AP761A

AP761A - Phosphinate based inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases.

Info

Publication number: AP761A
Application number: APAP/P/1997/001043A
Authority: AP
Inventors: Lawrence Alan Reiter
Original assignee: Pfizer
Priority date: 1996-07-18
Filing date: 1997-07-17
Publication date: 1999-09-13
Also published as: ID19443A; PL331254A1; SK3799A3; CN1225639A; TNSN97122A1; HUP9903014A3; BG103111A; PT923585E; EP0923585B1; KR20000067904A; HN1997000099A; ZA976330B; BR9710381A; GT199700085A; CA2260898C; US6147061A; YU1899A; DK0923585T3; CO4890852A1; EP0923585A1

Abstract

A compound of the formula wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and Ar are as defined above, useful in the treatment of a condition selected from the group consisting of arthritis, cancer, synergy with cytotoxic anticancer agents, tissue ulceration, macular degeneration, restenosis, periodontal disease, epidermolysis bullosa, scleritis, in combination with standard NSAID'S and analgesics and other diseases characterized by matrix metalloproteinase activity, AIDS, sepsis, septic shock and other diseases involving the production of TNF. In addition, the compounds of the present invention may be used in combination therapy with standard non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID'S) and analgesics, and in combination with cytotoxic drugs such as adriamycin, daunomycin, cis-platinim, etoposide, taxol, taxotere and other alkaloids, such as vincristine, in the treatment of cancer.

Description

Summary of the Invention

The present invention relates to a compound of the formula

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein

Ar is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl,. thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazoSyl or imidazolyl;

R¹ and R¹⁶are each independently hydrogen, (C,-C₆)alkyl, (trifluoromethyl)₂(C,CJalkyl, perfluoro(C₁-C₆)alkyl, perfluoro(C₁-C₆)alkyi(C₁-C₆)alkyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, (C₃-C₇)cycloalkyl(C₁-C₆)alkyl, {C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkyl. (C₆CJaryioxy^-CJalkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C,-C₆)alkoxy(C₁-C₆)alkyl;

R² is (C^CJalkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy, amino, halo, (C^CJalkyl, (C,-C_e)alkoxy, (trifluoromethyl)₂(C₁-C₆)alkyl, perfluoro(C,CJalkyl, perfluoro(C₁-C_g)alkyl(C₁-C₆)alkyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, carboxy or carboxamoyl;

R³ is (C_rC₆)alkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl;

R⁴ is hydrogen, (Ο,-CJalkyl, (C_rC₆)alkoxy, (C₃-C₇)cycloalkyi(C₁-C₆)alkyl, (C_r

CJalkylsulfonyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryloxy, (C₆-C_w)arylsulfonyl, (Ce-C^aryKC,CJalkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl (C,-C₆)alkoxy, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C_B)alkylsulfonyl, N-phthalimido, (C₆C₁₀)arylNHCO, (C₆-C₁₀)arylNHSO₂, R⁷OOC, R⁷R⁸NCO, R⁷R⁸NSO2 wherein R⁷ and R⁸are each independently hydrogen, (C,-C6)alkyl or (Cg-C^Jaryl^-CJalkyl; (C^CJalkyl

CR⁹R^w, (C6-C10)aryl CR⁹R¹⁰, (C6-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkylCR⁹R¹⁰ wherein R⁹ and R¹⁰ are each independently fluoro, (C^CJalkyl or (C,-C₆)alkoxy;

or R⁹ and R¹⁰ may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a group of the formula

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

(CH₂)_c wherein a is Ο, 1 or 2; b is 0 or 1; c is 1, 2, or 3; d is 0 or 1; and e is 0, 1 or 2;

R⁵ and R⁶ are each independently hydrogen, (C,-C₆)alkyl, (C^CJalkoxy, halo, (trifluoromethylk^-CJalky!, perfluoro(C_rC₆)alkyl, perfluoro^-CJalkyKC^CJalkyl, difluoromethoxy, trifiuoromethoxy, (C^CJalkylthio, (C,-C₆)alkylsulfinyl or (C,CJalkylsulfonyl;

or R¹ and R¹⁶ may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a (C₃-C₇)cycloalkyl group optionally substituted by (C_rC₆)alkyl, (C,-C₆)alkoxy. (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C,-C_e)alkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryloxy;

or R⁵ and R⁶, when attached to adjacent carbon positions, may be taken together to form a group of the formula (R¹¹)

wherein the broken lines represent optional double bonds; h is 1 or 2;

f and g are each independently 0, 1 or 2;

Y and Z are each independently CH₂, O, CO, SO₂, CH₂CH₂, CH₂O, CH₂S,

CH₂NH, CH₂CO, CH₂SO₂, NHCO or NHSO₂; and

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

-4R¹¹ is hydrogen, halo, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, (C^-C^alkoxy, (trifluoromethyl^C^-CgJalkyl, perfluoro(C,-C₆)alkyl, perfluoro(C₁-C₆)alkyl(C₁-C₆)alkyl, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethoxy;

with the proviso that when either a or e is 0, the other must be 1;

with the proviso that when b and d are 1, the sum of a, c and e cannot be 5, 6 or 7;

with the proviso that when b and d are 0, the sum of a, c and e cannot be 7; with the proviso that the methyene carbon attached to the Rhosphorus atom must be attached to a carbon atom of the Ar ring; and 10 with the proviso that R⁵ and R⁶ must be attached to carbon atoms of the Ar ring.

The term alkyl, as used herein, unless otherwise indicated, includes saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having straight, branched or cyclic moieties or combinations thereof.

The term alkoxy, as used herein, includes O-alkyl groups wherein alkyl is 15 defined above.

t _

The term aryl, as used herein, unless otherwise'indicated, includes an organic radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon by removal of one hydrogen, such as phenyl or naphthyl, optionally substituted by 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of fluoro, chloro, trifluoromethyl, (C^CgJalkoxy, (C₆-C₁₀)aryloxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy and (C,-C₆)alkyl.

The compound of formula I may have chiral centers and therefore exist in different enantiomeric forms. This invention relates to all optical isomers and stereoisomers of the compounds of formula I and mixtures thereof.

Preferred compounds of formula 1 include those wherein Ar is phenyl or thienyl. 25 Other preferred compounds of formula I include those wherein R¹ is 2methylpropyl, trifluoromethylethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, phenoxybutyl, cyclohexylmethyl, or phenylethyl.

Other preferred compounds of formula I include those wherein R² is (C^Cgjalkyl or 4-methoxybenzyl.

-Other preferred compounds of formula I include those wherein R³ is methyl.

Other preferred compounds of formula I include those wherein R⁴ is benzyl, 2chlorobenzyl, 2-fluorobenzyl, 3-fluoro benzyl or 4-fluorobenzyl.

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-5More preferred compounds of formula I include those wherein Ar is phenyl or thienyl; R¹ is 2-methylpropyl, trifluoromethylethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, phenoxybutyl, cyclohexylmethyi or phenylethyl; R² is (C,-C_s)alkyl or 4-methoxybenzyl; R³ is methyl and R⁴ is benzyl, 2-chlorobenzyl, 2-fluorobenzyl, 3-fluorobenzyl or 45 fluorobenzyl.

Specific preferred compounds of formula I include the following:

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methyIcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-5,5,510 trifluoropentyl]-phosphinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propyicarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-[4-(3fluorobenzyl)-benzyl]-phosphinic acid;

Benzyl-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethylcarbamoyl]-6-phenoxyhexyl}-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethylcarbamoyl]-6phenoxyhexylj-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-[3-cyclohexyl-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoylethylcarbamoy!]-propy!}-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-[3-cyclohexyl-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl20 propylcarbamoyl)-propyi]-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-phenylbutyl]-phosphinic acid;

(4-CycIohexylmethylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1 -methylcarbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methyl-pentyl]-phosphinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethy 1-1 -methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-(4isobutytbenzyl)-phosphinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methyipenty!]-[4-(4fluoro-benzyl)-benzyl]-phosphinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-[4-(230 fluoro-t?enzyl)-benzyl]phophinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethylcarbamoyi]-4methyl-pentylj-phosphinic acid;

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-β[4-(2-Chlorobenzyl)benzyl]-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1 -methylcarbamoyl-1 propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]phosphinic acid;

(5-Benzyl-py rid in-2-y I methy 1)-(2-(2,2-di methyl-1 -methylcarbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methyl-pentyl]phosphinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-5,5,5-trifluoro-pentyl]-[4(2-fluoro-benzyl)-benzyl]phosphinic acid;

[3-Cyclopropyl-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methyfcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-propyl]-[4(2-fluoro-benzyl)-benzyI]phosphinic acid;

[3-Cyclobutyl-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propyicarbamoyl)-propyl]-[410 (2-fluoro-benzyl)-benzyl]-phosphinic acid; and (5-Be nzyl-thi ophen-2-ylmethy 1)-(2-( 2,2-dimethy 1-1-methy lea rbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-phosphinic acid.

The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for (a) the treatment of a condition selected from the group consisting of arthritis, cancer, synergy with cytotoxic anticancer agents, tissue ulceration, macular degeneration, restenosis, periodontal disease·, epidermolysis builosa, scleritis, in combination with standard NSAID’S and analgesics and other diseases characterized by matrix metalloproteinase activity, AIDS, sepsis, septic shock and other diseases involving the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or(b) the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases or the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a mammal, including a human, comprising an amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof effective in such treatments and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The present invention also relates to a method for the inhibition of (a) matrix metalloproteinases or (b) the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a mammal, including a human, comprising administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The present invention also relates to a method for treating a condition selected from the group consisting of arthritis, cancer, synergy with cytotoxic anticancer agents, tissue ulceration, macular degeneration, restenosis, periodontal disease, epidermolysis bullosa, scleritis, in combination with standard NSAID’S and analgesics and other diseases characterized by matrix metalloproteinase activity, AIDS, sepsis, septic shock and other diseases involving the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a mammal, including a human, comprising administering to said mammal an amount of

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP . 0 0 7 6 1

-7a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof effective in treating such a condition.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The following reaction Schemes illustrate the preparation of the compounds of 5 the present invention. Unless otherwise indicated R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶ and Ar in the reaction Schemes and the discussion that follow are defined as above.

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP .00761

-8SCHEME 1

VI

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

III

AP.00761

-9SCHEME 1 (continued)

III

I £ i 0 I 0 / L 6 /d/dV

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

-10SCHEME 2

VIII

AP/P/ 97/01043

IV

AP.00761

-11In reaction 1 of Scheme 1., the compound of formula VI is converted to the corresponding (2-benzyloxycarbonyl)phosphinic acid compound of formula V by reacting VI with bis-trimethylsily!phosphonite in an aprotic solvent, such as methylene chloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature fora time period between about 8 hours to about 48 hours, preferably about 18 hours.

In reaction 2 of Scheme 1, the compound of formula V is converted to the corresponding compound of formula IV by reacting V with an arylmethylhalide of the formula

and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide in an inert aprotic solvent, such a methylene chloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature or heated to reflux for a time period between about 18 hours to about 72 hours, preferably about 24 hours. An t

excess of trimethylsilyldiazomethane in a 7:3 ratio mixture of toluene and methanol is then added to the crude reaction product so formed for a time period between about 15 minutes to about 2 hours, preferably about 30 minutes.

In reaction 3 of Scheme 1., the compound of formula IV is converted to the

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3 corresponding compound of formula ill by (1) hydrogenating IV in the presence of a catalyst, such 5% palladium on barium sulfate, and a protic solvent, such as methanol, under a pressure between about 30 psi to about 60 psi, preferably about 45 psi, for a time period between about 15 minutes to about 3 hours, preferably about 1 hour, (2) reacting the intermediate so formed with hydroxysuccinimide and 2-diethylaminoethyl propyl carbodiimide hydrochloride in a polar aprotic solvent, such as dimethylformamide, at room temperature, for a time period between about 8 hours to about 48 hours, preferably about 20 hours, and (3) reacting the 2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl intermediate so formed with an amine of the formula

AP.00761

NHR

In an aprotic solvent, such as methylene chloride, at room temperature, for a time period between about 16 hours to about 48 hours, preferably about 18 hours.

In reaction 4 of Scheme 1., the compound of formula III is converted to the corresponding compound of formula I by treating 111 with 10% aqueous trifiuoroacetic acid. The reaction mixture is stirred, at room temperature, for a time period between about 30 minutes to about 24 hours, preferably about 2 hours.

Scheme 2 presents an alternative method for preparing a compound of formula IV.

In reaction 1 of Scheme 2, the compound of formula V is converted to the corresponding compound of formula VIII by reacting V with 2-(trimethylsilyl) ethoxymethyl chloride and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide in an inert aprotic solvent, such as methylene chloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at a temperature between about 20°C to about 40°C, preferably about 25°C, for a time period between about 8 hours to about 48 hours, preferably about 18 hours. An excess of trimethylsilyldiazomethane in a 7:3 ratio mixture of toluene and methanol is then added to the crude reaction product so formed for a time period between about 15 minutes to about 2 hours, preferably about 30 minutes.

In reaction 2 of Scheme 2, the compound of formula VIII is converted to the corresponding compound of formula VII by reacting VIII with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate in a inert aprotic solvent, such as methylene chloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at a temperature between about 0°C to about 40°C, preferably about 25°C, for a time period between about 1 hour to about 8 hours, preferably about 3 hours..

In reaction 3 of Scheme 2, the compound of formula VII is converted to the corresponding compound of formula VI by reacting VII with carbon tetrabromide in the presence of triphenylphosphine and diethyl azodicarboxylate in an inert aprotic solvent, such as methylene chloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at a temperature between

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761 about 0°C to about 40°C, preferably about 25°C, for a time period between about 2 hours to about 24 hours, preferably about 4 hours.

In reaction 4 of Scheme 2, the compound of formula VI is converted to the corresponding compound of formula IV by reacting VI with an arylhalide of the formula

-13R⁶

R⁵R⁴'

l/ fir- X wherein X is bromo or iodo, in the presence of n-butyl lithium and copper (1) iodide in an inert aprotic solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran. The reaction mixture is stirred at a temperature between about -70°C to about 60°C, preferably about 0°C, for a time period between about 1 hour to about 48 hours, preferably about 18 hours.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the acidic compounds of the invention are salts formed with bases, namely cationic salts such as alkali and alkaline earth metal salts, such as sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, as well as ammonium salts, such as ammonium, trimethyl-ammonium, diethylammonium, and tris(hydroxymethyl)-methylammonium salts.

Similarly acid addition salts, such as of mineral acids, organic carboxylic and organic sulfonic acids e.g. hydrochloric acid, methanesulfonic acid, maleic acid, are also possible provided a basic group, such as pyridyl, constitutes part of the structure.

The ability of the compounds of formula I or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts (hereinafter also referred to as the compounds of the present invention) to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases or the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and, consequently, demonstrate their effectiveness for treating diseases characterized by matrix metalloproteinase or the production of tumor necrosis factor is shown by the following in vitro assay tests.

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-14Bioloqical Assay

Inhibition of Human Collagenase (MMP-1)

Human recombinant collagenase is activated with trypsin using the following ratio: 10 pg trypsin per 100 pg of collagenase. The trypsin and collagenase are incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes then a five fold excess (50 pg/10 pg trypsin) of soybean trypsin inhibitor is added.

mM stock solutions of inhibitors are made up in dimethyl sulfoxide and then diluted using the following Scheme:

mM-> 120 pM-> 12 pM-> 1.2 pM-> 0.12 pM

Twenty-five microliters of each concentration is then added in triplicate to appropriate wells of a 96 well microfluor plate. The final concentration of inhibitor will be a 1:4 dilution after addition of enzyme and substrate. Positive controls (enzyme, no inhibitor) are set up in wells D1-D6 and blanks (no enzyme, no inhibitors) are set in wells D7-D12.

Collagenase is diluted to 400 ng/mi and 25 pi is then added to appropriate wells of the microfluor plate. Final concentration of collagenase in the assay is 100 ng/ml.

Substrate (DNP-Pro-Cha-Gly-Cys(Me)-His-Ala-Lys(NMA)-NH₂) is made as a 5 mM stock in dimethyl sulfoxide and then diluted to 20 pM in assay buffer. The assay is initiated by the addition of 50 pi substrate per well of the microfluor plate to give a final concentration of 10 pM.

Fluorescence readings (360 nM excitation, 460 nm emission) were taken at time 0 and then at 20 minute intervals. The assay is conducted at room temperature with a typical assay time of 3 hours.

Fluorescence vs time is then plotted for both the blank and collagenase 25 containing samples (data from triplicate determinations is averaged). A time point that provides a good signal (the blank) and that is on a linear part of the curve (usually around 120 minutes) is chosen to determine IC_M values. The zero time is used as a blank for each compound at each concentration and these values are subtracted from the 120 minute data. Data is plotted as inhibitor concentration vs % control (inhibitor fluorescence divided by fluorescence of collagenase alone x 100). IC₅₀’s are determined from the concentration of inhibitor that gives a signal that is 50% of the control.

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761

-15If ICjq’s are reported to be <0.03 μΜ then the inhibitors are assayed at concentrations of 0.3 μΜ, 0.03 μΜ, 0.03 μΜ and 0.003 μΜ.

Inhibition of Gelatinase (MMP-2)

Inhibition of gelatinase activity is assayed using the Dnp-Pro-Cha-Gly-Cys(Me)5 His-Ala-Lys(NMA)-NH₂ substrate (10 μΜ) under the same conditions as inhibition of human collagenase (MMP-1).

72kD gelatinase is activated with 1 mM ΑΡΜΑ (p-aminophenyl mercuric acetate) for 15 hours at 4°C and is diluted to give a final concentration in the assay of 100 ng/ml. Inhibitors are diluted as for inhibition of human collagenase (MMP-1) to give final concentrations in the assay of 30 μΜ, 3 μΜ, 0.3 μΜ and 0.03 μΜ. Each concentration is done in triplicate.

Fluorescence readings (360 nm excitation, 460 emission) are taken at time zero and then at 20 minutes intervals for 4 hours.

IC₅₀’s are determined as per inhibition of human collagenase (MMP-1). If IC₅₀’s 15 are reported to be less than 0.03 μΜ, then the inhibitors are assayed at final , concentrations of 0.3 μΜ, 0.03 μΜ, 0.003 μΜ and 0.003 μΜ.

Inhibition of Stromelysin Activity (MMP-3)

Inhibition of stromelysin activity is based on a modified spectrophotometric assay described by Weingarten and Feder (Weingarten, H. and Feder, J.,

Spectrophotometric Assay for Vertebrate Collagenase, Anal. Biochem. 147, 437-440 (1985)). Hydrolysis of the thio peptolide substrate [Ac-Pro-Leu-GlySCH[CH₂CH(CH₃)₂]CO-Leu-Gly-OC₂H₅] yields a mercaptan fragment that can be monitored in the presence of Ellman's reagent.

Human recombinant prostromelysin is activated with trypsin using a ratio of 1 μ\ of a 10 mg/ml trypsin stock per 26 μg of stromelysin. The trypsin and stromelysin are incubated at 37°C for 15 minutes followed by 10 μ! of 10 mg/ml soybean trypsin inhibitor for 10 minutes at 37°C for 10 minutes at 37°C to quench trypsin activity.

Assays are conducted in a total volume of 250 μ\ of assay buffer (200 mM sodium chloride, 50 mM MES, and 10 mM calcium chloride, pH 6.0) in 96-well microliter plates. Activated stromelysin is diluted in assay buffer to 25 pg/ml. Ellman’s reagent (3-Garboxy-4-nitrophenyl disulfide) is made as a 1M stock in dimethyl formamide and diluted to 5 mM in assay buffer with 50 μΙ per well yielding at 1 mM final concentration.

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-1610 mM stock solutions of inhibitors are made in dimethyl sulfoxide and diluted serially in assay buffer such that addition of 50 pL to the appropriate wells yields final concentrations of 3 pM, 0.3 pM, 0.003 pM, and 0.0003 pM. All conditions are completed in triplicate.

A 300 mM dimethyl sulfoxide stock solution of the peptide substrate is diluted to 15 mM in assay buffer and the assay is initiated by addition of 50 pi to each well to give a final concentration of 3 mM substrate. Blanks consist of the peptide substrate and Ellman’s reagent without the enzyme. Product formation was monitored at 405 nm with a Molecular Devices UVmax plate reader.

IC₅₀ values were determined in the same manner as for collagenase.

Inhibition of MMP-13

Human recombinant MMP-13 is activated with 2mM ΑΡΜΑ (p-aminophenyl mercuric acetate) for 1.5 hours, at 37°C and is diluted to 400 ng/ml in assay buffer (50 mM Tris, pH 7.5, 200 mM sodium chloride, 5mM calcium chloride, 20pM zinc chloride,

0.02% brij). Twenty-five microiiters of diluted enzyme is added per well of a 96 well c

microfluor plate. The enzyme is then diluted in a 1:4 ratio in the assay by the addition of inhibitor and substrate to give a final concentration in the assay of 100 ng/mi.

mM stock solutions of inhibitors are made up in dimethyl sulfoxide and then diluted in assay buffer as per the inhibitor dilution scheme for inhibition of human collagenase (MMP-1): Twenty-Five microiiters of each concentration is added in triplicate to the microfluor plate. The Final concentrations in the assay are 30 pM, 3pM, 0.3 pM, and 0.03 pM.

Substrate (Dnp-Pro-Cha-Gly-Cys(Me)-His-Ala-Lys(NMA)-NH₂) is prepared asfor inhibition of human collagenase (MMP-1) and 50 pi is added to each well to give a final assay concentration of 10 pM. Fluorescence readings (360 nM excitation; 450 emission) are taken at time 0 and every 5 minutes for 1 hour.

Positive controls consist of enzyme and substrate with no inhibitor and blanks consist of substrate only.

IC₅₀’s are determined as per inhibition of human collagenase (MMP-1). If IC₅₀’s are reported to be less than 0.03 pM, inhibitors are then assayed at final concentrations of 0.3 pM, 0.03 pM, 0.003 pM and 0.0003 pM.

AP/PZ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

17Inhibition of TNF Production

The ability of the compounds or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof to inhibit the production of TNF and, consequently, demonstrate their effectiveness for treating diseases involving the production of TNF is shown by the following in vitro assay:

Human mononuclear cells were isolated from anti-coagulated human blood using a one-step Ficoll-hypaque separation technique. (2) The mononuclear cells were washed three times in Hanks balanced salt solution (HBSS) with divalent cations and resuspended to a density of 2 χ 10⁶ /ml in HBSS containing 1% BSA. Differential counts determined using the Abbott Cell Dyn 3500 analyzer indicated that monocytes ranged from 17 to 24% of the total cells in these preparations.

180//1 of the cell suspension was aliquoted into flate bottom 96 well plates (Costar). Additions of compounds and LPS (100ng/ml final concentration) gave a final volume of 200//I. All conditions were performed in triplicate. After a four hour incubation at 37°C in an humidified CO₂ incubator, plates were removed and r

centrifuged (10 minutes at approximately 250 x g) and the supernatants removed and assayed for TNFa using the R&D ELISA Kit.

For administration to mammals, including humans, for the inhibition of matrix metalioproteinases or the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a variety of conventional routes may be used including orally, parenterally and topically. In general, the active compound will be administered orally or parenterally at dosages between about 0.1 and 25 mg/kg body weight of the subject to be treated per day, preferably from about 0.3 to 5 mg/kg. However, some variation in dosage will necessarily occur depending on the condition of the subject being treated. The person responsible for administration will, in any event, determine the appropriate dose for the individual subject.

The compounds of the present invention can be administered in a wide variety of different dosage forms. In general, the therapeutically effective compounds of this invention are present in such dosage forms at concentration levels ranging from about

5.0% to about 70% by weight.

For oral administration, tablets containing various excipients such as microcrystalline cellulose, sodium citrate, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate and glycine may be employed along with various disintegrants such as starch (and

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

-18preferably com, potato or tapioca starch), alginic acid and certain complex silicates, togetherwith granulation binders like polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelation and acacia. Additionally, lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc are often very useful for tabletting purposes. Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in gelatin capsules; preferred materials in this connection also include lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols. When aqueous suspensions and/or elixirs are desired for oral administration, the active ingredient may be combined with various sweetening or flavoring agents, coloring matter or dyes, and, if so desired, emulsifying and/or suspending agents as well, together with such diluents as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin and various like combinations thereof. In the case of animals, they are advantageously contained in an animal feed or drinking water in a concentration of 55000 ppm, preferably 25 to 500 ppm.

For parenteral administration, e.g., for intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous use, a sterile injectable solution of the active ingredient is usually prepared. Solutions of a therapeutic compound of the present invention in either sesame or peanut oil or in aqueous propylene glycol may be employed. The aqueous solutions should be suitably adjusted and buffered, preferably at a pH of greater than 8, if necessary and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic. These aqueous solutions are suitable for intravenous injection purposes. The oily solutions are suitable for intraarticular, intramuscular and subcutaneous injection purposes. The preparation of all these solutions under sterile conditions is readily accomplished by standard pharmaceutical techniques well known to those skilled in the art. In the case of animals, compounds can be administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously at dosage levels of about 0.1 to 50 mg/kg/day, advantageously 0.2 to 10 mg/kg/day given in a single dose or up to 3 divided doses.

The present invention is illustrated by the following examples, but it is not limited to the details thereof.

Example 1 . S,S and R,S (4-Benzvlbenzvl)f2-(2,2-dimethvl-1-methylcarbamovl propvlcarbamovl)-4-methylpentvllphosphinic acid

Step A: 4-Benzoylbenzyl bromide (2.75 grams, 10.0 mmole) and triethylsilane (2.33 grams, 20 mmole) in trifluoroacetic acid (4.55 grams, 40 mmole)

AP/F/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761

-19were warmed to 60°C for 18 hours. The cooled mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mi) and carefully washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 50 ml). After drying with magnesium sulfate, the extract was filtered and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed (0.5:99.5 to 2:98 - ethyl acetate:hexane) to give 1.37 grams (52%) of 4-benzylbenzyl bromide as a colorless oil.

Step B: (2-BenzyloxycarbonyM -methylpentyl)phosphinic acid (1.14 grams, 4.0 mmole), 4-benzylbenzyl bromide (1.31 grams, 5.0 mmole) and N,O-bis(trimethylsiiy!) acetamide (2.44 grams, 12 mmole) were combined in dry methylene chloride (40 ml); the mixture was degassed with a stream of dry nitrogen, then stirred at room temperature for 18 hours and refluxed for 24 hours. The cooled solution was quenched with 1N hydrochloric acid (25 ml). The methylene chloride layer was separated and washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (2 x 25 ml), dried with magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to a turbid oil. This was dissolved in methanol (10 ml) / toluene (40 ml) and treated with excess trimethylsilyldiazomethane (commercial hexane solution). After 30 minutes the excess trimethylsilyldiazo-methane was destroyed with acetic acid. The solution was concentrated to an oil which was chromatographed (75:25 - ethyl acetate;hexane) to give 1.18 grams (62%) of

2-[(4-benzylbenzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester as a colorless oil.

Step C: 2-[(4-Benzyl benzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]- 4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester (650 mg, 1.36 mmole) was hydrogenated at 45 psi at room temperature in methanol (50 ml) over 5% palladium on barium sulfate (650 mg) for

1 hour. The catalyst was filtered off and washed with methanol. The filtrate was concentrated and traces of methanol removed by twice diluting the sample with methylene chloride and reconcentrating. The intermediate 2-[(4-benzyl benzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid was dissolved in dry dimethylformamide (14 ml) and hydroxysuccinimide (235 mg, 2.04 mmole) and dimethylaminopropylethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (391 mg, 2.04 mmol) added. After stirring at room temperature for 20 hours the solution was diluted with ether (50 ml) and washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (50 ml, 2 x 25 ml) and saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (25 ml) and dried with magnesium sulfate. After

AP/P/ 97/01043

AP.00761

-20filtration and concentration 566 mg (86%) of 2-[(4-Benzylbenzyl) methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4- methyl-pentanoic acid 2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl ester was obtained as an oil.

Step D: 2-[(4-Benzylbenzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4-methyipentanoic acid 2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidiri-1 -yl ester (120 mg, 0.25 mmole), (S)-2-amino-3,3,N-trimethylbutyramide hydrochloride (25 mg, 0.30 mmole) and diisopropylethylamine (39 mg, 0.30 mmole) were combined and stirred together for 18 hours at room temperature in dry methylene chloride (10 ml). Additional (S)-2-amino-3,3,N-trimethylbutyramide hydrochloride (25 mg, 0.30 mmole) and diisopropylethylamine (39 mg, 0.30 mmole) were added to the reaction mixture.

After four days the solution was washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (2x10 ml) and saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (2x10 ml) and dried with magnesium sulfate. After filtration and concentration the residue was chromatographed (3:97 rnethanokchloroform) to give 77 mg (60%) of (4-BenzylbenzyI)-[2-(2,215 dimethyl-1 -methyl carbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-phosphinic acid methyl ester.

Step E: (4-Benzylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1 -methyl carbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-phosphinic acid methyi ester (77 mg, 0.15 mmole) was dissolved in 10% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid (6 ml). After 4 hours at room temperature the reaction mixture was concentrated. Residual water was removed by twice diluting the sample with toluene and reconcentrating to give 75 mg (100%) of the title compound as a hard glass which was a 63:37 mixture of S,S and R,S isomers, respectively. Mass spectrum m/e: M⁺+1 501, M*+Na⁺ 523, M*+K* 540, M*+2Na⁺ 555. HPLC retention times: 13.00/15.90 minutes.

The compounds in Tables 1-4 were prepared by a method analogous to that described in in Example 1.

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761

Table 1 o

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

ω 2	+ * ro x z + + §22 - in s ¢/3 r- cn —1 V v	X + — LO CO CO _J in	_S1 — in CO co _i in	+ X r\| CO h_i in	+ + co X Z ..+ + 2ss — r-~ 05 co co co _i in in	+ X + CO CO in —1 co		X ... + co CO T_J co	X + co 5 I? CO CO _j m	+ - ro X Z + + «ΣΣ — ο νΟΟ in co —J V V
ω E i- φ cr	CM M 05 cd o rJ	co CD CD V LO	CM CM CO T— co CD +f	V co tJ in V co	M co 57“ δ co	in co 05 05 in 00	V 05 CD CM tn in T~	+r 05 -— co co ό T“	CD 05 in ro in •v ——	C- in CM in co δ
- cr * w	LO 5s	CM CD 05	co co pz	o LO	IO δ τΤ	h- CO m	CO IO	o in δ in	o in δ in	CD 5— IO
+Γ cc	I	IM C 05 JO	>. N c 05 jo	X	X	3A N C 05 JO	3ti N C 05 JO	S £ -s o ex cn	5». X o c 05 SC ex	>- N C 05 JO
«Ό CC	I	X	X	J >> c _ ω >s JC -C 9-0 τ—	X	X	X	X	X	X
CM CC	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
CM CC	>. N c ω JO >» X o ζ. ω Ε I V	N c 05 JO 5-. X o £ 05 E 1 tT	>. N c ω X5 5-. X o £ 05 E 1	>. N c 0) JO 5-, X o £ 05 E 1	7x N C 05 X5 5-. X o sc S E 1	>. N c 05 JO 5» X o sc Έ E 1 T	3- N C 0) XI 5-. X o JO ω E 1 •m-	*>5 N C 0) X >. X o £ φ E 1	>. N C 05 JO >. X o £ 05 E l V	>. £ 5 E
cc	ZJ -D O to	3^ o JO O tn	3 . -Ω O co	3». Έ JO o cn	Ή -Ω X o c ω _c CL	>. D JO >. X o c 05 SC CL	s 3 _Q o co	s 3 JQ O CO	s 3 _Q o (0	F. δ JO o «
X LU	to	r-	CD	05	CO	T““	CM T“ 1	CO	5“	IO

y> o

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761

ω 2	+ ♦ ro I 2 + + ti 2 2 2 - ID S CO CO CN 3 CO CO	+· * X X + + «22 - D S CO CO CN —1 CO CO	+ * ro X 2 + + CO O CM _j to uo	«1 — in CO x—i in	+ . ro X 2 + + CO 2 2 “ — X— co CO N- CD —i in m	X + CO k 2 (b in —1 N	+ ro 2 + CO CO l·—1 co	X ^2 CO CD _J in	+ - ro X 2 . . + + \|S*2 — CD x— CO xf N _j in in
φ E i- H—* Φ tr	1 ν- έο 00 V	CN cd cd δ in ro	o CD in o o co	CD in co δ o CN	t CD σ> ro Ν’ CO	ro 0 co x— CD	x— CN δ δ CD co	Γ-- CO CD V V	0 CD 0' δ CD co
- tr * w	o o co	00 δ	co co CD	CO in δ in	Tt 5 CD to	N- CO δ co	in δ Ν’	ro δ in	co in T
•e cr	>. N c ω JO	>. N C Φ JO	N C Φ _Q	X	N C Φ JO	X	££ -g 3 CL co	>» ^c £- 0 0} +-s CL CO	3x> S£ Q- w
m cr	I	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
CM cr	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
CM cr	>. N C Φ JO >. X o jz φ E 1 Tt	N c Φ JO >, X o £ Φ E 1 m·	3 JO c Φ	N c φ JO >x X o x: φ E 1 Ν’	3 JO 1 c Φ	s 3 jd 1 tr φ	>i N C Φ -Q >. X O £ φ E 1 Tt	3 JO 1 -E Φ	£ φ E
cr	£ φ E X Φ _c o .O >> o	£ φ E >, X 0) JZ o co 0-. o	S' *3 _Q O .xo	£ Φ E >. X Φ JZ o (0 >N o	£ φ E X Φ JZ o o >> Q	x: φ E X Φ -C 0 0 >% Q	x: Φ E X φ -C 0 u 0	>·.' JZ —Φ E >x X φ JZ 0 Q >» o	>x £ φ E >» X φ _C 0 u >» 0
X LU	co	h- V“	CD	CD	co CN	CN	CN CN	CO CM	NT CM

AP/P/ 9 7/01043 in

AP. Ο θ 7 61

MS	* X + + * s , CD O 7+ co Γ—O ω co	+ r . X X Z + + riri τ- CD rz cm Ο 'Τ	X z + + * CD O ++ in co ϋ Μ^-	+ <σ· X S + + + +· in co 7+ CD CD O τ	X + 4- CD ri ™ O m	X CM + ♦ o ri ⁿO m	LSIMS: 423 MW	LSIMS: 531 MW	+ ♦ ro X Z + griri — m rO CM M—1 Μ* M-
Ret. Time	2.22/3.10	10.05/11.63	6.91/10/51	16.08/17.54	14.54/15/91	' 11.59/-	15.85/17/45	13/46/16.64	11.31/13.34
R' S/R	48/52	51/49 i	62/38	50/50	50/50	100/0	50/50 I	50/50	45/55
or	X	X	X	X	X	X	isobutyl	isobutyl	isobutyl
n or	I ·	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
CM cr	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
CM or	methyl	tert-butyl	tert-butyl	tert-butyl	4-methoxybenzyl	methyl	4-methoxybenzyl	tert-butyl	methyl
or	isobutyl	isobutyl	phenethyl	trans 4-methylcyclohexylmethyl	trans 4-methyl cyclohexylmethyl	trans 4-methylcyclohexylmethyl	isobutyl	isobutyl	isobutyl
EX ·	m CM	CO CM	r^ CM	00 CM	CD CM	o co	co	CM CO	CO co

m

ΑΡ/Ρ/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761 *%··

ω 2	+ X si ω ο _i tn	si ω r_i tn	xS + + 5 5 ro o 7+ tt tn O tn in	xS + + 5 5 CO OO co 5	xS + + 4· + 5 5 h- co 7+0 0 O m in	V ^x X CM + + 5 5 . in co ϋ in in	xS + + + + 5 5 ro o ri i'- ^roΟ η n	4- X + 4- 5 n 0 in	4- X + 4- 5 ro Ο co
cd Ε ϊ- 53 χ	co V CM δ co co	co CM CM ό CM	co in r-' δ co tri	CD CO rJ δ o co	^3^- CO σ> c\i	ro co r-' δ ro v Ύ—	ro o co .— ro co co V—	CD CO CM ΤΓ co	n n T— CM δ CM δ CM
- tr * ω	00 V CM in	CO n CM V	o n δ in	00 co δ co	c- ro δ	N- δ n	co V in	r- 5; co n	r- cd in
ϊ □τ	X CD jz £ O Q) ϋ	>> X ω x: £ Ο φ o	N c CD JO	IM c CD JO	>s N C CD JO	IM c CD JO	N CZ CD JO	>s N C CD JO	(M CZ CD JO
«ο X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
ΓΜ or	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
ΓΜ or	5* *3 XI t c φ	N c CD JO >, X o C 53 E 1	*>1 3 X} 1 c Φ	>N N c CD JO >. X o p. ω E 1	>·. o ω E	3 JO 1 c ω	>. N CZ CD JO >. X o JZ 53 E 1	3 JO 1 tr φ	>. N c CD JO >. X o o 53 E 1
or	3», o JO o tn	3 _Q o w	£ Έ c Φ JZ Cl	>» sz 53 c CD JZ co.	>. JZ ω CZ CD JZ CO.	c CD £0. o tn	c CD Q. O tn	£ Φ X Φ x: o o >» o	£ φ X Φ JZ o u >> o
χ LU	v CO	m co	CD CO	N- CO	oo co	ro co	o	T-~ xr	CM O'

AP/P/ 9 7/01043 n

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

MS	♦ X + 5 2 O vr; < v O in m	* X + 2 . . CD ϋ in	X S + + 2 2 in co O in m	* X + * -i-* ,co ϋν	+ X *+ 2 O) O in	X + 2 . . CD ϋ in
Ret. Time j	13.01/15.03	12.67/15.56	8.06/11,58 I	10.13/13.15 I	12.85/15.59	12.95/15.85
R' S/R	47/53 ·· J	53/47	54/46 i	50/50 I	48/52	43/57
br	benzyl	3-fluoro- benzyl	phenyl- CO-	berizyl	4-fluoro- benzyl	2-fluoro- benzyl
n br	X	X	X	X	X	X
PM or	X	X	X	X	X	X
PM or	tert-butyl	tert-butyl	tert-butyl	tert-butyl	tert-butyl	tert-butyl
br	3,3,3- trifluoropropyl	isobutyl	isobutyl	propyl	isobutyl	isobutyl
EX	CO TJ	M-	in	CD	h-	CO

ΑΡ/Ρ/ 9 7/01043 m

AP· θ θ 7 6 1

-27Table 2 η

Ο

OT CX

MS	X + to 5 — co CO O _J co	4- + X Ώ + + ♦ 4- . . CM CO — CO CO Ο in in	♦ » CD X 2 + + — CO o CO O C5A —I CO CUT	* *ro X 2 ..+ + § 3> 2 Worn —1 CD CD
Ret. Time	9.24/10.76	15.35/16.68	11.42/13.4	09.74/11.44
	57/43 j i	48/52	49/51 ί	47/53
in oc	X	X	X	X
ΤΓ DC	benzylamino- carbonyl	methylamino- carbonyl	X	X
Π or	X	X	X	benzylamino- carbonyl
or	X	X	benzylamino- carbonyl	X
fSI or	4-methoxy- benzyl ............. .........I	4-methoxy- benzyl	4-methoxy- benzyl	4-methoxy- benzyl
or	isobutyl	isobutyl	isobutyl	isobutyl
EX _ί	cn O’	o in	T“ in	CN in

ο

ΑΡ/Ρ/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3 ιη

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

♦

4-

♦

(0

co

ro

♦

*

♦ TO

ro

2

4.

2

+

22

CO

X

X 2

2

CM

X

CM

X

CM

Σ

p

w

+ s

+ w L

ώ

+ + + *

w 2

+ + 5

+ +

CO

+ +

+ + 2

+ w

+ +

+ + 5

—

co

— ™

CM Tf

to

o

CM

CD

co

— CM

CS

CD

to

S'

tO CM

ll)

CM M-

05

ω

s-

co

(O CM

co

CD

_i m

_J

in

—1 CO

_l

CD CD

-J

co

h-

_j

in

—I CD

in

m

ω

s·

σ>

CD

o

LO

S'

CO

05

co

S'

T-

CM

S

co

o

S

Ε

CM

co

CM

to

in

S'

CM

LO

Η

3“

7“

T—

τ—

T—

CD

Φ

h-

co co

S’ co

.55/

CO co

m

02/

CO CO

cr

o

T—

o'

τ—

05

co

σ

CO

τ-

τ—

cr

co

ο

o

CO

m

Γ-

S'

o

—

co

io

m

in

m

*ςΓ

in

or

w

b*

to

o

CM

in

to

CD

o

co

s*

S'

in

XT

M-

in

T

m

o

cr

X

O

o

cr

imethylamin -carbonyl

X

snzyl(methy amino-

carbonyl

X

lenzylamino

37, c o JO u. CO o

X

enzylamino-

>, c o JO 1— co o

Ό

JO

J3

J0

o

c

>>

o

ra Στ

X

E CD >> r

arbonyl

X

yl(meth

mino- irbonyl

ethoxy

X

c £ £5 >>

rbonyl

X

φ E

o «

N C

CO ^{ιυ υ} ο

E

£ Έ5

ro o

to

Φ _Q

E

o

c

>>

ε

>>

jo

>s

ΓΜ

ro

c

05 o

c

cr

X

imethyl

o JO u ro o

ε .£ ^ε N CO c 05

carbo

X

TO

JO

1 >1

1 >-s

1 >s

I >1

t >>

1 >1

1 >»

1 >x

X

X -XT

X

«Μ.

X

_

X _

>>

o d'

o

o ??

o

>>

o

>%

o

>>

n >>

>s

ΓΜ cr

i= c

£

NJ C

£ c

JZ

N c

£

N C

£

N C

the nz

-F

N c

-Q

05 <D

Φ

05

<u ω

Φ

05

0)

Φ

05 05

φ

Π)

ert-

E -Q

E

JO

E jo

E

JO

E

JO

E

JO

E -°

E

JO

V

+r

if

M-

4

S'

s

S'

“3

5* 3

3

IE* 3

utyl

«a/ □

Έ* 3

>s □

>-< 3

Cl

JO

X)

JO

_Q

jz>

o

O

o

O

o

CO

co

to

(O

co

to

tO

to

X.

co

S'

in

co

r-

co

03

o

LLI

LO

in

ID

in

m

co

AP/P/ 9 7 Ζ 0 1 0 4 3

ID ο

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

Table 3

AP/P/ 97/0 1043

AP.00761

Table 4

m

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-31Example 65

S,S and R,S (4-BenzovlaminobenzylH2-r2-{4-methoxyphenvl)-1methvlcarbamoylethylcarbamovn -4-methylpentvQphosphinic acid.

Step A: 2-[Methoxy(4-nitrobenzyI) phosphinoylmethyI]-4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester (prepared from 4-nitrobenzyl bromide and (2-benzyloxycarbonyl-4methylpentyl)phosphinic acid by the procedure described in Example 1/Step B) (900 mg, 2.08 mmole) in a mixture of ethanol (25 ml) and water (6 ml) was treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid (3 drops) and iron powder (1.14 grams, 20 mmole) at reflux. After 2 hours the cooled mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth.

The filtrate was concentrated and the residue chromatographed (ethyl acetate) to give 444 mg (53%) of 2-[(4-Aminobenzyl) methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4methyipentanoic acid benzyl ester as a yellow oil.

Step B: 2-[(4-Aminobenzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester (230 mg, 0.57 mmole), benzoyl chloride (96 mg, 0.68 mmole), and triethylamine (69 mg, 0.58 mmole) were combined in cold (ice bath) chloroform (10 ml). After stirring for 1 hour at ice bath temperature the reaction mixture was diluted “with chloroform (150 ml) and washed with water (20 ml), 1N hydrochloric acid (2 x 20 ml) and saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 20 ml) and dried with magnesium sulfate. After filtration and concentration the yellow residue was chromatographed (ethyl acetate) to give 190 mg (66%) of 2-[(4-Benzoylaminobenzyl)methoxy phosphinoylmethyl]-4- methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester as a light yellow oil.

Step C: 2-[(4-Benzoylaminobenzyi)methoxy phosphinoylmethyl]-4methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester (226 mg, 0.44 mmole) was hydrogenated hydrogenated at 50 psi at room temperature in methanol (20 ml) over 5% palladium on carbon (300 mg) for 2 hours. The catalyst was filtered off and washed with methanol. The filtrate was concentrated to give 154 mg (83%) of 2-[(4-benzoylaminobenzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid as an oil.

Step D: 2-[(4-Benzoylaminobenzyl)methoxyphosphinoyl methyi]-4-methylpentanoic acid (154 mg, 0.37 mmole), (S)-2-amino-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N- methylpropionamide (100 mg, 0.41 mmole), benzotriazol-1-yloxy -tris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate (180 mg, 0.41 mmole) and diisopropylethylamine (238 mg, 1.85 mmole) were stirred together in dry methylene chloride (10 ml) for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was

AP/P/ 97/01043

AP.00761

-32concentrated and diluted with ethyl acetate (100 ml). This solution was washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (20 ml) and saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (20 ml) and dried with magnesium sulfate. Filtration and concentration gave the crude product which was purified by chromatography (10:90 - methanokmethylene chloride) yielding 153 mg (68%).of (4-Benzoylamino benzyl){2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)

-1-methylcarbamoylethylcarbamoyl]-4-methylpentyl) phosphinic acid methyl ester as a white solid.

Step E: By the procedure described in Example 1/Step E (4-Benzoylamino benzyl){2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl) -1-methylcarbamoylethyicarbamoyl]-4-methylpentyl} phosphinic acid methyl ester (153 mg, 0.25 mmole) was converted to 100 mg (67%) the title compound, a white solid which was a 50:50 mixture of S,S and R,S isomers, respectively. Mass spectrum m/e: M*+H* 594, M⁺+Na⁺ 616. HPLC retention times: 8.32/10.33 minutes.

The compounds in Table 5 were prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 65.

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-33Table 5

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761

κ>

sr o

o cr>

£ a

<

AP.00761

-35Example 73

S,S and R,S 14-(1'3-Dioxo-1,3-dihvdroisoindol-2-vl)benzvn {2-f2-(4-melhoxvphenyl)-1-methyl carbamoylethvlcarbamovn-4-methvIpentyl) phosphinic acid

Step A: 2-[(4-Aminobenzyl)methoxyphosphinoylmethyl]-4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester (prepared as described in Example 2/Step A) (242 mg, 0.60 mmole) and phthalic anhydride (133 mg, 0.90 mmole) in acetic acid (10 ml) were refluxed for 1 hour. The cooled reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 ml). This solution was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (3 x 20 ml) and dried with magnesium sulfate.

Filtration and concentration gave a light yellow oil which was purified by chromatography (ethyl acetate) yielding 162 mg (51%) of 2-{[4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3dihydroisoindol-2-yl)benzyl] methoxyphosphinoyl methyi}-4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester as a yellow solid. Step B: By the procedures described in Example

2/Steps C-E 2-{[4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydroisoindol-2-yl)benzyl] methoxyphosphinoyl methyl}-4-methylpentanoic acid benzyl ester (269 mg, 0.50 mmole) was converted to 61 mg (20% - 3 steps) of the title compound, a white solid which was a 50:50 mixture of S,S and R,S isomers, respectively. Mass spectrum m/e: M*+H* 620, M‘+Na* 642. HPLC retention times: 10.12/11.92 minutes.

The compounds in Table 6 were prepared by a method analogous to that described in Example 73.

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP.00761

-36Table 6

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

-37Example 77

5.5 and R,S (3-AminobenzylH2-r2-{4-methoxvphenvD1-methvlcarbamovlethylcarbamovn-4-methvlpentvl>phosphinic acid.

Step A: {2-[2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1 -methylcarbamoylethylcarbamoyl]-4-methyl5 pentylH3-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetylamino)benzyl]phosphinic acid methyl ester (prepared from the appropriate starting materials using the procedures described in Example 2/Steps A-D) (105 mg, 0.18 mmole) was treated with potassium carbonate (242 mg, 1.75 mmole) in 10% aqueous methanol (10 ml) for 18 hours. 1N Sodium hydroxide (1 ml) was added and after 3 hours the reaction mixture was concentrated and ethyl acetate (25 ml) and water (5 ml) added. The ethyl acetate layer was removed and the water extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 20 ml). The combined ethyl acetate . } extracts were dried with magnesium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated to give 56 mg (64%) of (3-aminobenzyl){2-[2-(4-methoxy phenyl)-1-methylcarbamoylethyl carbamoyl]-4-methylpentyl}phosphinic acid methyl ester as a light yellow oil.

Step B: By the procedure described in Example 1/Step E (3-aminobenzyl){2-[2-(4-methoxy phenyl)-1 -metbylcarbamoylethyl carbamoyl]-4-methylpentyl}phosphinic acid methyl ester (56 mg, 0.11 mmole) was converted to 40 mg (74%) of the title compound, a white solid which was a 44:56 mixture of S,S and R,S isomers, respectively. Mass spectrum m/e: M*+h* 490. HPLC retention times (20% to 80% gradient): 6.17/8.94 minutes.

Example 78 ¥

5.5 and R.S (3-Benzylaminobenzyl)-f2-F2- (4-methoxyphenyl)Λ

1-methvlcarbamovlethvlcarbamoyll-4-methvlpentvBphosphintc acid.

Step A: (3-Aminobenzyl){2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methyicarbamoyl ethylcarbamoyl]-4-methylpentyl}phosphinic acid methyl ester (prepared as described in Example 4/Step A) (150 mg, 0.30 mmole), benzaldehyde (38 mg, 0.36 mmole), sodium cyanoborohydride (23 mg, 0.357 mmole) and acetic acid (Tdrop) in methanol were stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was quenched with 1N hydrochloric acid (few ml's) and the reaction mixture concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (20 ml) and washed with 1N hydrochloric acid (20 ml), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (20 ml) and dried with magnesium sulfate. Filtration and concentration gave the crude product which was purified by chromatography (3:97 - methanofmethylene chloride) yielding 133 mg (75%) of

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

-38(3-Benzylamino benzyl)-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1 - methylcarbamoylethylcarbamoyl] -4-methylpentyl} phosphinic acid methyl ester as an oil.

Step B: By the procedure described in Example 1/Step E (3-Benzylamino benzyl)-(2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-T- methylcarbamoylethyicarbamoy!]-4-methylpentyl} phosphinic acid methyl ester (133 mg, 0.22 mmole) was converted to 100 mg (64%) of the title compound, a white solid which was a 67:33 mixture of S,S and R,S isomers, respectively. Mass spectrum m/e: M*+H* 580, M^+Na* 602. HPLC retention times: 7.29/9.61 minutes.

Example 79

Separation of S,S and R,S (4-benzylbenzyl)F2-(2,2-dimethvl

-1-methylcarbamovlpropylcarbamovD-4- methylpentyriphosphinic acid

A mixture of S,S and R,S (4-benzylbenzyl)[2-(2,2-dimethyl1-methylcarbamoylpropylcarbarooyl)-4-methylpentyl]phosphinic acid (prepared as described in Example 1) (609 mg) was chromatographed on a preparative reverse phase (C-18) column eluting first with 40% aqueous acetonitrile containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid and then with 50% aqueous acetonitrile containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid. This gave nearly complete separation of the two diastereomers. Concentration of the fractions containing the two pure components gave 304 mg of

S,S (4-benzylbenzyl)[2- (2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl propylcarbamoyl)-420 methylpentyl] phosphinic acid as a white soiid: ’HNMR (CD₃OD) d 0.83 (d,3H,J=6.9 Hz), 0.89 (d,3H,J=6.9 Hz), 1.02 (s,9H), 1.32 (m,1H), 1.42 (m,1H), 1.53 (m,1H), 1.67 (m,1H), 1.99 (m,1H), 2.69 (s,3H), 2.81 (m,1H), 3.10 (d,2H,J=17.1 Hz), 3.94 (s,2H), 4.08 (s,1H), 7.1-7.3 (m,9H); mass spectrum m/e: 501 M*+H*; HPLC retention time: 12.96 minutes; and 208 mg of R,S (4-benzylbenzyl)[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methyl carbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]phosphinic acid as a white solid: ¹HNMR (CD₃OD) d 0.86 (d,3H,J=6.9 Hz), 0.91 (d,3H,J=6.9 Hz), 1.02 (s,9H), 1.22 (m,1H),

1.4-1.7 (m,3H), 2.00 (m,1H), 2.64 (s,3H), 2.85 (m,1H), 3.10 (d,2H,J=17.1 Hz), 3.94 (s,2H), 4.13 (s,1H), 7.1-7.3 (m,9H); mass spectrum m/e: 501 M*+H⁺; HPLC retention time: 15.84 minutes.

³⁰

The compounds in Table 7 were separated by a method analogous to that described in Example 79.

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP· θ θ 7 6 1

-39Table 7

CO □C

O

eg eg

♦

4·

4

CO

X

Σ

+ +

+

+ 4

+

4

+ 4

Z>

s

2

T—

V

cn

CD

o

v—

o

o to

o

o IO

o

v- to

o

LO

o

to

'T LO

o

XT IO

Tf IO

01

ΤΓ

(

I

o

1

co

CO

to

04

co

0) x

E

iri

CD

IO

CD

co

tri

i-

τ—

Ol

co

τ—

co

1

V

r“

I

v—

J

S/R

o

x

o

00/

/00

o

o o

o τ—

o

4“

ό

>.

N

>x

“>s

c 01

>%

3κ

*e

N

XI

X

N

x

c

o

O

C

be

uor

O 3

be

bei

5Ξ

c:

co

r>

x

X

fw

x

X

*>>

~>S

3

cc

Q

X

c

Έ

-c

e

c

-c

01

0)

01

o

>.

>>

Q.

CL

>x

>»

>*

>%

1

O

p

—

3

CO

Q-

co

Q.

x

X

XI

CO

O

iso

co’

O 3

co’

O 3

ς=

X

o

r—

04

CO

V

to

LU

CO

to

co

00

co

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

Claims

A compound of the formula

Haring now particolariy describee *πβ •iccrTaincd my jour said invention and -la , what manner the same is to be performed Ci^jSS dexlzts that what 1/we ciakn it «-» or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; wherein

Ar is phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyi, pyridazinyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl or imidazoiyl;

*

R¹ and R¹⁸ are each independently hydrogen, (C,-C₆)alkyl, (trifluoromethyl)₂(C₁-C₆)alkyl, perfluoro(C.,-C₆)alkyl, perfluoro^-CJalkyl^-CJalkyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, (Cj-CJcycloalkyK^-CJalkyl, (Cg-C^arylfC,CJalkyl, (C₆-C,₀)aryloxy(C,-C₆)alkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)aikoxy(C,-C₆)alkyl;

R² is (C,-C₆)alkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C,-C₆)alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy, amino, halo, (C^CJalkyl, (C,-CJalkoxy, (trifluoromethyl)₂(C,-C₆)aikyl, perfluoro(C_rCJalkyi, perfluoro(C,-C_e)alkyl(C,-C₆)alkyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, carboxy or carboxamoyl;

. R³ is (C,-C₆)alkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl;

R* is hydrogen, (C,-C₆)alkyl, (C,-C₆)alkoxy, (C₃-C₇)cycloalkyl(C,-C₆)alkyl, (C,CJalkylsulfonyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryloxy, (C₆-C₁₀)arylsulfonyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C,CJalkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl (C,-C₆)alkoxy, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C,-C₆)alkylsulfonyl, N-phthalimido, (C₆-C₁₀)arylNHCO, (C₆-C,₀)arylNHSO₂, R⁷OOC, R⁷R⁸NCO, R⁷R^BNSO
[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-5,5,5-trifiuoro-pentyl][4-(2-fluoro-benzyI)-benzy!]phosphinic acid;

15 [3-Cyclopropyl-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1 -methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-propyl][4-(2-fluoro-benzyl)-benzyl]phosphinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-[4-(4fluoro-benzyl)-benzyl]-phosphinic acid;

5 [2-(2,2-Dimethyi-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-[4-(2fluoro-benzyl)-benzy!]phophinic acid;

[2-(2,2-Dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-[4-(3fluorobenzyl)-benzyi]-phosphinic acid;

Benzyl-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoyl-ethylcarbamoyl]-6phenoxy-hexyl}-phosphinic acid;

25 (4-Benzylbenzyl)-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoylethylcarbamoylJ-6-phenoxyhexyl}-phosphinic acid;

2 wherein R⁷and R⁸ are each independently hydrogen, (C,-C6)alkyl or (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C.,-C₆)a!kyl; (C,-C_e)alkyl CR⁹R’°, (C6-C10)aryl.CR⁹R¹⁰, (C6-C₁₀)aryl(C₁-C₆)alkylCR⁹R^,° wherein R⁹and R¹⁰ are each independently fluoro, (C,-C₆)alkyl or (C,-C₆)alkoxy;

or R⁹ and R’° may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a group of the formula

P/97/01043 <CH₂)_c

AP.00761

-4110 wherein a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0 or 1; c is 1, 2, or 3; d is 0 or 1; and e is 0, 1 or 2;

R⁵ and R⁶ are each independently hydrogen, (C₁-C₆)alkyl, (C,-C₆)alkoxy, halo, (trifluoromethyl)₂(C₁-C₆)alkyl, perfluoro(C,-C₆)alkyi, perfluoroCC^CJalkykC,CJalkyl, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, (C^CJalkylthio, (C,-C₆)alkylsulfinyl or (C^CJalkylsulfonyl;

or R¹ and R¹⁶ may be taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a (C₃-C₇)cycloalkyl group optionally substituted by (C,-C₆)alkyl, (C,CJalkoxy, (Ce-CjJaryKCj-CJalkyl, (C₆-C₁₀)aryl(C,-C₆)alkyl or (C₆-C_1D)aryloxy;

or R⁵ and R⁶, when attached to adjacent carbon positions, may be taken together to form a group of the formula (CH_h), y (R¹¹) wherein the broken lines represent optional double bonds; h is 1 or 2;

f and g are each independently 0, 1 or 2;

Y and Z are each independently CH₂, O, CO, SO₂, CH₂CH₂, CH₂O, CH₂S, CH₂NH, CH₂CO, CH₂SO_2i NHCO or NHSO₂; and

R¹¹ is hydrogen, halo, (C^CJalkyl, (C,-C₆)alkoxy, (trifluoromethyl)₂(C,CJalkyl, perfluoro(C,-C₆)a)kyl, perfluorofCt-CJalkyltCj-CJalkyl, difluoromethoxy or trifluoromethoxy;

with the proviso that when either a or e is 0, the other must be 1;

with the proviso that when b and d are 1, the sum of a, c and e cannot be 5,

6 or 7;

with the proviso that when b and d are 0, the sum of a, c and e cannot be 7; with the proviso that the methyene carbon attached to the phosphorus atom must be attached to a carbon atom of the Ar ring; and with the proviso that R⁵ and R⁶ must be attached to carbon atoms of the Ar ring.

AP. Ο Ο 7 6 1

-422. A compound according to claim 1, wherein Ar is phenyl or thienyl.
[3-Cyclobutyl-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-propyl]-[4(2-fiuoro-benzyl)-benzy!]-phosphinic acid; and (5-Benzyl-thiophen-2-ylmethyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl20 propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-phosphinic acid.

9. A pharmaceutical composition for (a) the treatment of a condition selected from the group consisting of arthritis, cancer, synergy with cytotoxic anticancer agents, tissue ulceration, mucular degeneration, restenosis, periodontal disease, epidermolysis bullosa, scleritis, in combination with standard NSAID’S and

25 analgesics and other diseases characterized by matrix metalloproteinase activity, AIDS, sepsis, septic shock and other diseases involving the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or (b) the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases or the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a mammal, including a'human, comprising an amount of a compound of claim 1 effective in such treatment and a

30 pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

10. A method for the inhibition of (a) matrix metalloproteinases or (b) the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a mammal, including a human, comprising administering to said mammal an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.

AP/P/ 9 7 / 0 1 0 4 3

AP·θ Ο 7 61

-4411. A method for treating a condition selected from the group consisting of arthritis, cancer, synergy with cytotoxic anticaner agents, tissue ulceration, macular degeneration, restenosis, periodontal disease, epidermolysis bullosa, scleritis, in combination with standard NSAID’S and analgesics and other diseases

3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R¹ is 2-methylpropyl, trifluoromethylethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, phenoxybutyl, cyclohexylmethyl or phenylethyl.

5 4. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R² is (C^C^alkyl or 4methoxybenzyl.

5. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R³ is methyl.

6. A compound according to claim 1, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen, benzyl, 2chlorobenzyl, 2-fluorobenzyl, 3-fluorobenzyl or 4-fluorobenzyl.

10

7. A compound according to claim 1, wherein Ar is phenyl or thienyl; R¹ is 2-methylpropyl, trifluoromethylethyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, phenoxybutyl, cyclohexylmethyl or phenylethyl; R² is (C,-C₆)alkyl or 4methoxybenzyl; R³ is methyl and R⁴ is hydrogen, benzyl, 2-chlorobenzyl, 2fluorobenzyl, 3-fluorobenzyl or 4-fluorobenzyl.

15

8. A compound according to claim 1, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:
[4-(2-Chlorobenzyl)benzyl]-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-110 propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]phosphinic acid;

(5-Benzyl-pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoylpropylcarbamoyI)-4-methyl-pentyl]phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-{2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoylethy!carbamoyi]-4-methyl-pentyl}-phosphinic acid;

(4-Cyclohexylmethylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1 -methylcarbamoylpropylcarbamoyl)-4-methyl-pentyl]-phosphinic acid;

AP/P/ 9 7/01043

AP.00761

-43[2-(2,2-Dimethy!-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4-methylpentyl]-(4isobutylbenzy!)-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4phenyl-butyl]-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-[3-cyclohexyl-2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl30 propylcarbamoyi)-propyl]-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl)-(3-cyclohexyi-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylcarbamoylethylcarbamoyl]-propyl]-phosphinic acid;

(4-Benzylbenzyl-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-5,5,520 trifluoropentyl]-phosphinic acid;

* (4-Benzylbenzyl)-[2-(2,2-dimethyl-1-methylcarbamoyl-propylcarbamoyl)-4methyl-pentyl]-phosphinic acid;
5 characterized by matrix metalloproteinase activity, AIDS, sepsis, septic shock and other diseases involving, the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in a mammal, including a human, comprising administering to said mammal an amount of a compound of claim 1, effective in treating such a condition.