AU558043B2 - Splice of yarns - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, which is obtained by coupling tracts of single yarns by winding after having untwisted beforehand at least said tracts of single yarns, whereby the splice comprises, in at least one tract of the joint (22), a number of twists in the coupled yarn which is advantageously greater than the number of twists comprised in the single yarns (221-220) in the same tract, and whereby the splice is characterized by having a reciprocal centripetal thrust as between the yarns (221-220) owing to an induced lengthwise shrinkage, and whereby in at least one tract of the splice (22) the single yarns (220-221) comprise a band of support and mutual cooperation having a desired width.

Description

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MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NAT!ONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIAL loloa (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART Nu 2)

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C0IvwerW'ALTB OF- AUSTRALIA ASRLA PATENTS ACT 1952-1979 11 QCT 932 44~ APPLICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT TC

(CONV EN WE, OFFICINE SAVIO Spa., an.Itali'an Company,

of 550043 DEC LAF

In sup Via Udine, 105- 33170 Pordenone, Italy, ii Here insrt (in full1) by Nome of company. b 00 0 S. hereby apply for the grant of a Standard (hereinaftei S. go Patent for an 0 Here Mrasrt Title Of 6.e S Invention. inventi on en ttied: 4t S. 5*

0 *0 a ."SPLICE FOR YARNS". t. .0 pU,. -Cc) nd Here Insert Full Name and Address........ which is described in the accompanying completeI of Company Official (d j Specif icat ion. 'af~tied to make oft.. Details of basic application: do solemn! Number: 83429 A/82

14 Country: 'Italy 2. 4, P oi6). *Here insert Basic (0) Date: 3rd August, 1982. ,a Vouivit or Countries in 61ofidwed by date or dates of DlasIc. APplicatIon(S) 4f) i tere insert Pull ur aaae for service is:- SHELS-TOIT TE, W amne(s) of Applicat(s) by Inglasic Country. (9 "a)r~ee Aamf! Insert (in full1) and 3 Address Of S%U ivno or winvewiOrs. SYIJUEY. 1-1 S.W. 2000 ~.D~DA SBOp~ TE ihfis 8th day of October, 1982. T tha a V'OT18 FFICINE SAViO Spa *1~ make the App!

4 VIRCOk uhtte of Patet Attemwq, of Ausvaji A 0 SHELSTOI4 WATM I e the first .sub)Mct 0 To*: The Commissioner of Patents,. I Dec this WODENI. Agd.Te 2606. File: D.B.13G 4 4 £IgimWte Fee: $97.00 ToTHE

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'925 182 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT. 1952-1973 DECLARATION IN SUPPORT OF A CONVENTION APPLICATION FOR A PATENT

*In support of the Convention Applicatioin.No made (aI, Hero lInsert (in iuIli) OFFIC.iNE SAI Q Spa Name of Company.

(hereinafter referred to as "Applicant") for a patent for an invention entitled: SPIE O1YRS Itu) Helre thseirt Title of PIE O YAN

-Ind Here insert ful Namepan Addrcial ot Company mficae Via Udine, 105 33170 Pordenov., Italy, Gdsa~ltion a, of

do solemnly and sincerely declare as follows:

1 am authorised by Applicant to make this declaration on its behalf. S* *a 162. The basic Application(s) as defined Dy section 141 of the Act was/were made o(e)*H~ers insert Basic Ca) &P h f t 98 tnyor Countries in. th 3O...dyo AU 98 follitwe by date or dates Of IBasi.C. Application(s) on day

i) 'Wero insert Full (f) ,=~Imes) of Applicant(s) by .OFI14.C.I'. SAVJQ. 5. inBsc Country.() Hore Insert (in lull 3. fi al) .CLOP3X.N. S LtU1ZUI. Wk. A.13QRIMQ. and Address of tuinventor or .1TTT ~~Q4 winWa#Tors.

of Wi. Reme1J4 .7 -33.17Q.Pqic4wrnq,. .ItlLy VMia. C,~xduccIt....

the acu1'V or s) of ke'invention and the facts upon which Applicant is entitled to

make the Application are as follows: 0 Applicant is the Assignee of the said Inventor(s).

4. The basic Application() referred to in paragraph 2 of this Declaration was/OM

the first Application(* made in a Convention country in respect of the invention, the

subject of. the Application.

lCARDat... Porderxme. Italy

this 2213 day P.''1t Y19?

Its". (Signapureof DecIf; ToTHE COMMISSIONER OF PATENTS.

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WON

(12) AUSTRALIAN PATENT ABRIDGMIENT (19) AU (11) AU-B-89258/82

4 (54) (71) (21) SPLICE OF YARN.S OFFICINE SAV'IO 04 892 58/82 558043 (22) (24) 11.10.82 3.8-82 COMPLI (31) 83429/82 (32) 3.8.82 (33) IT (43) 9.2.84 (44) 15.1.877 (51)3 865H 69/06 D01H 15/00 (72) CLAUDIO SPERANZIN, ROBERTO BADIALI AND LUCIANO BERTOLI (74) SW Application Number: Lodged: (56) GB 2066315 GB 661697 (57) Claim .:epompiete Specification Lodged: 1. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, Accepted: Published: which is obtained by cour1ing tracts ofS two single yarns, Priority: each having a tail end by mear'e win(c-'-ri one upon the other to f-rm a splice having a centre point after having Related Art: untwisted beforehand said tracts of sinr'le yarns characterised in that, at least in on'e tract of the splice the nuaDer of twists of the cou;,,ed yarn is Name of Applicant: greater thceri the number of twists originally included in the single yarns in the same tract, thereby to induce Address of Aplicant: lengthwise shrinkage and consequently enhance reciprocal centripetal thrust as between the two yarns. Actual Inventor:

Address for Service: Shelston Watei

Comp!ate Specification for the Invei

D3 50 2

The following statement is a full( known to me/us:- 116 26/9

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I WODI

1. File: Fee: D.B.: $97.00

711W. 558043 FORM 10 -'V

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952-69

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION ciI. Descripi FOR OFFICE USE: "SPLICE I Class Int. Class 9 9 1' A in the r Application Number: ~5c~33 )~A Lodged: 1% 9**

This iP whether 'Vomplete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Splices *,*Published: This document contalna do weaver' s Priority: amendments made tmdar Section 49. 4 between *1 or with Related Art: and is coaoc for priotIng. Splices 7$ 12 eritangli 4$ means of "I 1 The knc Name of Applicant: OFFICINE SAVIO Spa dyri ai.ome A spliced Address of Ap.plicant: VIA UDINE, 105- 33170 PORDENONE, ITALY. the gene Splices Actual Inventor: CLAUDIO SPERANZIN; ROBERTO BADIALI and individu LUCIANO BERTOLI tracts c i The £ea Address for Service: Sheiston Waters, 1SSClarence Street, Sydney

*1 22 twisting~

Compate Specification for the Invention entitled: "SPLICE FOR YARNS" to the c 24 them. These sE

The following statement Is a full description of this Invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:-

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Sii 1 Description of the invention entitled: 2 "SPLICE FOR YARNS" 3 in the name of OFFICINE SAVIO SPA at Pordenone 4 4'h 5. This invention concerns a new kind of splice for yarns, 6 whether they be textile yarns or not. 7 Splices made between textile yarns by fisherman's knots, 8 weaver's knots or other kinds of knots.are known. Splices 9 between yarns are also known which are made with adhesives or with ties by winding the yarn or an outer tape. *'3 11 Splices are also known which are made by intertwining and 12 entangling the fibres of two yarns by blowing air or by e 13 means of electrostatic fields. 14 The known splices entail drawbacks as regards their dynaiometric properties and the ability to employ the 16 spliced yarn in usage means downstream and also as regards 17 the general characteristics of the joint. 18' Splices are also known which are made by untwisting the 19 individual yarns, uniting them and retwisting together the tracts of the yarns to be spliced. 21 The feature of said joints is the coupling of two yarns by 22 twisting them together after having brought them beforehand 23 to the condition of almost parallel fibres before coupling 24 them. These splices too entail unsatisfactory mechanical i"i 1: .properties since the fibres of the original yarns do not 2 cooperate with each other except to a small extent and in an 3, indequate way. i 4 This leads to unsatisfactory strengths, inadequate ability to repeat the joints, imperfect end zones and an i 6 unsatisfactory strength of the splice in the long term. 7 .Attempts have been made to improve such joints by opening 8 out and ruffling the fibres when the latter are 9 substantially parallel; this has been done with mechanical and/or pneumatic means, but appreciable results or, at any -1 rate, results of a satisfactory level have not been .12 obtained. 13 For instance, the known splices made with a jet or jets of *'4-s

14 air have their fibres bunched together and matted. Furthermore, the spliced tract is stiffened thereby with a 16 resulting loss of elasticity and even with considerable 7 problems for the usage means downstream, particularly as 18 regards dyeing work and warping operations besides other i 19 processes thereafter. Our present invention proposes a splice for yarns, whether *I 21 textile yarns or not, which not only has outstanding 22 aesthetic features but also possesses important mechanical, 23 technological and elastic properties and a long life. 24 The invention also proposes joints which are not only 'homogeneous but are also able to meet the requirements of 26 various usage means thereafter. 27 Indeed it is possible for said splices to be made c1 28 individually suitable for the p 'ticular type of usage means 29 by comprising intermediate and transition lengthwise

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sections of a type and form selected as desired. 31 The splice can include tail ends obtained by tearing or 32 extraction or cutting, so that the tail ends themselves can 33 be sheared or chopped, or be reduced or progressive.

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.1 The splice also comprises component yarns which tend to shrink lengthwise as a centripetal reciprocal thrust of one 3 yarn in respect of the other yarn takes place. According to the invention the various kinds of joint may have a joint diameter which varies between 0.8 and 1.8 times 6 the diameter of the single yarn. 7 The joint can also have coils with a winding inclination of 8 the coupled yarns of a desired type, for said inclination 9 may be constant, variable or mixed, as desired and depending .r 10 on the properties required. 11 The progression of the slope of the winding spirals may .a 4.' 12 also begin at the middle of the joint and move towards the 13 ends thereof. 14 This enables possible requirements of elasticity and/or 15 strength differentiated outwards from the middle to the *4.

16 periphery of the joint to be met, depending on the needs of 17 the usage means thereafter. 4. 4. 4. 4 18 According to the invention a splice made in this way is, 19 in itself, so stable that the tail ends or part thereof can be left substantially free. 21 According to the invention the remaining tail ends are 22 wound advantageously on the single connected yarns. 23 It is also possible for at least part of the joint to 24 comprise a mutual penetration of the fibres. The invention is therefore embodied in a splice made 26 between yarns, whether textile yarns or not, by the coupling 27 of-individual yarns by means of winding after said 28 individual yarns have been untwisted, said splice being .29 characterized by comprising, in at least one tract, a number of twists in the coupled yarn which is helpfully greater 31 than the number of twists in the indiv-idual yarns in the S32 same tract, and by comprising a reciprocal centripetal 33 thrust due to an induced lengthwise shrinkage.

F ts

S1 Let us now look at the invention with the help of the 2 tables, which have been attached merely as an illustrative "3 example. S 4 The tables have the following:- Fig.1 shows a splice according to the invention; 6 Fig.2a shows a first variant of the splice of Fig.1; 7 Fig.2b shows another variant of the splice of Fig.1; 8 'Fig.3 shows two conditions of the spliced yarns 9 respecti 10 Fig.4 shows the ding effect of the fly fibres; 4 11 Fig.5 shows a variant of the splice of Fig.1 with cut or S 12 torn tail ends which are free; .13 Fig.6 shows a variant of the splice of Fig.1 with cut or 14 torn tail ends which are wound up fully; Figs.7 and 8 show two possible arrangements of the yarns in 16 the splice. 17 In the figures the same parts or parts having the same .18 functions bear the same reference numbers. 19 A splice 22 as in Fig.5 with the tail ends 120 and/or 121 20 free (cut or torn, as in the example shown, or opened out) 21 is stable enough and can be employed without any worries for 22 given operations thereafter. 23 If steps are taken to wind (Fig.6) the tail ends 120 and/or 24 121 respectively onto the yarns 21 and 20, a still stronger joint is obtained. 26 Said winding of the tails 120 and 121 is performed with the 27 same device as that which arranges to make the splice 22, or 28 with other suitable means. 29 In the splice of the invention the end points 124 of the fly fibres 24 (Fig.4) can be anchored in and with other 31 fibres, thereby creating better anchorage and intertwining 32 of the individual yarns 20-21 both as between the two 33 individual yarns and also as between one coil and another of

1 the sAme yarn by passing the fibres over'the intermediate This 2 coil' of the other yarn. diame '3, This anchorage is further improved by a preferential 3, the' 4 orientation given to the fly fibres 24 themselves. 4 mayv -Said orientation is advantageously, but not necessarily, 55 sing 6 directed towards the end 23 of the splice 22 from the middle 6 The

7 of the splice. 7 effe 8 When progressive untwisted tail ends are present (Figs.1, 2 8 In 9 and the tail ends 120-121 are advantageously wound show ar 10 tightly onto the other single yarn, 21 and 20 respectively, 10 but .11 so that the last coils wound become protected by the Thi 8" 12 protrusion of the face 25 of the single yarn onto which they 12 to 1 13 are wound. 13 wher j 14 Fig.4 shows this condition for instructional purposes, 14 time together with the bond created by the fly fibres 24. 13 Ins rns in 16 In said Fig.4 can be seen the face 25 of the coils of yarn 16 abou 17 21 deeply furrowed by the coils of the tail end 120, so that 17 assu said coils of the tail end 120 are contained within the 18 ends 19 outer edge 25 of the yarn 21. 19 In 121 According to the invention it is possible to have different 20 spli out) 21 kinds of splices with different properties. Figs.1, 2, 7 and 21 .eck es for 22 8 show some types of splices. 22 the 23 The splice of Fig.1 is made without any thickening and 23 It and/or 24 compressive action; moreover, the tail ends 120-121 are 24 mad onger pulled open, that is, progressive, and their end zone is 25 in 26 wound p-ogressively on the anchored yarn 21-20. 26 8U th the 27 Under such conditions the joint 22 consists essentially of 27 tim 22, or 28 three zones, respectively a middle zone 26 with an almost 28 29) constant development of the coils, a transition zone 27 29 axi the wherein the coils change their slope progressively while the 30 by ?r 31 diameter of the joint is progressively lessened, and a zone 31 Opel ning 23 for the binding of the tails wherein th' slope of the 32 to 33 coils varies more quickly than in the zone 26. 33 the ther of

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'mediate 'rhis kind of splice may have in the zone 26 a maximum diameter varying between 1.25 and 1.8 times the diameter of 3. the single yarn; in the zone 23 instead the maximum diameter 3 4 may vary between 0.8 and 1.10 times the diameteir of the 4. sarily, 5 single yarn. the middle 6 The splices of Figs.2 show a compressive and thickening 6 7 effect produced during their formation. 7 (Figs.1, 2 8 In the case.of Fig.2a (the fly fibres 24 are purposely not 8 ound .9 shown for-reasons of clarity) there-are still three zones, 9 so ectively, 10 but zone 26 will take up a proportionately greater length. he 4 11* This kind of joint may have a maximum diameter about 1.05 .a 11 which they 12 to 1.25 times the diameter of the single yarn in zone 26, 12 13 whereas in zone 23 the diameter will be between 0.8 and 1.25 13 oses, 14 times the diameter of the single yarn. 14 4. 13 Instead, Fig.2b shows the case wherein the tail ends are s of yarn 16 about as long as the splice itself (as an example we have 16 0, so that 17 assumed the case of fibres spread out evenly in the tail 17 the ends). *9 18 1A 19 In such a case the joint 22 still has a zone 27 for the 19. different 20 splicing of the tail ends, but zone 26 is substantially a 00 2, 7 and 21 lacking, whereas the transition zone 27 in practice covers 21 the zone 23 as well. 22 i and 23 It can be seen in said figure that in practice a splice is are 24 m&de in that case with a reciprocal progressive development 24 me is 25 in both directions. 26 Such a type of splice has a diameter between 0.8 and 1.25 26 :ially of 27 times the average diameter of the single yarn, and said 27 almost 28 diameter may vary substantially within said limits along the 28 e 27 29 axis of the joint. 29- while the 30 By varying the length of the tail ends and varying the (4~ d a zone 31 operating conditions while the Joint is made, it is possible -I I. f the to obtain different splices, which may be a combination of 3 the joint of Fig.2a and the joint of Fig.2b, or a

Sraig.j snows two rinai conaitions or tne single yarns witn 3 the splice made (middle tract 26), the splice having 4" undergone compression and thickening (position B) and not having undergone that auxiliary action (position A) 6 respectively. 7 Fig.3 shows the bonding effect created by such auxiliary 8 compressive and thickening action, which broadens the band 9 of support and mutual cooperation between the two yarns o 10 21. -o 11 Figs.7 and 8 are examples of two further kinds of joints S 12 having different characteristics which could be produced on S 13 the joints of Figs.1 and 2a. 14 The tails 120-121 are shown but bear no relation to specific cases and are merely illustrative. 16 In Fig.7 tho farther the coils are located from the middle 17 of the splice :owards the ends thereof, the more they tend 18 progressively to take up a disposition at right angles to 19 the axis of the single yarn. e

S 20 Instead, in Fig.8 the coils are orientcd more at right 21 angles to the axis of the splice near the middle of the 22 splice and then change progressively until they reach the 3 edge of the splice with an accentuated slope. 24 We have described the invention here according to preferential embodiments shown as examples, but variants, 26 integrations and additions can be embodied by a person 27 skilled in this field, with the use also of mechanical 28 equivalents, without departing thereby from the scope of the 29 idea of the solution.

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'41 8

1. INDEX 2 A splice without compression or thickening 3 B splice with compression and thickening .4 20 single yarn 120 tail end of single yarn 6 220 single yarn in tract of the splice 7 21 single yarn 8 121 tail end of single yarn 9 221 single yarn in tract of the splice 10 22 splice or tract of coupling of the single yarns t *11 23 zone of splicing the tail ends 12 24 fly fibres 13 124 end of fly fibres 14 25 face of the splice (outer profile) 26 middle zone of splice 16 27 transition zone 17 PRIOR ART 18 2,515,172 in the name of Abbott Machine Company 19 2,605,603 in the name of Plymouth Cordage Company 20 3,379,002 in the name of Spunize Company of America Inc. 21 3,633,352 in the name of Thomas E. Marriner 22 4,240,247 in the name of Murata Kikai Kabushiki Kaisha 23 661,697 in the name of Abbott Machine Company 24 889,501 in the name of ZELLWEGER USTER S.A. 889,502 in the name of ZELLWEGER USTER S.A. 26 889.503 in the name of ZELLWEGER USTER S.A.

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THE'CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:- ii 1. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, ci i which is obtained by coupling tracts of two single yarns, 7 each having a tail end by means of winding one upon the other to form a splice having a centre point after having untwisted beforehand said tracts of single yarns characterised in that, at least in one tract of the 8 splice the number of twists of the coupled yarn is i

greater than the number of twists originally included in f the single yarns in the same tract, thereby to induce 9 lengthwise shrinkage and consequently enhance reciprocal i

centripetal thrust as between the two yarns. t f 2. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as o 1 in claim 1, characterized by the fact that over at least i a part of the splice the single yarns have a band of mutual support and mutual cooperation of a desired width. 3. 1 4r~4s Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as 1 ii in claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least a f part of the splice comprises coils of single yarns having a substantially constant slope. 1 f 4. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as iI in claim 1, characterized by the fact that at least a part of the splice comprises coils of the single yarns having a variable slope. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as in claim 4, characterized by the fact that said part is contained between a middle zone and an end zone of the splice. S 6. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as 1 in claim 4, characterized by the fact that said part comprises the whole splice. yarns, 7. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as ithe in claim 4, characterized by the fact that in said part having the slope varies in a symmetrical manner about the centre point of said splice. 8. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as in any one of the preceeding claims characterized by the led in fact that the tail ends of the single yarns are free. ice 9. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as >rocal in any one of claims 1 to 7 inclusive, characterized by the fact that the tail ends of the single yarns are wound I, as onto the splice.

least 10. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as inf any one of the preceeding claims, characterized by the width. fact that the tail ends are chopped. i, as 11. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as a in anyone of the preceeding claims, characterized by the having fact that the tail ends are tapered. 12. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as i,as in claim 11, characterized by the fact that the end part a of the tail ends are below the surface of the splice. rns 13. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as in any one of the preceeding claims, characterized by the as fact that the splice has an average intermediate diameter t is between 1.25 and 1.8 times the diameter of the single the yarns.

as _A 1 S< i- 1o

14. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as

in any one of the preceeding claims, characterized by the

fact that the diameter of the splice in the vicinity of

the tail ends is from 0.8 to 1.25 times the diameter of

the single yarns.

Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as

in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by the fact

that the splice has an average intermediate diameter

between 1.05 and 1.25 times the diameter of the single

yarns.

16. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as

in any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by the splice

having an average intermediate diameter betweeen 0.8 and

1.10 times the diameter of the single yarns.

17. Splice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as

in any one of the preceeding claims, characterized by the

fact that fly fibres protruding from at least a middle

tract of the splice are mainly free.

18. Pplice for yarns, whether textile or otherwise, as

in claim 17, characterized by the fact that a greater

part of the fly fibres possess characteristics of

slithering towards at least one end of the splice and of

anchoring themselves to the single yarns.

DATED this 14TH day of NOVEMBER, 1986

OFFICINE SAVIO SPA

Attorney: ROBERT G. SHELSTON

Fellow Institute of Patent Attorneys of Australia

of SHELSTON WATERS

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D3 50 2

The following statement is a full d known to me/us:- 116; ;26/9

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The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us-

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These splices too entail unsatisfactory mechanical

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31 rivres, rnerepy crt~ L.Lzyu 12 4 32 of the individual yarns 20-21 both as between the two "A 33' 33 individual yar.ns arid also as between one coil and another of 4

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