AT8552U1 - DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC HEATING, COOLING AND / OR HOT WATER HEATING - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for a biomass heating device (3), a buffer memory (4), a solar collector (5), a cooling device (6) and a fuel bearing (2). The device (1) is used for optimal automatic supply of a building with heating, for cooling and / or for heating domestic water. Due to its construction, the device (1) is a mobile heating and air conditioning house for building near installation. For this purpose, a stable floor element (7) via at least three supporting wall elements (8,9,10) with a ceiling element (11) is assembled into a power supply chamber , A wall forms a solar collector surface. This results in an isolated space for the inclusion of fuels from biomass for heating (3) or cooling devices (6), a buffer memory (4) and the control and regulating devices (12). In addition, power generators (13, 14) may be provided for the power supply. Between fuel storage (2) and equipment compartment (15) a partition (16) or an intermediate ceiling is provided. A transport device (17) ensures the controlled supply of fuel to the heater.

Description

2 AT 008 552 U1

The present invention relates to a device for automatic heating, cooling and water heating, which has been placed on a compact, quickly erectable but also easy to disassemble architecture and technology with sustainability.

Field of application is the heating and air-conditioning technology of buildings as well as the hot water treatment. The invention represents a transportable energy supply chamber. As a mobile heating and air conditioning building for building close mounting, the invention provides flexibility in the choice of the site. In addition to the arrangement on land near buildings, an adjacency to garages, car ports is just as conceivable as the installation on flat roofs or next to and by means of supports on car parking spaces. As a result, this device is an ecologically and economically advantageous alternative or supplement to conventional energy supply units, such as heating basements, or boiler rooms, especially those with natural gas or oil heating or block heating (power) plants.

The device uses combined system-optimized the advantages of solar heating systems with biomass heating systems with deliberate on renewable (renewable) fuels such as wood, wood chips, bark, bark mulch, wood chips, Holzbrickets, preferably pellets (pressed sawdust and sawdust without synthetic additives), straw, but also Wheat is set. The fuels used, in particular wood chips or pellets, are inexpensive, easy to transport and also suitable for automatic loading into the combustion chamber.

Another advantage of the device is given by the use as a cooling unit with absorption chillers or steam jet chillers are used. This provides solar cooling and water heating but also parallel cooling by biomass heating.

An electric power generation by a photovoltaic system or a heat energy coupling by means of Stirling engine is provided.

The invention thus offers from the space heating supply on the air conditioning (cooling) and the hot water preparation to power generation (for electric light and electrical appliances) all energy engineering possibilities.

State of the art

Automatically charged boilers with wood pellets and combinations of wood-burning stove and solar energy are already known and widely used. Many facilities are divided between basement and roof. In addition to the retrofitting or conversion of basements with the addition of solar panels on the roof or in the vicinity of the building even in the planning phase dual heat energy systems (sun plus gas boiler or oil, but also more and more pellet stoves) are used. The modules and components are individually available and can be used individually in any combination with a control. Architectural aspects are usually the decision for the type of heating supply scheduling. Exhibition brochures show model houses. Small flexible transportable and demountable buildings are used to demonstrate combined system combinations at sales or promotional events. These demonstration objects are not finished solutions or commercially available arrangements. In most cases, the reference is placed on a building, wherein a roof part is constructed with a solar collector for reference to a building roof, and the boiler room as such simulates the nature of a typical basement room.

Especially in the event of heating failures, there are a variety of mobile heating stations, which come during the repair of a system or when new construction of an outdated heating system for a limited period of time. However, these systems are equipped without solar modules and provide only by oil or gas or (more rarely) wood stoves a bridging aid for the provision of heating and domestic hot water. 3 AT 008 552 U1

Sustainable heating systems have already been clearly described in the literature and the advantages of biomass heating systems and solar thermal systems have been sufficiently explained. Examples are: "The Ecological Jesus" by Franz Alt, Brigitte Alt, Riemann-Verlag 2002 or "The Potential of Renewable Energies in the European Union" by Irm Pontenage 1999, or "Life in the 5 Hothouse" by Peter Fabian 2002 (both Springer- Publishing company).

Fully automatic biomass heaters have been identified as ideal for combination with solar storage tanks and collectors. These may be the solar " coverage gap " close in winter. The solar thermal system supplies the household with hot water during the summer and during the transitional periods and supports heating - the rest is provided by biomass heating. For this purpose, wood chips or pellets are preferably used. Pellets are rolls of pressed wood chips and sawdust. The raw material, untreated and dry residual wood comes from sawmills and the woodworking industry. It is molded under high pressure without the addition of chemical binders. The pellets are between 10 to 15 30 millimeters long and have a diameter of 6-8 mm. Its calorific value is about 4.9 kilowatt hours per kilogram, which corresponds to about half a liter of heating oil. Their quality is ensured by the DIN standard 51731. In addition to CO 2 -neutral combustion, the lower transport risk compared to fossil fuels represents an important ecological advantage: it eliminates the tanker gap and leaks in pipelines as well as the contamination of groundwater. At least twice as much space is required for the storage of wood chips or pellets as for heating oil and should be planned individually. The demand in kilograms corresponds to about twice the amount of consumed liters of heating oil without the savings made by the solar system. 25 A low-energy single-family home spends around 4 tonnes of pellets a year, requiring around 3.6 cubic meters of storage space. In new buildings in an individually planned room, in existing buildings in a so-called sack silo or in an underground tank in the garden. 30 The heart of a pellet heater is the combustion chamber. An automatic ignition sets the combustion in motion, which is controlled by a digital electronic control. It produces the optimum ratio of combustion air, fuel quantity and operating temperature. This allows low emissions and high efficiency: up to 95% are achievable. The dust and CO 2 emissions of pellet heating systems are significantly lower than those of other 35 biogenic solid fuels. Central heating systems with a capacity of up to 35 kilowatts are fed with either a so-called conveyor screw or a suction system with pellets. The simple technology of the screw conveyor is used when the storage space for the pellets lies directly next to the boiler room. It not only guarantees high operational safety, but also works very quietly. Although the pellets burn almost residue-free 40 it is necessary to suck the ash out of the combustion chamber every six to eight weeks, if there is no automatic ash discharge. At the market, there are special pellet boilers with 15 or 25 kW, where burners and heating surfaces are automatically cleaned. A screw conveyor transports the ash into a 25-liter container, which only needs to be emptied every three to five months. A vacuum induced draft blower can operate without natural draft in the 45 chimney, whereby small chimney lengths are possible.

Both single ovens and central heating can be combined with a solar thermal system. In this case, the installation of a combi buffer storage is required, which forms the interface between the solar system and heating. If the sun does not supply enough energy for the domestic hot water or the heating, a control automatically switches on the pellet heating at the corresponding storage tank temperature. Depending on the building standard (low-energy or passive house) and design of the solar system, up to one third of the heat demand can be directly covered by the sun, which lowers the fuel costs and provides an ideal supply without fossil energy. Combinations of biomass heaters with 55 electric machines to generate electricity exist. More recently, 4 AT 008 552 U1 also have solar collector systems with absorption or adsorption chillers for solar cooling.

The patent literature has various utility models. Thus, DE 202 19 041 U1 5 describes a heater for biomass fuels, which is installed in a heating building made of metal or plastic and is buried outside of the building to be heated in the ground. DE 20 2004 002 449 U1 describes a further heating building for biomass fuels, wherein a fuel storage can be filled via a ceiling opening. Utility model in DE 87 08 687 U1 describes a portable heating station, in particular for the heating of track switches. Here are mentioned above all the advantages of prefabrication. The heating station consists essentially of concrete. The fuel is oil.

However, all utility models mentioned so far do not have solar heating or a cooling system.

The utility model DE 299 13 263 U1 describes a heating system with at least one solar collector and a boiler fueled with fossil fuels. The published patent application DE 100 11 357 A1 describes a building system for environmentally friendly energy supply by means of an underground room cell made of waterproof concrete and a solar roof arranged above it as well as other energy and supply equipment. The published patent application DE 44 38 108 A1 describes a device for heating liquids, preferably water with a solar system and a conventional heat generator. The feature of this document is the use of solar hot water treatment and such by a heating system with a four-way mixing valve controls the heat energy flows. A disadvantage of all the examples mentioned are the lack of the possibility of simple Trans-30 portes and the short-term possible installation or location mobility (mobility) of the system while using sustainable energy sources such as biomass and solar energy. Solar cooling or thermal cooling is also not known in any combination with solar and biomass heating as well as mobility. 35 Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, quick to implement and cost-finished solution for the supply of buildings with heating, hot water and cooling on the basis of biomass and solar system (solar collector). It should be possible as little as possible for installation (or disassembly) and connection to existing or new buildings with hot water radiators or Nutz-hot water demand and for operation and maintenance. The acquisition, construction and operating costs of the device should be economical and savings or financing advantages (due to the mobility characteristic) compared to conventional systems to achieve. As Zusatzas-45 pekt is also intended to electrical energy production. Solution of the task

According to the invention the problem is solved by a device for automatically so heating, cooling and / or hot water heating. The device comprises a biomass heating device and a solar collector and / or cooling device. In this case, form a stable floor element via at least three supporting wall elements and a solar collector array with a ceiling element, a power supply chamber. The assembly takes place at the factory ex factory so that a transportable unit is created. A division into 55 several modules is provided depending on the size. It is intended to assemble the modules as quickly and easily as possible using plug-in, screwed or clamped connections.

This results in a prefabricated combined combination system of solar heating, preferably with solar cooling system and biomass heating, possibly also with caloric 5 energy supply to an absorption chiller or steam jet chiller or the like. In a coordinated manner, a prefabricated building of floor, wall, and ceiling elements, as well as the door prefabricated. The device is due to the compact design, suitable for transport via low loader, truck or helicopter. The dimensions of the assembled elements are designed to be static and designed so that sufficient fuel storage space is available. The system optimization and inspection takes place before the installation on site. The fuel space preferably has a bulk hopper, an agitator or the like and a fuel transport device (screw conveyor, suction system, blower). Advantages of the subject invention over the prior art are the finished system-optimized composition of the heating and cooling system tailored to the needs of the user, while using sustainable environmentally friendly and cost-effective resources such as solar energy and biomass fuels. Approximately eleven times as much biomass is growing worldwide as is needed for the entire energy supply. Another advantage is the low time required for installation and installation, retrofitting or replacement and replacement of older systems. For non-basement buildings, the energy supply chamber offers a pre-picked and economical space-saving solution for the building to be supplied. In addition, independence from mineral oil companies and fossil fuel prices can be achieved. Different performance classes can already be pre-produced in warehouse 25. This reduces the construction time. The plant can be set up within a few days. Changing, replacing or extending the system is easy and straightforward. The positioning in the vicinity of the building to be supplied (garden, next to and on garages) is just as possible as on flat roofs. For the installation are hardly to no structural measures on existing buildings with existing radiators and 30 water pipes required. An added benefit is given by the solar or Kalorische cooling especially in the time outside the heating season. Disassembly and relocation of the device is possible quickly and easily.

The invention will be explained with reference to the following figures. Show: 35

Fig. 1 is a simplified exploded view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment, in particular for sketching the energy cycle. 40 In Fig. 1, the exploded view of the device 1 can be seen. A stable bottom element 7 forms, together with three preferably supporting wall elements 8,9,10, a space for a fuel storage 2, a biomass heater 3, a buffer 4, a solar collector 5 and / or a cooling device 6. This creates a transportable unit. 1 This can be assembled and assembled ready for connection to the piping for water, 45 heating or cooling system to be brought to the installation site. Larger devices 1 are constructed in modules that are transportable and are quick and easy to assemble at the installation site. The solar collector 5 consists of at least a flat collector or a vacuum tube collector or similar radiation absorbers for solar radiation and are preferably arranged in a frame. The solar collector 5 may constitute the fourth wall or may be attached to an element for forming this fourth wall. For an adjacent installation to an existing building, the fourth wall between the device 1 and the building to be supplied can also be omitted.

For the sake of clarity, the presentation of the lines for water or 55 power was completely omitted. However, these are shown in Fig. 2. 6 AT 008 552 U1

A partition member 16 is provided for partitioning the room. As a result, the storage area 2 for the biomass fuel is separated from the equipment compartment 15. Instead of a partition element 16 may also be a false ceiling for the division of space available. As a result, the fuel can be arranged above the equipment compartment 15, whereby smaller 5 land surfaces are required with a higher design. Combinations with partition elements and false ceilings are also possible.

For inspection or maintenance, as well as for fuel introduction or ash removal, it is advantageous if a wall element 10 has a door frame 19 with a door 20 and preferably io a locking device 25. Also, the partition member 16 may have a window or a maintenance door, preferably with a glass or plastic viewing port.

As a fuel supply device 17, a bulk hopper 18 is shown. But it is also a motor-driven agitator replaceable, resulting in more storage space results. The fuel 15 is supplied as bulk material of a screw conveyor, which is preferably driven by an electric motor. A vacuum aspirator or blower provides further transport for the fuel from the fuel bearing 2 into the combustion chamber. Possible biomass fuels are wood pellets, pellets, wood chips, straw but also wheat or olive or other stone fruit seeds, dry pomace, husks, nuts or nutshells as well as other processed waste products of agriculture and forestry. For the fresh air supply, the exhaust pipe feedthrough, the supply and discharge lines of the heating and cooling medium, the cold water supply and for the hot water connection is at least a bottom, wall, partition wall or ceiling element 7,8,9, 10,16,11 provided with openings. At least one opening 26 is provided for filling the fuel bearing 2. This can have tubes and / or closing devices.

According to the invention advantageously cross-laminated timber panels, cross-laminated wood panels, plates 30 made of multi-ply wood, such as three-ply or five-ply wood or the like for the elements for floor 7, 8,9,10 walls, ceiling 11, partition 16, false ceiling, door 20 or for the bulk hopper 18th These preferably already have a protective impregnation against weathering by moisture, moisture, insect, fungus or moss attack. Especially for series production or custom-made products, these building materials offer optimum conditions in terms of visual, ecological, economic and static aspects. They can have different color coats. Main material is spruce wood. Cross laminated timber is a plate-shaped material made up of an odd number of board layers with a thickness between 15 and 30 (40) mm. Currently, softwoods are used for the production, the wood moisture is about 12% + / - 2%. Due to the barrier effect achieved, the resulting solid wood panels are very dimensionally stable. Depending on the manufacturer, the plates are produced in thicknesses of 45 - 350 (600) mm. As a rule, finger-jointed lamellas made from dried spruce, fir, larch, Swiss stone pine or Douglas fir wood of sorting class S7 or S10 are used. These are pressed with PUR adhesive, melamine resin, phenolic resorcinol resin or urea resin under vacuum at atmospheric pressure or up to a compression pressure of 10 kg / cm 2 45. The cover layers can also be made of other materials, as required, e.g. made of wood-based materials or solid wood panels to improve the surface (visual quality, A, B or C quality, sanded or sawn). Even cover layers with plasterboard are possible to improve the fire protection. Specially impregnated veneer plywood is suitable as weather protection for the exterior walls. Consequently, the resulting plates may have different quality depending on the purpose of use front and back.

For the insulation of the ceiling elements 11 and as additional protection from rain and snow, a cover 21 made of metal or plastic or combinations thereof, for example, galvanized sheet metal with UV-resistant and rot-proof plastic film is provided. 55 guide lugs or troughs ensure the controlled drainage of rainwater. 7 AT 008 552 U1

As a control center, an electronic control and regulating device 12 is connected to temperature sensors mounted on the wall in the area of the device zone.

This has an input interface for changing factory preset parameters-5 tern for the automatic switching on and off of the feed motors 28, pumps 27, or blowers and preferably magnetic or motorized valves 29, via a program control. The change can be made manually and locally, or by a separate user. Essentially, the values for the time periods and associated heating or cooling capacity can be changed. The digital program, controls, menu supports, the processes depending on the io control variables (temperature sensor, -regier) and ensures optimum connection of the boiler 3 in case of insufficient solar heat.

An exhaust pipe 24, preferably made of metal is attached to the outside and connected via the passage opening with the biomass heater. 15

The ash deposit in the heating device 3, or in its environment preferably has a filling volume which is sufficient for at least the expected ash volume due to the complete heating of a fuel storage filling. A conveyor can serve for ash application. 20

The electrical power supply can take place via an electrical connection preferably with fuse box through a supply line from the outside. The power supply is used to supply the electronic and electrical equipment, such as the control and regulating device 12, the pump 27, the valves 29, at least one interior lighting device 25 22 and the drives 28 for the conveyors 17th

However, it is more advantageous and for the constancy and independence of external energy if an electrical storage cell with a solar energy converter, a photovoltaic cell (13) or the like, which is preferably attached to the outside, is used to operate the device 1. The use of a heat engine 14, preferably a Stirling generator or a linear piston engine in the interior and in combination with the heater 3 is a useful improvement of the device 1 (see also Fig. 2).

Two horizontally arranged wooden posts 30 made of solid wood or glued laminated timber 35 are provided for mounting the device 1. At least two preferably metallic foundation profiles 31 preferably made of aluminum or stainless steel serve to hold the wooden posts.

It is expedient for the device 1 to have a remote control and / or interrogation device 23 for monitoring and / or monitoring, preferably via a network connection (LAN), a telephone connection by means of a modem, a radio connection (WLAN, Bluetooth), a mobile radio connection (GMS, GPRS, UMTS) or the like. As a result, the operating state of the system can be queried at any time and changed if necessary without having to enter the device 1. Through pipes, the fuel can be introduced into the storage room (for example blown). Thus, the energy chamber is also suitable for installation in rough, sloping or difficult to access terrain. Thus, for example, it is possible for additional sensors to analyze the fill level of the fuel store 2 and for a program software to trigger an order for fuel when a threshold value is reached at a supplier. 50

A secure Internet connection, an Internet site, an e-mail program or the like is also replaceable for the remote query of all relevant data of the system and the password-secured setting of dialing parameters. The biomass heating device 3 is preferably a pellet or a wood chip heating.

Claims (20)

AT 008 552 U1 The buffer 4 is connected or connectable via valves 29 with the caloric heating circuit and / or the cold water supply and hot water extraction line, and has at least one heat exchanger connected to the solar collector 5, the biomass heater 3 or the service water supply or can be connected via valves 29. An expansion vessel is also required to account for thermal expansion. As the cooling device 6, an absorption refrigerator, an adsorption refrigerator, preferably a steam jet refrigerator or the like and combinations of these machines are suitable. These use the drive heat supply for the cooling circuit from the solar heating circuit and / or the caloric heating circuit. The chiller may be part of an air conditioner and / or a climate cabinet, a refrigerator or a cooling chamber. Fig. 2 shows a typical system for the mobile energy chamber 1, according to the invention claim. From the bulk hopper 18, the biomass (pellets or wood chips) passes to the heater 3. This generates hot combustion gases, which are first passed through a power generator 14 for electrical energy conversion, and are filtered and cooled discharged into the circulating air. Power is generated by a Stirling generator or a steam turbine by means of an evaporator. The exhaust gases or the waste heat of the turbine is supplied via a heat exchanger 34 to the buffer memory 4. Alternatively or simultaneously, solar heat is absorbed by a solar collector in a second circuit and discharged through a further heat exchanger to the buffer memory. The control and regulating device 12 switches the heating device 3 only in case of need to save fuel. Photovoltaic cells 13 25 can provide additional energy. The buffer tank supplies the hot water and the heating water and via a heat exchanger, the drive heat for the absorption refrigerator 6, which is used for refrigerant generation and air conditioning (cooling). LIST OF REFERENCES: 1 energy chamber 12 control and screw conveyor) 26 pump 2 fuel bearing control device 18 bulk material hopper 27 motor 3 heating device 13 power generator 19 door frame 28 valve 4 buffer memory (eg photovoltaic cell) 20 door 29 support post 5 solar collector 14 power generator 21 protective cover 30 Foundation profile 6 Cooling device (eg Stiiiing generator, interior light 31 Electrical storage 7 Steam generator, equipment (accumulator) 8 Wall element 1 15 Equipment compartment 22 Remote control 32 Expansion vessel 9 Wall element 2 16 Partition wall 23 Exhaust pipe 33 Heat exchanger 10 Wall element 3 17 Fuel supply 24 Shut-off device 11 Ceiling element From Apparatus (1) for automatic heating, cooling and hot water heating using such a biomass heating device (3) and a solar collector (5), characterized in that at least one stable B odenelement (7) with at least three wall elements (8,9,10) and at least one solar panel (5) and at least one ceiling element (11) are assembled into a transportable unit, or can be connected from prefabricated transportable modules to one, wherein a biomass heating -55 boiler (3), a buffer memory (4), and a cooling device (6) within the unit 9 AT 008 552 U1 is provided or outside of the device (1) can be mounted. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one partition element (16) and / or at least one false ceiling for separating the space in a fuel bearing (2) and a device compartment (15) are provided / is. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one wall element (10) has a door frame (19) with a door (20) and preferably a locking device (25). 10 4. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a fuel supply device (17) preferably a stirrer or a bulk hopper (18) and a preferably electric motor driven screw conveyor, a vacuum suction device, a blower and / or the like is provided from the fuel storage to the heating device. 5. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one wall, partition wall or ceiling element (8,9,10,11,16) at least one preferably cased and / or closable opening (26) for feeding of the biomass fuel and other openings for the supply of fresh air, the exhaust pipe passage, for the supply and discharge lines for the heating and cooling medium, the cold water supply and for the hot water connection. 6. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that 25 at least one of the elements for floor 7, walls 8,9,10, ceiling 11, partition 16, false ceiling, door 20 or for the bulk hopper 18 with or out a cross laminated board, cross laminated wood board, made of multi-ply wood, such as three-ply or five-ply wood or the like. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the material has a protection impregnation against weathering. 8. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ceiling elements (11) have a protective cover (21) made of metal or plastic or combinations thereof for roof insulation, preferably made of galvanized tinsmith sheet with UV-resistant and rot-proof plastic film. 9. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an electronic control and regulating device (12) and temperature sensors, for the au- 40 matic control of the conveyor motors (28), pumps (27), blower, the Zündvorrich device and preferably magnetic valves (29) is provided. 10. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that on the outside of an exhaust pipe (24) is provided. 45 11. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has an ash depot in the heating device (3), or in its environment and connected by means of conveying device, which preferably has a filling volume, the at least the expected ash volume due to the complete heating of such a fuel storage filling is sufficient. 12. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it has an electrical connection with fuse box for the supply of the control and regulating device (12), the pump (27), the valves (29), at least one Innenraumbe- 55 lighting device (22) and the drives (28) for the conveyors (17). 10 AT008 552U1 13. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that for the electrical power supply at least the controller (12), the pump (27), motors (28) or the interior lighting (22), at least one electric storage cell with a solar energy Converter, a photovoltaic cell (13) or the like is used, which is preferably 5 attached to the outside of the device (1), and / or a heat engine (14), preferably a Stirling generator or a linear piston machine preferably in the interior in Combination with the heater (3) is provided. 14. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that io as a support at least two wooden posts (30) (solid or glued laminated timber) are provided, which are preferably made of aluminum or stainless steel in at least two metallic foundation profiles (31). 15. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that 15 a remote control and / or remote interrogation device (23) for monitoring and / or moni monitoring, preferably via a network connection (LAN), a telephone connection by modem, a radio link (WLAN, Bluetooth), a mobile connection (GMS, GPRS, UMTS) or the like is provided. 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that via a preferably secure Internet connection an Internet page for the remote query of all relevant data of the system and the password-secured setting of dialing parameters is provided. 17. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the biomass heating device is a pellet or a wood chip heating. 18. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the buffer memory via valves with the caloric heating circuit and / or the Kaltwasserzu- 30 line and hot water extraction line is connected or connectable, and has at least one heat exchanger connected to the Solar collector (5), the Biomasseheizvorrichtung (3) or the service water supply connected or connectable via valves. 19. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the cooling device includes an absorption chiller, an adsorption chiller, preferably a steam jet chiller or the like or combinations of these machines and the drive heat supply for the cooling circuit over the Solar heating circuit and / or the caloric heating circuit takes place. 20. The apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that the refrigeration unit is part of an air conditioner and / or a climatic chamber, a refrigerator or a cooling chamber. 45 In addition 2 sheets of drawings 50 55