AT391206B - Method for economically obtaining xenon-krypton from air in large-scale operation - Google Patents
Method for economically obtaining xenon-krypton from air in large-scale operation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AT391206B AT391206B AT1048/85A AT104885A AT391206B AT 391206 B AT391206 B AT 391206B AT 1048/85 A AT1048/85 A AT 1048/85A AT 104885 A AT104885 A AT 104885A AT 391206 B AT391206 B AT 391206B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- krypton
- air
- xenon
- rectifying
- rectifying column
- Prior art date
Links
- PDEXVOWZLSWEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton xenon Chemical compound [Kr].[Xe] PDEXVOWZLSWEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
- F25J3/04963—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipment within or downstream of the fractionation unit(s)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
- F25J3/04745—Krypton and/or Xenon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Nr. 391 206No. 391 206
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur rationellen Ausbeutung von Xenon-Krypton aus der Luft im Großbetrieb, im Laufe dessen die Luft in einer Grundanlage, welche aus Reihenschaltungen von luftseparierenden Einheiten und aus mit diesem in Reihe geschalteten je zwei rektifizierenden Kolonnen besteht, eingeführt wird, wobei vom unteren Teil der zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonne ein flüssiges Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch mit 1000 ppm Konzentration gewonnen wird, und wobei von oberen Teilen der ersten und zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonnen das dort gesammelte (¾ Gas in die luftseparierende Einrichtung zurückgeführt wird.The invention relates to a method for the rational exploitation of xenon krypton from the air in large-scale operations, in the course of which the air is introduced in a basic system, which consists of series connections of air-separating units and two rectifying columns connected in series therewith A liquid krypton-xenon gas mixture with a concentration of 1000 ppm is obtained from the lower part of the second rectifying column, and the (¾ gas collected there is returned to the air-separating device from the upper parts of the first and second rectifying columns.
Wie bekannt, enthält die Luft 1,1 x 10'^ Volumenprozent Krypton und 8,0 x 10'^ Volumenprozent Xenon. Im Laufe der Separierung von Krypton-Xenon aus der Luft, verbleiben die Krypton-Xenon Gase fast in ihrem Gesamtvolumen in dem Sauerstoff, da ihre Kondensationstemperatur bedeutend höher istAs is known, the air contains 1.1 x 10 '^ volume percent krypton and 8.0 x 10 ^ volume percent xenon. In the course of the separation of krypton-xenon from the air, almost all of the krypton-xenon gases remain in the oxygen, since their condensation temperature is significantly higher
Bei den an sich bekannten Separierungsverfahren wird das Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch zuerst von dem Sauerstoff abgetrennt, und nach Reinigungsprozessen werden auch die Edelgase, d. h. das Xenon und Krypton voneinander separiertIn the separation processes known per se, the krypton-xenon gas mixture is first separated from the oxygen, and after purification processes, the noble gases, ie. H. the xenon and krypton separated from each other
Die Abtrennung des Sauerstoffes wird bei den an sich bekannten Verfahren folgenderweise durchgeführtThe separation of the oxygen is carried out as follows in the processes known per se
Am unteren Teil der zur Separierung der Luft dienenden Kolonne mit niedrigem Druck wird das Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch beinhaltende Sauerstoffgas mit einer Konzentration von ungefähr 5 ppm über zwei aufeinander folgende rektifizierende Kolonnen durchgeführt, wodurch als Ergebnis am unteren Teil der zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonne ein flüssiger Krypton-Xenon Gasstrom mit ca. 1000 ppm Konzentration erhalten wird. Es soll erwähnt werden, daß bei diesen an sich bekannten Verfahren das am oberen Teil der rektifizierenden Kolonnen gesammelte (¾ Gas in die luftseparierende Einrichtung zurückgeführt wird, wo am oberen Teil dieserAt the lower part of the low-pressure air separation column, the oxygen gas containing the krypton-xenon gas mixture is carried out at a concentration of about 5 ppm over two successive rectifying columns, as a result of which a liquid krypton gas is obtained at the lower part of the second rectifying column. Xenon gas stream with about 1000 ppm concentration is obtained. It should be mentioned that in these processes known per se, the gas collected at the upper part of the rectifying columns (¾ gas is returned to the air-separating device, where at the upper part thereof
Einrichtung reines (¾ Gas gewonnen wird.Setup pure (¾ gas is obtained.
Am unteren Teil der zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonne gewonnenes, Krypton-Xenon-hältiges flüssiges Gas wird nachher zwecks weiterer Reinigung in entsprechende Laboratorieneinrichtungen geleitet.Krypton-xenon-containing liquid gas obtained at the lower part of the second rectifying column is subsequently passed to corresponding laboratory facilities for further purification.
Aus den erwähnten zwei rektifizierenden Kolonnen kann die erste Kolonne in eine sogenannte "cold-box" eingebaut werden, welche in den Großbetrieben häufig verwendet wird.From the two rectifying columns mentioned, the first column can be converted into a so-called " cold box " installed, which is often used in large companies.
Wie bekannt, besteht die Grundeinrichtung in Großbetrieben aus mehreren, miteinander parallel geschalteten Fertigungslinien, die je einzeln aus einer Luftreinigungseinrichtung und mit dieser in Reihenschaltung angeschlossen zwei rektifizierenden Kolonnen ausgestattet sind.As is known, the basic device in large companies consists of a plurality of production lines connected in parallel, each of which is individually equipped with an air purification device and two rectifying columns connected in series.
Die zweite rektifizierende Kolonne ist in den Hauptanlagen der Großbetriebe zumeist in eine mit Eisenbeton umhüllte "cold-box" eingebaut, weil die Explosionsgefahr des mit Kohlenwasserstoff angereicherten Gasstroms immer in Betracht gezogen sein muß.The second rectifying column in the main plants of the large companies is usually enclosed in a " cold-box " installed because the risk of explosion of the hydrocarbon-enriched gas stream must always be taken into account.
In der oben beschriebenen, an sich bekannten Ausbeutungstechnologie reichert sich das Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch in der ersten rektifizierenden Kolonne an, da dieses sich vom großen Teil des Sauerstoffes separiert. Am Bodenteil der ersten rektifizierenden Kolonne enthält jedoch das Xenon-Krypton-Gasgemisch noch immer eine bedeutende Menge an Sauerstoff, demzufolge die Anwendung der zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonne unerläßlich ist. Am Bodenteil der zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonne sammelt sich das Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch im flüssigen Zustand und mit einer Konzentration von 1000 ppm, welches aus diesem Bodenteil der zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonne zwecks weiterer Reinigung ausgeführt sein kann. Das am Kopf der ersten und zweiten rektifizierenden Kolonnen gesammelte O2 Gas wird in die luftseparierende Einrichtung zurückgeführt, und am Kopf kann derreine Sauerstoff gewonnen werden.In the known exploitation technology described above, the krypton-xenon gas mixture accumulates in the first rectifying column, since this separates from the major part of the oxygen. At the bottom of the first rectifying column, however, the xenon-krypton gas mixture still contains a significant amount of oxygen, so the use of the second rectifying column is essential. At the bottom part of the second rectifying column, the krypton-xenon gas mixture collects in the liquid state and with a concentration of 1000 ppm, which can be carried out from this bottom part of the second rectifying column for further purification. The O2 gas collected at the top of the first and second rectifying columns is returned to the air separator and the pure oxygen can be recovered at the top.
Der große Nachteil des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens zur Ausbeutung von Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch im Großbetrieb besteht darin, daß die in den parallel angeordneten Fertigungslinien der Grundeinrichtung vorhandenen rektifizierenden Kolonnen einen zu hohen Kostenaufwand beanspruchen, da die Umhüllung dieser Kolonnen mit Eisenbeton, und die gegebenenfalls nötige Schätzung zur Verhinderung einer eventuellen Explosionsgefahr kostspielige Maßnahmen beanspruchen, welche mit einem großen Raumbedarf verbunden sind.The major disadvantage of the above-described process for the exploitation of krypton-xenon gas mixture in large-scale operations is that the rectifying columns present in the parallel production lines of the basic device take up too much of an expense, since the covering of these columns with reinforced concrete and the necessary estimation, if necessary To prevent a possible risk of explosion, take costly measures which are associated with a large space requirement.
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß in der Großbetriebsherstellung des Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisches, wo wenigstens zwei oder mehrere, miteinander parallel geschaltete luftseparierende Einrichtungen verwendet werden, der Kostenaufwand bedeutend absinkt, und der Wirkungsgrad bzw. die Ökonomie der Gewinnung verbessert, d. h. das gewonnene spezifische Gasvolumen erhöht werden kann, falls erfindungsgemäß bei den parallel geschalteten luftseparierenden Einrichtungen der Grundlage die aus der ersten rektifizierenden Kolonne ausgeleiteten Gasströme miteinander vereinigt, in eine zweite gemeinsame rektifizierende Kolonne weitergeleitet werden, und daß die in dieser Weise vereinigten Gasströme in der zweiten gemeinsamen rektifizierenden Kolonne gemeinsam rektifiziert werden.The invention is based on the knowledge that in the large-scale production of the krypton-xenon gas mixture, where at least two or more air-separating devices connected in parallel are used, the cost is significantly reduced and the efficiency or the economy of extraction is improved, i. H. the specific gas volume obtained can be increased if, in accordance with the invention, the gas streams discharged from the first rectifying column are combined with one another in the parallel air-separating devices and are passed on to a second common rectifying column, and that the gas streams thus combined are passed on in the second common one rectifying column are rectified together.
Die Erfindung betrifft also ein Verfahren gemäß der eingangs genannten Art, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß vom unteren Teil der ersten rektifizierenden Kolonne (I) das Krypton-Xenon-C^ Gasgemisch, dessen Konzentration ca. 5 ppm beträgt, zwecks weiterer Rektifizierung bzw. zwecks Separierung des Sauerstoffs und des Krypton-Xenon-Gasgemisches in eine gemeinsame rektifizierende Kolonne (Üa) geleitet wird, von welcher das Krypton-Xenon Gasgemisch am unteren Teil in flüssigem Zustand mit einer Konzentration von ca. 1000 ppm zwecks weiterer Reinigung bzw. Sauerstoffabscheidung in eine weitere Kolonne (üb) geleitet wird.The invention thus relates to a method according to the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the krypton-xenon-C ^ gas mixture, the concentration of which is approximately 5 ppm, from the lower part of the first rectifying column (I) for the purpose of further rectification or for the purpose of separating the oxygen and the krypton-xenon gas mixture is passed into a common rectifying column (Üa), of which the krypton-xenon gas mixture is in a liquid state at the lower part with a concentration of approx. 1000 ppm for further purification or oxygen separation in another column (ü) is passed.
Das Wesen des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung liegt darin, daß bei jeder luftseparierenden Einrichtung eine erste rektifizierende Kolonne gebraucht wird. Als zweite Kolonne wird jedoch nur eine gemeinsame Kolonne für -2-The essence of the process according to the invention is that a first rectifying column is used in each air-separating device. However, only a common column for -2- is used as the second column.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU45885A HUT39401A (en) | 1985-02-07 | 1985-02-07 | Process for racionalizing separation of mixture of cripton-xenon from air in large-scale production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATA104885A ATA104885A (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| AT391206B true AT391206B (en) | 1990-09-10 |
Family
ID=10949688
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT1048/85A AT391206B (en) | 1985-02-07 | 1985-04-05 | Method for economically obtaining xenon-krypton from air in large-scale operation |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT391206B (en) |
| HU (1) | HUT39401A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT110962B (en) * | 1918-07-17 | 1928-10-25 | Barbet & Fils & Cie E | Process for rectifying the mixture of noble gases obtained when air is broken down into its components. |
| AT134751B (en) * | 1931-11-14 | 1933-09-25 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Process for extracting air components with a higher boiling point than oxygen |
| DE2814464B2 (en) * | 1978-04-04 | 1981-04-02 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Process for separating at least two higher-boiling gaseous components from a lower-boiling carrier gas or carrier gas mixture by low-temperature rectification |
-
1985
- 1985-02-07 HU HU45885A patent/HUT39401A/en unknown
- 1985-04-05 AT AT1048/85A patent/AT391206B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT110962B (en) * | 1918-07-17 | 1928-10-25 | Barbet & Fils & Cie E | Process for rectifying the mixture of noble gases obtained when air is broken down into its components. |
| AT134751B (en) * | 1931-11-14 | 1933-09-25 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Process for extracting air components with a higher boiling point than oxygen |
| DE2814464B2 (en) * | 1978-04-04 | 1981-04-02 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Process for separating at least two higher-boiling gaseous components from a lower-boiling carrier gas or carrier gas mixture by low-temperature rectification |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA104885A (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| HUT39401A (en) | 1986-09-29 |
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| ELJ | Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| EEIH | Change in the person of patent owner |