AT68574B - Process for the production of very voluminous and lighter catalysts, especially suitable for reactions between liquids and gases. - Google Patents
Process for the production of very voluminous and lighter catalysts, especially suitable for reactions between liquids and gases.Info
- Publication number
- AT68574B AT68574B AT68574DA AT68574B AT 68574 B AT68574 B AT 68574B AT 68574D A AT68574D A AT 68574DA AT 68574 B AT68574 B AT 68574B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- voluminous
- catalysts
- liquids
- lighter
- gases
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Verfahren zur Gewinnung sehr voluminöser und leichter, insbesondere für Reaktionen zwischen Flüssigkeiten und Gasen geeigneter Katalysatoren.
Der Grad der katalytischen Wirksamkeit eines Metalloxyde oder Metalles hängt nicht nur von seiner chemischen, sondern wesentlich auch von seiner physikalischen Beschaffenheit ab.
Von den metallischen Katalysatoren, z. B. Nickel, Kobalt, Kupfer, Eisen, ist bekannt, dass ihre feine Verteilung für die Wirkung von grosser Bedeutung ist. Das nämliche gilt aber auch von den Oxyden dieser Metalle.
Es wurde nun gefunden, dass sich Metalloxyde dadurch in äusserst fein verteilter, voluminöser Form gewinnen lassen, dass man eine konzentrierte, wässerige Lösung des salpetersauren Salzes, dessen Oxyd man gewinnen will, mit einer wasserlöslichen, kohlenstoffreichen, organischen Verbindung mischt und diese Mischung bis zum Verbrennen erhitzt, indem man sie in ein erhitzes Gefäss eintropfen lässt. Durch die hiebei stattfindende starke Gasentwicklung der kohlenstoffhaltigen Verbindung und die Zersetzung des Nitrats wird das Metalloxyd voluminös aufgetrieben und fein zerstäubt.
Für dieses Verfahren eignen sich besonders solche organische Verbindungen, welche, wie die Zuckerarten und sonstigen Kohlehydrate, für sich allein erhitzt, eine voluminöse, sich stark aufblähende Kohle geben.
Beispiel : Salpetersäure von 142 spezifischem Gewicht wird mit einem gleichen Volum Wasser verdünnt. Reines, metallisches Nickel wird in diese Säure eingetragen.
Nach beendeter Reaktion wird noch zwei Stunden mit überschüssigem Nick.. 1 zum Sieden erhitzt, damit die Salpetersäure sich vollständig neutralisiert und etwa vorhandenes Eisen sich als Eisenoxydhydrat abscheidet. Die geklärte Niekelnitratlösung wird bis auf ein spezifisches Gewicht von 1'6 eingedampft und auf je 1 1 dieser Flüssigkeit (entsprechend 250 g Nickel) 180 gepulverter Rohrzucker eingerührt. Diese Lösung lässt man portionsweise in eins auf schwache Rotglut erhitzte Muffel einlaufen. Jede Portion wird solange erhitzt, bis die organische Substanz vollständig verbrannt ist und his keine roten Dämpfe mehr entweichen ; dann wird das entstandene voluminöse Nickeloxyd mit einem Kratzer aus der Muffel herausgeholt und eine neue Portion der Lösung eingetragen.
An Stelle von Rohrzucker kann man andere Znckerarteo anwenden oder auch wasserlösliche Stärke, Dextrin, Gummi, Weinsäure oder sonstige wasserlösliche organische Substanzen, die reich an Kohlenstoff sind.
In derselben Weise können Kobaltexyd, Eisenoxyd und andere katalytisch wirksame Metalloxyde in eine voluminöse Form gebracht werden.
Durch Reduktion mit Wasserstoff bei höherer Temperatur, am besten bei 00 bis 3000, lassen sich die Metalloxyde in ebenfalls sehr voluminöse und daher katalytitich besonders wirksame Metalle verwandeln.
Die auf beschriebene Weise hergestellten Katalysatoren eignen sich sowohl in der Oxydform wie in der metallischen Form in hervorragender Weise zur Übertragung von Wasserstoff auf ungesättigte organische Verbindungen.
PATENT-ANSPRÜCHE :
1. Verfahren zur Gewinnung sehr voluminöser und leichter, insbesondere für katalytische Reaktionen zwischen Flüssigkeiten und Gasen geeigneter Metalloxyde, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das Nitrat desjenigen Metalles, dessen Oxyd erhalten werden soll, in konzentrierter Lösung mit wasserlöslichen, kohlenstoffreichen, organischen Verbindungen, insbesondere Kohlehydraten, vermischt und durch Erhitzen zersetzt.
**WARNUNG** Ende DESC Feld kannt Anfang CLMS uberlappen**.
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for the production of very voluminous and lighter catalysts, especially suitable for reactions between liquids and gases.
The degree of catalytic effectiveness of a metal oxide or metal depends not only on its chemical, but also essentially on its physical properties.
Of the metallic catalysts, e.g. B. nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, it is known that their fine distribution is of great importance for the effect. The same is true of the oxides of these metals.
It has now been found that metal oxides can be obtained in extremely finely divided, voluminous form by mixing a concentrated, aqueous solution of the nitric acid salt whose oxide is to be obtained with a water-soluble, carbon-rich, organic compound and this mixture up to Burning is heated by dripping into a heated vessel. As a result of the strong evolution of gas from the carbon-containing compound and the decomposition of the nitrate, the metal oxide is voluminously expanded and finely atomized.
Organic compounds are particularly suitable for this process, which, like sugars and other carbohydrates, when heated on their own, give a voluminous, strongly puffing coal.
Example: nitric acid with a specific gravity of 142 is diluted with an equal volume of water. Pure, metallic nickel is added to this acid.
After the reaction has ended, the mixture is heated to boiling with excess nickel .. 1 for a further two hours so that the nitric acid is completely neutralized and any iron present is deposited as iron oxide hydrate. The clarified nickel nitrate solution is evaporated to a specific gravity of 16 and 180 powdered cane sugar is stirred into every 1 liter of this liquid (corresponding to 250 g of nickel). This solution is allowed to run in portions into a muffle heated to a weak red heat. Each portion is heated until the organic matter is completely burnt and no more red vapors escape; then the resulting voluminous nickel oxide is removed from the muffle with a scratch and a new portion of the solution is added.
Instead of cane sugar, you can use other Znckerarteo or water-soluble starch, dextrin, gum, tartaric acid or other water-soluble organic substances that are rich in carbon.
In the same way cobalt oxide, iron oxide and other catalytically active metal oxides can be brought into a voluminous form.
By reducing with hydrogen at a higher temperature, preferably between 00 and 3000, the metal oxides can also be converted into very voluminous and therefore catalytically particularly effective metals.
The catalysts prepared in the manner described are extremely suitable both in the oxide form and in the metallic form for the transfer of hydrogen to unsaturated organic compounds.
PATENT CLAIMS:
1. A method for obtaining very voluminous and lighter metal oxides, especially suitable for catalytic reactions between liquids and gases, characterized in that the nitrate of the metal whose oxide is to be obtained is in concentrated solution with water-soluble, carbon-rich, organic compounds, especially carbohydrates , mixed and decomposed by heating.
** WARNING ** End of DESC field may overlap beginning of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT68574T | 1912-12-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT68574B true AT68574B (en) | 1915-04-26 |
Family
ID=3590475
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT68574D AT68574B (en) | 1912-12-09 | 1912-12-09 | Process for the production of very voluminous and lighter catalysts, especially suitable for reactions between liquids and gases. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT68574B (en) |
-
1912
- 1912-12-09 AT AT68574D patent/AT68574B/en active
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