AT515892A2 - Outdoor heating house with heat recovery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an outdoor heating system having a combined combustion chamber for burning pellets and / or wood, a lighter for firing the pellets and / or wood, a chimney communicating with the combustion chamber for discharging the combustion generated Exhaust gases, a pellet tank and / or a wood storage for storing the pellets and / or wood and an air supply device for supplying fresh air into the combustion chamber. The heating system is characterized in that a thermally coupled to the combustion chamber ventilation duct is connected to the air supply, so that preheated fresh air is supplied to the combustion chamber. According to a further embodiment, the heating system is characterized in that the air supply device is connected to a thermally coupled to the chimney section, so that the exhaust gases cooled in the fireplace and the supplied fresh air are heated.

Description

10/12/2014 Austrian patent application

Bruno Lehner

LBR1001PAT

Heating system for outdoor operation with heat recovery

The invention relates to a heating system for outdoor operation according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to the preamble of claim 13.

Heating systems that almost completely utilize the energy content of the fuel used are known as condensing boilers. With the condensing boilers used in condensing boilers, it is possible to cool the exhaust gases to the extent that the heat of condensation of the water vapor contained in the exhaust gas can be used to provide heat. In this way, fossil fuels and thus energy during heating can be saved. However, the previously known use of condensing heaters is limited to the installation inside buildings, which are usually installed in the basement of a building. If a building is to be retrofitted with condensing heating, this installation can prove to be very complex and entail considerable costs. A fireplace renovation is necessary when converting to a condensing heating in order to adapt the fireplace to the changed requirements. In addition, fire protection modifications are necessary and there is considerable space for the storage of the fuel, such as wood, pellets, gas or oil, needed in the building.

The invention has the object of developing a heating system of the previously known type such that a heating system is provided which is constructed by means of a suction of fresh air such that the heating system can be operated outdoors, which facilitates the complexity of retrofitting , Saves space in the corresponding building and costs during conversion.

This object is achieved by a heating system for outdoor operation according to claim 1 and according to claim 13.

Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The outdoor heating system according to the invention has a combined combustion chamber, a lighter, a fireplace, a pellet tank and / or wood storage and an air supply. The combustion chamber is designed for burning pellets and / or wood as fuel. The pellet tank and / or the wood storage in which each of the pellets and / or the wood are stored provide the pellets and / or wood needed for combustion. The lighter is provided to fire the pellets and / or the wood. A chimney communicating with the combustion chamber discharges the exhaust gases generated during combustion. The air supply device supplies the fresh air required for the combustion of the combustion chamber.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a ventilation shaft, which is thermally coupled to the combustion chamber, is connected to the air supply device, so that preheated fresh air is supplied to the combustion chamber. During the combustion process in the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber radiates heat to its surroundings and thus heats the fresh air outside the combustion chamber. This heat is also delivered to the thermally coupled to the combustion chamber ventilation shaft. Due to this heat emitted, the outside of the combustion chamber already heated fresh air is sucked into the ventilation shaft and thus even hotter due to the prevailing in the ventilation shaft heat through the ventilation shaft. The hot fresh air is then fed via the air supply to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber requires less energy for combustion due to this supplied and already preheated fresh air. In addition, fuel can be saved.

The combustion of a heating system can be improved with the heat recovery according to the invention. Therefore, in addition, an increase in the efficiency of a heating system according to the invention can be ensured. The arrangement and operation of the heating system outdoors, it is also possible to store the pellets and the wood outdoors, which saves considerable space in the building. So also dirt and dust when adding pellets and / or wood and their subsequent combustion and the gases produced during combustion remain outdoors and can be avoided in the building.

Advantageously, a housing is provided which encloses the combustion chamber.

The housing protects the combustion chamber and the associated devices from the environmental influences, so that the heating system can be arranged outdoors. Between the combustion chamber and the housing, a gap is formed in which fresh air is located. This fresh air is heated by the heat radiation of the combustion chamber during combustion. The ventilation shaft opens into the space between the housing and the combustion chamber so that the preheated air in the intermediate space is sucked in by the ventilation shaft. The housing is cooled by the intake of preheated fresh air from its interior, as from the outside of the housing cooler fresh air can penetrate into the housing. The fresh air in the housing is thus continuously in motion,

In a preferred embodiment, the housing has openings in a lower area and is substantially sealed above these openings. Through these openings cool fresh air from outside the housing can penetrate into its interior. From the openings to the top, the housing is tight, so that the heated by the heat radiation of the combustion chamber air does not escape from the housing and so no heat energy can be lost. The apertured region is preferably located adjacent a front of an ash tray of the combustor so that the air drawn in from outside the housing first flows upward along the ash tray and the combustor. Thus, the fresh air penetrating through the openings in the housing is preheated on the way up to be sucked by the ventilation shaft preheated.

Advantageously, a portion of the ventilation duct is provided on an upper side of the combustion chamber. The section of the ventilation shaft is preferably designed as a flat ventilation shaft, which extends at the top of the combustion chamber. The radiated from the combustion chamber at its top heat passes directly into the ventilation shaft. The ventilation shaft opens with an opening for the intake of air above the combustion chamber. The opening for sucking air is connected to the air supply means via which the sucked, preheated fresh air is supplied to the combustion chamber.

In an advantageous development, the ventilation shaft has a section thermally coupled to the chimney. The preheated fresh air is sucked into the ventilation shaft. This preheated air is still cooler than the hot exhaust gases that can escape through the fireplace from the combustion chamber. The thermally coupled to the chimney section of the ventilation duct leads past the fireplace, so that the fresh air sucked cools the fireplace and heated enters the ventilation shaft. Advantageously, the thermally coupled to the chimney portion of the ventilation duct is at least formed as a tube and / or as a sleeve. The tube and / or cuff is passed around the chimney or through the chimney to the burner. When used as intended, the air will be drawn into the part of the ventilation duct above the combustion chamber via a tube in the ventilation duct and over the cuff, which is arranged around the chimney. The sucked fresh air flowing through the cuff, has a cooling effect on the chimney and transports the heat of the exhaust gases in addition to the arranged above the combustion chamber portion of the ventilation shaft. The fresh air that enters the ventilation shaft is thereby even hotter, before it is fed via the air supply to the combustion chamber. The cooling of the fireplace continues to cause a better draft effect of the fireplace. The exhaust gases can therefore be better transported away. In addition, it allows the operation of the heating system outdoors, especially in an arrangement with the chimney on the south side, in southern areas or in Föhngebieten.

In an advantageous development, the air supply device has a fan for supplying the preheated fresh air into the combustion chamber. The fan of the air supply device conveys the preheated air from the ventilation shaft via the air supply device into the combustion chamber. The heat generated during combustion in the combustion chamber, this is fed back as energy. In this way, the energy required for the combustion and thus also fuel in the form of pellets and / or wood can be saved. The saving of fuel also has a positive effect on the environment. Furthermore, an improvement of the combustion can be ensured, which also increases the efficiency of the heating system.

The sucked, passed by the fireplace fresh air on the chimney has a cooling effect of about 20 ° C to 25 ° C. As a result, the pulling action of the fireplace can be significantly increased. This makes for a diameter of the chimney, for example, 100 mm to 200 mm, preferably from 130 mm to 160 mm, an increase in the tensile effect of about 4 Pa from. Due to this improved tensile effect, the heating system according to the invention can also manage without a fan. This operation is also applicable to other heating systems, e.g. Heating systems that heat with oil, logs, wood chips, coal, transferable. In particular, the inner diameter of the chimney can be made small, if a corresponding cooling is provided.

Advantageously, a heat exchanger is provided. The heat exchanger is coupled to a circuit with a liquid heat carrier. The liquid heat carrier is preferably water. This water is heated with the heat generated during combustion in the combustion chamber. The heated water is piped to the building to heat it.

In an advantageous development of the heat transfer medium is a mixture of water and antifreeze. Since the heating system and the lines that transport the heated heat carrier to the building to be heated are located outdoors, the water should be prevented from freezing during the winter months. Therefore, it is advantageous to mix the water with antifreeze.

Advantageously, a plate is provided on which the pellets to be burned can be arranged. The pellets placed on the plate are lighted by the lighter. The plate has at least one coupled to the circuit for the heat transfer channel, so that the plate is cooled by the heat carrier. The heat transfer medium is conducted past the plate before the heat transfer medium in the combustion chamber is heated. Thus, the heat transfer medium in the channel cools the plate while the pellets burn on the plate. Part of the heat that is produced when the pellets burn, is therefore not already discharged through the plate. Due to the cooling of the plate, excessive development of dust during firing can be avoided.

In an advantageous development, a grate is provided, on which the wood to be burned is arranged. The wood is preferably ignited either by the pellets ignited by the lighter or by the lighter itself. The combustion process in the combustion chamber is not limited to the use of a particular fuel. It can take place either with pellets, with wood, briquettes, Mischkkantus, elephant grass or with pellets and wood. If a fuel for the heating system is scarce, the combustion can be carried out with the corresponding other fuel. The pellet storage tank and the wood storage tank are both arranged in the heating system, so that the pellets and the wood are available as fuel directly at the combustion chamber.

Advantageously, a catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas is provided. The catalyst is not regulated under normal use. Due to the cooled plate and the lower amount of dust no catalyst controlled with a lambda probe is necessary. The electronics in the heating system can be limited. Any resulting maintenance work can therefore be carried out by the owner himself. It is not necessary to commission a technician specialized in the heating system with maintenance.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a heating system has a combined combustion chamber for burning pellets and / or wood, a heat exchanger coupled to the combustion chamber, and a closed heat circuit in which a liquid heat carrier can be guided. The circuit is formed of lines for guiding the heat carrier at a pressure of at least 1.8 bar to 3.0 bar. The heat transfer medium is pressurized so that the heat carrier in the building to be heated can overcome a height difference of a few meters, preferably at least three meters. So it can be achieved that also higher floors can be heated and not only the floor, which is located on the same level as the heating system.

Advantageously, the heating system has a pressure relief valve. In an advantageous development, the pressure relief valve is designed such that it opens at a threshold of 1.8 bar to 3.0 bar to prevent damage to the heating system. Exceeding the pressure in the heat transfer medium takes place when the heat transfer medium is excessively heated and expands, because, for example, there is no customer for the heat transported with the heat transfer medium. This is the case, for example, when the heating in the building is switched off. Preferably, an overflow tank is disposed adjacent to the pressure relief valve to accept the heat carrier. The overflow tank, for example, has a capacity of about 25 liters to 35 liters. If the water expands because it is too hot due to a missing consumer and exceeds, for example, 110 ° C, a thermal discharge safety device reacts and cold water flows into the closed circuit of the heat carrier. The excess water then flows into the overflow tank. If this outflow into the overflow tank is insufficient with respect to a reduction in the pressure of the heat carrier, the pressure relief valve opens from a pressure of, for example, preferably 2.5 bar. The pressure in the heat carrier is lowered further in this way. In the known from the prior art pressureless condensing boilers, the heat transfer fluid usually flows into the environment. Is the heat exchanger according to the invention eir. Mixture of water and antifreeze, the discharge into the environment at negative pressure has a negative impact on the environment. This can be avoided with an overflow tank.

Advantageously, a pressure gauge for detecting a pressure of the heat carrier is provided. If the pressure in the heat carrier is too low, a pressure device is provided for applying a pressure to the heat carrier. In an advantageous development, the pressure device has at least one pump in order to pressurize the heat carrier. If the pressure in the heat transfer medium determined with the manometer is lower than 1.8 bar, the pump pressurizes the heat transfer medium until the necessary pressure is reached.

Advantageously, at least one heat exchanger in a building can be coupled to the closed circuit of the heat carrier. The heated heat transfer medium is directed to the building and releases the heat absorbed by the heat exchanger at the heat exchanger to the water of a heater. The building is heated. Since the heat transfer medium is pressurized, it is possible to arrange the heat exchanger in the building on a higher floor. The pressure in the heat transfer medium makes it possible to overcome a height of at least three meters.

In an advantageous embodiment, a plurality of heat exchangers are coupled to the heat cycle, each to supply a consumer heat. Accordingly, it is not necessary to provide a distribution loop which distributes the heat once transported to the building to various parties in a building, especially a residential office building. Each party can receive a separate customer with a corresponding own heat exchanger directly to the heated heat transfer medium from the heating system. For example, a heating system with a capacity of 45 kw can supply two apartments with a demand of 20 kw and 25 kw.

The invention will be illustrated by way of example with reference to eight drawings. Hereby show:

1 shows a detail of a heating system according to the invention;

Fig. 2: the detail of the heating system according to the invention from a further

Perspective,

Fig. 3: the cut of the heating system according to the invention from another

Perspective;

Fig. 4: the detail of the heating system according to the invention in one

Side view;

Fig. 5: the heating system according to the invention without ventilation shaft and without

trim;

Fig. 6: the heating system according to the invention without ventilation shaft and without

Disguise from another perspective;

Fig. 7: the heating system according to the invention partly with cladding;

Fig. 8: the heating system according to the invention completely covered.

A heating system 1 for outdoor operation comprises in a preferred embodiment a combined combustion chamber 2, a burner 3, a lighter (not shown), a chimney 4, a pellet tank 5 and / or wood storage (not shown) and an air supply 7 ( Fig. 1 to 8).

The combustion chamber 2 is designed for burning pellets and / or wood as fuel. In the present embodiment, a combustion chamber door 8 and an ash tray 9 are provided on a front side 10 of the combustion chamber 2 (FIG. 1). The combustion chamber door 8 is preferably arranged above the ash tray 9 (FIG. 1). The ash tray 9 covers in a closed state an ash drawer and a ventilation grille (not shown).

On a left side 11 of the combustion chamber 2, a burner 3 is provided. The burner 3 is connected via a pipe 12 to the combustion chamber 2. On an upper side 13 of the burner 3, an opening 14 is provided (FIG. 5). In the opening 14, a tube 15 is attached. This tube 15 connects the burner 3 with a

Worm drive 16 (FIG. 5). The worm drive 16 is connected to the pellet tank 5 and allows the transport of the pellets from the pellet tank 5 in aen burner 3 and further into the combustion chamber 2. Between the combustion chamber 2 and the pellet tank 5, a partition wall 6 is provided as insulation.

On a rear side 17 of the combustion chamber 2, the fireplace 4 is mounted. The chimney 4 is communicatively connected to the combustion chamber 2 via an opening 18 in order to remove the exhaust gases resulting from the combustion of the pellets and / or the wood from the combustion chamber 2. The chimney is formed of an inner tube and an outer tube, wherein there is insulation between the inner tube and the outer tube. The chimney 4 has a plurality of connecting sleeves 49 and a pipe section 50. On the pipe section 50, a pull and explosion flap 51 is attached.

The heating system 1 according to the invention has a ventilation shaft for supplying fresh air to the burner 3. The ventilation shaft has a ventilation shaft 20 which is arranged on the upper side 19 of the combustion chamber 2 and is thermally coupled to the combustion chamber 2. The ventilation shaft 20 has an opening 27 (FIG. 1) through which fresh air can enter the ventilation shaft 20. At the opening 27 diametrically opposite side of the ventilation shaft 20 is connected to a pipe 22.

The tube 22 is formed as a T-piece and connected on the one hand with a sleeve 23 and on the other hand with an air supply pipe 7. The sleeve 23 encloses the chimney 4 and is sealed with its upper and lower edges in each case with annular webs 24 relative to the chimney 4. The sleeve 23 encloses the inner tube of the chimney 4. The sleeve can be provided on the outside with an insulating layer. Preferably, the chimney 24 having the chimney portion is formed as a one-piece segment, which has the inner tube, the sleeve 23 and an outer tube segment, wherein there is insulation between the outer tube segment and the sleeve.

The sleeve 24 thus forms a cavity extending around the chimney. At the pipe 22 diametrically opposite side of the sleeve 23, a fresh air pipe 21 is connected to the sleeve 24 communicating with this. The fresh air tube 21 extends a piece down. This is expedient, because in the lower part is cooler air that can be sucked through the fresh air pipe 21 and led to the sleeve 24. In the cuff 23, the fresh air is heated. The sleeve 23 thus forms a heat exchanger, with which the supplied fresh air is heated and the exhaust gases discharged through the chimney 4 are cooled.

The ventilation shaft 20 of the ventilation shaft likewise forms a heat exchanger with the combustion chamber, wherein the heat emitted at the top from the combustion chamber is absorbed by the fresh air flowing through the ventilation shaft 20. This fresh air is thus preheated. The preheated from the ventilation shaft 20 and the sleeve 23 fresh air is brought together on the T-shaped pipe section 22 and guided through the air supply pipe 7 down to the burner 3. The burner 3 thus preheated fresh air is supplied.

In this context, it is advantageous that the opening 27 of the ventilation shaft 20 is arranged above or at the upper region of the combustion chamber 2, in particular when a housing 28 is provided around the combustion chamber 2, since then the air heated by the waste heat of the combustion chamber 2 accumulates in the upper region of the housing and is sucked by the ventilation shaft 20 of the ventilation shaft.

Preferably, both heat exchanger, ventilation shaft 20 and sleeve 23 are provided in the heating system 1. In the context of the invention, however, it is also possible to provide only a single one of the two heat exchangers.

The sleeve 23 serves not only the heating of the supplied fresh air, but also the cooling of the exhaust gases guided in the chimney 4. By cooling the exhaust gases by means of the sleeve 23, the exhaust gases are cooled, especially at the peripheral region of the chimney 4, whereby in the edge region of the chimney a slower flow velocity and in the center of the chimney in which the exhaust gases are hot, forms a higher flow velocity. This increases the draft in the center of the chimney, resulting in a greater draft overall.

With the sleeve 23, the exhaust gases can be cooled by 20 to 25 ° C. With a chimney diameter of about 100 to 200 mm, the draw ratio is increased to about 4 Pa.

The air supply pipe 7 couples the ventilation duct with the burner 3 in order to supply the combustion chamber 2 with the fresh air required for combustion. The air supply device 7 comprises a blower 25. This blower 25 is attached to the partition wall 6 with a flange connection 26. The tube of the air supply device 7 preferably leads from the ventilation shaft through the dividing wall 6 through the blower 26 to the burner 3.

In the combustion chamber 2 of the lighter is provided (not shown). Furthermore, the plate on which the pellets can be placed and the grid on which the wood can be manually placed in the combustion chamber 2 are provided in the combustion chamber 2 (not shown).

A heat transfer medium is guided in a closed circuit in the heating system 1. The heat carrier is in the present embodiment, a mixture of water and antifreeze. The antifreeze prevents the water in the winter months from freezing in the pipes arranged outdoors. The closed circuit is coupled to the combustion chamber 2 by a heat exchanger (not shown). The plate on which the pellets can be arranged has at least one channel coupled to the circuit for the heat carrier. The water is led past the plate, so that the plate is cooled by the water. For burning either pellets, wood or pellets and wood is used.

The pellets are ignited in the combustion chamber 2 with the lighter. The wood is ignited in the combustion chamber 2 either by the pellets or by the lighter. Before the water is heated in the closed loop heat exchanger in the combustion chamber 2, it is directed past the channel which is coupled to the plate (not shown). So it cools the plate while the pellets burn on the plate. The heat, the bem firing of the pellets arises, is partially dissipated through the plate. Due to the cooling of the divider, excessive development of dust during firing can be avoided.

The heat generated during combustion in the combustion chamber 2 heats the water in the closed circuit. The combustion chamber 2 radiates some of the heat generated during the combustion, which is not absorbed by the water in the closed circuit, to their environment. The fresh air outside the combustion chamber 2 is heated thereby.

In the above-described embodiment, a blower 25 is provided. Be: optimal setting of the train in the fireplace, the heating system 1 may be formed without a fan. In this case, it is expedient to provide a cooling of the chimney 4, as it is realized by the sleeve 23 in the present embodiment.

The combustion process of a heating system 1 can be improved with the heat recovery according to the invention. Therefore, in addition, an increase in the efficiency of a heating system 1 according to the invention can be achieved. The arrangement and operation of the heating system 1 outdoors, it is also possible to store the pellets and the wood outdoors, which saves considerable space in the building. So also dirt and dust when adding pellets and / or wood and their subsequent combustion as well as the resulting in aem combustion process gases remain outdoors and can be avoided in the building.

The heating system 1 has a housing 28 which encloses the combustion chamber 2 (FIGS. 5 to 8). The housing 28 protects the combustion chamber 2 and the associated devices from the environmental influences, so that the heating system 1 can be arranged outdoors. The housing 28 has adjustable feet 36 and in the present embodiment comprises a framework 2S. Scaffolding structure 29 is clad with a side wall cladding 30, a roof 33, two service openings 34 and a door 35 (Figures 7 and 8).

The service openings 34 can be opened to fold up and serve as control hatches. The door 35 ensures the accessibility of the interior of the heating system 1. The combustion chamber door 8 and the ash tray 9 can only be opened when the door 35 is open. At the scaffold construction 29, a leveling foot 37 is provided. The adjustable foot 37 comprises a support plate 38, on which the chimney 4 is mounted and securely fastened to the framework construction 29 via a wall mount 39 (FIGS. 6 and 7).

Between the combustion chamber 2 and the housing 28, a gap 31 is formed in which fresh air is located (not shown). This fresh air is heated by the heat radiation of the combustion chamber 2 during the Verorennungsvorgangs. The ventilation shaft opens into the intermediate space 31 between the housing 28 and the combustion chamber 2, so that the heated air located in the intermediate space 31 is sucked in via the tube 21 of the ventilation shaft or the ventilation shaft 20 of the ventilation shaft. The housing 28 is cooled by the intake of preheated fresh air from its interior, since from outside the housing 28 cooler fresh air can penetrate into the interior of the housing 28.

The housing 28 in the present embodiment has openings 32 in a lower region (not shown) and is sealed above these openings 32. The openings 32 are preferably mounted in the double door 35. Through these openings 32 cool fresh air from outside the housing 28 can penetrate into its interior. From the openings 32 at the top, the housing 28 is substantially dense, so that the heated by the heat radiation of the combustion chamber 2 air hardly escape from the housing 28 and so no heat energy can be lost. The area comprising the openings 32 is preferably arranged adjacent to a front side of an ash tray 9 of the combustion chamber 2, so that the air sucked from outside the housing 28 first flows along the ash tray 9 to the rear side of the combustion chamber 2 and from there along the rear side and along a chimney 4 flows upwards.

A catalytic converter is provided for purifying the exhaust gas (not shown) The catalytic converter is not regulated Due to the cooled plate and the reduced amount of dust, no lambda probe controlled catalyst is required The electronics in the heating system 1 can be so simple Maintenance work can therefore be carried out by the owner himself and it is not necessary to commission a technician specialized in the heating system 1 with the maintenance.

The closed circuit is formed of lines for guiding the water at a pressure of at least 1.8 bar to 3.0 bar. The water is pressurized so that it can overcome a height difference of a few meters, preferably at least three meters, in a building to be heated. So can be achieved that even higher floors can be heated directly and not only the floor, which is located on the same level as the heating system 1. For this purpose, a printing device is provided. The pressure device in the present embodiment is a pump (not shown) which pressurizes the water. A pressure gauge is provided for detecting the pressure of the water (not shown). If the pressure of the water detected with the manometer is lower than 1.8 bar, the pump pressurizes the water until the necessary pressure is reached.

In the present embodiment, the heating circuit has a pressure relief valve (not shown). The pressure relief valve is designed such that it opens at a threshold of 1.8 bar to 3.0 bar to prevent damage to the heating system 1. Exceeding the pressure in the water takes place when the water expands, for example, because there is no customer for the heat transported with the water. This is the case, for example, when the heating in the building is switched off. Preferably, an overflow tank 40 is disposed adjacent to the pressure relief valve to receive the water. The overflow tank, for example, has a capacity of about 25 liters to 35 liters. If the water expands because it is too hot due to a missing consumer and exceeds, for example, 110 ° C., the excess pressure opens and the excess water subsequently flows into the overflow tank 40

In addition, an automatic cold water supply 41 may be provided, with the overheating of the heat carrier and / or at high pressure of the heat carrier cold fresh water is einpesoeist into the heat cycle, whereby the temperature of the heat carrier is lowered. Excess water can escape at the pressure relief valve and drain into the overflow tank 40.

In the pressureless heating systems known from the prior art, the heat transfer medium usually flows into the environment. If the heat transfer medium according to the invention is a mixture of water and antifreeze, the outflow into the environment at negative pressure has a negative effect on the environment. This can be avoided with an overflow tank.

At least one heat exchanger in a building can be coupled to the closed circuit of the heat carrier. The heated heat transfer medium is directed to the building and releases the heat received in the combustion at the heat exchanger to the water of a heater. The building is heated. Since the heat transfer medium is pressurized, it is possible to arrange the heat exchanger in the building on a higher floor. The pressure in the heat transfer medium makes it possible to overcome a height of at least three meters. Preferably, a plurality of heat exchangers are coupled to the heat cycle in order to supply heat to a respective consumer. It is therefore not necessary to provide a distribution circuit which distributes the heat once transported to the building to various parties in a building, especially in a residential or office building. Each party can receive as a separate customer with a corresponding own heat exchanger directly the heated heat carrier from the heating system.

Reference number 1 Heating system 25 23 Collar 2 Combustion chamber 24 Ring lands 3 Burners 25 Blower 4 Chimney 26 Flange 5 Pellet tank 27 Flange connection 6 Partition 30 28 Housing 7 Air supply pipe 29 Scaffolding construction 8 Combustor door 30 Sidewall lining 9 Ash drawer 31 Space 10 Front 32 Opening 11 Right side 35 33 Roof 12 Pipe 34 Service opening 13 Top 35 T0r 14 Opening 36 Adjustable adjustable foot 15 Pipe 37 Leveling foot 16 Worm drive 40 38 Supporting tarpaulin 17 Rear 39 Wall bracket 18 Opening 40 Overflow tank 19 Top 41 Cold water inlet 20 Ventilation shaft 49 Connecting collar 21 Fresh air tube 45 50 Pipe section 22 Pipe 51 Tension and explosion flap

Claims (19)

Austrian patent application Bruno Lehner LBR1001PAT Claims 1. A heating system for outdoor use with a combined combustion chamber (2) for burning pellets and / or wood, a lighter for firing the pellets and / or wood, communicating with the combustion chamber (2). connected chimney (4j for discharging the exhaust gases generated during combustion, a Peilettank (5) and / or a wood storage for storing the pellets and / or wood, and an air supply means (7) for supplying fresh air into the combustion chamber (2), characterized in that a ventilation shaft (20) thermally coupled to the combustion chamber (2) is connected to the de " air supply means (7), so that preheated fresh air is supplied to the combustion chamber (2). 2. Heating system according to claim 1, characterized by a housing (28) which encloses the combustion chamber (2), wherein between the combustion chamber (2) and the housing (28), a gap (31) is formed, wherein the ventilation shaft in this space (31) opens, so that in the space (31) located air is sucked from the ventilation shaft. 3. Heating system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing (28) in a lower region openings (32) and above these openings (32) is substantially dense, wherein the openings (32; AuTweisende area preferably adjacent is arranged to a front side of an ash tray (9) of the combustion chamber (2), so that the air sucked from outside the housing (28) flows first along the ash tray (9) to the rear side (17) of the combustion chamber (2) and from there along the back (17) and along a chimney (4) flows upwards. 4. Heating system according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that a portion (20) of the ventilation duct on an upper side (19) of the combustion chamber (2) is provided and the ventilation shaft with an opening (27) for sucking air above the combustion chamber (2) opens 5. heating system for outdoor use, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 4, with a combined combustion chamber (2) for burning pellets and / or Hoiz, a lighter for firing the pellets and / or of the wood, communicating with the Combustion chamber (2) associated chimney (4) for removing the exhaust gases generated during combustion, a pellet tank (5) and / or a wood storage for storing the pellets and / or the wood, and an air supply means (7) for supplying fresh air into the Combustion chamber (2), characterized in that the air supply device has a section (23) thermally coupled to the chimney (4). 6. Heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that the thermally with the chimney (4) coupled portion of the ventilation duct is formed at least as a tube (22) and / or as a sleeve (23), wherein the tube (22) and / / or the collar (23) is passed around the chimney (4) or through the chimney (4) to a burner (3). 7. Heating installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the air supply device (7) has a blower (25) for supplying the preheated fresh air into the combustion chamber (2). 8. Heating system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a heat exchanger is provided, which is coupled to a circuit with a liquid heat carrier. 9. Heating system according to claim 8, characterized in that the heat transfer medium is a mixture of water and antifreeze. 10. Heating system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plate is provided, on which the pellets to be burned can be arranged, wherein the plate has at least one coupled with a circuit for a heat transfer channel, so that the plate through the Heat transfer medium is cooled. 11. Heating system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a grate is provided, on which the wood to be burned is arranged. 12. Heating system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas is provided. 13. Heating system for outdoor use, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 12, with a combined combustion chamber (2) for burning pellets and / or wood, one with the combustion chamber (2) coupled heat exchanger, a closed heat cycle, in the a liquid heat carrier can be performed, wherein the circuit is formed of lines for guiding the heat carrier at a pressure of at least 1.8 bar to 3.0 bar. 14. Heating system according to claim 13, characterized in that the heating system (1) has a pressure relief valve, wherein preferably adjacent to the pressure relief valve, an overflow tank (40) is arranged to receive the heat transfer medium. 15. Heating system according to claim 14, characterized in that the pressure relief valve is designed such that it opens at a threshold value of 1.8 bar to 3.0 bar. 16. Heating system according to claim 13 to 15, characterized in that a pressure gauge for detecting a pressure of the heat carrier is provided, wherein a pressure device is provided for applying the heat transfer medium with a pressure. 17. Heating system according to claim 16, characterized in that the pressure device has at least one pump in order to pressurize the heat carrier. 18. Heating system according to claim 13 to 17, characterized in that at least one heat exchanger can be coupled in a building to the closed circuit of the heat carrier. 19. Heating system according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that a plurality of heat exchangers are coupled to the heat cycle in order to supply heat to a respective consumer.