ATE253870T1 - Saugnapf mit nachgiebiger dichtlippe für einen vakuumextraktorzur geburtshilfe - Google Patents
Saugnapf mit nachgiebiger dichtlippe für einen vakuumextraktorzur geburtshilfeInfo
- Publication number
- ATE253870T1 ATE253870T1 AT98919979T AT98919979T ATE253870T1 AT E253870 T1 ATE253870 T1 AT E253870T1 AT 98919979 T AT98919979 T AT 98919979T AT 98919979 T AT98919979 T AT 98919979T AT E253870 T1 ATE253870 T1 AT E253870T1
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- obstetrics
- vacuum extractor
- suction cup
- sealing lip
- vacuum
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000273618 Sphenoclea zeylanica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001605 fetal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods
- A61B17/44—Obstetrical forceps
- A61B17/442—Obstetrical forceps without pivotal connections, e.g. using vacuum
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/853,422 US5935136A (en) | 1997-05-09 | 1997-05-09 | Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with soft molded lip |
| PCT/US1998/008612 WO1998049958A1 (en) | 1997-05-09 | 1998-04-29 | Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with soft molded lip |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ATE253870T1 true ATE253870T1 (de) | 2003-11-15 |
Family
ID=25316000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT98919979T ATE253870T1 (de) | 1997-05-09 | 1998-04-29 | Saugnapf mit nachgiebiger dichtlippe für einen vakuumextraktorzur geburtshilfe |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US5935136A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0923348B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE253870T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69819667T2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1998049958A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (57)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5935136A (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 1999-08-10 | Pristech, Inc. | Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with soft molded lip |
| US6059795A (en) * | 1998-05-08 | 2000-05-09 | Clinical Innovations | Maneuverable fetal vacuum extraction for use with malpresenting fetus |
| US6355047B1 (en) | 1998-05-08 | 2002-03-12 | Clinical Innovations | Traction force sensing vacuum extractor |
| US6641575B1 (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2003-11-04 | Neal M. Lonky | Surgical vacuum instrument for retracting, extracting, and manipulating tissue |
| US20050203334A1 (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2005-09-15 | Lonky Neal M. | Vacuum instrument for laparotomy procedures |
| WO2001003590A1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2001-01-18 | Prism Enterprises, Inc. | Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup |
| US6179845B1 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-01-30 | Scott W. Peters | Obstetrical vacuum extractor |
| US6491693B1 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2002-12-10 | Michael Lytinas | Method of promoting osteogenesis by application of a vacuum to affected bone areas, and device for same |
| US6383198B1 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2002-05-07 | Scimed Life System, Inc. | Flexible vacuum grabber for holding lesions |
| US8409214B2 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2013-04-02 | Meditech Development Incorporated | Portable regulated vacuum pump for medical procedures |
| US8915894B1 (en) | 2000-01-24 | 2014-12-23 | Meditech Development Incorporated | Vacuum cup for delivery of agents during vacuum treatment |
| WO2001062326A1 (de) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-30 | MAP Medizintechnik für Arzt und Patient GmbH & Co. KG | Dichtlippeneinrichtung für eine atemmaske, atemmaske sowie verfahren und formwerkzeug zur herstellung derselben |
| US6361542B1 (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2002-03-26 | Prism Enterprises, Inc. | Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with force measuring capabilities |
| DE20017940U1 (de) | 2000-10-19 | 2000-12-28 | MAP Medizintechnik für Arzt und Patient GmbH & Co KG, 82152 Planegg | Atemmaske zur Zufuhr eines Atemgases zu einem Maskenanwender sowie Ableitungseinrichtung zur Ableitung von Atemgas |
| DE10151984C5 (de) | 2001-10-22 | 2008-07-17 | Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh | Applikationsvorrichtung für eine Atemmaskenanordnung |
| US7320323B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2008-01-22 | Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh | Breathing mask device and application device and frontal support device thereof |
| DE10201682A1 (de) | 2002-01-17 | 2003-07-31 | Map Medizin Technologie Gmbh | Atemmaskenanordnung |
| EP3009159B1 (de) | 2002-09-06 | 2020-02-19 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Stirnpolster für atemmaske |
| US7169151B1 (en) | 2003-04-10 | 2007-01-30 | Kci Licensing, Inc. | Bone regeneration device for long bones, and method of use |
| NZ551715A (en) | 2004-06-16 | 2011-02-25 | Resmed Ltd | Single piece, gussetted cushion for a respiratory mask assembly |
| DK176329B1 (da) * | 2004-09-09 | 2007-08-13 | Lina Medical Aps | Obstetisk vakuumkop |
| US7476231B2 (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2009-01-13 | Ross Michael G | Obstetrical vacuum extractor |
| EP1671599A1 (de) * | 2004-12-14 | 2006-06-21 | Medela Holding AG | Geburtshilfeinstrument |
| EP2712646B1 (de) | 2005-01-12 | 2018-08-22 | ResMed Limited | Kissen für Patientenschnittstelle |
| US8297283B2 (en) | 2005-01-12 | 2012-10-30 | Resmed Limited | Respiratory masks with gusseted cushions |
| US8397728B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2013-03-19 | Resmed Limited | Cushion to frame assembly mechanism |
| WO2007048174A1 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2007-05-03 | Resmed Ltd | Interchangeable mask assembly |
| US20080072368A1 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-03-27 | Lucky Nwankwo | Sanitary Lifting Device for a Toilet Seat or Seat Cover |
| US7931651B2 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2011-04-26 | Wake Lake University Health Sciences | External fixation assembly and method of use |
| US8377016B2 (en) | 2007-01-10 | 2013-02-19 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Apparatus and method for wound treatment employing periodic sub-atmospheric pressure |
| US8517023B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2013-08-27 | Resmed Limited | Mask system with interchangeable headgear connectors |
| NZ589685A (en) | 2007-04-19 | 2012-06-29 | Resmed Ltd | Cushion for patient breathing interface with variable density foam supported membrane |
| FR2918869B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-16 | 2010-08-20 | Collin Orl | Cupule de systeme de ventouse pour extraction obstetricale et systeme de ventouse pour extraction obstetricale comprenant une telle cupule |
| RU2489993C2 (ru) | 2007-10-10 | 2013-08-20 | Уэйк Форест Юниверсити Хелс Сайенсиз | Устройство и способ для лечения ткани спинного мозга |
| EP2209429A2 (de) * | 2007-11-08 | 2010-07-28 | Association For Public Health Services | Vakuumextraktor |
| BRPI0906939A2 (pt) | 2008-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | Univ Wake Forest Health Sciences | aparelho e método para tratar tecido do sistema nervoso central lesionado. |
| FR2927249B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-08 | 2011-03-04 | Univ Joseph Fourier | Dispositif de controle hemostatique d'un ecoulement sanguin |
| US11331447B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2022-05-17 | ResMed Pty Ltd | Mask system with snap-fit shroud |
| US8550084B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2013-10-08 | Resmed Limited | Mask system |
| EP2313008B1 (de) | 2008-07-18 | 2017-04-12 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Vorrichtung zur herzgewebemodulation mittels topischer anwendung von vakuum zur minimierung von zelltod und -beschädigung |
| US9011393B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2015-04-21 | Kci Licensing, Inc. | Systems, methods, and devices for restoring lymphatic flow associated with a subcutaneous defect in a patients body |
| CA2787936A1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Device to assist delivery of fetal head at cesarean section |
| USD639941S1 (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-06-14 | Gadi Porat | Traction limiter handle |
| EP2618883A4 (de) * | 2010-09-20 | 2014-05-14 | Britamed Inc | Vakuumverankerungskatheter |
| GB2485967B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | Monty Medical Ltd | Obstetric vacuum extractor |
| AR081564A1 (es) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-10-03 | Desarrollos Tecnologicos Device S R L | Un dispositivo de extraccion de elementos contenidos en cavidades, que usa una bolsa para su extraccion y un aplicador |
| US9186444B2 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2015-11-17 | Meditech Development Incorporated | Portable regulated pressure devices for medical procedures |
| US10524834B2 (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2020-01-07 | Daylight Ob, Llc | Obstetrical instrument |
| USD745153S1 (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-12-08 | Riiviva LLC | Cellulite vacuum head |
| WO2016038195A1 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-03-17 | Lina Medical Aps | Vacuum assisted fetal extractor |
| AU201716243S (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-11-23 | JCT Solutions Pty Ltd | Obstetrical vacuum apparatus |
| AU201716244S (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-11-23 | JCT Solutions Pty Ltd | Obstetrical vacuum apparatus |
| AU201716242S (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-11-23 | JCT Solutions Pty Ltd | Obstetrical vacuum apparatus |
| US11344287B2 (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2022-05-31 | Lapovations, LLC | Laparoscopic surgical instrument |
| US11856898B2 (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2024-01-02 | 4Ag Robotics Inc. | Automated mushroom harvesting system |
| WO2025166444A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 | 2025-08-14 | 4Ag Robotics Inc. | Machine-learning-enabled tool changer for mushroom crop management system |
| US12377567B1 (en) | 2024-11-22 | 2025-08-05 | 4Ag Robotics Inc. | Mushroom trimming and sorting system |
Family Cites Families (61)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US667447A (en) * | 1900-07-16 | 1901-02-05 | Harry L Miller | Bust-developer. |
| US674738A (en) * | 1900-09-27 | 1901-05-21 | George T Mills | Veterinary surgical instrument. |
| US897289A (en) * | 1907-03-22 | 1908-09-01 | Truman W Howell | Breast-pumping machine. |
| US1377558A (en) * | 1920-03-09 | 1921-05-10 | John H Burke | Vacuum-chuck |
| US1782814A (en) * | 1927-01-03 | 1930-11-25 | Froehlich Eugene | Obstetrical extractor |
| US2227673A (en) * | 1938-10-12 | 1941-01-07 | Joel S Price | Obstetrical instrument |
| US2295817A (en) * | 1939-03-06 | 1942-09-15 | Conard P Winther | Vibratory massage device |
| BE491557A (de) * | 1948-10-08 | |||
| FR1087487A (fr) * | 1953-08-05 | 1955-02-24 | Perfectionnements aux ventouses d'accouchement | |
| US3299193A (en) * | 1961-04-12 | 1967-01-17 | Luis Vergara | Process for making pneumatic balls |
| US3202152A (en) * | 1963-03-08 | 1965-08-24 | John F Wood | Vacuum extractor for childbirth |
| US3521630A (en) * | 1967-04-07 | 1970-07-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Respirator face mask with replaceable filter |
| US3417899A (en) * | 1967-05-09 | 1968-12-24 | Unette Corp | Tube closure |
| US3592198A (en) * | 1967-10-31 | 1971-07-13 | Evan F Evans | Obstetrical instrument for fetus extraction |
| DE1800287A1 (de) * | 1968-10-01 | 1970-04-23 | Walter Wobbe | Vorrichtung zur Unterdruckbehandlung von Schwangeren |
| US3794044A (en) * | 1971-10-20 | 1974-02-26 | Ethyl Corp | Delivery forceps |
| US3765408A (en) * | 1972-03-16 | 1973-10-16 | Kawai Tosando Kk | Soft obstetric vacuum cup for assisting childbirth |
| US4014344A (en) * | 1973-01-11 | 1977-03-29 | Moises Hernandez Gutierrez | Decompression beds for childbirth and method for using them |
| US4007941A (en) * | 1975-07-24 | 1977-02-15 | Acta Limited | Seal for duct terminator |
| AR207088A1 (es) * | 1975-07-29 | 1976-09-09 | Anger Anton Maschbau | Procedimiento para producir un articulo de material sintetico |
| US3988793A (en) * | 1975-09-16 | 1976-11-02 | Abitbol M Maurice | Device for preventing and treating toxemia in pregnant women |
| US4011819A (en) * | 1976-03-03 | 1977-03-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Stress relieved molded cover assembly and method of making the same |
| US4106658A (en) * | 1977-06-06 | 1978-08-15 | Brandon Richard N | Platter |
| US4338278A (en) * | 1977-07-08 | 1982-07-06 | Schultz Robert S | Method for making a collapsible dispensing tube having an anchored barrier member |
| US4375948A (en) * | 1979-12-07 | 1983-03-08 | Holdt J W Von | Plastic bucket defining annular inwardly projecting ridge and method |
| US4620544A (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1986-11-04 | Alexander G. O'Neil | Vacuum extractor |
| SE427522B (sv) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-04-18 | Vacuum Extractor Ab | Obstetrisk suganordning till vakuumdrivna forlossningsextraktorer |
| US4467930A (en) | 1982-04-06 | 1984-08-28 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Overmolded closure seal |
| US4633865A (en) * | 1984-07-19 | 1987-01-06 | Rewoplan Medizin-Technische Einrichtungsgesellschaft Mbh | Device for performing examinations and interventions in the abdominal cavity of a patient |
| US4632267A (en) | 1984-11-13 | 1986-12-30 | Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. | Overmolded port closure |
| CH666614A5 (de) * | 1984-12-24 | 1988-08-15 | Isg Ag | Verfahren zum foerdern der wehentaetigkeit bei schwangeren frauen. |
| DE3535055A1 (de) * | 1985-08-07 | 1987-02-19 | Siegfried Dr King | Vakuum extraktor zur geburtshilfe |
| US4983160A (en) | 1985-09-27 | 1991-01-08 | Nestle S.A. | Rigid transparent fluid conduit for ophthalmic surgical irrigation |
| DE3770662D1 (de) * | 1986-02-28 | 1991-07-18 | Ameda Ag | Einsatzstueck fuer brustpumpen. |
| US5108808A (en) * | 1988-02-18 | 1992-04-28 | Johnson Kendrick A | Coffee carafe |
| US5021206A (en) | 1988-12-12 | 1991-06-04 | Olin Corporation | Method of molding a dual plastic shotshell casing |
| USD320855S (en) | 1989-03-27 | 1991-10-15 | Lawrence Smith | Birthing-assistance vacuum bell |
| US5019086A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-05-28 | Neward Theodore C | Manipulable vacuum extractor for childbirth and method of using the same |
| EP0547144B1 (de) * | 1990-09-06 | 1995-05-31 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Geburtshaube zur unterstützung der entbindung |
| US5246065A (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1993-09-21 | Cadillac Rubber & Plastics, Inc. | Heat exchanger tank incorporating an overmolded gasket |
| US5132494A (en) | 1991-03-01 | 1992-07-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Dual durometer twist-on connector |
| US5645522A (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1997-07-08 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Devices and methods for controlled external chest compression |
| DE4126331C2 (de) * | 1991-08-08 | 1995-03-16 | King Siegfried | Griffteil für eine Saugglocke zur Geburtshilfe |
| US5163944A (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1992-11-17 | Neward Theodore C | Obstetrical vacuum extractor |
| US5224947A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-07-06 | Cooper Richard N | Soft, readily expandable vacuum bell assembly |
| US5308327A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1994-05-03 | Advanced Surgical Inc. | Self-deployed inflatable retractor |
| US5251954A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-10-12 | Starcade, Inc. | Plastic vehicle cowling with integrally molded seal |
| US5308321A (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1994-05-03 | Castro Donna J | Retainer assisted by vacuum expansion system |
| US5375183A (en) | 1993-05-25 | 1994-12-20 | The Whitaker Corporation | Overmolded alignment ferrule |
| US5395379A (en) * | 1993-07-22 | 1995-03-07 | Deutchman; Mark E. | Extractor for childbirth and aspirator/injector device |
| US5405467A (en) * | 1993-08-09 | 1995-04-11 | Hydril Company | Rubber riveting of molded parts |
| US5415825A (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1995-05-16 | Dayco Products, Inc. | Branched hose construction, hose unit therefor and methods of making the same |
| US5433038A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-07-18 | Gencorp Inc. | Vehicle window weather sealing strip with retaining clip |
| US5462622A (en) | 1994-06-09 | 1995-10-31 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Molding an electrical element within a premold element and an overmold element to provide a one-piece component |
| US5842711A (en) | 1994-11-16 | 1998-12-01 | Bird S.A. | Bicycle frame |
| US5626489A (en) | 1995-04-13 | 1997-05-06 | Molex Incorporated | Sealed electrical connector assembly |
| GB2302024B (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1998-10-07 | Malix Polymer Engineering Limi | Obstetric vacuum extractor |
| US5957725A (en) | 1995-07-05 | 1999-09-28 | Auto Splice Systems Inc. | Continuous molded plastic components or assemblies |
| WO1997031205A1 (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-28 | John Crane Inc. | Improved radial lip shaft seal |
| US5713909A (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 1998-02-03 | Lindsay; Richard G. | Vacuum extractor |
| US5935136A (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 1999-08-10 | Pristech, Inc. | Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with soft molded lip |
-
1997
- 1997-05-09 US US08/853,422 patent/US5935136A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-04-29 WO PCT/US1998/008612 patent/WO1998049958A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-29 DE DE69819667T patent/DE69819667T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-29 EP EP98919979A patent/EP0923348B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-29 AT AT98919979T patent/ATE253870T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-07-09 US US09/350,438 patent/US6723105B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-03-08 US US10/795,564 patent/US20040167541A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20040167541A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| US6723105B1 (en) | 2004-04-20 |
| DE69819667D1 (de) | 2003-12-18 |
| DE69819667T2 (de) | 2004-09-30 |
| EP0923348A1 (de) | 1999-06-23 |
| EP0923348B1 (de) | 2003-11-12 |
| US5935136A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
| WO1998049958A1 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE69819667D1 (de) | Saugnapf mit nachgiebiger dichtlippe für einen vakuumextraktorzur geburtshilfe | |
| EP0525021B1 (de) | Nicht-invasive medizinische sonde mit saugnapf | |
| US5163944A (en) | Obstetrical vacuum extractor | |
| US8568423B2 (en) | Uterus manipulator | |
| US3822703A (en) | Breast pump | |
| US6960181B2 (en) | Irrigation dressing with a tubular dam | |
| MXPA02009834A (es) | Instrumentos quirurgicos miniaturizados especialmente util para procedimientos quirurgicos oftalmologicos y metodos para fabricar los mismos. | |
| DE69617766D1 (de) | Einsatzstück für eine Brustpumpe | |
| EP0293472A4 (de) | Chirurgische ultraschallvorrichtung. | |
| CA2294484A1 (en) | Atraumatic medical retrieval device | |
| FI912032A0 (fi) | Foerbaettrad perinatal pulsoxymetrisensor. | |
| ATE344081T1 (de) | In einen körperkanal einbringbares instrument mit bidirektionalem koeffizienten der oberflächenreibung mit körpergewebe | |
| AU5611086A (en) | Breast pump with soft conformable flange | |
| ES2199706T1 (es) | Tetina o chupete. | |
| RU2039493C1 (ru) | Зубная щетка | |
| CN213554234U (zh) | 一种乳房乳管疏通装置 | |
| CN219207985U (zh) | 一种弹力护龈软胶签 | |
| CN218129289U (zh) | 一种介入手术患者呕吐物处理装置 | |
| CN211094024U (zh) | 一种一体式多功能咽反射检查工具 | |
| CN223731843U (zh) | 吸奶组件及吸奶器 | |
| CN223913278U (zh) | 一种活体蜜蜂无损害取样装置 | |
| SU906516A1 (ru) | Устройство дл сн ти биопотенциалов в полых органах | |
| KR102445446B1 (ko) | 피부 분비물 흡입용 의료 보조기구 | |
| CN221154469U (zh) | 一种可多角度固定的宫颈托 | |
| CN216148226U (zh) | 一种经口腔前庭入路腔镜甲状腺手术用口腔隔离装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| RER | Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties |