WO2025047032A1 - ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物、および、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物、および、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2025047032A1 WO2025047032A1 PCT/JP2024/020508 JP2024020508W WO2025047032A1 WO 2025047032 A1 WO2025047032 A1 WO 2025047032A1 JP 2024020508 W JP2024020508 W JP 2024020508W WO 2025047032 A1 WO2025047032 A1 WO 2025047032A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- mass
- glass fiber
- range
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
- D03D15/267—Glass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a glass composition for glass fibers, glass fibers, glass fiber fabrics, and glass fiber reinforced resin compositions.
- glass fiber reinforced resin compositions particularly printed wiring boards containing glass fiber fabrics
- biosolubility will become an important property for long glass fibers in the future.
- the inventors have already proposed a glass composition for glass fibers that is biosoluble and can be made into long fibers (see Patent Document 1).
- the long glass fibers may be exposed to water during the spinning process, such as in the process of applying a surface treatment agent to the glass fiber surface, or during the process of opening the glass fiber fabric in the process of processing the glass fibers into the form of glass roving, glass yarn, glass fiber fabric, etc. Furthermore, if the long glass fibers are stored for a long period of time in a warehouse with insufficient air conditioning during the process of processing them into final products such as glass fiber reinforced resin compositions, or when they are used as final products, they may be exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment depending on the weather conditions.
- biosoluble long glass fibers are hydrophilic and therefore have low water resistance.
- the strength of the glass filaments decreases, accelerating product deterioration, and the tension applied when transporting the glass fibers can cause the glass filaments to break, resulting in the generation of minute fluff.
- the present invention aims to provide a glass composition for glass fibers that can eliminate these inconveniences, is biosoluble, can be made into long fibers, and can produce glass filaments that have sufficiently high strength even when exposed to water or high-temperature, high-humidity environments.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention contains, based on the total amount, SiO 2 in the range of 35.00 to 50.00 mass%, Al 2 O 3 in the range of 12.00 to 28.00 mass%, B 2 O 3 in the range of 10.00 to 25.00 mass%, MgO in the range of 2.00 to 18.00 mass%, and CaO in the range of 5.00 to 25.00 mass%, and is characterized in that the total content of MgO and CaO is in the range of 17.09 to 30.00 mass%, and the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content (MgO/CaO) is in the range of 0.29 to 1.92.
- the glass composition for glass fibers of the present invention by virtue of the above-mentioned composition, is biosoluble, can be made into long fibers, and can produce glass filaments that have sufficiently high strength even when exposed to water or high temperature and humidity environments.
- having biosolubility means that the biosolubility described below is 100 ⁇ g/h or more, being able to be made into long fibers means that the working temperature range, which is the difference between the 1000 poise temperature and the liquidus temperature, is 0°C or more, and having sufficiently high strength even when exposed to water or a high temperature and humidity environment means that the strength when absorbing water, described below, is 2.1 GPa or more (i.e., having a strength when absorbing water equal to or greater than that of glass fibers made of E-glass composition).
- the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content is preferably in the range of 0.49 to 1.68, and it is possible to obtain glass filaments that are biosoluble, easy to form long fibers, and have excellent strength even when exposed to water or high-temperature, high-humidity environments.
- being easy to make into long fibers means that the working temperature range, which is the difference between the 1000 poise temperature and the liquidus temperature, is 100°C or higher, and having excellent strength even when exposed to water or a hot and humid environment means that the strength when absorbing water, as described below, is 2.3 GPa or higher.
- the glass fiber of the present invention is characterized in that it contains glass filaments made of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present invention.
- the filament diameter of the glass filaments is less than 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the glass fiber fabric and glass fiber reinforced resin composition of the present invention are characterized by containing the glass fiber of the present invention.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment contains, relative to the total amount, SiO 2 in the range of 35.00 to 50.00 mass%, Al 2 O 3 in the range of 12.00 to 28.00 mass%, B 2 O 3 in the range of 10.00 to 25.00 mass%, MgO in the range of 2.00 to 18.00 mass%, and CaO in the range of 5.00 to 25.00 mass%, the total content of MgO and CaO is in the range of 17.09 to 30.00 mass%, and the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content (MgO/CaO) is in the range of 0.29 to 1.92.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment if SiO2 is less than 35.00 mass% based on the total amount, the strength and elastic modulus of the long glass fiber are reduced, and when used in a composite material with a resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin is insufficient. On the other hand, if SiO2 is more than 50.00 mass% based on the total amount, there is a possibility that the biosolubility is reduced.
- the content of SiO 2 relative to the total amount is preferably in the range of 35.50 to 49.40 mass%, more preferably in the range of 37.00 to 48.90 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 38.00 to 47.90 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 39.00 to 47.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 40.00 to 46.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 41.00 to 45.00 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 41.60 to 44.40 mass%.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment if Al 2 O 3 is less than 12.00 mass % based on the total amount, the strength and elastic modulus of the long glass fiber are reduced, and when used in a composite material with a resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin is insufficient. On the other hand, if Al 2 O 3 is more than 28.00 mass % based on the total amount, the devitrification temperature of the molten glass becomes high, and it may be difficult to form long glass fibers.
- the content of Al 2 O 3 relative to the total amount is preferably in the range of 15.10 to 27.00 mass%, more preferably in the range of 16.10 to 26.00 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 17.00 to 25.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 18.00 to 24.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 18.50 to 23.00 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 19.00 to 22.00 mass%.
- the devitrification temperature of the molten glass becomes high, it may be difficult to lengthen the fiber, and the biosolubility may decrease.
- B 2 O 3 is more than 25.00 mass% based on the total amount, phase separation occurs in the molten glass, making it difficult to lengthen the fiber.
- the content of B 2 O 3 relative to the total amount is preferably in the range of 11.10 to 24.00 mass%, more preferably in the range of 12.00 to 21.30 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 12.30 to 18.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 12.50 to 17.50 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 12.70 to 17.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 12.80 to 16.50 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 13.50 to 16.20 mass%.
- the amount of MgO is less than 2.00 mass% relative to the total amount, the elastic modulus of the long glass fiber decreases, and when used in a composite material with resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient.
- the amount of MgO is more than 18.00 mass% relative to the total amount, the strength of the long glass fiber decreases, and when used in a composite material with resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient.
- the content of MgO relative to the total amount is preferably in the range of 3.10 to 17.00 mass%, more preferably in the range of 5.10 to 16.00 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 6.10 to 15.40 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 8.10 to 15.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 8.40 to 14.00 mass%, especially preferably in the range of 8.60 to 13.00 mass%, especially more preferably in the range of 8.70 to 12.00 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 9.10 to 11.95 mass%.
- the CaO content is less than 5.00 mass% relative to the total amount, the elastic modulus of the long glass fiber decreases, and when used in a composite material with resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient.
- the CaO content is more than 25.00 mass% relative to the total amount, the strength of the long glass fiber decreases, and when used in a composite material with resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient.
- the CaO content relative to the total amount is preferably in the range of 5.60 to 24.00 mass%, more preferably in the range of 6.60 to 23.00 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 10.10 to 22.50 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 13.40 to 22.00 mass%, especially preferably in the range of 13.80 to 21.90 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 14.00 to 17.90 mass%.
- the strength of the glass filaments decreases when the long glass fibers absorb water.
- the total content of MgO and CaO is more than 30.00 mass% relative to the total amount, the strength of the long glass fibers decreases, and when used in a composite material with resin, the effect of reinforcing the resin becomes insufficient.
- the total content of MgO and CaO relative to the total amount is preferably in the range of 18.00 to 29.00 mass%, more preferably in the range of 19.00 to 28.00 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 20.00 to 27.00 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 20.50 to 26.00 mass%, especially preferably in the range of 21.00 to 25.00 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 22.00 to 24.50 mass%.
- the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content (MgO/CaO) is less than 0.29, the strength of the glass filaments decreases when the long glass fibers absorb water.
- the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content exceeds 1.92, the devitrification temperature of the molten glass becomes high, making it difficult to form long fibers.
- the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content is preferably in the range of 0.34 to 1.75, more preferably in the range of 0.49 to 1.68, even more preferably in the range of 0.51 to 1.30, particularly preferably in the range of 0.52 to 0.99, and most preferably in the range of 0.61 to 0.92.
- the total content of SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO and MgO relative to the total amount is, for example, 91.00 mass% or more, preferably 95.00 mass% or more, more preferably 98.00 mass% or more, even more preferably 99.00 mass% or more, particularly preferably 99.30 mass% or more, particularly preferably 99.50 mass% or more, especially preferably 99.70 mass% or more, and most preferably 99.90 mass% or more.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain Fe 2 O 3 from the viewpoint of improving the degassing property of the molten glass and increasing the stability of fiber lengthening.
- the content of Fe 2 O 3 is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass %, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.30 mass %, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass %, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass %, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass %, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass %, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain ZrO 2 from the viewpoint of reducing the melt viscosity of the molten glass to facilitate fiber lengthening.
- the content of ZrO 2 is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.60 mass%, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.30 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain F 2 and Cl 2 from the viewpoint of improving the degassing property of the molten glass and increasing the stability of fiber lengthening.
- the total content of F 2 and Cl 2 is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass%, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.30 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment may contain SrO from the viewpoint of reducing the melt viscosity of the molten glass and facilitating fiber lengthening.
- the SrO content is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass%, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.30 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, relative to the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment may contain ZnO from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the devitrification temperature of the molten glass and facilitating fiber lengthening.
- the ZnO content is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass%, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.30 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain SnO 2 from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the devitrification temperature of the molten glass and facilitating fiber lengthening.
- the content of SnO 2 is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass%, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.30 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain P 2 O 5 from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the devitrification temperature of the molten glass and facilitating fiber lengthening.
- the content of P 2 O 5 is, for example, in the range of less than 2.50 mass%, preferably less than 1.50 mass%, more preferably less than 1.00 mass%, even more preferably less than 0.80 mass%, particularly preferably less than 0.60 mass%, and most preferably less than 0.50 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the content of TiO2 is, for example, in the range of 1.90 mass% or less, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to less than 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment. If TiO2 exceeds 1.90 mass%, there is a possibility that the biosolubility will decrease when the glass fiber is formed.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain Li 2 O, K 2 O, and Na 2 O.
- the total content of Li 2 O, K 2 O, and Na 2 O is, for example, in the range of 0 to 0.90 mass%, preferably in the range of 0 to 0.40 mass%, more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of 0 to 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 0.05 mass%, and most preferably in the range of 0 to 0.01 mass%, based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of the present embodiment may contain, as impurities originating from raw materials, oxides of Ba, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, W, Ce, Y, La, Bi, Gd, Pr, Sc, or Yb in a total amount of less than 1.00 mass% based on the total amount of the glass composition for glass fiber.
- the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment contains BaO, CeO2 , Y2O3 , La2O3 , Bi2O3 , Gd2O3 , Pr2O3 , Sc2O3 , or Yb2O3 as an impurity
- the content thereof is each independently preferably in the range of less than 0.40 mass%, more preferably in the range of less than 0.20 mass%, even more preferably in the range of less than 0.10 mass%, particularly preferably in the range of less than 0.05 mass%, especially preferably in the range of less than 0.01 mass%, and most preferably in the range of less than 0.004 mass%.
- the ratio of the MgO content to the Al 2 O 3 content is preferably 0.28 or more, and from the viewpoint of providing superior water resistance when made into glass fiber, the ratio is preferably 0.63 or less.
- the ratio of the MgO content to the Al 2 O 3 content is preferably in the range of 0.28 to 0.77, and more preferably in the range of 0.41 to 0.63.
- the glass filaments tend to be less susceptible to degradation when absorbing water while maintaining the biosolubility of the long glass fibers.
- the upper limit of formula (1) or formula (2) is 34.0 or less, preferably 33.0 or less, the biosolubility is improved, and the stability of long fiber formation is improved by widening the working temperature range.
- the content of each of the above-mentioned components can be measured using an ICP optical emission spectrometer for the light element Li, and a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer for the other elements. Specifically, the content of each of the above-mentioned components can be measured as follows.
- a glass batch prepared by mixing glass raw materials or glass fiber is placed in a platinum crucible and melted in an electric furnace at a temperature of 1350-1550°C for the glass batch or 1300-1450°C for the glass fiber while stirring for 6 hours to obtain homogeneous molten glass. If organic matter is attached to the surface of the glass fiber or if the glass fiber is contained mainly as a reinforcing material in an organic material such as a resin, the organic matter is removed by heating for 0.5-24 hours in a muffle furnace at 300-650°C, for example.
- the light element Li is quantitatively analyzed using an ICP optical emission spectrometer after the glass powder is heated and decomposed with acid.
- Other elements are quantitatively analyzed using a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer after the glass powder is formed into a disk shape using a press.
- Quantitative analysis using a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer can be performed by preparing a calibration curve sample based on the results measured using the fundamental parameter method, and analyzing it using the calibration curve method. The content of each component in the calibration curve sample can be quantitatively analyzed using an ICP optical emission spectrometer.
- the glass fiber of this embodiment includes glass filaments made of the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment.
- the glass fiber of this embodiment can be produced as follows.
- a glass raw material (glass batch) is prepared to have the composition of the glass composition for glass fiber of this embodiment based on the components and the content of each component contained in the ore that will be the glass raw material, and the amount of each component that volatilizes during the melting process.
- the glass raw material is supplied to a melting furnace and melted at a temperature in the range of, for example, 1350 to 1550°C.
- the molten glass batch (molten glass) is drawn out from 1 to 20,000 nozzle tips of a bushing that are controlled to a predetermined temperature, and quenched to form glass filaments.
- a sizing agent or binder is applied to the formed glass filaments using an applicator, which is a coating device, and 1 to 20,000 glass filaments are bundled using a bundling shoe, while a winding machine winds them up at high speed onto a tube to obtain glass fibers.
- the glass filament (glass filament) discharged from one nozzle tip or hole and cooled and solidified usually has a perfect circular cross-sectional shape and preferably has a diameter (filament diameter) of less than 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the nozzle tip has a non-circular shape and has a protrusion or a notch for quenching the molten glass, it is possible to obtain a glass filament having a non-circular cross-sectional shape, such as an ellipse or an oval, by controlling the temperature conditions.
- the converted fiber diameter which is the fiber diameter when the cross-sectional area is converted to a perfect circle, is less than 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the filament diameter is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m, preferably 1.0 ⁇ m, and more preferably 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the filament diameter of the glass filament can be calculated, for example, as follows. First, the glass fiber is embedded in a resin such as an epoxy resin, and the resin is cured. The cured resin is then cut and its cross section is polished. Next, the cross section of the cured resin is observed using an electron microscope, and for 50 or more glass filaments exposed on the cross section, if the cross section of the glass filament is a perfect circle or an almost perfect circle, the diameter is measured. If the cross section of the glass filament is other than a perfect circle or an almost perfect circle, the cross section is calculated, and the equivalent fiber diameter is calculated based on the cross section. Next, the filament diameter of the glass filament is calculated by finding the average value of the measured or calculated diameters or equivalent fiber diameters. The filament diameter of the glass filament can also be measured by processing the image obtained from the electron microscope using an automatic analyzer.
- the filament diameter of the glass filament can be measured, for example, as follows. First, the glass fiber reinforced resin molded product is heated at 625°C for 30 minutes to incinerate the thermoplastic resin and extract the glass fiber. Next, the filament diameter of the glass filament is measured in the same manner as the method for measuring the filament diameter of the glass filament in the glass fiber described above.
- the glass fiber of this embodiment may have its surface coated with an organic material for the purpose of improving the bundling of the glass filaments, improving the adhesion between the glass fiber and the resin, improving the uniform dispersion of the glass fiber in a mixture of the glass fiber and the resin or the inorganic material, etc.
- organic materials include starch, urethane resin, epoxy resin, vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, modified polypropylene, particularly carboxylic acid modified polypropylene, (poly)carboxylic acid, particularly a copolymer of maleic acid and an unsaturated monomer, etc.
- the glass fiber of this embodiment may be coated with a resin composition containing, in addition to these resins, a silane coupling agent, a lubricant, a surfactant, etc.
- the glass fiber of this embodiment may be coated with a treatment composition that does not contain the above resins and contains a silane coupling agent, a surfactant, etc.
- a resin composition or treatment composition coats the glass fiber at a ratio of 0.03 to 2.0 mass % based on the mass of the glass fiber of this embodiment in a state where it is not coated with the resin composition or treatment composition.
- the coating of glass fibers with the organic matter can be carried out, for example, in the glass fiber manufacturing process, by applying a resin solution or a resin composition solution to the glass fibers using a known method such as a roller-type applicator, and then drying the glass fibers to which the resin solution or the resin composition solution has been applied.
- the coating of glass fibers with the organic matter can be carried out by immersing the glass fibers of this embodiment in the form of a woven fabric in a treatment composition solution, and then drying the glass fibers to which the treatment composition has been applied.
- examples of the silane coupling agent include aminosilane, ureidosilane, chlorosilane, epoxysilane, mercaptosilane, vinylsilane, (meth)acrylicsilane, phenylsilane, styrylsilane, and isocyanatesilane.
- the silane coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aminosilanes include ⁇ -aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- ⁇ -(aminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ -(aminoethyl)-N'- ⁇ -(aminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and ⁇ -anilinopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- ureidosilanes examples include gamma-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane.
- chlorosilane is gamma-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane.
- epoxy silanes include ⁇ -(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- mercaptosilanes examples include ⁇ -mercaptotrimethoxysilane and ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- vinyl silanes include vinyltrimethoxysilane, N- ⁇ -(N-vinylbenzylaminoethyl)- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, and N-benzyl- ⁇ -aminoethyl- ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- (Meth)acrylic silanes include ⁇ -acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc.
- phenylsilanes examples include phenyltrimethoxysilane.
- styrylsilane is p-styryltrimethoxysilane.
- isocyanate silanes examples include gamma-isocyanate propyl triethoxy silane.
- Lubricants include modified silicone oils, animal oils and their hydrogenated products, vegetable oils and their hydrogenated products, animal waxes, vegetable waxes, mineral waxes, condensates of higher saturated fatty acids and higher saturated alcohols, polyethyleneimines, polyalkylpolyamine alkylamide derivatives, fatty acid amides, and quaternary ammonium salts.
- the lubricants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- An example of an animal oil is beef tallow.
- Vegetable oils include soybean oil, coconut oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, castor oil, etc.
- animal waxes examples include beeswax and lanolin.
- Examples of vegetable waxes include candelilla wax and carnauba wax.
- mineral waxes examples include paraffin wax, montan wax, etc.
- condensation products of higher saturated fatty acids and higher saturated alcohols include stearic acid esters such as lauryl stearate.
- fatty acid amides include dehydrated condensates of polyethylene polyamines such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, and tetraethylenepentamine with fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid.
- Quaternary ammonium salts include alkyltrimethylammonium salts such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride.
- Surfactants include nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- the surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Nonionic surfactants include ethylene oxide propylene oxide alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers, alkyl polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer ethers, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid monoesters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid diesters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, glycerol fatty acid ester ethylene oxide adducts, polyoxyethylene castor oil ethers, hydrogenated castor oil ethylene oxide adducts, alkylamine ethylene oxide adducts, fatty acid amide ethylene oxide adducts, glycerol fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol fatty acid esters, sorbitol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyhydric alcohol alkyl
- Cationic surfactants include alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, higher alkyl amine salts (such as acetates and hydrochlorides), ethylene oxide adducts of higher alkyl amines, condensates of higher fatty acids and polyalkylene polyamines, salts of esters of higher fatty acids and alkanolamines, salts of higher fatty acid amides, imidazoline-type cationic surfactants, and alkyl pyridinium salts.
- Anionic surfactants include higher alcohol sulfates, higher alkyl ether sulfates, ⁇ -olefin sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, ⁇ -olefin sulfonates, reaction products of fatty acid halides and N-methyltaurine, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, higher alcohol phosphates, and phosphates of higher alcohol ethylene oxide adducts.
- amphoteric surfactants include amino acid type amphoteric surfactants such as alkali metal salts of alkylaminopropionic acid, betaine type amphoteric surfactants such as alkyldimethylbetaine, and imidazoline type amphoteric surfactants.
- Glass fiber may be in the form of woven fabric (glass cloth), knitted fabric, yarn, chopped strand, roving, chopped strand mat, paper, mesh, woven fabric, milled fiber, etc., with chopped strand, roving, and woven fabric (glass cloth) being preferred, and woven fabric (glass cloth) being even more preferred.
- the number of glass filaments constituting the glass fiber of this embodiment is, for example, 10 to 20,000, preferably 50 to 10,000, and more preferably 1,000 to 8,000.
- the length of the chopped strand, which is the glass fiber of this embodiment is, for example, 1.0 to 100.0 mm, preferably 1.2 to 51.0 mm, more preferably 1.5 to 30.0 mm, even more preferably 2.0 to 15.0 mm, and particularly preferably 2.3 to 7.8 mm.
- the chopped strand can be obtained by cutting the glass fiber produced by the above-mentioned method to the above-mentioned predetermined length with a known device such as a long fiber cutting device that feeds and cuts the glass strand between a cutter roller with cutters (cutting blades) attached radially at equal intervals and a rubber roller that rotates in contact with the cutter and has rubber on its outer periphery.
- a known device such as a long fiber cutting device that feeds and cuts the glass strand between a cutter roller with cutters (cutting blades) attached radially at equal intervals and a rubber roller that rotates in contact with the cutter and has rubber on its outer periphery.
- the number of glass filaments constituting the glass fiber of this embodiment is, for example, 200 to 30,000.
- the roving, which is the glass fiber of this embodiment has a mass per unit length of 0.5 to 10,000 tex (g/1000 m).
- the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment is made of the glass fibers of this embodiment.
- the glass fabric of this embodiment can be obtained by weaving the glass fibers of this embodiment as warp and weft threads using a loom known per se.
- the loom include jet looms such as air jets or water jets, shuttle looms, and rapier looms.
- weaving methods using the loom include plain weave, satin weave, twill weave, and sash weave, with plain weave being preferred from the viewpoint of manufacturing efficiency.
- the glass fibers of this embodiment contained in the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment are made of glass filaments with a filament diameter of 2.0 ⁇ m or more and 9.0 ⁇ m or less, and preferably have a mass of 0.35 to 70.0 tex (g/1000 m), more preferably have a mass of 0.5 to 70.0 tex (g/1000 m), and are further preferably made of glass filaments with a filament diameter of 2.0 ⁇ m or more and less than 3.0 ⁇ m, and have a mass of 0.35 to 1.5 tex, and are particularly preferably made of glass filaments with a filament diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 tex.
- the filament diameter of the glass fiber of this embodiment contained in the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment is the average value of the measured values when the diameter of the glass filaments constituting the glass fiber is measured at at least 50 points on the cross section of the glass fiber using a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd., product name: JSM-IT800, magnification: 3000 times).
- the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment is preferably composed of warp threads having a weave density of 40 to 150 threads/25 mm and weft threads having a weave density of 40 to 150 threads/25 mm.
- the weave density of the warp threads can be determined by counting the number of warp threads within a 25 mm range in the warp direction using a fabric speculum in accordance with JIS R 3420.
- the weave density of the weft threads can be determined by counting the number of weft threads within a 25 mm range in the weft direction using a fabric speculum in accordance with JIS R 3420.
- the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment may be subjected to a de-oiling treatment, a surface treatment, and a fiber opening treatment.
- One example of a de-oiling process is placing the glass fiber fabric in a heating furnace with an atmospheric temperature of 350°C to 400°C for 40 to 80 hours to thermally decompose the organic matter adhering to the glass fiber.
- the surface treatment may involve immersing the glass fiber fabric in a solution containing the silane coupling agent or the silane coupling agent and the surfactant, squeezing out excess water, and then drying by heating at a temperature range of 80 to 180°C for 1 to 30 minutes.
- Examples of the opening process include applying a tension of 20 to 200 N to the warp threads of the glass fiber fabric and opening them with water pressure, opening them with high-frequency vibrations using a liquid as a medium, opening them with the pressure of a fluid with surface pressure, and opening them with pressure from a roll, thereby expanding the thread width of the warp and weft threads.
- the glass fiber fabric of the present embodiment preferably has a mass in the range of 2.5 to 220 g/m 2 , more preferably in the range of 5.0 to 220 g/m 2.
- the glass fiber fabric preferably has a thickness in the range of 4.0 to 200.0 ⁇ m.
- the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment may also have a surface treatment layer containing the silane coupling agent, or the silane coupling agent and the surfactant.
- the surface treatment layer may have a mass in the range of, for example, 0.03 to 1.50 mass% relative to the total mass of the glass fiber fabric including the surface treatment layer.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of this embodiment contains the glass fiber of this embodiment described above. Specifically, the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of this embodiment contains 10 to 90 mass % of glass fiber relative to the total amount of the glass fiber reinforced resin composition in a glass fiber reinforced resin composition containing resin (thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin), glass fiber, and other additives. Also, the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of this embodiment contains 90 to 10 mass % of resin relative to the total amount of the glass fiber reinforced resin composition, and contains other additives in the range of 0 to 40 mass %.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene/maleic anhydride resin, styrene/maleimide resin, polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile/styrene (AS) resin, acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene (ABS) resin, chlorinated polyethylene/acrylonitrile/styrene (ACS) resin, acrylonitrile/ethylene/styrene (AES) resin, acrylonitrile/styrene/methyl acrylate (ASA) resin, styrene/acrylonitrile (SAN) resin, methacrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyamide, polyacetal, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polycarbonate, polyarylene sulf
- polyethylene examples include high density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene examples include high density polyethylene (HDPE), medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
- polypropylene examples include isotactic polypropylene, atactic polypropylene, syndiotactic polypropylene, and mixtures thereof.
- polystyrene examples include general-purpose polystyrene (GPPS), which is an atactic polystyrene with an atactic structure, high impact polystyrene (HIPS), which is GPPS with a rubber component added, and syndiotactic polystyrene, which has a syndiotactic structure.
- GPPS general-purpose polystyrene
- HIPS high impact polystyrene
- syndiotactic polystyrene which has a syndiotactic structure.
- Methacrylic resins include polymers obtained by homopolymerizing one of the following: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, styrene, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and fatty acid vinyl esters, or copolymers obtained by copolymerizing two or more of these.
- polyvinyl chloride examples include vinyl chloride homopolymers polymerized by conventional methods such as emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, microsuspension polymerization, and bulk polymerization, copolymers of vinyl chloride monomers with monomers copolymerizable therewith, and graft copolymers in which vinyl chloride monomers are graft-polymerized onto a polymer.
- Polyamides include polycaproamide (nylon 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), polytetramethylene adipamide (nylon 46), polytetramethylene sebacamide (nylon 410), polypentamethylene adipamide (nylon 56), polypentamethylene sebacamide (nylon 510), polyhexamethylene sebacamide (nylon 610), polyhexamethylene dodecamide (nylon 612), polydecamethylene adipamide (nylon 106), polydeca Methylene sebacamide (nylon 1010), polydecamethylene dodecamide (nylon 1012), polyundecane amide (nylon 11), polyundecamethylene adipamide (nylon 116), polydodecanamide (nylon 12), polyxylene adipamide (nylon XD6), polyxylene sebacamide (nylon XD10), polymeta-xylylene adipamide (nylon MXD6), polypara-xylylene
- Polyacetals include homopolymers whose main repeating unit is oxymethylene units, and copolymers that are mainly composed of oxymethylene units and contain oxyalkylene units with 2 to 8 adjacent carbon atoms in the main chain.
- polyethylene terephthalate is a polymer that can be obtained by polycondensing terephthalic acid or its derivatives with ethylene glycol.
- polybutylene terephthalate examples include polymers that can be obtained by polycondensation of terephthalic acid or its derivatives with 1,4-butanediol.
- polytrimethylene terephthalate examples include polymers that can be obtained by polycondensing terephthalic acid or its derivatives with 1,3-propanediol.
- polycarbonates examples include polymers that can be obtained by the transesterification method in which a dihydroxy diaryl compound is reacted with a carbonate ester such as diphenyl carbonate in a molten state, or polymers that can be obtained by the phosgene method in which a dihydroxy diaryl compound is reacted with phosgene.
- polyarylene sulfides examples include linear polyphenylene sulfide, cross-linked polyphenylene sulfide that has been polymerized and then cured, polyphenylene sulfide sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide ether, and polyphenylene sulfide ketone.
- Polyphenylene ethers include poly(2,3-dimethyl-6-ethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-chloromethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-hydroxyethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-n-butyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-ethyl-6-isopropyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-ethyl-6-n-propyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly[2-(4'-methylphenyl)-1,4-phenylene ether], poly(2-bromo-6-phenyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-methyl-6-phenyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2-phenyl-1,4-phenyl Examples of such poly(2-chloro-1,4-phenylene ether),
- modified polyphenylene ethers include polymer alloys of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and polystyrene, polymer alloys of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and styrene/butadiene copolymer, polymer alloys of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer, polymer alloys of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and polyamide, polymer alloys of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) ether and styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer, polyphenylene ethers having functional groups such as amino, epoxy, carboxy, and styryl groups introduced at the polymer chain ends, and polyphenylene ethers having functional groups such as amino, epoxy, carboxy, styryl,
- polyaryletherketones examples include polyetherketone (PEK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetheretherketoneketone (PEEKK), etc.
- liquid crystal polymers examples include (co)polymers that are thermotropic liquid crystal polyesters and are composed of one or more structural units selected from aromatic hydroxycarbonyl units, aromatic dihydroxy units, aromatic dicarbonyl units, aliphatic dihydroxy units, aliphatic dicarbonyl units, etc.
- fluororesins examples include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), perfluoroalkoxy resin (PFA), fluorinated ethylene propylene resin (FEP), fluorinated ethylene tetrafluoroethylene resin (ETFE), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene resin (ECTFE), etc.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxy resin
- FEP fluorinated ethylene propylene resin
- ETFE fluorinated ethylene tetrafluoroethylene resin
- PVDF polyvinyl fluoride
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- ECTFE ethylene/chlorotrifluoroethylene resin
- Ionomer (IO) resins include copolymers of olefins or styrene with unsaturated carboxylic acids, in which some of the carboxyl groups have been neutralized with metal ions.
- olefin/vinyl alcohol resins examples include ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers, propylene/vinyl alcohol copolymers, saponified ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers, and saponified propylene/vinyl acetate copolymers.
- Cyclic olefin resins include monocyclic compounds such as cyclohexene, polycyclic compounds such as tetracyclopentadiene, and polymers of cyclic olefin monomers.
- polylactic acid examples include poly-L-lactic acid, which is a homopolymer of the L-form, poly-D-lactic acid, which is a homopolymer of the D-form, and stereocomplex polylactic acid, which is a mixture of these.
- cellulose resins include methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxy cellulose, hydroxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, and cellulose butyrate.
- thermosetting resin examples include unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, epoxy (EP) resin, melamine (MF) resin, phenolic resin (PF), urethane resin (PU), polyisocyanate, polyisocyanurate, modified polyimide (PI) resin, urea (UF) resin, silicone (SI) resin, furan (FR) resin, benzoguanamine (BR) resin, alkyd resin, xylene resin, bismaleimide triazine (BT) resin, and diallyl phthalate resin (PDAP).
- unsaturated polyester resins include resins that can be obtained by esterifying an aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acid with an aliphatic diol.
- vinyl ester resins include bis-vinyl ester resins and novolac-vinyl ester resins.
- Epoxy resins include bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol E type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, bisphenol M type epoxy resin (4,4'-(1,3-phenylenediisopridiene) bisphenol type epoxy resin), bisphenol P type epoxy resin (4,4'-(1,4-phenylenediisopridiene) bisphenol type epoxy resin), bisphenol Z type epoxy resin (4,4'-cyclohexydiene bisphenol type epoxy resin), phenol novolac type epoxy resin, cresol novolac type epoxy resin, tetraphenol group ethane type novolac type
- Examples of epoxy resins include novolac-type epoxy resins having a condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon structure, biphenyl-type epoxy resins, aralkyl-type epoxy resins such as xylylene-type epoxy resins and phenylaralkyl-type epoxy resins, naphthylene ether-type epoxy resins, naphthol-type epoxy resins, n
- a melamine resin is a polymer formed by polycondensation of melamine (2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine) and formaldehyde.
- Phenol resins include novolac-type phenol resins such as phenol novolac resin, cresol novolac resin, and bisphenol A-type novolac resin; resol-type phenol resins such as methylol-type resol resin and dimethylene ether-type resol resin; and aryl alkylene-type phenol resins, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more of these.
- Urea resins include resins that can be obtained by condensation of urea and formaldehyde.
- thermoplastic resin or the thermosetting resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the other additives may include, for example, reinforcing fibers other than glass fibers, such as carbon fibers and metal fibers, fillers other than glass fibers, such as glass powder, talc, and mica, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, flow improvers, antiblocking agents, lubricants, nucleating agents, antibacterial agents, pigments, etc.
- reinforcing fibers other than glass fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- fillers other than glass fibers such as glass powder, talc, and mica
- flame retardants such as ultraviolet absorbers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, flow improvers, antiblocking agents, lubricants, nucleating agents, antibacterial agents, pigments, etc.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of this embodiment may be a prepreg obtained by impregnating the glass fiber fabric of this embodiment with the resin by a method known per se and semi-curing it.
- the glass fiber reinforced resin composition of this embodiment can be molded by a known molding method to obtain various glass fiber reinforced resin molded products.
- known molding methods include injection molding, injection compression molding, two-color molding, hollow molding, foam molding including supercritical fluid, insert molding, in-mold coating molding, autoclave molding, extrusion molding, sheet molding, thermoforming, rotational molding, laminate molding, press molding, blow molding, stamping molding, infusion, hand layup, spray-up, low pressure RIM molding, resin transfer molding, sheet molding compound method, bulk molding compound method, pultrusion method, filament winding method, etc.
- Glass fiber reinforced resin molded products can also be obtained by curing the prepreg.
- molded products include, for example, printed wiring boards, electronic components such as connectors, housings for electronic devices, interior and exterior vehicle components, housings for electronic devices such as antennas and radars, and separators for fuel cells.
- the obtained glass batch was placed in a platinum crucible, and the platinum crucible was held in an electric furnace for 4 hours at a temperature range of 1350 to 1550°C, which is suitable for melting the glass batches of each Example, Comparative Example, and Reference Example, and the glass batch was melted while being stirred, thereby obtaining homogeneous molten glass.
- the obtained molten glass was then poured onto a carbon plate and cooled to obtain lump-shaped glass cullet.
- the total dissolution rate of Si, B, Al, and Ca in the glass fiber obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber in Example 1 was 106 ⁇ g/h, the working temperature range was 159°C, and the linear expansion coefficient was 5.5 ppm/K.
- the glass cullet was put into a platinum vessel equipped with one nozzle tip at the bottom, and the platinum vessel was heated to a temperature in the range of 1150 to 1350 ° C. to melt the glass cullet and obtain molten glass. Then, the molten glass was drawn out from the nozzle tip and wound around a winding device. Next, the heating temperature of the platinum vessel and the winding speed of the winding device were adjusted, and the glass fiber was wound around the winding device at a heating temperature in the range of 1150 to 1350 ° C.
- the glass fiber sample was cut to a length of 1 to 3 mm, which is a length that fits into an in-line filter holder, to prepare a glass fiber sample for elution testing.
- the glass fiber sample for elution testing was placed on a membrane filter with a pore size of 0.2 ⁇ m installed in an in-line filter holder, and the artificial lung fluid heated to 37° C. was pumped to a flow rate of 140 to 170 mL/day and sent into the in-line filter holder, and the filtrate that passed through the test glass fiber sample and the filter holder was collected in a container to perform an elution test.
- the mass of the sample placed on the membrane filter was adjusted so that the ratio (flow rate of artificial lung fluid/surface area of sample) of the flow rate of the artificial lung fluid (unit: ⁇ m 3 /s) to the surface area of the sample (unit: ⁇ m 2 ) was 0.030 ⁇ 0.005 ⁇ m/s.
- IPC-AES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
- the glass cullet was melted in a platinum crucible using a high-temperature electric furnace equipped with a rotational viscometer (manufactured by Motoyama Corporation), and the viscosity of the molten glass was continuously measured while changing the melting temperature using a rotational viscometer.
- the 1000 poise temperature was determined by measuring the temperature corresponding to the rotational viscosity of 1000 poise.
- the working temperature range ⁇ T 1000 poise temperature - liquidus temperature
- ⁇ T 1000 poise temperature - liquidus temperature
- the glass cullet obtained above was put into a platinum vessel equipped with one nozzle tip at the bottom, and the platinum vessel was heated to a temperature in the range of 1150 to 1350 ° C. to melt the glass cullet and obtain molten glass.
- the molten glass was then drawn out from the nozzle tip and wound around a winding device.
- the heating temperature of the platinum vessel and the winding speed of the winding device were then adjusted to a heating temperature in the range of 1150 to 1350 ° C.
- the monofilament was attached to a specified mount with a hole of 25 mm diameter in the center. It was then completely immersed in distilled water at 25°C. After immersion for 3 hours, it was removed from the distilled water and dried by leaving it to stand in a dryer set at 50°C for 1 hour to prepare a test specimen.
- the test specimen was set in the grip of a tensile tester (manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd.), the end of the mount was cut off, and a tensile test was performed at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. The strength when water was absorbed was calculated from the maximum load value at break and the fiber cross-sectional area.
- the glass compositions for glass fibers of Examples 1-4 can produce glass filaments that are biosoluble, can be lengthened, and have sufficiently high strength when absorbing water.
- the glass filaments obtained from the glass compositions for glass fiber of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content (MgO/CaO) is less than 0.29, are biosoluble but are unable to obtain sufficiently high strength upon water absorption. Also, it is clear that the glass filaments obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber of Comparative Example 3, in which the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content (MgO/CaO) is more than 1.92 and the total content of MgO and CaO is less than 17.09 mass%, are biosoluble but are unable to obtain sufficiently high strength upon water absorption and have low fiber lengthening potential.
- the ratio of the MgO content to the CaO content is within the range of the present invention, it is clear that the glass filaments obtained from the glass composition for glass fibers of Comparative Example 4, in which the total content of MgO and CaO is less than 17.09 mass%, are biosoluble but are unable to obtain sufficiently high strength when absorbing water.
- the glass filaments obtained from the glass composition for glass fiber of the Reference Example in which the SiO2 content is more than 50.00 mass% and the MgO content is less than 2.00 mass% relative to the total amount, do not have biosolubility.
- the glass composition of the glass composition for glass fiber of the Reference Example is an E-glass composition, which is the most commonly used glass composition for glass fiber.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
20.8≦S×(C+M)/(A+B)≦34.0 ・・・(1)
27.0≦S×(C+M)/(A+B)≦33.0 ・・・(2)
まず、溶融固化後のガラス組成が、表2に示された実施例1~4、比較例1~4及び参考例の各組成となるように、ガラス原料を混合し、ガラスバッチを得た。
まず、底部に1個のノズルチップを備えた白金製容器に前述のガラスカレットを投入し、白金製容器を1150~1350℃の範囲の温度に加熱して、ガラスカレットを溶融して溶融ガラスを得た。次いで、ノズルチップから溶融ガラスを引きだして巻き取り装置に巻き付けた。次いで、白金製容器の加熱温度及び巻き取り装置の巻き取り速度を調整し、1150~1350℃の範囲の、各実施例、比較例及び参考例のガラス組成に適した加熱温度、及び、600~1200rpmの範囲の、各実施例、比較例及び参考例のガラス組成に適した巻き取り速度でガラス繊維を巻き取り装置に巻き取り、フィラメント径13.0μmのガラス繊維サンプルを得た。
回転粘度計付高温電気炉(株式会社モトヤマ製)を用い、白金ルツボ中で前述のガラスカレットを溶融し、回転式粘度計を用いて溶融温度を変化させながら連続的に溶融ガラスの粘度を測定し、回転粘度が1000ポイズのときに対応する温度を測定することにより1000ポイズ温度を求めた。
底部に1個のノズルチップを備えた白金製容器に得られた前述のガラスカレットを投入し、白金製容器を1150~1350℃の範囲の温度に加熱して、ガラスカレットを溶融して溶融ガラスを得た。次いで、ノズルチップから溶融ガラスを引きだして巻き取り装置に巻き付けた。次いで、白金製容器の加熱温度及び巻き取り装置の巻き取り速度を調整し、1150~1350℃の範囲の、各実施例、比較例及び参考例のガラス組成に適した加熱温度、及び、600~1200rpmの範囲の、各実施例、比較例及び参考例のガラス組成に適した巻き取り速度でガラス繊維を巻き取り装置に巻き取り、フィラメント径13.0μmのガラス繊維を得た。
前述のガラスカレットの歪みを取り除くために、徐冷温度(550~750℃)で2時間加熱し、8時間かけて室温まで冷却し、試験片を得た。次に、前記試験片を、切削加工機、例えばダイヤモンドカッターと研磨機とを用いて、4mm×4mm×20mmの線膨張係数測定用試験片に加工した。次に、得られた線膨張係数測定用試験片を昇温速度10℃/分で加熱し、50~200℃の範囲の温度で、熱膨張率測定装置(NETZSCH社製、商品名:DIL402)を用いて伸び量を測定し、該伸び量から線膨張係数を算出した。
Claims (6)
- ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物であって、
全量に対し、35.00~50.00質量%の範囲のSiO2と、
12.00~28.00質量%の範囲のAl2O3と、
10.00~25.00質量%の範囲のB2O3と、
2.00~18.00質量%の範囲のMgOと、
5.00~25.00質量%の範囲のCaOとを含み、
MgOとCaOとの合計含有率が17.09~30.00質量%の範囲であり、
CaOの含有率に対するMgOの含有率の比(MgO/CaO)が0.29~1.92の範囲であることを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。 - 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物において、CaOの含有率に対するMgOの含有率の比(MgO/CaO)が0.49~1.68の範囲であることを特徴とする、ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物。
- 請求項1記載のガラス繊維用ガラス組成物からなるガラスフィラメントを含むことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維。
- 請求項3記載のガラス繊維において、前記ガラスフィラメントのフィラメント径が、3.0μm未満であることを特徴とする、ガラス繊維。
- 請求項3又は請求項4記載のガラス繊維を含むことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維織物。
- 請求項3又は請求項4記載のガラス繊維を含むことを特徴とする、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物。
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19/103,291 US12459856B2 (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | Glass composition for glass fiber, glass fiber, glass fiber woven fabric, and glass fiber reinforced resin composition |
| CN202480003762.9A CN119923375B (zh) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | 玻璃纤维用玻璃组合物、玻璃纤维、玻璃纤维织物以及玻璃纤维强化树脂组合物 |
| JP2024550713A JP7598084B1 (ja) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物、および、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 |
| KR1020257003484A KR102814870B1 (ko) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | 유리섬유용 유리 조성물, 유리섬유, 유리섬유 직물 및 유리섬유 강화 수지 조성물 |
| EP24847257.3A EP4553050A4 (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | GLASS COMPOSITION FOR GLASS FIBERS, FIBERGLASS, WOVEN FABRIC OF GLASS FIBERS, AND RESIN COMPOSITION REINFORCED BY GLASS FIBERS |
| MYPI2025000983A MY210503A (en) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | Glass composition for glass fiber, glass fiber, glass fiber woven fabric, and glass fiber reinforced resin composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2023141466 | 2023-08-31 | ||
| JP2023-141466 | 2023-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025047032A1 true WO2025047032A1 (ja) | 2025-03-06 |
Family
ID=94685277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2024/020508 Pending WO2025047032A1 (ja) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-06-05 | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物、および、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2025047032A1 (ja) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS565352A (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1981-01-20 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Glass composition for fiber |
| JPH0193436A (ja) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-12 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 基板材料用ガラス組成物 |
| JP2009286686A (ja) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-12-10 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維及びガラス繊維シート状物 |
| WO2019077883A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | 鉦則 藤田 | ガラス組成物、綿状ガラス繊維、複合形成材料、成形品、および、綿状ガラス繊維の製造方法 |
| WO2022138823A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-30 | 日東紡績株式会社 | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 |
-
2024
- 2024-06-05 WO PCT/JP2024/020508 patent/WO2025047032A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS565352A (en) * | 1979-06-22 | 1981-01-20 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Glass composition for fiber |
| JPH0193436A (ja) * | 1987-09-30 | 1989-04-12 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 基板材料用ガラス組成物 |
| JP2009286686A (ja) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-12-10 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維及びガラス繊維シート状物 |
| WO2019077883A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | 鉦則 藤田 | ガラス組成物、綿状ガラス繊維、複合形成材料、成形品、および、綿状ガラス繊維の製造方法 |
| WO2022138823A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-06-30 | 日東紡績株式会社 | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 |
| JP7107468B1 (ja) | 2020-12-23 | 2022-07-27 | 日東紡績株式会社 | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| K. SEBASTIAN. ET AL., GLASS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 75, 2002, pages 263 - 270 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202511210A (zh) | 2025-03-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI905386B (zh) | 玻璃纖維用玻璃組成物、玻璃纖維、玻璃纖維織物及玻璃纖維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| KR102400041B1 (ko) | 유리 섬유용 유리 조성물, 유리 섬유, 유리 섬유 직물 및 유리 섬유 강화 수지 조성물 | |
| JP7107468B1 (ja) | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| WO2015156880A2 (en) | Sheath and core yarn for thermoplastic composite | |
| CN116670091A (zh) | 玻璃纤维用玻璃组合物、玻璃纤维、玻璃纤维织物及玻璃纤维强化树脂组合物 | |
| TWI877532B (zh) | 玻璃纖維用玻璃組成物、玻璃纖維、玻璃纖維織物及經玻璃纖維強化之樹脂組成物 | |
| JP7460942B1 (ja) | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物、及び、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| JP7598084B1 (ja) | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物、および、ガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| TWI903039B (zh) | 玻璃纖維用玻璃組成物、玻璃纖維、玻璃纖維織物及玻璃纖維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| JP7801655B1 (ja) | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラスクロス及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| TWI922971B (zh) | 玻璃纖維用玻璃組成物、玻璃纖維、玻璃纖維梭織物及經玻璃纖維強化之樹脂組成物 | |
| US12630461B2 (en) | Glass composition for glass fiber, glass fiber, glass fiber woven fabric, and glass fiber reinforced resin composition | |
| JP7283647B1 (ja) | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| JP7560761B2 (ja) | ガラス繊維用ガラス組成物、ガラス繊維、ガラス繊維織物及びガラス繊維強化樹脂組成物 | |
| WO2025154568A1 (ja) | ガラス繊維およびガラス繊維強化樹脂成形品 | |
| HK40120434B (zh) | 玻璃纤维用玻璃组合物、玻璃纤维、玻璃纤维织物以及玻璃纤维强化树脂组合物 | |
| HK40120434A (zh) | 玻璃纤维用玻璃组合物、玻璃纤维、玻璃纤维织物以及玻璃纤维强化树脂组合物 | |
| TW202511210A (zh) | 玻璃纖維用玻璃組成物、玻璃纖維、玻璃纖維梭織物及經玻璃纖維強化之樹脂組成物 | |
| HK40087022B (zh) | 玻璃纤维用玻璃组合物、玻璃纤维、玻璃纤维织物及玻璃纤维强化树脂组合物 | |
| HK40087022A (zh) | 玻璃纤维用玻璃组合物、玻璃纤维、玻璃纤维织物及玻璃纤维强化树脂组合物 | |
| HK40076185A (en) | Glass composition for glass fibers, glass fibers, glass fiber fabric, and glass fiber-reinforced resin composition |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2024550713 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2024550713 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20257003484 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202480003762.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2024847257 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20250206 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2501001531 Country of ref document: TH |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1020257003484 Country of ref document: KR |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11202500947V Country of ref document: SG |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11202500947V Country of ref document: SG |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 202480003762.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2024847257 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 202480003762.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 11202500947V Country of ref document: SG |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11202500947V Country of ref document: SG |

