AR013345A1 - UNA DISPOSICION PARA LA SELECCION DE ANTENAS EN UNA DISPOSICION DE COMUNICACIONES SATELITALES Y UN METODO PARA SELECCIONAR ANTENAS QUE UTILIZAN DICHA DISPOSICIoN - Google Patents

UNA DISPOSICION PARA LA SELECCION DE ANTENAS EN UNA DISPOSICION DE COMUNICACIONES SATELITALES Y UN METODO PARA SELECCIONAR ANTENAS QUE UTILIZAN DICHA DISPOSICIoN

Info

Publication number
AR013345A1
AR013345A1 ARP980102234A ARP980102234A AR013345A1 AR 013345 A1 AR013345 A1 AR 013345A1 AR P980102234 A ARP980102234 A AR P980102234A AR P980102234 A ARP980102234 A AR P980102234A AR 013345 A1 AR013345 A1 AR 013345A1
Authority
AR
Argentina
Prior art keywords
signal
provision
antennas
paths
processor
Prior art date
Application number
ARP980102234A
Other languages
English (en)
Original Assignee
Qualcomm Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qualcomm Inc filed Critical Qualcomm Inc
Publication of AR013345A1 publication Critical patent/AR013345A1/es

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0868Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
    • H04B7/0874Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using subgroups of receive antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
    • H04B7/0805Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching
    • H04B7/0808Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with single receiver and antenna switching comparing all antennas before reception
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
    • H04B7/0817Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with multiple receivers and antenna path selection
    • H04B7/082Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with multiple receivers and antenna path selection selecting best antenna path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
    • H04B7/0828Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection with delay elements in antenna paths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0891Space-time diversity
    • H04B7/0894Space-time diversity using different delays between antennas

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Un sistema y método para la seleccion y combinacion de senales de comunicacion de satélite de multiples antenas. El sistema incluye al menos dostrayectos de senales (550A, 550B), cada uno conectado con una antena separada (202A - 202N),y un combinador (430) para la combinacion de las senales de losdos trayectos para el procesamiento por un procesador de senal (216). Al menos uno de los dos trayectos (550A, 550B), incluye una unidad de demora de senal(410A - 410B). El procesadorde senal (216) puede distinguir una senal recibida desde una fuente en una de las antenas (202A-202N) de la senal recibida de lafuente en la otra antena (basándose en la demora de senal producida por la unidad de demora de senal (410A, 410B)).Cada trayecto de senal (550) incluye uatenuador variable (526) para conectar selectivamente cada trayecto de senal (550) al procesador de senal (216). El procesador de senal (216) determina lacalidad de las senales recibidas en los trayectos desenal (550), y provee los datos con respecto a la calidad de la senal a un procesador de control (220),lo cual manipula los atenuadores para conectar el trayecto de la senal (550) que tiene la mayor senal de calidad con el procesador de senal(216).
ARP980102234A 1997-05-13 1998-05-13 UNA DISPOSICION PARA LA SELECCION DE ANTENAS EN UNA DISPOSICION DE COMUNICACIONES SATELITALES Y UN METODO PARA SELECCIONAR ANTENAS QUE UTILIZAN DICHA DISPOSICIoN AR013345A1 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/855,242 US6009307A (en) 1997-05-13 1997-05-13 Multiple antenna detecting and selecting

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AR013345A1 true AR013345A1 (es) 2000-12-27

Family

ID=25320729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ARP980102234A AR013345A1 (es) 1997-05-13 1998-05-13 UNA DISPOSICION PARA LA SELECCION DE ANTENAS EN UNA DISPOSICION DE COMUNICACIONES SATELITALES Y UN METODO PARA SELECCIONAR ANTENAS QUE UTILIZAN DICHA DISPOSICIoN

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6009307A (es)
EP (2) EP1013002A2 (es)
JP (1) JP2001525146A (es)
KR (1) KR100585307B1 (es)
CN (2) CN1142635C (es)
AR (1) AR013345A1 (es)
AU (1) AU750535B2 (es)
BR (1) BR9809810A (es)
MX (1) MXPA99010336A (es)
TW (1) TW376671B (es)
WO (1) WO1998052300A2 (es)
ZA (1) ZA984043B (es)

Families Citing this family (65)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6873834B1 (en) * 1996-12-20 2005-03-29 Nortel Networks Limited Wireless terminal diversity scheme
KR100208942B1 (ko) * 1997-01-20 1999-07-15 윤종용 부호분할다중접속 통신시스템의 수신신호 전력레벨 추적장치 및 방법
US6389085B1 (en) * 1998-01-14 2002-05-14 Wavecom Electronics Inc. Receiver combiner for spatial diversity digital communications
JPH11308144A (ja) * 1998-04-24 1999-11-05 Mitsumi Electric Co Ltd 通信装置
US6310661B1 (en) 1998-08-07 2001-10-30 Hughes Electronics Corporation Method of broadcasting controlling data streams and apparatus for receiving the same
US6430165B1 (en) 1998-08-07 2002-08-06 Hughes Electronics Corporation Method and apparatus for performing satellite selection in a broadcast communication system
JP3667549B2 (ja) * 1999-03-29 2005-07-06 日本電気株式会社 ダイバーシティ受信装置
US7552458B1 (en) 1999-03-29 2009-06-23 The Directv Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for transmission receipt and display of advertisements
US7877290B1 (en) 1999-03-29 2011-01-25 The Directv Group, Inc. System and method for transmitting, receiving and displaying advertisements
JP3458772B2 (ja) 1999-06-30 2003-10-20 日本電気株式会社 ディジタル多重受信装置及び受信方法
JP3678944B2 (ja) * 1999-07-02 2005-08-03 松下電器産業株式会社 無線通信装置および無線通信方法
US7024168B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2006-04-04 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Controlled antenna diversity
US6549774B1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2003-04-15 Xm Satellite Radio Inc. Digital audio service satellite receiver having switchable operating modes for stationary or mobile use
EP1104121A1 (en) * 1999-11-23 2001-05-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radio station for receiving signals employing antenna diversity and RAKE receiver
US6356841B1 (en) 1999-12-29 2002-03-12 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation G.P.S. management system
DE10102616A1 (de) * 2000-02-17 2001-08-23 Heinz Lindenmeier Antennendiversityanlage mit phasengeregelter Summation von Antennensignalen
JP3519338B2 (ja) * 2000-03-24 2004-04-12 松下電器産業株式会社 受信装置及び利得制御方法
DE10022740A1 (de) * 2000-04-28 2001-10-31 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Antennen-Diversity-Schaltung für Rundfunkempfänger mit mehreren Empfangsteilen
GB0016411D0 (en) * 2000-07-05 2000-08-23 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Antenna diversity receiver
FR2826527B1 (fr) * 2001-06-25 2003-09-26 Thomson Licensing Sa Dispositif de reception equipe pour evaluer les performances des chemins par lesquels il recoit des signaux provenant d'une meme source et procede pour l'exploitation de ce dispositif
US7085529B1 (en) 2001-10-24 2006-08-01 The Directv Group, Inc. Method and apparatus for determining a direct-to-home satellite receiver multi-switch type
JP3997890B2 (ja) 2001-11-13 2007-10-24 松下電器産業株式会社 送信方法及び送信装置
US7236515B1 (en) * 2001-11-19 2007-06-26 Sprint Spectrum L.P. Forward link time delay for distributed antenna system
US6684157B2 (en) 2001-12-06 2004-01-27 Yazaki North America, Inc. Method and system for interfacing a global positioning system, other navigational equipment and wireless networks with a digital data network
FR2833435B1 (fr) * 2001-12-06 2004-02-27 Thomson Licensing Sa Methode de selection de chemin de reception et dispositif de reception comprenant plusieurs chemins de reception
US7274759B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2007-09-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Antenna switching based on a preamble MSE metric
KR20030054595A (ko) * 2001-12-26 2003-07-02 엘지이노텍 주식회사 다중 수신 시스템의 복합 이득 제어장치 및 방법
DE10209060B4 (de) * 2002-03-01 2012-08-16 Heinz Lindenmeier Empfangsantennenanordnung für Satelliten- und/oder terrestrische Funksignale auf Fahrzeugen
US6978117B2 (en) * 2002-03-25 2005-12-20 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. RF AGC amplifier system for satellite/terrestrial radio receiver
CN100385826C (zh) * 2002-06-24 2008-04-30 美国博通公司 采用多路复用接收链处理的降低复杂度的天线系统
EP1394965A1 (de) 2002-08-28 2004-03-03 FUBA Automotive GmbH & Co. KG Diversity-Anlage zum Empfang digitaler Satelliten-Rundfunksignale
AU2003268227A1 (en) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-19 Zyray Wireless, Inc. Iterative multi-stage detection technique for a diversity receiver having multiple antenna elements
AU2003286785A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-06-07 Magnolia Broadband Inc. Processing diversity signals using a delay
US7218902B2 (en) * 2002-11-29 2007-05-15 Telecom Italia S.P.A. Antenna for communication with a satellite
US7483718B2 (en) * 2003-10-01 2009-01-27 Broadcom Corporation System and method for antenna selection
US7515939B2 (en) 2003-10-01 2009-04-07 Broadcom Corporation System and method for channel-adaptive antenna selection
US8185075B2 (en) 2003-03-17 2012-05-22 Broadcom Corporation System and method for channel bonding in multiple antenna communication systems
US7113760B1 (en) 2003-04-29 2006-09-26 Ami Semiconductor, Inc. Direct conversion receiver for amplitude modulated signals using linear/log filtering
US7139546B1 (en) 2003-04-29 2006-11-21 Ami Semiconductor, Inc. Up-conversion of a down-converted baseband signal in a direct conversion architecture without the baseband signal passing through active elements
US7197091B1 (en) 2003-05-06 2007-03-27 Ami Semiconductor, Inc. Direct conversion receiver with direct current offset correction circuitry
US7006809B2 (en) * 2003-05-06 2006-02-28 Ami Semiconductor, Inc. Adaptive diversity receiver architecture
US7551699B2 (en) * 2003-06-04 2009-06-23 Ati Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a smart antenna using metrics derived from a single carrier digital signal
EP1533916A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-05-25 Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Centre Europe B.V. Diversity switch combiner
EP1533917A1 (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-05-25 Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Centre Europe B.V. Antenna diversity switch for a receiver system and method using this switch
US8005418B2 (en) * 2004-08-24 2011-08-23 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Vehicle oriented switched antenna system
JP2006135814A (ja) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-25 Fujitsu Ltd 無線受信機
US20060202890A1 (en) * 2005-02-10 2006-09-14 Interdigital Technology Corporation Adaptive antenna/combiner for reception of satellite signals and associated methods
US8441913B2 (en) * 2005-09-27 2013-05-14 Qualcomm Incorporated Switching diversity in broadcast OFDM systems based on multiple receive antennas
CN101039121B (zh) * 2006-03-15 2010-12-29 宏碁股份有限公司 无线信号接收系统及方法
US8775319B2 (en) 2006-05-15 2014-07-08 The Directv Group, Inc. Secure content transfer systems and methods to operate the same
WO2008082688A2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-07-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Handset transmit antenna diversity in mobile satellite systems
ES2572884T3 (es) 2008-03-20 2016-06-02 Ses Astra S.A. Transceptor de satélite
US8669900B2 (en) 2010-11-17 2014-03-11 Trimble Navigation Limited Global navigation satellite antenna systems and methods
GB2487225B (en) * 2011-01-14 2017-12-06 Nvidia Tech Uk Limited Receiving an input signal over a channel of a wireless network
US8793000B2 (en) 2011-05-02 2014-07-29 Apple Inc. Idle mode receive antenna diversity system
US8498656B2 (en) 2011-05-02 2013-07-30 Apple Inc. Electronic device with idle mode antenna switching
US8687947B2 (en) 2012-02-20 2014-04-01 Rr Donnelley & Sons Company Systems and methods for variable video production, distribution and presentation
WO2013185106A1 (en) * 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Systems and methods for cancelling interference using multiple attenuation delays
WO2014124461A1 (en) * 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 Gogo Llc Multiple antenna system and method for mobile platforms
US9379789B2 (en) * 2013-07-03 2016-06-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Antenna selection adjustment
WO2015168843A1 (zh) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-12 华为技术有限公司 确定信号的方法、馈电网络和装置
WO2017079969A1 (zh) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 华为技术有限公司 改善gps性能的方法及终端
DE102016103666A1 (de) 2016-03-01 2017-09-07 Infineon Technologies Ag Vorrichtung mit einer schalteinheit und anwendungen davon
IL255437A (en) * 2017-11-05 2018-03-29 Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd An adjustable multifunctional information acquisition system
CN108233965B (zh) * 2017-12-28 2020-07-07 浙江中智海通信科技有限公司 无线数据通信多天线协同接收机架构及其信号接收方法

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1518827A (fr) * 1967-02-08 1968-03-29 Sud Aviation Perfectionnement aux dispositifs de réception en diversité des signaux radioélectriques, notamment en provenance d'un émetteur mobile
US3495175A (en) * 1967-07-19 1970-02-10 Moore Associates Inc Automatic channel selection system for a multichannel communication system
CA1059215A (en) * 1974-12-24 1979-07-24 Hideki Saito Space diversity system in pcm-tdma telecommunication system using stationary communication satellite
JPS5542790B2 (es) * 1975-01-09 1980-11-01
JPS54143009A (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-11-07 Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd Space diversity system for tdma communication system
GB2144947B (en) * 1983-07-25 1987-02-04 Sony Corp Space diversity receivers
US4731872A (en) * 1985-03-27 1988-03-15 Cincinnati Microwave, Inc. FM TVRO receiver with improved oscillating limiter
US4901307A (en) 1986-10-17 1990-02-13 Qualcomm, Inc. Spread spectrum multiple access communication system using satellite or terrestrial repeaters
NO175659C (no) * 1988-07-06 1994-11-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries Kommunikasjonssystem med multippelmottagning og mottagerapparat for diversitetssignaler
US5109390A (en) 1989-11-07 1992-04-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Diversity receiver in a cdma cellular telephone system
JP2728547B2 (ja) * 1990-06-13 1998-03-18 株式会社日立製作所 ダイバシティ受信装置
GB2272604B (en) * 1992-11-10 1996-09-25 Motorola Ltd Radio base station with receiver diversity testing
US5499272A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-03-12 Ericsson Ge Mobile Communications Inc. Diversity receiver for signals with multipath time dispersion
US5614914A (en) * 1994-09-06 1997-03-25 Interdigital Technology Corporation Wireless telephone distribution system with time and space diversity transmission for determining receiver location
US5777693A (en) * 1994-10-04 1998-07-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Diversity receiving apparatus for a mobile unit
US5818543A (en) * 1995-09-06 1998-10-06 Premier Wireless, Inc. Diversity receiver for television
US5657572A (en) * 1995-12-26 1997-08-19 Little; Frank Tamp assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100585307B1 (ko) 2006-06-01
BR9809810A (pt) 2000-06-27
CN1278499C (zh) 2006-10-04
CN1142635C (zh) 2004-03-17
CN1516358A (zh) 2004-07-28
US6009307A (en) 1999-12-28
WO1998052300A3 (en) 1999-04-22
WO1998052300A2 (en) 1998-11-19
KR20010012421A (ko) 2001-02-15
TW376671B (en) 1999-12-11
EP2246994A2 (en) 2010-11-03
ZA984043B (en) 1998-11-20
EP2246994A3 (en) 2010-11-24
MXPA99010336A (es) 2004-12-06
EP1013002A2 (en) 2000-06-28
JP2001525146A (ja) 2001-12-04
CN1269075A (zh) 2000-10-04
AU750535B2 (en) 2002-07-18
AU7480998A (en) 1998-12-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AR013345A1 (es) UNA DISPOSICION PARA LA SELECCION DE ANTENAS EN UNA DISPOSICION DE COMUNICACIONES SATELITALES Y UN METODO PARA SELECCIONAR ANTENAS QUE UTILIZAN DICHA DISPOSICIoN
CA2333660A1 (en) Apparatus and method for processing signals selected from multiple data streams
US4660041A (en) Radar scene simulator
FI952533A0 (fi) Menetelmä kulmatoisteen aikaansaamiseksi sekä tukiMenetelmä kulmatoisteen aikaansaamiseksi sekä tukiasemalaitteisto asemalaitteisto
JP2008256717A (ja) 多ビーム車両レーダシステム
KR970002346A (ko) 노이즈 측정 시험 시스템
EP0720291A3 (en) Delay circuit device
WO2004013930A2 (en) Modular phased array with improved beam-to-beam isolation
WO2001018561A3 (en) Ground penetrating radar array and timing circuit
WO2000016499A8 (en) Method of directive transmission and directivity-controlled communication device
KR100269182B1 (ko) 레이다 시스템의 표적모의 시험장치
ES2194019T3 (es) Comunicacion a traves de un canal que tiene un retardo de propagacion variable.
TR199701318T1 (xx) Havaalan� y�zey saptama radar�.
ATE279825T1 (de) Signalisierung unter verwendung eines impedanzsmodulators
FR2793631B1 (fr) Terminal de communication bidirectionnel multmedia
EP1186124A2 (en) Apparatus for testing mobile phones
WO2003015492A3 (en) Isolating signal divider/combiner and method of combining signals of first and second frequencies
US4296414A (en) P-I-N type diode high frequency switch for secondary radar interrogation devices and transponders
US7436353B2 (en) Transmitting-receiving module of radar system
JPH0646718B2 (ja) 衛星通信方法
WO2002025837A3 (en) Method and apparatus for determining an operating condition in a communications system using antenna arrays
WO2004006451A8 (en) Data transmission method and arrangement
US6026132A (en) Method and apparatus for mitigating the effects of rayleigh fading at low vehicle speeds
RU2002135322A (ru) Система радиолокационного противодействия и защиты
RU2207587C2 (ru) Устройство ввода свч сигналов имитатора цели и помех в составе брлс с компенсационным каналом помехозащиты

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
FG Grant, registration