AT120482B - Absorbent mass for gas filters, in particular for breathing purposes. - Google Patents
Absorbent mass for gas filters, in particular for breathing purposes.Info
- Publication number
- AT120482B AT120482B AT120482DA AT120482B AT 120482 B AT120482 B AT 120482B AT 120482D A AT120482D A AT 120482DA AT 120482 B AT120482 B AT 120482B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent mass
- gas filters
- breathing purposes
- carrier substance
- copper chloride
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
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es vielfach darauf an, dass die Absorptionssubstanz eine möglichst vielseitige Wirkung hat. Es sollen oft nicht nur Gase, die einer chemischen Gruppe angehören, absorbiert werden, sondern die Masse soll zugleich gegen chemische Substanzen der verschiedensten systematischen Zugehörigkeit wirksam sein.
Besonders wird ein Gasfilter benötigt, das zugleich gegen Schwefelwasserstoff und Ammoniak wirksam ist. Die physikalischen Adsorptionsmittel, wie z. B. aktive Kohle, haben meist nur ein geringes Aufnahmevermögen gegen diese beiden Gase. Erfindungsgemäss gelingt es aber, diese chemisch zu binden durch Kupferchlorür, das in an sich bekannter Weise auf eine geeignete Trägersubstanz, z. B. Bimsstein, aufgebracht ist. Mit Ammoniak reagiert Kupferchlorür nach der allgemeinen Formel :
EMI1.3
Es ist bekannt, als Gasfilter gegen Ammoniak mit Kupfersulfat präparierten Bimsstein zu benutzen, der nach einer ähnlichen Formel reagiert ; dies Salz ist aber gegen Schwefelwasserstoff nur von geringer Wirksamkeit. Kupferchlorur dagegen ist imstande, auf zwei verschiedene Arten mit Schwefelwasserstoff zu reagieren.
1. Es findet eine einfache Wechselzersetzung statt nach :
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unter Bildung von Kupfer-l-sulfid.
2. Das Kupferchlorür wird unter Wirkung der Wasserstoffionen des Schwefelwasserstoffes zu Kupferehlorid oxydiert :
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Die gebildete Salzsäure bleibt als solche in der Feuchtigkeit des Präparates gelöst oder wird an die Trägersubstanz adsorbiert.
Besonders diese letzte Wirkung lässt sieh erhöhen, wenn man als Trägersubstanz eine solche wählt, die an sich schon stark adsorbierende Eigenschaften besitzt, z. B. aktive Kohle oder aktivierte anorganische Gele. Durch ein solches Vorgehen steigt zugleich die Wirksamkeit der Filtermasse gemäss den oben genannten Reaktionen. Ausserdem erhält sie aber noch eine gewisse Wirksamkeit gegen die Stoffe, die infolge reiner Adsorptionsvorgänge an die aktivierten Substanzen gebunden werden, z. B. gegen Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Benzol und ähnliche.
So erhält man auf die angegebene Art eine Filtermasse, die von ausserordentlicher Vielseitigkeit in ihrer Wirkung ist.
Die chemische Wirksamkeit gegen die genannten Gase, besonders gegen Schwefelwasserstoff, lässt sich noch steigern, wenn man die Trägersubstanz mit einer Lösung tränkt, die ihrerseits mit dem Gas leicht reagiert. Hiezu eignet sich besonders eine konzentrierte Lösung von Bleinitrat. Eine solche
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reagiert selbst mit Kupferchlorür nicht. Das nach der Behandlung im Trägerkorn befindliche Bleinitrat nimmt also grosse Mengen von Schwefelwasserstoff auf und macht das Kupfersalz so zu einer Umsetzung mit Ammoniak verfügbar.
Beispiel : 10 leg aktive Kohle mittlerer Korngrösse werden mit einer Lösung von 2 leg Bleinitrat
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innig vermischt und langsam bei niedriger Temperatur getrocknet. Bei dieser Behandlung haftet das Kupfersalz fest an der Kohle.
PATENT-ANSPRÜCHE :
1. Absorptionsmasse für Gasfilter, insbesondere für Atmungszwecke, bestehend aus einem auf eine feste Trägersubstanz aufgebrachten, chemisch wirksamen Stoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der chemisch wirksame Stoff aus Kupferchlorür besteht.
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it is often important that the absorption substance has as versatile an effect as possible. Often not only gases belonging to a chemical group should be absorbed, but the mass should at the same time be effective against chemical substances belonging to the most varied of systematic groups.
In particular, a gas filter is needed that is effective against hydrogen sulfide and ammonia at the same time. The physical adsorbents, such as. B. active coal, usually have only a low absorption capacity against these two gases. According to the invention, however, it is possible to bind them chemically by copper chloride, which in a known manner on a suitable carrier substance, eg. B. pumice stone is applied. Copper chloride reacts with ammonia according to the general formula:
EMI1.3
It is known to use pumice stone prepared with copper sulphate as a gas filter against ammonia, which reacts according to a similar formula; but this salt is of little activity against hydrogen sulphide. Copper chloride, on the other hand, is able to react with hydrogen sulfide in two different ways.
1. There is a simple alternating decomposition according to:
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with the formation of copper-l-sulfide.
2. The copper chloride is oxidized to copper chloride under the action of the hydrogen ions of the hydrogen sulfide:
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The hydrochloric acid formed remains dissolved as such in the moisture of the preparation or is adsorbed on the carrier substance.
This last effect in particular can be increased if one chooses a carrier substance that already has strong adsorbing properties, e.g. B. active charcoal or activated inorganic gels. Such a procedure also increases the effectiveness of the filter mass according to the reactions mentioned above. In addition, however, it still has a certain effectiveness against the substances that are bound to the activated substances as a result of pure adsorption processes, e.g. B. against hydrocarbons such as benzene and the like.
In this way, a filter material is obtained in the specified manner which is extraordinarily versatile in its effect.
The chemical effectiveness against the gases mentioned, especially against hydrogen sulphide, can be increased if the carrier substance is soaked in a solution which in turn reacts easily with the gas. A concentrated solution of lead nitrate is particularly suitable for this. Such
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does not react even with copper chloride. The lead nitrate in the carrier grain after the treatment absorbs large amounts of hydrogen sulfide and makes the copper salt available for reaction with ammonia.
Example: 10 legs of active carbon of medium grain size are mixed with a solution of 2 legs of lead nitrate
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intimately mixed and slowly dried at low temperature. During this treatment, the copper salt adheres firmly to the coal.
PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Absorption mass for gas filters, in particular for respiratory purposes, consisting of a chemically active substance applied to a solid carrier substance, characterized in that the chemically active substance consists of copper chloride.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE120482X | 1928-09-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT120482B true AT120482B (en) | 1930-12-27 |
Family
ID=5656539
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT120482D AT120482B (en) | 1928-09-29 | 1929-08-16 | Absorbent mass for gas filters, in particular for breathing purposes. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT120482B (en) |
-
1929
- 1929-08-16 AT AT120482D patent/AT120482B/en active
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