AT518575A2 - Large internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A large internal combustion engine (10), comprising a cylinder crankcase (13), having at least one cylinder bank (12) having a plurality of cylinders (11), each cylinder having a cylinder liner (14) and a separate cylinder head (15) with at least one charge air intake valve (16) with at least one exhaust valve (17) for exhaust gas and with at least one injector (19) for fuel or a spark-ignition device (spark plug, pre-chamber with spark plug, etc.), with a valve train; the at least one camshaft and a valve control cooperating with the or each camshaft, which transmits the control contour of the camshaft to the intake valves (16) and the exhaust valves (17), wherein in the region of the or each cylinder bank (12) over all cylinders (11 ) of the respective cylinder bank (12) has a continuous carrier (18) extending over it, the cylinder liners (14) of the cylinders of the respective cylinder bank, the cylinder heads (15) of the cylinders of the respective cylinder bank and per cylinder bank (12) an intake camshaft (20) and an outlet camshaft (11) at least partially receives.

Description

The invention relates to a large internal combustion engine.

The invention relates to the field of so-called large engines or large combustion engines whose cylinders have piston diameters of more than 130 mm, in particular more than 175 mm.

Such large internal combustion engines are marine diesel engines, for example. A large internal combustion engine has a cylinder crankcase in which a crankshaft is guided. Furthermore, a large combustion engine has several cylinders that form at least one cylinder bank. Each cylinder of a large combustion engine has a cylinder liner, which is guided in the cylinder crankcase, as well as its own cylinder head. The cylinder head of the respective cylinder comprises at least one charge air intake valve, at least one exhaust gas exhaust valve, and at least one fuel injector.

Since a large internal combustion engine utilizes a separate cylinder head for each cylinder due to the dimensions of its cylinders as well as the thermal expansion forming in operation in the cylinder area, it is common in large internal combustion engines to utilize a valvetrain with at least one underlying camshaft, with the or each underlying camshaft as well as the crankshaft is guided in the cylinder crankcase. The predetermined by cams of the camshaft drive for the gas exchange valves of the cylinder is transmitted starting from the camshaft via a cooperating with the respective camshaft valve control in the direction of the gas exchange valves, wherein a valve train with underlying camshaft from DE 10 2004 057 438 Al is known. Such a valve train has rocker arms, bumpers and rocker arms to transmit the control of the gas exchange valves predetermined by the cams to the same.

To reduce exhaust emissions to large combustion engines, sharper valve timing at the gas exchange valves are desired. However, it is difficult to provide sharper valve timing with valve trains using down camshafts.

On this basis, the invention is based on the object to provide a novel large internal combustion engine.

This object is achieved by a large internal combustion engine according to claim 1. According to the invention extends in the region of the or each cylinder bank over all cylinders of the respective cylinder bank away a continuous support, the cylinder liners of the cylinder of the respective cylinder bank, the cylinder heads of the cylinder of the respective cylinder bank and per cylinder bank an intake camshaft with intake cam and a Auslassnockwelle with exhaust cam at least in sections receives.

With the present invention, it is proposed for the first time in a large internal combustion engine whose cylinders have separate cylinder heads to use a valve train with overhead camshafts, wherein the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft for each cylinder bank of the large internal combustion engine is mounted in the carrier, which extends continuously over all cylinders extends the respective cylinder bank and further for each cylinder, the cylinder liner and the cylinder head at least partially receives or leads at least in sections.

With the present invention, it is possible to provide sharper valve timing on a large internal combustion engine with separate cylinder heads per cylinder and thus to reduce exhaust emissions.

According to an advantageous development of the respective carrier extends above the cylinder crankcase and is connected to the same. This allows an exact bearing of the camshaft of the internal combustion engine and an increase in the rigidity of the internal combustion engine.

According to a further advantageous development, intake-side rocker arms and exhaust-side rocker arms are mounted on the respective carrier or on the respective cylinder head. This allows an advantageous transmission of the predetermined by the cam control on the gas exchange valves.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a charge air line, via which the cylinders, namely the cylinder heads accommodated in the carrier, charge air can be supplied to the cylinders, and / or an exhaust gas line, via which of the cylinders, namely of the cylinder heads received in the carrier the cylinder, exhaust gas is discharged, and / or a Kühlwasserzuführleitung via which the cylinders, namely the cylinder housed in the cylinder liners, cooling water can be fed, and / or a Kühlwasserabführleitung, via the cylinders, namely of the cylinder heads received in the carrier the cylinder, cooling water is discharged. Such functional integration in the carrier guiding the camshafts is particularly preferred in order to reduce the number of components. Charge air, exhaust gas and cooling water can be so defined on the carrier in which the camshafts are stored out.

According to a further advantageous development, the bushing and the cylinder head of each cylinder of the respective cylinder bank are sealed relative to the respective carrier on the coolant side and / or charge air side and / or exhaust side. The sealing of the carrier of the respective cylinder bank with respect to the cylinder liners and cylinder heads accommodated by the respective carrier is particularly preferred in order to connect the charge air line, exhaust pipe and cooling water guide integrated in the carrier to the respective cylinder liner and the respective cylinder head in the region of each cylinder. , Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:

1 shows a schematic cross section through an internal combustion engine according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view in the direction II; and FIG. 3 shows a side view in the direction of view III.

The invention relates to a large internal combustion engine. Cylinders such large internal combustion engines have a piston diameter of more than 130 mm, in particular more than 175 mm. Such a large combustion engine may be a marine diesel engine.

1 shows a detail of an internal combustion engine 10 according to the invention in the region of a cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10, the cylinder 11 shown being part of a cylinder bank 12 of the internal combustion engine 10. In the area of such a cylinder bank 12, a plurality of cylinders 11 are positioned behind one another or next to one another. In an internal combustion engine in a series construction, the internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder bank. In a V-type internal combustion engine, the same comprises a plurality of cylinder banks, which are arranged in a V-shape relative to one another.

The internal combustion engine 10 of FIG. 1 comprises a cylinder crankcase 13, in which a crankshaft, not shown, is guided.

Each cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10 has a cylinder liner 14, which serves to guide a cylinder piston, not shown, of the respective cylinder 11, wherein the cylinder liner 14 projects in sections into the cylinder crankcase 13.

Each cylinder 11 not only has such a cylinder liner 14 but also has a separate cylinder head 15. The cylinder head 15 of each cylinder 11 includes at least one charge air intake valve 16, at least one exhaust gas exhaust valve 17, and at least one injector 19 for fuel and optionally via an external ignition device (spark plug, prechamber with spark plug, etc.). The intake valves 16 and exhaust valves 17 of the cylinders 11 are gas exchange valves.

The internal combustion engine 10 according to the invention comprises per cylinder bank 12 each one over the entire cylinder bank 12 and thus all cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 extending continuously support 18. The carrier 18 takes in FIG. 1, both in the region of each cylinder 11, the cylinder liner 14, namely a upper portion 14 a thereof, as well as the respective cylinder head 15.

The carrier 18 extending continuously over all the cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 is above the

Cylinder crankcase 13 positioned and connected to the same, for example by screwing.

The support 18 extending continuously over the respective cylinder bank 12 accommodates not only the upper sections 14a of the cylinder liners 14 of the cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 and the cylinder heads 15 of the cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12, but also camshafts, namely an intake camshaft 20 for controlling the intake valves 16 and an exhaust camshaft 21 for controlling the exhaust valves 17 of the cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12.

In the case of the large internal combustion engine 10 according to the invention, camshafts 20, 21 accommodated and guided in the respective carrier 18 are therefore used, namely separate camshafts for the intake valves 16 and the exhaust valves 17, ie an intake camshaft 20 and an exhaust camshaft 21 which are not located underneath in the cylinder crankcase 13, but rather overhead in the respective carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12 are guided.

The control for the inlet valves 16 predetermined by the intake camshaft 20 or the intake cams of the intake camshaft 20 can in the embodiment shown be transferred to the intake valves 16 via intake-side rocker arms 22. Likewise, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the control for the exhaust valves 17 predetermined by the exhaust camshaft 21 through the exhaust camshaft 21 can be transmitted to the exhaust valves 17 via exhaust-side rocker arms 23. In this case, the inlet-side rocker arms 22 and the exhaust-side rocker arms 23 are rotatably or tiltably mounted on the respective carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12 or on the respective cylinder head 15.

By using overhead camshafts 22, 23, namely a separate intake camshaft 22 and separate exhaust camshaft 23 for the intake valves 16 and the exhaust valves 17, and by supporting these camshafts 22, 23 in the carrier 18, the separate cylinder heads 15 of the cylinders 11 of the respective Cylinder bank 12 receives, the valve train can ensure more accurate valve timing for the gas exchange valves 16, 17 of the cylinder 11. More accurate valve timing can reduce exhaust emissions. The valve train has fewer components. So can be dispensed with rocker arm and bumpers. Another advantage is that the carrier 18 can increase the stiffness of the internal combustion engine in the power transmission chain of the camshafts in the direction of the gas exchange valves. This also allows the provision of more precise valve timing for the gas exchange valves 16, 17 of the cylinder 11.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1, a charge air line 24 is integrated into the carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12, which extends continuously over all the cylinders 11 of the cylinder bank 12, via which the cylinders 11, namely the one in the carrier 18 recorded cylinder heads 15 of the cylinder 11, charge air can be supplied. Thus, FIG. 1 shows that the charge air line 24 integrated in the carrier 18 communicates via a corresponding recess 25 with a charge air guide line 26 of the respective cylinder head 15 of the respective cylinder 11 so as to supply the charge air guided by the charge air line 24 of the carrier 18 to the intake valves 16 Charge air to supply the cylinder 11.

Further, in the respective carrier 18, which extends continuously over all cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12. integrated an exhaust pipe 26, and opposite to the side of the carrier 18, in which the charge air line 24 is integrated. The exhaust pipe 26 serves to exhaust the exhaust gas from the cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12, which leaves the cylinder 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 via its outlet valves 17. In the region of each cylinder 11, this exhaust pipe 26 communicates via a corresponding opening 27 with an exhaust gas guide channel 28 of the respective cylinder head.

In the respective carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12, not only the charge air duct 24 and the exhaust duct 26 are integrated in the shown preferred embodiment, but furthermore a cooling water supply duct 29 and a cooling water discharge duct 30.

The cooling water supply line 29 and the cooling water discharge line 30 are preferably arranged on the same side of the carrier 18 as the exhaust pipe 26 provided by the same.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, cooling water routed via the cooling water supply line 29 can be supplied via a recess 31 in the carrier 18 to the cylinder liner 14, namely a lower cooling water annular space 32, which is partially separated from the upper portion 14a of the respective cylinder liner 14 and partially from the respective one Carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12 is limited. Starting from this lower cooling water annulus 32, the cooling water is fed into the cylinder liner 14, namely into the upper portion 14a thereof, integrated lines 33 an upper cooling water annulus 34 for cooling water, the sections of both the cylinder liner 14 and the cylinder head 15 and the carrier 18 is limited.

Starting from this upper cooling water annular space 34, the cooling water can be guided via channels (not shown) of the cylinder head 15 in the direction of a recess 35 of the respective carrier 18, which communicates with the cooling water discharge line 30 of the carrier 18.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the respective carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12, which extends above the cylinder crankcase 13 over all cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 and receives the cylinder liners 14 and the cylinder heads 15 of the cylinder 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 at least in sections, a variety of functions, namely the function of an integrated charge air guide, the function of an integrated exhaust system, the function of an integrated cooling water flow and the function of a storage of the camshafts 20, 21 and rocker arms 22, 23rd

1 further shows a plurality of seals which serve for sealing the bushing 14 of the respective cylinder 11 and the cylinder head 15 of the respective cylinder 11 with respect to the respective carrier 18 of the respective cylinder bank 12, these seals having a coolant side and / or charge air side and / or or take over the exhaust gas side seal.

As a result, the charge air guided by the respective cylinder head 18, the exhaust gas guided by the same and the cooling water guided by it, can be defined and supplied to the respective cylinder head 15 or the respective cylinder liner 14 and removed from it without leakage.

1 further shows a fuel pump 37 of the cylinder 11, which serves to supply the respective injector 19 with fuel, wherein the fuel can be supplied to the respective injector 19 from the respective fuel pump 37 via a fuel line 36.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, the carrier 18, which extends continuously over all cylinders 11 of the respective cylinder bank 12 and which guides the intake camshaft 20 and the exhaust camshaft 21, is designed to facilitate the same in the area of the camshafts 20, 21 Access to the camshaft 20, 21 is carried out laterally open, with corresponding openings 38, 39 for access to the camshafts 20, 21 are closed by cover plates 40, 41. In this case, according to FIG. 3, an individual cover plate 40 is present in the region of each cylinder 11. It is also possible for a continuous cover plate 40 to extend over all the cylinders 11.

Claims (8)

Claims: A large internal combustion engine (10), comprising a cylinder crankcase (13), having at least one cylinder bank (12) having a plurality of cylinders (11), each cylinder having a cylinder liner (14) and a separate cylinder head (15) with at least one inlet valve (16 ) for charge air, with at least one exhaust valve (17) for exhaust gas and with at least one injector (19) for fuel or optionally a foreign ignition device (spark plug, prechamber with spark plug, etc.), with a valve train, the at least one camshaft and a with the or each camshaft cooperating valve control, which transmits the control contour of the camshaft to the intake valves (16) and the exhaust valves (17), characterized in that in the region of the or each cylinder bank (12) over all cylinders (11) of the respective cylinder bank (12) extends through a continuous support (18), the cylinder liners (14) of the cylinder of the respective cylinder bank, the cylinder heads (15) of the cylinders of the respective cylinder bank and per cylinder bank (12) receive an intake camshaft (20) and an exhaust camshaft (11) at least in sections. 2. Large combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective carrier (18) extends above the cylinder crankcase (13) and is connected to the same. 3. Large combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the respective carrier (18) or on the respective cylinder head 15 inlet-side rocker arm (22) and outlet-side rocker arm (23) are mounted. 4. Large combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the respective carrier (18) has a charge air line (24) is integrated, via which the cylinders, namely in the carrier (18) received cylinder heads (15) of the cylinder, Charge air can be supplied. 5. Large internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the respective carrier (18) an exhaust pipe (26) is integrated, via which of the cylinders, namely of the in the carrier (18) received cylinder heads of the (15) Cylinder, exhaust gas is discharged. 6. Large combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the respective carrier (18) has a Kühlwasserzuführleitung (29) is integrated, via which the cylinders, namely in the carrier (18) recorded liners (14) of the cylinder, Cooling water can be supplied. 7. Large internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the respective carrier (18) a Kühlwasserabführleitung (30) is integrated, via the cylinders, namely of the in the carrier (18) received cylinder heads (15) Cylinder, cooling water is discharged. 8. Large combustion engine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bushing (14) and the cylinder head (15) of each cylinder relative to the respective carrier (18) are sealed coolant side and / or charge air side and / or exhaust side.