial viscosity of the carbon nanotube dispersion but also the rate of change in viscosity over time by containing aromatic carbon at a certain level or higher.
- the present invention provides a carbon nanotube dispersion comprising carbon nanotubes, a dispersant, and a solvent.
- the carbon nanotubes have high conductivity and can be utilized as a conductive material for lithium secondary batteries, but there is a problem that it is difficult to apply in an actual process because they are not easily dispersed.
- a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound containing an amine group and a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound containing an aromatic ring are utilized as dispersants for effectively dispersing carbon nanotubes, thereby providing a carbon nanotube dispersion having improved dispersibility of carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotubes above may be materials generally used as conductive materials in the relevant technical field.
- the carbon nanotubes are secondary structures formed by assembling carbon nanotube units in whole or in part to form a bundle, and the carbon nanotube units have a graphite sheet in the shape of a cylinder with a nano-sized diameter and an sp 2 bonding structure. At this time, depending on the angle and structure at which the graphite sheet is rolled, it may exhibit the properties of a conductor or a semiconductor.
- the carbon nanotube units may be classified into single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) depending on the number of bonds forming the wall.
- the term 'bundle type' refers to a secondary shape in the form of a bundle or rope in which a plurality of carbon nanotube units are arranged in a parallel manner with their longitudinal axes substantially in the same orientation, or are arranged and then twisted or entangled.
- the term 'non-bundle type or entangled type' refers to a shape in which carbon nanotube units are entangled without a specific shape such as a bundle or rope.
- the above carbon nanotubes have high conductivity, but they are highly cohesive due to the van der Waals force that occurs between carbon nanotubes. If the conductive material cohesively, the conductive path cannot be properly formed, and since relatively more conductive material is used, the amount of active material decreases, so the performance of the electrode may actually deteriorate. Therefore, it has been difficult to commercialize carbon nanotubes as a conductive material.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion according to the present invention comprises a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound including an amine and a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound including an aromatic ring, thereby significantly reducing the viscosity of the aqueous carbon nanotube dispersion and suppressing changes over time, so that when applied to an electrode slurry of a lithium secondary battery, high conductivity can be exhibited due to the high conductivity of the carbon nanotubes.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion according to the present invention when applied to the production of an electrode slurry, the carbon nanotubes are uniformly positioned between active materials, so that the microscopic space between the electrode active materials can be maintained evenly during the process of manufacturing an electrode by coating and drying the electrode slurry and then rolling.
- the carbon nanotubes are uniformly distributed without agglomeration, a conductive path can be sufficiently formed even with a small amount of carbon nanotubes.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion according to one specific example of the present invention may include at least one of single-walled, double-walled, and multi-walled carbon nanotube units as the carbon nanotubes, and specifically may include single-walled carbon nanotubes. Since the single-walled carbon nanotube has a higher specific surface area than double-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, it may be helpful in improving the performance of a lithium secondary battery as a conductive material.
- the carbon nanotube has a diameter of 0.5 nm to 10 nm.
- the diameter means the largest value among the distances from one outermost arbitrary point to another point based on the circular cross-section of the carbon nanotube.
- the diameter of the carbon nanotube can be measured by photographing with a scanning electron microscope.
- the diameter of the carbon nanotube is 0.5 nm or more, 0.6 nm or more, 0.7 nm or more, 0.8 nm or more, 0.9 nm or more, or 1 nm or more, and 10 nm or less, 9 nm or less, 8 nm or less, 7 nm or less, 6 nm or less, or 5 nm or less, and may be 0.5 nm to 10 nm, 0.7 nm to 7 nm, or 1 nm to 5 nm.
- Carbon nanotubes having a diameter in the above range can be effectively dispersed in an electrode of a lithium secondary battery and provide conductivity to the electrode.
- the carbon nanotube has a length of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m.
- the length means the height in a cylindrical carbon nanotube.
- the length of the carbon nanotube can be measured by photographing with a scanning electron microscope.
- the length of the carbon nanotube is 1 ⁇ m or more, 2 ⁇ m or more, 3 ⁇ m or more, 4 ⁇ m or more, 5 ⁇ m or more, 20 ⁇ m or less, 19 ⁇ m or less, 18 ⁇ m or less, 17 ⁇ m or less, 16 ⁇ m or less, 15 ⁇ m or less, and may be 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m to 18 ⁇ m, or 5 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
- Carbon nanotubes having a length in the above range can effectively connect components in an electrode of a lithium secondary battery and provide conductivity to the electrode.
- the carbon nanotube has a BET specific surface area of 800 m 2 /g to 5,000 m 2 /g.
- the BET specific surface area is a specific surface area measured by the BET method, and specifically, it is preferably calculated by obtaining the nitrogen gas adsorption amount at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) using BELSORP-mini II of BEL Japan.
- the BET surface area of the carbon nanotube is 800 m 2 /g or more, 850 m 2 /g or more, 900 m 2 /g or more, 950 m 2 /g or more, 1,000 m 2 /g, 5,000 m 2 /g or less, 4,500 m 2 /g or less, 4,000 m 2 /g or less, 3,500 m 2 /g or less, 3,000 m 2 /g or less, 2,500 m 2 /g or less, 2,000 m 2 /g or less, and may be 800 m 2 /g to 5,000 m 2 /g, 900 m 2 /g to 3,500 m 2 /g, 1,000 m 2 /g to 2,000 m 2 /g.
- Carbon nanotubes having a BET surface area within the above range can effectively contact other components in the electrode of a lithium secondary battery to provide conductivity to the electrode.
- the carbon nanotubes are included in the carbon nanotube dispersion in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the carbon nanotube dispersion.
- the content of the carbon nanotubes is 0.1 wt% or more, 0.2 wt% or more, 0.3 wt% or more, 0.4 wt% or more, 0.5 wt% or more, and 5 wt% or less, 4.5 wt% or less, 4 wt% or less, 3.5 wt% or less, 3 wt% or less, 2.5 wt% or less, 2 wt% or less, 1.5 wt% or less, and may be 0.1 wt% to 5 wt%, 0.3 wt% to 3 wt%, or 0.5 wt% to 1.5 wt%.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion according to one specific example of the present invention includes a first dispersant and a second dispersant as well as a solvent in order to effectively disperse the carbon nanotubes described above. Since the carbon nanotube dispersion has a relatively high content of carbon nanotubes, it may be important to appropriately combine components other than carbon nanotubes in order to effectively disperse the carbon nanotubes without agglomerating them and to increase their utility value. On the other hand, if the content of carbon nanotubes is low, the solid content of the electrode slurry produced may decrease during the production of the electrode slurry, which may unnecessarily thicken the electrode slurry before drying, which may lead to a deterioration in the quality of the electrode after drying.
- the above solvent basically serves to disperse carbon nanotubes, the first dispersant, and the second dispersant.
- Carbon nanotubes are used as a conductive material in actual products such as lithium secondary batteries, but if the carbon nanotubes are put into the electrode slurry in a powdered state, the carbon nanotubes aggregate and cannot properly exhibit functionality within the electrode. To solve this problem, the carbon nanotubes are pre-dispersed and supplied as a carbon nanotube dispersion.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can effectively disperse the carbon nanotubes, the first dispersant, and the second dispersant.
- the solvent is an aqueous solvent containing water.
- the aqueous solvent may be included in an amount such that the electrode slurry composition can have an appropriate viscosity, taking into account the coating properties of the electrode slurry composition manufactured using the carbon nanotube dispersion, etc.
- the content of the solvent may be the content of the carbon nanotubes, the first dispersant, and the second dispersant in the carbon nanotube dispersion, excluding each content.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion further includes a dispersant because the carbon nanotubes cannot be effectively dispersed by a solvent alone.
- the dispersant may use one material, or may use a combination of two or more materials.
- the dispersant includes a first dispersant and a second dispersant. The first dispersant and the second dispersant may be distinguished according to the content used, and the dispersant used in a larger amount among the two dispersants may be the first dispersant.
- the first dispersant contains a first polymer compound including an amine group.
- the amine group can be interpreted most broadly as a functional group including nitrogen.
- the first polymer compound may preferably be dissolved in a solvent, particularly an aqueous solvent, and may be selected from the group consisting of, for example, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid hydrazide, poly-N-vinyl-5-methoxazolidon, N-alkyl polyimine, N-acetyl polyimine, polyacrylamide, poly-L-lysine hydrobromide, benzyl-dodecyl-dimethylammonium chloride, polyethylenimine, and combinations thereof.
- a solvent particularly an aqueous solvent
- the second dispersant may be a material that can produce a synergistic effect in dispersing carbon nanotubes when used together with the first dispersant described above.
- the second dispersant contains a second polymer compound including an aromatic ring.
- the second dispersant described above contains an aromatic ring, the content of carbon constituting the aromatic ring may play an important role in dispersing carbon nanotubes in relation to the first dispersant.
- the aromatic ring included in the second dispersant has a molecular structure similar to that of carbon nanotubes, and can form a strong bond with individual carbon nanotubes through ⁇ - ⁇ interaction or hydrophobic interaction
- the second dispersant may have a functionality of dispersing carbon nanotubes without causing the carbon nanotubes to aggregate with each other.
- the second dispersant contains aromatic carbon of 65 mol% or more based on the total number of moles of carbon atoms.
- the aromatic carbon refers to a carbon atom constituting an aromatic ring.
- the content of aromatic carbon in the second dispersant can be confirmed, for example, using an NMR device. Specifically, the content of aromatic carbon was measured by 1D normal NMR (Bruker Prodigy 500MHz NMR, 13C, Probe (PABBO), D-solvent: D 2 O or DMSO-d6, temperature: 298K). Specifically, the content of aromatic carbon may be 65 mol% or more, 65.5 mol% or more, 66 mol% or more, 66.5 mol% or more, or 67 mol% or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the above aromatic carbon can be naturally controlled depending on the presence of other components in the compound, but may be, for example, 90 mol% or less, 89 mol% or less, 88 mol% or less, 87 mol% or less, 86 mol% or less, 85 mol% or less, 84 mol% or less, and may be 65 mol% to 90 mol%, 66 mol% to 87 mol%, or 67 mol% to 84 mol%.
- the content of the aromatic carbon in the second dispersant is within the above-described range, the synergy effect with the first dispersant can be maximized.
- the integrated average value when analyzing an aromatic ring of the second polymer compound with an FT-IR device, is 20 to 150.
- a specific analysis method and device for deriving the integrated average value may follow the description of the following examples.
- the integrated average value of the aromatic ring is 20 or more, 25 or more, 30 or more, 35 or more, 40 or more, and 150 or less, 140 or less, 130 or less, 120 or less, 110 or less, and may be 20 to 150, 30 to 130, or 40 to 110.
- the second polymer compound may be more specific within the above-described range.
- the second polymer compound further includes a carbonyl group.
- the ratio of the carbonyl group to the aromatic ring may play an important role in dispersing carbon nanotubes in relation to the first dispersant.
- the ratio of the carbonyl group to the aromatic ring is 0.2 or less.
- a specific analysis method and device for deriving the integrated average value may follow the description of the examples below. The integral value is performed in an area generally known in the relevant technical field.
- the carbonyl group integrates the region of 1,738 cm - -1 to 1,675 cm - -1
- the aromatic ring integrates the region of 1,523 cm - -1 to 1,478 cm - -1
- the ratio of the carbonyl group to the aromatic ring may be 0.2 or less, 0.05 to 0.2, 0.06 to 0.2, 0.07 to 0.2, or 0.08 to 0.2.
- the second polymer compound may be further specified within the above-described range.
- the second polymer compound further includes a sulfone group and a hydroxyl group in addition to an aromatic ring and a carbonyl group.
- the sulfone group and the hydroxyl group are not contained in a high content compared to the aromatic ring, but they form the structure of the second polymer compound and can play an auxiliary role in the interaction with carbon nanotubes and the first dispersant.
- the integrated average value is 50 to 250.
- the second polymer compound may be further specified within the above-described range.
- the integrated average value is 500 to 1,000.
- the integrated average value of the O-H functional group is 500 or more, 525 or more, 550 or more, 575 or more, 600 or more, 1,000 or less, 990 or less, 980 or less, 970 or less, 960 or less, 950 or less, and may be 500 to 1,000, 550 to 970, and 600 to 950.
- the second polymer compound may be more specific within the above-described range.
- the second polymer compound further includes an alkoxy group in addition to the functional group described above.
- the second polymer compound when the second polymer compound analyzes the CH 3 O- functional group with an FT-IR device, the second polymer compound has an integrated average value of 1 to 30.
- the integrated average value of the CH 3 O- functional group is 1 or more, 2 or more, or 3 or more, and 30 or less, 29 or less, 28 or less, 27 or less, 26 or less, 25 or less, 24 or less, 23 or less, 22 or less, 21 or less, or 20 or less, and may be 1 to 30, 2 to 25, or 3 to 20.
- the second polymer compound may be further specified within the above-described range.
- the second polymer compound has an integrated average value of 1 to 50 when analyzed with an FT-IR device for C-H, which is the basis of the organic compound.
- the integrated average value of C-H is 1 or more, 5 or more, or 10 or more, and 50 or less, 45 or less, 40 or less, 35 or less, or 30 or less, and may be 1 to 50, 5 to 40, or 10 to 30.
- the second polymer compound may be more specific within the above-described range.
- the second polymer compound is lignosulfonate.
- the lignosulfonate is a derivative of lignin and is a salt of lignosulfonic acid obtained by converting lignin using sulfurous acid or a sulfite.
- the salt of the lignosulfonic acid may include sodium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, etc. depending on the base that neutralizes the lignosulfonic acid during the manufacturing process.
- the lignosulfonate may be suitable for use as a dispersing agent for a carbon nanotube dispersion since it is a soluble substance in an aqueous solvent.
- Lignin the starting material of the above lignosulfonate
- Lignin is an abundant renewable polymer found in nature, and is a material characterized by being rich in cellulose but having superior chemical stability, etc. due to its aromatic structure.
- the structure of lignin is very diverse and cannot be clearly specified, and since lignosulfonate is a derivative of lignin, the structure of lignosulfonate also cannot be clearly specified.
- the lignosulfonate according to the present invention contains an aromatic ring, a sulfonic group, a hydroxyl group, and a carbonyl group, and the content of aromatic carbon is a certain level or higher
- lignosulfate suitable for the present invention can be selected from among various lignosulfonates.
- the dispersant including the first dispersant and the second dispersant may include Na (sodium).
- the Na may play an important role in dispersing carbon nanotubes when present in a specific range of contents.
- the dispersant has an Na content of 250 ppm to 500 ppm based on the total weight of the dispersant.
- the Na content may be determined by a method generally used in the relevant technical field, and for example, a specific analysis method and device for deriving the Na content may follow the description of the following examples.
- the Na content is 250 ppm or more, 260 ppm or more, 270 ppm or more, 280 ppm or more, 290 ppm or more, 300 ppm or more, 500 ppm or less, 490 ppm or less, 480 ppm or less, 470 ppm or less, 460 ppm or less, 450 ppm or less, and may be 250 ppm to 500 ppm, 270 ppm to 470 ppm, 300 ppm to 450 ppm.
- the functionality of the dispersant for dispersing carbon nanotubes can be further improved.
- the dispersant including the first dispersant and the second dispersant may include Ca (calcium).
- the Ca may play an important role in dispersing carbon nanotubes when present in a specific range of contents.
- the dispersant has a Ca content of 0.1 ppm to 50 ppm based on the total weight of the dispersant. It can be measured by the same method as the Na.
- the Ca content is 0.1 ppm or more, 0.5 ppm or more, 1 ppm or more, and 50 ppm or less, 40 ppm or less, 30 ppm or less, 20 ppm or less, 10 ppm or less, and may be 0.1 ppm to 50 ppm, 0.5 ppm to 30 ppm, 1 ppm to 10 ppm.
- the Ca content in the dispersant is within the above-described range, the functionality of the dispersant for dispersing carbon nanotubes can be further improved.
- the above-described dispersant when used in an appropriate ratio, can effectively disperse carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube dispersion while increasing the content of carbon nanotubes.
- the dispersant is contained in the carbon nanotube dispersion in an amount of 100 to 300 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of carbon nanotubes.
- the content of the dispersant means the sum of the content of the first dispersant and the content of the second dispersant.
- the content of the dispersant is 100 parts by weight or more, 110 parts by weight or more, 120 parts by weight or more, 130 parts by weight or more, 140 parts by weight or more, 150 parts by weight or more, 300 parts by weight or less, 290 parts by weight or less, 280 parts by weight or less, 270 parts by weight or less, 260 parts by weight or less, 250 parts by weight or less, 240 parts by weight or less, 230 parts by weight or less, 220 parts by weight or less, 210 parts by weight or less, 200 parts by weight or less, and may be 100 to 300 parts by weight, 130 to 250 parts by weight, or 150 to 200 parts by weight.
- the first dispersant is included in the carbon nanotube dispersion in an amount of 200 to 400 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the second dispersant.
- the content of the first dispersant can be basically the same as or greater than the content of the second dispersant.
- the content of the first dispersant is 200 parts by weight or more, 210 parts by weight or more, 220 parts by weight or more, 230 parts by weight or more, 240 parts by weight or more, 250 parts by weight or more, 400 parts by weight or less, 390 parts by weight or less, 380 parts by weight or less, 370 parts by weight or less, 360 parts by weight or less, 350 parts by weight or less, and may be 200 parts to 400 parts by weight, 230 parts to 370 parts by weight, or 250 parts to 350 parts by weight.
- the first dispersant and the second dispersant are used in combination, when used at the corresponding ratio, carbon nanotubes can be effectively dispersed compared to the same total amount of dispersant.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion according to the present invention has excellent dispersibility for carbon nanotubes. This dispersibility can be confirmed through the viscosity of the carbon nanotube dispersion.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion has an initial viscosity of 5,000 cP or less at 25°C.
- the initial viscosity means a value obtained by measuring the viscosity directly for the carbon nanotube dispersion prepared after stirring the mixture.
- a specific viscosity measurement method can follow the method described in the following experimental examples.
- the initial viscosity can be 5,000 cP or less, 4,900 cP or less, 4,800 cP or less, 4,700 cP or less, 4,600 cP or less, 4,500 cP or less, 4,400 cP or less, or 4,300 cP or less. Since there is a limit to how much the viscosity can be lowered while including a certain amount of carbon nanotubes in the above carbon nanotube dispersion, the lower limit may not be particularly important.
- the lower limit of the initial viscosity may be, for example, 3,000 cP or more, 3,100 cP or more, 3,200 cP or more, 3,300 cP or more, 3,400 cP or more, 3,500 cP or more, or 3,600 cP or more.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion has a viscosity of 10,000 cP or less after storage at 45°C for 65 hours and cooling to 25°C.
- a specific method for measuring the viscosity may follow the method described in the following experimental examples.
- the viscosity may be 10,000 cP or less, 9,000 cP or less, 8,000 cP or less, 7,000 cP or less, 6,000 cP or less, or 5,000 cP or less. Since there is a limit to how much the viscosity can be lowered after storage at 45°C for 65 hours and cooling to 25°C while containing a certain amount of carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube dispersion, the lower limit may not be particularly important.
- the lower limit of the initial viscosity may be, for example, 3,000 cP or more, 3,100 cP or more, 3,200 cP or more, 3,300 cP or more, 3,400 cP or more, or 3,500 cP or more.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion has a viscosity change rate of 1.5 or less.
- the viscosity change rate is a value obtained by dividing the viscosity after storage at 45°C for 65 hours and cooling to 25°C by the initial viscosity at 25°C.
- the viscosity change rate may be 1.5 or less, 1.4 or less, 1.3 or less, 1.2 or less, 1.1 or less, and may be 0.8 or more, 0.85 or more, or 0.9 or more.
- the carbon nanotube dispersion according to one specific example of the present invention not only has a low initial viscosity, but also has a small rate of change in viscosity even after storage for a certain period of time under specific conditions, thereby having stable dispersibility.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a carbon nanotube dispersion as described above.
- the method for producing a carbon nanotube dispersion according to one specific example of the present invention comprises: (1) a step of mixing carbon nanotubes, a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound including an amine group, a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound including an aromatic ring, and a solvent to produce a mixture; and (2) a step of stirring the mixture.
- the mixing can be performed under temperature conditions in which the properties of the mixture, including viscosity, do not change due to evaporation of the solvent.
- it can be performed at a temperature of 50°C or lower, specifically, 5°C to 50°C.
- stirring can be performed by an impeller, milling, or a high pressure homogenizer.
- the milling can be performed by a method such as a ball mill, a bead mill, a disc mill, or a basket mill, and specifically, can be performed by a disc mill.
- the size of the beads can be appropriately determined depending on the type and amount of carbon nanotubes and the type of dispersant, and specifically, the diameter of the beads can be 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and more specifically, 0.5 mm to 4 mm.
- the bead milling process can be performed at a speed of 2,000 rpm to 10,000 rpm, and more specifically, can be performed at a speed of 5,000 rpm to 9,000 rpm.
- the stirring by the high-pressure homogenizer is accomplished by pressurizing the mixture with, for example, a plunger pump of the high-pressure homogenizer and pushing it through the gap of the homogenization valve, thereby generating forces such as cavitation, shear, impact, and explosion when passing through the gap.
- the above stirring process can be performed depending on the degree of dispersion of the carbon nanotube dispersion, and specifically can be performed for 30 to 120 minutes, more specifically for 60 to 90 minutes.
- a method for producing a carbon nanotube dispersion comprises: (1) a step of mixing a first dispersant containing a first polymer compound containing an amine group, a second dispersant containing a second polymer compound containing an aromatic ring, and a solvent to produce a first mixture; (2) a step of mixing carbon nanotubes into the first mixture to produce a second mixture; and (3) a step of stirring the second mixture. Separate stirring may be performed in step (1) to produce the second mixture.
- the first mixture is not used to produce a final product, it can be performed under simpler conditions compared to the stirring in step (3).
- the present invention provides an electrode slurry composition for a lithium secondary battery, which comprises the carbon nanotube dispersion and an electrode active material.
- the electrode slurry composition for a lithium secondary battery may be a positive electrode slurry composition or an negative electrode slurry composition, and specifically, may be a negative electrode slurry composition.
- the electrode slurry composition for a lithium secondary battery may comprise a carbon nanotube dispersion, a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material as an electrode active material, a binder, a solvent, and/or other additives as needed.
- positive electrode active materials well known in the art can be used without limitation, and for example, lithium cobalt-based oxide, lithium nickel-based oxide, lithium manganese-based oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel manganese cobalt-based oxide, or a combination thereof can be used.
- lithium cobalt-based oxide lithium nickel-based oxide, lithium manganese-based oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium nickel manganese cobalt-based oxide, or a combination thereof
- LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoPO 4 , LiFePO 4 , and LiNi a Mn b Co c O 2 (wherein 0 ⁇ a, b, c ⁇ 1) can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the above negative electrode active material may include one or more negative electrode active materials selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbonaceous materials; lithium-containing titanium composite oxide (LTO); metals (Me) of Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni or Fe; alloys composed of the above metals (Me); oxides (MeOx) of the above metals (Me); and complexes of the above metals (Me) and carbon.
- the negative electrode active material may be included in an amount of 60 to 98 wt%, more preferably 70 to 98 wt%, based on the total weight of the solids excluding the solvent in the negative electrode slurry.
- the above binder is a component that assists in the bonding of the active material and the conductive material and the bonding to the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30 wt% based on the total weight of the mixture including the electrode active material.
- binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluororubber, various copolymers, etc.
- the solvents mentioned above include organic solvents such as N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl formamide (DMF), acetone, dimethyl acetamide, etc., or water, and these solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- NMP N-methyl pyrrolidone
- DMF dimethyl formamide
- acetone dimethyl acetamide, etc.
- water water
- the amount of solvent used is sufficient to dissolve and disperse the electrode active material, binder, and conductive agent, taking into account the coating thickness of the slurry and the manufacturing yield.
- the above viscosity modifier may be carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, or the like, and the viscosity of the electrode slurry may be adjusted by addition thereof to facilitate the manufacturing of the electrode slurry and the application process on the electrode current collector.
- the above filler is optionally used as a component that suppresses expansion of the electrode, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a fibrous material that does not cause chemical changes in the battery, and for example, olefin-based polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene; fibrous materials such as glass fiber and carbon fiber are used.
- the positive electrode can be manufactured by applying the composition of the positive electrode slurry onto a positive electrode current collector, followed by drying and rolling.
- the positive electrode slurry can be manufactured by casting the positive electrode slurry onto a separate support, and then laminating the obtained film by peeling it off from the support onto the positive electrode current collector.
- the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer formed by the positive electrode slurry may vary depending on the loading amount, loading speed, etc. for applying the positive electrode slurry.
- the above-described positive electrode current collector generally has a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
- stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. can be used.
- the surface of the positive electrode current collector may be formed with fine unevenness to strengthen the bonding strength of the positive electrode active material, and can be used in various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam, or non-woven fabric.
- the negative electrode can be manufactured by applying the composition of the negative electrode slurry onto a negative electrode current collector, followed by drying and rolling.
- the negative electrode slurry can be manufactured by casting the negative electrode slurry onto a separate support, and then laminating the obtained film by peeling it off from the support onto the negative electrode current collector.
- the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer formed by the above negative electrode slurry may vary depending on the loading amount, loading speed, etc. for applying the negative electrode slurry.
- the above negative electrode current collector generally has a thickness of 3 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery, and for example, copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc., aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. can be used.
- the bonding strength of the negative electrode active material can be strengthened by forming fine unevenness on the surface, and can be used in various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam, and non-woven fabric.
- the present invention provides a lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, and an electrolyte, utilizing the carbon nanotube dispersion described above. Since the cathode and the anode are the same as those described above, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the above separator separates the negative electrode and the positive electrode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move. If it is a separator that is usually used in lithium secondary batteries, it can be used without any special restrictions, and in particular, it is preferable that it has low resistance to ion movement of the electrolyte and excellent electrolyte moisture retention capacity.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer film made of a polyolefin polymer such as an ethylene homopolymer, a propylene homopolymer, an ethylene/butene copolymer, an ethylene/hexene copolymer, and an ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, or a laminated structure of two or more layers thereof, can be used.
- a conventional porous nonwoven fabric for example, a nonwoven fabric made of high-melting-point glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, etc. can be used.
- a coated separator containing a ceramic component or a polymer material to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength can be used, and can be selectively used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- the above electrolyte may be, but is not limited to, an organic liquid electrolyte, an inorganic liquid electrolyte, a solid polymer electrolyte, a gel-type polymer electrolyte, a solid inorganic electrolyte, a molten inorganic electrolyte, etc. that can be used in the manufacture of a lithium secondary battery.
- the electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent any solvent that can act as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move may be used without particular limitation.
- the organic solvent may include ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone; ether solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene;
- solvents that can be used include carbonate solvents, such as dimethylcarbonate (DMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC), methylethylcarbonate (MEC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and propylene carbonate (PC); alcohol solvents, such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; nitriles, such as R-CN (wherein R represents a C2 to C
- a carbonate solvent is preferable, and a mixture of a cyclic carbonate (e.g., ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.) having high ionic conductivity and high dielectric constant capable of improving the charge/discharge performance of the battery and a low-viscosity linear carbonate compound (e.g., ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, or diethyl carbonate, etc.) is more preferable.
- the cyclic carbonate and the chain carbonate can be mixed and used in a volume ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:9 to exhibit excellent electrolyte performance.
- the lithium salt above can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is a compound capable of providing lithium ions used in a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium salt may be LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAl0 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 .
- LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 It is preferable to use the concentration of the lithium salt within the range of 0.1 M to 2.0 M. When the concentration of the lithium salt is within the above range, the electrolyte has appropriate conductivity and viscosity, so that it can exhibit excellent electrolyte performance, and lithium ions can move effectively.
- the electrolyte may further contain one or more additives, such as, for example, haloalkylene carbonate compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate, pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ethers, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphoric acid triamide, nitrobenzene derivatives, sulfur, quinone imine dyes, N-substituted oxazolidinones, N,N-substituted imidazolidines, ethylene glycol dialkyl ethers, ammonium salts, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol, or aluminum trichloride, for the purpose of improving the life characteristics of the battery, suppressing battery capacity decrease, and improving the discharge capacity of the battery.
- the additives may be contained in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% with respect to the total weight of the electrolyte.
- a lithium secondary battery including an electrode manufactured using a carbon nanotube dispersion according to the present invention specifically, a lithium secondary battery including an anode manufactured using a carbon nanotube dispersion, has carbon nanotubes uniformly dispersed in the anode, and can reduce the content thereof compared to a case where a conductive material such as conventional carbon black is included, thereby stably exhibiting excellent discharge capacity and output characteristics.
- the lithium secondary battery can be usefully used in portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and digital cameras
- electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- a lithium secondary battery a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell, and a battery pack including the same can be provided.
- the above battery module or battery pack can be used as a power source for one or more medium- to large-sized devices, including power tools; electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); or power storage systems.
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); or power storage systems.
- EVs electric vehicles
- PHEVs plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- the lignosulfonates used in the examples and comparative examples had integrated average values as shown in Table 1 below when the functional group was analyzed using an FT-IR device (manufacturer: Agilent, product name: Cary 620-FTIR) (analysis accessory: Specac Golden Gate ATR accessory (diamond crystal), analysis conditions: 8 resolution, 32 scans).
- a carbon nanotube dispersion having a total weight of 500 g was prepared by the following method. 3.375 g (0.675 wt%) of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K15 product of Zhangzhou Huafu Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a first dispersant, 1.125 g (0.225 wt%) of a first lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 75 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.0882) as a second dispersant, and 492.5 g of water as a solvent were mixed to prepare 497 g of a first mixture.
- PVP K15 product of Zhangzhou Huafu Chemical Co., Ltd. polyvinylpyrrolidone
- 1.125 g (0.225 wt%) of a first lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 75 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.0882
- the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 329 ppm
- the total content of Ca was 3 ppm.
- the above Na content and Ca content were measured by an ICP-OES device (Manufacturer: Perkin-eimer, Product name: Optima 8300DV) (Operating conditions: RF power (W): 1,300, Torch Height (mm): 15.0, Plasma Gas Flow (L/min): 15.00, Sample Gas Flow (L/min): 0.8, Aux. Gas Flow (L/min): 0.20, Pump Speed (mL/min): 1.5).
- the measurement was performed by dispersing and diluting in tertiary ultrapure water, and the experimental detection limit (Method detection limit) was ⁇ 5 mg/kg.
- the first mixture was prepared by installing an impeller and a vessel in a dissolution tank (Dispermat-CA product of VMA-Getzmann), adding a dispersant and a solvent, and stirring at 400 rpm for 10 minutes. 3.0 g (0.6 wt%) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (BET surface area: 1,160 m2/g, length: 5 ⁇ m or more, OCSoAl TUBALL product) were added to the prepared first mixture, and stirred at 8,000 rpm for 60 minutes to prepare a second mixture.
- the prepared second mixture was homogeneously dispersed 7 times at a pressure of 20,000 psi using a high-pressure disperser (Micronox PICOMAX product), thereby preparing a carbon nanotube dispersion.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a fourth lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 74 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1700) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 396 ppm and the total content of Ca was 3 ppm.
- a fourth lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 74 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1700
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fifth lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 81 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1956) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 302 ppm and the total content of Ca was 3 ppm.
- the fifth lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 81 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1956
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the seventh lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 67 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1586) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 412 ppm and the total content of Ca was 4 ppm.
- the seventh lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 67 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1586) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 412 ppm and the total content of Ca was 4 ppm.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the eighth lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 84 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1804) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 311 ppm and the total content of Ca was 3 ppm.
- the eighth lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 84 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1804
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the 10th lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 82 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1483) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 315 ppm and the total content of Ca was 3 ppm.
- the 10th lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 82 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.1483
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that only 4.5 g (0.9 wt%) of the first dispersant was used without using the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first dispersant was 129 ppm and the total content of Ca was 3 ppm.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a second lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 51 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.2075) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 129 ppm and the total content of Ca was 177 ppm.
- a second lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 51 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.2075
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a third lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 63 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.4917) was used as a second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 147 ppm and the total content of Ca was 159 ppm.
- a third lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 63 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.4917
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the sixth lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 58 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.5928) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 167 ppm and the total content of Ca was 102 ppm.
- the sixth lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 58 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.5928) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 167 ppm and the total content of Ca was 102 ppm.
- a carbon nanotube dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the ninth lignosulfonate (aromatic carbon content: 62 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.4098) was used as the second dispersant, and the total content of Na in the first and second dispersants was 153 ppm and the total content of Ca was 105 ppm.
- the ninth lignosulfonate aromatic carbon content: 62 mol%, integral average value of carbonyl groups/integral average value of aromatic rings: 0.40978
- the content of aromatic carbon in the second dispersant affects the viscosity of the carbon nanotube dispersion. Specifically, when the content of aromatic carbon in the second dispersant is less than 65 mol%, the initial viscosity of the carbon nanotube dispersion exceeds 5,000 cP, and the viscosity after cooling to 25°C after storage at 45°C for 65 hours also exceeds 10,000 cP. The viscosity change ratio also exceeds 2.0, indicating that the effect of improving dispersibility obtained by adding the second dispersant was minimal.
- the ratio of the carbonyl group to the aromatic ring in the second dispersant affects the viscosity change rate of the carbon nanotube dispersion. Specifically, when the integrated average value of the carbonyl group/integrated average value of the aromatic ring in the second dispersant exceeds 0.2, the initial viscosity exceeds 5,000 cP, and the viscosity after cooling to 25°C after storage at 45°C for 65 hours also exceeds 10,000 cP. The viscosity change rate also exceeds 2.0, indicating that the effect of improving dispersibility obtained by adding the second dispersant was minimal.
- the integrated average value of the carbonyl group/integrated average value of the aromatic ring in the second dispersant is 0.2 or less, not only did the initial viscosity of the carbon nanotube dispersion not exceed 5,000 cP, but also the viscosity after cooling to 25°C after storage at 45°C for 65 hours did not exceed 5,000 cP, indicating that the dispersibility was significantly improved.
- the carbon content of most other functional groups had no particular correlation with the dispersibility of the carbon nanotube dispersion.
- the Na content or Ca content in the dispersant affects the viscosity change rate of the carbon nanotube dispersion. Specifically, when the Na content in the dispersant (including the second dispersant) is less than 250 ppm or the Ca content is more than 50 ppm, the initial viscosity exceeds 5,000 cP, and the viscosity after cooling to 25°C after storage at 45°C for 65 hours also exceeds 10,000 cP, and the viscosity change rate also exceeds 2.0, indicating that the effect of improving dispersibility obtained by adding the second dispersant was minimal.
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Abstract
Description
| 리그노설포네이트 | 적분 평균 값 | |||||
| 방향족 고리 | S=O | O-H | CH3O- | C=O | C-H | |
| 1 | 76.20 | 186.65 | 835.50 | 13.98 | 6.73 | 29.74 |
| 2 | 65.74 | 183.05 | 821.03 | 8.35 | 13.64 | 17.16 |
| 3 | 44.84 | 194.95 | 905.41 | 10.50 | 22.05 | 22.95 |
| 4 | 50.95 | 197.26 | 751.44 | 8.59 | 8.66 | 19.36 |
| 5 | 97.59 | 119.52 | 755.44 | 7.52 | 19.08 | 19.85 |
| 6 | 45.45 | 204.35 | 890.32 | 10.52 | 26.94 | 22.61 |
| 7 | 66.47 | 164.60 | 713.05 | 9.65 | 10.55 | 19.71 |
| 8 | 103.33 | 118.74 | 736.12 | 8.57 | 18.63 | 21.14 |
| 9 | 48.09 | 195.78 | 911.22 | 10.17 | 19.33 | 21.74 |
| 10 | 100.11 | 121.97 | 638.78 | 6.71 | 14.84 | 17.68 |
| 제2 분산제 | 점도(25℃) | |||
| 25℃ 초기 (cP) |
45℃ 65h 후 냉각 (cP) |
비율**
|
||
| 실시예 1 | 제1 리그노설포네이트 | 4,200 | 3,790 | 0.90 |
| 실시예 2 | 제4 리그노설포네이트 | 4,250 | 4,160 | 0.98 |
| 실시예 3 | 제5 리그노설포네이트 | 3,800 | 3,710 | 0.98 |
| 실시예 4 | 제7 리그노설포네이트 | 4,060 | 3,820 | 0.94 |
| 실시예 5 | 제8 리그노설포네이트 | 3,840 | 3,590 | 0.93 |
| 실시예 6 | 제10 리그노설포네이트 | 3,660 | 3,830 | 1.05 |
| 비교예 1 | -* | 9,790 | 15,200 | 1.55 |
| 비교예 2 | 제2 리그노설포네이트 | 7,200 | 16,410 | 2.28 |
| 비교예 3 | 제3 리그노설포네이트 | 5,910 | 17,760 | 3.01 |
| 비교예 4 | 제6 리그노설포네이트 | 5,460 | 22,990 | 4.21 |
| 비교예 5 | 제9 리그노설포네이트 | 6,020 | 12,400 | 2.06 |
| * 비교예 1에서는 제2 분산제를 사용하지 않는 대신 제2 분산제 양만큼 제1 분산제를 추가로 사용함 ** (45℃ 65h 후 냉각 점도)/(25℃ 초기 점도) |
||||
Claims (15)
- 탄소 나노튜브, 분산제 및 용매를 포함하고,상기 분산제는,아민기를 포함하는 제1 고분자 화합물을 함유한 제1 분산제; 및방향족 고리를 포함하는 제2 고분자 화합물을 함유한 제2 분산제를 포함하고,상기 제2 분산제는 전체 탄소 원자 몰 수를 기준으로 65 몰% 이상의 방향족 탄소를 포함하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 고분자 화합물은 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리아크릴산 하이드라지드, 폴리-N-비닐-5-메톡사졸리돈, N-알킬 폴리이민, N-아세틸 폴리이민, 폴리아크릴아미드, 폴리-L-리신하이드로브로마이드, 벤질-도데실-디메틸암모늄 클로라이드, 폴리에틸렌이민 및 이의 조합으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 고분자 화합물은 카르보닐기를 더 포함하고,상기 제2 분산제는 FT-IR에 따른 카르보닐기와 방향족 고리의 비율(카르보닐기의 적분 평균 값/방향족 고리의 적분 평균 값)이 0.2 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 분산제는 분산제의 총 중량을 기준으로 250ppm 내지 500ppm의 Na 함량을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 분산제는 분산제 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1ppm 내지 50ppm의 Ca 함량을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제2 고분자 화합물은 리그노설포네이트인 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 제1 분산제는 제2 분산제 100 중량부를 기준으로 200 중량부 내지 400 중량부가 탄소 나노튜브 분산액에 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 분산제는 탄소 나노튜브 100 중량부를 기준으로 100 중량부 내지 300 중량부가 탄소 나노튜브 분산액에 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 탄소 나노튜브는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액 총 중량을 기준으로 0.1 중량% 내지 5 중량%가 탄소 나노튜브 분산액에 포함되는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 탄소 나노튜브는 800 m2/g 내지 5,000 m2/g의 BET 비표면적을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 용매는 물을 포함하는 수계 용매인 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 탄소 나노튜브 분산액은 25℃에서 5,000 cP 이하의 초기 점도를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 탄소 나노튜브 분산액은 45℃에서 65시간 보관 및 25℃로 냉각 후 10,000 cP 이하의 점도를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액.
- 청구항 1에 따른 탄소 나노튜브 분산액의 제조방법으로서,상기 제조방법은,(1) 탄소 나노튜브, 아민기를 포함하는 제1 고분자 화합물을 함유한 제1 분산제, 방향족 고리를 포함하는 제2 고분자 화합물을 함유한 제2 분산제, 및 용매를 혼합하여 혼합물을 제조하는 단계; 및(2) 상기 혼합물을 교반하는 단계;를 포함하는 탄소 나노튜브 분산액의 제조방법.
- 청구항 1에 따른 탄소 나노튜브 분산액 및 전극 활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 전극 슬러리 조성물.
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| EP24846031.3A EP4671205A4 (en) | 2023-07-26 | 2024-07-24 | CARBON NANOTUBE DISPERSION SOLUTION AND ITS PREPARATION PROCESS |
| CN202480018053.8A CN120882659A (zh) | 2023-07-26 | 2024-07-24 | 碳纳米管分散体溶液及其制备方法 |
| JP2025562032A JP2026514938A (ja) | 2023-07-26 | 2024-07-24 | カーボンナノチューブ分散液及びこの製造方法 |
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| KR1020230097145A KR20250016770A (ko) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | 탄소 나노튜브 분산액 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| KR10-2023-0097145 | 2023-07-26 | ||
| KR1020230097142A KR20250016768A (ko) | 2023-07-26 | 2023-07-26 | 탄소 나노튜브 분산액 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| KR20190140275A (ko) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-19 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 탄소 나노튜브 분산액 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| CN112803025B (zh) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-08-19 | 深圳烯湾科技有限公司 | 单壁碳纳米管导电浆料的制备方法、锂离子电池负极材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN120882659A (zh) | 2025-10-31 |
| EP4671205A1 (en) | 2025-12-31 |
| EP4671205A4 (en) | 2026-07-01 |
| JP2026514938A (ja) | 2026-05-13 |
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