WO2025105776A1 - 전고체 전지 및 이의 제조방법 - Google Patents
전고체 전지 및 이의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025105776A1 WO2025105776A1 PCT/KR2024/017605 KR2024017605W WO2025105776A1 WO 2025105776 A1 WO2025105776 A1 WO 2025105776A1 KR 2024017605 W KR2024017605 W KR 2024017605W WO 2025105776 A1 WO2025105776 A1 WO 2025105776A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an all-solid-state battery and a method for manufacturing the same.
- Representative examples include metal-air batteries with much larger theoretical capacity than lithium secondary batteries, all-solid-state batteries with no risk of explosion in terms of safety, supercapacitors for output, NaS batteries or RFBs (redox flow batteries) for large-scale applications, and thin film batteries for miniaturization, all of which are being continuously researched in academia and industry.
- An all-solid-state battery is a battery that replaces the liquid electrolyte used in conventional lithium secondary batteries with a solid one, and since it does not use a flammable solvent in the battery, there is no risk of ignition or explosion due to decomposition reactions of conventional electrolytes, so safety can be greatly improved.
- Li metal or Li alloy can be used as the negative electrode material, there is an advantage in that the energy density for the mass and volume of the battery can be dramatically improved.
- each electrode is assembled one by one on the top of the pouch, and there is a limit to assembling the cell with precise alignment.
- stacking cells to improve energy density if cells that are not precisely aligned are used, an unstable stack structure is formed, which may cause cracks and short circuits.
- FIGS. 1A to 1C are schematic diagrams showing cross-sections of an all-solid-state battery according to the prior art (1A: cross-section of a unit cell, 1B: cross-section of a stack cell, 1C: cross-section of a stack including a cathode layer and a solid electrolyte layer).
- a unit cell (100) of an all-solid-state battery according to the prior art has a structure in which a positive electrode collector (111), a positive electrode active material layer (112), a solid electrolyte layer (120), and a negative electrode layer (130) are sequentially laminated (FIG. 1a).
- a stack cell (200) is formed by laminating a plurality of unit cells (100), and for example, two or more unit cells (100) may be laminated (FIG. 1b).
- the area of the positive electrode layer (110) including the positive electrode collector (111) and the positive electrode active material layer (112) is smaller than that of the adjacent solid electrolyte layer (120), so that it is not easy to align the solid electrolyte layer (120) on the positive electrode layer (110), and thus a miss-align may occur (FIG. 1c).
- the positive electrode layer is stretched and comes into contact with the negative electrode layer, or if a misalignment is formed during the assembly process and the two electrode layers meet, a short circuit occurs, so the positive electrode layer is designed to be smaller than the solid electrolyte layer that acts as a separator.
- Figure 2 is the structure of an all-solid-state battery disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2022-0080930.
- the structural stability of the all-solid-state battery is secured by providing a spacer (50) made of a polymer in the space created because the area of the cathode layer (40) is smaller than that of the solid electrolyte layer (30).
- the spacer (50) is made of a polymer including at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, and combinations thereof. Since the spacer (50) is a different material from the cathode layer, when pressure is applied in the pressurizing process during the manufacture of the all-solid-state battery, even if the cathode layer (40) is not damaged even under the same pressure, cracks, etc. may occur in the spacer (50) and the solid electrolyte layer (30) that receives the load. This phenomenon may be particularly significant in a stack cell.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Publication Patent No. 2022-0080930
- the inventors of the present invention have conducted a multifaceted study to solve the above problems, and as a result, have confirmed that in an all-solid-state battery including a unit cell or a stack cell in which multiple unit cells are stacked, a unit cell including a cathode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer is formed, and by designing the cross-sectional shapes and areas of the cathode layer, the solid electrolyte layer, and the cathode layer to be identical, the structural stability of the all-solid-state battery can be secured.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-solid-state battery having secured structural stability and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention is an all-solid-state battery including a unit cell
- the above unit cell is,
- a solid electrolyte layer having a shape surrounding one side of the positive electrode active material layer and side surfaces adjacent to the one side, and formed to be in contact with the positive electrode current collector;
- An all-solid-state battery comprising a cathode layer positioned on the solid electrolyte layer and having an area identical to that of the solid electrolyte layer.
- an all-solid-state battery wherein the area of the solid electrolyte layer is 1.3 to 1.8 times wider than the area of the positive electrode active material layer.
- an all-solid-state battery wherein the negative electrode layer includes a negative electrode current collector; and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode active material layer is laminated so as to be in contact with the solid electrolyte layer.
- an all-solid-state battery wherein the negative electrode layer includes a negative electrode current collector; and a non-cathode coating layer formed on the negative electrode current collector, and the non-cathode coating layer is laminated so as to be in contact with the solid electrolyte layer.
- an all-solid-state battery is provided, wherein two or more unit cells are stacked.
- an all-solid-state battery is provided, wherein the all-solid-state battery is in a pouch shape.
- the present invention also comprises a step of (S1) forming a positive electrode active material layer of a certain area on a positive electrode current collector;
- (S4) A method for manufacturing an all-solid-state battery is provided, including a unit cell manufacturing process including a step of bonding the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material layer, the solid electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode layer by applying pressure in the direction in which they are laminated.
- a method for manufacturing an all-solid-state battery wherein the pressure is 300 to 700 MPa.
- Figure 2 is the structure of an all-solid-state battery disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2022-0080930.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D are schematic diagrams of a unit cell manufacturing process according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention (4A: anode arrangement, 4B: solid electrolyte layer manufacturing, 4C: top surface and longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the manufactured solid electrolyte layer, 4D: cutting of a laminate including anode layer and solid electrolyte layer).
- the present invention relates to an all-solid-state battery.
- the all-solid-state battery according to the present invention comprises a unit cell
- a solid electrolyte layer having a shape surrounding one side of the positive electrode active material layer and side surfaces adjacent to the one side, and formed to be in contact with the positive electrode current collector;
- It includes a unit cell including a cathode layer positioned on the solid electrolyte layer and having an area identical to that of the solid electrolyte layer.
- the all-solid-state battery according to the present invention does not contain any heterogeneous materials other than the cathode layer, the solid electrolyte layer, and the anode layer, problems such as structural instability or deterioration of battery performance due to the addition of heterogeneous materials can be prevented.
- the unit cell of the all-solid-state battery may be composed of a cathode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams showing cross-sections of unit cells included in an all-solid-state battery according to one embodiment of the present invention (3A: cross-section of unit cell, 3B: cross-section of stack cell, 3C: cross-section of stack including a cathode layer and a solid electrolyte layer).
- a unit cell (100) included in an all-solid-state battery has a structure in which a positive electrode current collector (111), a positive electrode active material layer (112), a solid electrolyte layer (120), and a negative electrode layer (130) are sequentially laminated.
- the positive electrode active material layer (112) is in contact with one side of the positive electrode current collector (111), and is in a form in which it is in contact with a certain area of the one side.
- the positive electrode active material layer (112) in contact with the positive electrode current collector (111) may be referred to as the first side, the other side as the second side, and the four sides adjacent to the first side and the second side may be referred to as the first side, the second side, the third side, and the fourth side.
- the unit cell (100) or the stack cell (200) in which they are laminated may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the cross sections of the positive electrode current collector (111), the solid electrolyte layer (120), and the negative electrode layer (130) have the same area and shape.
- the area and shape of the cross section of the positive electrode active material layer (112) surrounded by the solid electrolyte layer (120) may be the same as the area and shape of the positive electrode current collector (111) in the sum of the cross section of the positive electrode active material layer (112) and the cross section of the solid electrolyte layer (120) (FIGS. 3A and 3B).
- the unit cell (100) Since the unit cell (100) has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is structurally stable, it is easy to align the unit cell (100) when manufacturing it, and as described above, when pressing the components after laminating them, phenomena such as cracks, elongation, or cell shorts can be prevented (Fig. 3c).
- the positive electrode layer includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer formed on one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
- the above positive electrode current collector supports the positive electrode active material layer and serves to transfer electrons between the external conductor and the positive electrode active material layer.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high electronic conductivity without causing chemical changes in the all-solid-state battery.
- aluminum, nickel, titanium, palladium, calcined carbon, copper, stainless steel, copper or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, silver, etc., aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. can be used as the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode current collector may have a fine rough structure on the surface of the positive electrode current collector or may adopt a three-dimensional porous structure in order to strengthen the bonding strength with the positive electrode active material layer.
- the positive electrode current collector may include various forms such as a film, a sheet, a foil, a mesh, a net, a porous body, a foam, and a non-woven fabric.
- the above-mentioned positive electrode active material layer may be formed with an area smaller than that of the positive electrode current collector and may be positioned on the positive electrode current collector.
- the above positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, a solid electrolyte, a conductive material, and a binder.
- LiCoO 2 lithium cobalt oxide
- LiNiO 2 lithium nickel oxide
- a layered compound including one or more; wherein M' is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, and B, and A is one or more selected from the group consisting of P, F, S, and N; or a compound substituted with one or more transition metals; lithium manganese oxides such as Li 1+y Mn 2-y O 4 (wherein, y is 0 to 0.33), LiMnO 3 , LiMn 2 O 3 , LiMnO 2 ; lithium copper oxide (Li 2 CuO 2 ); vanadium oxides such as LiV 3 O 8 , LiFe 3 O 4 , V 2 O 5 , Cu 2 V 2 O 7 ; Ni-site type lithium nickel oxide represented by the chemical formula LiNi 1-y MyO 2 (wherein, M Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B or Ga, and y is 0.01 to 0.3); lithium manganese composite oxide represented by the chemical formula LiMn 2-y M y O 2 (wherein, M is Co, Ni,
- the positive electrode active material may be included in an amount of 60 to 80 wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the content of the positive electrode active material may be 60 wt%, 65 wt% or more, or 68 wt% or more, and may be 72 wt% or less, 75 wt% or less, or 80 wt% or less. If the content of the positive electrode active material is less than 60 wt%, battery performance may deteriorate, and if it is more than 80 wt%, mass transfer resistance may increase.
- the solid electrolyte may have an argyrodite structure, and specifically, may include a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a halide-based solid electrolyte, or an oxide-based solid electrolyte.
- the above sulfide-based solid electrolyte may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 1 or a mixture thereof:
- M is selected from P, Sn, Sb, As, and Ge;
- X is selected from Cl, Br and I,
- the above halide-based solid electrolyte may be represented by the following chemical formula 2:
- the above oxide-based solid electrolyte may be appropriately selected and used, including, but not limited to, an LLT system having a perovskite structure such as Li 3x La 2/3-x TiO 3 , a LISICON system such as Li 14 Zn(GeO 4 ) 4 , a LATP system such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 , a LAGP system such as (Li 1+x Ge 2-x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 ), and a phosphate system such as LiPON.
- an LLT system having a perovskite structure such as Li 3x La 2/3-x TiO 3
- a LISICON system such as Li 14 Zn(GeO 4 ) 4
- a LATP system such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3
- LAGP system such as (Li 1+x Ge 2-x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 )
- a phosphate system such as LiPON.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it prevents side reactions in the internal environment of the all-solid-state battery, does not cause chemical changes in the battery, and has excellent electrical conductivity.
- Representative examples thereof include graphite or conductive carbon, and for example, graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, Denka black, thermal black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black; carbon-based materials having a crystal structure of graphene or graphite; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; fluorinated carbon; metal powders such as aluminum powder and nickel powder; conductive whiskey such as zinc oxide or potassium titanate; conductive oxides such as titanium oxide; and conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives; may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the conductive material may include vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF).
- the conductive material may typically be included in an amount of 1 wt% to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer, and specifically, the content of the conductive material may be 1 wt% or more, 1.5 wt% or more, or 2 wt% or more, and 4 wt% or less, 4.5 wt% or less, or 5 wt% or less. If the content of the conductive material is too small, less than 1 wt%, it may be difficult to expect an effect of improving electrical conductivity or the electrochemical characteristics of the battery may deteriorate, and if it exceeds 5 wt% and is too large, the amount of the positive electrode active material may be relatively small, which may lower the capacity and energy density.
- the method of including the conductive material in the positive electrode is not particularly limited, and a conventional method known in the art, such as mixing or coating with the positive electrode active material, may be used.
- the binder is a component that assists in the bonding of the positive electrode active material and the conductive material and the bonding to the current collector, and is selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene/propylene copolymer, polybutadiene, polyethylene oxide, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyepichlorohydrin, polyphosphazene, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, latex, acrylic resin,
- the binder may include at least one selected from the group consisting of butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, polyester, polyamide, polyether, polyimide, polycarboxylate, polycarboxylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, lithium polyacrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyurethane, polyvinylidene fluoride, and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-hexafluoropropene.
- the binder may include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the binder may be included in an amount of 0.5 wt% to 4 wt% based on the total weight of the positive electrode active material layer, and specifically, the content of the binder may be 0.5 wt% or more, 1 wt% or more, or 1.5 wt% or more, and 3 wt% or less, 3.5 wt% or less, or 4 wt% or less. If the content of the binder is less than 0.5 wt%, the adhesive strength between the positive electrode active material and the positive electrode current collector may be reduced, and if it exceeds 4 wt%, the adhesive strength may be improved, but the content of the positive electrode active material may be reduced, which may lower the battery capacity.
- the solid electrolyte layer may be 1.3 to 1.8 times wider than the area of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the area of the solid electrolyte layer and the area of the positive electrode active material layer mean the area when the solid electrolyte layer and the positive electrode active material layer are viewed from above.
- the area of the solid electrolyte layer is larger than the area of the positive electrode active material layer. If the area of the solid electrolyte layer is less than 1.3 times the area of the positive electrode active material, a step may occur between the solid electrolyte layer and the positive electrode current collector or negative electrode layer, and if it exceeds 1.8 times, the lithium ion movement path may become longer or the production cost may increase.
- the solid electrolyte layer may include a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a halide-based solid electrolyte, or an oxide-based solid electrolyte.
- the solid electrolyte layer may include a sulfide-based solid electrolyte.
- the above sulfide-based solid electrolyte may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 1 or a mixture thereof:
- M is selected from P, Sn, Sb, As, and Ge;
- X is selected from Cl, Br and I,
- the above halide-based solid electrolyte may be represented by the following chemical formula 2:
- M is a metal other than Li
- a is 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 2
- b is 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 6
- the above oxide-based solid electrolyte may be appropriately selected and used, including, but not limited to, an LLT system having a perovskite structure such as Li 3x La 2/3-x TiO 3 , a LISICON system such as Li 14 Zn(GeO 4 ) 4 , a LATP system such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 , a LAGP system such as (Li 1+x Ge 2-x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 ), and a phosphate system such as LiPON.
- an LLT system having a perovskite structure such as Li 3x La 2/3-x TiO 3
- a LISICON system such as Li 14 Zn(GeO 4 ) 4
- a LATP system such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3
- LAGP system such as (Li 1+x Ge 2-x Al x (PO 4 ) 3 )
- a phosphate system such as LiPON.
- the negative electrode layer includes a negative electrode current collector; and a negative electrode active material layer formed on the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode active material layer may be laminated so as to be in contact with the solid electrolyte layer.
- the cathode layer may include a cathode current collector; and a non-cathode coating layer formed on the cathode current collector, and the non-cathode coating layer may be laminated so as to be in contact with the solid electrolyte layer.
- the above negative electrode active material layer includes a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material.
- the above negative electrode active material may include a material capable of reversibly intercalating or deintercalating lithium (Li + ), a material capable of reversibly forming a lithium-containing compound by reacting with lithium ions, lithium metal, or a lithium alloy.
- the material capable of reversibly inserting or de-inserting the lithium ion (Li + ) may be, for example, crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, or a mixture thereof.
- the material capable of reversibly forming a lithium-containing compound by reacting with the lithium ion (Li + ) may be, for example, tin oxide, titanium nitrate, or silicon.
- the lithium alloy may be, for example, an alloy of a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium (Li) and indium (In), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), francium (Fr), beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), radium (Ra), aluminum (Al), and tin (Sn).
- a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium (Li) and indium (In), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), francium (Fr), beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), radium (Ra), aluminum (Al), and tin (Sn).
- the negative active material may be lithium metal or a lithium-indium alloy (Li-In), and specifically, it may be in the form of lithium metal or lithium and a thin film or a lithium-indium alloy thin film or powder.
- Li-In lithium-indium alloy
- the negative active material may be included in an amount of 40 to 80 wt% based on the total weight of the negative active material layer.
- the content of the negative active material may be 40 wt% or more or 50 wt% or more, and 70 wt% or less or 80 wt% or less. If the content of the negative active material is less than 40 wt%, the connectivity between the wet negative active material layer and the dry negative active material layer may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 80 wt%, the mass transfer resistance may increase.
- the binder is a component that assists in the bonding of the negative electrode active material and the conductive material, and the bonding to the negative electrode current collector, and is selected from the group consisting of styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylated styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, nitrile butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, acrylic rubber, butyl rubber, fluorine rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene/propylene copolymer, polybutadiene, polyethylene oxide, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyepichlorohydrin, polyphosphazene, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, latex, acrylic
- the binder may include at least one selected from the group consisting of acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethylcellulose, cyanoethylsucrose, polyester, polyamide, polyether, polyimide, polycarboxylate, polycarboxylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, lithium polyacrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyurethane, polyvinylidene fluoride, and poly(vinylidene fluoride)-hexafluoropropene.
- the binder may include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the binder may be included in an amount of 0.5 wt% to 4 wt% based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material layer, and specifically, the content of the binder may be 0.5 wt% or more, 1 wt% or more, or 1.5 wt% or more, and 3 wt% or less, 3.5 wt% or less, or 4 wt% or less. If the content of the binder is less than 0.5 wt%, the adhesive strength between the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode current collector may be reduced, and if it exceeds 4 wt%, the adhesive strength may be improved, but the content of the negative electrode active material may be reduced, which may lower the battery capacity.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it prevents side reactions in the internal environment of the all-solid-state battery, does not cause chemical changes in the battery, and has excellent electronic conductivity.
- Representative examples thereof include graphite or conductive carbon, and for example, graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite; carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, Denka black, thermal black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black; carbon-based materials having a crystal structure of graphene or graphite; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; fluorinated carbon; metal powders such as aluminum powder and nickel powder; conductive whiskey such as zinc oxide or potassium titanate; conductive oxides such as titanium oxide; and conductive polymers such as polyphenylene derivatives; may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
- the conductive material may include vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF).
- the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it is conductive and does not cause a chemical change in the battery.
- the negative electrode current collector may be made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, copper or stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, or the like, an aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like.
- the negative electrode current collector, like the positive electrode current collector may be made of various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam, or non-woven fabric having fine roughness formed on the surface.
- the method for manufacturing the above negative electrode is not particularly limited, and can be manufactured by forming a negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode current collector using a method for forming a layer or film commonly used in the art. For example, methods such as compression, coating, and deposition can be used. In addition, a case in which a battery is assembled without a lithium thin film on the negative electrode current collector and then a metallic lithium thin film is formed on a metal plate by initial charging is also included in the negative electrode of the present invention.
- the non-cathode coating layer does not include a negative active material, and a negative active material may be formed in the non-cathode coating layer by charging.
- a negative active material may be formed in the non-cathode coating layer by charging.
- lithium ions may move from the positive electrode and lithium metal may be precipitated from the negative electrode.
- the non-cathode coating layer may be a film that induces lithium precipitation.
- the above-mentioned cathode-free coating layer may include metal particles and carbon material particles, and specifically, may include a carbon material-metal composite.
- the above carbon material particles may be, for example, amorphous carbon material particles.
- the carbon material particles are not limited to amorphous particles.
- Specific examples of the above amorphous carbon material include carbon black such as acetylene black, furnace black, and Ketjen black, graphene, or a combination thereof.
- the metal particles may be particles that form an alloy with lithium, and the metal particles may be at least one particle selected from silver (Ag), gold, platinum, palladium, silicon, aluminum, bismuth, tin, indium, and zinc.
- the non-cathode coating layer may be formed as a very thin film with a micro-thickness, and may be formed with a thickness of, for example, 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the non-cathode coating layer may include an Ag-C composite as a carbon material-metal composite, and upon first charging, lithium may be precipitated between the negative current collector and the coating layer including the Ag-C composite.
- two or more unit cells may be stacked to form a stack cell.
- the stack cell can also have structural stability.
- the all-solid-state battery may be a pouch-type all-solid-state battery.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an all-solid-state battery.
- the method for manufacturing an all-solid-state battery according to the present invention includes a unit cell manufacturing process including the following steps (S1) to (S4):
- (S1) A step of forming a positive electrode active material layer of a certain area on a positive electrode current collector
- (S2) a step of forming a solid electrolyte layer on the positive electrode active material layer so as to surround one side of the positive electrode active material layer and side surfaces adjacent to the one side;
- (S4) A step of bonding by applying pressure in the direction in which the positive electrode current collector, positive electrode active material layer, solid electrolyte layer, and negative electrode layer are laminated.
- a positive electrode active material layer having a certain area can be formed on the positive electrode current collector.
- the area of the positive electrode current collector may be larger than the area of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the area of the positive electrode current collector may be 1.3 to 1.8 times larger than the area of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the area of the positive electrode current collector may be the same as the area of the solid electrolyte layer, which may be advantageous for manufacturing a unit cell having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
- the above positive electrode active material layer can be manufactured by mixing a positive electrode active material, a solid electrolyte, a conductive agent, and a binder in an organic solvent, applying and drying a composition for forming a positive electrode active material layer on a positive electrode current collector, and optionally, compressing and molding the composition on the positive electrode current collector to improve the electrode density.
- an organic solvent that can uniformly disperse the positive electrode active material, the solid electrolyte, the binder, and the conductive agent, and that easily evaporates.
- Specific examples thereof include acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, xylene, toluene, hexane, tetrahydrofuran, water, and isopropyl alcohol.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that can dissolve and/or disperse the solid electrolyte and/or binder to form a slurry.
- the solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl alcohol, ethyl butyrate, heptyl butyrate, hexyl butyrate, butyl butyrate, isopropyl butyrate, isobutyl isobutyrate, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), acetone, xylene, dimethylformamide (N,N-Dimethylmethanamide (DMF), benzene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and water.
- the amount of the above solvent can be adjusted by considering the thickness of the coating layer, the properties of the solid electrolyte to be manufactured, etc.
- the drying is not particularly limited as long as it is a drying method that can form a film (layer) by evaporating the solvent after application.
- the drying may be performed at 300°C or lower.
- the drying temperature may be 300°C or lower, 200°C or lower, 150°C or lower, or 100°C or lower.
- a cathode layer having the same area as the solid electrolyte layer can be formed by laminating it on the solid electrolyte layer.
- a plurality of positive electrodes (110) are placed on a PET release film (RF) (Fig. 4a). Thereafter, a slurry (S) for forming a solid electrolyte is coated with a doctor blade (DB) (Fig. 4b) and dried to form a solid electrolyte layer (120) (Fig. 4c).
- a laminate of a positive electrode layer and a solid electrolyte layer is cut into units of one positive electrode layer (Fig. 4d). The area of the solid electrolyte layer is formed to be larger than the area of the positive electrode active material layer included in the positive electrode layer.
- a stack cell can be manufactured by stacking two of the above unit cells.
- Negative electrode current collector 132: Negative electrode active material layer
- R.F. Heteromorphic film
- S Slurry
- D.B. Doctor blade
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Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 단위셀을 포함하는 전고체 전지로서,상기 단위셀은,양극 집전체;상기 양극 집전체의 일 면 중 일정 면적 상에 접하는 양극 활물질층;상기 양극 활물질층의 일 면 및 상기 일 면에 인접한 측면들을 둘러싼 형태를 가지며, 상기 양극 집전체와 접하도록 형성된 고체 전해질층; 및상기 고체 전해질층 상에 위치하고, 그 면적이 상기 고체 전해질층과 동일한 음극층;을 포함하는 것인, 전고체 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고체 전해질층의 면적은 상기 양극 활물질층의 면적에 비해 1.3 내지 1.8배 넓은 것인, 전고체 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극층은 음극 집전체; 및 상기 음극 집전체 상에 형성된 음극 활물질층을 포함하고,상기 음극 활물질층이 상기 고체 전해질층과 접하도록 적층된 것인, 전고체 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 음극층은 음극 집전체; 및 상기 음극 집전체 상에 형성된 무음극 코팅층을 포함하고,상기 무음극 코팅층이 상기 고체 전해질층과 접하도록 적층된 것인, 전고체 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 단위셀은 2개 이상 적층된 것인, 전고체 전지.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전고체 전지는 파우치형인 것인, 전고체 전지.
- (S1) 양극 집전체 상에 일정 면적의 양극 활물질층을 형성하는 단계;(S2) 상기 양극 활물질층 상에, 상기 양극 활물질층의 일 면 및 상기 일 면과 인접한 측면들을 둘러싸도록 고체 전해질층을 형성하는 단계;(S3) 상기 고체 전해질층 상에 그 면적이 상기 고체 전해질층과 동일한 음극층을 형성하는 단계; 및(S4) 상기 양극 집전체, 양극 활물질층, 고체 전해질층 및 음극층이 적층된 방향으로 압력을 가하여 접합하는 단계;를 포함하는 단위셀 제조 공정을 포함하는 전고체 전지의 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 압력은 300 내지 700 MPa인 것인, 전고체 전지의 제조방법.
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| CN202480008943.0A CN120642100A (zh) | 2023-11-15 | 2024-11-08 | 全固态电池及其制造方法 |
| JP2025542405A JP2026503613A (ja) | 2023-11-15 | 2024-11-08 | 全固体電池及びその製造方法 |
| EP24891722.1A EP4636897A4 (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2024-11-08 | ALL-SOLID BATTERY AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
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| KR1020230157932A KR20250071435A (ko) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | 전고체 전지 및 이의 제조방법 |
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| US20200266448A1 (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-08-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode, all solid state battery and method for producing electrode |
| KR20210057270A (ko) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 이차전지 |
| KR20220080930A (ko) | 2020-12-08 | 2022-06-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 내구성이 향상된 전고체 전지 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230059000A (ko) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-03 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 전지 및 그 모듈 |
| KR20230102940A (ko) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-07 | 한국전기연구원 | 전고체 전지용 황화물계 고체전해질, 이를 포함하는 전고체 이차전지, 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230133684A (ko) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 이차 전지용 구조체 및 이를 포함하는 전고체 이차 전지 |
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| JP6944953B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-16 | 2021-10-06 | 日立造船株式会社 | 全固体二次電池の製造方法 |
| CN115428222A (zh) * | 2020-04-17 | 2022-12-02 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 电池 |
| JP7742537B2 (ja) * | 2020-05-13 | 2025-09-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電池 |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20200266448A1 (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-08-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode, all solid state battery and method for producing electrode |
| KR20210057270A (ko) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-21 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 이차전지 |
| KR20220080930A (ko) | 2020-12-08 | 2022-06-15 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 내구성이 향상된 전고체 전지 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230059000A (ko) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-03 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 전지 및 그 모듈 |
| KR20230102940A (ko) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-07 | 한국전기연구원 | 전고체 전지용 황화물계 고체전해질, 이를 포함하는 전고체 이차전지, 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR20230133684A (ko) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전고체 이차 전지용 구조체 및 이를 포함하는 전고체 이차 전지 |
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| Title |
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| See also references of EP4636897A1 |
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| KR20250071435A (ko) | 2025-05-22 |
| EP4636897A1 (en) | 2025-10-22 |
| JP2026503613A (ja) | 2026-01-29 |
| EP4636897A4 (en) | 2026-04-29 |
| CN120642100A (zh) | 2025-09-12 |
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