AT526761B1 - Equipment security for portable equipment, especially portable tools - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety device (100) for portable equipment, comprising - a housing in which a roller (7) and a return element (11) are arranged and - a tension element (4) for fastening equipment, - wherein the return element (11) exerts a tensile force on the roller (7) in the direction of the interior of the housing, so that the tension element (4) can be rolled up, - a locking mechanism with a control track element (9) connected to the roller (7) via a freewheel (10) with two guide tracks and a control guide track (27) running between them with a locking element locking position (21), and ramps (22) between the individual tracks, and - a locking element (8) engaging in the control track element (9), - wherein the freewheel element (10) is designed as a leg spring (37) or torsion spring, wherein the leg spring or torsion spring is fixed to the roller (7) and one end is connected to the Control track (9) is connected, and wherein one of the guide tracks is designed as a freewheel track (25) and the other as a blocking track (36), wherein the freewheel track (25) has a directed unidirectional connection to the blocking track (36) and wherein the blocking track (36) has a directed unidirectional connection to the blocking element blocking position (21), that the pulling element (4) can be pulled out of the housing and the blocking element (8) can be freely guided in one of the guide tracks and can be retracted into the housing and the blocking element (8) can be pressed from one of the guide tracks into the control guide track (27), and the blocking element (8) can be brought into the blocking element blocking position (21), - wherein the blocking element (8) can be guided from the blocking element blocking position (21) onto the control guide track (27) and/or one of the guide tracks and the pulling element (4) can be pulled out of the housing and/or on the roller (7) can be rolled up.

Description

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Description

[0001] The invention relates to a safety device for portable equipment, in particular portable tools, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

[0002] In many situations it is desirable that portable equipment is secured against falling or crashing. In particular when working at heights, e.g. in industrial climbing or in tree care, it is advantageous if equipment such as tools or smartphones are secured against falling when in use. Even in extreme situations, it is helpful for the firefighters, paramedics or police officers involved to act quickly and efficiently if equipment is securely secured to the body of the person concerned against falling and theft. In outdoor sports, such as climbing, it is also desirable to secure equipment against falling or crashing. The dangers or problems associated with equipment falling relate in particular to a high risk of injury for those involved and those not involved.

[0003] US 2012153064 A1 discloses a safety device for portable equipment, which comprises a pulling element that can be retracted into and pulled out of a housing and that is rolled up on a roller. The roller is mounted so that it can rotate relative to the housing. The safety device also has a locking mechanism with control tracks and a locking element to fix the pulling element in a desired position and to prevent it from being pulled further into the housing.

[0004] Another aspect is that picking up fallen equipment always represents additional work for the user, as the user then has to take additional actions to pick up the lost object. The industrial climbing sector or the tree care sector concerns environments or takes place in environments where such additional actions such as an unplanned descent are not very easy to implement, as the user himself is protected against falling or falling from a height in several ways. A fallen piece of equipment, apart from the considerable risk potential for all those involved, can represent a great deal of additional work for the user or even destroy the equipment. In extreme situations, any additional time expenditure should be avoided as far as possible and the user always wants to know that equipment that has fallen out of their hands is secured. In outdoor sports, such as climbing, fallen equipment also poses a considerable safety risk.

[0005] In this context, it is known to minimize or eliminate the risk of equipment and items of equipment falling by attaching a loose line, cord or rope, hereinafter referred to as a traction element, at one end to the equipment to be secured and at the other end to the clothing, climbing harness or similar of the user or to a rigid or almost rigid connection in the vicinity of the user, e.g. house wall, scaffolding, etc.

[0006] One problem with such loose traction elements is that the loose line, cord or rope constantly acts as a type of loop and is therefore always a potential source of danger, especially when working at heights, but also in emergency situations. This also applies, but not only, when the secured equipment is not in use. A loosely hanging traction element poses the risk that a user can become tangled in the loose traction element or that the traction element becomes tangled and impedes the user. This poses a great potential danger both when working at heights, in emergency situations and in outdoor sports such as climbing.

[0007] Another problem is that in the event of a fall or crash of the equipment, enormous (impact) loads are exerted on the device and the user. The reason for this is the low flexibility of such loose tension elements. In the worst case, such high dynamic forces occur that they cause the tension element to tear and, despite securing the equipment to the tension element, there is still a risk of the equipment falling to the ground.

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Even if the tension element can withstand the enormous dynamic loads, the user may still be injured because the shock loads are transmitted to the user's body, which means there is a risk of bone fractures or similar.

[0008] In order to prevent the traction element from becoming tangled or entangled, extendable safety lines or safety ropes are known from the prior art. These extendable safety lines or safety ropes are usually designed in such a way that the traction element is wound up on a reel and the traction element is pulled into a housing. In this way, the risk of the traction element becoming tangled or entangled when using the equipment is minimized or completely avoided.

[0009] Another known aspect for improving the use of an extendable equipment fall protection device is the "locking" of the retraction force acting on the pulling element, which is necessary to retract the pulling element back into the housing. This can be done either manually using a button, or automatically when it is pulled out. US 2008054116 A1 discloses a ratchet mechanism that locks and unlocks the pull on the rope, cord or line. In US 2009084697 A1, this is also achieved using a ratchet mechanism that locks the pull at certain intervals, while at certain intervals there is no locking effect. AT 521616 B1 discloses a structure in which a pulling element or cable pull and subsequently a roller are only locked when the extendable pulling element is fully extended.

[0010] The disadvantages of the known systems are, on the one hand, the mostly delicate construction and, on the other hand, the lack of user-friendliness. Often, a complicated operation is necessary to activate and release the locking mechanism. Another negative aspect is that the mechanisms are not optimally tailored to the user's usage pattern, since the user often has to find certain intervals in which the locking mechanism actually locks or unlocks again.

[0011] The object of the invention is therefore to remedy this situation and to provide a safety device for portable equipment which is robustly constructed and easy to use, while at the same time ensuring effective protection of the equipment against falling or falling down while allowing maximum freedom of movement for the user while working with the secured equipment.

[0012] The invention solves this problem with a safety device for portable equipment, in particular portable tools, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 with the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

[0013] A safety device according to the invention for portable equipment therefore comprises a locking mechanism that can lock or block the retraction force acting on the extendable pulling element. This advantageously enables the user to work particularly easily and safely with equipment that is secured with a safety device according to the invention. Furthermore, with a safety device according to the invention, the secured equipment or items of equipment can be used without restriction by the user in the locked state without any disruptive pulling force.

[0014] According to the invention, the roller can be locked in any desired unwinding position, in particular in one locking position per revolution of the roller or at least when the pulling element is pulled out by "locking" in the next interval. Only by pulling the pulling element again for any length, i.e. a short pull or a long pull, but no longer than until the pulling element is fully pulled out, is the roller released again and the pulling element is retracted. With known locking mechanisms, a short pull would result in the pulling element being retracted again, but a longer pull (e.g. greater than half a turn) would lock the roller again in the next longer position. The advantage of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment is therefore that the user can initially lock the roller in any position he wants and then

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can be unlocked again by pulling on the pulling element, without having to pay attention, as in the known state of the art, that the pulling element or the roller will be locked again in the next interval by the renewed release pull.

[0015] Apart from that, the design and implementation of the locking mechanism of a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention is particularly advantageous compared to known locking mechanisms, since a very space-saving integration in the housing of such extendable equipment fall protection devices is possible. Furthermore, the ease of manufacture and high reliability of the individual components are particularly advantageous and the components of a locking mechanism according to the invention or a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention can also be dimensioned as small, large or very robust as desired.

[0016] According to the invention, the freewheel element is designed as a leg spring or torsion spring, wherein the leg spring is fixed to a wrap bolt arranged on the roller and wherein one end of the leg spring or torsion spring is connected to the control track, so that the control track element can only rotate freely in the freewheel direction. In this way, it is advantageously possible for the wrap of the spring on the wrap bolt to increase the wrap force in the locking direction and subsequently the friction force in such a way that twisting is no longer possible. Furthermore, a minimal counteracting force can be generated, particularly when using a leg spring in the freewheel direction of rotation. This has a particularly positive effect on the user-friendliness of a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention: On the one hand, the user needs to apply less force when pulling out the pulling element, which is particularly advantageous because, for example, construction workers would otherwise quickly tire from frequently pulling on the pulling element at high pulling forces. On the other hand, a minimal, counteracting force has a positive effect on the locking effect of the locking mechanism, because otherwise the locking element might not be able to jump reliably over the ramps. In other words, the freewheel element advantageously ensures that at least the force necessary for the locking element to be able to slide over the individual ramps is counteracted.

[0017] For a particularly space-saving design of the control track element of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, it is further provided according to the invention that one of the guide tracks is designed as a free-running track and the other of the guide tracks is designed as a blocking track, wherein the free-running track has a directed unidirectional connection to the blocking track and wherein the blocking track has a directed unidirectional connection to the blocking element blocking position. It is not important which of the guide tracks is inside or outside, but only that the control guide track is located between the guide tracks.

[0018] In the context of the invention, a "directional unidirectional connection" is understood to mean a connection between, for example, different tracks of the control track element, which cannot be passed by the locking element in any direction during normal operation of the safety device for portable equipment, but only in one direction, while passing in the opposite direction is not possible for the locking element.

[0019] Further advantageous embodiments of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment are described in the dependent claims.

[0020] Particularly effective return elements can be provided if the return element is designed as a spiral spring or torsion spring. By selecting the return element in this way, a long service life of the holding device can be achieved without the return element showing signs of fatigue, for example, so that the tension element is perfectly rolled up on the roller element throughout the entire service life of the holding device. The design of the spring element as a spiral-shaped spring advantageously ensures a compact, space-saving design of the locking mechanism.

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[0021] A particularly space-saving and at the same time robust and reliably locking locking element can be provided if the locking element comprises a locking element bolt engaging in the control track element and guided in the tracks of the control track element.

[0022] The locking mechanism of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment can be designed in a particularly space-saving manner if the locking element is designed as a slider and can be moved along an axis along guides arranged on the housing and/or formed on the housing. With such a design of the locking element, it is advantageously possible to arrange it in the roller.

[0023] According to a further advantageous embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, it can be provided that the locking element is designed as a lever, wherein the lever is arranged on the housing and extends in the direction of the control track element.

[0024] According to a further advantageous embodiment of a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention, it can be provided that the locking element locking position has a directed unidirectional connection to the control guide track, wherein it is provided in particular that the control guide track is designed as an unlocking pull-out track. In connection with the invention, an unlocking pull-out track is understood to mean a control guide track within which the locking element initially moves after leaving the locking element locking position before it possibly changes to another track.

[0025] According to a further advantageous embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, it can be provided that the control guide track has a directed unidirectional connection to the free-running track.

[0026] According to a further advantageous embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, in which a particularly reliable transition between certain tracks can be ensured, while a transition into certain tracks is specifically blocked, it can be provided that the ramps for establishing a directed unidirectional connection between the tracks are each

- a ramp freewheel side for changing the locking element, in particular the locking element bolt of the locking element, into another track and

- have a ramp blocking side which blocks the blocking element, in particular the blocking element bolt of the blocking element, for blocking a change of the blocking element into another path, in particular for blocking a change of the blocking element bolt of the blocking element, along the edge of the ramp.

[0027] According to a further advantageous embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, it can be provided that the control guide track has a stop at one end, in particular at an unlocking pull-out track end or at one end of the unlocking pull-out track, so that the locking element, in particular the locking element bolt of the locking element, is blocked at this end in the control guide track.

[0028] According to a particularly compact embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, it can be provided that at least one of the guide tracks is designed in the shape of a circular ring and/or that the control guide track is designed in the shape of a circular ring sector, in particular as a circular ring sector spanning a semicircle or a three-quarter circle.

[0029] According to an advantageous variant of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment, in which a locking of the pulling element can advantageously be achieved even during a winding-up process, it can be provided that the locking element can be pressed out of one of the guide tracks via one of the ramps into the control guide track during the winding-up process when a pulling force directed away from the housing is applied to the pulling element again, which is smaller than the force exerted by the return element on the roll, and can be pushed back into

the locking element locking position can be guided.

[0030] It is a further object of the invention to provide a safety device for portable equipment which, in the event of an impact load occurring, i.e. in the event of a fall or crash of a secured equipment item, minimises or dampens the forces occurring and thus reduces or minimises the risk of injury to the user.

[0031] The invention solves this problem with a safety device for portable equipment, in particular portable tools, according to the preamble of patent claim 14.

[0032] According to the invention, the tension element has at least one predetermined breaking connection for fall dampening in the region of its end fixed to the roller, wherein the predetermined breaking connection is designed to absorb the tensile force when a tensile force directed away from the housing and exceeding a predetermined force threshold value acts on the tension element after the tension element has reached the end position and thus to dampen the fall.

[0033] Such a predetermined breaking connection advantageously creates a type of damping element or damping effect inside the housing of a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention, which minimizes or dampens the forces acting on the user or the impact load when an impact load occurs, i.e. when the secured equipment falls. The predetermined breaking connection is preferably designed in such a way that the force threshold value is lower than the forces or impact loads typically occurring when equipment falls. In this way, it is advantageously possible to limit the impact load and absorb or destroy the kinetic energy by breaking or releasing the predetermined breaking connection.

[0034] Forces that occur can be absorbed particularly reliably if several predetermined breaking connections are arranged one behind the other over a circumferential section of the roll in the winding direction of the tension element around the roll, wherein it is provided in particular that the predetermined breaking connections extend over at least 25% of a winding of the tension element around the roll, in particular over 50% to 300% of a winding.

[0035] One or more such predetermined breaking connections can be produced in a particularly simple and compact manner if the predetermined breaking connections are designed as a plurality of interconnected tension element sections overlapping one another in the winding direction, wherein the tension element sections are interconnected by sewing or gluing.

[0036] With such a design of a predetermined breaking connection, it is advantageously possible that, for example, the first wound section of the tension element is connected - preferably sewn or glued - in such a way that in the event of an impact load or in the event of the action of a force that exceeds the predetermined force threshold value, the overlapping, connected tension element sections are radially torn open or torn apart.

[0037] Such a structure of a predetermined breaking connection or a damping element is particularly advantageous, since a very space-saving integration in the housing of an extendable equipment fall protection device can be achieved. Furthermore, the simple manufacture and high reliability of the individual components should be emphasized. A further advantage over the prior art is the compact design, since the damping element can be realized in the housing of a fall protection device.

[0038] In this context, in the predetermined breaking connection of a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention, it can be provided that the force threshold value is the seam tear force or adhesive tear force. In the context of the invention, the seam tear force, adhesive tear force or tear force is understood to mean the force that is necessary to tear open or separate two overlapping, connected tension element sections.

tear, whereby, depending on the type of connection of the tension element sections, this is the seam tear force for tension element sections sewn together or the adhesive tear force for tension element sections glued together.

[0039] Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

[0040] The invention is schematically illustrated below in the drawings using particularly advantageous but non-limiting embodiments and is described by way of example with reference to the drawings.

[0041] The following show schematically:

[0042] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a safety device for portable equipment according to the invention,

[0043] Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Fig. 1 without upper housing shell,

[0044] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Fig. 1 without upper housing shell and locking element,

[0045] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Fig. 1 without upper housing shell, locking element and control track element,

[0046] Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the interior of the roller of the embodiment of Fig. 1 including the return element,

[0047] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the rear side of the embodiment of Fig. 1,

[0048] Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the rear side of the embodiment of Fig. 1 without the lower housing shell,

[0049] Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the rear side of the embodiment of Fig. 1 without the lower housing shell and lower roller half,

[0050] Fig. 9 is a perspective detailed view of the roller including the traction element and locking mechanism of the embodiment of Fig. 1,

[0051] Fig. 10 is a perspective detailed view of the locking element of the embodiment of Fig. 1,

[0052] Fig. 11 is a perspective detailed view of the upper housing shell including the locking element of the embodiment of Fig. 1,

[0053] Fig. 12 is a perspective detailed view of the control track element of the embodiment of Fig. 1,

[0054] Fig. 13 is a side view of the roller system including the locking mechanism of the embodiment of Fig. 1 with marked cutting position,

[0055] Fig. 14 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt in freewheel track,

[0056] Fig. 15 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt from freewheel track into locking track,

[0057] Fig. 16 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt in locking track 1,

[0058] Fig. 17 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt in locking track 2,

[0059] Fig. 18 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt in locking position,

[0060] Fig. 19 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt in locking extension path,

[0061] Fig. 20 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt from locking pull-out track into freewheel track,

[0062] Fig. 21 the sectional view A-A of the embodiment from Fig. 13: locking element bolt at locking extension track end,

[0063] Fig. 22 is a perspective detailed view of the roller system of the embodiment of Fig. 1 without locking mechanism,

[0064] Fig. 23 shows a side view of the roller system of a second embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment without a locking mechanism with marked cutting position,

[0065] Fig. 24 a sectional view B-B according to Fig. 23 of the second embodiment: predetermined breaking connection tear-start,

[0066] Fig. 25 a sectional view B-B according to Fig. 23 of the second embodiment: predetermined breaking connection partial elevation,

[0067] Fig. 26 is a sectional view through a third embodiment of a safety device according to the invention for portable equipment with a locking element designed as a lever element,

[0068] Fig. 27 is a perspective detailed view of a housing shell including a locking element of the embodiment of Fig. 26,

[0069] Fig. 28 is a second perspective detailed view of a housing shell including locking element of the embodiment of Fig. 26,

[0070] Fig. 29 a first detailed view of the embodiment of Fig. 26: locking element bolt in freewheel track,

[0071] Fig. 30 a second detailed view of the embodiment of Fig. 26: locking element bolt in locking track,

[0072] Fig. 31 a third detailed view of the embodiment of Fig. 26: locking element bolt in locking position,

[0073] Fig. 32 a fourth detailed view of the embodiment of Fig. 26: locking element bolt in a third detailed view of the embodiment of Fig. 26,

[0074] Fig. 33 is a detailed view of the lever with locking element bolt of the embodiment of Fig. 26,

[0075] Fig. 34 a fifth detailed view of the embodiment of Fig. 26: locking element bolt in freewheel track,

[0076] Fig. 35 is a plan view of a housing shell including locking element of the embodiment of Fig. 26 with marked cutting position,

[0077] Fig. 36 a sectional view through the housing shell including the locking element from Fig. 35, [0078] Fig. 37 a detailed view of the sectional view from Fig. 36,

[0079] Fig. 38 a detailed view of the predetermined breaking connections of the second embodiment from Fig. 23 shortly before the start of the tear-off,

[0080] Fig. 39 is a detailed view of the partially destroyed predetermined breaking connections of the second embodiment from Fig. 23.

[0081] In Fig. 1 to Fig. 25, various views of a first embodiment of a fuse 100 according to the invention for portable equipment, such as handheld devices, hereinafter referred to as equipment fuse 100, are shown. In the first embodiment

For example, the equipment securing device 100 comprises a track locking mechanism and a predetermined breaking connection according to the invention or a damping element, which are described in more detail below. However, it is of course also possible for an equipment securing device 100 according to the invention to be designed only with a locking mechanism and without a predetermined breaking connection, or for a predetermined breaking connection to be used in an equipment securing device known from the prior art.

[0082] An equipment securing device 100 according to the invention comprises, as in the exemplary embodiment (see in particular Fig. 1, Fig. 6), a tension element 4, which can optionally have a tension element connecting element 5 at its end protruding from the housing. The equipment items to be secured can be fastened or mounted on the tension element 4 and connected to the tension element 4 on the tension element connecting element 5.

[0083] In the exemplary embodiment (see in particular Figs. 1, 5, 7 and 8), the equipment securing device 100 comprises a housing, a roller or roller 7, and a return element 11. In the first exemplary embodiment, the housing comprises two housing shells 1, 2, which can be glued, screwed or connected by other connection methods to a housing connecting element 6. A through hole 3 can be made in the middle of the two housing shells 1, 2 in order to fasten the equipment securing device 100 to the body or to a rigid connection. However, any other form of fastening is also possible.

[0084] In Fig. 2, the opened housing with the roller 7 and an embodiment of a locking mechanism according to the invention is shown, the functioning of which will be discussed in more detail below. The roller 7 is rotatably mounted in the housing or the housing shell 1. The pulling element 4 is wound on the roller 7 in the retracted state. A control track element 9 is rotatably mounted or installed in the roller 7.

[0085] The control track element 9 is connected to the roller 7 via a freewheel element 10 and has two concentrically running guide tracks that are spaced radially from one another and a control guide track 27 that runs concentrically to the guide tracks between the guide tracks and ramps 22 are arranged between the individual tracks. The control guide track 27 has a locking element locking position 21.

[0086] A locking element 8, guided in the guideways and the control guideway 27 and/or along the ramps 22 of the control track element 9, engages in the control track element 9, which will be discussed in more detail below.

[0087] In Fig. 3, the roller 7 is shown in the first housing shell 1 with the control track element 9 and freewheel element 10, but without the locking element 8. Fig. 4 shows the freewheel element 10 of the first embodiment in detail.

[0088] In the first embodiment, a freewheel element 10 in the form of a leg spring 37 is rolled up on a wrap mandrel 29 and connected at one end E or one leg to the control track element 9 (see Fig. 2, 3, 4). This arrangement advantageously enables the control track element 9 to rotate in only one direction of rotation. In the freewheel direction, the freewheel element 10 or the leg spring 37 enables rotation, in the blocking direction the freewheel element 10 blocks the control track element 9. In the embodiment, the freewheel element 10 is designed as a leg spring, which in the blocking direction increases the wrap force and subsequently the friction force by wrapping around the wrap pin 29 in such a way that twisting is no longer possible. The freewheel element 10 can also be designed in such a way that a minimal force counteracts the freewheel rotation direction. This is achieved in particular by a leg spring 37.

[0089] In Fig. 5 and Fig. 8, the return element 11 is shown in the housing or the first housing shell 1. The roller 7 is rotatably mounted on the housing or the first housing shell 1 relative to the housing or the first housing shell 1, which can be achieved, for example, via a radial bearing formed on the inside of the housing. The return element end inside 12 and tension element inside 13 are also shown in Fig. 5. The return element end 17 can be seen in Fig. 8.

[0090] The tension element 4, one end of which, to which the tension element connecting element 5 is attached, protrudes from the housing and serves to attach objects, is completely rolled up on the roll 7 in an initial state. In the embodiment shown, the tension element 4 is rolled up on the outer circumference of the roll 7. In Fig. 1, a housing recess 18 can be seen from which the tension element 4 can protrude.

[0091] The return element 11 is arranged between the housing and the roller 7 and exerts a tensile force on the roller 7, so that the tension element 4 is rolled up on the roller 7 in the initial state. In the embodiment shown, the return element 11 is a spiral spring which is fixed to the bearing on which the roller 7 rests, on the one hand, and to the inside of the wall surface of the roller 7, on the other hand. The return element 11 is by no means necessarily designed as a spiral spring, but can also be designed, for example, as a torsion spring or as another return element known from the prior art. The return element fastening 16 can be seen in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.

[0092] Due to the action of the force exerted by the return element 11 on the roller 7, the tension element 4 is automatically rolled up at least partially, for example on the outer circumference of the roller 7, when a tensile force acts on the tension element 4 that is smaller than the tensile force that the return element 11 exerts on the roller 7. In the context of the invention, the initial state is understood to mean that the tension element 4 is completely rolled up on the roller 7 and only one end of the tension element 4 protrudes from the housing.

[0093] If a tensile force acts on the tension element 4 which is directed away from the housing 1 and is greater than the force exerted by the return element 11 on the roller 7, the tension element 4 can be rolled out to an end position and moved away from the housing or pulled out of the housing. In the context of the invention, the end position is understood to mean that the tension element 4 is completely unrolled from the roller 7 and pulled out of the housing, so that only the end of the tension element 4 rests on or against the roller 7 or, for example, only a small part of the tension element 4 fully or partially wraps around the roller 7.

[0094] In order to prevent a piece of equipment attached to the pulling element 4 from being constantly subjected to a tensile force caused by the return element 11 via the pulling element 4 when the object is being used by the user and the pulling element 4 is not in the initial state, an equipment safety device 100 according to the invention comprises a locking mechanism that can lock the pulling element 4 or the cable in any desired extension position. Unlocking then takes place by pulling the pulling element 4 or the cable again for any length of time. An embodiment of such a locking mechanism according to the invention is shown in Fig. 9 to Fig. 21.

[0095] In principle, the locking mechanism of an equipment holder 100 according to the invention functions as follows: The guide tracks, the control guide track 27 and the ramps 22 are designed and arranged relative to one another in such a way that by pulling on the pulling element 4 with a force that is greater than the force exerted by the return element 11 on the roller 7, the pulling element 4 can be pulled out of the housing 1 and the locking element 8 can be guided freely in one of the guide tracks, so that the control track element 9 rotates with the roller 7.

[0096] If a tensile force directed away from the housing acts on the tension element 4 which is smaller than the force exerted by the return element 11 on the roller 7, the tension element 4 is retracted into the housing by the return element 11 and the locking element 8 is pressed from one of the guide tracks via one of the ramps 22 into the control guide track 27. The locking element 8 thus reaches the locking element locking position 21 of the control guide track 27, so that the rotation of the roller 7 relative to the housing is blocked.

[0097] If the locking element 8 is outside the locking element locking position 21, the roller 7 is rotatable relative to the housing.

[0098] If a tensile force directed away from the housing acts on the tensile element 4 which is greater than the force exerted by the return element 11 on the roller 7, the locking element 8 is moved from the locking element locking position 21 via one of the ramps 22 onto the control guide track 27

or one of the guide tracks and the pulling element 4 can be pulled out or rolled up.

[0099] Fig. 9 shows the roller system of the embodiment from Fig. 1, i.e. the roller 7 together with the tension element 4, the control track element 9 and the locking element 8. Fig. 9 shows the elements of the locking mechanism. The roller 7 can, but does not necessarily have to, consist of two parts, a lower roller shell 14 and an upper roller shell 15 (see Fig. 5 and Fig. 7). In the embodiment, the control track element 9 is rotatably mounted on a radial bearing in the roller 7 or in the housing. The locking element 8 is arranged or installed on the control track element 9.

[00100] The locking element 8 is shown in detail in Fig. 10. In the exemplary embodiment, the locking element 8 is designed as a slider and has a bolt, the locking element bolt 19. This engages in the control track element 9 or its tracks and is guided in the tracks of the control track element 9. The guidance in the tracks causes the locking element 8 to move along an axis, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed in the housing.

[00101] Fig. 11 shows an example of how such a guide can be implemented. As can be seen in Fig. 11, the locking element 8 is guided on the side surfaces 20 in the housing or the housing shell 1. The locking element 8 can therefore only move along one axis. The axis running surface 31 is also visible.

[00102] As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 9 and previously described, the freewheel element 10 - in the exemplary embodiment specifically a leg spring 37 - is rolled up on the wrap mandrel 29 and connected at one end E or with one leg to the control track element 9. The connection to the control track element 9 can be realized, for example, via a connection point 26, as can be seen in Fig. 12. This arrangement enables the control track element 9 to rotate in only one direction of rotation. In the freewheel direction, the freewheel element 10 enables rotation, in the blocking direction, the freewheel element 10 blocks the control track element 9.

[00103] Figures 12 to 17 show detailed views of a preferred embodiment of the control track element 9 according to the invention. As already mentioned, the control track element 9 comprises, according to the invention, several tracks 25, 27, 36, which, through the connection according to the invention, achieve the desired effect, namely the blocking of the retraction force in any extension position and the re-unblocking by pulling on the pulling element 4 for any length of time.

[00104] According to the invention, the control track element 9 comprises two concentrically running radially spaced guide tracks, in the embodiment circular sector-shaped or almost circular ring-shaped, namely a free-running track 25 and a locking track 36, and a circular sector-shaped control guide track 27 running between the guide tracks concentrically to the guide tracks, which is also referred to below as an unlocking pull-out track due to its function. The control guide track 27 has a locking element locking position 21, and ramps 22 (Fig. 12) are arranged between the individual tracks 25, 27, 36.

[00105] In the exemplary embodiment, the locking element bolt 19 penetrates into the various tracks 25, 27, 36 of the control track element 9. The free-running track 25 has a one-way connection, i.e. a directed unidirectional connection, to the locking track 36. The locking track 36 has a one-way connection or directed unidirectional connection to the locking element locking position 21. The locking element locking position 21 leads into the unlocking pull-out track or the control guide track 27. Ramps 22 are constructed between the various tracks 25, 27, 36 in such a way that the locking element bolt 19 only engages or runs in the intended tracks 25, 27, 36. The directed, unidirectional connections are formed by ramps 22, each of which has a ramp freewheel side 24 that can be passed through the locking element 8 or the locking element bolt 19 of the locking element 8 and a ramp freewheel side 24 that can be passed through the locking element 8 or the locking element bolt 19 of the locking element 8.

zen 19 blocking ramp blocking side 23.

[00106] The ramps 22 therefore have a ramp freewheel side 24, which allows the locking element bolt 19 or the locking element 8 to slide over the ramp 22. The other side, the ramp locking side 23, is always designed in such a way that the locking element bolt 19 or the locking element 8 cannot slide over the respective ramp 22, but is guided further along the edge of the ramp 22. The locking extension track end 28 is also designed in such a way that the locking element bolt 19 cannot slide over a ramp 22 here, but is held back at the locking extension track end 28. The freewheel element 10 or a leg of the leg spring 37 is, as previously stated, fixed to the control track element 9 at one end, as shown for example in Fig. 12.

[00107] Fig. 13 shows the side view according to Fig. 9 of the roller system and at the same time it shows for the subsequent sectional views Fig. 14 to Fig. 21 on which plane the cut for the sectional views is made.

[00108] Fig. 14 shows the retracted position or the initial state of the tension element 4, which is completely wound on the roller 7. The locking element bolt 19 can be seen in the sectional view and is located in the freewheel track 25. The locking element bolt 19 is part of the locking element 8 and, as can be seen in Fig. 11, is guided on side surfaces 20 in the housing and thus only displacement in one direction is possible.

[00109] If the pulling element 4 is now pulled out, the roller 7 rotates accordingly in an anti-clockwise direction. An equipment securing device 100 according to the invention or its locking mechanism can, however, of course also be constructed in a mirror image of the embodiments shown in Figs. 1 to 37 and, for example, the roller 7 can also rotate in a clockwise direction.

[00110] The control track element 9 also follows the rotational movement of the roller 7, since the freewheel element 10 or the leg spring 37 opposes a small force, also in the freewheel direction, which is greater than the frictional force of the adjacent locking element bolt 19. When the tension element 4 is pulled out, the locking element bolt 19 comes to the ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 between the freewheel track 25 and the locking track 36, which guides the locking element bolt 19 along the edge into the locking track 36 (see Fig. 15). The tension element 4 can be pulled out partially or to the full extension. The locking element bolt 19 is always located in the locking track 36. If it now comes to the ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 within the locking track 36 during the extension (see Fig. 16), it can simply slide over the ramp 22.

[00111] If the force on the tension element 4 is now reduced so that the force is smaller than the force exerted by the return element 11, resulting in the tension element 4 retracting again, the locking element bolt 19 is guided along the ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 within the locking track 36, see Fig. 17, from the locking track 36 into the locking element locking position 21. In this case, a further ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 between the locking track 36 and the control guide track 27 is also overcome.

[00112] In Fig. 18, the locking element bolt 19 is in the locking element locking position 21 of the control guide track 27. The pull on the pulling element 4 is now locked and the user has no annoying pull on the pulling element 4. He can now use the secured equipment without restriction.

[00113] If the user pulls on the pulling element 4 again, the locking element bolt 19 is guided from a ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 between the locking track 36 and the control guide track 27 onto the control guide track 27, whereby the locking element bolt 19 slides over a ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 within the control guide track 27. The locking element bolt 19 is then guided along the control guide track 27, i.e. the unlocking pull-out track (see Fig. 19). If the renewed pull on the pulling element 4 is only long enough for the locking element bolt 19 to remain within the control guide track 27 or the unlocking pull-out track, and the pulling element 4 is wound up again on the roller 7, the locking element bolt 19 is

Bolt 19 is guided back onto the free-running track 25 via a ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 within the control guide track 27 and via a ramp free-running side 24 of the ramp 22 between the control guide track 27 and the free-running track 25, and the tension element 4 can wind up on the roller 7 again if, after the renewed pull, the extraction force, i.e. the tensile force exerted on the tension element 4 and directed away from the housing, is lower than the restoring force of the restoring element 11.

[00114] However, if the pulling element 4 is pulled out from the locking element locking position 21 to such an extent that the locking element bolt 19 reaches the unlocking extension track end 28, i.e. the end of the control guide track 27 that has a stop, the locking element bolt 19 presses on the unlocking extension track end 28 and exerts a force. If this force is greater than the force required to rotate the freewheel element 10 in its freewheeling direction, the pulling element 4 can be pulled out as far as desired, but at most to the full extension or to the end position of the pulling element 4.

[00115] If the tensile force on the tension element 4 is now reduced at a point arbitrarily selected by the user so that the restoring force of the restoring element 11 winds the tension element 4 back onto the roller 7, the locking element bolt 19 is guided over the ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 within the control guide track 27 and the ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 between the control guide track 27 and the freewheel track 25 back onto the freewheel track 25 (see Fig. 20).

[00116] The blocking track 36, the free-running track 25 and the control guide track 27 can be arranged in any way within the meaning of the invention, as long as the tracks 25, 27, 36 are connected according to the invention. For example, the blocking track 36 can also be guided on the outside and the free-running track 25 in the further inner part of the control track element 9.

[00117] Fig. 22 shows the roller system without the elements of the locking mechanism. The tension element 4 is wound on the roller 7.

SEQUENCE OF USE:

[00118] The use of an extendable equipment safety device 100 according to the invention for hand-held devices with a track locking mechanism can be carried out as follows:

- Equipment is attached to the pulling element 4 and the equipment securing device 100 is attached to the body or to a rigid system.

- The tension element 4 is completely wound on the roller 7 in the housing.

- The user pulls on the equipment, the pulling element 4 is unwound, the locking element bolt 19 is guided from the freewheel track 25 into the locking track 36.

- The user reaches the desired extension position.

- The user keeps the equipment in his hand, but no longer exerts any pulling force. The locking element bolt 19 is guided by the locking track 36 into the locking element locking position 21. The roller 7 is locked against twisting by the return element 11, the pulling element 4 is partially or completely unwound. The secured equipment can then be used without restriction, i.e. without any annoying pulling on the pulling element 4.

- The user wants to roll up the pulling element 4 again: He exerts a pulling force on the pulling element 4 and pulls the pulling element 4 out as far as he wants, but no longer than the full extension. - The locking element bolt 19 is guided along the control guide track 27, which thus serves as an unlocking extension track.

- If the user pulls out the pulling element 4 so far that the unlocking pull-out track end 28, i.e. the end of the control guide track 27 which has a stop, is not reached, the locking element bolt 19 is guided back into the freewheel track 25.

- If the user pulls the pulling element 4 out far enough to reach the unlocking extension track end 28, the locking element bolt 19 hits the unlocking extension track end 28 and the freewheel element 10 releases the rotation of the control track element 9 and the user can pull the pulling element 4 out as much as he wants, but only up to the full extension. As soon as the user no longer exerts any force, the locking element bolt 19 is returned to the freewheel position.

track 25. - In both of the above cases, the tension element 4 is then wound up again, since the locking element bolt 19 is located in the freewheel track 25.

[00119] Fig. 23, Fig. 24, Fig. 25, Fig. 38 and Fig. 39 show a second embodiment of an equipment securing device 100 according to the invention with a predetermined breaking connection 32 or a damping element in order to minimize the fall of an item of equipment fixed to the tension element 4 and the peak impact load resulting from the fall or crash or the forces acting on the user. Fig. 23 shows the side view of the roller system without locking mechanism elements and the position of the sectional views from Fig. 24 and Fig. 25.

[00120] In general, the equipment securing device in the second embodiment has the same structure as described in the first embodiment, as well as at least one predetermined breaking connection 32 in the region of the end of the tension element 4 which is fastened to the roller 7.

[00121] When a tensile force directed away from the housing and exceeding a predetermined force threshold value acts on the tensile element 4 after the tensile element 4 has reached the end position, the predetermined breaking connection 32 or the predetermined breaking connections 32 absorb the tensile force and thus dampen the fall of the equipment.

[00122] The tension element 4 is almost completely unwound from the roll 7 in Fig. 24. The end of the tension element 4 is fixed to a fixing point 30 on the roll 7 and is only partially wound up on the circumference of the roll 7. At the point where the tension element 4 reaches a part of the already wound tension element section for the first time, several predetermined breaking connections 32 or the damping connection element are designed so that overlapping tension element sections 46 (see Fig. 38 and Fig. 39) are connected. This connection can preferably be realized by a seam or adhesive bond 34 as in the second embodiment. The force threshold value that the tensile force acting on the tension element 3 directed away from the housing has to exceed in order for the predetermined breaking connections 23 to be destroyed is in this case the seam tear force or the adhesive tear force.

[00123] In Fig. 38 and Fig. 39, the tension element 4 with the overlapping tension element sections 36, which are connected by predetermined breaking connections 32, is shown again in detail and without the roller 7. Fig. 38 shows the tension element 4 almost completely unwound and the start of the projection 33 is visible.

[00124] In Fig. 39, the predetermined breaking connections 32 between the overlapping tension element sections 46 are already partially destroyed and the destroyed seams or adhesives 34 can be seen in a seam destruction area 45. It can also be seen in Fig. 39 that in an area following the seam destruction area 45, the seam or adhesive 34 of the predetermined breaking connections 32 is still intact.

[00125] However, other forms of predetermined breaking connections or damping connection elements are also conceivable.

[00126] In the exemplary embodiment, the predetermined breaking connections 32 extend one behind the other in the winding direction of the tension element 4 over a circumferential section of the roller 7 over 50% of a winding around the roller 7. However, shorter circumferential sections or a series of predetermined breaking connections 32 over several windings are also possible here.

[00127] The predetermined breaking connections 32 or the damping connecting element are designed in such a way that the peak impact load is limited in the event of a fall. The predetermined breaking connections 32 or the damping connecting element are destroyed until the overlapping tension element sections have completely separated from one another. The impact energy is converted by the destruction of the predetermined breaking connections 32 or the connecting element.

[00128] In the event of a fall, the predetermined breaking connections 32 or the damping connecting element at the tear start 33 are destroyed piece by piece and as a result the connected, overlapping tension element sections separate from one another. This is shown in Fig. 25, where some of the predetermined breaking connections 32 have already been destroyed. Such predetermined breaking connections 32 can be made as often as desired along the circumference; multi-layered overlapping tension element sections that are connected via one or more predetermined breaking connections 32 are also conceivable.

[00129] Figures 26-37 show a third embodiment of an equipment safety device 100 according to the invention with a locking element 8 designed as a lever 40. Apart from the specific design of the locking element 8, the equipment safety device 100 in the third embodiment has the same structure as was described in the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, the locking element 8 is designed as a lever 40, which is arranged on the housing and extends in the direction of the control track element 9.

[00130] Fig. 26 shows the arrangement of the pivot point 41 of the lever 40 of the locking element 8, which is designed as a cross in Fig. 26. The pivot point 41 is particularly advantageously positioned in the embodiment, since it is located outside the control track element 9. A cross-shaped design of the pivot point 41 is also particularly advantageous, since this shape can be easily produced using the injection molding process without component distortion. Alternatively, the pivot point 41 can of course also be designed as a cylinder. The only important thing is that the lever 40 can rotate about the pivot point 41.

[00131] Fig. 27 and Fig. 28 show views of the lever 40 with locking element bolt 19 in the housing or the lower housing shell 1. In order to be able to manage the height compensation when passing the individual ramps 22, a recess 44 is provided in the housing in the exemplary embodiment. The lever 40 can thus achieve the height compensation via a tilting edge 43. It is particularly advantageous if the lever 40 is slightly flexible, as can be achieved when made from plastic, for example. However, the height compensation, caused by the ramps 22, can also be carried out with a rigid lever through the recess 44 and tilting edge 43.

[00132] Fig. 29 to 34 show the locking element 8 designed as a lever 40 in the same positions or states as have already been described in Fig. 14 to 21. Therefore, only a brief description of the individual figures is given here and for a more detailed description reference is made to the figure description of Fig. 14 to 21 above.

[00133] Fig. 29 shows the retracted position or the initial state of the tension element 4, which is completely wound on the roller 7. The locking element bolt 19 is located in the freewheel track 25.

[00134] When the tension element 4 is pulled out, the locking element bolt 19 comes to the ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 between the freewheel track 25 and the locking track 36, which guides the locking element bolt 19 along the edge into the locking track 36. The tension element 4 can be pulled out partially or to the full extension. The locking element bolt 19 is always in the locking track 36. If it now comes to the ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 within the locking track 36 during the extension, it can simply slide over the ramp 22.

[00135] If the force on the tension element 4 is now reduced so that the force is smaller than the force exerted by the return element 11, resulting in the tension element 4 retracting again, the locking element bolt 19 is guided along the ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 within the locking track 36, see Fig. 30, from the locking track 36 into the locking element locking position 21. In this case, a further ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 between the locking track 36 and the control guide track 27 is also overcome.

[00136] In Fig. 31 and Fig. 32, the locking element bolt 19 is in the locking element locking position 21 of the control guide track 27. The pull on the pulling element 4 is now locked and the

The user has no annoying pull on the pulling element 4. He can now use the secured equipment without restrictions.

[00137] If the user pulls on the pulling element 4 again, the locking element bolt 19 is guided from a ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 between the locking track 36 and the control guide track 27 onto the control guide track 27, with the locking element bolt 19 sliding over a ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 within the control guide track 27. The locking element bolt 19 is then guided along the control guide track 27, i.e. the unlocking pull-out track. If the renewed pull on the pulling element 4 is only long enough for the locking element bolt 19 to remain within the control guide track 27 and the pulling element 4 is wound up again on the roller 7, the locking element bolt 19 is guided over a ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 within the control guide track 27 and over a ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 between the control guide track 27 and the freewheel track 25 back onto the freewheel track 25 and the pulling element 4 can wind up again on the roller 7.

[00138] However, if the pulling element 4 is pulled out from the locking element locking position 21 so far that the locking element bolt 19 reaches the unlocking extension track end 28, the locking element bolt 19 presses on the unlocking extension track end 28 and exerts a force. If this force is greater than the force required to rotate the freewheel element 10 in its freewheeling direction, the pulling element 4 can be pulled out as far as desired, but at most to the full extension or to the end position of the pulling element 4.

[00139] If the tensile force on the tension element 4 is now reduced at a point arbitrarily selected by the user so that the restoring force of the restoring element 11 winds the tension element 4 back onto the roller 7, the locking element bolt 19 is guided over the ramp locking side 23 of the ramp 22 within the control guide track 27 and the ramp freewheel side 24 of the ramp 22 between the control guide track 27 and the freewheel track 25 back onto the freewheel track 25 (see Fig. 34).

[00140] Fig. 33 shows a detailed view of the lever 40 from the third embodiment. Like the locking element 8 designed as a slider from the first embodiment, this has a locking element bolt 19 which is guided in the tracks 25, 27, 36 of the control track element 9. On the side of the lever 40 opposite the locking element bolt 19, a connecting element is provided which enables the lever 40 to be rotatably mounted in the housing. In the third embodiment, the connecting element is a circular opening 42 in the lever 40 so that the lever 40 can be placed on the pivot point 41 and the lever 40 is thus rotatably mounted on the housing. However, other types of connecting elements are also conceivable which enable the lever 40 to be rotated about an axis relative to the housing.

[00141] The sectional views Fig. 35 to 37 show the mounting of the lever 40 in the housing and how the lever 40 engages in the tracks 25, 27, 36 of the control track element 9. In addition, the tilting edge 43 and the free space for the tilting movement or the recess 44 can be seen in Fig. 36 and Fig. 37.

Claims (1)

patent claims 1. Safety device (100) for portable equipment, in particular portable tools, comprehensive - a housing in which a roller (7) and a return element (11) are arranged, wherein the roller (7) is arranged in the housing and is rotatably mounted relative to the housing, - a tension element (4) for fastening equipment, wherein the tension element (4) in an initial state is completely rolled up on the roll (7) and one end of the tension element (4) protrudes from the housing, - wherein the return element (11) is arranged between the housing and the roller (7) net is that the return element (11) exerts a tensile force on the roller (7) in the direction of the inner space of the housing, so that the tension element (4) can be rolled up on the roller (7), - wherein the tension element (4) can be rolled up to an end position in which the tension element (4) has completely unrolled from the roller (7) and can be pulled out of the housing relative to the housing when a tensile force directed away from the housing acts on the tension element (4), which is greater than the force exerted by the return element (11) on the roller (7), and - wherein the tension element (4) can be rolled up to the initial state on the roller (7) and can be retracted into the housing relative to the housing when a tensile force directed away from the housing acts on the tension element (4), which is smaller than the force exerted by the return element (11) on the roller (7), and - a locking mechanism comprising a control track element (9) with two concentrated rically extending radially spaced from each other, in particular circular or circular sector-shaped guideways and a concentric between the guideways. running centrically to the guideways, especially circular or circular ring sector-shaped control guide track (27), wherein the control guide track (27) has a locking element locking position (21), and a control track element (9) inserted engaging locking element (8), characterized by - that between the individual tracks of the control track element (9) ramps (22) are provided. are ordered, - that the locking element (8) in the guideways and the control guideway (27) and/or along the ramps (22) of the control track element (9), - that the control track element (9) is connected to the roller (7) via a freewheel element (10). is bound, - that the freewheel element (10) is designed as a leg spring (37) or torsion spring, wherein the leg spring or torsion spring is arranged on a roller (7) loop bolt (29) is fixed and wherein one end, in particular one leg, of the Leg spring (37) or torsion spring is connected to the control track (9) so that the control track element (9) is freely rotatable only in the freewheel direction and wherein one of the guideways as freewheel track (25) and the other of the guideways as blocking track (36), wherein the freewheel track (25) has a directed unidirectional connection to the barrier track (36) and wherein the barrier track (36) has a directed unidirectional Connection to the locking element locking position (21), so that by pulling on the pulling element (4) with a force that is greater than the force exerted by the return element (11) on the roller (7), the pulling element (4) can be pulled out of the housing and the locking element (8) can be guided freely in one of the guideways, so that the control track element (9) rotates with the roller (7), wherein when a pulling force directed away from the housing acts on the pulling element (4), which is smaller than the force exerted by the return element (11) on the roller (7), the pulling element (4) can be retracted into the housing by the return element (11) and the locking element (8) can be pressed from one of the guideways via one of the ramps (22) into the control guideway (27), and the locking element (8) can be brought into the locking element locking position (21), so that the rotation of the roller (7) relative to the housing 10th 11th AT 526 761 B1 2024-12-15 is blocked, and wherein when the blocking element (8) is positioned outside the blocking element blocking position (21), the roller (7) is rotatable relative to the housing, and - that the blocking element (8), when a tensile force directed away from the housing acts on the tensile element (4), which is greater than the force exerted by the return element (11) on the roller (7), can be guided from the blocking element blocking position (21) via one of the ramps (22) onto the control guide track (27) and/or one of the guide tracks and the tensile element (4) can be pulled out of the housing and/or rolled up on the roller (7). Fuse (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the return element (11) is designed as a spiral spring or torsion spring. Fuse (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (8) comprises a locking element bolt (19) engaging in the control track element (9) and guided in the tracks of the control track element (9). Fuse (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (8) is designed as a slider and is displaceable along an axis along guides arranged on the housing and/or formed on the housing. Fuse (100) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the locking element (8) is designed as a lever (40), wherein the lever (40) is arranged on the housing and extends in the direction of the control track element (9). Safety device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element locking position (21) has a directed unidirectional connection to the control guide track (27), wherein it is particularly provided that the control guide track (27) is designed as an unlocking pull-out track. Safety device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control guide track (27) has a directed unidirectional connection to the freewheel track (25). Fuse (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ramps (22) for establishing a directed unidirectional connection between the tracks (25, 36, 27) each - a ramp freewheel side (24) for changing the locking element (8), in particular the locking element bolt (19) of the locking element (8), into another track (25, 36, 27) and - a ramp blocking side (23) blocking the blocking element (8), in particular the blocking element bolt (19) of the blocking element (8), for blocking a change of the blocking element (8) into another path (25, 36, 27), in particular for blocking a change of the blocking element bolt (19) of the blocking element (8), along the edge of the ramp (22). Safety device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control guide track (27) has a stop at one end, in particular at an unlocking pull-out track end (28), so that the locking element (8), in particular the locking element bolt (19) of the locking element (8), is blocked at this end in the control guide track (27). Safety device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the guide tracks is designed in the shape of a circular ring and/or that the control guide track (27) is designed in the shape of a circular ring sector, in particular as a circular ring sector spanning a semicircle or a three-quarter circle. Safety device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking element (8) during the rolling up, when a tensile force directed away from the housing is again applied to the tensile element (4), which is smaller than the force exerted by the return element (11) on the roller (7), is released from one of the guide tracks via one of the Ramps (22) can be pressed into the control guide track (27) and guided back into the locking element locking position (21). 12. Safety device (100), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, for portable equipment, in particular portable tools, comprising - a housing in which a roller (7) and a return element (11) are arranged, wherein the roller (7) is arranged in the housing and is rotatably mounted relative to the housing, - a tension element (4) for fastening equipment, wherein the tension element (4) is completely rolled up on the roller (7) in an initial state and one end of the tension element (4) protrudes from the housing, - wherein the return element (11) is arranged between the housing and the roller (7) in such a way that the return element (11) exerts a tensile force on the roller (7) in the direction of the interior of the housing, so that the tension element (4) can be rolled up on the roller (7), - wherein the tension element (4) when a tensile force directed away from the housing acts on the tension element (4), which is greater than that of the return element (11) on the roller (7) exerted force, up to an end position in which the tension element (4) has completely unrolled from the roller (7), can be unrolled and pulled out of the latter relative to the housing, and wherein the tension element (4) has at least one predetermined breaking connection for fall dampening in the region of its end fixed to the roller (7), wherein the predetermined breaking connection is designed to absorb the tensile force when a tensile force directed away from the housing and exceeding a predetermined force threshold value acts on the tension element (4) after the tension element (4) has reached the end position and thus to dampen the fall. 13. Fuse (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that a plurality of predetermined breaking connections are arranged one behind the other over a circumferential section of the roller (7) in the winding direction of the tension element (4) around the roller (7), wherein it is provided in particular that the predetermined breaking connections extend over at least 25% of a winding of the tension element (4) around the roller (7), in particular over 50% to 300% of a winding. 14. Fuse (100) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the predetermined breaking connections are designed as a plurality of interconnected tension element sections (46) overlapping one another in the winding direction, wherein the tension element sections are interconnected by sewing or gluing. 15. Fuse (100) according to claim 14, characterized in that the force threshold value is the seam tear force or adhesive tear force. 17 sheets of drawings