WO2025108011A1 - 一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025108011A1
WO2025108011A1 PCT/CN2024/127992 CN2024127992W WO2025108011A1 WO 2025108011 A1 WO2025108011 A1 WO 2025108011A1 CN 2024127992 W CN2024127992 W CN 2024127992W WO 2025108011 A1 WO2025108011 A1 WO 2025108011A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bus electrode
electrode
preset point
width
solar cell
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PCT/CN2024/127992
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
童洪波
李振国
邓圣杰
於龙
靳玉鹏
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Longi Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Longi Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP24893169.3A priority Critical patent/EP4615196A4/en
Priority to AU2024383166A priority patent/AU2024383166B2/en
Publication of WO2025108011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025108011A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/219—Arrangements for electrodes of back-contact photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/215—Geometries of grid contacts

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell and a solar module.
  • a solar cell is a semiconductor device that can convert light energy into electrical energy. Specifically, when a solar cell is exposed to light, the semiconductor substrate included in the solar cell absorbs photons and generates electron-hole pairs. The electron-hole pairs are separated under the action of the built-in electric field of the PN junction, and are respectively led out through the emitter and back field of the solar cell, and finally collected by the electrode structure arranged on the semiconductor substrate.
  • the electrode structure generally includes a main grid, a fine grid and a pad disposed on the main grid.
  • the width of the main grid is equal at all places. Under the condition that the area connected to the pad in the main grid is ensured to work normally, the width of the main grid away from the pad is wider. In this case, the manufacturing cost of the main grid is increased, and thus the manufacturing cost of the solar cell is increased.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a solar cell and a solar module for reducing the manufacturing cost of a main grid, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell.
  • the present application provides a solar cell.
  • the solar cell comprises: a cell body, a bus electrode, a solder pad and a collector electrode.
  • the bus electrode is formed on the cell body, and a plurality of bus electrodes extend along a first direction and are spaced apart along a second direction. The first direction is different from the first direction. Second direction. Multiple pads are arranged on the bus electrode at intervals along the first direction. For each bus electrode of at least one of the multiple bus electrodes: along the direction from a preset point on the bus electrode to any pad on the bus electrode adjacent to the preset point, the width of the bus electrode gradually increases. The preset point is any point between any two adjacent pads on the bus electrode where it is located.
  • the width direction of the bus electrode is consistent with the second direction, and the direction from the preset point to any pad on the bus electrode where it is located adjacent to the preset point is parallel to the first direction.
  • the collector electrode is formed on the battery body, and the multiple collector electrodes extend along the second direction and are spaced apart along the first direction. Each bus electrode intersects with multiple collector electrodes with the same polarity.
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the portion of the bus electrode located between a preset point on the bus electrode and any welding pad on the bus electrode adjacent to the preset point is defined as a first bus electrode, and Sx represents the cross-sectional area along the first direction of any collecting electrode intersecting with the first bus electrode; for the nth collecting electrode starting from the preset point on the bus electrode and intersecting with the first bus electrode in the direction from the preset point to the any welding pad, Sz represents the cross-sectional area of the first bus electrode at the intersection with the nth collecting electrode along the second direction.
  • the collector electrode collects the carriers generated in the corresponding area of the battery body, and the bus electrode is used to collect the carriers collected by the collector electrode intersecting with it. Then, the bus electrode transfers the collected carriers to the pad, and the pad transfers them to the welding strip connected to it. As the number of collector electrodes intersecting with the bus electrode increases, the current density borne by the bus electrode continues to increase. Based on this, when the width of the bus electrode gradually increases from the preset point to any pad adjacent to the preset point, it can be The ability of the busbar electrode to bear current density is improved to improve the effect of the busbar electrode in collecting current, thereby ensuring the performance of the solar cell. It should be understood that the minimum width of the busbar electrode in this application meets the actual working needs. In other words, compared with the busbar electrode of medium width in the prior art, the busbar electrode width design in this application is more reasonable.
  • the width of the bus electrode gradually increases along the direction from the preset point to any pad adjacent to the preset point, at this time, while ensuring that the area connected to the pad in the bus electrode works normally and the size of the pad is basically the same or consistent with the size of the pad in the prior art (in other words, the maximum width of the bus electrode is basically the same, consistent or even smaller than the width of the bus electrode in the prior art), since the width of the bus electrode away from the pad gradually decreases, the amount of slurry used to make the bus electrode is less than the amount of slurry used when making equal-width bus electrodes in the prior art. Based on this, the production cost of the bus electrode can be reduced, thereby reducing the production cost of the solar cell.
  • the bus electrode provided in the present application can also reduce the shielding of the front of the battery body to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. Further, since Sz ⁇ 2 ⁇ n ⁇ Sx, the current conduction performance of the bus electrode when collecting current can be guaranteed to be optimal.
  • Sx is greater than or equal to 75um 2 and less than or equal to 375um 2 ;
  • X1 is greater than or equal to 30um and less than or equal to 50um; wherein X1 represents the width of any collector electrode intersecting with the first bus electrode, and the width direction of the collector electrode is consistent with the first direction.
  • the manufacturing cost of the collector electrode can be reduced while ensuring the ability of the collector electrode to collect carriers, thereby further reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell.
  • the width Z1 of the first bus electrode is greater than or equal to a and less than or equal to b, wherein a is less than b; a is greater than or equal to 30 um and less than or equal to 200 um; and b is greater than or equal to 60 um and less than or equal to 3 mm.
  • the value of the width of the first bus electrode can be selected by comprehensively considering the cross-sectional area of the collector electrode intersecting with it or the height of the first bus electrode or other influencing factors. In this case, not only the selectivity of the width of the first bus electrode is increased, but also the applicable scope of the first bus electrode can be expanded.
  • collecting electrodes with the same polarity are arranged at intervals along the first direction only on one side of the bus electrode facing the adjacent bus electrode, thereby saving the cost of manufacturing the collecting electrodes.
  • the solar cell may further include a lapped bus electrode, one end of which is connected to a bus electrode near the edge of the battery body, and a solder pad is provided at the other end of the lapped bus electrode.
  • the lapped bus electrode is located between: a bus electrode near the edge of the battery body; and a bus electrode adjacent to the bus electrode near the edge of the battery body. At this time, the connectivity between the solder pad and the bus electrode near the edge of the battery body can be ensured to ensure the performance of the solar cell.
  • the width of the bus electrode close to the edge of the battery body is smaller than the width of the corresponding area of the adjacent bus electrode.
  • the width of the bus electrode is larger than that of the corresponding area of the adjacent bus electrode. Based on this, the manufacturing cost of the busbar electrode can be reduced while ensuring the capacity of the busbar electrode close to the edge of the battery body, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell.
  • the width of the bus bar electrode close to the edge of the battery body is 1/2 of the width of the corresponding area of the adjacent bus bar electrode.
  • a projection of the bus electrode close to the edge of the battery body on the battery body includes a trapezoid and/or a triangle.
  • the selectivity is increased while ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the busbar electrode near the edge of the battery body meets the actual needs.
  • the busbar electrode can be adapted to different application scenarios to expand the application range of solar cells.
  • the width of the overlapping bus electrode is equal to the maximum width of the bus electrode connected to the overlapping bus electrode, and the width direction of the overlapping bus electrode is consistent with the first direction.
  • the solar cell is a back contact cell
  • the bus electrode is an N-region bus electrode
  • the N-region bus electrode is usually made of silver paste, the unit price of silver is relatively high. Therefore, when the bus electrode provided by the present application is the N-region bus electrode of the back contact battery, the production cost of the bus electrode can be reduced while ensuring the performance of the bus electrode, thereby reducing the solar cell. The production cost of the battery.
  • the preset point is the center point between any two adjacent pads on the bus electrode where the preset point is located.
  • the present application further provides a solar energy component, which includes the solar cell described in the above technical solution.
  • the beneficial effects of the solar cell assembly provided in the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the solar cell described in the above technical solution, and will not be described in detail here.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a current collecting electrode in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bus electrode in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a part of the structure in FIG1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a second enlarged schematic diagram of a part of the structure in FIG1 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a solar cell in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in FIG. 6 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • 6-Overlap bus electrodes A-first direction, B-second direction.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
  • “multiple” means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • "Several” means one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell.
  • the solar cell includes: a battery body, a bus electrode 1, a pad 2 and a collector electrode 3.
  • the bus electrode 1 is formed on the battery body, and a plurality of bus electrodes 1 extend along a first direction A and are spaced along a second direction B, and the first direction is different from the second direction.
  • a plurality of pads 2 are spaced along the first direction on the bus electrode 1.
  • the width of the bus electrode 1 gradually increases along a direction from a preset point 4 on the bus electrode 1 to any pad 2 adjacent to the preset point 4.
  • the preset point 4 is any point between any two adjacent pads 2 on the bus electrode 1 where it is located, and the width direction of the bus electrode 1 is consistent with the second direction, and the direction from the preset point 4 to any pad 2 adjacent to the preset point 4 on the bus electrode where it is located is parallel to the first direction.
  • the collector electrode 3 is formed on the battery body, and the plurality of collector electrodes 3 extend along the second direction and are spaced apart along the first direction, and each bus electrode 1 intersects with the plurality of collector electrodes 3 with the same polarity.
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; a portion of the bus electrode 1 located between a preset point 4 on the bus electrode 1 and any pad 2 on the bus electrode adjacent to the preset point 4 is defined as a first bus electrode 10, and Sx represents a cross-sectional area along a first direction of any collector electrode 3 intersecting with the first bus electrode 10; for the nth collector electrode 3 starting from the preset point 4 on the bus electrode 1 and intersecting with the first bus electrode 10 in a direction from the preset point 4 to the any pad, Sz represents a cross-sectional area along a second direction of the first bus electrode 10 at the intersection with the nth collector electrode 3.
  • the at least one bus electrode may be all or part of the multiple bus electrodes.
  • the width of the at least one bus electrode is set to be gradual in order to save bus electrode material.
  • whether the width of all or part of the bus electrodes is set to be gradual can be determined according to the specific circumstances.
  • a typical example is that both aluminum bus electrodes and silver bus electrodes are included. Since silver is relatively expensive, the silver bus electrode can be designed to be gradual, that is, the width of the silver bus electrode is set to be gradual. Aluminum is cheap and aluminum electrodes are difficult to print. There is no need to make the aluminum bus electrode gradual. Making the aluminum bus electrode gradual will introduce risks.
  • the structure and specifications of the battery body can be set according to actual conditions and are not specifically limited here.
  • the first direction and the second direction can be any two directions parallel to the surface of the battery body and different from each other.
  • the first direction A and the second direction B are orthogonal.
  • the collector electrode 3 collects the carriers generated in the corresponding area of the battery body, and the bus electrode 1 is used to collect the carriers collected by the collector electrode 3 intersecting with it. Then, the bus electrode 1 transfers the collected carriers to the pad 2, and the pad 2 transfers them to the solder strip connected thereto. As the number of collector electrodes 3 intersecting with the bus electrode 1 increases, the current density borne by the bus electrode 1 continues to increase. Based on this, when the width of the bus electrode 1 gradually increases from the preset point 4 to any pad 2 adjacent to the preset point 4, the ability of the bus electrode 1 to bear the current density can be improved, so as to improve the effect of the bus electrode 1 in collecting current, thereby ensuring the performance of the solar cell. It should be understood that the minimum width of the bus electrode 1 in the embodiment of the present application meets the actual working needs. In other words, compared with the bus electrode of medium width in the prior art, the width design of the bus electrode 1 in the embodiment of the present application is more reasonable.
  • the width of the bus electrode 1 gradually increases along the direction from the preset point 4 to any pad 2 adjacent to the preset point 4, at this time, while ensuring that the area in the bus electrode 1 connected to the pad 2 works normally and the size of the pad 2 is basically the same or consistent with the size of the pad in the prior art (in other words, the maximum width of the bus electrode 1 is basically the same, consistent with, or even smaller than the width of the bus electrode in the prior art), since the width of the bus electrode 1 away from the pad 2 gradually decreases, the amount of slurry used to make the bus electrode 1 is less than the amount of slurry used when making equal-width bus electrodes in the prior art.
  • the production cost of the bus electrode 1 can be reduced, thereby reducing the production cost of the solar cell.
  • the bus electrode 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application can also reduce the shielding of the front of the battery body to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.
  • a single bus electrode 1 needs to collect current from the collector electrodes 3 on its left and right sides, and will preferentially select areas with smaller resistance for conduction. Therefore, when Sz ⁇ 2 ⁇ n ⁇ Sx, the bus electrode 1 can be guaranteed to have the best current conduction performance when collecting current.
  • Sx is greater than or equal to 75um 2 and less than or equal to 375um 2 .
  • Sx may be 75um 2 , 95um 2 , 124um 2 , 150um 2 , 196um 2 , 260um 2 or 375um 2 , etc.
  • X1 is greater than or equal to 30um and less than or equal to 50um; wherein X1 represents the width of any collector electrode 3 intersecting with the first bus electrode 10, and the width direction of the collector electrode 3 is consistent with the first direction.
  • X1 may be 30um, 33um, 35um, 40um, 42um, 48um or 50um, etc.
  • the value of the above X1 is related to the screen specifications for printing, and the screen line width can be adjusted according to different mass production requirements. At this time, the production cost of the collector electrode 3 can be reduced while ensuring the ability of the collector electrode 3 to collect carriers, thereby further reducing the production cost of the solar cell.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned collector electrode can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be a triangle or a quasi-triangle.
  • the cross-sectional shape is the above-mentioned quasi-triangle, it means that the bottom side of the cross-sectional shape is a straight line segment, and the remaining edge portion of the cross-sectional shape connected to the two ends of the straight line segment is an arc segment.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned collecting electrode 3 is triangular.
  • the cross-sectional area Sx of the collecting electrode 3 is f ⁇ ((X1 ⁇ X2)/2).
  • f represents an empirical coefficient, which is used to correct the actual cross-sectional area of the collecting electrode 3. It should be understood that f will be affected by factors such as different machines, slurries, and the printing status of screen auxiliary materials.
  • f is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2.
  • f can be 0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.2, 1.6 or 2, etc.
  • X2 represents the height of any collecting electrode 3 that intersects with the first bus electrode 10, and the height direction of the collecting electrode 3 is perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.
  • the value of the above-mentioned X2 is related to the specifications of the screen used for printing, and the screen thickness can be adjusted according to different mass production requirements.
  • the above The X2 is greater than or equal to 5um and less than or equal to 15um.
  • X2 can be 5um, 8um, 9um, 10um, 12um, 13um or 15um, etc.
  • the spacing L between adjacent collector electrodes 3 of the same polarity can be set according to actual conditions, and is not specifically limited here.
  • the spacing is along the first direction.
  • the spacing is only related to the graphic design. Once the graphic is determined, the spacing is a fixed value.
  • the width Z1 of the first bus electrode 10 is greater than or equal to a, and less than or equal to b, wherein a is less than b.
  • Both a and b can be constants.
  • a is greater than or equal to 30um, and less than or equal to 200um;
  • b is greater than or equal to 60um, and less than or equal to 3mm.
  • Z1 can be 30um, 56um, 60um, 200um, 2500um or 3000um, etc.; accordingly, a can be 30um, 45um, 56um, 80um, 130um or 200um, etc., and b can be 60um, 80um, 160um, 1000um, 2500um or 3000um, etc.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first bus electrode can be set according to actual needs, for example, it can be a rectangle, a quasi-rectangular shape, a square, a quasi-square shape, etc.
  • the cross-sectional shape is the quasi-rectangular shape or the quasi-square shape, it means that the bottom side of the cross-sectional shape is a straight line segment, and the remaining edge portion of the cross-sectional shape connected to the two ends of the straight line segment is an arc segment or the side portion of the cross-sectional shape opposite to the straight line segment is an arc segment.
  • the edge portion is an arc segment.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first bus electrode 10 is a rectangle.
  • the value of Z2 is related to the screen specifications for printing, and the screen thickness can be adjusted according to different mass production requirements.
  • Z2 is greater than or equal to 2um and less than or equal to 7um.
  • Z2 can be 2um, 2.5um, 3.6um, 4.9um, 5um, 6.2um, 6.8um or 7um, etc.
  • the preset point 4 is the center point between any two adjacent pads 2 on the bus electrode 1 where the preset point 4 is located.
  • the width Z1 of the first bus electrode 10 is greater than or equal to 80um, and less than or equal to 400um.
  • the bus electrode 1 close to the edge of the battery body for the sake of convenience of description, it will be referred to as the second bus electrode 5
  • the second bus electrode 5 only on the side facing the adjacent bus electrode 1 (that is, the bus electrode 1 adjacent to the bus electrode 1 close to the edge of the battery body), collecting electrodes 3 with the same polarity are arranged at intervals along the first direction. In this case, the cost of making the collecting electrodes 3 can be saved.
  • the solar cell further includes a lapped bus electrode 6, one end of which is connected to the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body, and a pad 2 is provided at the other end of the lapped bus electrode 6.
  • the lapped bus electrode 6 is located between: the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body; and, between the bus electrodes 1 adjacent to the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body. At this time, the connectivity between the pad 2 and the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body can be ensured to ensure the performance of the solar cell.
  • the width of the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body is smaller than the width of the corresponding area of the adjacent bus electrode 1 (i.e., the bus electrode 1 adjacent to the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body), that is, at any position along the first direction, the width of the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body is smaller than the width of the adjacent bus electrode 1. Since the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body is only provided with a collector electrode 3 intersecting therewith on one side, the width of the bus electrode 1 can be reduced compared to the width of the corresponding area of the adjacent bus electrode 1. Based on this, while ensuring the capacity of the bus electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body, the manufacturing cost of the bus electrode 1 can be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cell.
  • the width of the bus electrode 1 close to the edge of the battery body is 1/2 of the width of the corresponding area of the adjacent bus electrode 1 .
  • the projection of the bus electrode 1 close to the edge of the battery body on the battery body includes a trapezoid and/or a triangle.
  • the selectivity is increased while ensuring that the cross-sectional area of the busbar electrode 1 near the edge of the battery body meets the actual needs.
  • the busbar electrode 1 can be adapted to different application scenarios to expand the application range of solar cells.
  • the projection of the bus electrode 1 close to the edge of the battery body on the battery body may only include a trapezoid, or only include a triangle, and of course may also include both a trapezoid and a triangle.
  • the projection of the overlapping busbar electrode 6 on the battery body is a rectangle.
  • the width W of the above-mentioned overlapping bus electrode 6 is equal to the maximum width of the bus electrode 1 connected to the overlapping bus electrode 6 (i.e., the maximum value of Z1), and the width direction of the overlapping bus electrode 6 is consistent with the first direction.
  • the width W of the above-mentioned overlapping bus electrode 6 is equal to the maximum width of the bus electrode 1 connected to the overlapping bus electrode 6 (i.e., the maximum value of Z1), and the width direction of the overlapping bus electrode 6 is consistent with the first direction.
  • the solar cell is a back contact cell
  • the busbar electrode is an N-region busbar electrode
  • the N-region bus electrode is usually made of silver paste, and the unit price of silver is relatively high.
  • the bus electrode is an N-region bus electrode of a back contact cell, the production cost of the bus electrode can be reduced while ensuring the performance of the bus electrode, thereby reducing the production cost of the solar cell.
  • the present application also provides a solar module, which includes the solar cell described in the above technical solution.
  • the beneficial effects of the solar cell assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application are the same as the beneficial effects of the solar cell described in the above technical solution, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the solar module further includes a welding strip, which is arranged on the welding pad along a first direction.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件，涉及太阳能电池技术领域，以解决主栅的制作成本高，导致太阳能电池的制作成本高的问题。该太阳能电池包括：形成在电池本体上的汇流电极和集电电极，多个焊盘沿第一方向间隔设置于汇流电极。对于至少部分汇流电极中的每条汇流电极：沿该汇流电极上一预设点至该汇流电极上与预设点相邻的任一焊盘的方向，汇流电极的宽度逐渐增大。预设点为其所在的汇流电极上任意相邻两个焊盘之间的任意一点，汇流电极的宽度方向与第二方向一致。对于所述至少部分汇流电极中的每条汇流电极：Sz≥2×n×Sx，n为大于或等于1的整数，将位于该汇流电极上的预设点和该汇流电极上与预设点相邻的任一焊盘之间的部分汇流电极定义为第一汇流电极，Sx表示与第一汇流电极相交的任一集电电极沿第一方向的截面面积，对于从该汇流电极上的预设点开始、在从预设点到该任一焊盘的方向上与第一汇流电极相交的第n条集电电极，Sz表示第一汇流电极在与第n条集电电极相交处的沿第二方向的截面面积。

Description

一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件 技术领域
本申请涉及太阳能电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件。
背景技术
太阳能电池是一种可以将光能转化为电能的半导体器件。具体的，当太阳能电池受到光照时，太阳能电池包括的半导体基底吸收光子并产生电子和空穴对。该电子和空穴对在PN结内建电场的作用下分离，并分别通过太阳能电池的发射极和背场引出，最终被设置在半导体基底上的电极结构所收集。
上述电极结构一般包括主栅、细栅和设置于主栅的焊盘。目前，主栅各处的宽度均相等。在确保主栅中与焊盘连接的区域正常工作的情况下，远离焊盘的主栅宽度较宽。此时，会增加主栅的制作成本，进而增加太阳能电池的制作成本。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件，用于降低主栅的制作成本，以降低太阳能电池的制作成本。
为了实现上述目的，第一方面，本申请提供了一种太阳能电池。该太阳能电池包括：电池本体、汇流电极、焊盘和集电电极。汇流电极形成在电池本体上，多条汇流电极沿第一方向延伸、且沿第二方向间隔分布，第一方向不同于 第二方向。多个焊盘沿第一方向间隔设置于汇流电极，对于多条所述汇流电极中的至少一条汇流电极中的每条汇流电极：沿该汇流电极上一预设点至该汇流电极上与预设点相邻的任一焊盘的方向，汇流电极的宽度逐渐增大。预设点为其所在的汇流电极上任意相邻两个焊盘之间的任意一点，汇流电极的宽度方向与第二方向一致，预设点至其所在的汇流电极上的与预设点相邻的任一焊盘的方向平行于第一方向。集电电极形成在电池本体上，多条集电电极沿第二方向延伸、且沿第一方向间隔分布，每条汇流电极与极性相同的多条集电电极相交。其中，对于所述至少一条汇流电极中的每条汇流电极：Sz≥2×n×Sx，n为大于或等于1的整数；将位于该汇流电极上的预设点和该汇流电极上的与预设点相邻的任一焊盘之间的部分汇流电极定义为第一汇流电极，Sx表示与第一汇流电极相交的任一集电电极的沿第一方向的截面面积；对于从该汇流电极上的预设点开始、在从预设点到该任一焊盘的方向上与第一汇流电极相交的第n条集电电极，Sz表示第一汇流电极在与第n条集电电极相交处的沿第二方向的截面面积。
在实际使用过程中，集电电极对电池本体相应区域内产生的载流子进行收集，汇流电极用于汇集与其相交的集电电极收集的载流子。接着，汇流电极将收集的载流子传输至焊盘，由焊盘传输至与其连接的焊带。随着与汇流电极相交的集电电极数量的增多，汇流电极承担的电流密度不断增大。基于此，当沿预设点至与预设点相邻的任一焊盘的方向，汇流电极的宽度逐渐增大时，可以 提高汇流电极承担电流密度的能力，以提高汇流电极汇集电流的效果，进而确保太阳能电池的性能。应理解，本申请中汇流电极的最小宽度满足实际工作需要。换言之，相比于现有技术中等宽的汇流电极，本申请中的汇流电极宽度设计更合理。
进一步地，由于沿预设点至与预设点相邻的任一焊盘的方向，汇流电极的宽度逐渐增大，此时，在确保汇流电极中与焊盘连接的区域正常工作且焊盘的尺寸与现有技术中焊盘的尺寸基本一致或一致(换言之，汇流电极的最大宽度与现有技术中汇流电极的宽度基本一致、一致或甚至比现有技术中汇流电极的宽度更小)的情况下，由于远离焊盘的汇流电极的宽度逐渐减小，因此用于制作汇流电极的浆料用量小于现有技术中制作等宽汇流电极时的浆料用量。基于此，可以降低汇流电极的制作成本，进而降低太阳能电池的制作成本。同时，相比于现有技术中等宽的汇流电极，本申请提供的汇流电极还可以减少对电池本体正面的遮挡，以提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。再进一步地，由于Sz≥2×n×Sx，此时可以保证汇流电极在汇集电流时电流的传导性能最佳。
在一种实现方式中，上述Sx大于或等于75um2，且小于或等于375um2；X1大于或等于30um，且小于或等于50um；其中，X1表示与第一汇流电极相交的任一集电电极的宽度，集电电极的宽度方向与第一方向一致。
此时，可以在确保集电电极收集载流子的能力的情况下，降低集电电极的制作成本，进而进一步降低太阳能电池的制作成本。
在一种实现方式中，上述第一汇流电极的宽度Z1大于或等于a，且小于或等于b。其中，a小于b；a大于或等于30um，且小于或等于200um；b大于或等于60um，且小于或等于3mm。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，第一汇流电极宽度的取值可以综合考虑与其相交的集电电极的截面面积或者第一汇流电极的高度或者其他影响因素进行选择。此时，不仅增加了第一汇流电极宽度的选择性，同时还可以扩大第一汇流电极的适用范围。
在一种实现方式中，对于靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极，仅在其朝向与其相邻的相邻汇流电极的一侧，沿第一方向间隔设置有极性相同的集电电极，此时可以节省制作集电电极的成本。
上述太阳能电池还可以包括搭接汇流电极，搭接汇流电极的一端与靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极连接，焊盘设置于搭接汇流电极的另一端。搭接汇流电极位于以下两者之间：靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极；和，与靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极相邻的汇流电极。此时可以确保焊盘与靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极的连通性，以确保太阳能电池的性能。
在一种实现方式中，在沿第一方向的任一位置处，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极的宽度小于相邻汇流电极对应区域的宽度。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，由于靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极仅一侧设置有与其相交的集电电极，因此该汇流电极的宽度相比于相邻汇流电极对应区 域的宽度可以减小。基于此，可以在确保靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极的能力的同时，降低该汇流电极的制作成本，进而降低太阳能电池的制作成本。
在一种实现方式中，在沿第一方向的任一位置处，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极的宽度为相邻汇流电极对应区域的宽度的1/2。
在一种实现方式中，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极在电池本体上的投影包括梯形和/或三角形。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，在确保靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极的截面积满足实际需要的情况下，增加选择性。此时，可以使该汇流电极适应不同的应用场景，以扩大太阳能电池的适用范围。
在一种实现方式中，上述搭接汇流电极的宽度等于与搭接汇流电极连接的汇流电极宽度的最大值，搭接汇流电极的宽度方向与第一方向一致。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，不仅可以确保搭接汇流电极汇集所有集电电极收集的载流子的能力，同时还可以确保搭接汇流电极将收集的电流传输至焊盘的能力，以确保太阳能电池的性能。
在一种实现方式中，上述太阳能电池为背接触电池，汇流电极为N区汇流电极。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，由于N区汇流电极通常采用银浆制成，银的单价较高，因此，当本申请提供的汇流电极为背接触电池的N区汇流电极时，可以在确保汇流电极的性能的同时，降低汇流电极的制作成本，以降低太阳能 电池的制作成本。
在一种实现方式中，预设点为其所在的汇流电极上任意相邻两个焊盘之间的中心点。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种太阳能组件。该太阳能组件包括上述技术方案所述的太阳能电池。
与现有技术相比，本申请提供的太阳能组件的有益效果与上述技术方案所述太阳能电池的有益效果相同，此处不做赘述。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例中太阳能电池的部分结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中集电电极的截面示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中汇流电极的截面示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中图1中部分结构的放大示意图一；
图5为本申请实施例中图1中部分结构的放大示意图二；
图6为本申请实施例中太阳能电池的部分结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中图6中部分结构的放大示意图。
附图标记：
1-汇流电极，              10-第一汇流电极，        2-焊盘，
3-集电电极，               4-预设点，               5-第二汇流电极，
6-搭接汇流电极，           A-第一方向，            B-第二方向。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件时，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件时，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。“若干”的含义是一个或一个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限 制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了解决上述技术问题，第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种太阳能电池。参见图1至图4，该太阳能电池包括：电池本体、汇流电极1、焊盘2和集电电极3。汇流电极1形成在电池本体上，多条汇流电极1沿第一方向A延伸、且沿第二方向B间隔分布，第一方向不同于第二方向。对于汇流电极1，多个焊盘2沿第一方向间隔设置于该汇流电极1。对于所述多条汇流电极中的至少一条汇流电极中的每条汇流电极1，沿该汇流电极1上的一预设点4至与预设点4相邻的任一焊盘2的方向，该汇流电极1的宽度逐渐增大。预设点4为其所在的汇流电极1上任意相邻两个焊盘2之间的任意一点，汇流电极1的宽度方向与第二方向一致，预设点4至其所在的汇流电极上的与预设点4相邻的任一焊盘2的方向平行于第一方向。集电电极3形成在电池本体上，多条集电电极3沿第二方向延伸、且沿第一方向间隔分布，每条汇流电极1与极性相同的多条集电电极3相交。其中，对于所述至少一条汇流电极中的每条汇流电极1，Sz≥2×n×Sx， n为大于或等于1的整数；将位于该汇流电极1上的预设点4和该汇流电极上的与预设点4相邻的任一焊盘2之间的部分汇流电极1定义为第一汇流电极10，Sx表示与第一汇流电极10相交的任一集电电极3沿第一方向的截面面积；对于从该汇流电极1上的预设点4开始、在从预设点4到该任一焊盘的方向上与第一汇流电极10相交的第n条集电电极3，Sz表示第一汇流电极10在与该第n条集电电极3相交处的沿第二方向的截面面积。
上述至少一条汇流电极可以是所述多条汇流电极中的全部汇流电极或部分汇流电极。在本申请的情况下，将所述至少一条汇流电极的宽度设置为渐变的旨在节省汇流电极材料。在此前提下，是将全部汇流电极还是部分汇流电极的宽度设置为渐变的可以根据具体情况而定。一个典型的例子是同时包括铝汇流电极和银汇流电极，由于银相对贵，可以将银汇流电极作渐变设计，即将银汇流电极的宽度设置为渐变的，而铝便宜且铝电极难印刷，没有必要将铝汇流电极做成渐变的，将铝汇流电极做成渐变的反而会引入风险。
上述电池本体的结构、规格等可以根据实际情况进行设置，在此不做具体限定。进一步地，上述第一方向和第二方向二者可以为平行于电池本体表面、且互不相同的任意两个方向。优选的，参见图1，上述第一方向A和第二方向B正交。
参见图1至图4，在实际使用过程中，集电电极3对电池本体相应区域内产生的载流子进行收集，汇流电极1用于汇集与其相交的集电电极3收集的载流 子。接着，汇流电极1将收集的载流子传输至焊盘2，由焊盘2传输至与其连接的焊带。随着与汇流电极1相交的集电电极3数量的增多，汇流电极1承担的电流密度不断增大。基于此，当沿预设点4至与预设点4相邻的任一焊盘2的方向，汇流电极1的宽度逐渐增大时，可以提高汇流电极1承担电流密度的能力，以提高汇流电极1汇集电流的效果，进而确保太阳能电池的性能。应理解，本申请实施例中汇流电极1的最小宽度满足实际工作需要。换言之，相比于现有技术中等宽的汇流电极，本申请实施例中的汇流电极1宽度设计更合理。
进一步地，由于沿预设点4至与预设点4相邻的任一焊盘2的方向，汇流电极1的宽度逐渐增大，此时，在确保汇流电极1中与焊盘2连接的区域正常工作且焊盘2的尺寸与现有技术中焊盘的尺寸基本一致或一致(换言之，汇流电极1的最大宽度与现有技术中汇流电极的宽度基本一致、一致或甚至比现有技术中汇流电极的宽度更小)的情况下，由于远离焊盘2的汇流电极1的宽度逐渐减小，因此用于制作汇流电极1的浆料用量小于现有技术中制作等宽汇流电极时的浆料用量。基于此，可以降低汇流电极1的制作成本，进而降低太阳能电池的制作成本。同时，相比于现有技术中等宽的汇流电极，本申请实施例提供的汇流电极1还可以减少对电池本体正面的遮挡，以提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。再进一步地，单根汇流电极1需要对位于其左右两侧的集电电极3进行电流汇集的特性，会优先选择电阻较小的区域进行传导，因此当Sz≥2×n×Sx时，可以保证汇流电极1在汇集电流时电流的传导性能最佳。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图2，Sx大于或等于75um2，且小于或等于375um2。例如，Sx可以是75um2、95um2、124um2、150um2、196um2、260um2或375um2等。X1大于或等于30um，且小于或等于50um；其中，X1表示与第一汇流电极10相交的任一集电电极3的宽度，集电电极3的宽度方向与第一方向一致。例如，X1可以是30um、33um、35um、40um、42um、48um或50um等。上述X1的取值与印刷用的网版规格有关，可根据不同量产需求调整网版线宽。此时，可以在确保集电电极3收集载流子的能力的情况下，降低集电电极3的制作成本，进而进一步降低太阳能电池的制作成本。
作为一种可能的实现方式，上述集电电极的截面形状可以根据实际需要进行设置，例如，可以是三角形或类三角形。具体的，在截面形状为上述类三角形的情况下，是指截面的底边为直线段，截面的、与直线段两端连接的剩余边缘部分为弧线段。
参见图2，在本申请实施例中，上述集电电极3的截面形状为类三角形。示例性的，集电电极3的截面面积Sx＝f×((X1×X2)/2)。其中，f表示经验系数，用于修正集电电极3的实际截面面积。应理解，f会受到不同机台、浆料、网版辅料印刷状态等因素的影响。f大于0，且小于或等于2。例如，f可以是0.1、0.5、1、1.2、1.6或2等。X2表示与第一汇流电极10相交的任一集电电极3的高度，集电电极3的高度方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向二者。上述X2的取值与印刷用的网版规格有关，可根据不同量产需求调整网版厚度。示例性的，上 述X2大于或等于5um，且小于或等于15um。例如，X2可以是5um、8um、9um、10um、12um、13um或15um等。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图5，相邻且相同极性的集电电极3之间的间距L可以根据实际情况进行设置，在此不做具体限定，上述间距沿第一方向。示例性的，上述间距仅和图形设计有关，一旦图形确定，该间距就为固定值。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图1至图5，上述第一汇流电极10的宽度Z1大于或等于a，且小于或等于b，其中，a小于b。a和b均可为常数。例如，a大于或等于30um，且小于或等于200um；b大于或等于60um，且小于或等于3mm。例如，Z1可以是30um、56um、60um、200um、2500um或3000um等；相应地，a可以是30um、45um、56um、80um、130um或200um等，b可以是60um、80um、160um、1000um、2500um或3000um等。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，第一汇流电极10宽度的取值可以综合考虑与其相交的集电电极3的截面面积或者第一汇流电极10的高度或者其他影响因素进行选择。此时，不仅增加了第一汇流电极10宽度的选择性，同时还可以扩大第一汇流电极10的适用范围。
作为一种可能的实现方式，上述第一汇流电极的截面形状可以根据实际需要进行设置，例如，可以是矩形、类矩形、正方形、类正方形等。具体的，在截面形状为上述类矩形或类正方形的情况下，是指截面的底边为直线段，截面的、与直线段两端连接的剩余边缘部分为弧线段或截面的、与直线段相对的边 缘部分为弧线段。
参见图3，在本申请实施例中，上述第一汇流电极10的截面形状为矩形。示例性的，第一汇流电极10的截面面积Sz＝Z1×Z2；其中，Z2表示第一汇流电极10的高度，第一汇流电极10的高度方向垂直于第一方向和第二方向二者。上述Z2的取值与印刷用的网版规格有关，可根据不同量产需求调整网版厚度。示例性的，上述Z2大于或等于2um，且小于或等于7um。例如，Z2可以是2um、2.5um、3.6um、4.9um、5um、6.2um、6.8um或7um等。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图1，上述预设点4为其所在的汇流电极1上的任意相邻两个焊盘2之间的中心点。
下面以一种可能的情况为例描述第一汇流电极的宽度的取值计算过程，应理解，以下描述仅用于理解，不用于具体限定。
参见图1至图4，当集电电极3的截面面积Sx为180um2，第一汇流电极10的高度Z2为4.5um，预设点4为其所在的汇流电极1上的相邻两个焊盘2之间的中心点，并且这两个焊盘2之间具有10根集电电极3，第五根集电电极3贯穿该中心点时，a＝(2×1×180)/4.5＝80um，b＝(2×5×180)/4.5＝400um。即第一汇流电极10的宽度Z1大于或等于80um，且小于或等于400um。
应理解，在实际制作过程中，不能确保每一次都有集电电极穿过预设点，但是可以保证预设点周围一定存在集电电极。因此，在计算第一汇流电极的宽度的最小值时，若无集电电极穿过预设点，则选取距离预设点最近的集电电极 进行计算。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图6和图7，对于靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1(为了便于描述将其简称为第二汇流电极5)，仅在其朝向相邻汇流电极1(即，与该靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1相邻的汇流电极1)的一侧，沿第一方向间隔设置有极性相同的集电电极3，此时可以节省制作集电电极3的成本。
参见图6和图7，上述太阳能电池还包括搭接汇流电极6，搭接汇流电极6的一端与靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1连接，焊盘2设置于搭接汇流电极6的另一端。搭接汇流电极6位于以下两者之间：靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1；和，与该靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1相邻的汇流电极1之间。此时可以确保焊盘2与靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1的连通性，以确保太阳能电池的性能。
在一种可选方式中，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1的宽度小于相邻汇流电极1(即，与该靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1相邻的汇流电极1)对应区域的宽度，即，在沿第一方向的任一位置处，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1的宽度小于相邻汇流电极1的宽度。由于靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1仅一侧设置有与其相交的集电电极3，因此该汇流电极1的宽度相比于相邻汇流电极1对应区域的宽度可以减小。基于此，可以在确保靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1的能力的同时，降低该汇流电极1的制作成本，进而降低太阳能电池的制作成本。
在一种可选方式中，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1的宽度为相邻汇流电极1对应区域的宽度的1/2。
在一种可选方式中，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1在电池本体上的投影包括梯形和/或三角形。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，在确保靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1的截面积满足实际需要的情况下，增加选择性。此时，可以使该汇流电极1适应不同的应用场景，以扩大太阳能电池的适用范围。
示例性的，靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极1在电池本体上的投影可以仅包括梯形，也可以仅包括三角形，当然还可以既包括梯形也包括三角形。
在一种可选方式中，参见图7，上述搭接汇流电极6在电池本体上的投影为矩形。
在一种可选方式中，参见图7，上述搭接汇流电极6的宽度W等于与搭接汇流电极6连接的汇流电极1宽度的最大值(即Z1的最大值)，搭接汇流电极6的宽度方向与第一方向一致。此时，不仅可以确保搭接汇流电极6汇集所有集电电极3收集的载流子的能力，同时还可以确保搭接汇流电极6将收集的电流传输至焊盘2的能力，以确保太阳能电池的性能。
作为一种可能的实现方式，上述太阳能电池为背接触电池，汇流电极为N区汇流电极。
N区汇流电极通常采用银浆制成，银的单价较高。因此，当本申请提供的 汇流电极为背接触电池的N区汇流电极时，可以在确保汇流电极的性能的同时，降低汇流电极的制作成本，以降低太阳能电池的制作成本。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种太阳能组件。该太阳能组件包括上述技术方案所述的太阳能电池。
与现有技术相比，本申请实施例提供的太阳能组件的有益效果与上述技术方案所述太阳能电池的有益效果相同，此处不做赘述。
作为一种可能的实现方式，上述太阳能组件还包括焊带。焊带沿第一方向设置于焊盘。
在上述实施方式的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所附权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能电池，包括：
    电池本体；
    汇流电极，形成在所述电池本体上；多条所述汇流电极沿第一方向延伸、且沿第二方向间隔分布；所述第一方向不同于所述第二方向；
    焊盘，对于多条所述汇流电极中的至少一条汇流电极：多个所述焊盘沿第一方向间隔设置于所述至少一条汇流电极；沿所述至少一条汇流电极上的一预设点至所述预设点所在的所述汇流电极上的与所述预设点相邻的任一所述焊盘的方向，所述预设点所在的所述汇流电极的宽度逐渐增大；所述预设点为其所在的所述汇流电极上任意相邻两个所述焊盘之间的任意一点；所述至少一条汇流电极的宽度方向与所述第二方向一致，所述预设点至其所在的所述汇流电极上的与所述预设点相邻的任一所述焊盘的方向平行于所述第一方向；
    集电电极，形成在所述电池本体上；多条所述集电电极沿所述第二方向延伸、且沿所述第一方向间隔分布；每条所述汇流电极与极性相同的多条所述集电电极相交；
    其中，Sz≥2×n×Sx，n为大于或等于1的整数；将位于所述预设点和所述预设点所在的所述汇流电极上的与所述预设点相邻的任一所述焊盘之间的部分汇流电极定义为第一汇流电极；Sx表示与所述第一汇流电极相交的任一所述集 电电极的沿所述第一方向的截面面积；对于从所述汇流电极上的所述预设点开始、在从所述预设点到该任一所述焊盘的方向上与所述第一汇流电极相交的第n条所述集电电极，Sz表示所述第一汇流电极在与第n条所述集电电极相交处的沿所述第二方向的截面面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其中，
    Sx大于或等于75um2，且小于或等于375um2；
    X1大于或等于30um，且小于或等于50um；
    其中，X1表示与所述第一汇流电极相交的任一所述集电电极的宽度，所述集电电极的宽度方向与所述第一方向一致。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的太阳能电池，其中，
    所述第一汇流电极的宽度Z1大于或等于a，且小于或等于b；
    其中，a小于b；a大于或等于30um，且小于或等于200um；b大于或等于60um，且小于或等于3mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其中，对于靠近所述电池本体边缘的所述汇流电极，仅在其朝向与其相邻的相邻所述汇流电极的一侧，沿所述第一方向间隔设置有极性相同的所述集电电极；
    所述太阳能电池还包括搭接汇流电极，所述搭接汇流电极的一端与靠近所述电池本体边缘的所述汇流电极连接，所述焊盘设置于所述搭接汇流电极的另一端；所述搭接汇流电极位于以下两者之间：靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极， 以及，与所述靠近电池本体边缘的汇流电极相邻的所述汇流电极。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能电池，其中，在沿所述第一方向的任一位置处，靠近所述电池本体边缘的所述汇流电极的宽度小于相邻所述汇流电极对应区域的宽度。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的太阳能电池，其中，在沿所述第一方向的任一位置处，靠近所述电池本体边缘的所述汇流电极的宽度为相邻所述汇流电极对应区域的宽度的1/2。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能电池，其中，靠近所述电池本体边缘的所述汇流电极在所述电池本体上的投影包括梯形和/或三角形。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的太阳能电池，其中，所述搭接汇流电极的宽度等于与所述搭接汇流电极连接的所述汇流电极的宽度的最大值；所述搭接汇流电极的宽度方向与所述第一方向一致。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其中，
    所述太阳能电池为背接触电池，所述汇流电极为N区汇流电极；和/或，
    所述预设点为其所在的所述汇流电极上任意相邻两个所述焊盘之间的中心点。
  10. 一种太阳能组件，包括如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的太阳能电池。
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