AT134828B - Machine parts that work at elevated temperatures and are exposed to strong temperature fluctuations made of steels containing chromium, molybdenum and possibly nickel. - Google Patents
Machine parts that work at elevated temperatures and are exposed to strong temperature fluctuations made of steels containing chromium, molybdenum and possibly nickel.Info
- Publication number
- AT134828B AT134828B AT134828DA AT134828B AT 134828 B AT134828 B AT 134828B AT 134828D A AT134828D A AT 134828DA AT 134828 B AT134828 B AT 134828B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- molybdenum
- work
- elevated temperatures
- machine parts
- temperature fluctuations
- Prior art date
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum Chemical compound [Cr].[Mo] VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Maschinenteile, die bei erhöhten Temperaturen arbeiten und starken Temperaturschwankungen
EMI1.1
Für Schleudergusskokillen, d. h. also für Formen zur Herstellung von Graugussrohren nach dem Sehleudergussverfahren, werden bisher Chromnickel-bzw.
Chrommolybdänstahllegierungen etwa folgender Zusammensetzung als die bestgeeigneten Werkstoffe angesehen und verwendet : a) Chrom-Nickelstahllegierungen mit etwa 0#3% kohlenstoff, etwa 1#5-2#0% Nickel und etwa 0#5-1% Chrom ; b) Chrom-Molybdänlegierungen mit etwa 0'3% Kohlenstoff, etwa 1#0-1#3% Chrom und etwa
EMI1.2
Auch die Verwendung von Chrom-Niekel-Molybdänstählen wurde hiefür schon in Vorschlag gebracht.
Eingehende Versuche haben nun ergeben, dass die Haltbarkeit von Schleudergusskokillen um bis zu 100% gesteigert werden kann, wenn man zur Herstellung der Schleudergusskokillen vergiitete Stahllegierungen verwendet, die bis zu etwa 0'3% Kohlenstoff, mehr als etwa 2-1% und bis zu 4'5% Chrom, mehr als etwa 0'15% und bis zu 1% Molybdän und bis zu etwa 2% Nickel enthalten. Gegebenenfalls können die Stahllegierungen auch nickelfrei sein.
Die Verbesserung der Haltbarkeit der Sehleudergusskokillen kann dadurch erklärt werden, dass zufolge des erhöhten Chrom-und des erniedrigten Kohlenstoffgehaltes die Entstehung der bei den bekannten Schleudergusskokillen gefürchteten netzartigen Warmspannungsrisse an der Oberfläche an sich gehemmt und vermindert wird ; sie ist ferner darin begründet, dass auch nach der Bildung von Warmspannungsrissen durch die zufolge des höheren Chromgehaltes und des Molybdänzusatzes wesentlich höher liegende Streckgrenze das Fortschreiten und Vergrössern dieser Risse praktisch verhindert werden.
Ganz besonders in ihrer Haltbarkeit verbesserte Sehleudergusskokillen werden erzielt, wenn man die Kokillen beim Vergütungsvorgang (Härten und Anlassen) bis auf etwa 700 C anlässt und von dieser Temperatur im Ofen abkühlen lässt. Das Abkühlen im Ofen aus einer Anlasstemperatur von etwa 700 C lässt nämlich die zurückbleibenden Eigenspannungen nahezu gleich Null werden, wobei die Anwesenheit des Molybdäns das Auftreten der gefährlichen Anlasssprödigkeit verhindert. Die nahezu vollkommene Spannungslosigkeit der auf diese Weise hergestellten Sehleudergusskokillen bringt den für die Herstellung von Schleudergussrohren sehr wesentlichen technischen Vorteil mit. sich, dass sich die Kokillen während des Schleudervorganges nicht verziehen.
Als Ausführungsbeispiel einer für die Herstellung von chleudergusskokillen besonders geeigneten Stahllegierung sei eine Stahllegierung angegeben, die etwa 0#16%
EMI1.3
dänzusatz kann durch einen doppelt so grossen Wolframzusatz ersetzt werden ; ausserdem ist es vorteilhaft, zwecks Weitererhöhung der Streckgrenze bis zu etwa 0#4% Vanadium zuzusetzen.
Die vorliegenden Stahllegierungen eignen sich ausser zur Herstellung von Schleudergusskokillen zur Herstellung aller derjenigen Maschinenteile, die bei erhöhter Temperatur arbeiten und starken Tem- peratursehwankungen ausgesetzt sind, also z. B. auch zur Herstellung von Wannpressmatrizen. Warmgesenken, Warmwalzen, Warmpressstempeln und Warmpressbüchsen.
Als Ausführungsbeispiel einer zur Herstellung einer Warmpressbüchse geeigneten Stahllegierung sei eine Stahllegierung angegeben, die etwa 0 21% Kohlenstoff, etwa 2-53% Chrom, etwa 0#42% Molybdän und etwa 0#28% Vanadium enthält. Für Warmwalzen ist z. B. eine Stahllegierung besonders geeignet,
EMI1.4
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld kannt Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Machine parts that work at elevated temperatures and strong temperature fluctuations
EMI1.1
For centrifugal casting molds, d. H. So for molds for the production of gray cast iron pipes according to the Sehleudgießverfahren, chrome-nickel or.
Chromium-molybdenum steel alloys of approximately the following composition are considered and used as the most suitable materials: a) Chromium-nickel steel alloys with about 0 # 3% carbon, about 1 # 5-2 # 0% nickel and about 0 # 5-1% chromium; b) Chromium-molybdenum alloys with about 0.3% carbon, about 1 # 0-1 # 3% chromium and about
EMI1.2
The use of chrome-Niekel-molybdenum steels has already been proposed for this purpose.
In-depth tests have now shown that the durability of centrifugal casting molds can be increased by up to 100% if steel alloys which have been hardened and which contain up to about 0.3% carbon, more than about 2-1% and up to are used to manufacture the centrifugal casting molds Contain 4'5% chromium, more than about 0'15% and up to 1% molybdenum and up to about 2% nickel. The steel alloys can optionally also be nickel-free.
The improvement in the durability of the centrifugal casting molds can be explained by the fact that, as a result of the increased chromium and the reduced carbon content, the formation of the network-like hot stress cracks on the surface, which is feared in the known centrifugal casting molds, is inhibited and reduced; it is also based on the fact that even after the formation of hot stress cracks, the significantly higher yield strength due to the higher chromium content and the addition of molybdenum prevents the progression and enlargement of these cracks in practice.
Sehleudgieß molds with improved durability are achieved if the molds are tempered to around 700 C during the tempering process (hardening and tempering) and allowed to cool down in the furnace from this temperature. Cooling in the furnace from a tempering temperature of around 700 C allows the residual internal stresses to be almost zero, with the presence of molybdenum preventing the occurrence of dangerous temper brittleness. The almost complete absence of tension in the centrifugal casting molds produced in this way has the technical advantage that is very important for the production of centrifugally cast pipes. that the molds do not warp during the centrifuging process.
As an exemplary embodiment of a steel alloy that is particularly suitable for the production of centrifugal casting molds, a steel alloy is given that is about 0 # 16%
EMI1.3
Danish addition can be replaced by a tungsten addition that is twice as large; In addition, it is advantageous to add up to about 0-4% vanadium in order to further increase the yield strength.
The present steel alloys are not only suitable for the production of centrifugal casting molds, but also for the production of all those machine parts that work at elevated temperatures and are exposed to strong temperature fluctuations, e.g. B. also for the production of tub press dies. Hot dies, hot rolling, hot pressing punches and hot pressing bushes.
As an exemplary embodiment of a steel alloy suitable for the production of a hot-press sleeve, a steel alloy is given which contains about 0.21% carbon, about 2-53% chromium, about 0 # 42% molybdenum and about 0 # 28% vanadium. For hot rolling is z. B. a steel alloy is particularly suitable,
EMI1.4
** WARNING ** End of DESC field may overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2031904X | 1930-06-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT134828B true AT134828B (en) | 1933-10-10 |
Family
ID=7981801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT134828D AT134828B (en) | 1930-06-06 | 1931-05-15 | Machine parts that work at elevated temperatures and are exposed to strong temperature fluctuations made of steels containing chromium, molybdenum and possibly nickel. |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2031904A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT134828B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH158001A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB371633A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE746189C (en) * | 1938-08-06 | 1944-06-08 | Stahlschmidt & Co Kom Ges | Steel alloy for hot processing tools |
| DE898316C (en) * | 1938-12-07 | 1953-11-30 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Hot work tools |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2576229A (en) * | 1941-03-12 | 1951-11-27 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Steel for tools operating at elevated temperatures |
| DE952820C (en) * | 1941-03-13 | 1956-11-22 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Chrome-vanadium-tungsten-molybdenum steel alloys for hot work tools, especially press dies |
| US2895861A (en) * | 1957-05-28 | 1959-07-21 | Creusot Forges Ateliers | Process for improving stress corrosion cracking resistance of alloyed steel in hydrogen sulphide atmosphere |
| US3254991A (en) * | 1962-06-29 | 1966-06-07 | Republic Steel Corp | Steel alloy and method of making same |
| JPS5472712A (en) * | 1977-11-22 | 1979-06-11 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Wear resistant cast steel for low temperature use |
| US4919735A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-04-24 | National Forge Company | Khare pipe mold steel |
| WO2004067783A2 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Ellwood National Forge Company | Eglin steel - a low alloy high strength composition |
-
1931
- 1931-05-12 US US536940A patent/US2031904A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1931-05-15 CH CH158001D patent/CH158001A/en unknown
- 1931-05-15 GB GB14428/31A patent/GB371633A/en not_active Expired
- 1931-05-15 AT AT134828D patent/AT134828B/en active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE746189C (en) * | 1938-08-06 | 1944-06-08 | Stahlschmidt & Co Kom Ges | Steel alloy for hot processing tools |
| DE898316C (en) * | 1938-12-07 | 1953-11-30 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Hot work tools |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH158001A (en) | 1932-10-31 |
| US2031904A (en) | 1936-02-25 |
| GB371633A (en) | 1932-04-28 |
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