WO2025227906A1 - 一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件

Info

Publication number
WO2025227906A1
WO2025227906A1 PCT/CN2025/079298 CN2025079298W WO2025227906A1 WO 2025227906 A1 WO2025227906 A1 WO 2025227906A1 CN 2025079298 W CN2025079298 W CN 2025079298W WO 2025227906 A1 WO2025227906 A1 WO 2025227906A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
edge
welding structure
edge welding
cell body
orthographic projection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/079298
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜海艳
李慧
白明华
楚阳阳
党长伟
朱惠君
平飞林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xian Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xian Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xian Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xian Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP25714263.8A priority Critical patent/EP4665120A4/en
Priority to AU2025202536A priority patent/AU2025202536B2/en
Publication of WO2025227906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025227906A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • H10F77/215—Geometries of grid contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • H10F77/206—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers
    • H10F77/211—Electrodes for devices having potential barriers for photovoltaic cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of solar cell technology, and more particularly to a solar cell and a solar module.
  • Solar panels typically consist of multiple cell strings, each string comprising multiple solar cells. During the fabrication of these cell strings, solder ribbons are typically used to connect the multiple solar cells together.
  • the first part of the solder strip is welded to the front of the previous solar cell, and the second part of the solder strip is welded to the back of the next solar cell.
  • the solder strip is bent during the transition from the previous solar cell to the next solar cell.
  • the aforementioned solar cells generally include a cell body, multiple solder pads, and multiple bus electrodes.
  • the cell body includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other.
  • the orthographic projections of the end solder pads located on the first surface and the end solder pads located on the second surface on the cell body are often not completely aligned.
  • the end solder pads are most affected by the shrinkage tension of the solder strip. Therefore, if the position of the end solder pads is not properly configured, the difference in shrinkage tension between the first and second surfaces of the cell body during welding can lead to bending or even microcracks in the cell body.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a solar cell and a solar module that reduces the probability of bending or even microcracks in the cell body, so as to ensure the quality of the final solar module.
  • this application provides a solar cell.
  • the solar cell includes a cell body, which includes opposing first and second surfaces, and first and second electrode structures respectively formed on the first and second surfaces.
  • the cell body includes opposing first and second edges.
  • the first electrode structures include at least two first weld structures spaced apart along the first direction
  • the second electrode structures include at least two second weld structures spaced apart along the first direction.
  • the first weld structures include a first edge weld structure near the first edge and a second edge weld structure near the second edge.
  • the second weld structures include a third edge weld structure near the first edge and a fourth edge weld structure near the second edge.
  • the distance between the first edge weld structure and the first edge is less than the distance between the third edge weld structure and the first edge, and the distance between the second edge weld structure and the second edge is less than the distance between the fourth edge weld structure and the second edge.
  • the distance between the first edge welding structure and the first edge is smaller than the distance between the third edge welding structure and the first edge
  • the distance between the second edge welding structure and the second edge is smaller than the distance between the fourth edge welding structure and the second edge. Therefore, after actual welding, on the first surface of the cell body, both the first and second edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force (hereinafter referred to as the first tensile force) towards the interior of the cell body.
  • the first tensile force tensile force
  • both the third and fourth edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force (hereinafter referred to as the second tensile force).
  • the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first and second edge welding structures and the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third and fourth edge welding structures are close and located in the middle region of the cell.
  • the first and second tensions can essentially cancel each other out, thus balancing the effects of the solder strip tension on the first and second surfaces.
  • This allows the effects of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the first surface and the effects of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the second surface to be balanced as much as possible, thereby reducing or eliminating the probability of the cell body bending or even microcracks, and ensuring the quality of the final solar module.
  • the difference between the distance between the first edge welding structure and the first edge and the distance between the third edge welding structure and the first edge is equal to the difference between the distance between the second edge welding structure and the second edge and the distance between the fourth edge welding structure and the second edge.
  • the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first and second edge welding structures and the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third and fourth edge welding structures are infinitely close to or coincide with each other.
  • the first and second tensile forces can almost completely cancel each other out, which can better prevent the battery cell body from bending or even microcracks.
  • the distance between the first edge welding structure and the first edge is greater than or equal to 4.5 mm and less than or equal to 8.5 mm; the distance between the second edge welding structure and the second edge is greater than or equal to 5.5 mm and less than or equal to 9.5 mm; the distance between the third edge welding structure and the first edge is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 9 mm; and the distance between the fourth edge welding structure and the second edge is greater than or equal to 6.5 mm and less than or equal to 10.5 mm.
  • the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body by a rate greater than or equal to 0 and less than 70%.
  • the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body by a factor greater than or equal to 0 and less than 70%.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body is equal to or unequal to the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body is zero, the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body is greater than 50% and less than 100%.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body is zero, the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body is greater than 50% and less than 100%.
  • the probability of welding stress concentration in the first and second welding structures on the first and second surfaces of the solar cell can be reduced, and the distribution of the first and second edge welding structures can be avoided to prevent the distribution of the third and fourth edge welding structures to be relatively concentrated, thereby ensuring the uniformity of current collection.
  • the first welding structure further includes a first intermediate welding structure located between the first edge welding structure and the second edge welding structure.
  • the height of the first intermediate welding structure is equal to the height of the first edge welding structure, and the height of the first edge welding structure is equal to the height of the second edge welding structure.
  • the conductive connector is securely connected to the first edge welding structure, the second edge welding structure, and the first intermediate welding structure, thus ensuring the quality of the solar cell. Furthermore, it can prevent the conductive connector from being raised due to the first intermediate welding structure being higher than the first and second edge welding structures, thereby preventing microcracks or fragmentation of the solar cell.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first intermediate welded structure is smaller than that of the first edge welded structure, and the cross-sectional area of the first edge welded structure is equal to that of the second edge welded structure.
  • the cross-sections of the first intermediate welded structure, the first edge welded structure, and the second edge welded structure are all parallel to the main body of the battery cell.
  • the shading area of the first intermediate welding structure on the main body of the solar cell can be reduced to improve the utilization of light by the solar cell, thereby improving the cell efficiency of the solar cell.
  • the second welding structure further includes a second intermediate welding structure located between the third edge welding structure and the fourth edge welding structure.
  • the height of the second intermediate welding structure is equal to the height of the third edge welding structure, and the height of the third edge welding structure is equal to the height of the fourth edge welding structure.
  • the conductive connector is securely connected to the third edge welding structure, the fourth edge welding structure, and the second intermediate welding structure, thus ensuring the quality of the solar cell. Furthermore, it can prevent the conductive connector from being raised due to the second intermediate welding structure being higher than the third and fourth edge welding structures, thereby preventing microcracks or fragmentation of the solar cell.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second intermediate welded structure is smaller than that of the third edge welded structure, and the cross-sectional area of the third edge welded structure is equal to that of the fourth edge welded structure.
  • the cross-sections of the second intermediate welded structure, the third edge welded structure, and the fourth edge welded structure are all parallel to the main body of the battery cell.
  • the shading area of the second intermediate welding structure on the main body of the solar cell can be reduced to improve the utilization of light by the solar cell, thereby improving the cell efficiency of the solar cell.
  • the first welding structure includes at least two first intermediate welding structures, and the orthographic projection of half of the first intermediate welding structures on the cell body does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second intermediate welding structure on the cell body.
  • the probability of welding stress concentration in the first and second welding structures on the first and second surfaces of the solar cell can be further reduced during the actual welding process, so as to ensure the welding reliability of the final obtained solar module.
  • the orthographic projections of all first intermediate welded structures on the cell body are misaligned with the orthographic projections of the corresponding second intermediate welded structures on the cell body.
  • the distance difference between the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first edge weld structure and the second edge weld structure and the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third edge weld structure and the fourth edge weld structure is less than 0.5 mm; or, the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first edge weld structure and the second edge weld structure passes through one of the first intermediate weld structures; or, the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third edge weld structure and the fourth edge weld structure passes through one of the second intermediate weld structures.
  • the probability of bending or even microcracks in the main body of the battery cell can be reduced, while maintaining the reasonable position of the first or second intermediate welding structure, thus ensuring the strength and effectiveness of the conductive connector connection.
  • the solar module includes a battery string, which comprises multiple conductive connectors and multiple solar cells arranged at intervals as described in the above technical solutions, with the conductive connectors connecting the multiple solar cells in series.
  • a plurality of spaced-apart solar cells include adjacent first and second solar cells.
  • a conductive connector includes a first connecting segment located on a first surface of the first solar cell, a second connecting segment located on a second surface of the second solar cell, and a third connecting segment.
  • the first connecting segment has a first end segment and a second end segment. The first end segment is welded to a first edge welding structure of the first solar cell, and the second end segment is welded to a second edge welding structure of the first solar cell.
  • the second connecting segment includes a third end segment and a fourth end segment. The third end segment is welded to a third edge welding structure of the second solar cell, and the fourth end segment is welded to a fourth edge welding structure of the second solar cell.
  • the second and third end segments are connected by the third connecting segment.
  • both the first and second edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force towards the interior of the battery cell body (referred to as the first tensile force for ease of description).
  • both the third and fourth edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force towards the interior of the battery cell body (referred to as the second tensile force for ease of description).
  • the above technical solution ensures that the perpendicular bisectors of the lines connecting the first and second edge welding structures and the third and fourth edge welding structures are close to each other and located in the middle region of the battery cell.
  • the first and second tensions can essentially cancel each other out, thus balancing the effects of the solder strip tension on the first and second surfaces.
  • This allows the effects of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the first surface and the effects of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the second surface to be balanced as much as possible, thereby reducing or eliminating the probability of the cell body bending or even microcracks, and ensuring the quality of the final solar module.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first surface of the solar cell in an embodiment of this application;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second surface of the solar cell in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar module in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in Figure 3 in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 1 Battery cell body, 10-First surface, 11-Second surface, 12-First edge, 13-Second edge; 2- First electrode structure, 20-first welding structure, 21-first edge welding structure, 22-second edge welding structure, 23-first intermediate welding structure; 3-second electrode structure, 30-second welding structure, 31-third edge welding structure, 32-fourth edge welding structure, 33-second intermediate welding structure; 4-conductive connector, 40-first connecting segment, 41-second connecting segment, 42-third connecting segment, 43-first end segment, 44-second end segment, 45-third end segment, 46-fourth end segment; 5-first solar cell, 6-second solar cell.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
  • “multiple” means two or more, unless otherwise expressly specified. "Several” means one or more, unless otherwise expressly specified.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly.
  • they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly.
  • they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components.
  • the solar cell includes a cell body 1, which includes a first surface 10 and a second surface 11 facing each other, and a first electrode structure 2 and a second electrode structure 3 respectively formed on the first surface 10 and the second surface 11.
  • the cell body 1 includes a first edge 12 and a second edge 13 facing each other.
  • the structure, specifications, etc., of the cell body can be set according to actual conditions and are not specifically limited here.
  • the first direction is parallel to the surface of the cell body.
  • the first electrode structure 2 includes at least two first welding structures 20 spaced apart along the first direction A
  • the second electrode structure 3 includes at least two second welding structures 30 spaced apart along the first direction A.
  • the first welding structure 20 includes a first edge welding structure 21 near the first edge 12 and a second edge welding structure 22 near the second edge 13.
  • the first electrode structure may include a main gate extending along a first direction, and at least two first weld structures spaced apart along the first direction and disposed on the main gate.
  • the first electrode structure may include multiple main gates, and multiple first weld structures disposed on the multiple main gates. Therefore, the phrase "at least two first weld structures spaced apart along the first direction" can be understood as referring to first weld structures on the same main gate. Further, for ease of later description, the first weld structures are divided into first edge weld structures near the first edge and second edge weld structures near the second edge.
  • the second welding structure 30 includes a third edge welding structure 31 near the first edge 12 and a fourth edge welding structure 32 near the second edge 13.
  • the second electrode structure may include a main gate extending along a first direction, and at least two second welding structures spaced apart along the first direction and disposed on the main gate.
  • the second electrode structure may include multiple main gates, and multiple second welding structures disposed on the multiple main gates. Therefore, the phrase "at least two second welding structures spaced apart along the first direction" can be understood as referring to second welding structures on the same main gate. Further, for ease of later description, the second welding structures are divided into a third edge welding structure near the first edge and a fourth edge welding structure near the second edge.
  • the distance L1 between the first edge welding structure 21 and the first edge 12 is less than L1
  • the distance L2 between the third edge welding structure 31 and the first edge 12 is less than L2.
  • the distance L3 between the second edge welding structure 22 and the second edge 13 is less than L4, and the distance L4 between the fourth edge welding structure 32 and the second edge 13 is less than L4. Therefore, it can be seen that the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure 21 on the cell body 1 does not completely coincide with the orthographic projection of the third edge welding structure 31 on the cell body 1, and the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure 22 on the cell body 1 does not completely coincide with the orthographic projection of the fourth edge welding structure 32 on the cell body 1.
  • first edge welding structure 21 and the third edge welding structure 31 are offset by a portion
  • second edge welding structure 22 and the fourth edge welding structure 32 are offset by a portion.
  • both the first and second edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force towards the interior of the battery cell body (referred to as the first tensile force for ease of description).
  • both the third and fourth edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force towards the interior of the battery cell body (referred to as the second tensile force for ease of description).
  • the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first and second edge welding structures and the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third and fourth edge welding structures are close and located in the middle region of the battery cell.
  • the first and second tensions can essentially cancel each other out, thus balancing the effects of the solder strip tension on the first and second surfaces.
  • This allows the effects of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the first surface and the effects of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the second surface to be balanced as much as possible, thereby reducing or eliminating the probability of the cell body bending or even microcracks, and ensuring the quality of the final solar module.
  • the difference between the distance L1 between the first edge welding structure 21 and the first edge 12 and the distance L2 between the third edge welding structure 31 and the first edge 12 is equal to the difference between the distance L3 between the second edge welding structure 22 and the second edge 13 and the distance L4 between the fourth edge welding structure 32 and the second edge 13.
  • the perpendicular bisector M of the line connecting the first edge welding structure 21 and the second edge welding structure 22 and the perpendicular bisector N of the line connecting the third edge welding structure 31 and the fourth edge welding structure 32 are infinitely close to or coincide with each other.
  • the first tensile force and the second tensile force can almost completely cancel each other out, which can better prevent the battery cell body from bending or even microcracks.
  • the distance L1 between the first edge welding structure 21 and the first edge 12 is greater than or equal to 4.5 mm and less than or equal to 8.5 mm; for example, the distance between the first edge welding structure 21 and the first edge 12 can be 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm or 8.5 mm, etc.
  • the distance L3 between the second edge welding structure 22 and the second edge 13 is greater than or equal to 5.5 mm and less than or equal to 9.5 mm; for example, the distance between the second edge welding structure 22 and the second edge 13 can be 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm or 9.5 mm, etc.
  • the distance L2 between the third edge welding structure 31 and the first edge 12 is greater than or equal to 5 mm and less than or equal to 9 mm; for example, the distance between the third edge welding structure 31 and the first edge 12 can be 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm or 9 mm, etc.
  • the distance L4 between the fourth edge welding structure 32 and the second edge 13 is greater than or equal to 6.5 mm and less than or equal to 10.5 mm.
  • the distance between the fourth edge welding structure 32 and the second edge 13 can be 6.5 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 8.5 mm, 9 mm, 9.5 mm, 10 mm or 10.5 mm, etc.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the battery cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the battery cell body is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 70%.
  • the overlap rate can be 0, 1%, 5%, 13%, 20%, 50%, 60%, or 69%, etc.
  • the overlap rate refers to the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first and third edge welding structures in the first direction to the length of the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure in the first direction; or, the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first and third edge welding structures in the first direction to the length of the orthographic projection of the third edge welding structure in the first direction; or, the ratio of the area of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first and third edge welding structures to the area of the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure; or, the ratio of the area of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first and third edge welding structures to the area of the orthographic projection of the third edge welding structure.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 70%.
  • the overlap rate can be 0, 1%, 5%, 13%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 60%, or 69%, etc.
  • the overlap rate refers to the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the second and fourth edge welding structures in the first direction to the length of the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure in the first direction; or, the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion of the second and fourth edge welding structures in the first direction to the length of the orthographic projection of the fourth edge welding structure in the first direction; or, the ratio of the area of the overlapping portion of the second and fourth edge welding structures to the area of the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure; or, the ratio of the area of the overlapping portion of the second and fourth edge welding structures to the area of the orthographic projection of the fourth edge welding structure.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body is equal to or unequal to the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body is zero, the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body is greater than 50% and less than 100%.
  • the overlap rate can be 51%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 99%, etc.
  • the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the second edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding fourth edge welding structure on the cell body is zero, the overlap rate between the orthographic projection of the first edge welding structure on the cell body and the orthographic projection of the corresponding third edge welding structure on the cell body is greater than 50% and less than 100%.
  • the overlap rate can be 51%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, or 99%, etc.
  • the first welded structure 20 further includes a first intermediate welded structure 23 located between the first edge welded structure 21 and the second edge welded structure 22.
  • the number of first intermediate welded structures 23 is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 9. For example, it could be 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, etc.
  • the first welded structure 20 includes multiple first intermediate welded structures 23, the multiple first intermediate welded structures 23 can be arranged at equal intervals or unequal intervals.
  • the height of the first intermediate welded structure is equal to the height of the first edge welded structure, and the height of the first edge welded structure is equal to the height of the second edge welded structure.
  • the conductive connector is securely connected to the first edge welding structure, the second edge welding structure, and the first intermediate welding structure, thus ensuring the quality of the solar cell. Furthermore, it can prevent the conductive connector from being raised due to the first intermediate welding structure being higher than the first and second edge welding structures, thereby preventing microcracks or fragmentation of the solar cell.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first intermediate welded structure is smaller than that of the first edge welded structure, the cross-sectional area of the first edge welded structure is equal to that of the second edge welded structure, and the cross-sections of the first intermediate welded structure, the first edge welded structure, and the second edge welded structure are all parallel to the main body of the battery cell.
  • the shading area of the first intermediate welding structure on the main body of the solar cell can be reduced to improve the utilization of light by the solar cell, thereby improving the cell efficiency of the solar cell.
  • the second welded structure 30 further includes a second intermediate welded structure 33 located between the third edge welded structure 31 and the fourth edge welded structure 32.
  • the number of second intermediate welded structures 33 is greater than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 9.
  • the number of the aforementioned first intermediate welded structures 23 may be equal to or unequal to the number of second intermediate welded structures 33.
  • the second welded structure 30 includes multiple second intermediate welded structures 33, the multiple second intermediate welded structures 33 may be arranged at equal intervals or unequal intervals.
  • the height of the second intermediate welded structure is equal to the height of the third edge welded structure, and the height of the third edge welded structure is equal to the height of the fourth edge welded structure.
  • the conductive connector is securely connected to the third edge welding structure, the fourth edge welding structure, and the second intermediate welding structure, thus ensuring the quality of the solar cell. Furthermore, it can prevent the conductive connector from being raised due to the second intermediate welding structure being higher than the third and fourth edge welding structures, thereby preventing microcracks or fragmentation of the solar cell.
  • the cross-sectional area of the second intermediate welded structure is smaller than that of the third edge welded structure, and the cross-sectional area of the third edge welded structure is equal to that of the fourth edge welded structure.
  • the cross-sections of the second intermediate welded structure, the third edge welded structure, and the fourth edge welded structure are all parallel to the main body of the battery cell.
  • the shading area of the second intermediate welding structure on the main body of the solar cell can be reduced to improve the utilization of light by the solar cell, thereby improving the cell efficiency of the solar cell.
  • the following describes the overlap between the orthographic projection of the first intermediate welding structure on the main body of the battery cell and the orthographic projection of the second intermediate welding structure on the main body of the battery cell, using two possible scenarios as examples.
  • Example 1 The first welding structure mentioned above includes at least two first intermediate welding structures, and the orthographic projection of half of the first intermediate welding structures on the cell body does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second intermediate welding structure on the cell body.
  • the probability of welding stress concentration on the first and second welding structures on the first and second surfaces of the solar cell can be further reduced, so as to ensure the welding reliability of the final solar module.
  • Example 2 The orthographic projections of all first intermediate welded structures on the cell body are misaligned with the orthographic projections of the corresponding second intermediate welded structures on the cell body.
  • the distance difference between the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first and second edge welded structures and the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third and fourth edge welded structures is less than 0.5 mm; for example, the distance difference can be 0.49 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.43 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.2 mm, or 0.1 mm, etc.
  • the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first and second edge welded structures passes through one of the first intermediate welded structures.
  • the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third and fourth edge welded structures passes through one of the second intermediate welded structures.
  • the probability of bending or even microcracks in the main body of the battery cell can be reduced, while maintaining the reasonable position of the first or second intermediate welding structure, thus ensuring the strength and effectiveness of the conductive connector connection.
  • This solar energy module includes a battery string, which comprises multiple conductive connectors and multiple solar cells arranged at intervals as described in the above technical solutions.
  • the conductive connectors connect the multiple solar cells in series.
  • the aforementioned conductive connector can be a solder strip or other connector used to connect solar cells.
  • the conductive connector is a solder strip
  • the solder strip can have a circular, triangular, or rectangular cross-section.
  • a solder strip with a circular cross-section is used. This can address the mechanical stress at the solar cell connection point, eliminate microcracks in high-density solar modules, and improve the reliability of the solar modules.
  • multiple spaced solar cells include adjacent first solar cells 5 and second solar cells 6.
  • the conductive connector 4 includes a first connecting segment 40 located on a first surface 10 of the first solar cell 5, a second connecting segment 41 located on a second surface 11 of the second solar cell 6, and a third connecting segment 42.
  • the first connecting segment 40 has a first end segment 43 and a second end segment 44.
  • the first end segment 43 is welded to a first edge welding structure 21 of the first solar cell 5, and the second end segment 44 is welded to a second edge welding structure 22 of the first solar cell 5.
  • the second connecting segment 41 includes a third end segment 45 and a fourth end segment 46.
  • the third end segment 45 is welded to a third edge welding structure 31 of the second solar cell 6, and the fourth end segment 46 is welded to a fourth edge welding structure 32 of the second solar cell 6.
  • the second end segment 44 and the third end segment 45 are connected by the third connecting segment 42.
  • the solder ribbon experiences shrinkage stress during the later cooling process. Since the solder ribbon is welded to the first welding structure 20 and the second welding structure 30 of the solar cell, this shrinkage stress can exert undesirable tensile forces on the first welding structure 20 and the second welding structure 30, especially in bifacial solar cells. Because bifacial solar cells have electrode structures on both opposite surfaces and are welded to the solder ribbon, they are more prone to bending of the cell body 1 or severe damage to the first welding structure 20 and the second welding structure 30 due to uneven distribution of tensile forces on the cell body 1.
  • the solder strip after actual welding, because the solder strip has a relatively large movable space between two adjacent solar cells (e.g., region B in Figure 4), the solder strip can effectively release shrinkage stress during cooling.
  • the portion of the solder strip located between the first edge welding structure 21 and the second edge welding structure 22 does not have sufficient space to release shrinkage stress, and the solder strip is fixedly welded to the first edge welding structure 21 and the second edge welding structure 22 and cannot be moved.
  • Both the first edge welding structure 21 and the second edge welding structure 22 are subjected to a tensile force towards the interior of the cell body (for ease of description later, it is simply referred to as the first tensile force F1).
  • the first tensile force is large and there is no tensile force in the opposite direction to balance it.
  • the center of the first tensile force can be simply understood as the center position of the first edge welding structure 21 and the second edge welding structure 22.
  • the weld strip portion located between the third edge welding structure 31 and the fourth edge welding structure 32 does not have sufficient space for stress release due to shrinkage, and the weld strip is fixedly welded to the third edge welding structure 31 and the fourth edge welding structure 32 and cannot be moved.
  • Both the third edge welding structure 31 and the fourth edge welding structure 32 are subjected to a tensile force in the direction towards the interior of the battery cell body (for ease of description later, it is simply referred to as the second tensile force F2).
  • the second tensile force is large and there is no tensile force in the opposite direction to balance it.
  • the center of the second tensile force can be simply understood as the center position of the third edge welding structure 31 and the fourth edge welding structure 32.
  • the position of the four edge welding structures cannot make the second tensile force balance the effect of the first tensile force on the first surface, which will cause the main body of the battery cell to warp.
  • both the first and second edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force (referred to as the first tensile force for ease of description later).
  • both the third and fourth edge welding structures are subjected to a tensile force (referred to as the second tensile force for ease of description later).
  • the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the first edge welding structure 21 and the second edge welding structure 22, and the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the third edge welding structure 31 and the fourth edge welding structure 32, are close and located in the middle region of the battery cell.
  • the first tension F1 and the second tension F2 can basically cancel each other out, so as to basically balance or balance the influence of the solder strip tension on the first surface and the second surface. This makes the influence of the solder strip (i.e.
  • the conductive connector shrinkage on the cell body on the first surface and the influence of the solder strip shrinkage on the cell body on the second surface as much as possible to achieve a balance, thereby reducing or eliminating the probability of the cell body bending or even microcracks, so as to ensure the quality of the final solar module.
  • the first tension F1 and the second tension F2 can almost completely cancel each other out, which can better prevent the battery cell body from bending or even cracking.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件，涉及太阳能电池技术领域，以解决焊带焊接过程中，因焊接时电池片主体的第一表面和第二表面受到的焊带收缩拉力差异大，而导致电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的问题。该太阳能电池包括电池片主体、第一电极结构和第二电极结构。第一电极结构包括靠近第一边缘的第一边缘焊接结构，靠近第二边缘的第二边缘焊接结构。第二电极结构包括靠近第一边缘的第三边缘焊接结构，靠近第二边缘的第四边缘焊接结构。第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离小于第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离小于第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离。

Description

一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2024年04月30日提交的、申请号为202420941767.3的中国专利申请的优先权和利益，其内容通过引用全部纳入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及太阳能电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件。
背景技术
太阳能组件一般由多个电池串组成，每个电池串由多个太阳能电池构成。在制备电池串的过程中，通常采用焊带将多个太阳能电池进行串焊。
在串焊过程中，焊带的第一部分与前一个太阳能电池的正面焊接，焊带的第二部分与后一个太阳能电池的背面焊接，焊带从前一个太阳能电池过渡到后一个太阳能电池的过程中被折弯。
上述太阳能电池一般包括电池片主体、多个焊盘和多个汇流电极。电池片主体包括相对的第一表面和第二表面，为了解决焊盘焊接时的应力集中问题，往往设置位于第一表面的端部焊盘在电池片主体上的正投影和位于第二表面的端部焊盘在电池片主体上的正投影不完全重合。同时，在焊带焊接过程中，端部焊盘受到焊带的收缩拉力影响最大。因此，若端部焊盘的位置设置不合理，在焊接时电池片主体的第一表面和第二表面受到的焊带收缩拉力差异大，往往会导致电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件，用于降低电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的质量。
为了实现上述目的，第一方面，本申请提供了一种太阳能电池。该太阳能电池包括电池片主体，电池片主体包括相对的第一表面和第二表面，以及分别形成在第一表面和第二表面上的第一电极结构和第二电极结构。沿第一方向，电池片主体包括相对的第一边缘和第二边缘。第一电极结构包括沿第一方向间隔分布的至少两个第一焊接结构，第二电极结构包括沿第一方向间隔分布的至少两个第二焊接结构。第一焊接结构包括：靠近第一边缘的第一边缘焊接结构，以及靠近第二边缘的第二边缘焊接结构。第二焊接结构包括：靠近第一边缘的第三边缘焊接结构，以及靠近第二边缘的第四边缘焊接结构。第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离小于第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离小于第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离。
与现有技术相比，本申请提供的太阳能电池中，第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离小于第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离小于第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离。由此可知，实际焊接后，在电池片主体的第一表面，第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第一拉力)。在电池片主体的第二表面，第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第二拉力)。采用上述技术方案的情况下，能够保证第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线接近，且位于电池片中间区域。此时，第一拉力和第二拉力可以基本相互抵消或相互抵消，以基本平衡或平衡焊带拉力在第一表面和第二表面上产生的影响，从而使第一表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响和第二表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响尽可能达成平衡，进而降低或消除电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的质量。
在一种实现方式中，上述第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离和第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离的差值等于，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离和第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离的差值。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线无限接近或者重合。此时，第一拉力和第二拉力可以几乎完全抵消，能够更好地防止电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂。
在一种实现方式中，第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离大于或等于4.5mm，且小于或等于8.5mm；第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离大于或等于5.5mm，且小于或等于9.5mm；第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离大于或等于5mm，且小于或等于9mm；第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离大于或等于6.5mm，且小于或等于10.5mm。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，在保证实际焊接后，导电连接件(例如焊带)与第一边缘焊接结构、第二边缘焊接结构、第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构稳定焊接的情况下，减少应力集中。
在一种实现方式中，沿第一方向，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影，与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于或等于0且小于70％。
沿第一方向，第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影，与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于或等于0且小于70％。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，当两个重叠率均等于0时，第一边缘焊接结构和第三边缘焊接结构完全错开，第二边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构完全错开。此时，在实际焊接过程中，可以进一步降低太阳能电池的第一表面和第二表面上的第一焊接结构和第二焊接结构出现焊接应力集中的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的焊接可靠性。进一步地，重叠率小于70％，一方面能够确保重叠率过大造成的应力集中，另一方面也给焊盘的设计提供较大的灵活性。
在一种实现方式中，沿第一方向，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率，和第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率相等或不相等。
在一种实现方式中，沿第一方向，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率等于零时，第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于50％且小于100％。或，沿第一方向，第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率等于零时，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于50％且小于100％。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，可以在降低太阳能电池的第一表面和第二表面上的第一焊接结构和第二焊接结构出现焊接应力集中的概率的情况下，避免第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构分布比较集中，或者避免第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构分布比较集中，以确保电流收集的均匀性。
在一种实现方式中，第一焊接结构还包括位于第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构之间的第一中间焊接结构。第一中间焊接结构的高度等于第一边缘焊接结构的高度，第一边缘焊接结构的高度等于第二边缘焊接结构的高度。
此时，可以确保导电连接件与第一边缘焊接结构、第二边缘焊接结构和第一中间焊接结构均紧固连接，以确保太阳能电池的质量。进一步地，还可以避免因第一中间焊接结构的高度相比于第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构高，导致导电连接件被垫高的情况出现，从而避免太阳能电池隐裂或碎片的情况发生。
第一中间焊接结构的横截面积小于第一边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第一边缘焊接结构的横截面积等于第二边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第一中间焊接结构的横截面、第一边缘焊接结构的横截面以及第二边缘焊接结构的横截面均平行于电池片主体。
此时，可以减小第一中间焊接结构对电池片主体的遮挡面积，以提高太阳能电池对光的利用，从而提高太阳能电池的电池效率。
在一种实现方式中，第二焊接结构还包括位于第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构之间的第二中间焊接结构。第二中间焊接结构的高度等于第三边缘焊接结构的高度，第三边缘焊接结构的高度等于第四边缘焊接结构的高度。
此时，可以确保导电连接件与第三边缘焊接结构、第四缘焊接结构和第二中间焊接结构均紧固连接，以确保太阳能电池的质量。进一步地，还可以避免因第二中间焊接结构的高度相比于第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构高，导致导电连接件被垫高的情况出现，从而避免太阳能电池隐裂或碎片的情况发生。
第二中间焊接结构的横截面积小于第三边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第三边缘焊接结构的横截面积等于第四边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第二中间焊接结构的横截面、第三边缘焊接结构的横截面以及第四边缘焊接结构的横截面均平行于电池片主体。
此时，可以减小第二中间焊接结构对电池片主体的遮挡面积，以提高太阳能电池对光的利用，从而提高太阳能电池的电池效率。
在一种实现方式中，上述第一焊接结构包括至少两个第一中间焊接结构，一半数量的第一中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与第二中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影不重叠。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，在实际焊接过程中，可以进一步降低太阳能电池的第一表面和第二表面上的第一焊接结构和第二焊接结构出现焊接应力集中的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的焊接可靠性。
在一种实现方式中，所有第一中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第二中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影均错位。
在一种实现方式中，第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线之间的距离差小于0.5毫米；或，第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线穿过第一中间焊接结构中的一个；或，第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线穿过第二中间焊接结构中的一个。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，可以在降低电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率的同时，保持第一中间焊接结构或第二中间焊接结构的合理位置，保证导电连接件连接的强度和效果。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种太阳能组件。该太阳能组件包括电池串，电池串包括多个导电连接件和多个间隔排布的如上述技术方案所述的太阳能电池，导电连接件将多个太阳能电池串联。
与现有技术相比，本申请提供的太阳能组件的有益效果与上述技术方案所述太阳能电池的有益效果相同，此处不做赘述。
在一种实现方式中，多个间隔排布的太阳能电池包括相邻的第一太阳能电池和第二太阳能电池，导电连接件包括位于第一太阳能电池的第一表面上的第一连接段，位于第二太阳能电池的第二表面上的第二连接段，以及第三连接段。第一连接段具有第一端部段和第二端部段，第一端部段与第一太阳能电池的第一边缘焊接结构焊接，第二端部段与第一太阳能电池的第二边缘焊接结构焊接。第二连接段包括第三端部段和第四端部段，第三端部段与第二太阳能电池的第三边缘焊接结构焊接，第四端部段与第二太阳能电池的第四边缘焊接结构焊接，第二端部段和第三端部段通过第三连接段连接。
结合前文描述可知，由于第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离小于第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离小于第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离。由此可知，实际焊接后，在电池片主体的第一表面，第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第一拉力)。在电池片主体的第二表面，第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第二拉力)。采用上述技术方案的情况下，能够保证第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线接近，且位于电池片中间区域。此时，第一拉力和第二拉力可以基本相互抵消或相互抵消，以基本平衡或平衡焊带拉力在第一表面和第二表面上产生的影响，从而使第一表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响和第二表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响尽可能达成平衡，进而降低或消除电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的质量。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例中太阳能电池的第一表面的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中太阳能电池的第二表面的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中太阳能组件的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中图3的部分结构放大示意图。
附图标记：
1-电池片主体，10-第一表面，11-第二表面，12-第一边缘，13-第二边缘；2-
第一电极结构，20-第一焊接结构，21-第一边缘焊接结构，22-第二边缘焊接结构，23-第一中间焊接结构；3-第二电极结构，30-第二焊接结构，31-第三边缘焊接结构，32-第四边缘焊接结构，33-第二中间焊接结构；4-导电连接件，40-第一连接段，41-第二连接段，42-第三连接段，43-第一端部段，44-第二端部段，45-第三端部段，46-第四端部段；5-第一太阳能电池，6-第二太阳能电池。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。“若干”的含义是一个或一个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了解决上述技术问题，第一方面，本申请提供了一种太阳能电池。参见图1和图2，该太阳能电池包括电池片主体1，电池片主体1包括相对的第一表面10和第二表面11，以及分别形成在第一表面10和第二表面11上的第一电极结构2和第二电极结构3。沿第一方向A，电池片主体1包括相对的第一边缘12和第二边缘13。上述电池片主体的结构、规格等可以根据实际情况进行设置，在此不做具体限定。上述第一方向平行于电池片主体表面。
参见图1和图2，第一电极结构2包括沿第一方向A间隔分布的至少两个第一焊接结构20，第二电极结构3包括沿第一方向A间隔分布的至少两个第二焊接结构30。
参见图1，在一些实施方式中，第一焊接结构20包括：靠近第一边缘12的第一边缘焊接结构21，以及靠近第二边缘13的第二边缘焊接结构22。
在一种可选的方式中，第一电极结构可以包括沿第一方向延伸的主栅，以及沿第一方向间隔分布且设置于该主栅上的至少两个第一焊接结构。第一电极结构可以包括多个主栅，以及设置于该多个主栅上的多个第一焊接结构。因此上述“沿第一方向间隔分布的至少两个第一焊接结构”可以理解为针对同一主栅上的第一焊接结构而言。进一步地，为了便于后期描述，将第一焊接结构分为靠近第一边缘的第一边缘焊接结构，以及靠近第二边缘的第二边缘焊接结构。
参见图2，在一些实施方式中，第二焊接结构30包括：靠近第一边缘12的第三边缘焊接结构31，以及靠近第二边缘13的第四边缘焊接结构32。
在一种可选的方式中，第二电极结构可以包括沿第一方向延伸的主栅，以及沿第一方向间隔分布且设置于该主栅上的至少两个第二焊接结构。第二电极结构可以包括多个主栅，以及设置于该多个主栅上的多个第二焊接结构。因此上述“沿第一方向间隔分布的至少两个第二焊接结构”可以理解为针对同一主栅上的第二焊接结构而言。进一步地，为了便于后期描述，将第二焊接结构分为靠近第一边缘的第三边缘焊接结构，以及靠近第二边缘的第四边缘焊接结构。
参见图1至图4，第一边缘焊接结构21与第一边缘12之间的距离L1小于，第三边缘焊接结构31与第一边缘12之间的距离L2。第二边缘焊接结构22与第二边缘13之间的距离L3小于，第四边缘焊接结构32与第二边缘13之间的距离L4。由此可知，第一边缘焊接结构21在电池片主体1上的正投影与第三边缘焊接结构31在电池片主体1上的正投影不完全重合，第二边缘焊接结构22在电池片主体1上的正投影与第四边缘焊接结构32在电池片主体1上的正投影不完全重合。换言之，第一边缘焊接结构21和第三边缘焊接结构31错开一部分，第二边缘焊接结构22和第四边缘焊接结构32错开一部分。此时，在实际焊接过程中，可以降低太阳能电池的第一表面10和第二表面11上的第一焊接结构20和第二焊接结构30出现焊接应力集中的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的焊接可靠性。
进一步地，第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离小于第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离小于第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离。由此可知，实际焊接后，在电池片主体的第一表面，第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第一拉力)。在电池片主体的第二表面，第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第二拉力)。采用上述技术方案的情况下，能够保证第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线接近，且位于电池片中间区域。此时，第一拉力和第二拉力可以基本相互抵消或相互抵消，以基本平衡或平衡焊带拉力在第一表面和第二表面上产生的影响，从而使第一表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响和第二表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响尽可能达成平衡，进而降低或消除电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的质量。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图1至图4，上述第一边缘焊接结构21与第一边缘12之间的距离L1和第三边缘焊接结构31与第一边缘12之间的距离L2的差值等于，第二边缘焊接结构22与第二边缘13之间的距离L3和第四边缘焊接结构32与第二边缘13之间的距离L4的差值。
参见图1至图4，采用上述技术方案的情况下，第一边缘焊接结构21与第二边缘焊接结构22连线的中垂线M和第三边缘焊接结构31与第四边缘焊接结构32连线的中垂线N无限接近或者重合。此时，第一拉力和第二拉力可以几乎完全抵消，能够更好地防止电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图4，第一边缘焊接结构21与第一边缘12之间的距离L1大于或等于4.5mm，且小于或等于8.5mm；例如，第一边缘焊接结构21与第一边缘12之间的距离可以是4.5mm、5mm、5.5mm、6mm、6.5mm、7mm、7.5mm、8mm或8.5mm等。
第二边缘焊接结构22与第二边缘13之间的距离L3大于或等于5.5mm，且小于或等于9.5mm；例如，第二边缘焊接结构22与第二边缘13之间的距离可以是5.5mm、6mm、6.5mm、7mm、7.5mm、8mm、8.5mm、9mm或9.5mm等。
第三边缘焊接结构31与第一边缘12之间的距离L2大于或等于5mm，且小于或等于9mm；例如，第三边缘焊接结构31与第一边缘12之间的距离可以是5mm、5.5mm、6mm、6.5mm、7mm、7.5mm、8mm、8.5mm或9mm等。
第四边缘焊接结构32与第二边缘13之间的距离L4大于或等于6.5mm，且小于或等于10.5mm。例如，第四边缘焊接结构32与第二边缘13之间的距离可以是6.5mm、7mm、7.5mm、8mm、8.5mm、9mm、9.5mm、10mm或10.5mm等。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，在保证实际焊接后，导电连接件4(例如焊带)与第一边缘焊接结构21、第二边缘焊接结构22、第三边缘焊接结构31和第四边缘焊接结构32稳定焊接的情况下，减少应力集中。
作为一种可能的实现方式，沿第一方向，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影，与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于或等于0且小于70％。例如，重叠率可以是0、1％、5％、13％、20％、50％、60％或69％等。其中，重叠率指的是第一边缘焊接结构的正投影与第三边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分在第一方向上的长度与所述第一边缘焊接结构的正投影在第一方向上的长度之比，或者，第一边缘焊接结构的正投影与第三边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分在第一方向上的长度与所述第三边缘焊接结构的正投影在第一方向上的长度之比，或者，第一边缘焊接结构的正投影与第三边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分的面积与所述第一边缘焊接结构的正投影的面积之比，或者，第一边缘焊接结构的正投影与第三边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分的面积与所述第三边缘焊接结构的正投影的面积之比；
沿第一方向，第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影，与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于或等于0且小于70％。例如，重叠率可以是0、1％、5％、13％、20％、35％、50％、60％或69％等。其中，重叠率指的是第二边缘焊接结构的正投影与第四边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分在第一方向上的长度与所述第二边缘焊接结构的正投影在第一方向上的长度之比，或者，第二边缘焊接结构的正投影与第四边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分在第一方向上的长度与所述第四边缘焊接结构的正投影在第一方向上的长度之比，或者，第二边缘焊接结构的正投影与第四边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分的面积与所述第二边缘焊接结构的正投影的面积之比，或者，第二边缘焊接结构的正投影与第四边缘焊接结构的正投影的重叠部分的面积与所述第四边缘焊接结构的正投影的面积之比。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，当两个重叠率均等于0时，第一边缘焊接结构和第三边缘焊接结构完全错开，第二边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构完全错开。此时，在实际焊接过程中，可以进一步降低太阳能电池第一表面和第二表面上的第一焊接结构和第二焊接结构出现焊接应力集中的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的焊接可靠性。进一步地，重叠率小于70％，一方面能够确保重叠率过大造成的应力集中，另一方面也给焊盘的设计提供较大的灵活性。
作为一种可能的实现方式，沿第一方向，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率，和第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率相等或不相等。
作为一种可能的实现方式，沿第一方向，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率等于零时，第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于50％且小于100％。例如，重叠率可以是51％、55％、60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％或99％等。或，沿第一方向，第二边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第四边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率等于零时，第一边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第三边缘焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于50％且小于100％。例如，重叠率可以是51％、55％、60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％或99％等。
此时，可以在降低太阳能电池的第一表面和第二表面上的第一焊接结构和第二焊接结构出现焊接应力集中的概率的情况下，避免第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构分布比较集中，或者避免第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构分布比较集中，以确保电流收集的均匀性。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图1，第一焊接结构20还包括位于第一边缘焊接结构21和第二边缘焊接结构22之间的第一中间焊接结构23。示例性的，第一中间焊接结构23的数量大于或等于5且小于或等于9。例如，可以是5、6、7、8或9等。进一步地，当第一焊接结构20包括多个第一中间焊接结构23时，多个第一中间焊接结构23可以等间距排列也可以不等间距排列。
第一中间焊接结构的高度等于第一边缘焊接结构的高度，第一边缘焊接结构的高度等于第二边缘焊接结构的高度。
此时，可以确保导电连接件与第一边缘焊接结构、第二边缘焊接结构和第一中间焊接结构均紧固连接，以确保太阳能电池的质量。进一步地，还可以避免因第一中间焊接结构的高度相比于第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构高，导致导电连接件被垫高的情况出现，从而避免太阳能电池隐裂或碎片的情况发生。
进一步地，第一中间焊接结构的横截面积小于第一边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第一边缘焊接结构的横截面积等于第二边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第一中间焊接结构的横截面、第一边缘焊接结构的横截面以及第二边缘焊接结构的横截面均平行于电池片主体。
此时，可以减小第一中间焊接结构对电池片主体的遮挡面积，以提高太阳能电池对光的利用，从而提高太阳能电池的电池效率。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图2，第二焊接结构30还包括位于第三边缘焊接结构31和第四边缘焊接结构32之间的第二中间焊接结构33。示例性的，第二中间焊接结构33的数量大于或等于5且小于或等于9。例如，可以是5、6、7、8或9等。上述第一中间焊接结构23的数量与第二中间焊接结构33的数量可以相等也可以不相等。进一步地，当第二焊接结构30包括多个第二中间焊接结构33时，多个第二中间焊接结构33可以等间距排列也可以不等间距排列。
第二中间焊接结构的高度等于第三边缘焊接结构的高度，第三边缘焊接结构的高度等于第四边缘焊接结构的高度。
此时，可以确保导电连接件与第三边缘焊接结构、第四缘焊接结构和第二中间焊接结构均紧固连接，以确保太阳能电池的质量。进一步地，还可以避免因第二中间焊接结构的高度相比于第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构高，导致导电连接件被垫高的情况出现，从而避免太阳能电池隐裂或碎片的情况发生。
进一步地，第二中间焊接结构的横截面积小于第三边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第三边缘焊接结构的横截面积等于第四边缘焊接结构的横截面积，第二中间焊接结构的横截面、第三边缘焊接结构的横截面以及第四边缘焊接结构的横截面均平行于电池片主体。
此时，可以减小第二中间焊接结构对电池片主体的遮挡面积，以提高太阳能电池对光的利用，从而提高太阳能电池的电池效率。
下面以两种可能的情况为例描述第一中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与第二中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影的重叠关系。
示例一：上述第一焊接结构包括至少两个第一中间焊接结构，一半数量的第一中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与第二中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影不重叠。
此时在实际焊接过程中，可以进一步降低太阳能电池的第一表面和第二表面上的第一焊接结构和第二焊接结构出现焊接应力集中的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的焊接可靠性。
示例二：所有第一中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影与对应的第二中间焊接结构在电池片主体上的正投影均错位。
在一种可选方式中，上述第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线之间的距离差小于0.5毫米；例如，距离差可以是0.49毫米、0.45毫米、0.43毫米、0.38毫米、0.35毫米、0.2毫米或0.1毫米等。或，第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线穿过第一中间焊接结构中的一个。或，第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线穿过第二中间焊接结构中的一个。
采用上述技术方案的情况下，可以在降低电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率的同时，保持第一中间焊接结构或第二中间焊接结构的合理位置，保证导电连接件连接的强度和效果。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种太阳能组件。该太阳能组件包括电池串，电池串包括多个导电连接件和多个间隔排布的如上述技术方案所述的太阳能电池，导电连接件将多个太阳能电池串联。
本申请实施例提供的太阳能组件的有益效果与上述技术方案所述太阳能电池的有益效果相同，此处不做赘述。
上述导电连接件可以是焊带，也可以是其他用于连接太阳能电池的连接件。当导电连接件为焊带时，上述焊带可以是截面为圆形、三角形或长方形的焊带。优选地，采用截面为圆形的焊带。此时可以应对太阳能电池连接处的机械应力，消除高密度太阳能组件的隐裂问题，提升太阳能组件的可靠性。
作为一种可能的实现方式，参见图1至图4，多个间隔排布的太阳能电池包括相邻的第一太阳能电池5和第二太阳能电池6，导电连接件4包括位于第一太阳能电池5的第一表面10上的第一连接段40，位于第二太阳能电池6的第二表面11上的第二连接段41，以及第三连接段42。第一连接段40具有第一端部段43和第二端部段44，第一端部段43与第一太阳能电池5的第一边缘焊接结构21焊接，第二端部段44与第一太阳能电池5的第二边缘焊接结构22焊接。第二连接段41包括第三端部段45和第四端部段46，第三端部段45与第二太阳能电池6的第三边缘焊接结构31焊接，第四端部段46与第二太阳能电池6的第四边缘焊接结构32焊接，第二端部段44和第三端部段45通过第三连接段42连接。
太阳能电池在成串焊接时，焊带后期冷却时会有收缩应力，由于焊带与太阳能电池的第一焊接结构20和第二焊接结构30焊接，该收缩应力会对太阳能电池的第一焊接结构20和第二焊接结构30产生不期望的拉力，特别是双面太阳能电池。由于双面太阳能电池的相对两个表面均具有电极结构，并与焊带焊接，往往更容易产生电池片主体1的弯曲或者由于对电池片主体1的拉力分布不均而产生严重的第一焊接结构20和第二焊接结构30损坏。
示例性的，实际焊接后，由于焊带在相邻两个太阳能电池之间的位置具有比较大的可移动空间(例如图4中的B区域)，因此焊带在冷却时能够很好的释放掉收缩应力。但是，在电池片主体1的第一表面10，位于第一边缘焊接结构21和第二边缘焊接结构22之间的焊带部分没有足够的收缩应力释放空间，且焊带与第一边缘焊接结构21和第二边缘焊接结构22固定焊接，不可移动。第一边缘焊接结构21和第二边缘焊接结构22均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第一拉力F1)，第一拉力较大且没有反方向的拉力平衡。第一拉力的拉力中心可以简单理解为第一边缘焊接结构21和第二边缘焊接结构22的中心位置。
同理，在电池片主体1的第二表面11，位于第三边缘焊接结构31和第四边缘焊接结构32之间的焊带部分没有足够的收缩应力释放空间，且焊带与第三边缘焊接结构31和第四边缘焊接结构32固定焊接，不可移动。第三边缘焊接结构31和第四边缘焊接结构32均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第二拉力F2)，第二拉力较大且没有反方向的拉力平衡。第二拉力的拉力中心可以简单理解为第三边缘焊接结构31和第四边缘焊接结构32的中心位置。
现有技术中四个边缘焊接结构设置的位置并不能使第二拉力平衡第一拉力对第一表面产生的影响，此时会导致电池片主体翘曲。
结合前文描述可知，由于第一边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离小于第三边缘焊接结构与第一边缘之间的距离，第二边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离小于第四边缘焊接结构与第二边缘之间的距离。由此可知，实际焊接后，在电池片主体的第一表面，第一边缘焊接结构和第二边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第一拉力)。在电池片主体的第二表面，第三边缘焊接结构和第四边缘焊接结构均受到朝向电池片主体内部方向的拉力(为了后续便于描述，简称为第二拉力)。采用上述技术方案的情况下，能够保证第一边缘焊接结构21与第二边缘焊接结构22连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构31与第四边缘焊接结构32连线的中垂线接近，且位于电池片中间区域。此时，第一拉力F1和第二拉力F2可以基本相互抵消或相互抵消，以基本平衡或平衡焊带拉力在第一表面和第二表面上产生的影响，从而使第一表面的焊带(即导电连接件)收缩对电池片主体的影响和第二表面的焊带收缩对电池片主体的影响尽可能达成平衡，进而降低或消除电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂的概率，以确保最终获得的太阳能组件的质量。
作为一种可能的实现方式，当第一边缘焊接结构21与第二边缘焊接结构22连线的中垂线和第三边缘焊接结构31与第四边缘焊接结构32连线的中垂线无限接近或重合时，第一拉力F1和第二拉力F2可以几乎完全抵消，能够更好地防止电池片主体弯曲甚至隐裂。
在上述实施方式的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池包括电池片主体，所述电池片主体包括相对的第一表面和第二表面，以及分别形成在所述第一表面和第二表面上的第一电极结构和第二电极结构；沿第一方向，所述电池片主体包括相对的第一边缘和第二边缘；
    所述第一电极结构包括沿所述第一方向间隔分布的至少两个第一焊接结构；
    所述第二电极结构包括沿所述第一方向间隔分布的至少两个第二焊接结构；
    所述第一焊接结构包括：靠近所述第一边缘的第一边缘焊接结构，以及靠近所述第二边缘的第二边缘焊接结构；
    所述第二焊接结构包括：靠近所述第一边缘的第三边缘焊接结构，以及靠近所述第二边缘的第四边缘焊接结构；
    所述第一边缘焊接结构与所述第一边缘之间的距离小于所述第三边缘焊接结构与所述第一边缘之间的距离；
    所述第二边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘之间的距离小于所述第四边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘之间的距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第一边缘焊接结构与所述第一边缘之间的距离和所述第三边缘焊接结构与所述第一边缘之间的距离的差值等于，所述第二边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘之间的距离和所述第四边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘之间的距离的差值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第一边缘焊接结构与所述第一边缘之间的距离大于或等于4.5mm，且小于或等于8.5mm；
    所述第二边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘之间的距离大于或等于5.5mm，且小于或等于9.5mm；
    所述第三边缘焊接结构与所述第一边缘之间的距离大于或等于5mm，且小于或等于9mm；
    所述第四边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘之间的距离大于或等于6.5mm，且小于或等于10.5mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述第一边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影，与对应的所述第三边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于或等于0且小于70％；
    沿所述第一方向，所述第二边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影，与对应的所述第四边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于或等于0且小于70％。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述第一边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第三边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率，和所述第二边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第四边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率相等或不相等。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，沿所述第一方向，所述第一边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第三边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率等于零时，所述第二边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第四边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于50％且小于100％；或，
    沿所述第一方向，所述第二边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第四边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率等于零时，所述第一边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第三边缘焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影的重叠率大于50％且小于100％。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第一焊接结构还包括位于所述第一边缘焊接结构和所述第二边缘焊接结构之间的第一中间焊接结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第一中间焊接结构的高度等于所述第一边缘焊接结构的高度；所述第一边缘焊接结构的高度等于所述第二边缘焊接结构的高度；
    所述第一中间焊接结构的横截面积小于所述第一边缘焊接结构的横截面积；
    所述第一边缘焊接结构的横截面积等于所述第二边缘焊接结构的横截面积；
    所述第一中间焊接结构的横截面、所述第一边缘焊接结构的横截面以及所述第二边缘焊接结构的横截面均平行于所述电池片主体。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第二焊接结构还包括位于所述第三边缘焊接结构和所述第四边缘焊接结构之间的第二中间焊接结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第二中间焊接结构的高度等于所述第三边缘焊接结构的高度；所述第三边缘焊接结构的高度等于所述第四边缘焊接结构的高度；
    所述第二中间焊接结构的横截面积小于所述第三边缘焊接结构的横截面积；
    所述第三边缘焊接结构的横截面积等于所述第四边缘焊接结构的横截面积；
    所述第二中间焊接结构的横截面、所述第三边缘焊接结构的横截面以及所述第四边缘焊接结构的横截面均平行于所述电池片主体。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第一焊接结构包括至少两个所述第一中间焊接结构；
    一半数量的所述第一中间焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与所述第二中间焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影不重叠。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所有所述第一中间焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影与对应的所述第二中间焊接结构在所述电池片主体上的正投影均错位。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的太阳能电池，其特征在于，所述第一边缘焊接结构与所述第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线和所述第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线之间的距离差小于0.5毫米；或，
    所述第一边缘焊接结构与第二边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线穿过所述第一中间焊接结构中的一个；或，
    所述第三边缘焊接结构与第四边缘焊接结构连线的中垂线穿过所述第二中间焊接结构中的一个。
  14. 一种太阳能组件，其特征在于，所述太阳能组件包括电池串；所述电池串包括多个导电连接件和多个间隔排布的如权利要求1至13任一项所述的太阳能电池，所述导电连接件将多个所述太阳能电池串联。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的太阳能组件，其特征在于，多个间隔排布的所述太阳能电池包括相邻的第一太阳能电池和第二太阳能电池；所述导电连接件包括位于所述第一太阳能电池的所述第一表面上的第一连接段，位于所述第二太阳能电池的所述第二表面上的第二连接段，以及第三连接段；
    所述第一连接段具有第一端部段和第二端部段，所述第一端部段与所述第一太阳能电池的第一边缘焊接结构焊接，所述第二端部段与所述第一太阳能电池的第二边缘焊接结构焊接；所述第二连接段包括第三端部段和第四端部段，所述第三端部段与所述第二太阳能电池的第三边缘焊接结构焊接，所述第四端部段与所述第二太阳能电池的第四边缘焊接结构焊接；所述第二端部段和第三端部段通过所述第三连接段连接。
PCT/CN2025/079298 2024-04-30 2025-02-26 一种太阳能电池和太阳能组件 Pending WO2025227906A1 (zh)

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