AT140193B - Process for surface hardening of stainless steels. - Google Patents
Process for surface hardening of stainless steels.Info
- Publication number
- AT140193B AT140193B AT140193DA AT140193B AT 140193 B AT140193 B AT 140193B AT 140193D A AT140193D A AT 140193DA AT 140193 B AT140193 B AT 140193B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steels
- nitriding
- surface hardening
- steels
- reducing agent
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical group [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Description
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Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von rostfreien Stählen.
Bei manchen Stählen, insbesondere rostfreien Stählen der hochchromhaltigen und der austeni- tischen hoehchromnickelhaltigen Gruppen, stellen sich Schwierigkeiten bei der Anwendung des Nitrierverfahrens ein.
Die korrosionsfesten Eigenschaften von Stählen obiger Gruppen sind auf die Anwesenheit einer dünnen Oxydschicht, gewöhnlich als Passivierschichte bezeichnet, zurückzuführen. Es wurde nun ge- funden, dass die bisher beobachteten Schwierigkeiten bei der Anwendung des Nitrierverfahrens auf Stähle obiger Art auf die Wirkung der Passiviersehiehte zurückzuführen sind, welche das Eindringen des Stickstoffes und seine Adsorption in den oberflächlichen Schichten der Legierung weitgehend herabsetzt oder gänzlich verhindert.
Diese Schwierigkeiten werden erfindungsgemäss dadurch überwunden, dass die Oberfläche solcher Stähle vor dem Nitrieren mit einem Reduktionsmittel (z. B. naszierenden Wasserstoff) behandelt wird, welches fähig ist, die Oxydschicht zu entfernen, ohne die Zusammensetzung oder die Eigenschaften der Legierungen zu beeinflussen.
Die Behandlung der Legierung mit dem Reduktionsmittel wird vorzugsweise derart ausgeführt. dass die Oberfläche mit einer Wasserstoff in Freiheit setzenden Säure, wie beispielsweise Salzsäure, gebeizt wird. Die gleiche Wirkung kann erreicht werden, wenn der Stahl beispielsweise zur Kathode in einem elektrolytischen Bad gemacht wird. Auch Reduktion durch Erhitzung in einem Wasserstoffstrom oder in Kontakt mit irgendeinem andern bekannten Reduktionsmittel kann hiefür in Betracht kommen.
EMI1.1
Beginn des Nitriervorganges die Oberfläche der Legierung, mit welcher das Nitriergas in Kontakt gebracht wird, sich in jenem angreifbaren Zustand befindet, der durch die Wirkung der beizenden Säure oder irgendeines andern Reduktionsmittels herbeigeführt wird.
Dies kann man leicht dadurch erzielen, dass mit dem Nitrieren unmittelbar nach der Reinigung der Oberfläche der Legierung und während sie noch unter dem Einfluss des Reduktionsmittels steht begonnen wird.
Die erfindungsgemässe Vorbehandlung wurde beispielsweise bei einem rostfreien Stahl angewendet, welcher 18 o Chrom und 8O, Nickel enthält. Die Legierung wurde zunächst der Einwirkung eines Beizbades unterworfen, welches 50" HCI enthielt. Die Werkstücke wurden dann in Wasser gewaschen, abgetrocknet und in den Nitrierofen gebracht. Es wurden während der Nitrierung die üblichen Bedingungen eingehalten, wobei die Temperatur ungefähr 500"C war. Diese Werkstücke wurden dann mit ändern verglichen, welche demselben Nitriervorgang unterworfen, jedoch nicht gebeizt worden waren, wobei sich zeigte, dass eine wesentliche Erhöhung der Oberflächenhärte durch die erfindungsgemässen Massnahmen erzielt wurde.
PATENT-ANSPRÜCHE :
1. Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von rostfreien Stählen der hochehromhaltigen oder der austenitischen hochchromnickelhaltigen Gruppen durch Nitrieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche des Stahles vorher mit einem Reduktionsmittel (z. B. naszierendem Wasserstoff) behandelt wird, welches fähig ist, die Oxydschichte zu entfernen, ohne die Zusammensetzung oder die Eigenschaften der Legierungen in unerwünschter Weise zu beeinflussen.
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld kannt Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for surface hardening of stainless steels.
With some steels, in particular stainless steels of the high chromium and austenitic high chromium nickel groups, difficulties arise when using the nitriding process.
The corrosion-resistant properties of steels from the above groups are due to the presence of a thin oxide layer, usually referred to as a passivating layer. It has now been found that the difficulties observed so far when using the nitriding process on steels of the above type are due to the effect of the passivation layer, which largely reduces or completely prevents the penetration of nitrogen and its adsorption in the superficial layers of the alloy.
According to the invention, these difficulties are overcome in that the surface of such steels is treated with a reducing agent (e.g. nascent hydrogen) before nitriding, which is capable of removing the oxide layer without affecting the composition or the properties of the alloys.
The treatment of the alloy with the reducing agent is preferably carried out in this way. that the surface is pickled with an acid that releases hydrogen, such as hydrochloric acid. The same effect can be achieved if the steel is made, for example, the cathode in an electrolytic bath. Reduction by heating in a stream of hydrogen or in contact with any other known reducing agent can also be used for this purpose.
EMI1.1
Beginning of the nitriding process, the surface of the alloy with which the nitriding gas is brought into contact is in the vulnerable state that is brought about by the action of the acidic acid or some other reducing agent.
This can easily be achieved by starting nitriding immediately after cleaning the surface of the alloy and while it is still under the influence of the reducing agent.
The pretreatment according to the invention was applied, for example, to a stainless steel which contains 18% chromium and 80% nickel. The alloy was first subjected to the action of a pickling bath containing 50 "HCl. The workpieces were then washed in water, dried and placed in the nitriding furnace. The usual conditions were maintained during the nitriding, the temperature being approximately 500" C. These workpieces were then compared with others which had been subjected to the same nitriding process, but not pickled, it being shown that a substantial increase in the surface hardness was achieved by the measures according to the invention.
PATENT CLAIMS:
1. Process for surface hardening of stainless steels of the high chromium or austenitic high chromium nickel groups by nitriding, characterized in that the surface of the steel is previously treated with a reducing agent (e.g. nascent hydrogen) which is able to remove the oxide layer, without affecting the composition or the properties of the alloys in an undesirable manner.
** WARNING ** End of DESC field may overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT140193T | 1932-07-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT140193B true AT140193B (en) | 1935-01-10 |
Family
ID=3641025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT140193D AT140193B (en) | 1932-07-18 | 1932-07-18 | Process for surface hardening of stainless steels. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT140193B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2442223A (en) * | 1944-09-22 | 1948-05-25 | Gen Electric | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of chromium alloys |
| DE1229814B (en) * | 1957-06-22 | 1966-12-01 | Thyssen Huette Ag | Process for nitriding stainless chromium and chromium-nickel steels |
-
1932
- 1932-07-18 AT AT140193D patent/AT140193B/en active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2442223A (en) * | 1944-09-22 | 1948-05-25 | Gen Electric | Method of improving the corrosion resistance of chromium alloys |
| DE1229814B (en) * | 1957-06-22 | 1966-12-01 | Thyssen Huette Ag | Process for nitriding stainless chromium and chromium-nickel steels |
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