AT521904A2 - Molding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Molding machine with an induction coil (2) for inductive heating, in particular melting, of a material (3) and a body (5) substantially surrounding the induction coil (2), the body surrounding the induction coil (2) essentially radially and / or axially (5) is a magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5).

Description

The present invention relates to a shaping machine according to the features of the preamble of claim 1. Generic shaping machines comprise an induction coil for inductive heating, in particular melting of a material, a shaping cavity for the heated or melted material and essentially the induction coil

surrounding body.

Such a shaping machine is disclosed, for example, in WO 2013/043156 A1, the body surrounding the induction coil being designed as a shield which protects the surroundings from the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the

Induction coil is emitted.

A disadvantage of the construction disclosed there is that the shield is large and complex and is heated by the currents induced by the electromagnetic field, so that cooling is necessary. The shields in the form of conductor networks, likewise disclosed in WO 2013/043156 A1, are likely to have shielding effectiveness at the frequencies necessary for melting metal

and intensities can be neglected.

The object of the invention is to allow the heating or melting of the material of a molding machine with a higher efficiency and / or at least not to allow the emission of electromagnetic waves to the outside

worsen.

This object is achieved by a molding machine with the features of claim 1. This takes place in that the body surrounding the induction coil essentially axially and / or radially has a magnetic and / or magnetizable body

Body is. Magnetisable bodies are understood to mean those by applying

of a magnetic field their own (temporary or permanent) magnetic

Moment can be given.

By using a magnetic and / or magnetizable body, the magnetic field generated by the induction coil is concentrated much more from the outset on the near field and in particular on the inside of the induction coil, which automatically results in the technical effect pursued in WO 2013/043156 A1. At the same time, the concentrated magnetic field creates a higher electromagnetic energy density within the induction coil, which means that the heating / or melting of the material occurs with greater effectiveness (i.e. higher electromagnetic energy density within the induction coil otherwise)

same control of the induction coil).

Those components of the shaping machine, which are arranged outside the induction coil and the surrounding magnetic and / or magnetizable body, also experience less electromagnetic effects through the invention

Loads and thus lower thermal loads.

The material to be heated / or melted can be any conductor, since currents can be induced in these materials, which leads to the release of heat. In particular, the material can be a metal. Under "heating" is also

"Melting" understood.

By means of the shaping cavity, the heated and / or melted material can be in

the desired shape.

By the fact that - for example the body surrounds the induction coil - essentially axially, it can be understood in particular that the body has an imaginary, for example roughly cylindrical shaped, outer surface of the induction coil for the most part (for example more than half, preferably more than three quarters and particularly)

preferably completely) surrounds. Including that - for example the body's induction coil - essentially

radially surrounds, it can be understood in particular that the body in a

View along the axis overlaps the induction coil.

The invention also makes it possible to bring the surrounding magnetic and / or magnetizable body closer to the coil, as a result of which an overall smaller construction can be achieved. In particular, the distance between the induction coil and the body can be less than one tenth, preferably less than one fiftieth and particularly preferably less than one

Hundredths of the diameter of the induction coil.

Due to a magnetic and / or magnetizable body essentially axially surrounding the induction coil, there is also an additional shielding effect for those components that are axially close to the induction coil and

of the surrounding body are arranged (see here the example from FIG. 5).

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the dependent

Defined claims.

A molding cavity can particularly preferably be provided for the heated and / or melted material. I.e. A molding process can be carried out by filling the heated and / or melted material into the molding cavity and then cooling, in particular solidifying, in the molding cavity

in the form of a casting process.

It can be provided that the magnetic and / or magnetizable body which surrounds the induction coil essentially radially has at least one end of the induction coil - preferably at both ends of the induction coil - an additional element which at least partially shows the induction coil in a view along an axis of the induction coil - preferably completely - overlapped. Such an additional element directs the magnetic field lines so that they also remain closer to the end of the induction coil on the end face and are thus ultimately also directed inwards. In addition to the additional concentration function for the magnetic field, there is also an additional shielding effect for those components that are close to the induction coil and the surrounding body

are arranged (see the example from FIG. 2).

It can be provided that the additional element at least partially overlaps a central opening of the induction coil that is present along the axis in the view. A relatively small overlap of the opening of the induction coil by the additional element can be useful. In particular, the minimum distance to be maintained from a melting vessel to the surrounding body can be smaller than the distance between the melting vessel and the

Induction coil.

It can be particularly preferred that the additional element is designed as an extension of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body. In other words, the extension can grip around the end of the induction spiral.

Because the additional element is an extension of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body, it can be avoided that there is a gap between the base body of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body and the additional element, which has the concentration function of the body

would weaken for the magnetic field.

The additional element can particularly preferably be designed as a circumferential web which points inward from the magnetic and / or magnetizable body. This arrangement could also serve as an inward facing flange on the magnetic

and / or magnetizable body.

What applies to the additional element, which is designed as an extension, in relation to the magnetic or magnetizable body, also applies generally to the magnetic or magnetizable body. In this sense, the magnetic and / or magnetizable body can be formed contiguously, wherein it can also be advantageous if there are no holes in the magnetic or

magnetizable bodies are present.

This does not prevent the magnetic and / or magnetizable body from being made in several parts. However, it is preferred if this is either not the case or if the individual parts of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body are in direct contact with one another. Ultimately, the benefit of

Invention, however, can still be achieved to a certain extent if

the magnetic and / or magnetizable body is not contiguous and has, for example, gap dimensions which do not exceed one tenth, preferably one fiftieth and particularly preferably one hundredth of the diameter of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body. This also applies to any distance between the base body of the magnetic and / or magnetizable

Body and the additional element already mentioned above.

The magnetic and / or magnetizable body can contain a ferromagnetic and / or paramagnetic material. The magnetic and / or magnetizable body can contain magnetic and / or magnetizable particles (for example ferromagnetic and / or paramagnetic) embedded in a non-magnetic matrix. This can serve to suppress induced currents within the magnetic and / or magnetizable body. However, this effect could also be achieved with corresponding layer structures, for example

can be achieved within the magnetic and / or magnetizable body.

In a particularly simple embodiment, the magnetic and / or magnetizable body that essentially radially surrounds the induction coil can have an essentially cylindrical basic shape, to which the additional element mentioned is optionally connected. A cylindrical basic shape can be understood to mean, for example, a straight circular cylinder. But alternative bases for the cylinder are also conceivable (oval, elliptical, square,

hexagonal, generally polygonal).

The magnetic and / or magnetizable body essentially axially surrounding the induction coil can have a substantially disk-shaped — preferably ring-shaped — basic shape. Instead of a circular disk come here too

alternative bases in question (oval, elliptical, square, hexagonal, general

polygonal).

The induction coil can essentially be in the form of a helix (i.e.

helically wound).

Particularly preferably, a melting vessel separate from the shaping cavity can be provided for receiving the material to be heated and / or melted, on which melting vessel the induction coil is arranged. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the melting vessel is made of one

ceramic material (one-piece or multi-piece).

The induction coil particularly preferably essentially surrounds the melting vessel

- Preferably essentially radial.

A particularly simple construction is also beneficial if that

Melting vessel is essentially cylindrical.

In a particularly simple embodiment, the melting vessel, the induction coil and the magnetic and / or magnetizable body are concentric

arranged around a central axis.

In particular, it can be provided that the melting vessel has openings oriented exclusively in the axial direction of the induction coil. On the one hand, this is a particularly simple one in itself

Embodiment.

On the other hand, a particularly preferred embodiment results if a slide is provided for pushing out the heated and / or melted material from the melting vessel into the shaping cavity, the slide then being able to be moved in the axial direction of the induction coil. A slide for pushing out the heated and / or melted material can

can also be provided in other arrangements of the melting vessel.

Further advantages and details of the invention emerge from the figures as well

the associated figure description. It shows:

1 is a sectional view of a molding machine according to the invention,

2 shows the representation from FIG. 1, the magnetic field being visualized,

7117

3 shows a further basic illustration of the shaping machine according to the invention with shaping cavity,

Fig. 4 is a view of an embodiment of the invention along an axis of the induction coil as well

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the invention, wherein the body

Induction coil axially surrounds.

In the embodiment according to the invention from FIG. 1, the melting vessel 9, the induction coil 2 and the surrounding magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 can first be seen. These are concentric around a central axis X

aligned and arranged.

The directions along the axis X of the induction coil 2 are said to be axial

and the directions perpendicular to it are called radial.

In this embodiment, the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 consists of three parts in order to simplify production. The material of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 is a non-magnetic matrix 8, in which magnetic and / or magnetizable particles 7 are embedded

(indicated in the drawing).

For the sake of simplicity, the magnetic and / or magnetizable particles 7 are shown circular in the figures. In reality, the particles are 7

chip-shaped.

The material 3 (in this case, a

Metal) that has been inductively heated and is now in the molten state.

The melting vessel 9 only has openings which point in the direction of the X axis. A slide 11 can be guided through one of these openings (from the right in the illustration in FIG. 1), by means of which the molten material 3 can be pushed out to the left. The shaping cavity 4 is located there

(see Figure 3), into which the molten material 3 is inserted under pressure

becomes. In the molding cavity 4, the material 3 is cooled so that in the

Essentially forms a crystalline solid.

With reference numerals 12 and 13 parts of the molding machine 1 are further designated. The melting vessel 9 is made of a ceramic material in order to give the melting vessel 9 a high resistance to thermal loads. The other parts of the molding machine 1 with reference numerals 12 and 13 are made of a metallic material. The invention and in particular the additional elements 6 designed as extensions guide the magnetic field in such a way that these metallic components 12 and 13 experience lower electromagnetic and therefore thermal loads (compared to

a version without the additional elements 6).

In this regard, reference is made to FIG. 2, which represents the same embodiment as FIG. 1. The reference numerals have been omitted for the sake of clarity, but instead magnetic field lines have been drawn in to visualize the magnetic field created by the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 according to the invention. As already mentioned, the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 according to the invention guides the magnetic field lines away from any metallic add-on parts and concentrates the magnetic field (and thus of course also the electric field) inside the body 5 and inside the induction coil 2, which also means: inside the Melting vessel 9. This concentration of the electromagnetic field within the melting vessel 9 results in a higher electromagnetic energy density at the location of the material 3, which is to be heated and / or melted, with the desired effect that the heating and / or melting is more effective

takes place.

As already mentioned, FIG. 3 shows a shaping machine 1 according to the invention with the shaping cavity 4. The technical design of the melting vessel 9, the induction coil 2 and the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 is similar to that from FIGS. 1 and 2.

The mode of operation is analogous, which also applies in particular to the slide 11.

FIG. 4 shows a view of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 along the central axis X, which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and is arranged in the center of the central opening. The magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5 appears ring-shaped in this illustration. The induction coil 2 is also shown in a dotted representation, but is completely covered (i.e. overlapped) by the additional element 6 of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body 5. This also applies to a small proportion of the central

Opening the induction coil 2.

5 shows an embodiment in which the body 5 axially surrounds the induction coil 2. As the visualized magnetic field lines show, here too there is a concentration of the magnetic field within the melting vessel 9 and a shield against external, axially arranged, further components analogous to

Embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

It should be noted that the axis X need not necessarily be straight, i.e. it can also be curved. The geometries of the melting vessel 9, the induction coil 2 and the magnetic and / or magnetizable body can then follow this curved geometry. Otherwise, it is not even necessary for the melting vessel 9 to be cylindrical, for example

is.

Innsbruck, on December 11, 2018

Claims (1)

Claims Molding machine with - An induction coil (2) for inductive heating, in particular melting, of a material (3) and - a body (5) essentially surrounding the induction coil (2), characterized in that the induction coil (2) essentially radially and / or axially surrounding body (5) a magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5). Molding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) which surrounds the induction coil (2) essentially radially at least at one end of the induction coil - preferably at both ends of the induction coil (2) - has an additional element (6 ), which at least partially shows the induction coil (2) in a view along an axis (X) of the induction coil (2) - preferably completely - overlapped. Molding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the additional element (6) is provided in the view along the axis (X) central opening of the induction coil (2) at least partially overlaps. Molding machine according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the additional element (6) as an extension of the magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) is formed. Molding machine according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the additional element (6) is designed as a circumferential web, which from the magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) to the inside points. 11. 12th Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) contains a ferromagnetic and / or paramagnetic material. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (5) magnetic and / or magnetizable particles (7) which are embedded in a non-magnetic matrix (8), includes. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) is contiguous. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) which surrounds the induction coil (2) substantially radially has an im Has an essentially cylindrical basic shape. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the induction coil (2) substantially axially surrounding magnetic and / or magnetizable body (5) an im Has essentially disk-shaped - preferably annular - basic shape. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the induction coil (2) essentially in the form of a Helix is formed. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a melting vessel (9) separate from the shaping cavity (4) is provided for receiving the material (3) to be heated and / or melted, on which melting vessel (9) the Induction coil (2) is arranged. 14. 15. 16. 17th 18th Molding machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the induction coil (2) essentially surrounds the melting vessel (9) - preferably surrounds substantially radially. Molding machine according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the melting vessel (9) is substantially cylindrical is trained. Molding machine according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the melting vessel (9) only in the axial direction the induction coil (2) has aligned openings. Molding machine according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the melting vessel (9) - preferably monolithic - is made of a ceramic material. Molding machine according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that a slide (11) for pushing out the heated and / or melted material (3) from the melting vessel (9) into the shaping cavity (4) is provided, which is preferably in an axial direction Direction of the induction coil (2) is movable. Molding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a molding cavity (4) for the heated and / or molten material (3) is provided. Innsbruck, on December 11, 2018